A reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction

Abstract

This invention discloses a reversible hydraulic thruster for oil extraction, comprising a stator housing, a rotor rotatably connected to the center of the inner cavity of the stator housing, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the stator housing, a lower interface sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod, an annular groove I being formed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface, a directional adjustment mechanism for adjusting the direction of the lower interface being provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove I, and an annular groove II being formed in the outer wall of the middle part of the connecting rod, a drive mechanism for driving the directional adjustment mechanism to rotate being provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove II. This invention uses high-pressure mud to drive the rotor to rotate, allowing the drill bit to rotate independently even when the drill string is stationary. It provides sufficient thrust for both vertical and horizontal drilling, ensuring stable and reliable drilling power. It can achieve precise directional changes of the drill bit at an angle of 1° to 3°, with flexible directional changes. Horizontal wells can be drilled in multiple directions from the bottom of a single vertical shaft, significantly expanding the extraction range and saving drilling costs and manpower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction equipment technology, specifically a reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic propulsion, driven by water power, has advantages such as environmental protection, high efficiency, and low noise, making it a key research and development direction for drilling tools and attracting widespread attention in the industry. Modern engineering technology continues to raise the requirements for high efficiency, precision, and safety in drilling and excavation. Traditional drilling methods can no longer meet the needs of geological exploration, mineral development, tunnel construction, and other fields, making the development of high-performance new propulsion devices an urgent task.

[0003] Existing technologies have insufficient drilling capacity, limited speed and depth of penetration into the formation, making them difficult to adapt to special projects and complex geological environments, resulting in significant application shortcomings. Furthermore, during oil drilling and extraction, hydraulic thrusters can only propel the drill bit forward in a single direction. When multiple horizontal oil wells need to be drilled at the bottom of a vertical shaft, the drill pipe and hydraulic thruster must be rotated simultaneously to adjust the drill bit's direction, which is difficult and time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A reversible hydraulic thruster for oil extraction includes a stator housing. A rotor is rotatably connected to the center of the inner cavity of the stator housing. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the stator housing. A lower interface is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod. An annular groove is formed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface. A reversing mechanism for adjusting and reversing the lower interface is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove. An annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the middle part of the connecting rod. A driving mechanism for driving the reversing mechanism to rotate is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove. When the driving mechanism drives the reversing mechanism to rotate synchronously horizontally, the lower interface shifts to one side.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: an upper interface is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the stator housing, and a thread is provided on the top of the inner cavity of the upper interface; an mounting plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the stator housing; a rotor is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting plate; a universal joint is drivenly connected to the middle of the lower end of the rotor; the upper end of the universal joint is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the stator housing; a transmission rod is drivenly connected to the lower end of the universal joint; and a drill bit is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission rod away from the universal joint.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: a sealing ring is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the annular groove one; the inner cavity sidewall of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the connecting rod; the outer wall of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the lower interface; a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the connecting rod; a positioning groove is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface; the position of the positioning groove corresponds to the positioning ring; and the positioning groove is located below the annular groove one.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the height of the positioning groove is greater than the height of the positioning ring, the width of the positioning groove is greater than the width of the positioning ring, the side of the positioning ring away from the connecting rod is located in the inner cavity of the positioning groove, a sealing gasket is fixedly connected between the upper end of the positioning ring and the top of the inner cavity of the positioning groove, and a sealing gasket is fixedly connected between the lower end of the positioning ring and the bottom of the inner cavity of the positioning groove.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the driving mechanism includes a transmission ring, which is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the annular groove two. A toothed ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission ring. A servo motor is connected to the connection between the connecting rod and the positioning ring. The output end of the servo motor passes through the bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove two and is fixedly connected to a gear. The gear meshes with the toothed ring.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the steering mechanism includes a driven ring, the driven ring is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the transmission ring, an annular base plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the driven ring away from the transmission ring, a driven plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the driven ring, the top of the driven plate is aligned with the top of the driven ring, and the bottom of the annular base plate is aligned with the bottom of the driven ring.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: a symmetrical arc-shaped block is fixedly connected to the inner cavity sidewall of the annular groove one, the top of the arc-shaped block is aligned with the top of the transmission ring, and the vertical height of the arc-shaped block is the same as the vertical height of the driven plate.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the lower end of the driven ring, and symmetrical electric push rods are provided below the driven ring. The lower side of the electric push rod is connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the positioning ring. The straight distance between the center of the electric push rod and the center of the connecting rod is greater than the straight distance between the center of the servo motor and the center of the connecting rod. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the upper end of the positioning ring and is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped rod. The arc-shaped rod is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sliding groove.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a symmetrical guide rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the transmission ring, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the driven ring, the guide rod is vertically slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide groove, and the upper part of the inner cavity of the annular groove is elastically connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod by a symmetrical return spring. The position and number of the return springs correspond to the arc-shaped block, and the return spring is located above the arc-shaped block.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: a symmetrical limiting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove, a limiting groove is opened in the middle of the lower end of the annular base plate, a symmetrical inclined surface is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the limiting groove, an arc-shaped edge is opened at the top of the limiting block, and the position of the limiting block corresponds to the position of the limiting groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: High-pressure mud drives the rotor, allowing the drill bit to rotate independently even when the drill string is stationary. It provides ample propulsion for both vertical and horizontal drilling, ensuring stable and reliable drilling power. It enables precise drill bit reversal angles of 1°–3°, allowing for the drilling of horizontal wells in multiple directions from the bottom of a single vertical shaft, significantly expanding the mining area and saving drilling costs and manpower. Multiple flexible sealing structures effectively prevent mud intrusion, ensuring stable operation of the reversing and drive mechanisms, with excellent sealing and positioning effects. A servo motor, in conjunction with a position sensor, achieves precise reversing, while an electric push rod provides clutch control, offering flexible reversing, rapid reset, and convenient operation. Offset and reset states are locked by engagement and locking structures, resisting drilling vibration interference and ensuring stable operation. Mud can simultaneously carry out drilling debris, and a universal joint compensates for angular deviations, ensuring stable transmission under complex conditions and strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of area A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of area B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the orientation mechanism in this invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the driven ring in this invention.

[0024] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of area C.

[0025] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of region D in the middle.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Stator housing; 2. Upper interface; 3. Lower interface; 4. Drill bit; 5. Universal joint; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Rotor; 8. Transmission rod; 9. Sealing ring; 10. Positioning groove; 11. Positioning ring; 12. Sealing gasket one; 13. Sealing gasket two; 14. Annular groove one; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Transmission ring; 17. Driven ring; 18. Servo motor; 19. Gear; 20. Gear ring; 21. Electric push rod; 22. Arc block; 23. Driven plate; 24. Annular base plate; 25. Sliding groove; 26. Limiting groove; 27. Limiting block; 28. Arc rod; 29. ​​Guide rod; 30. Guide groove; 31. Annular groove two; 32. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Please see Figure 1-3 In this embodiment of the invention, a reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction includes a stator housing 1. A rotor 7 is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the stator housing 1. A connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the stator housing 1. A lower interface 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 15. An annular groove 14 is formed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface 3. A reversing mechanism for adjusting and reversing the lower interface 3 is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove 14. An annular groove 31 is formed in the middle outer wall of the connecting rod 15. A driving mechanism for driving the reversing mechanism to rotate is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove 31. When the driving mechanism drives the reversing mechanism to rotate synchronously horizontally, the lower interface 3 shifts to one side.

[0028] Please see Figure 2-5The stator housing 1 has an upper interface 2 fixedly connected to the top of its inner cavity. The top of the upper interface 2 has threads for connecting a drill string. By continuously installing the drill string, the drilling depth during oil extraction can be continuously increased. A bypass valve is installed in the middle of the upper interface 2's inner cavity. This valve allows mud to bypass during tripping in and out of the drill string to prevent pressure shock; it closes during drilling to guide mud into the inner cavity of the stator housing 1. A mounting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the stator housing 1's inner cavity. A rotor 7 is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting plate 6. Several spiral protrusions are fixedly connected to the sidewalls of the stator housing 1's inner cavity. The outer wall of the rotor 7 is provided with several spiral grooves, and the spiral protrusions mesh with the spiral grooves. When the mud enters the inner cavity of the stator housing 1 from the upper interface 2, the high-pressure mud will enter the gap between the spiral grooves and the spiral protrusions, thereby driving the rotor 7 to rotate horizontally continuously. The stator housing 1, rotor 7, universal shaft 5, transmission rod 8, lower interface 3 and connecting rod 15 together form a hydraulic propulsion device. The hydraulic propulsion device drives the rotor 7 to rotate through the high-pressure mud, and drives the drill bit 4 to rotate continuously through the rotor 7, universal shaft 5 and transmission rod 8.

[0029] A universal joint 5 is driven to the lower middle part of the rotor 7. The upper end of the universal joint 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the stator housing. A transmission rod 8 is driven to the lower end of the universal joint 5. The end of the transmission rod 8 away from the universal joint 5 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 4. By introducing high-pressure mud, the rotor 7 can be driven to rotate while the drill string remains stationary. In turn, the universal joint 5 and the transmission rod 8 drive the drill bit 4 to rotate independently. The continuously rotating drill bit 4 is then used for oil drilling operations. Even when the drill bit 4 is drilling in the horizontal direction, it has sufficient power. The weight of the drill string and the drill bit 4, as well as the continuous rotation of the drill bit 4 driven by the rotor 7, ensure that the drill bit 4... Sufficient propulsion force can be obtained when drilling in both vertical and horizontal states, thereby continuously increasing the depth and breadth of the well. The universal joint 5 is set between the transmission rod 8 and the rotor 7, so even if there is an angular deviation between the transmission rod 8 and the drill bit 4 and the rotor 7, it can be ensured that the drill bit 4 and the transmission rod 8 will always rotate synchronously with the rotor 7. The inner cavity of the stator housing 1 is connected to the inner cavity of the connecting rod 15, and the connecting rod 15 is connected to the inner cavity of the lower interface 3. After the high-pressure mud passes through the stator housing 1, it will enter the inner cavity of the connecting rod 15 and the lower interface 3, and finally flow out from the middle of the lower interface 3 into the wellbore. At the same time, the debris generated by the drill bit 4 during the drilling process will be carried out of the wellbore synchronously.

[0030] Please see Figure 5-7A sealing ring 9 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the annular groove 14. The inner side wall of the sealing ring 9 is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the connecting rod 15. The outer wall of the sealing ring 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the lower interface 3. The sealing ring 9 seals the lower interface 3 and the connecting rod 15 to prevent high-pressure mud from entering the annular groove 14 from the wellbore during drilling, thus affecting the operation of the directional mechanism. A positioning ring 11 is fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the connecting rod 15. A positioning groove 10 is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface 3. The position of the positioning groove 10 corresponds to that of the positioning ring 11. The positioning groove 10 is located below the annular groove 14. The height of the positioning groove 10 is greater than the height of the positioning ring 11, and the width of the positioning groove 10 is greater than the width of the positioning ring 11. The side of the positioning ring 11 away from the connecting rod 15 is located in the inner cavity of the positioning groove 10. A sealing gasket 12 is fixedly connected between the upper end of the positioning ring 11 and the top of the inner cavity of the positioning groove 10. A sealing gasket 2 13 is fixedly connected between the lower end of the positioning ring 11 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the positioning groove 10. The positioning ring 11 and the connecting rod 15 can be positioned by setting the sealing gasket 12 and the sealing gasket 2 13, thereby positioning the lower interface 3 sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 15.

[0031] Furthermore, since the sealing ring 9, sealing gasket 12, and sealing gasket 2 13 are all flexible, and the length of the positioning groove 10 is greater than the length of the positioning ring 11, when the lower interface 3 is squeezed, it will shift to a certain extent relative to the stator housing 1, resulting in a certain angle between the transmission rod 8 and the rotor 7, usually 1° to 3°. When the drill bit 4 shifts to a position of 1° to 3° relative to the rotor 7, if the drill bit 4 continues to drill, it will gradually change from vertical drilling to horizontal drilling. After drilling to a certain depth, since the oil field is widely distributed, drilling multiple vertical wells at the same time would consume a lot of time, manpower, and resources. However, by shifting the drill bit 4 at a certain angle, horizontal wells can be drilled in multiple directions at the bottom of the same vertical well. Then, by cooperating with a single vertical well and multiple horizontal wells, oil from the entire oil field can be extracted from a single vertical oil outlet, saving a lot of time, manpower, and resources while obtaining abundant oil production.

[0032] Please see Figure 4-6 and Figure 8The width of sealing gasket 13 is greater than the width of sealing gasket 12. The width of sealing gasket 12 is the same as the width of positioning groove 10. The side of sealing gasket 13 away from positioning groove 10 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of connecting rod 15. The driving mechanism includes a transmission ring 16, which is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of annular groove 31. The transmission ring 16 can only rotate horizontally on the side wall of annular groove 31 and cannot move in the vertical direction. A toothed ring 20 is fixedly connected to the lower end of transmission ring 16. The connection between connecting rod 15 and positioning ring 11 is... A servo motor 18 is connected to the common drive. The output end of the servo motor 18 passes through the bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove 31 and is fixedly connected to a gear 19. The sealing gasket 12 will not touch the output end of the servo motor 18. The gear 19 meshes with the gear ring 20. The servo motor 18 drives the gear 19 to rotate horizontally. Then, through the transmission cooperation between the gear 19 and the gear ring 20, the transmission ring 16 can be driven to rotate horizontally on the side wall of the annular groove 31. The diameter of the gear 19 is smaller than the horizontal width of the inner cavity of the annular groove 31.

[0033] Please see Figure 5-8 The directional mechanism includes a driven ring 17, which is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the transmission ring 16. An annular base plate 24 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the driven ring 17 away from the transmission ring 16. A driven plate 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the driven ring 17. The top of the driven plate 23 is aligned with the top of the driven ring 17, and the bottom of the annular base plate 24 is aligned with the bottom of the driven ring 17. As the transmission ring 16 rotates with the gear ring 20, it will drive the driven ring 17, the driven plate 23, and the annular base plate 24 to rotate horizontally synchronously. A symmetrical arc-shaped block 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 14. The top of the arc-shaped block 22 is aligned with the top of the transmission ring 16, and the vertical height of the arc-shaped block 22 is the same as the vertical height of the driven plate 23. As the driven plate 23 rotates with the driven ring 17, the driven plate 23 will approach and contact the arc-shaped block 22.

[0034] During the contact process between the driven plate 23 and the arc-shaped block 22, since the driven plate 23, the driven ring 17 and the transmission ring 16 are fixed in the horizontal direction, while the lower interface 3 can be offset, the lower interface 3 will adaptively offset during the contact process between the driven plate 23 and the arc-shaped block 22. As the degree of contact between the arc-shaped block 22 and the driven plate 23 increases, the offset angle of the lower interface 3 will also increase. Although the arc-shaped block 22 will offset synchronously with the lower interface 3, the offset angle between the lower interface 3 and the arc-shaped block 22 is small. Therefore, even if the arc-shaped block 22 offsets, it will still abut against the driven plate 23.

[0035] Furthermore, position sensors are installed in the inner cavities of both the arc-shaped block 22 and the driven plate 23, making it easier for operators to determine the position of the driven plate 23 and thus determine the direction in which the lower interface 3 has shifted. A sliding groove 25 is provided in the middle of the lower end of the driven ring 17, and symmetrical electric push rods 21 are provided below the driven ring 17. The lower side of the electric push rod 21 is connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the positioning ring 11, and the straight-line distance between the electric push rod 21 and the center of the connecting rod 15 is greater than the straight-line distance between the center of the servo motor 18 and the center of the connecting rod 15. The output end passes through the upper end of the positioning ring 11 and is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped rod 28. The arc-shaped rod 28 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sliding groove 25. Therefore, during the rotation of the driven ring 17 with the transmission ring 16, the presence of the arc-shaped rod 28 will not affect the rotation process of the driven ring 17. When the electric push rod 21 drives the arc-shaped rod 28 to move down, the arc-shaped rod 28 will drive the driven ring 17 to move down synchronously, thereby driving the driven plate 23 and the annular base plate 24 to move away from the top position of the transmission ring 16 synchronously, so that the arc-shaped block 22 separates from the driven plate 23.

[0036] Please see Figure 8-9 A symmetrical guide rod 29 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the transmission ring 16. A guide groove 30 is opened on the inner side wall of the driven ring 17. The guide rod 29 is vertically slidably connected in the inner cavity of the guide groove 30. Therefore, the driven ring 17 and the transmission ring 16 achieve vertical sliding cooperation through the guide rod 29 and the guide groove 30. So, in addition to being able to rotate horizontally synchronously with the transmission ring 16, the driven ring 17 can also move vertically along the guide rod 29 under the drive of the electric push rod 21. The upper part of the inner cavity of the annular groove 14 is elastically connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 15 through symmetrical return springs 32. The position and number of return springs 32 correspond to the arc block 22, and the return springs 32 are located above the arc block 22. With the setting of the return springs 32, after the direction of the lower interface 3 is changed, when drilling in that direction is no longer needed, that is, after the arc block 22 and the driven plate 23 are separated, the lower interface 3 can be quickly reset and no longer deviated. It is also convenient to deviate the lower interface 3 in other directions.

[0037] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 10A symmetrical limiting block 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove 14. A limiting groove 26 is opened in the middle of the lower end of the annular base plate 24. A symmetrical inclined surface is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the limiting groove 26. An arc-shaped edge is opened at the top of the limiting block 27. The position of the limiting block 27 corresponds to the position of the limiting groove 26. As the limiting groove 26 moves down synchronously with the annular base plate 24, the driven plate 23 gradually separates from the arc-shaped block 22 in the vertical direction. Regardless of whether the arc-shaped block 22 was in contact with the driven plate 23 before, the arc-shaped block 22 and the lower interface 3 will be reset under the elastic force of the reset spring 32. As the lower interface 3 shifts synchronously, the position of the limiting block 27 will again correspond to the position of the limiting groove 26.

[0038] During the downward movement of the limiting groove 26, the limiting block 27 will enter the inner cavity of the limiting groove 26. The inclined surface ensures that even if there is a slight deviation in the position of the limiting block 27, it can still be guided by the inclined surface and the arc edge to accurately enter the inner cavity of the limiting groove 26. At this time, the position of the lower interface 3 can be limited and fixed by the snap-fit ​​between the limiting block 27 and the limiting groove 26, ensuring that the lower interface 3 can maintain a vertical / horizontal state after resetting from the offset state. At the same time, the snap-fit ​​between the limiting groove 26 and the limiting block 27 prevents the lower interface 3 from shifting due to the vibration generated by the drill bit 4 during drilling. When the arc block 22 and the driven plate 23 come into contact, the state of the lower interface 3 during offset will not be affected by vibration because the driven plate 23 and the arc block 22 abut against each other.

[0039] The driven ring 17, the annular base plate 24, and the driven plate 23 are adjusted vertically by the electric push rod 21. When there is no need to change the direction of the lower interface 3, the driven plate 23 is driven by the electric push rod 21 to be located below the arc block 22. At this time, the limiting groove 26 and the limiting block 27 are engaged with each other to limit and fix the position of the lower interface 3, ensuring that the lower interface 3 remains vertical / horizontal during drilling with the drill bit 4. When it is necessary for the lower interface 3 to drive the drill bit 4 to deviate in a certain direction, the driven ring 17, the driven plate 24, and the annular base plate 23 are driven by the electric push rod 21. The plate 24 moves upward, and the position of the driven plate 23 and the arc block 22 can be clearly known through the sensors in the cavity of the driven plate 23 and the arc block 22, so as to avoid the collision between the driven plate 23 and the arc block 22 during the upward movement. After the annular base plate 24 moves upward, the limiting block 27 separates from the limiting groove 26, thereby releasing the limitation on the lower interface 3. Then, the limiting block 27 and the driven plate 23 can be driven to rotate by the servo motor 18. Then, the lower interface 3 can be driven to shift in different directions by the driven plate 23 contacting the arc blocks 22 in different directions, thereby performing the reversal processing of the lower interface 3.

Claims

1. A reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction, comprising a stator housing, characterized in that, A rotor is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the stator housing. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the stator housing. A lower interface is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod. An annular groove is formed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface. An adjusting mechanism for adjusting and reversing the lower interface is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove. An annular groove is formed in the middle outer wall of the connecting rod. A driving mechanism for driving the adjusting mechanism to rotate is provided in the inner cavity of the annular groove. When the driving mechanism drives the adjusting mechanism to rotate synchronously horizontally, the lower interface shifts to one side. The driving mechanism includes a transmission ring, which is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the annular groove two. A toothed ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission ring. A positioning ring is fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the connecting rod. A servo motor is connected to the connection between the connecting rod and the positioning ring. The output end of the servo motor passes through the bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove two and is fixedly connected to a gear. The gear meshes with the toothed ring. The steering mechanism includes a driven ring, which is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the transmission ring. An annular base plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the driven ring away from the transmission ring. A driven plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the driven ring. The top of the driven plate is aligned with the top of the driven ring, and the bottom of the annular base plate is aligned with the bottom of the driven ring. A sliding groove is provided in the middle of the lower end of the driven ring. A symmetrical electric push rod is provided below the driven ring. The lower side of the electric push rod is connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the positioning ring. The straight distance between the center of the electric push rod and the center of the connecting rod is greater than the straight distance between the center of the servo motor and the center of the connecting rod. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the upper end of the positioning ring and is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped rod. The arc-shaped rod is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sliding groove. The inner cavity sidewall of the annular groove is fixedly connected with symmetrical arc-shaped blocks. The top of the arc-shaped blocks is aligned with the top of the transmission ring, and the vertical height of the arc-shaped blocks is the same as the vertical height of the driven plate. Symmetrical guide rods are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the transmission ring. A guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the driven ring. The guide rod is vertically slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide groove. The upper part of the inner cavity of the annular groove is elastically connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod by symmetrical return springs. The position and number of the return springs correspond to the arc block. The return springs are located above the arc block. When the electric push rod drives the arc-shaped rod to move downward, the arc-shaped rod drives the driven ring to move downward synchronously, thereby driving the driven plate and the annular base plate to move away from the top position of the transmission ring synchronously, so that the arc-shaped block separates from the driven plate.

2. The reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator housing has an upper interface fixedly connected to the top of its inner cavity. The upper interface has a threaded opening at the top of its inner cavity. An mounting plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the stator housing. A rotor is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting plate. A universal joint is driven to the middle of the lower end of the rotor. The upper end of the universal joint is rotatably connected to the bottom of the stator housing's inner cavity. A drive rod is driven to the lower end of the universal joint. A drill bit is fixedly connected to the end of the drive rod away from the universal joint.

3. The reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the annular groove one. The inner cavity sidewall of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the connecting rod. The outer wall of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the lower interface. A positioning groove is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower interface. The position of the positioning groove corresponds to the positioning ring. The positioning groove is located below the annular groove one.

4. A reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the positioning groove is greater than the height of the positioning ring, and the width of the positioning groove is greater than the width of the positioning ring. The side of the positioning ring away from the connecting rod is located in the inner cavity of the positioning groove. A sealing gasket is fixedly connected between the upper end of the positioning ring and the top of the inner cavity of the positioning groove, and a sealing gasket is fixedly connected between the lower end of the positioning ring and the bottom of the inner cavity of the positioning groove.

5. A reversible hydraulic propulsion device for oil extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner cavity of the annular groove is fixedly connected to a symmetrical limiting block. A limiting groove is opened in the middle of the lower end of the annular base plate. A symmetrical inclined surface is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the limiting groove. An arc-shaped edge is opened at the top of the limiting block. The position of the limiting block corresponds to the position of the limiting groove.

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