A drilling device for mine bolting
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG MENGLU MINING ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images
Figure CN122169708A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling support technology, and in particular to a drilling device for mine anchor support. Background Technology
[0002] Rock bolt support is a core technology for current mine surrounding rock support, with advantages such as high support strength, convenient construction, and minimal disturbance to the surrounding rock. Rock wall drilling is a crucial pre-construction step for rock bolt support. The drilling accuracy, work efficiency, and construction stability directly determine the installation quality of the rock bolts and the overall safety effect of the roadway support.
[0003] Currently, drilling equipment used for anchor bolt support construction in mines mostly adopts a structure of movable frame combined with hydraulically driven feed mechanism and drilling motor. The hydraulic system drives the feed hydraulic cylinder to move the drill rod to complete the feed action, and the rotation of the drilling motor realizes drilling into the rock wall. However, in actual underground construction, the existing equipment has significant technical defects and is difficult to adapt to the complex working conditions in mines.
[0004] Existing hydraulic drive systems for drilling rigs mostly employ a method where oil pumps directly supply oil to the feed hydraulic cylinders. However, the uneven distribution of rock strata in mining areas, coupled with the frequent encounters of drill pipes with hard rock interlayers and fractured zones during drilling, leads to frequent and unpredictable load fluctuations. This results in drastic pressure fluctuations in the hydraulic circuits. The instantaneous high-pressure peaks generated in the circuits continuously impact the hydraulic pipelines, sealing elements, and the pump body, easily causing seal failure and leakage, pipeline rupture, and accelerated wear of internal pump components, significantly shortening the lifespan of hydraulic components. Conversely, the instantaneous pressure dips can cause feed creep and jamming in the feed hydraulic cylinders, compromising the smoothness of drilling feed. Furthermore, existing hydraulic systems cannot recover and utilize excess hydraulic energy generated by load fluctuations, resulting in high wasted energy consumption and poor reliability for continuous operation under conditions of limited downhole power supply.
[0005] To mitigate pressure fluctuations, some existing drilling rigs incorporate a single energy storage tank in the oil circuit. However, this structure only provides basic energy storage and buffering; it cannot stabilize oil pressures at varying levels. When the oil pump output and the energy storage tank output flow directly into the oil circuit, secondary pressure fluctuations occur, resulting in slow pressure stabilization response and an inability to completely eliminate pressure instability caused by sudden load changes. Pressure fluctuations directly lead to uneven drill rod feed speeds during drilling, resulting in uneven borehole diameters, borehole position deviations, and excessive borehole wall roughness. This fails to meet anchor bolt installation requirements and may even prevent anchor bolt installation altogether, directly impacting the construction quality of roadway support and the safety of surrounding rock support. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support, comprising a fixed frame, the fixed frame being movable and adjustable on the ground by means of casters, a conveying rail mounted on the upper end of the fixed frame, a driving hydraulic cylinder mounted on the conveying rail, the driving hydraulic cylinder driving a sliding plate to slide along the conveying rail, a drilling motor mounted on the upper end of the sliding plate, wherein the drilling motor driving a drill rod to drill holes for subsequent installation of anchor bolts, an assembly frame mounted on the fixed frame, a hydraulic station mounted on the assembly frame, an energy storage module mounted on the upper end of the hydraulic station, wherein the energy storage module can temporarily store hydraulic oil pressure to balance pressure and reduce energy consumption, wherein the hydraulic station outputs hydraulic oil through the energy storage unit by means of an oil pump, the oil pump providing hydraulic pressure to the driving hydraulic cylinder, a guide frame mounted on the surface of the conveying rail, wherein the drill rod passes through the guide frame. Rollers are mounted on the edge of the sliding plate, wherein the rollers are engaged in the track grooves on the edge of the conveying rail, and the sliding plate can slide along the track grooves by means of the rollers.
[0008] Preferably, the energy storage module has multiple energy storage units connected in parallel. Each energy storage unit includes an energy storage tank, and an air bladder is installed inside the energy storage tank. The air bladder input extends out of the energy storage tank via a one-way valve, allowing high-pressure nitrogen to be injected into the air bladder to fill the energy storage tank. The port of the energy storage tank is fitted with a cap via a flange, and the cap and the energy storage tank form a complete container. The oil pump output is connected in parallel with the complete container. Under normal conditions, the pressure at the oil pump output pumps hydraulic oil into the complete container to compress the air bladder volume. The compressed air bladder volume increases the nitrogen pressure inside the air bladder. When the pressure at the oil pump output fluctuates, there are two scenarios: 1. When the pressure increases, the air bladder volume can continue to be compressed to reduce the pressure peak and avoid damage to the pipeline caused by excessive pressure peak; 2. When the pressure decreases, the air pressure inside the air bladder is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the external pipeline. In this case, under the action of the pressure difference, the air bladder expands to squeeze out the hydraulic oil inside the complete container to balance the hydraulic pressure trough in the external pipeline and avoid the problem of insufficient hydraulic pressure and increased energy consumption.
[0009] Preferably, the energy storage module is provided with multiple delivery pipes, which are respectively connected to the caps of multiple energy storage units. The multiple delivery pipes are connected to each other through a mixing and slowing unit to form a complete pipeline. The complete pipeline is connected to the input end of the oil pump. When the hydraulic pressure in the delivery pipe decreases, the hydraulic oil sent out from the energy storage unit can be mixed through the mixing and slowing unit to ensure pressure balance. The other end of the complete pipeline is connected to the drive hydraulic cylinder to be controlled.
[0010] Preferably, the mixing and slow-flowing unit is provided with a connecting cylinder, which is threaded onto the two delivery pipe ports to combine the two delivery pipes. The delivery pipes are provided with a mixing module inside, and the mixing module is provided with two openings, wherein hydraulic oil in the delivery pipes can be input through one opening and hydraulic oil in the energy storage tank can be input through the other opening and then mixed.
[0011] Preferably, the mixing and slowing unit is provided with a retainer installed in the port of the delivery pipe. The retainer is a hollow annular structure. The mixing module is provided with a mixing cylinder, which is held in place in the hollow position of the retainer. The port of the mixing cylinder is folded to prevent the mixing cylinder from passing through the hollow of the retainer. The retainer is provided with two clamping plates inside, and multiple partition plates are provided between the two clamping plates. The partition plates can be used to fix the clamping plates inside the mixing cylinder for an interference fit. Two sets of slowing plates are evenly provided on both sides of the partition plates. The partition plates divide the mixing cylinder into two openings, which can be opening number one and opening number two. The projection on the baffle plate is a T-shaped structure, with two sets of flow-damping plates symmetrically distributed. The gap between two adjacent baffle plates is divided into two mixing chambers, A and B, by the flow-damping plates. The hydraulic oil output from the oil pump enters through the No. 1 opening and flows along the gap of the flow-damping plate. It can also enter from mixing chamber A and exit from mixing chamber A through the No. 2 opening to mix with the hydraulic oil output from the energy storage tank. At the same time, the hydraulic oil output from the energy storage tank can enter through the No. 2 opening and flow along the gap of the flow-damping plate. It can also enter from mixing chamber B and exit from mixing chamber B through the No. 1 opening to mix with the hydraulic oil output from the oil pump. By mixing the hydraulic oil output from the energy storage tank and the hydraulic oil output from the oil pump, hydraulic pressure balance is ensured.
[0012] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected inside the delivery pipe, which divides the inside of the delivery pipe into two cavities. One cavity connects the second opening to the energy storage tank, and the other cavity connects the first opening to the oil pump output end. When the hydraulic pressure of the oil pump fluctuates downward, it can depressurize the energy storage tank along the first opening to the second opening.
[0013] Preferably, the side of the fixing frame is equipped with an adjustment unit, which can be used to fix the fixing frame on the slope when the fixing frame is located on the slope.
[0014] Preferably, the adjustment unit is provided with an assembly frame, which is detachably mounted on a fixed frame. A sleeve is fixedly mounted on the assembly frame, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted inside the sleeve. An extension block is rotatably mounted inside the rotating sleeve. A pulling hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the assembly frame. A steel cable is fixedly connected between the output end of the pulling hydraulic cylinder and the extension block. When the pulling hydraulic cylinder retracts, the steel cable is tightened to rotate the extension block out of the rotating sleeve, and at the same time, the rotating sleeve rotates out of the sleeve. A locking unit is provided between the sleeve and the rotating sleeve. The locking unit can be used to support the opening rotating sleeve to limit the angle between the rotating sleeve and the sleeve. A reversing frame wheel is installed at the upper end of the sleeve, and the steel cable can pass through the reversing frame wheel. A pin can be externally connected to the port of the sleeve, so that the pin is driven into the ground to fix the fixed frame on the ground to adapt to the slope.
[0015] Preferably, the locking unit is provided with a guide groove on the rotating sleeve, and a hinge arm is rotatably mounted inside the sleeve. A track block is mounted at one end of the hinge arm, and the track block can slide along the guide groove.
[0016] Preferably, the locking unit has a storage groove on the surface of the rotating sleeve, and a slot is formed in the bottom wall of the storage groove. A limit block is rotatably mounted on the surface of the hinge arm, and the limit block can be inserted into the slot. A through groove is formed on the surface of the hinge arm, and a pull spring is provided inside the through groove. One end of the pull spring is fixed to the limit block, and the other end of the pull spring is fixed to the hinge arm. The spring force of the pull spring can be used to pull the limit block to lock it in the slot. The slot is opened at an angle, and the end of the limit block is tilted to lock into the slot, so that the limit block can lock into the slot and prevent the rotating sleeve from rotating when the rotating sleeve is opened.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0018] 1. In this invention, multiple sets of energy storage units arranged in parallel can dynamically and bidirectionally regulate the pressure fluctuations of the hydraulic system. When the oil pressure rises, it absorbs pressure peaks, preventing damage to hydraulic pipelines, sealing elements, and oil pumps caused by high-pressure impacts. When the oil pressure drops, it replenishes pressure to fill the valleys, eliminating the crawling and jamming problems of the drive hydraulic cylinder and ensuring the smoothness of drilling feed. At the same time, the pneumatic energy storage structure can recover excess hydraulic energy from the system and release it when needed, significantly reducing the useless energy consumption of the hydraulic system. This adapts to the working conditions of frequent load changes during downhole drilling and improves the continuous working reliability of the hydraulic system.
[0019] 2. In this invention, the convection mixing structure of the mixing and slowing unit ensures that the pressure oil output from the oil pump and the pressure oil output from the energy storage unit are fully convected and mixed along the flow channel formed by the slowing plate in the mixing cylinder. This eliminates the pressure difference between the two oil streams, ensuring that the oil pressure entering the drive hydraulic cylinder is uniform and stable. This avoids problems such as uneven hole diameter and hole position deviation caused by pressure fluctuations during drilling. Combined with the radial limiting effect of the guide frame on the drill rod, it effectively suppresses the radial runout of the drill rod, ensuring the coaxiality and forming accuracy of the borehole, and meeting the installation requirements of the anchor bolt support.
[0020] 3. In this invention, the adjusting units on both sides of the fixed frame allow the rotating sleeve and extension block to be quickly deployed by pulling the hydraulic cylinder, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary fixing supports. This adapts to different slope operation scenarios underground, significantly expanding the applicable site range of the device. Simultaneously, the reverse self-locking structure formed by the limiting block and the inclined slot automatically locks the angle after the support is deployed, restricting the reverse rotation of the rotating sleeve and forming a stable triangular support structure. This effectively avoids the risk of slippage and overturning of the entire machine during drilling operations, greatly improving operational safety under complex mining conditions.
[0021] 4. In this invention, the bottom moving wheels enable rapid relocation and positioning within the mine, and the adjustment unit enables rapid unfolding and resetting, eliminating the need for complex disassembly and assembly operations and significantly reducing the time spent on pre-operation preparation and post-operation cleanup.
[0022] 5. In this invention, the overall structure adopts a modular design, and each functional unit is easy to disassemble and assemble, which facilitates daily maintenance and fault repair underground, can meet the needs of continuous drilling operations for anchor bolt support in the mine, and greatly improves the construction efficiency of anchor bolt support. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support;
[0024] Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of another angle of the drilling device for mine anchor support.
[0025] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the adjustment unit in a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support;
[0026] Figure 4 This invention proposes a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;
[0027] Figure 5 This invention provides a partial schematic diagram of the energy storage unit in a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support.
[0028] Figure 6 This invention proposes a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support. Figure 5 Partial disassembly diagram;
[0029] Figure 7 This invention provides a partial schematic diagram of the clamping plate in a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support.
[0030] Figure 8 This invention provides a formal drawing of a mixed slow-flow unit in a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support;
[0031] Figure 9 The following is a rear view of a mixing and slowing flow unit in a drilling device for mine anchor support, as proposed in this invention.
[0032] Legend: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Conveying track; 3. Sliding plate; 4. Drive hydraulic cylinder; 5. Drilling motor; 6. Drill rod; 7. Moving wheel; 8. Guide frame; 9. Assembly frame; 10. Hydraulic station; 11. Oil pump; 12. Energy storage module; 121. Energy storage unit; 1211. Energy storage tank; 1212. Cover; 1213. Airbag; 1221. Conveying pipe; 1222. Connecting cylinder; 1223. Card holder; 1224. Clamping plate; 1225. Mixing cylinder ; 1226, Isolation plate; 1227, Flow buffer plate; 13, Adjustment unit; 131, Assembly frame; 132, Jacket; 133, Rotating sleeve; 134, Extension block; 135, Insert pin; 136, Reversing frame wheel; 137, Steel cable; 138, Pulling hydraulic cylinder; 139, Storage slot; 1310, Guide slot; 1311, Track block; 1312, Articulated arm; 1313, Slot; 1314, Limiting block; 1315, Through slot; 1316, Pulling spring. Detailed Implementation
[0033] Example 1, as Figure 1-9As shown, a drilling device for mine anchor bolt support includes a fixed frame 1 serving as the base for the entire machine. The bottom of the fixed frame 1 is equipped with moving wheels 7 for shifting the entire machine. The fixed frame 1 can be moved on the ground of the coal mine roadway via the moving wheels 7 to adjust the drilling position. A conveying rail 2 extending horizontally along the drilling feed direction is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the fixed frame 1. A sliding plate 3 for supporting the drilling power component is slidably mounted on the upper part of the conveying rail 2. A drive hydraulic cylinder 4 for providing feed power is fixedly installed at one end of the conveying rail 2. The piston rod extension end of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the end face of the sliding plate 3. The drive hydraulic cylinder 4 can drive the sliding plate 3 to perform linear reciprocating feed and retraction movements along the axial direction of the conveying rail 2. A drilling motor 5 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sliding plate 3. The drilling motor 5 is a mine-use explosion-proof asynchronous motor. The output end of the drilling motor 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to a drill rod 6 for drilling operations. A guide frame 8 is fixedly installed at the end of the conveying track 2 away from the driving hydraulic cylinder 4. The rod body of the drill rod 6 passes coaxially through the guide hole of the guide frame 8. The drilling motor 5 can drive the drill rod 6 to perform a rotary cutting motion, which, together with the feed motion of the sliding plate 3, completes the drilling operation of the roadway rock wall. An assembly frame 9 is also fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed frame 1. The assembly frame 9 is located on one side of the conveying track 2. A hydraulic station 10 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the assembly frame 9. The oil outlet of the hydraulic station 10 is connected to an oil pump 11 for providing hydraulic power. An energy storage module 12 for balancing the oil circuit pressure is installed at the upper end of the hydraulic station 10. The oil outlet pipeline of the oil pump 11 is connected to the control oil port of the driving hydraulic cylinder 4 after passing through the energy storage module 12, providing stable hydraulic power for the operation of the driving hydraulic cylinder 4. At least two rollers are rotatably mounted on both the left and right edges of the sliding plate 3. Track grooves extending axially along the conveying track 2 are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the conveying track 2 corresponding to the positions of the rollers. The rollers are engaged with the corresponding track grooves on the same side. The sliding plate 3 can slide linearly along the conveying track 2 with low resistance through the rolling cooperation between the rollers and the track grooves. The energy storage module 12 includes multiple parallel energy storage units 121. Each energy storage unit 121 includes a horizontally arranged energy storage tank 1211. An elastically expandable airbag 1213 is provided in the internal cavity of the energy storage tank 1211. The air inlet of the airbag 1213 extends to the outside of the energy storage tank 1211 through a one-way valve. High-pressure nitrogen can be injected into the airbag 1213 through the one-way valve, causing the airbag 1213 to fill the internal cavity of the energy storage tank 1211. The open end of the energy storage tank 1211 is fixedly installed with a cover 1212 through a flange structure. The cover 1212 and the energy storage tank 1211 enclose a sealed oil storage chamber. The oil outlet pipeline of the oil pump 11 is connected in parallel with the oil storage chamber of each energy storage unit 121. Under normal conditions, the pressure oil output by the oil pump 11 can enter the oil storage chamber to compress the volume of the air bladder 1213, so that the nitrogen pressure inside the air bladder 1213 increases synchronously with the hydraulic pressure of the oil circuit.When the oil circuit pressure fluctuates and increases, the pressurized oil can continue to enter the oil reservoir to further compress the airbag 1213, absorbing the pressure peak of the oil circuit and avoiding damage to the hydraulic pipeline caused by high pressure impact. When the oil circuit pressure fluctuates and decreases, the high-pressure nitrogen inside the airbag 1213 pushes the airbag 1213 to expand, squeezing the pressurized oil inside the oil reservoir into the oil circuit, replenishing the oil circuit pressure and filling the pressure trough, thus avoiding increased operating energy consumption due to insufficient hydraulic pressure. The energy storage module 12 also includes multiple delivery pipes 1221. One end of each delivery pipe 1221 is fixedly connected to the cover 1212 of the corresponding energy storage unit 121. The multiple delivery pipes 1221 are connected in sequence through a mixing and slowing flow unit to form a complete pressure-stabilizing oil circuit. One end of the pressure-stabilizing oil circuit is connected to the oil inlet of the oil pump 11, and the other end of the pressure-stabilizing oil circuit is connected to the oil return port of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4. When the oil circuit pressure decreases, the pressure oil output by each energy storage unit 121 can enter the mixing and slowing flow unit through the delivery pipes 1221, and after mixing and stabilizing, it flows into the oil circuit to ensure the uniform and stable oil circuit pressure. The mixing and slow-flow unit includes a connecting cylinder 1222. The two ends of the connecting cylinder 1222 are threadedly connected to the docking ports of two adjacent conveying pipes 1221, respectively, so that the two conveying pipes 1221 are coaxially connected into one unit. The docking end of the conveying pipe 1221 is provided with a mixing module for mixing the two oils. The mixing module has two independent oil inlet openings. One oil inlet opening is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 11, and the other oil inlet opening is connected to the oil storage chamber of the energy storage tank 1211. The two pressure oils can enter the mixing module through the two oil inlet openings respectively to complete the mixing and pressure stabilization. The mixing and slow-flow unit also includes a retainer 1223 fixedly embedded inside the docking end of the delivery pipe 1221. The retainer 1223 is a hollow annular structure. The mixing module includes a mixing cylinder 1225 coaxially fitted into the hollow cavity of the retainer 1223. The two ends of the mixing cylinder 1225 are folded outward to form limiting flanges, which abut against the end face of the retainer 1223 to restrict the mixing cylinder 1225 from moving axially. Two circular clamping plates 1224 are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the mixing cylinder 1225. Multiple isolation plates 1226 are evenly fixed between the two clamping plates 1224 along the circumference of the mixing cylinder 1225. The isolation plates 1226 divide the cavity of the mixing cylinder 1225 into two independent openings, namely the No. 1 opening connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 11 and the No. 2 opening connected to the oil storage cavity of the energy storage tank 1211. Each isolation plate 1226 has a set of flow-retarding plates 1227 fixed on both sides of the plate. The projection of the two sets of flow-retarding plates 1227 on the isolation plate 1226 is T-shaped, and the two sets of flow-retarding plates 1227 are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the isolation plate 1226. The gap between two adjacent isolation plates 1226 is divided into mixing chamber A and mixing chamber B by the flow-retarding plates 1227.The pressurized oil output from the oil pump 11 enters the mixing cylinder 1225 through the first opening, flows along the gap between the flow buffer plates 1227, passes through the A mixing chamber, and is output from the A mixing chamber through the second opening, mixing with the pressurized oil output from the energy storage tank 1211. The pressurized oil output from the energy storage tank 1211 enters the mixing cylinder 1225 through the second opening, flows along the gap between the flow buffer plates 1227, passes through the B mixing chamber, and is output from the B mixing chamber through the first opening, mixing with the pressurized oil output from the oil pump 11. The two pressurized oils achieve pressure balance through convection mixing, eliminating pressure fluctuations in the oil circuit. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the conveying pipe 1221. The guide plate extends along the axial direction of the conveying pipe 1221, dividing the inner cavity of the conveying pipe 1221 into two independent flow channels that are not connected to each other. The two ends of one flow channel are connected to the No. 2 opening and the oil storage chamber of the energy storage tank 1211, respectively. The two ends of the other flow channel are connected to the No. 1 opening and the oil outlet of the oil pump 11, respectively. When the hydraulic pressure output by the oil pump 11 increases instantaneously, the high-pressure oil can be depressurized through the No. 1 opening and the No. 2 opening to the oil storage chamber of the energy storage tank 1211, thereby achieving rapid absorption of the pressure peak. Adjustment units 13 are installed on both the left and right side walls of the fixed frame 1. When the fixed frame 1 is operating on the slope of the roadway, the fixed frame 1 can be supported and fixed on the slope through the adjustment units 13 to ensure the stability of the whole machine during the drilling operation. The adjustment unit 13 includes an assembly frame 131 that is detachably fixed to the side wall of the fixed frame 1. A sleeve 132 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the assembly frame 131. A rotating sleeve 133 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the sleeve 132. An extension block 134 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the rotating sleeve 133. A pulling hydraulic cylinder 138 is fixedly installed inside the upper end of the assembly frame 131. A reversing frame wheel 136 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sleeve 132. A steel cable 137 is fixedly connected to the piston rod extension end of the pulling hydraulic cylinder 138. After the steel cable 137 passes around the reversing frame wheel 136, its end is fixedly connected to the extension block 134. A locking unit for locking the unfolding angle is also provided between the sleeve 132 and the rotating sleeve 133. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 138 retracts, the steel cable 137 is tightened and pulls the extension block 134 out of the inner cavity of the rotating sleeve 133. At the same time, the rotating sleeve 133 is driven to rotate out of the inner cavity of the clamp 132, completing the unfolding action of the support arm. After unfolding into place, the locking unit can lock the relative angle between the rotating sleeve 133 and the clamp 132, restricting the rotation of the rotating sleeve 133. The locking unit includes a guide groove 1310 formed on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 133 along the axial direction. A hinge arm 1312 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the clamp 132. A track block 1311 is rotatably mounted on the free end of the hinge arm 1312. The track block 1311 is embedded in the guide groove 1310 and can slide along the axial direction of the guide groove 1310. When the rotating sleeve 133 rotates and unfolds relative to the clamp 132, the track block 1311 slides along the guide groove 1310, causing the hinge arm 1312 to swing synchronously, providing guidance and limiting for the rotation of the rotating sleeve 133.The locking unit also includes a storage groove 139 on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 133. The bottom wall of the storage groove 139 has multiple inclined slots 1313. A limit block 1314 is rotatably mounted on the plate surface of the hinge arm 1312. The end of the limit block 1314 can be inserted into the inside of the slot 1313. A through groove 1315 is provided on the plate surface of the hinge arm 1312. A pull spring 1316 is provided inside the through groove 1315. One end of the pull spring 1316 is fixedly connected to the limit block 1314, and the other end of the pull spring 1316 is fixedly connected to the hinge arm 1312. The tilting direction of the slot 1313 is opposite to the unfolding rotation direction of the rotating sleeve 133. The insertion end of the limiting block 1314 is an inclined structure adapted to the slot 1313. When the rotating sleeve 133 is unfolded into place, the elastic force of the pull spring 1316 pulls the limiting block 1314 into the slot 1313 at the corresponding position, preventing the rotating sleeve 133 from rotating in the opposite direction, thus achieving self-locking in the unfolded state.
[0034] Working principle: Before drilling, the operator first moves the entire machine to the pre-set anchor bolt drilling point in the coal mine roadway using the movable wheels 7 at the bottom of the fixed frame 1. The orientation of the machine is adjusted so that the axis of the drill rod 6 is perpendicular to the rock wall to be drilled. The locking structure of the movable wheels 7 completes the initial positioning and fixing of the machine. When the machine cannot maintain a horizontal and stable position on the roadway slope, the pulling hydraulic cylinder 138 inside the assembly frame 131 is activated, controlling the piston rod of the pulling hydraulic cylinder 138 to retract. When the piston rod of the pulling hydraulic cylinder 138 retracts, it pulls the steel cable 137 fixed to it. The steel cable 137 changes the direction of tension through the reversing frame wheel 136 at the upper end of the jacket 132, converting the axial tension into radial rotational force. This first pulls the extension block 134 outward from the inner cavity of the rotating sleeve 133 around its hinge point with the rotating sleeve 133. When the extension block 134 rotates to the limiting position of the rotating sleeve 133, the continuously taut steel cable 137 will drive the rotating sleeve 133 to rotate outward from the inner cavity of the clamp 132 around its hinge point with the clamp 132, completing the deployment of the support arm. During the rotation of the rotating sleeve 133, the track block 1311 at the end of the hinge arm 1312 will slide axially along the guide groove 1310 on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 133, causing the hinge arm 1312 to swing synchronously with the rotation of the rotating sleeve 133, providing full-range guidance for the rotation of the rotating sleeve 133 and preventing the rotating sleeve 133 from jamming or swaying. When the rotating sleeve 133 rotates to the target support position that matches the slope angle, the limiting block 1314 on the hinge arm 1312 will rotate around its hinge point and engage in the corresponding slot 1313 on the bottom wall of the storage groove 139 of the rotating sleeve 133 under the elastic force of the tension spring 1316. The inclination direction of the slot 1313 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating sleeve 133. The insertion end of the limiting block 1314 is an inclined structure adapted to the slot 1313. After being inserted, it forms a reverse self-locking structure to prevent the rotating sleeve 133 from rotating in the opposite direction, so that the adjusting unit 13 forms a stable triangular support structure to firmly fix the whole machine on the slope, avoiding slippage or overturning of the whole machine during drilling operations. After the whole machine is fixed, the hydraulic station 10 and oil pump 11 are started first to establish a stable basic working pressure in the hydraulic system. Then, the drilling motor 5 at the upper end of the sliding plate 3 is started. The output shaft of the drilling motor 5 drives the drill rod 6 to rotate at a uniform speed. At this time, the drill rod 6 passes through the guide hole of the guide frame 8. The guide frame 8 restricts the radial wobble of the drill rod 6 to ensure the coaxiality of the rotation of the drill rod 6. After the drill rod 6 has rotated and stabilized, the control oil pump 11 supplies oil to the rodless chamber of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4. The piston rod of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4 extends under the pressure of the oil, pushing the sliding plate 3 fixed thereto to move forward along the axial direction of the conveying track 2. The rollers on both sides of the sliding plate 3 engage in the track grooves of the conveying track 2, converting the sliding friction of the sliding plate 3 into the rolling friction of the rollers to ensure the smoothness of the sliding plate 3's feeding action. The sliding plate 3 drives the drilling motor 5 to move forward synchronously with the rotating drill rod 6, so that the front end of the drill rod 6 contacts the tunnel wall.The drill rod 6 continuously rotates and cuts, combined with the feed action, to form a borehole on the rock wall that meets the requirements for anchor bolt installation. Once the drilling depth reaches the design requirements for anchor bolt support, the control oil pump 11 switches the oil supply circuit to supply oil to the rod chamber of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4. The piston rod of the drive hydraulic cylinder 4 retracts, pulling the sliding plate 3 backward along the conveying track 2, causing the drill rod 6 to smoothly exit from the formed borehole until the sliding plate 3 returns to its initial standby position. Then, the drilling motor 5 is turned off, completing a single anchor bolt drilling operation. Throughout the entire hydraulic system operation, the energy storage module 12 and the hybrid flow control unit dynamically adjust the oil pressure throughout the process, ensuring stable system pressure and reducing operational energy consumption. When the system is in normal operating condition, the oil pump 11 outputs stable pressure oil. Part of the pressure oil enters the control port of the hydraulic cylinder 4 to drive the hydraulic cylinder 4 to complete the feed and retraction actions. The other part of the pressure oil enters the oil storage chamber of each energy storage unit 121 through the parallel oil circuit, compressing the air bladder 1213 in the energy storage tank 1211. This keeps the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen gas inside the air bladder 1213 in dynamic balance with the pressure of the system oil circuit. At this time, the energy storage unit 121 is in an energy storage standby state. When the system is in a condition of pressure rise and fluctuation, when the drill pipe 6 encounters hard rock, causing a sudden change in load, or when the oil pump 11 reverses or the system impact causes a momentary increase in oil circuit pressure, the high-pressure oil will preferentially enter the oil storage chamber of the energy storage unit 121 to further compress the air bladder 1213. The compressibility of the nitrogen gas inside the air bladder 1213 is used to absorb the excess pressure energy of the system, quickly reducing the system pressure peak and avoiding high-pressure impact damage to hydraulic pipelines, sealing elements and the oil pump 11 body. Simultaneously, high-pressure oil enters the mixing cylinder 1225 through the first opening from the first opening of the mixing cylinder 1225 via the first flow channel separated by the guide plate inside the delivery pipe 1221. It then flows along the gaps between the flow damping plates 1227 through the A mixing chamber to the second opening, finally entering the oil storage chamber of the energy storage tank 1211 to achieve stable pressure relief. When the system is in a pressure reduction and fluctuation condition, if the drill pipe 6 penetrates the rock wall, causing a sudden loss of load and a change in the oil circuit, resulting in an instantaneous pressure drop, the high-pressure nitrogen inside the airbag 1213 will push the airbag 1213 to expand rapidly, squeezing the pressurized oil stored in the oil storage chamber into the system oil circuit. This quickly replenishes the system's pressure loss, filling the pressure trough and ensuring that the feed speed of the driving hydraulic cylinder 4 is stable, preventing crawling or jamming due to insufficient pressure. Simultaneously, the pressurized oil output from the energy storage tank 1211 enters the mixing cylinder 1225 through the second flow channel separated by the guide plate inside the delivery pipe 1221, and flows along the gap between the flow buffer plates 1227 through the B mixing chamber to the first opening. During the pressure regulation process, the pressurized oil output from the oil pump 11 and the pressurized oil output from the energy storage unit 121 will form a convective flow in the mixing cylinder 1225 through the two mixing chambers A and B. The flow buffer plates 1227 extend the flow path of the oil, allowing the two oils with different pressures to mix fully, eliminating the pressure difference of the oil and ensuring that the oil pressure entering the drive hydraulic cylinder 4 is uniform and stable.The guide plate separates the flow channels of the two oil lines, preventing interference between the pressure relief and pressure replenishment actions and ensuring the continuity of the pressure stabilization process. After all anchor bolt drilling operations are completed, first turn off the drilling motor 5 and wait for the drill rod 6 to completely stop rotating, then turn off the oil pump 11 and hydraulic station 10 to release the residual pressure in the hydraulic system. Then, manually lift the limit block 1314 upwards to disengage it from the slot 1313, releasing the reverse self-locking of the rotating sleeve 133. Next, control the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 138 to extend and loosen the taut steel cable 137. The rotating sleeve 133 and the extension block 134 will rotate in opposite directions under their own gravity, respectively retracting into the inner cavities of the jacket 132 and the rotating sleeve 133, completing the reset and storage of the adjustment unit 13. Finally, release the locking structure of the moving wheel 7 and push the entire machine to the designated storage location in the roadway to complete the entire anchor bolt drilling operation.
[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to create equivalent embodiments applicable to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.
Claims
1. A drilling device for mine anchor bolt support, comprising a fixing frame (1), characterized in that: The fixed frame (1) can be moved and adjusted on the ground by means of the movable wheels (7). A conveying rail (2) is installed on the upper end of the fixed frame (1). A driving hydraulic cylinder (4) is installed on the conveying rail (2). The driving hydraulic cylinder (4) can drive the sliding plate (3) to slide along the conveying rail (2). A drilling motor (5) is installed on the upper end of the sliding plate (3). The drilling motor (5) can drive the drill rod (6) to drill holes to facilitate the later installation of anchor rods. An assembly frame (9) is installed on the fixed frame (1). A hydraulic station (10) is installed on the assembly frame (9). An energy storage module (12) is installed on the upper end of the hydraulic station (10). The energy storage module (12) can temporarily store hydraulic oil pressure to balance pressure and reduce energy consumption. The hydraulic station (10) outputs hydraulic oil through the energy storage unit (121) by means of an oil pump (11). The oil pump (11) provides hydraulic pressure to the drive hydraulic cylinder (4). A guide frame (8) is installed on the surface of the conveying track (2). The drill rod (6) passes through the guide frame (8).
2. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module (12) is provided with multiple energy storage units (121), which are connected in parallel. Each energy storage unit (121) includes an energy storage tank (1211), and an airbag (1213) is installed inside the energy storage tank (1211). The inlet of the airbag (1213) extends out of the energy storage tank (1211) via a one-way valve, allowing high-pressure nitrogen gas to be injected into the airbag (1213) along the one-way valve to fill the airbag (1213). Energy storage tank (1211), the port of which is fitted with a cover (1212) via a flange, the cover (1212) and the energy storage tank (1211) form a complete container, wherein the output end of the oil pump (11) is connected in parallel with the complete container, and under normal conditions, the pressure at the output end of the oil pump (11) pumps hydraulic oil into the complete container to compress the volume of the air bladder (1213), and the volume of the air bladder (1213) is compressed to increase the pressure of nitrogen inside the air bladder (1213).
3. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage module (12) is provided with multiple delivery pipes (1221), which are connected to the caps (1212) of multiple energy storage units (121) respectively. The multiple delivery pipes (1221) are connected to each other through a mixing and slowing unit to form a complete pipeline. The complete pipeline is connected to the input end of the oil pump (11). When the hydraulic pressure in the delivery pipe (1221) decreases, the hydraulic oil sent out from the energy storage unit (121) can be mixed through the mixing and slowing unit to ensure pressure balance. The other end of the complete pipeline is connected to the drive hydraulic cylinder (4) to be controlled.
4. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing and slow-flow unit is provided with a connecting cylinder (1222), which is threaded onto the ports of two conveying pipes (1221) to combine the two conveying pipes (1221). The conveying pipes (1221) are provided with a mixing module inside, which has two openings. Hydraulic oil in the conveying pipes (1221) can be input through one opening, and hydraulic oil in the energy storage tank (1211) can be input through the other opening and then mixed.
5. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing and slow-flow unit is provided with a retainer (1223) installed in the port of the delivery pipe (1221). The retainer (1223) is a hollow annular structure. The mixing module is provided with a mixing cylinder (1225). The mixing cylinder (1225) is clamped in the hollow position of the retainer (1223). The port of the mixing cylinder (1225) is folded to prevent the mixing cylinder (1225) from passing through the hollow of the retainer (1223). The retainer (1223) is provided with two clamping plates (1224) inside. Between the two clamping plates (1224) is a... Multiple isolation plates (1226) are provided, and the clamping plate (1224) can be fixed and supported inside the mixing cylinder (1225) by interference fit using the isolation plates (1226). Two sets of flow-retarding plates (1227) are evenly arranged on both sides of the isolation plate (1226). The isolation plate (1226) divides the mixing cylinder (1225) into two openings, which can be opening No. 1 and opening No.
2. The two sets of flow-retarding plates (1227) are projected into a T-shaped structure on the isolation plate (1226), and the two sets of flow-retarding plates (1227) are symmetrically distributed.
6. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The delivery pipe (1221) is fixedly connected to a guide plate, which divides the inside of the delivery pipe (1221) into two cavities. One cavity connects the second opening to the energy storage tank (1211), and the other cavity connects the first opening to the output end of the oil pump (11). When the hydraulic pressure of the oil pump (11) fluctuates downward, it can depressurize the energy storage tank (1211) along the first opening to the second opening.
7. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment unit (13) is installed on the side of the fixed frame (1). When the fixed frame (1) is located on a slope, the adjustment unit (13) can be used to support the fixed frame (1) on the slope for fixation.
8. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment unit (13) is provided with an assembly frame (131), which is detachably mounted on the fixed frame (1). A sleeve (132) is fixedly mounted on the assembly frame (131). A rotating sleeve (133) is rotatably mounted inside the sleeve (132). An extension block (134) is rotatably mounted inside the rotating sleeve (133). A pulling hydraulic cylinder (138) is installed inside the assembly frame (131). The pulling hydraulic cylinder (138) outputs... A steel cable (137) is fixedly connected between the end and the extension block (134). When the hydraulic cylinder (138) is pulled to retract, the steel cable (137) is tightened to rotate the extension block (134) out of the rotating sleeve (133) and at the same time, the rotating sleeve (133) rotates out of the clamp (132). A locking unit is provided between the clamp (132) and the rotating sleeve (133). The locking unit can be used to support the open rotating sleeve (133) to limit the angle between the rotating sleeve (133) and the clamp (132).
9. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking unit is provided with a guide groove (1310) on the rotating sleeve (133). A hinge arm (1312) is rotatably installed inside the sleeve (132). A track block (1311) is installed at one end of the hinge arm (1312). The track block (1311) can slide along the guide groove (1310).
10. The drilling device for mine anchor bolt support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The locking unit has a storage groove (139) on the surface of the rotating sleeve (133), and a slot (1313) is formed on the bottom wall of the storage groove (139). A limit block (1314) is rotatably mounted on the surface of the hinge arm (1312), and the limit block (1314) can be inserted into the slot (1313). A through groove (1315) is formed on the surface of the hinge arm (1312), and a pull spring (1316) is provided inside the through groove (1315). One end is fixed to the limiting block (1314), and the other end of the pull spring (1316) is fixed to the hinge arm (1312). The elastic force of the pull spring (1316) can be used to pull the limiting block (1314) to make it lock in the slot (1313). The slot (1313) is opened at an angle. The port of the limiting block (1314) is tilted to lock into the slot (1313) so that when the rotating sleeve (133) is opened, the limiting block (1314) can be locked into the slot (1313) and prevent the rotating sleeve (133) from rotating.