An outdoor surveying device for georeferencing
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING LIJIATU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images
Figure CN122170325A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of geographic surveying and mapping technology, and in particular to an outdoor surveying and mapping device for geographic surveying and mapping. Background Technology
[0002] In geographic surveying operations, the accuracy of setting up surveying terminals such as total stations and GNSS receivers directly affects the measurement results. In outdoor surveying scenarios with complex terrain, it is necessary to frequently adjust the height and tilt angle of the surveying terminals to adapt to different measurement perspectives and terrain requirements. Existing outdoor surveying auxiliary equipment suffers from the following problems: First, height and angle adjustments are independent operations, resulting in cumbersome procedures and low work efficiency; second, some equipment relies on electric power, rendering it unusable in remote outdoor areas without power, indicating poor adaptability; third, the adjustment structure has low precision, easily causing jamming and misalignment during lifting and lowering, and insufficient stability in angle adjustment, affecting surveying accuracy; fourth, the equipment structure lacks versatility, making it difficult to adapt to various surveying terminals, and maintenance after outdoor operations is inconvenient. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of outdoor surveying equipment for geographic surveying. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Based on the technical problems in the background art, the present invention proposes an outdoor surveying and mapping device for geographic surveying and mapping.
[0004] This invention proposes an outdoor surveying device for geographic mapping, comprising: a lifting mechanism, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a bottom plate, the bottom plate being a square metal plate with a thickness of 8mm-12mm; a movable mechanism, fixedly mounted on top of the lifting mechanism and working in conjunction with the lifting mechanism to achieve angle adjustment; a surveying component, detachably mounted on top of the movable mechanism via bolts, compatible with geographic mapping terminals such as total stations and GNSS receivers; a circular plate, horizontally fixedly mounted on top of the lifting cylinder of the lifting mechanism, with an outer diameter of 100mm-120mm; two semi-circular plates, symmetrically fixedly mounted on top of the circular plate, each semi-circular plate having an arc radius of 30mm-40mm; and two arc blocks, symmetrically fixedly mounted on the bottom of the surveying disk of the movable mechanism, each arc block corresponding to one of the semi-circular plates; the lifting mechanism includes: a square frame, the bottom of which is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The top center features an aluminum alloy square frame structure. An internal plate is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the square frame on both sides, parallel to the bottom plate. Three cylindrical metal rods, each with an outer diameter of 18mm-22mm, are horizontally and rotatably connected to the square frame and internal plate via bearings, and are parallel to each other. A primary gear is interference-fitted into the middle of the low-speed rod, with a module of 2-3. A secondary gear is coaxially interference-fitted onto the intermediate-speed rod, with the secondary gear meshing with the primary gear at a clearance of 0.02mm-0.05mm. A driven gear is interference-fitted into the middle of the high-speed rod, meshing with the secondary gear at a clearance of 0.02mm-0.05mm. A bevel gear is integrally formed and fixed to the end of the high-speed rod, with a module of 2-3.
[0005] Preferably, the lifting mechanism further includes: side rods, four side rods are evenly distributed in a rectangle, and their ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square frame and fit against the bottom of the inner plate. The side rods are cylindrical metal rods with an outer diameter of 12mm-16mm; driven rods, driven rods are cylindrical metal rods with an outer diameter of 20mm-24mm, and are rotatably and vertically set at the center of the ends of the four side rods through bearings; helical gears, the top of the helical gears are interference-fitted to the bottom of the driven rods and mesh vertically with the bevel gears; prism rods, prism rods are regular hexagonal prism metal rods with a cross-sectional circumcircle diameter of 25mm-30mm, and their bottoms are integrally formed and fixedly set at the top of the driven rods, and are coaxially arranged with the driven rods.
[0006] Preferably, the lifting mechanism further includes: a prism ring, which is a regular hexagonal prism inner ring structure, with a clearance fit to the prism rod, the clearance being 0.05mm-0.1mm, and is movably sleeved on the periphery of the prism rod; a lifting cylinder, which is a cylindrical hollow metal cylinder with an inner diameter of 35mm-40mm, its bottom being interference-fitted onto the outer surface of the prism ring, and coaxially arranged with the prism rod; and a long strip plate, which is an elastic metal plate with a width of 15mm-20mm, and is spirally wound and fixedly arranged around the outer surface of the lifting cylinder, the spiral from bottom to top... The pitch of the screws decreases from 20mm to 50mm; the sliding rod is a cylindrical metal rod with an outer diameter of 8mm-12mm, which is spirally fixed around the outer edge of the long strip, consistent with the spiral trajectory of the long strip; two anti-detachment balls are welded and fixed at both ends of the sliding rod, with a diameter of 15mm-20mm, to prevent the sliding rod from detaching from the mating parts; three torsion blocks are evenly distributed in a ring, and are welded and fixed at the outer ends of the low-speed rod, medium-speed rod and high-speed rod, respectively, and are metal blocks wrapped with anti-slip rubber.
[0007] Preferably, the movable mechanism includes: a circular ring plate, which is a circular metal plate with an inner diameter of 40mm-45mm and an outer diameter of 150mm-180mm, and is horizontally fixed to the top of the square frame, with the lifting cylinder moving through its center; two side plates, which are symmetrically arranged, with their inner edges fixedly connected to the outer surface of the circular ring plate, and are arc-shaped metal plates; two vertical blocks, whose bottoms are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the top center of the two side plates; a rolling cylinder, which is a cylindrical hollow cylinder with an outer diameter of 25mm-30mm, and whose two outer surfaces are respectively rotatably connected to the top of the two vertical blocks through bearings; a central cylinder, which is a cylindrical metal cylinder with an outer diameter of 18mm-22mm, and is clearance-fitted with the rolling cylinder with a clearance of 0.03mm-0.06mm, and moves through the middle of the rolling cylinder; and two side support blocks, which are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the upper middle part of the outer surface of the central cylinder, and are square metal blocks.
[0008] Preferably, the movable mechanism further includes: a surveying disk, which is a circular metal plate with an outer diameter of 120mm-150mm, horizontally fixedly connected to the top of the two side support blocks and arranged parallel to the annular plate; a vertical rod, which is a cylindrical metal rod with an outer diameter of 12mm-16mm, rotatably and vertically arranged on the inner side of the annular plate via bearings, perpendicular to the lifting cylinder; and a notched ring, which is an open-type annular structure with an inner diameter of 8.1mm-12.1mm, welded and fixedly arranged on the top of the vertical rod, movably sleeved around the outer periphery of the sliding rod, and clearance-fitted with the sliding rod.
[0009] Preferably, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the side plate. The inclined plate is a triangular metal plate with an inclination angle of 15°-30° to the horizontal direction. The bottom edge of the inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square frame to form a triangular support structure. The axis of the vertical rod is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting cylinder. The top of the arc block is welded and fixed to the bottom of the surveying disk. The arc shape of the bottom of the arc block matches the arc shape of the semi-circular disk. The two slide together to realize the adjustment of the tilt angle of the surveying disk. The adjustment angle range is 0°-30°.
[0010] Preferably, the pitch circle diameter of the bevel gear is smaller than that of the helical gear, and the reduction ratio between the two is 1:2-1:3; the bevel gear and the helical gear maintain perpendicular meshing, the axial direction of the high-speed rod and the axial direction of the prism rod remain perpendicular, the axes of the low-speed rod, the medium-speed rod and the high-speed rod are on the same horizontal plane, and the bottom of the inner plate is welded and fixedly installed 50mm-60mm below the top of the inner wall of the square frame.
[0011] Preferably, the pitch circle diameter of the primary gear is consistent with that of the secondary gear, and the pitch circle diameter of the major gear is consistent with that of the driven gear. The pitch circle diameter of the primary gear is one-third that of the major gear, and the pitch circle diameter of the secondary gear is one-third that of the driven gear, thus achieving a three-stage reduction transmission. The primary gear, major gear, secondary gear, and driven gear are all located in the gap between the inner plate and the side wall of the square frame, with a gap width of 30mm-40mm, to avoid gear rotation interference.
[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the notched ring is 0.1mm-1mm larger than the outer diameter of the sliding rod. The two sliding rods are arranged in a symmetrical spiral around the periphery of the lifting cylinder. The spiral spacing of the sliding rods decreases linearly from 50mm to 20mm from bottom to top. The spiral spacing of the long strip plate from bottom to top is consistent with that of the sliding rods, so that the rotation speed of the lifting cylinder gradually decreases when it rises.
[0013] Preferably, the inner ends of the side rods are welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the inner plate. The four side rods are arranged in a ring around the driven rod as the center, and the included angle between adjacent side rods is 90°. The axial direction of the multiple side rods is perpendicular to the axial direction of the driven rod. The prism ring has a regular hexagonal prism opening in the middle that matches the structure of the prism rod to prevent the prism ring and the prism rod from rotating relative to each other. The axial direction of the prism rod is perpendicular to the ring plate, and the axial direction of the prism rod passes through the center of the ring plate to ensure that the lifting cylinder rises and falls vertically.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The gear transmission of the lifting mechanism drives the lifting cylinder to rise and fall vertically. The spiral sliding rod on the lifting cylinder pushes the notched ring to rotate, thereby causing the surveying disk to tilt around the rolling cylinder and the central cylinder as fulcrums. This achieves synchronous linkage between height increase and tilt angle increase, and height decrease and tilt angle decrease, eliminating the need for independent operation of height and angle adjustment modules, significantly simplifying the adjustment process and improving the efficiency of outdoor surveying operations. Through a three-stage parallel reduction transmission of the primary gear and large gear, secondary gear and driven gear, combined with the vertical reduction transmission of bevel gears and helical gears, progressive reduction of power is achieved, reducing the rotational speed of the lifting cylinder and improving the precision of height adjustment. The long strip plate and sliding rod on the outer surface of the lifting cylinder are both spirally wound structures, and the spirals from bottom to top... The screw pitch decreases linearly from 50mm to 20mm, causing the lifting cylinder's rotational speed to gradually decrease during ascent. Initially, the screw pitch is large, resulting in a faster lifting speed and enabling coarse height adjustment. Later, the screw pitch decreases, slowing the ascent and enabling fine height adjustment. This aligns with the outdoor surveying operation's requirement of "coarse adjustment to find the position, then fine adjustment to determine accuracy," allowing for precise adjustment of the tilt angle of the surveying disk and surveying components, offering the advantage of precise angle adjustment. The hexagonal cooperation between the prism rod and prism ring prevents relative rotation, ensuring the lifting cylinder rises and falls vertically without offset or jamming. The sliding cooperation between the arc block and the semi-circular disk provides precise guidance for the tilt of the surveying disk, while the tilting plate forms a triangular support, enhancing the stability of the moving mechanism, preventing angle deviations caused by external vibrations, and ensuring surveying accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic surveying proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the active mechanism of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic surveying proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping. Figure 3 ; Figure 7 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping. Figure 4 ; Figure 8This invention presents a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping. Figure 5 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rectangular frame of an outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping proposed in this invention.
[0016] In the diagram: Bottom plate 1, Square frame 2, Bearing 1 21, Low speed lever 22, Medium speed lever 23, High speed lever 24, Primary gear 25, Large gear 26, Secondary gear 27, Driven gear 28, Bevel gear 29, Bearing 210, Driven lever 211, Helical gear 212, Prism lever 213, Prism ring 214, Lifting cylinder 215, Long strip plate 216, Sliding rod 217, Anti-ball detachment 218, Side rod 219, Internal plate 220, Torsion block 221, Circular ring plate 3, Side plate 31, Vertical block 32, Rolling cylinder 33, Central cylinder 34, Side support block 35, Mapping disc 36, Bearing 37, Vertical rod 38, Notched ring 39, Mapping component 4, Circular plate 5, Semi-circular disc 6, Arc block 7, Inclined plate 8. Detailed Implementation
[0017] Reference Figures 1 to 9 An outdoor surveying device for geographic mapping includes: a lifting mechanism, with a bottom plate 1 fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism. The bottom plate 1 is a square metal plate with a thickness of 8mm-12mm and 11mm. A movable mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism and works in conjunction with the lifting mechanism to achieve angle adjustment. A surveying component 4 is detachably installed on the top of the movable mechanism by bolts. The surveying component 4 can be a geographic mapping terminal such as a total station or a GNSS receiver. A circular plate 5 is horizontally fixed on the top of the lifting cylinder 215 of the lifting mechanism, with an outer diameter of 100mm-120mm and 110mm. Two semicircular plates 6 are symmetrically fixed on the top of the circular plate 5. The radius of the arc of the semicircular plates 6 is 30mm-40mm and 38mm. Two arc blocks 7 are symmetrically fixed on the bottom of the surveying disk 36 of the movable mechanism, with each arc block 7 corresponding to one of the semicircular plates 6.
[0018] In this invention, the lifting mechanism includes: a square frame 2, the bottom of which is vertically fixed to the top center of the bottom plate 1, and is an aluminum alloy square frame structure; an inner plate 220, the two sides of which are fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the inner wall of the square frame 2, and are arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the square frame 2; a low-speed rod 22, a medium-speed rod 23, and a high-speed rod 24, all of which are cylindrical metal rods with an outer diameter of 18mm-22mm, and an outer diameter of 20mm. The three rods are rotatably and horizontally arranged in the square frame 2 and the inner plate 220 through a bearing 21, and are parallel to each other.
[0019] In this invention, a primary gear 25 is interference-fitted and fixed to the middle of the low-speed rod 22, with a module of 2-3; a secondary gear 26 and a secondary gear 27 are coaxially interference-fitted and fixed to the intermediate-speed rod 23, with the secondary gear 26 meshing with the primary gear 25 with a meshing clearance of 0.02mm-0.05mm and the meshing clearance between the secondary gear 26 and the primary gear 25 being 0.03mm; a driven gear 28 is interference-fitted and fixed to the middle of the high-speed rod 24, with the driven gear 28 meshing with the secondary gear 27 with a meshing clearance of 0.02mm-0.05mm and the meshing clearance between the driven gear 28 and the secondary gear 27 being 0.03mm; and a bevel gear 29 is integrally formed and fixed to the end of the high-speed rod 24, with a module of 2-3 and the module of the bevel gear 29 being 2.
[0020] In this invention, the lifting mechanism further includes: four side rods 219, which are evenly distributed in a rectangular shape, with their ends fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square frame 2 and attached to the bottom of the inner plate 220. The side rods 219 are cylindrical metal rods with an outer diameter of 12mm-16mm, and the outer diameter of the side rod 219 is 14mm; and a driven rod 211, which is also a cylindrical metal rod with an outer diameter of 20mm-24mm, and the outer diameter of the driven rod 211 is 24mm, and it is driven by a shaft. The second bearing 210 is rotatably and vertically mounted at the center of the ends of the four side rods 219; the top of the helical gear 212 is interference-fitted to the bottom of the driven rod 211 and meshes perpendicularly with the bevel gear 29; the prism rod 213 is a regular hexagonal prism metal rod with a cross-sectional circumcircle diameter of 25mm-30mm and a cross-sectional circumcircle diameter of 28mm, and its bottom is integrally formed and fixedly mounted on the top of the driven rod 211, and is coaxially mounted with the driven rod 211.
[0021] In this invention, the lifting mechanism further includes: a prism ring 214, which is a regular hexagonal prism inner ring structure, and is clearance-fitted with the prism rod 213 with a clearance of 0.05mm-0.1mm. The clearance between the prism ring 214 and the prism rod 213 is 0.02mm, and it is movably sleeved around the periphery of the prism rod 213; a lifting cylinder 215, which is a cylindrical hollow metal cylinder with an inner diameter of 35mm-40mm, and the inner diameter of the lifting cylinder 215 is 38mm. Its bottom is interference-fitted onto the outer surface of the prism ring 214 and is coaxially arranged with the prism rod 213; and a long strip plate 216, which is an elastic metal plate with a width of 15mm-20mm, and the width of the long strip plate 216 is 18mm. It is spirally wound and fixedly arranged around the lifting cylinder 215. The outer surface of the slide bar has a spiral spacing that decreases from 20mm to 50mm from bottom to top; the sliding rod 217 is a cylindrical metal rod with an outer diameter of 8mm-12mm and an outer diameter of 10mm. Its spiral is fixedly mounted around the outer edge of the long strip 216 and is consistent with the spiral trajectory of the long strip 216; two anti-detachment balls 218 are welded and fixedly mounted at both ends of the sliding rod 217, with a diameter of 15mm-20mm and a diameter of 15mm, to prevent the sliding rod 217 from detaching from the mating parts; three torsion blocks 221 are evenly distributed in a ring and are welded and fixedly mounted at the outer ends of the low-speed rod 22, medium-speed rod 23 and high-speed rod 24, respectively, and are anti-slip rubber-wrapped metal block structures.
[0022] In this invention, the movable mechanism includes: a circular ring plate 3, which is a circular metal plate with an inner diameter of 40mm-45mm and an outer diameter of 150mm-180mm. The inner diameter of the circular ring plate 3 is 42mm and the outer diameter is 170mm. It is horizontally fixed to the top of the square frame 2, and a lifting cylinder 215 movably passes through its center; two side plates 31, symmetrically arranged, with their inner edges fixedly connected to the outer surface of the circular ring plate 3, and are arc-shaped metal plates; two vertical blocks 32, the bottoms of which are vertically fixedly connected to the top centers of the two side plates 31; and a rolling cylinder 33, which is a cylindrical hollow cylinder. The outer diameter is 25mm-30mm, and the outer diameter of the rolling cylinder 33 is 28mm. The outer surfaces of its two ends are rotatably connected to the top of the two vertical blocks 32 through bearings. The center cylinder 34 is a cylindrical metal cylinder with an outer diameter of 18mm-22mm and an outer diameter of 20mm. It is clearance-fitted with the rolling cylinder 33 with a clearance of 0.03mm-0.06mm. The distance between the center cylinder 34 and the rolling cylinder 33 is 0.04mm. It moves through the middle of the rolling cylinder 33. The two side support blocks 35 are symmetrically fixed on the upper middle part of the outer surface of the center cylinder 34 and are square metal blocks.
[0023] In this invention, the movable mechanism further includes: a surveying disk 36, which is a circular metal plate with an outer diameter of 120mm-150mm and an outer diameter of 140mm. It is horizontally fixed to the top of the two side support blocks 35 and is arranged parallel to the annular plate 3; a vertical rod 38, which is a cylindrical metal rod with an outer diameter of 12mm-16mm and an outer diameter of 14mm. It is rotatably and vertically arranged on the inner side of the annular plate 3 via bearing 37 and is perpendicular to the lifting cylinder 215; and a notched ring 39, which is an open annular structure with an inner diameter of 8.1mm-12.1mm and an inner diameter of 10.1mm. It is welded and fixed to the top of the vertical rod 38 and movably sleeved around the sliding rod 217, with a clearance fit with the sliding rod 217.
[0024] In this invention, an inclined plate 8 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the side plate 31. The inclined plate 8 is a triangular metal plate with an inclination angle of 15°-30° to the horizontal direction. The bottom edge of the inclined plate 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square frame 2 to form a triangular support structure. The axial direction of the vertical rod 38 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the lifting cylinder 215. The top of the arc block 7 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the surveying disk 36. The arc shape of the bottom of the arc block 7 matches the arc shape of the semi-circular disk 6. The two slide together to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the surveying disk 36. The adjustment angle range is 0°-30°.
[0025] In this invention, the pitch circle diameter of the bevel gear 29 is smaller than that of the helical gear 212, and their reduction ratio is 1:2-1:3. The bevel gear 29 and the helical gear 212 maintain perpendicular meshing. The axial direction of the high-speed rod 24 and the axial direction of the prism rod 213 remain perpendicular. The axes of the low-speed rod 22, the medium-speed rod 23, and the high-speed rod 24 are on the same horizontal plane. The bottom of the inner plate 220 is welded and fixedly installed 50mm-60mm below the top of the inner wall of the square frame 2. The high-speed rod 24 is used for coarse adjustment, and the low-speed rod 22 is used for fine adjustment. By holding the torsion block 221 and rotating it clockwise, the low-speed rod 22 drives the primary gear 25 to rotate. After three stages of parallel reduction through the large gear 26, the secondary gear 27, and the driven gear 28, the high-speed gear 25 is reduced to a certain speed. The speed lever 24 drives the bevel gear 29 to rotate. The bevel gear 29 meshes with the helical gear 212, converting the horizontal rotational power into the vertical rotation of the driven rod 211, which in turn drives the prism rod 213 to rotate. The prism rod 213 cooperates with the prism ring 214 to drive the lifting cylinder 215 to rise vertically. When the lifting cylinder 215 rises, the sliding rod 217 pushes the notched ring 39 to rotate, which drives the vertical rod 38 to rotate, causing the surveying disk 36 to tilt with the rolling cylinder 33 and the central cylinder 34 as fulcrums. The arc block 7 and the semi-circular disk 6 slide to provide guidance for the tilt, realizing the synchronous linkage of the height increase and the tilt angle increase. The torsion block 221 is rotated counterclockwise, the lifting cylinder 215 descends vertically, and the tilt angle of the surveying disk 36 decreases until it returns to horizontal.
[0026] In this invention, the pitch circle diameter of the primary gear 25 is consistent with that of the secondary gear 27, and the pitch circle diameter of the major gear 26 is consistent with that of the driven gear 28. The pitch circle diameter of the primary gear 25 is one-third that of the major gear 26, and the pitch circle diameter of the secondary gear 27 is one-third that of the driven gear 28, thus achieving a three-stage reduction transmission. The primary gear 25, major gear 26, secondary gear 27, and driven gear 28 are all located in the gap between the inner plate 220 and the side wall of the square frame 2, with a gap width of 30mm-40mm and a gap width of 35mm, to avoid gear rotation interference.
[0027] In this invention, the inner diameter of the notched ring 39 is 0.1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sliding rod 217, and the two sliding rods 217 are arranged in a symmetrical spiral around the periphery of the lifting cylinder 215. The spiral spacing of the sliding rods 217 decreases linearly from 50 mm to 20 mm from bottom to top. The spiral spacing of the long strip 216 from bottom to top is consistent with that of the sliding rods 217, so that the rotation speed of the lifting cylinder 215 gradually decreases when it rises.
[0028] In this invention, the inner ends of the side rods 219 are welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the inner plate 220. The four side rods 219 are arranged in a ring around the driven rod 211, and the included angle between adjacent side rods 219 is 90°. The axial direction of the multiple side rods 219 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the driven rod 211. The prism ring 214 has a regular hexagonal prism opening in the middle that matches the structure of the prism rod 213 to prevent the prism ring 214 from rotating relative to the prism rod 213. The axial direction of the prism rod 213 is perpendicular to the annular plate 3, and the axial direction of the prism rod 213 passes through the center of the annular plate 3 to ensure that the lifting cylinder 215 rises and falls vertically.
[0029] In use, the power input of the equipment is the manual rotation of the torsion block 221. The low-speed lever 22, medium-speed lever 23, and high-speed lever 24 are all equipped with anti-slip rubber-wrapped torsion blocks 221 at their outer ends, enabling fine-tuning, medium-tuning, and coarse-tuning modes respectively, meeting the adjustment requirements of different surveying accuracies. The power is transmitted through a multi-stage transmission structure of three-stage parallel reduction and one-stage vertical reduction, achieving power reduction and torque increase, reducing the speed of subsequent moving parts, and improving adjustment accuracy. The low-speed lever 22, medium-speed lever 23, and high-speed lever 24 are parallel to each other and rotate horizontally through bearing 21. The primary gear 25, large gear 26, secondary gear 27, and driven gear 28 form a three-stage parallel reduction meshing structure. The pitch circle diameters of the primary and secondary gears are the same, as are the pitch circle diameters of the large and driven gears, with the diameter of the primary gear being one-third that of the large gear. Manually rotating the torsion block 221 drives the low-speed lever 22 to rotate. During rotation, the primary gear 25 meshes with the large gear 26, achieving the first reduction, and the power is transmitted to the intermediate speed lever 23. The secondary gear 27 on the intermediate speed lever 23 meshes with the driven gear 28, achieving the second reduction. The two meshings are superimposed to achieve a three-stage parallel total reduction ratio of 1:9, which greatly reduces the speed of the high-speed lever 24 and increases the torque simultaneously. The bevel gear 29 at the end of the high-speed lever 24 meshes perpendicularly with the helical gear 212 at the bottom of the driven lever 211, and the pitch circle diameter of the bevel gear is smaller than that of the helical gear. The reduction ratio between the two is 1:2-1:3, completing the fourth reduction. At the same time, this structure achieves a 90° conversion of the direction of motion, converting the horizontal rotational power of the high-speed lever 24 into the vertical rotational power of the driven lever 211, providing a foundation for subsequent lifting and lowering movements. After multi-stage reduction, the overall total reduction ratio can reach 1:18-1:27, which greatly improves the accuracy of height adjustment and avoids over-adjustment due to excessive speed. In use, the lifting mechanism, through the circumferential limiting cooperation between the prism rod 213 and the prism ring 214, converts the vertical rotational power of the driven rod 211 into the vertical linear lifting motion of the lifting cylinder 215. This process is seamless and without any deviation or jamming, ensuring the verticality of the lifting and providing a foundation for the stable installation of the surveying terminal. The prism rod 213 is a regular hexagonal prism structure, coaxially fixed with the driven rod 211. The prism ring 214 is an inner ring adapted to the regular hexagonal prism, movably fitted around the prism rod 213. The clearance between the two is only 0.05mm-0.1mm. When the driven rod 211 rotates vertically, the prism rod 213 rotates synchronously. Due to the structural limitation of the hexagonal prism, the prism ring 214 cannot rotate relative to the prism rod 213, and can only move vertically in a straight line as the prism rod 213 rotates. The bottom of the lifting cylinder 215 is interference-fitted to the prism ring 214, and the two are an integrated structure. The vertical linear movement of the prism ring 214 directly drives the lifting cylinder 215 to move vertically and synchronously along the axial direction of the prism rod 213. At the same time, the axial direction of the prism rod 213 passes through the center of the annular plate 3, and the lifting cylinder 215 moves through the center of the annular plate 3. The double limitation further ensures the verticality of the lifting cylinder 215 during the lifting process and avoids deviation or tilting. In use, the long strip plate 216 and sliding rod 217 on the outer surface of the lifting cylinder 215 are both spirally wound structures, and the spiral spacing decreases linearly from 50mm to 20mm from bottom to top. This design causes the rotational speed of the lifting cylinder 215 to gradually decrease during the ascent: the spiral spacing is large in the early stage of ascent and the lifting cylinder rises faster, achieving coarse height adjustment; the spiral spacing is small in the later stage of ascent and the rising speed slows down, achieving fine height adjustment, which meets the operational requirements of "first coarse adjustment to find the position, then fine adjustment to determine the accuracy" in outdoor surveying. Through the sliding cooperation between the sliding rod 217 on the lifting cylinder 215 and the notched ring 39 of the movable mechanism, the vertical lifting motion of the lifting cylinder 215 is converted into the tilt angle adjustment motion of the surveying disk 36, realizing the synchronous linkage of height and angle, that is, when the lifting cylinder rises, the vertical lifting motion of the lifting cylinder 215 is converted into the tilt angle adjustment motion of the surveying disk 36, achieving synchronous linkage of height and angle, that is, when the lifting cylinder rises, the vertical lifting motion of the lifting cylinder 215 is converted into the tilt angle adjustment motion of the surveying disk 36, achieving the ... The increased tilt angle of the drawing plate reduces the tilt angle when the lifting cylinder descends, eliminating the need for an independent angle adjustment structure and significantly simplifying the operation process. The notched ring 39 is an open-type ring structure that is movably fitted around the sliding rod 217. The inner diameter of the ring is 0.1mm-1mm larger than the outer diameter of the sliding rod, providing a reasonable clearance for sliding fit. When the sliding rod 217 moves vertically up and down with the lifting cylinder 215, its spiral structure generates a circumferential thrust on the notched ring 39, causing it to rotate around its own center. The notched ring 39 is fixed to the top of the vertical rod 38, which is vertically rotated inside the annular plate 3 via bearing 37. Therefore, the rotational power of the notched ring 39 is directly transmitted to the vertical rod 38, causing it to rotate synchronously vertically. In use, the surveying disk 36 serves as the mounting base for the surveying component 4. Its bottom is fixed to the central cylinder 34 via side support blocks 35. The central cylinder 34 movably passes through the middle of the rolling cylinder 33, which is rotatably connected to the vertical block 32 via bearings. This structure allows the surveying disk 36 to tilt and rotate up and down with the axis of the rolling cylinder 33 and the central cylinder 34 as the fulcrum, providing a motion basis for angle adjustment. The rotation of the vertical rod 38 directly drives the surveying disk 36 to tilt around the aforementioned fulcrum. At the same time, the arc block 7 at the bottom of the surveying disk 36 precisely slides and engages with the semi-circular disk 6 on the top disc plate 5 of the lifting cylinder 215, providing a precise fit for the surveying disk. The tilting mechanism provides guidance and limits, preventing deviation and swaying during tilting and ensuring the stability of angle adjustment. The sliding fit structure between the arc block 7 and the semi-circular disk 6 limits the tilt angle range of the surveying disk 36 to 0°-30°, which meets the angle adjustment needs of most terrains in outdoor surveying. At the same time, the spiral trajectory of the sliding rod 217 is linearly related to the lifting height of the lifting cylinder 215, so that the tilt angle of the surveying disk changes synchronously and proportionally with the lifting height of the lifting cylinder. The higher the lifting height, the larger the tilt angle, and the angle change is uniform, without sudden changes or jamming, achieving precise linkage between height and angle. In use, the inclined plate 8 on the outer surface of the side plate 31 is a triangular metal plate, which forms a triangular support with the outer wall of the square frame 2 and the side plate 31, greatly improving the structural strength of the moving mechanism and preventing structural deformation and shaking when the surveying disk is tilted or subjected to external vibration; the anti-detachment ball 218 at both ends of the sliding rod 217 has a larger diameter than the inner diameter of the notched ring 39, which can effectively prevent the sliding rod 217 from disengaging from the notched ring 39 during the lifting process, thus avoiding failure of the linkage structure; bearings are installed at all rotating joints of the equipment to convert sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing rotational wear, extending the service life of the equipment, and making manual adjustment easier; the torsion block 221 adopts a non-slip rubber-wrapped metal block structure to increase the friction of manual gripping and prevent slippage during rotation; the surveying component 4 can be detachably installed on the surveying disk 36 by bolts, which is compatible with various specifications of surveying terminals such as total stations and GNSS receivers, and the bolt connection is convenient to install and remove, improving the versatility of the equipment; The overall operation of this equipment is a continuous mechanical motion process of manual power input → multi-stage reduction transmission → rotation to linear lifting → lifting linkage angle adjustment, without any electric drive components. The specific process is as follows: Manually holding the torsion block 221 and rotating it clockwise and counterclockwise inputs manual power to the lifting mechanism; the power is transmitted to the driven rod 211 through three-stage parallel reduction of the primary gear-large gear and secondary gear-driven gear, and vertical reduction + direction conversion of the bevel gear-helical gear, causing it to rotate vertically; the vertical rotation of the driven rod 211 is converted into the lifting cylinder 2 by the circumferential limiting of the prism rod-prism ring. The vertical linear lifting of the lifting cylinder 215 is as follows: When the lifting cylinder 215 is raised or lowered, the spiral sliding rod 217 pushes the notch ring 39 to rotate, which drives the vertical rod 38 to rotate, so that the surveying disk 36 tilts with the rolling cylinder-center cylinder as the fulcrum. The arc block and the semi-circular disk slide and guide, realizing the synchronous linkage of height and angle. After the height and tilt angle of the surveying disk 36 are adjusted to the required surveying position, the rotation of the torsion block 221 is stopped. The meshing self-locking property of the mechanical structure can ensure that the position is fixed, and the surveying operation can be carried out. After the operation is completed, the torsion block 221 is rotated counterclockwise, the lifting cylinder descends to the lowest position, the surveying disk returns to the horizontal, and the reset is completed.
[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An outdoor surveying device for geographic mapping, characterized in that: include: The lifting mechanism has a bottom plate (1) fixedly installed at its bottom. The movable mechanism is located on top of the lifting mechanism and works in conjunction with the lifting mechanism to achieve angle adjustment; The surveying component (4) is detachably mounted on the top of the movable mechanism by bolts; Disc plate (5), the disc plate (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism; A semi-circular disk (6), at least one semi-circular disk (6) is fixedly disposed on the top of the disk plate (5); At least one arc block (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the movable mechanism; The lifting mechanism includes: A square frame (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (1) at its bottom. The inner panel (220) is fixedly installed on both sides of the square frame (2) on the inner wall; Low-speed lever (22), medium-speed lever (23) and high-speed lever (24) are rotatably installed in the square frame (2) and the inner plate (220) through a rotating component; The primary gear (25) is interference-fitted onto the low-speed lever (22); The large gear (26) and the secondary gear (27) are interference-fitted onto the intermediate speed rod (23), and the large gear (26) and the primary gear (25) are engaged. The secondary gear (28) is interference-fitted onto the high-speed rod (24), and the secondary gear (28) and the secondary gear (27) remain meshed. A bevel gear (29) is fixedly mounted on the end of the high-speed rod (24).
2. The outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism also includes: Side rods (219), the ends of multiple side rods (219) are fixed to the inner wall of the square frame (2); Driven rod (211), driven rod (211) is rotatably and vertically disposed at the end center of multiple side rods (219) via a rotating member; Helical gear (212), the top of which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of driven rod (211); The bottom of the prism rod (213) is fixedly mounted on the top of the driven rod (211).
3. The outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism also includes: Prism ring (214), prism ring (214) is movably fitted around the prism rod (213); The bottom of the lifting cylinder (215) is interference-fitted onto the surface of the prism ring (214); A long strip (216) is spirally and fixedly mounted on the surface of the lifting cylinder (215); A sliding rod (217) is spirally and fixedly mounted on the edge of a long strip (216); Anti-detachment ball (218): Two anti-detachment balls (218) are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding rod (217) to prevent the sliding rod (217) from disengaging from the mating parts; Torsion blocks (221) are fixedly installed at the ends of the low-speed rod (22), the medium-speed rod (23) and the high-speed rod (24).
4. The outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that, The organizations involved in the activities include: A circular ring plate (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the square frame (2); Side plate (31), the edge of side plate (31) is fixedly set on the surface of ring plate (3); Vertical blocks (32), at least two vertical blocks (32) are fixedly mounted at the bottom to the top of the side plate (31); A rolling cylinder (33) is fixedly mounted on the top of a vertical block (32); The central cylinder (34) is movably inserted through the middle of the rolling cylinder (33); Side support block (35) is fixedly installed on the surface of the central cylinder (34).
5. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that, The activity organization also includes: The surveying disk (36) is fixedly mounted on the top of the two side support blocks (35); Vertical rod (38) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the annular plate (3) via a rotating component; Notched ring (39) is fixedly installed at the end of vertical rod (38).
6. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, An inclined plate (8) is fixedly provided on the surface of the side plate (31). The edge of the inclined plate (8) is fixedly provided on the side of the square frame (2). The axial direction of the vertical rod (38) and the axial direction of the lifting cylinder (215) are perpendicular. The top of the arc block (7) is fixedly provided on the bottom of the surveying disk (36). The arc shape of the bottom of the arc block (7) matches the shape of the semi-circular disk (6).
7. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the bevel gear (29) is smaller than that of the helical gear (212). The bevel gear (29) and the helical gear (212) are perpendicular to each other. The axial direction of the high-speed rod (24) and the axial direction of the prism rod (213) are perpendicular to each other. The low-speed rod (22), the medium-speed rod (23) and the high-speed rod (24) are parallel to each other. The bottom of the inner plate (220) is fixedly set on the top of the square frame (2).
8. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the primary gear (25) is the same as that of the secondary gear (27), and the diameter of the major gear (26) is the same as that of the driven gear (28). The diameter of the primary gear (25) is smaller than that of the major gear (26), and the diameter of the secondary gear (27) is smaller than that of the driven gear (28). The primary gear (25), major gear (26), secondary gear (27) and driven gear (28) are all located in the gap between the inner plate (220) and the side wall of the square frame (2).
9. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the notched ring (39) is larger than the diameter of the sliding rod (217). The two sliding rods (217) are spirally arranged around the periphery of the lifting cylinder (215). The spiral spacing of the sliding rods (217) decreases sequentially from bottom to top, and the spiral spacing of the long strip (216) decreases sequentially from bottom to top.
10. An outdoor surveying equipment for geographic mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the side rod (219) is fixedly set on the surface of the inner plate (220). Multiple side rods (219) are arranged around the periphery of the driven rod (211). The axial direction of the multiple side rods (219) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the driven rod (211). The prism ring (214) has a prism opening in the middle that matches the prism rod (213). The axial direction of the prism rod (213) is perpendicular to the annular plate (3), and the axial direction of the prism rod (213) passes through the center of the annular plate (3).