Photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt ground and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic foundation technology, and relates to a photovoltaic foundation structure and its construction method suitable for deep silt foundations. The structure includes two anti-sinking slabs, multiple bamboo piles, and support anchors. The two anti-sinking slabs are placed opposite each other, each comprising upper and lower layers of wire mesh, a carbon fiber composite lattice sandwiched between the two mesh layers, and lightweight foamed soil filled within the lattice. A frame beam connects the top of the two anti-sinking slabs to the photovoltaic support structure. The bamboo piles are arranged along the outer perimeter of the anti-sinking slabs, and the support anchors are arranged along the length of the anti-sinking slabs, with their lower ends inserted into the silt foundation and their upper ends connected to the lower layer of mesh. The support anchor includes an anchor rod and a sleeve, with multiple blade groups spaced apart on the sleeve. Each blade group includes multiple blades arranged circumferentially around the sleeve. When the support anchor is inserted into the foundation, all blades close and abut against the sleeve. After the support anchor is in place, all blades open to form a support disc inserted into the silt. This invention can significantly improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of onshore photovoltaic foundation technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The core function of onshore photovoltaic (PV) foundations is to secure the PV mounting brackets, bear the weight of the PV modules, and resist environmental loads such as wind and snow. The specific structural form of onshore PV foundations needs to be selected comprehensively based on topography, geological conditions, construction conditions, and economic considerations. Common types include: isolated foundations (such as cast-in-place reinforced concrete isolated foundations and precast concrete isolated foundations), pile foundations (such as helical piles, bored piles, and precast piles), strip foundations (such as cast-in-place reinforced concrete foundations and prestressed concrete strip foundations), and rock foundations (such as anchor bolts, anchor bolts, and rock-embedded foundations).

[0003] To save on initial construction costs and reduce construction difficulty, onshore distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems are typically installed on sites with favorable geological conditions. However, due to external environmental factors and investment characteristics, some onshore PV projects must be built on deep silt foundations. Deep silt foundations are soft soil foundations, characterized by high water content, low permeability, and susceptibility to rheological changes and settlement under long-term heavy loads. For example, uninhabited islands in Southeast Asia have large areas of silt foundations with a thickness of 8 to 12 meters. To save on investment, it is often undesirable to treat these deep silt foundations. Therefore, PV foundations built on deep silt foundations must meet both vertical and horizontal load requirements, consider foundation settlement, and also take into account construction costs and suitability for large-scale on-site applications. The existing onshore PV foundation structures mentioned above cannot adequately meet these requirements for PV foundation construction on deep silt foundations, and this significantly impacts project costs, project quality, and subsequent maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of related technologies, this invention provides a photovoltaic foundation structure and its construction method suitable for deep silt foundations, aiming to solve the design and construction challenges of photovoltaic foundation structures on deep silt foundations.

[0005] This invention provides a photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, comprising: Two anti-settlement slabs are placed opposite each other on the surface of the silt foundation. The anti-settlement slabs are long strips, and the arrangement direction of the two anti-settlement slabs is perpendicular to the length direction of the anti-settlement slabs. The anti-settlement slabs include two layers of wire mesh that are spaced apart, a carbon fiber composite grid sandwiched between the two layers of wire mesh, and foamed lightweight soil filled in the carbon fiber composite grid. The frame beams, which connect to the top surfaces of the two anti-sinking slabs, are used to connect to the photovoltaic support structure. Multiple bamboo stakes are spaced out along the outer perimeter of each anti-sinking slab; the lower end of the bamboo stakes is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end is connected to the lower layer of wire mesh of the anti-sinking slab. Multiple support anchors are spaced apart along the length of each anti-sinking slab. The lower end of the support anchor is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end is connected to the lower layer of wire mesh of the anti-sinking slab. The support anchor includes an anchor rod and a sleeve sleeved outside the anchor rod. The lower end of the anchor rod is connected to a pile tip, and the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the pile tip. Multiple blade groups are spaced apart along the length of the sleeve, and each blade group includes multiple blades arranged around the circumference of the sleeve. When the support anchor is inserted into the silt foundation, the blades of all blade groups close and abut against the outer wall of the sleeve. After the support anchor is inserted into place, the blades of all blade groups open to form multiple support plates inserted into the silt.

[0006] In some embodiments, the casing includes multiple rigid pipe segments spaced apart along its length, flexible pipe segments connected between adjacent rigid pipe segments, and multiple blade groups corresponding to multiple flexible pipe segments. The lower part of each blade is rotatably connected to the rigid pipe segment below its corresponding flexible pipe segment, and a support rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of each blade. The other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the rigid pipe segment above the flexible pipe segment corresponding to the blade. When the support anchor is inserted into the silt foundation, all blades close to cover the flexible pipe segment. After the support anchor is inserted into place, pressure is applied to the top of the casing to shorten the flexible pipe segment, causing the support rod to rotate outward so that all blades open to form a support plate inserted into the silt.

[0007] In some embodiments, the frame beam includes two sub-frames and a plurality of mounting beams spaced apart along the length of the sub-frames; the two sub-frames are respectively placed on top of two anti-sinking plates, and the two ends of the mounting beams are respectively pressed onto the top surfaces of the two sub-frames, and the mounting beams are connected to the two anti-sinking plates via the two sub-frames by a plurality of bolts; the mounting beams are used to connect to the photovoltaic bracket.

[0008] In some embodiments, the subframe includes a U-shaped top plate and a plurality of side plates disposed around the top plate and folded downwards. The bottom surface of the top plate is pressed against the top surface of the anti-sinking plate, and the side plates around the top plate are attached to the side walls of the anti-sinking plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt includes multiple sub-anchor bolts connected in sequence, with adjacent sub-anchor bolts connected by pipe clamps, and the lowest anchor bolt connected to the pile tip by threads; the rigid pipe section between two adjacent flexible pipe sections includes two interconnected rigid sub-pipe sections, with adjacent rigid sub-pipe sections connected by pipe clamps.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the plurality of support discs on the sleeve gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0011] In some embodiments, the foamed lightweight soil is composed of in-situ silt, cement, and a foaming agent, and the density of the foamed lightweight soil is 0.8 g / cm³. 3 ~1.0g / cm 3 .

[0012] In some embodiments, the wire mesh is woven from steel wires with a diameter of 2 mm to 4 mm; the carbon fiber composite lattice has a height of 100 mm to 150 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0013] This invention also provides a construction method for a photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, applied to the aforementioned photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the support anchor: Assemble the support anchor and close all the blades of the blade group. The upper end of each blade group is tied to the outer wall of the casing with a rope with a slipknot. Insert multiple support anchors into the silt foundation in the preset position. The slipknot ends of all ropes are exposed outside the surface of the silt foundation. S2. Forming a support plate: Pull the slipknot of the rope tied to the lowest blade group of the support plate anchor to loosen the binding of the blade group, apply pressure to the top of the sleeve to shorten the flexible pipe section corresponding to the blade group, and drive all the support rods of the blade group to rotate outward so that all the blades open to form a support plate inserted into the silt; follow this step to loosen the blade groups from bottom to top and press down the top of the sleeve to open all the blade groups one by one, forming multiple support plates inserted into the silt. S3. Drive bamboo stakes: Insert multiple bamboo stakes into the silt foundation at the preset positions; S4. Installing the anti-settlement slab: Lay the lower layer of wire mesh on the surface of the silt foundation and connect it with the support anchors and bamboo piles; place the carbon fiber composite grid on the lower layer of wire mesh and connect it with it; pump the on-site mixed foamed lightweight soil into the carbon fiber composite grid to fill it, and at the same time, pre-embed multiple bolts in the foamed lightweight soil in the carbon fiber composite grid according to the preset positions; lay the upper layer of wire mesh on the top surface of the filled carbon fiber composite grid; S5. Install the frame beam: Place the frame beam on top of the two anti-sinking plates and connect it to the two anti-sinking plates with multiple bolts.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S4, the lower wire mesh is connected to the support anchor and bamboo stake by fitting a positioning plate on the upper part of each support anchor and bamboo stake that extends beyond the lower wire mesh, and by setting a pipe clamp or pin on each support anchor and bamboo stake to press the positioning plate against the lower wire mesh.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, the photovoltaic foundation structure and its construction method suitable for deep silt foundations in the embodiments of the present invention, through the combined application of support anchors, bamboo piles and anti-sinking plates, can provide a stable supporting foundation for photovoltaic supports, realize the lightweight design of photovoltaic foundation structures, reduce foundation settlement, reduce project costs, and significantly improve the overall stability and vertical bearing capacity of photovoltaic foundation structures, better resist horizontal loads and wind loads, and have good anti-overturning performance, making them particularly suitable for onshore photovoltaic engineering construction on deep silt foundations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic foundation structure of the present invention, suitable for deep silt foundations; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the photovoltaic support and photovoltaic panels installed on the photovoltaic foundation structure of this invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the support anchor (when the blade assembly is not open) in this invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the support anchor (when the blade assembly is not open) in this invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the support anchor (when the blade assembly is open) in this invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the support anchor (when the blade assembly is open) in this invention; Figure 7 This is a plan view of the support anchor and bamboo pile relative to the anti-sinking plate in this invention. Figure 8 This is a top view of the wire mesh sheet in this invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the carbon fiber composite lattice in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the frame beam in this invention; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of a construction method for a photovoltaic foundation structure applicable to deep silt foundations according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of step S1 in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the result after step S2 in this invention is completed; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the result after step S3 in this invention is completed; Figure 15This is a schematic diagram of the lower layer of wire mesh after it has been laid in step S4 of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon fiber composite lattice after it has been placed in step S4 of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 10. Anti-sinking plate; 11. Wire mesh; 12. Carbon fiber composite lattice; 13. Positioning plate; 20. Frame beam; 21. Sub-frame; 211. Top plate; 212. Side plate; 22. Installation beam; 30. Support plate anchor; 31. Anchor bolt; 311. Sub-anchor bolt; 312. Pipe clamp; 32. Sleeve; 321. Rigid pipe section; 3211. Rigid sub-pipe section; 322. Flexible pipe section; 33. Pile tip; 34. Blade assembly; 35. Blade; 36. Support rod; 37. Rope; 38. Support plate; 40. Bamboo pile; 50. Photovoltaic bracket; 60. Photovoltaic panel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, including two anti-sinking plates 10, multiple bamboo piles 40 and multiple support anchors 30.

[0023] Two anti-settlement slabs 10 are placed opposite each other on the surface of the silt foundation. The anti-settlement slabs 10 are long strips with a certain thickness, and the arrangement direction of the two anti-settlement slabs 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the anti-settlement slabs 10. The anti-settlement slab 10 includes two layers of wire mesh 11 spaced apart vertically, a carbon fiber composite lattice 12 sandwiched between the two layers of wire mesh 11, and foamed lightweight soil filled in the carbon fiber composite lattice 12. Specifically, the wire mesh 11 is typically woven from low-carbon steel wire with a diameter of 2mm to 4mm, and the low-carbon steel wire is coated with PVC. The mesh shape of the wire mesh 11 can be hexagonal but is not limited to this, and the mesh size can be set to 400mm×400mm, but is not limited to this. The carbon fiber composite lattice 12 is a lattice made of ultra-lightweight and high-strength materials. It is understood that this lattice has multiple grids. The height of the carbon fiber composite lattice 12 can be set to 100mm to 150mm, the wall thickness can be set to 2mm to 3mm, and the grid shape can be square or hexagonal but is not limited to this. The foamed lightweight soil is made by mixing in-situ silt, cement, and foaming agent. The density of the foamed lightweight soil is 0.8g / cm³. 3 ~1.0g / cm 3 .

[0024] The frame beam 20 connects to the top surface of the two anti-sinking plates 10 and is used to connect to the photovoltaic support 50; that is, the frame beam 20 spans across and connects to the two anti-sinking plates 10, and the two anti-sinking plates 10 support the frame beam 20. The photovoltaic support 50, which supports the photovoltaic panels 60, is installed on the top surface of the frame beam 20. The frame beam 20 can be made of HDPE high-strength plastic, which helps to reduce the self-weight of the photovoltaic foundation structure.

[0025] Multiple bamboo stakes 40 are spaced apart along the outer perimeter of each anti-sinking slab 10, with at least one bamboo stake 40 at each of the four corners of the anti-sinking slab 10. The lower end of each bamboo stake 40 is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end of each bamboo stake 40 is slightly higher than the lower layer of wire mesh 11 of the anti-sinking slab 10 and connected to the lower layer of wire mesh 11. The diameter of the bamboo stake 40 can be set to 80mm to 100mm, and the length can be set to 5m to 8m, but is not limited to these. The entire bamboo stake 40 can be made from a single bamboo stake segment or from multiple bamboo stake segments connected sequentially by pipe clamps, depending on the specific length.

[0026] Multiple anchor bolts 30 are spaced apart along the length of each anti-sinking plate 10 and are positioned along the centerline of the anti-sinking plate 10. The lower end of each anchor bolt 30 is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end of each anchor bolt 30 is slightly higher than the lower layer of wire mesh 11 of the anti-sinking plate 10 and connected to the lower layer of wire mesh 11. Each anchor bolt 30 includes an anchor rod 31 and a sleeve 32 sleeved outside the anchor rod 31. The lower end of the anchor rod 31 is connected to a pile tip 33, and the lower end of the sleeve 32 is connected to the pile tip 33. Multiple blade groups 34 are spaced apart along the length of the sleeve 32, and each blade group 34 includes multiple blades 35 arranged circumferentially around the sleeve 32. Specifically, the length of the support anchor 30 is greater than the length of the bamboo pile 40; the anchor rod 31 can be a galvanized steel pipe with a diameter of 20mm to 30mm. The anchor rod 31 includes multiple sub-anchor rods 311 connected vertically. Adjacent sub-anchor rods 311 are connected by pipe clamps 312. The length of the sub-anchor rods 311 is set according to the thickness of the silt, such as 2m to 3m; the sleeve 32 can be a plastic pipe with a diameter of 70mm to 80mm. The sleeve 32 can also be multiple sub-sleeves connected vertically; the pile tip 33 is a closed-end pile tip 33, and the maximum diameter of the pile tip 33 is greater than the outer diameter of the sleeve 32; the lowest ends of the anchor rod 31 and the sleeve 32 are respectively connected to the pile tip 33 by threads. To further explain, when the support anchor 30 is inserted into the silt foundation, the blades 35 of all the blade groups 34 close and abut against the outer wall of the sleeve 32, thereby reducing the resistance of the support anchor 30 in the soil, improving construction efficiency, and reducing construction difficulty and noise; after the support anchor 30 is inserted into place, the blades 35 of all the blade groups 34 open to form multiple support discs 38 inserted into the silt, thereby improving the pull-out resistance of the support anchor 30.

[0027] In the above illustrative embodiment, the anti-settlement plate 10 and its upper frame beam 20 provide a supporting foundation for the photovoltaic support 50, and achieve a lightweight design of the photovoltaic foundation structure, reducing foundation settlement. By arranging the support anchor 30 and the openable blade assembly 34 on the support anchor 30 along the centerline of the anti-settlement plate 10, the vertical pull-out resistance and bearing capacity of the support anchor 30 in the soil can be improved, giving the support anchor 30 good pull-out performance and stability, thereby improving the overall stability and vertical bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure, and better resisting horizontal loads and wind loads, with good anti-overturning performance. By arranging bamboo piles 40 around the anti-settlement plate 10, the stability and load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure are further improved, and the project cost is greatly reduced.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 , Figures 3-6As shown, in some embodiments, the sleeve 32 includes a plurality of rigid pipe segments 321 spaced apart along its length, and flexible pipe segments 322 connected between pairs of adjacent rigid pipe segments 321. A plurality of blade groups 34 are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of flexible pipe segments 322. Specifically, the rigid pipe segments 321 are made of high-strength plastic, and the flexible pipe segments 322 are made of compressible material and have a certain deformation capacity. The rigid pipe segments 321 between pairs of adjacent flexible pipe segments 322 include two interconnected rigid sub-pipe segments 3211, which are connected by pipe clamps 312. Further, each flexible pipe segment 322 and the rigid sub-pipe segments 3211 or rigid pipe segments 321 at both ends constitute a sub-sleeve. Therefore, each sub-sleeve is provided with a blade group 34, and the sub-sleeves are connected by pipe clamps 312, realizing the segmented manufacturing of the sleeve 32 and reducing the manufacturing and assembly difficulty of the sleeve 32.

[0029] Furthermore, the lower part of each blade 35 in each blade group 34 is rotatably connected to the rigid pipe section 321 below the corresponding flexible pipe section 322, and a support rod 36 is rotatably connected to the middle part of each blade 35. The other end of the support rod 36 is rotatably connected to the rigid pipe section 321 above the flexible pipe section 322 corresponding to the blade 35. When the support anchor 30 is inserted into the silt foundation, all the blades 35 first close to cover the flexible pipe section 322. At this time, the adjacent blades 35 in each blade group 34 can be partially overlapped. Then, force is applied to the top of the anchor rod 31 so that the pile tip 33 is inserted into the silt foundation and continues to penetrate deeper, driving the sleeve 32 outside the anchor rod 31 to be inserted into the silt foundation at the same time. After the support anchor 30 is inserted into place, no more force is applied to the top of the anchor rod 31, but pressure is applied to the top of the sleeve 32 so that the flexible pipe section 322 is compressed and shortened, driving the support rod 36 to rotate outward so that all the blades 35 open to form the support plate 38 inserted into the silt.

[0030] The above illustrative embodiment achieves the openability of the blade assembly 34 within the soil by setting up the flexible pipe section 322 on the casing 32 and designing the connection structure between the blade assembly 34 and the casing 32, thereby forming a support plate 38 to improve the pull-out resistance of the support plate anchor 30.

[0031] refer to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the outer diameter of the multiple support discs 38 on the sleeve 32 gradually increases from bottom to top; for example, after all the blade groups 34 are opened into place, the outer diameter of the lowest support disc 38 can be 200mm to 300mm, the outer diameter of the middle support disc 38 can be 400mm to 600mm, and the outer diameter of the uppermost support disc 38 can be 800mm to 1000mm; thus realizing the multi-layer variable-size support disc 38 design of the support disc anchor 30; further explained, after the support disc anchor 30 is inserted into place, the multiple support discs 38 should be opened one by one from bottom to top, so as to avoid the disadvantages of having to apply a large pressure to the top of the sleeve 32 or having difficulty opening the support discs 38 into place due to the large soil resistance when the support discs 38 are opened at the same time or from top to bottom.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame beam 20 includes two sub-frames 21 and a plurality of mounting beams 22 spaced apart and parallel to each other along the length of the sub-frames 21. The two sub-frames 21 are respectively placed on top of the two anti-sinking plates 10, and the length direction of the sub-frames 21 is consistent with the length direction of the anti-sinking plates 10; the two ends of the mounting beams 22 are respectively pressed onto the top surface of the two sub-frames 21, and the length direction of the mounting beams 22 is consistent with the width direction of the anti-sinking plates 10; the mounting beams 22 are connected to the two anti-sinking plates 10 through the two sub-frames 21 by a plurality of bolts, that is, the bolts pass through the mounting beams 22 and the sub-frames 21 to connect to the anti-sinking plates 10; the mounting beams 22 are used to connect to the photovoltaic bracket 50. Specifically, the sub-frame 21 includes a U-shaped top plate 211 and multiple side plates 212 folded downwards around the top plate 211. The bottom surface of the top plate 211 presses against the top surface of the anti-sinking plate 10, and the side plates 212 around the top plate 211 fit snugly against the side walls of the anti-sinking plate 10. This facilitates the rapid centering and positioning of the sub-frame 21 on the anti-sinking plate 10 and also helps to improve the structural strength and stability of the sub-frame 21. In this illustrative embodiment, by adopting a frame beam 20 structure composed of two sub-frames 21 and multiple mounting beams 22, the load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the frame beam 20 are effectively improved, thereby ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic bracket 50 and the photovoltaic modules such as the photovoltaic panels 60 installed on the frame beam 20.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 16 As shown, the present invention also provides a construction method for a photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, which is applied to the aforementioned photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, and includes the following steps S1 to S5.

[0034] Step S1: Install the support anchor 30, specifically including: prefabricating anchor rods 31, sleeves 32, pile tips 33, and blade groups 34 in the factory according to design requirements, and connecting anchor rods 31 and sleeves 32 to pile tips 33, and connecting blade groups 34 to sleeves 32 to complete the assembly of the support anchor 30; after assembling the support anchor 30, closing all the blades 35 of the blade groups 34, with the upper end of each blade group 34 tied with a rope 37 with a slipknot so that the blades 35 are close to the outer wall of the sleeve 32. The slipknot and non-slipknot ends of the rope 37 can be different colors. The rows are distinguished, and the slipknot ends of the ropes 37 tied to them are numbered and marked according to the order of the leaf groups 34 from bottom to top. On the silt foundation, the anchor plate 30 is statically installed one by one according to the design requirements using a floating anchoring device. The pressure is applied to the top of the anchor rod 31 to be transmitted to the pile tip 33, so that the pile tip 33 drives the anchor rod 31 and the sleeve 32 to be inserted into the silt foundation at the same time. In this way, multiple anchor plate 30 are inserted into the silt foundation to a specified depth in the preset position. The slipknot ends of all ropes 37 are exposed outside the surface of the silt foundation, and the non-slipknot ends may be exposed or not exposed outside the surface of the silt foundation.

[0035] Step S2, forming the support plate 38, specifically includes: according to the number of the slipknot rope ends, manually or with a rope winding machine, pulling the slipknot rope end of the rope 37 tied to the lowest blade group 34 of the support plate anchor 30 to loosen the binding of the blade group 34, i.e., to release the constraint on the blades 35; using anchoring equipment and with the aid of a tubular component, applying pressure to the top of the sleeve 32 to shorten the flexible tube section 322 corresponding to the blade group 34, causing all the support rods 36 of the blade group 34 to rotate outward, so that all the blades 35 open to form a support plate 38 inserted into the silt; following this step, loosening the binding of the blade groups 34 sequentially from bottom to top and pressing down the top of the sleeve 32 to open all the blade groups 34 one by one, forming multiple support plates 38 inserted into the silt. It can be understood that before the blade group 34 is opened, the slipknot rope end of its binding rope 37 is always exposed outside the silt foundation surface.

[0036] Step S3, driving bamboo piles 40, specifically includes: preparing bamboo piles 40 according to design requirements; using a static pressure machine with a float to insert multiple bamboo piles 40 into the silt foundation at a specified depth according to the design requirements.

[0037] Step S4, installing the anti-settlement plate 10, specifically includes: First, laying the lower layer of wire mesh 11 onto the surface of the silt foundation, where the lower layer of wire mesh 11 will naturally interlock with the surface of the silt foundation; then connecting the lower layer of wire mesh 11 to the support anchor 30 and bamboo pile 40 to prevent slippage; then, placing the carbon fiber composite grid 12 on the lower layer of wire mesh 11 and connecting the two together with wire; pumping the on-site mixed foamed lightweight soil into the carbon fiber composite grid 12 to fill it, while simultaneously embedding multiple bolts in the foamed lightweight soil within the carbon fiber composite grid 12 at preset positions, with the top surface of the bolts protruding above the top surface of the carbon fiber composite grid 12; then laying the upper layer of wire mesh 11 onto the top surface of the filled carbon fiber composite grid 12, i.e., the top surface of the foamed lightweight soil, thereby integrating the upper and lower layers of wire mesh 11, the carbon fiber composite grid 12, and the foamed lightweight soil into one unit.

[0038] Step S5, Installing the frame beam 20, specifically includes: prefabricating the sub-frames 21 and installation beams 22 in the factory according to the design requirements; placing the two sub-frames 21 on the top surfaces of the two anti-settlement plates 10 respectively; placing multiple installation beams 22 on the two sub-frames 21; and connecting the installation beams 22 and sub-frames 21 to the two anti-settlement plates 10 with multiple bolts; thus completing the construction of the photovoltaic foundation structure on the silt foundation; then connecting the photovoltaic bracket 50 to the installation beams 22 according to the design position; and then installing the photovoltaic panels 60 on the photovoltaic bracket 50, thereby completing the installation of the photovoltaic modules on the silt foundation.

[0039] The above illustrative embodiment reduces the resistance of the anchor 30 when inserted into the soil by setting the support anchor 30 and its openable blade assembly 34, thereby reducing construction difficulty and improving construction efficiency. The multiple flexible pipe sections 322 and their corresponding blade assemblies 34 allow the support plates 38 to be opened one by one by pressing down the sleeve 32, improving operability. Furthermore, the opening of multiple support plates 38 increases the stress-bearing area of ​​the anchor body, enhancing the vertical pull-out resistance and bearing capacity of the support anchor 30. The bamboo piles 40 further improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure, while significantly reducing project costs. The anti-settlement plate 10 and its upper frame beam 20 provide a supporting foundation for the photovoltaic bracket 50, achieving a lightweight design for the photovoltaic foundation structure and reducing foundation settlement. Therefore, this illustrative embodiment can significantly improve the overall stability and vertical bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure, better resist horizontal and wind loads, and has good anti-overturning performance, making it particularly suitable for onshore photovoltaic projects on deep silt foundations.

[0040] refer to Figure 15As shown, in some embodiments, in step S4, the connection between the lower wire mesh 11 and the support anchor 30 and bamboo pile 40 is as follows: a positioning plate 13 is fitted on the upper part of each support anchor 30 and each bamboo pile 40 beyond the lower wire mesh 11; a pipe clamp 312 or a pin is provided on the upper part of each support anchor 30 and each bamboo pile 40; the positioning plate 13 is pressed against the lower wire mesh 11 by the pipe clamp 312 or the pin; thereby realizing the connection between the support anchor 30 and bamboo pile 40 and the lower wire mesh 11, and thus ensuring the connection stability between the anti-sinking plate 10 and the support anchor 30 and bamboo pile 40.

[0041] Through the description of several embodiments of the photovoltaic foundation structure and construction method applicable to deep silt foundations of the present invention, it can be seen that the present invention has at least one or more of the following advantages: 1) By combining the support anchor 30, bamboo pile 40 and anti-sinking plate 10, a stable support foundation can be provided for the photovoltaic support 50, realizing the lightweight design of the photovoltaic foundation structure, reducing foundation settlement, reducing project cost, and significantly improving the overall stability and vertical bearing capacity of the photovoltaic foundation structure, better resisting horizontal loads and wind loads, and having good anti-overturning performance. It is particularly suitable for the construction of onshore photovoltaic projects on deep silt foundations. 2) By adopting specific construction steps such as inserting the support anchor 30 and opening the support plate 38 from bottom to top, driving the bamboo pile 40, installing the anti-sinking plate 10 and the frame beam 20, the entire construction operation of the photovoltaic foundation structure is simple and easy to implement, reducing construction difficulty and improving construction efficiency. It also eliminates the need for pretreatment of the silt foundation, and has the advantages of small soil disturbance, low construction noise and environmental friendliness, and can be applied on a large scale in the field.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations, characterized in that, include: Two anti-settlement plates are placed opposite each other on the surface of the silt foundation; the anti-settlement plates are long strips, and the arrangement direction of the two anti-settlement plates is perpendicular to the length direction of the anti-settlement plates; the anti-settlement plates include two layers of wire mesh arranged at intervals, a carbon fiber composite grid sandwiched between the two layers of wire mesh, and foamed lightweight soil filled in the carbon fiber composite grid. A frame beam, which is connected to the top surface of the two anti-sinking plates, is used to connect to the photovoltaic support; Multiple bamboo stakes are spaced apart along the outer periphery of each of the anti-sinking slabs; the lower end of each bamboo stake is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end is connected to the lower layer of wire mesh of the anti-sinking slab. Multiple support anchors are spaced apart along the length of each anti-sinking slab; the lower end of each support anchor is inserted into the silt foundation, and the upper end is connected to the lower layer of wire mesh of the anti-sinking slab; each support anchor includes an anchor rod and a sleeve sleeved outside the anchor rod, the lower end of the anchor rod is connected to a pile tip, the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the pile tip, and multiple blade groups are spaced apart along the length of the sleeve, each blade group including multiple blades arranged circumferentially around the sleeve; the sleeve includes multiple rigid pipe sections spaced apart along its length and flexible pipe sections connected between two adjacent rigid pipe sections, and the multiple blade groups are arranged one-to-one with the multiple flexible pipe sections; the lower part of each blade is rotatably connected to the rigid pipe section below its corresponding flexible pipe section, and a support rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of each blade, the other end of the support rod being rotatably connected to the rigid pipe section above the flexible pipe section corresponding to the blade; When the support anchor is inserted into the silt foundation, the blades of all the blade groups close to cover the flexible pipe section; after the support anchor is inserted into place, pressure is applied to the top of the sleeve to shorten the flexible pipe section, which drives the support rod to rotate outward so that the blades of all the blade groups open to form multiple support discs inserted into the silt.

2. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame beam includes two sub-frames and multiple mounting beams spaced apart along the length of the sub-frames; the two sub-frames are respectively placed on top of two anti-sinking plates, and the two ends of the mounting beams are respectively pressed onto the top surfaces of the two sub-frames, and the mounting beams are connected to the two anti-sinking plates via the two sub-frames by multiple bolts; the mounting beams are used to connect with the photovoltaic support.

3. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The subframe includes a U-shaped top plate and multiple side plates arranged around the top plate and folded downwards. The bottom surface of the top plate is pressed against the top surface of the anti-sinking plate, and the side plates around the top plate are attached to the side walls of the anti-sinking plate.

4. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor rod includes multiple sub-anchor rods connected in sequence, with adjacent sub-anchor rods connected by pipe clamps, and the lowest anchor rod connected to the pile tip by threads; the rigid pipe section between adjacent flexible pipe sections includes two interconnected rigid sub-pipe sections, with adjacent rigid sub-pipe sections connected by pipe clamps.

5. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the multiple support discs on the sleeve gradually increases from bottom to top.

6. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The foamed lightweight soil is composed of in-situ silt, cement, and foaming agent, and has a density of 0.8 g / cm³. 3 ~1.0g / cm 3 .

7. The photovoltaic foundation structure suitable for deep silt foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wire mesh is woven from steel wires with a diameter of 2mm to 4mm; the carbon fiber composite lattice has a height of 100mm to 150mm and a wall thickness of 2mm to 3mm.

8. A construction method for photovoltaic foundation structures suitable for deep silt foundations, characterized in that, The photovoltaic foundation structure applicable to deep silt foundations as described in any one of claims 2 to 7 comprises the following steps: S1. Install the support anchor: Assemble the support anchor and close all the blades of the blade group. The upper end of each blade group is tied to the outer wall of the casing with a rope with a slipknot. Insert multiple support anchors into the silt foundation in the preset position. The slipknot ends of all ropes are exposed outside the surface of the silt foundation. S2. Forming a support plate: Pull the slipknot of the rope tied to the lowest blade group of the support plate anchor to loosen the binding of the blade group, apply pressure to the top of the sleeve to shorten the flexible pipe section corresponding to the blade group, and drive all the support rods of the blade group to rotate outward so that all the blades open to form a support plate inserted into the silt; follow this step to loosen the blade groups from bottom to top and press down the top of the sleeve to open all the blade groups one by one, forming multiple support plates inserted into the silt. S3. Drive bamboo stakes: Insert multiple bamboo stakes into the silt foundation at the preset positions; S4. Installing the anti-settlement slab: Lay the lower layer of wire mesh on the surface of the silt foundation and connect it with the support anchors and bamboo piles; place the carbon fiber composite grid on the lower layer of wire mesh and connect it with it; pump the on-site mixed foamed lightweight soil into the carbon fiber composite grid to fill it, and at the same time, pre-embed multiple bolts in the foamed lightweight soil in the carbon fiber composite grid according to the preset positions; lay the upper layer of wire mesh on the top surface of the filled carbon fiber composite grid; S5. Install the frame beam: Place the frame beam on top of the two anti-sinking plates and connect it to the two anti-sinking plates with multiple bolts.

9. The construction method for a photovoltaic foundation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the connection between the lower wire mesh and the support anchor and bamboo pile is as follows: a positioning plate is fitted on the upper part of each support anchor and bamboo pile that extends beyond the lower wire mesh, and a pipe clamp or pin is installed on each support anchor and bamboo pile to press the positioning plate against the lower wire mesh.

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