Circulating backflow type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiment

Abstract

A circulating backflow type air inlet parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiment belongs to the technical field of mine ventilation physical experiment, and comprises a multistage fan, an air source parameter adjusting unit, an air return filter, a PLC control cabinet, a central control console, a distributed sensor network and a static pressure buffer bin; the waste heat and moisture of the backflow air are pretreated in temperature, humidity and flow through the circulating backflow mode, the waste heat and moisture of the backflow air are recycled, the mine ventilation compensation mechanism is additionally arranged, the circulating backflow air after the precise regulation and control of the air source parameters is stably connected to the air inlet well under the constraint condition that the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation mine physical model are kept at atmospheric pressure without increasing the air inlet resistance, compared with the fresh air directly pretreated by the external environment in the traditional mode, the stability of the circulating backflow air can effectively shorten the air source regulation and balance time, can greatly reduce the equipment operation energy consumption and improve the experimental efficiency, and provides key technical support for the mine ventilation physical experiment with high simulation degree and low energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of physical experiment technology for mine ventilation, and in particular relates to a circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for physical experiments of mine ventilation. Background Technology

[0002] In deep mining, multiple factors such as heat dissipation from the surrounding rock, heat release from large equipment, and groundwater seepage can lead to a high-temperature and high-humidity heat hazard environment underground, which can seriously restrict the safe and efficient production of the mine. Therefore, it is essential to carry out research on the prevention and control technology of high-temperature heat hazards in deep mines.

[0003] Currently, by establishing a mine ventilation physics experimental device, a stable, controllable, and realistic underground air environment, including temperature, humidity, and airflow velocity, can be reconstructed with high fidelity under laboratory conditions. In mine ventilation physics experiments, the air source is usually input through the intake shaft. In the actual ventilation environment of an engineering site, the surface air source characteristics vary significantly depending on the region, climate, and season. If only the local laboratory environment is used as the air source input, it is difficult to simulate the characteristics of specific engineering problems in a particular area. Therefore, in order to conduct multi-parameter air quality mine ventilation simulation, an independent air source control system is needed to intelligently and quantitatively control the temperature, humidity, and flow rate of the intake air for specific engineering environmental backgrounds, and on this basis, realistically reconstruct the unique temperature and humidity environment of deep mines.

[0004] Existing mine ventilation physics experimental devices are only equipped with axial flow fans or centrifugal fans as the air intake power source, and can only perform simple air volume control and air intake parameter adjustment, lacking a mine ventilation compensation mechanism. In addition, existing mine ventilation physics simulation experimental devices usually adopt an open air intake control mode. After the ambient air is pre-treated for temperature, humidity and flow rate, it enters the mine ventilation test section through the air intake shaft, and then is directly discharged to the outside environment through the return air shaft.

[0005] However, traditional open-type air intake control mode has technical drawbacks such as high energy consumption and low efficiency.

[0006] ① In the open air intake mode, when simulating the extreme environment of a deep well, a large amount of fresh air needs to be pre-treated with high intensity heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification and flow control. The equipment operates at extremely high power, which will greatly increase the environmental control load and operating costs. The waste heat and moisture carried in the experimental return air are not utilized due to the direct exhaust method, and a large amount of waste heat and moisture are directly dissipated into the external environment.

[0007] ② In the open air intake mode, in order to maintain the environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity set in the mine ventilation physics experiment, a long response period is required for the experimental air intake to reach thermal and humidity balance, which will greatly increase the experimental preparation time and seriously restrict the experimental efficiency.

[0008] For example, Chinese patent application CN110925008A discloses an intelligent adjustment test platform for local ventilation equipment in coal mines. This scheme conducts local ventilation experiments in a closed space through air supply and exhaust equipment, but lacks the application of recirculation ventilation technology.

[0009] Chinese patent application CN121345603A discloses a safety device and its usage method based on mine ventilation network simulation control. This scheme uses adjustable fans and control ducts to carry out mine ventilation network simulation based on sensor data, but lacks the recycling of return air waste heat and moisture. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physics experiments. By using a circulating recirculation method, the device pre-processes the temperature, humidity, and flow rate of the return air carrying residual heat and moisture, achieving the recycling of the return air's residual heat and moisture. By adding a mine ventilation compensation mechanism, the device can smoothly connect the recirculated return air, after precise control of the air source parameters, to the intake shaft without increasing the air intake resistance and under the constraint of strictly maintaining atmospheric pressure at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation mine physics model. Compared with the traditional method of directly pre-processing the fresh air from the external environment, utilizing the stability of the circulating return air can effectively shorten the air source control and balancing time, significantly reducing equipment operating energy consumption and improving experimental efficiency. This provides key technical support for high-fidelity, low-energy-consumption mine ventilation physics experiments.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments, comprising an air intake fan, a return air exhaust fan, an air source parameter adjustment unit, an air intake pressure compensation unit, a return air pressure compensation unit, a return air filter, a PLC control cabinet, and a central control console; the outlet end of the air intake fan is connected to the air intake shaft of the ventilation mine physical model, and the inlet end of the air intake fan is connected to the air source parameter adjustment unit; the inlet end of the return air exhaust fan is connected to the return air shaft of the ventilation mine physical model, and the outlet end of the return air exhaust fan is connected to the return air pressure compensation unit through the return air filter; the air intake pressure compensation unit is disposed between the air source parameter adjustment unit and the return air pressure compensation unit; the electrical control ports of the air intake fan, the return air exhaust fan, the air source parameter adjustment unit, the air intake pressure compensation unit, and the return air pressure compensation unit are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet, and the PLC control cabinet is electrically connected to the central control console.

[0012] Dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are installed at both the inlet and outlet ends of the return air filter; the electrical control ports of the dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0013] The air source parameter adjustment unit includes a dehumidification buffer box, a dehumidifier, a heat exchanger, a chiller, a heater, a humidifier, a humidity control box, and an air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The inlet of the dehumidification buffer box is connected to an air inlet pressure compensation unit, the outlet of the dehumidification buffer box is connected to the inlet of the dehumidifier, the outlet of the dehumidifier is connected to the airflow inlet of the heat exchanger, and the airflow outlet of the heat exchanger is split into two outputs, one connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly and the other connected to the humidity control box. The heater is located between the heat exchanger and the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The humidifier is located on the humidity control box, and the outlet of the humidity control box is connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The chiller is connected to the cooling medium passage of the heat exchanger, and a cooling medium circulation pump is installed on the cooling medium circulation pipeline between the chiller and the heat exchanger. The electrical control ports of the chiller, heater, humidifier, and cooling medium circulation pump are all electrically connected to a PLC control cabinet.

[0014] A first humidity sensor is installed at the outlet end of the dehumidifier; a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet end of the heat exchanger; a second humidity sensor is installed inside the humidity control box; the electrical control ports of the first humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, and the second humidity sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0015] The inlet air pressure compensation unit uses an inlet air pressure compensation fan; the return air pressure compensation unit uses a return air pressure compensation fan, and the outlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan and the inlet end of the inlet air pressure compensation fan are connected through a return pipe; the electrical control ports of both the inlet air pressure compensation fan and the return air pressure compensation fan are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet; a return pressure relief valve is installed on the return pipe, and the electrical control port of the return pressure relief valve is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0016] An inlet static pressure buffer chamber is installed between the outlet end of the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly and the inlet end of the inlet air pressurization fan. A return flow pipe is connected between the inlet static pressure buffer chamber and the return flow pipe. An inlet safety relief valve is installed at the top of the inlet static pressure buffer chamber. A return static pressure buffer chamber is installed between the inlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan and the outlet end of the return air filter. A return air safety relief valve is installed at the top of the return air static pressure buffer chamber. The electrical control ports of both the inlet and return air safety relief valves are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0017] A sensor array for terminal verification of air source parameters is installed at the outlet end of the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber; a sensor array for front-end monitoring of return air parameters is installed at the outlet end of the return air static pressure buffer chamber; the sensor array includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a thermal gas mass flow meter, an anemometer, and a pressure sensor, and the electrical control port of the sensor array is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0018] An airflow output pipe is connected between the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber and the inlet end of the air inlet fan, and an air inlet control valve is installed on the airflow output pipe; a return flow control valve is installed on the return flow pipe; the electrical control ports of the air inlet control valve and the return flow control valve are both electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0019] The air source parameter monitoring tube group includes a first air source parameter monitoring tube, a second air source parameter monitoring tube, and a third air source parameter monitoring tube, which are arranged in parallel. The first air source parameter monitoring tube is the main monitoring tube, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the humidity control box. The outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube is connected to the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber. The second and third air source parameter monitoring tubes are auxiliary monitoring tubes. Their inlets are connected to the inlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube, and their outlet ends are connected to the outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube.

[0020] A thermal gas mass flow meter and a main wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters are installed on the first air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the first air source parameter monitoring tube; a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the second air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the second air source parameter monitoring tube; a micro wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the third air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the third air source parameter monitoring tube; the electrical control ports of the thermal gas mass flow meter, main wind speed sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, micro wind speed sensor, and all electric valves are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] The circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device of the present invention, applicable to physical experiments of mine ventilation, combines multi-stage fans and high-efficiency filtration with traditional open air intake control mode. It realizes efficient recycling of waste heat and moisture in the return air, significantly reduces the external energy input required for temperature, humidity and flow regulation, greatly reduces the energy consumption of temperature and humidity treatment, and significantly reduces the long-term operating cost of equipment while strictly controlling the cleanliness of the airflow, thus having outstanding energy saving and consumption reduction effects.

[0023] The present invention relates to a circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physics experiments. This device utilizes a compensating fan and a multi-stage static pressure buffer chamber to form an active pressure compensation and stabilization mechanism. This mechanism dynamically adjusts the operating power of the compensating fan and combines it with the airflow stabilization characteristics of the static pressure buffer chamber to precisely offset internal resistance along the circulating recirculation path. This ensures that the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation mine physics model are maintained at atmospheric pressure. While strictly maintaining the original pressure boundary at the wellhead of the ventilation mine physics model, it achieves intelligent and precise control of multi-dimensional operating parameters such as temperature, humidity, and flow rate, highly replicating the air source parameters of the mine ventilation physics experiment and ensuring a high degree of simulation.

[0024] The present invention relates to a circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device suitable for physical experiments in mine ventilation. It establishes an intelligent monitoring and control mode for air source parameter processing. By prioritizing deep dehumidification, it eliminates the interference of latent heat on subsequent temperature control and prevents condensation from forming in the refrigeration process. Then, it performs efficient temperature regulation in a dry environment and accurately replenishes humidity in a temperature-stable airflow, reducing repeated adjustments and energy losses caused by mutual interference between temperature and humidity. Based on this, it is supplemented by a distributed sensor network and PLC adaptive control. Once fluctuations in air source parameters are detected, it can automatically coordinate multiple-stage fans and air source parameter adjustment units to quickly correct the air source parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device and the ventilation mine physical model of the present invention, which is applicable to physical experiments of mine ventilation.

[0026] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air source parameter adjustment and air inlet pressure compensation area of ​​the circulating recirculation type air inlet parameter control device for mine ventilation physical experiments of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the return air filtration and pressure compensation area of ​​the circulating recirculation air intake parameter control device for mine ventilation physical experiments according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram, 1—Inlet air intake fan, 2—Return air exhaust fan, 3—Return air filter, 4—PLC control cabinet, 5—Central control panel, 6—Inlet air shaft, 7—Return air shaft, 8—Dehumidification buffer box, 9—Dehumidifier, 10—Heat exchanger, 11—Refrigeration unit, 12—Heater, 13—Humidifier, 14—Humidity control box, 15—Air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly, 16—Inlet air pressure compensation fan, 17—Return air pressure compensation fan, 18—Return flow pipe, 19—Inlet air static pressure buffer chamber, 20—Return flow pipe, 21—Return air static pressure buffer chamber, 22—Inlet air safety relief valve, 23—Return air safety relief valve, 24—Airflow output pipe, 25—Inlet air control valve, 26—Return flow control valve, 27—Return flow relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figs. 1-3 As shown, a circulating air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physics experiments includes an intake fan 1, a return air exhaust fan 2, an air source parameter adjustment unit, an intake pressure compensation unit, a return air pressure compensation unit, a return air filter 3, a PLC control cabinet 4, and a central control console 5. The outlet end of the intake fan 1 is connected to the intake shaft 6 of the ventilation mine physics model, and the inlet end of the intake fan 1 is connected to the air source parameter adjustment unit. The inlet end of the return air exhaust fan 2 is connected to the return air shaft 7 of the ventilation mine physics model, and the outlet end of the return air exhaust fan 2 is connected to the return air pressure compensation unit through the return air filter 3. The intake pressure compensation unit is located between the air source parameter adjustment unit and the return air pressure compensation unit. The electrical control ports of the intake fan 1, the return air exhaust fan 2, the air source parameter adjustment unit, the intake pressure compensation unit, and the return air pressure compensation unit are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4, and the PLC control cabinet 4 is electrically connected to the central control console 5.

[0031] In this embodiment, both the intake fan 1 and the return fan 2 are variable frequency axial flow fans; the central control console 5 is equipped with a touch screen, which serves as the human-machine interface terminal for the central control console 5, used to input preset experimental parameters such as target flow rate, temperature, and humidity; the host of the central control console 5 serves as the upper computer, and the PLC control cabinet 4 serves as the lower computer, with bidirectional data interaction established between the central control console 5 and the PLC control cabinet 4 via a communication bus; the ventilation mine physical model has two intake shafts 6 and two return shafts 7, each intake shaft 6 is equipped with an intake fan 1 connected to the intake pressure compensation unit, and each return shaft 7 is equipped with a return air filter 3 and a return air pressure compensation unit connected to the air source parameter adjustment unit; the return air filter 3 adopts a three-stage filter cartridge design for step-by-step physical interception, and the filter layer of the filter cartridge is made of polyester fiber membrane material.

[0032] Dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are installed at both the inlet and outlet ends of the return air filter 3; the electrical control ports of the dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0033] The air source parameter adjustment unit includes a dehumidification buffer box 8, a dehumidifier 9, a heat exchanger 10, a chiller 11, a heater 12, a humidifier 13, a humidity control box 14, and an air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly 15. The inlet of the dehumidification buffer box 8 is connected to an air inlet pressure compensation unit, and the outlet of the dehumidification buffer box 8 is connected to the inlet of the dehumidifier 9. The outlet of the dehumidifier 9 is connected to the airflow inlet of the heat exchanger 10. The airflow outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is split into two outputs: one connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly 15, and the other connected to the humidity control box. 14; The heater 12 is installed between the heat exchanger 10 and the air source parameter monitoring pipe group 15; The humidifier 13 is installed on the humidity control box 14, and the outlet end of the humidity control box 14 is connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe group 15; The chiller 11 is connected to the cooling medium passage of the heat exchanger 10, and a cooling medium circulation pump is installed on the cooling medium circulation pipeline between the chiller 11 and the heat exchanger 10; The electrical control ports of the chiller 11, heater 12, humidifier 13 and cooling medium circulation pump are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0034] A first humidity sensor is installed at the outlet end of the dehumidifier 9; a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet end of the heat exchanger 10; a second humidity sensor is installed inside the humidity control box 14; the electrical control ports of the first humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and the second humidity sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dehumidification buffer box 8 is an absolute pressure dehumidification buffer box, which is used to stabilize and rectify the high-speed air source and prevent the high-speed dynamic pressure from directly impacting the precision dehumidification components inside the dehumidifier 9; the dehumidifier 9 is a rotary dehumidifier; the humidifier 13 is an ultrasonic humidifier; the humidity regulating box 14 is a mechanical guide plate humidity regulating box, which uses a mechanical guide plate to force the mixing of micron-level droplets and airflow.

[0036] The inlet air pressure compensation unit adopts an inlet air pressure compensation fan 16; the return air pressure compensation unit adopts a return air pressure compensation fan 17, and the outlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan 17 is connected to the inlet end of the inlet air pressure compensation fan 16 through a return pipe 18; the electrical control ports of the inlet air pressure compensation fan 16 and the return air pressure compensation fan 17 are both electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4; a return pressure relief valve 27 is installed on the return pipe 18, and the electrical control port of the return pressure relief valve 27 is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, both the inlet pressure compensation fan 16 and the return pressure compensation fan 17 are variable frequency centrifugal fans; the return pressure relief valve 27 is an electric butterfly valve.

[0038] An inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19 is provided between the outlet end of the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly 15 and the inlet end of the inlet air pressurization fan 1. A return pipe 20 is connected between the inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19 and the return pipe 18. An inlet safety relief valve 22 is provided at the top of the inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19. A return static pressure buffer chamber 21 is provided between the inlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan 17 and the outlet end of the return air filter 3. A return safety relief valve 23 is provided at the top of the return static pressure buffer chamber 21. The electrical control ports of the inlet safety relief valve 22 and the return safety relief valve 23 are both electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0039] In this embodiment, both the inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19 and the return static pressure buffer chamber 21 are flow equalization plate type static pressure buffer chambers.

[0040] A sensor array for terminal verification of air source parameters is installed at the outlet end of the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19; a sensor array for front-end monitoring of return air parameters is installed at the outlet end of the return air static pressure buffer chamber 21; the sensor array includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a thermal gas mass flow meter, an anemometer and a pressure sensor, and the electrical control port of the sensor array is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0041] An airflow output pipe 24 is connected between the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19 and the inlet end of the air inlet fan 1. An air inlet control valve 25 is installed on the airflow output pipe 24. A return flow control valve 26 is installed on the return flow pipe 20. The electrical control ports of the air inlet control valve 25 and the return flow control valve 26 are both electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, both the air inlet control valve 25 and the backflow control valve 26 are electric butterfly valves.

[0043] The air source parameter monitoring tube group 15 includes a first air source parameter monitoring tube, a second air source parameter monitoring tube, and a third air source parameter monitoring tube, which are arranged in parallel. The first air source parameter monitoring tube is the main monitoring tube, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the humidity control box 14. The outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube is connected to the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19. The second and third air source parameter monitoring tubes are auxiliary monitoring tubes. Their inlet ends are connected to the inlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube, and their outlet ends are connected to the outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube.

[0044] A thermal gas mass flow meter and a main wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters are installed on the first air source parameter monitoring pipe, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the first air source parameter monitoring pipe; a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the second air source parameter monitoring pipe, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the second air source parameter monitoring pipe; a micro wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the third air source parameter monitoring pipe, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the third air source parameter monitoring pipe; the electrical control ports of the thermal gas mass flow meter, main wind speed sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, micro wind speed sensor, and all electric valves are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third air source parameter monitoring tubes are all made of anti-static stainless steel. The diameter of the first air source parameter monitoring tube is larger than that of the second and third air source parameter monitoring tubes. Flow rate and velocity are monitored using a thermal gas mass flow meter and a main anemometer. Key temperature and humidity environmental parameters are monitored using a temperature and humidity sensor. A micro-anemometer is used to capture subtle airflow changes under low flow conditions to compensate for the measurement blind spot of the main monitoring tube at extremely low flow rates. In the working mode, all electric valves on the three air source parameter monitoring tubes remain fully open to ensure normal air source parameter monitoring. During sensor calibration or maintenance, the electric valves at both ends of a specific air source parameter monitoring tube are closed to ensure uninterrupted maintenance. All electric valves are electric butterfly valves.

[0046] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates the usage of this invention:

[0047] Before the experiment, the target flow rate, velocity, temperature, humidity and other preset experimental parameters are input through the touch screen of the central control console 5. Then, the intake air fan 1, the return air exhaust fan 2, the intake air pressure compensation fan 16 and the return air pressure compensation fan 17 are started to establish an initial airflow circulation between the ventilation mine physical model and the circulating return air intake parameter control device.

[0048] In the initial airflow circulation state, the ventilation mine physical model is not activated. When the initial airflow circulates through the ventilation mine physical model, temperature, humidity, and dust variables are not introduced into the initial airflow. The temperature of the initial airflow is adjusted to the preset value range by the combination of heat exchanger 10 and chiller 11 or heater 12. The humidity of the initial airflow is adjusted to the preset value range by the combination of humidifier 13 and humidity control box 14. The flow rate and wind speed of the initial airflow are maintained within the preset value range by the cooperation of inlet air intake fan 1, return air exhaust fan 2, inlet air pressure compensation fan 16, and return air pressure compensation fan 17.

[0049] Once the air intake parameters of the initial airflow flowing through the ventilation mine physical model are stably maintained within the preset range for 60 seconds, the ventilation mine physical model is activated. Temperature, humidity, and dust variables are then introduced into the initial airflow from the ventilation mine physical model to simulate real underground working conditions.

[0050] When temperature, humidity and dust variables are introduced into the initial airflow, the return air carrying residual heat, residual moisture and containing dust first enters the return air filter 3 from the return air shaft 7 of the ventilation mine physical model through the return air extraction fan 2. The dust in the return air will be intercepted in the return air filter 3 after passing through three stages of filtration. The purified return air directly enters the return air static pressure buffer chamber 21.

[0051] When the return air flows through the return air filter 3, the dust concentration sensor and differential pressure sensor at the inlet and outlet of the return air filter 3 collect dust concentration data and differential pressure data in real time and transmit them directly to the PLC control cabinet 4. The PLC control cabinet 4 performs difference and ratio calculations on the dust concentration at the inlet and outlet of the return air filter 3 to quantify the current filtration efficiency in real time. The measured resistance value fed back by the differential pressure sensor is logically compared with the preset blockage alarm threshold. When the measured resistance value continuously exceeds the preset blockage alarm threshold, the PLC control cabinet 4 will immediately determine that the filter cartridge of the return air filter 3 is blocked by dust and directly trigger an audible and visual alarm. At the same time, a maintenance instruction will be pushed on the display screen of the central control console 5 to remind the staff to clean or replace the blocked filter cartridge to ensure that the flow resistance and purification effect of the return air are always within the set range.

[0052] When the purified return air enters the return air static pressure buffer chamber 21, the return air flow is stabilized by the flow equalization plate inside the return air static pressure buffer chamber 21. At the same time, the differential pressure signal detected by the differential pressure sensor in real time is directly fed back to the PLC control cabinet 4. The PLC control cabinet 4 adjusts the operating power of the return air pressure compensation fan 17 and the opening of the return air safety relief valve 23 according to the differential pressure signal, so that the differential pressure value of the return air is controlled within the set range to compensate for the pressure loss in the circulation pipeline. This ensures that the return air is drawn out from the return air well 7 at a zero pressure difference state close to atmospheric pressure. After purification, the air enters the air source parameter adjustment unit to simulate the intake and return air pressure boundary conditions of a real mine in the experiment. In addition, PLC control cabinet 4 will collect return air temperature and humidity data in real time based on the sensor array at the return air monitoring front end, automatically calculate the residual heat and humidity carried in the return air, and use the residual heat and humidity data as correction variables for the temperature and humidity adjustment of the subsequent air source parameter adjustment unit. This allows the various functional modules in the air source parameter adjustment unit to adjust their output power or operating settings in advance, realizing pre-adaptation processing of the return air before it enters the air source parameter adjustment unit, thereby shortening the air source regulation and balancing time.

[0053] After the purified return air completes pressure stabilization and compensation, it first flows through the return pipe 18, and then through the inlet air pressure compensation fan 16 for secondary pressurization to eliminate the pressure loss generated by the equipment in the air source parameter adjustment unit. The pressurized inlet air source directly enters the dehumidification buffer box 8, and the dehumidification buffer box 8 stabilizes and rectifies the inlet air source to prevent high-speed dynamic pressure from directly impacting the precision dehumidification components inside the dehumidifier 9. At the same time, it provides a stable sampling environment for the first humidity sensor at the outlet of the dehumidifier 9.

[0054] After the incoming air source completes flow stabilization and rectification within the dehumidification buffer box 8, it directly enters the dehumidifier 9. Simultaneously, the PLC control cabinet 4 dynamically adjusts the dehumidifier 9's rotor operating power based on data from the first humidity sensor to ensure the dehumidification effect of the incoming air source and eliminate interference from the latent heat of condensation of water vapor on subsequent temperature control. Specifically, if the measured humidity from the first humidity sensor is higher than the preset range, the dehumidifier 9's rotor operating power is increased to enhance its desorption capacity and improve dehumidification efficiency. If the measured humidity from the first humidity sensor is lower than the preset range, the dehumidifier 9's rotor operating power is reduced to decrease its desorption capacity, dynamically reducing equipment energy consumption while maintaining the required humidity level.

[0055] After the incoming air source is dehumidified in the dehumidifier 9, it will directly enter the heat exchanger 10. At the same time, the PLC control cabinet 4 will dynamically activate the chiller 11, the cooling medium circulation pump, and the heater 12 based on the data fed back by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the heat exchanger 10. Specifically, if the measured temperature fed back by the temperature sensor is higher than the preset value range, only the chiller 11 and the cooling medium circulation pump will be activated to allow the circulating cooling medium to exchange heat with the incoming air source in the heat exchanger 10, thereby reducing the temperature of the incoming air source until the temperature of the incoming air source drops to the preset value range. Subsequently, the incoming air source that has reached the preset temperature value range will directly enter the air source parameter monitoring pipe group 15 through the unactivated heater 12. If the measured temperature from the temperature sensor is lower than the preset range, only heater 12 is activated. The incoming air source directly enters heater 12 through the unactivated heat exchanger 10 to raise the temperature of the incoming air source until it reaches the preset range. Once the temperature reaches the preset range, the incoming air source directly enters the air source parameter monitoring tube group 15. After the incoming air source temperature reaches the preset range, the PLC control cabinet 4 dynamically reduces the heating power of heater 12 to stabilize the temperature output of the incoming air source. If the measured temperature from the temperature sensor is exactly within the preset range, the chiller 11, cooling medium circulation pump, and heater 12 are all deactivated. The incoming air source directly enters the air source parameter monitoring tube group 15 through the unactivated heat exchanger 10 and heater 12, achieving efficient utilization of residual heat.

[0056] As the incoming air source, within its preset temperature range, enters the air source parameter monitoring tube group 15, the humidifier 13 and humidity control box 14 are simultaneously activated. The humidifier 13 sprays micron-sized droplets into the humidity control box 14 through ultrasonic atomization. The micron-sized droplets and the airflow within the humidity control box 14 are fully mixed under the action of a mechanical guide plate. Subsequently, the humidified airflow merges with the incoming air source into the air source parameter monitoring tube group 15. Due to the vaporization temperature drop effect of the micron-sized droplets during mixing with the airflow, if the measured temperature fed back by the temperature sensor is lower than the preset range after humidification, the heater 12 is activated simultaneously to raise the temperature of the incoming air source before humidification, thereby offsetting the temperature drop caused by the vaporization temperature drop effect and maintaining a constant temperature of the incoming air source after humidification.

[0057] When the incoming air source enters the air source parameter monitoring tube group 15, it will be divided into three streams that flow through the first, second, and third air source parameter monitoring tubes respectively. Among them, when the first stream of the incoming air source flows through the first air source parameter monitoring tube, the flow rate and velocity of the incoming air source will be monitored in real time by a thermal gas mass flow meter and a main wind speed sensor. When the second stream of the incoming air source flows through the second air source parameter monitoring tube, the temperature and humidity of the incoming air source will be monitored in real time by a temperature and humidity sensor. When the third stream of the incoming air source flows through the third air source parameter monitoring tube, a micro-wind speed sensor will capture the slight airflow changes under low flow conditions to compensate for the measurement blind spot of the main monitoring tube at extremely low flow rates. After the incoming air source completes the full parameter measurement through the three streams, the three streams will re-converge and enter the incoming air static pressure buffer chamber 19.

[0058] After the intake air source, having completed the monitoring of air source parameters, enters the intake air static pressure buffer chamber 19, the pressure of the intake air source is stabilized by the flow equalization plate within the chamber. Simultaneously, the air source parameters are verified by the sensor array within the chamber. If the verification result reaches the preset error range, the qualified intake air source flows sequentially through the airflow output pipe 24 and the intake fan 1 into the intake shaft 6 of the ventilation mine physical model, thus continuously providing the ventilation mine physical model in operation with sufficient intake air to meet experimental requirements. If the verification result does not reach the preset error range, the PLC control cabinet 4 immediately sends an opening command to the return flow control valve 26, causing the unqualified intake air source in the intake air static pressure buffer chamber 19 to be returned to the air source parameter adjustment unit via the return flow pipe 20 for secondary adjustment until the parameter verification result of the intake air source reaches the preset error range, at which point the qualified intake air source is input into the ventilation mine physical model.

[0059] Subsequently, the return air carrying residual heat, residual moisture, and dust is discharged again from the return air shaft 7 of the ventilation mine physical model, and after passing through return air filtration, pressure compensation, and air source parameter adjustment, it flows back into the intake air shaft 6 of the ventilation mine physical model, ultimately realizing the recycling of air source.

[0060] During the airflow circulation process, if there are instantaneous pressure fluctuations in the ventilation mine physical model due to equipment start-up and shutdown, the pressure sensors at the outlets of the inlet static pressure buffer chamber 19 and the return static pressure buffer chamber 21 will feed back the instantaneous pressure fluctuations to the PLC control cabinet 4 in real time. The PLC control cabinet 4 will dynamically adjust the operating power of the inlet air intake fan 1, the return air exhaust fan 2, the inlet air pressure compensation fan 16, and the return air pressure compensation fan 17 based on the instantaneous pressure fluctuation feedback data, or dynamically adjust the valve core opening of the inlet control valve 25 to immediately offset the pressure disturbances. Without increasing the model's air intake resistance, the air intake boundary of the ventilation mine physical model will be forcibly maintained near atmospheric pressure. In addition, if a sudden and immediate blockage occurs in any part of the airflow circulation, the feedback data from the pressure sensor will quickly exceed the preset safety threshold. At this time, the PLC control cabinet 4 will immediately send an opening command to the inlet air safety relief valve 22, the return air safety relief valve 23, and the return flow relief valve 27 to relieve pressure in the circulation pipeline as soon as possible. At the same time, it will send a shutdown command to the inlet air intake fan 1, the return air exhaust fan 2, the inlet air pressure compensation fan 16, and the return air pressure compensation fan 17 to cut off the power source until the abnormal high pressure alarm is cleared. Then, the staff will resolve and analyze the abnormal high pressure alarm.

[0061] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for physical experiments in mine ventilation, characterized in that: The system includes an intake fan, a return fan, an air source parameter adjustment unit, an intake pressure compensation unit, a return pressure compensation unit, a return air filter, a PLC control cabinet, and a central control console. The outlet of the intake fan is connected to the intake shaft of the ventilation mine physical model, and the inlet of the intake fan is connected to the air source parameter adjustment unit. The inlet of the return fan is connected to the return shaft of the ventilation mine physical model, and the outlet of the return fan is connected to the return pressure compensation unit via a return air filter. The intake pressure compensation unit is located between the air source parameter adjustment unit and the return pressure compensation unit. The electrical control ports of the intake fan, return fan, air source parameter adjustment unit, intake pressure compensation unit, and return pressure compensation unit are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet, and the PLC control cabinet is electrically connected to the central control console. The air source parameter adjustment unit includes a dehumidification buffer box, a dehumidifier, a heat exchanger, a chiller, a heater, a humidifier, a humidity control box, and an air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The inlet of the dehumidification buffer box is connected to an air inlet pressure compensation unit, and the outlet of the dehumidification buffer box is connected to the inlet of the dehumidifier. The outlet of the dehumidifier is connected to the airflow inlet of the heat exchanger. The airflow outlet of the heat exchanger is split into two outputs: one connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly, and the other connected to the humidity control box. The heater is positioned between the heat exchanger and the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The humidifier is mounted on the humidity control box, and the outlet of the humidity control box is connected to the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly. The chiller is connected to the cooling medium passage of the heat exchanger, and a cooling medium circulation pump is installed on the cooling medium circulation pipeline between the chiller and the heat exchanger. The electrical control ports of the chiller, heater, humidifier, and cooling medium circulation pump are all electrically connected to a PLC control cabinet. An inlet static pressure buffer chamber is installed between the outlet end of the air source parameter monitoring pipe assembly and the inlet end of the inlet air pressurization fan. A return flow pipe is connected between the inlet static pressure buffer chamber and the return flow pipe. An inlet safety pressure relief valve is installed at the top of the inlet static pressure buffer chamber. The return air pressure compensation unit adopts a return air pressure compensation fan. A return air static pressure buffer chamber is installed between the inlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan and the outlet end of the return air filter. A return air safety pressure relief valve is installed at the top of the return air static pressure buffer chamber. The electrical control ports of both the inlet and return air safety pressure relief valves are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

2. The circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are installed at both the inlet and outlet ends of the return air filter; the electrical control ports of the dust concentration sensors and differential pressure sensors are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

3. The circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first humidity sensor is installed at the outlet end of the dehumidifier; a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet end of the heat exchanger; a second humidity sensor is installed inside the humidity control box; the electrical control ports of the first humidity sensor, the temperature sensor, and the second humidity sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

4. The circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet air pressure compensation unit uses an inlet air pressure compensation fan; the outlet end of the return air pressure compensation fan is connected to the inlet end of the inlet air pressure compensation fan through a return pipe; the electrical control ports of both the inlet air pressure compensation fan and the return air pressure compensation fan are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet; a return pressure relief valve is installed on the return pipe, and the electrical control port of the return pressure relief valve is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

5. The circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sensor array for terminal verification of air source parameters is installed at the outlet end of the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber; a sensor array for front-end monitoring of return air parameters is installed at the outlet end of the return air static pressure buffer chamber; the sensor array includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a thermal gas mass flow meter, an anemometer, and a pressure sensor, and the electrical control port of the sensor array is electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

6. The circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: An airflow output pipe is connected between the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber and the inlet end of the air inlet fan, and an air inlet control valve is installed on the airflow output pipe; a return flow control valve is installed on the return flow pipe; the electrical control ports of the air inlet control valve and the return flow control valve are both electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

7. A circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air source parameter monitoring tube group includes a first air source parameter monitoring tube, a second air source parameter monitoring tube, and a third air source parameter monitoring tube, which are arranged in parallel. The first air source parameter monitoring tube is the main monitoring tube, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the humidity control box. The outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube is connected to the air inlet static pressure buffer chamber. The second and third air source parameter monitoring tubes are auxiliary monitoring tubes. Their inlets are connected to the inlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube, and their outlet ends are connected to the outlet end of the first air source parameter monitoring tube.

8. A circulating recirculation type air intake parameter control device suitable for mine ventilation physical experiments according to claim 7, characterized in that: A thermal gas mass flow meter and a main wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters are installed on the first air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the first air source parameter monitoring tube; a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the second air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the second air source parameter monitoring tube; a micro wind speed sensor for monitoring air source parameters is installed on the third air source parameter monitoring tube, and electric valves are installed at both ends of the third air source parameter monitoring tube; the electrical control ports of the thermal gas mass flow meter, main wind speed sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, micro wind speed sensor, and all electric valves are electrically connected to the PLC control cabinet.

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