A surveying and mapping device for land surveying in different terrains

Abstract

This invention provides a land surveying device for different terrains, belonging to the technical field of land surveying and mapping. It includes a surveyor with a connecting plate at its lower end, on which the surveyor rests. A support frame is hinged to the connecting plate. The device also includes an adjustment box connected to the support frame. Inside the adjustment box is a steering plate with a slotted hole through which a pull rope is inserted. The pull rope is connected to a reciprocating mechanism. A sliding rod is connected to the bottom of the adjustment box, with a stop plate at its end. The sliding rod is inserted into the adjustment box and slidably connected to it. The steering plate limits the stop plate. The reciprocating mechanism includes a worm gear, a worm, and a rotating shaft. A rope winding drum is mounted on the rotating shaft and connected to the pull rope. The advantages are that it not only ensures stable support for the surveyor but also achieves stable and precise adjustment of the surveyor through a combination of coarse and fine adjustments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of land surveying and mapping, and specifically to a surveying and mapping device for land surveying in different terrains. Background Technology

[0002] Land surveying is an important foundation for land management. It mainly uses surveying techniques to accurately measure the location, size, and coordinates of ownership boundaries of various types of land to meet the needs of land management departments and other national economic construction departments. The land surveying process requires the use of surveying equipment and scientific methods within a designated area.

[0003] Existing surveying equipment generally uses tripods for support. When conducting land surveys, the tripod's support angle is adjusted to ensure stable surveying work. However, when facing terrain with complex topography, it is inconvenient to level and fix the surveying device at the bottom of the tripod, which reduces the stability of the measurement.

[0004] A prior art patent with publication number CN119245616A was found, which specifically discloses a land surveying and mapping device and method that can be used in different terrains. The device includes a surveying support mechanism and a rotating base installed inside the surveying support mechanism. The top of the surveying support mechanism is provided with a protective mounting mechanism, and protective rotating supports are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protective mounting mechanism. The device further includes: a support ring for the surveying support mechanism; a plurality of first rotating supports are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support ring; the number of first rotating supports is three; the bottom of each first rotating support is rotatably connected to a first rotating leg; the outer side of each first rotating leg has a plurality of fixed insertion holes; the outer side of the bottom of each first rotating leg is slidably connected to a second sliding leg; the bottom of each second sliding leg is rotatably connected to a second rotating support; a third rotating support is fixedly installed around the bottom of the rotating support ring; the bottom of each third rotating support is rotatably connected to a supporting rotating rod; and the bottom of the supporting rotating rod is rotatably connected to a fourth rotating support.

[0005] A prior art patent with publication number CN121783106A was found, which discloses a remote sensing mapping device based on different urban and rural terrain planning. The device includes a base with multiple rotating rods evenly distributed around its outer circumference. Adjacent rotating rods are connected by target cloths. After the rotating rods are rotated and unfolded to a horizontal position, the target cloths unfold and form a mapping target. A groove is formed inside each rotating rod, with the length of the groove parallel to the axial direction of the rotating rod. A sliding plate is slidably mounted within the groove. A driving component is installed inside the rotating rod, enabling the sliding plate to slide within the groove. Sliding rods are elastically rotatably mounted on both sides of the sliding plate, with their axial directions parallel to the rotating rod. The axial direction of the rod is parallel. The end of the slide rod away from the slide plate is fixedly connected to one end of the insertion rod. The insertion rod is perpendicular to the slide rod. The end of the insertion rod away from the slide rod is machined with a bevel. The two insertion rods in the same slide groove are mirror images of each other. A slot is opened on the side of the rotating rod away from the base. The insertion rod is engaged in the slot. A protrusion is fixed on the outer edge of the slide rod near the slide plate. A combination groove corresponding to the protrusion is opened on the groove wall of the slide groove. The protrusion is slidably engaged in the combination groove. During the process of the slide rod driving the insertion rod away from the base, under the guidance of the protrusion by the combination groove, the slide rod and the insertion rod first move along the axial direction of the rotating rod, and then rotate 90 degrees forward, 90 degrees backward, and 90 degrees forward in sequence.

[0006] Analysis of the existing technologies shows that while the surveying device can be used on different terrains, the solutions mentioned above are not ideal for complex terrain. This is because when using the device on complex terrain, flexible adjustments between the legs are required, and the contact quality between the lower end of the legs and the ground must be maintained to ensure the stability of the entire surveying device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a surveying and mapping device for land surveying in different terrains, which not only enables stable support of the surveyor, but also achieves stable and precise adjustment of the surveyor through the cooperation of coarse and fine adjustments.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a land surveying device for different terrains, comprising a surveyor, a connecting plate at the lower end of the surveyor, the surveyor being placed on the connecting plate, and a support frame hinged to the connecting plate, and further comprising...

[0009] An adjusting box is connected to a support frame. Inside the adjusting box is a steering plate with a slotted hole through which a pull rope is inserted. The pull rope is connected to a reciprocating mechanism. A sliding rod is connected to the bottom of the adjusting box, and a stop plate is located at the end of the sliding rod. The sliding rod is inserted into the adjusting box and slidably connected to it. The steering plate limits the stop plate. The reciprocating mechanism includes a worm gear, a worm, and a rotating shaft. A rope winding drum is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the rope winding drum is connected to the pull rope.

[0010] A balance adjustment device includes a first connecting plate connected to a slide rod, an adjustment cylinder disposed between the first connecting plate and the slide rod, a first screw connected to both ends of the adjustment cylinder, the first screw hinged to the slide rod and the first connecting plate respectively, a second connecting plate connected to the first connecting plate, a flip plate connected to the lower end of the slide rod, and the flip plate connected to the second connecting plate.

[0011] The terrain-adaptive fixing device includes an air cushion disposed at the lower end of the flip plate, and a fixing sleeve disposed on the outer side of the air cushion, which is connected to the flip plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the steering plates are arranged at equal intervals in the adjustment box. Each steering plate has a through hole, and a pin is inserted into the through hole. The steering plate rotates around the pin, and both ends of the pin are fixed to the inner side of the adjustment box. The through hole is located at the outward end of the steering plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the strip-shaped hole penetrates the steering plate. When the steering plate is placed horizontally, the strip-shaped hole is vertical. The pull rope passes through the strip-shaped hole from top to bottom. A baffle is provided on the pull rope. The baffle and the pull rope are fixedly connected and are perpendicular to each other. A baffle is provided above and below the steering plate. A distance is provided between the baffle and the end face of the steering plate. One set of baffles corresponds to one steering plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the two ends of the rotating shaft are mounted on the inner side of the adjusting box via bearings. A rope drum is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rope drum and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected. A worm is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a worm wheel is connected to the worm. The worm wheel is located in the middle downward position of the worm. The worm wheel is connected to a shaft, which is mounted on the adjusting box via the shaft. The shaft and the adjusting box are connected via bearings. There are two rotating shafts, which are respectively located above and below the steering plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a fixing clamp is provided on the rope drum, and the fixing clamp is fixedly connected to the rope drum. The end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp. The amount of rope wound around the rope drum is one turn. The reciprocating motion of the pull rope is realized by rotating the fixing clamp.

[0016] Furthermore, the gear shift plate is located at the upper end of the slide rod and is placed in the adjustment box. A pad is provided in the adjustment box and the pad is fixed on the inner side of the adjustment box. The slide rod contacts and connects to the pad and slides along the pad. The gear shift plate and the slide rod are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the gear shift plate are inserted into the position between two adjacent steering plates to complete the fixation of the gear shift plate.

[0017] Furthermore, an adjustment knob is provided on the outer surface of the adjustment box. The adjustment knob is connected to a worm gear located inside the adjustment box via a shaft. The shaft and the adjustment box are connected by a bearing. A wing plate is fixedly provided at the outer edge of the adjustment knob. A threaded hole is provided on the wing plate, and a third screw is threadedly connected to it. A locking knob is provided at the outer end of the third screw. The third screw is perpendicular to the outer surface of the adjustment box and is used to lock the adjustment knob.

[0018] Furthermore, the first connecting plate and the slide rod are hinged together, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are hinged together, the second connecting plate and the flip plate are hinged together, and the slide rod and the flip plate are hinged together. The first connecting plate, the slide rod, the second connecting plate and the flip plate form a four-bar linkage. The adjusting cylinder is a hollow structure with threaded holes. The inner walls on both sides extending from the middle position to both ends are provided with threads of opposite directions. Both ends of the adjusting cylinder are connected to a first screw. After rotating the adjusting cylinder, the first screw moves inward or outward at the same time. The outer end of the first screw is hinged to the slide rod and the first connecting plate by a pin.

[0019] Furthermore, the flip plate is provided with a hole through which a second screw passes. The second screw is connected to a fixing nut, which is located on the upper end face of the flip plate and is fixedly connected to the flip plate. An adjustment handle is provided at the top of the second screw, and the second screw and the adjustment handle are fixedly connected. The lower end of the second screw is designed with a pointed tip for insertion into the soil for fixation.

[0020] Furthermore, a fixing sleeve is provided on the end face of the air cushion, and the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the flip plate and corresponds to the hole provided on the flip plate. A telescopic cylinder is provided in the middle position of the air cushion, and the upper end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the fixing sleeve. The outer side of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the air cushion, and the connection is sealed. An air nozzle is provided on the air cushion, and the air nozzle is connected to an air pipe. The air pipe is connected to an air pump located below the connecting plate, and the air pump is placed on a placement rack connected to the connecting plate.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By setting up a support frame, adjustment box, slide bar and flip plate, the stability of the surveyor can be achieved.

[0023] 2. By using coarse adjustment, the approximate position of the sliding rod can be adjusted. Combined with the visual inspection of the surveying operator, the sliding rod can be pulled to the predicted position.

[0024] 3. By setting up a reciprocating mechanism, fine-tuning can also be achieved. The slight turning of the steering plate in the reciprocating mechanism can adjust the fine-tuning position of the slide bar, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the balance and stability of the surveyor.

[0025] 4. By setting up an air cushion and a second screw, the contact quality between the air cushion and the ground can be adjusted, and the orientation can be fixed by the screw. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a land surveying equipment for different terrains according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air cushion structure;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Internal structure diagram;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment box.

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of section C;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustment box;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustment box;

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of section D in the middle;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating mechanism;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the coarse adjustment state;

[0040] Figure 15This is another embodiment of the coarse adjustment state;

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Surveying instrument; 2. Rotary table; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Support frame; 5. Adjustment box; 6. Slide rod; 7. First screw; 8. Adjusting cylinder; 9. First connecting plate; 10. Second connecting plate; 11. Flip plate; 12. Fixing nut; 13. Air cushion; 14. Second screw; 15. Adjusting handle; 16. Connecting pin; 17. Placement frame; 18. Air pump; 19. Air pipe; 20. Fixing 21. Sleeve; 22. Air nozzle; 23. Telescopic cylinder; 24. Adjusting knob; 25. Wing plate; 26. Third screw; 27. Locking knob; 28. Worm gear; 29. ​​Rope reel; 30. Pad plate; 31. Pull rope; 32. Gear plate; 33. Shaft; 34. Steering rod; 35. Steering plate; 36. Through hole; 37. Strip hole; 38. Baffle plate; 39. Fixing clamp; 40. Side retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1 to 15 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please see Figure 1 A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains includes a surveyor 1, a connecting plate 3 at the lower end of the surveyor 1, the surveyor 1 being placed on the connecting plate 3, a rotating platform 2 for placing the surveyor 1 on the connecting plate 3, and several circumferentially distributed support frames 4 hinged to the connecting plate 3. The device also includes an adjustment box 5 connected to the support frames 4. (Please refer to [reference needed]). Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The adjustment box 5 has a steering plate 35 inside, with a strip-shaped hole 37 on the steering plate 35. A pull rope 31 is installed in the strip-shaped hole 37, and the pull rope 31 is connected to a reciprocating mechanism. A slide rod 6 is connected to the bottom of the adjustment box 5, and a stop plate 32 is installed at the end of the slide rod 6. The slide rod 6 is inserted into the adjustment box 5 and slidably connected to the adjustment box 5. The steering plate 35 limits the stop plate 32. The reciprocating mechanism includes a worm gear 27, a worm 28, and a rotating shaft 33. A rope drum 29 is installed on the rotating shaft 33, and the rope drum 29 is connected to the pull rope 31. For the balance adjustment device, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2The balance adjustment device includes a first connecting plate 9 connected to the slide rod 6. An adjusting cylinder 8 is disposed between the first connecting plate 9 and the slide rod 6. First screws 7 are connected to both ends of the adjusting cylinder 8. The first screws 7 are respectively hinged to the slide rod 6 and the first connecting plate 9. A second connecting plate 10 is connected to the first connecting plate 9. Please refer to the following documentation. Figure 3 The lower end of the slide bar 6 is connected to a flip plate 11, and the second connecting plate 10 is connected to the flip plate 11; for the terrain-adaptive fixing device, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The terrain-adaptive fixing device includes an air cushion 13 disposed at the lower end of the flip plate 11, and a fixing sleeve 20 is disposed on the outer side of the air cushion 13, and the flip plate 11 is connected through the fixing sleeve 20.

[0045] In this embodiment, the surveyor 1 is mounted on the connecting plate 3. The edge of the connecting plate 3 is connected to four support frames 4 distributed circumferentially by a hinge. An adjustment box 5 is mounted on the support frame 4. The adjustment box 5 is connected to a slide rod 6. The slide rod 6 is connected to a flip plate 11.

[0046] Specifically, the regulating box 5 is equipped with a steering plate 35, which can rotate under the action of the reciprocating mechanism. A stop plate 32 is provided on the slide rod 6. By switching between the stop plate 32 and the steering plate 35, the position of the slide rod 6 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the slide rod 6 on the regulating box 5. This switching action is accomplished by the reciprocating mechanism, specifically including a worm gear 27, a worm 28, and a rotating shaft 33. A rope drum 29 is provided on the rotating shaft 33. The rotation of the worm gear 27 drives the rotation of the worm 28. The rope drum 29 is mounted on the worm 28. After the worm 28 rotates, it drives the rotation of the rope drum 29. A pull rope 31 is provided on the rope drum 29. The pull rope 31 moves up or down under the rotation of the rope drum 29. A baffle 38 is provided on the pull rope 31. Through the baffle 38, the steering plate 35 swings, thereby fixing the position of the stop plate 32.

[0047] It is also equipped with a balance adjustment device, which uses a four-bar linkage to adjust the position of the flip plate 11 to adapt to different terrains. In addition, it is also equipped with a terrain adaptation fixing device, which can fix the entire device to the ground after adapting to the terrain.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Please see Figures 10 to 12 The steering plates 35 are arranged at equal intervals in the adjustment box 5. Each steering plate 35 has a through hole 36, and a pin is inserted into the through hole 36. The steering plate 35 rotates around the pin, and the two ends of the pin are fixed on the inner side of the adjustment box 5. The through hole 36 is located on the outward end of the steering plate 35.

[0050] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, there are several steering plates 35, evenly spaced, and two rows are arranged in the adjustment box 5, aligned together with a gap between them. To facilitate the swinging of the steering plates 35, through holes 36 are provided on the steering plates 35, into which pins are inserted. The two ends of the pins are fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjustment box 5. It should be noted that the through holes 36 on the steering plates 35 are located on the outer side, that is, at the outer end of the steering plates 35.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Please see Figures 10 to 12 The strip-shaped hole 37 passes through the steering plate 35. When the steering plate 35 is placed horizontally, the strip-shaped hole 37 is vertical. The pull rope 31 passes through the strip-shaped hole 37 from top to bottom. A baffle 38 is provided on the pull rope 31. The baffle 38 and the pull rope 31 are fixedly connected and are perpendicular to each other. A baffle 38 is provided above and below the steering plate 35. There is a distance between the baffle 38 and the end face of the steering plate 35. One set of baffles 38 corresponds to one steering plate 35.

[0053] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the strip-shaped holes 37 on the steering plate 35 penetrate through the steering plate 35. Specifically, when the steering plate 35 is horizontal, the strip-shaped holes 37 are vertical. A pull rope 31 passes sequentially through a row of strip-shaped holes 37 on the steering plate 35. A baffle 38 is fixedly installed on the pull rope 31, with a diameter larger than the width of the strip-shaped holes 37. When the pull rope 31 moves, it drives the baffle 38 to raise or lower the steering plate 35. Since reciprocating mechanisms are installed above and below the steering plate 35, and the pull rope 31 can only withstand tension, when rising, the upper reciprocating mechanism is driven; when falling, the lower reciprocating mechanism is driven.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 13 The two ends of the rotating shaft 33 are mounted on the inner side of the adjusting box 5 via bearings. A rope drum 29 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 33, and the rope drum 29 and the rotating shaft 33 are fixedly connected. A worm 28 is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft 33. A worm wheel 27 is in contact with the worm 28. The worm wheel 27 is located in the middle downward position of the worm 28. The worm wheel 27 is connected to a shaft, which is mounted on the adjusting box 5. The shaft and the adjusting box 5 are connected by bearings. There are two rotating shafts 33, which are respectively located above and below the steering plate 35.

[0056] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, both ends of the rotating shaft 33 are mounted in the adjusting box 5 via bearings. The rope drum 29 and the rotating shaft 33 are fixedly connected. The middle section of the rotating shaft 33 is a worm gear 28, which meshes with a worm wheel 27. The worm wheel 27 is mounted on the adjusting box 5 via a shaft. By driving the worm wheel 27 to rotate, the worm gear 28 can be driven to rotate. The rotation of the worm gear 28 realizes the rotation of the rope drum 29, thereby realizing the synchronous swing of the two rows of steering plates 35. Side retaining rings 40 are provided at both ends of the rope drum 29 to prevent the pull rope 31 from detaching from the rope drum 29. In addition, a steering rod 34 is provided on the adjusting box 5 for steering the pull rope 31, making it convenient for the pull rope 31 to pass around the steering rod 34 and enter the rope drum 29.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Please see Figure 13 The rope drum 29 is provided with a fixing clip 39, which is fixedly connected to the rope drum 29. The end of the pull rope 31 is fixedly connected to the fixing clip 39. The pull rope 31 is wound around the rope drum 29 in one turn. The pull rope 31 reciprocates by rotating the fixing clip 39.

[0059] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a fixing clip 39 is provided on the rope drum 29. The fixing clip 39 is connected to one end of the pull rope 31. The amount of rope that the pull rope 31 is wound around the rope drum 29 is one turn. Since the moving distance of the driving pull rope 31 is short, one turn is sufficient for use.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] Please see Figure 10 The gear shift plate 32 is disposed at the upper end of the slide rod 6 and is disposed in the adjustment box 5. The adjustment box 5 is provided with a pad 30, which is fixed on the inner side of the adjustment box 5. The slide rod 6 contacts and connects to the pad 30 and slides along the pad 30. The gear shift plate 32 and the slide rod 6 are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the gear shift plate 32 are inserted into the positions between two adjacent steering plates 35 to complete the fixation of the gear shift plate 32.

[0062] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the gear plate 32 and the slide rod 6 are fixedly connected, and the gear plate 32 can also be part of the slide rod 6. A pad 30 is provided in the adjustment box 5, and the pad 30 is in contact with the slide rod 6. A hole for the slide rod 6 to slide through is provided at the bottom of the adjustment box 5. The hole has the same cross-sectional shape as the slide rod 6. Through the cooperation of the hole and the pad 30, the slide rod 6 can slide smoothly. The function of the pad 30 is to prevent the slide rod 6 from colliding with the reciprocating mechanism when it slides. The reciprocating mechanism is close to the inner bottom surface of the adjustment box 5. The adjustment box 5 has a certain thickness space, and a gap is left between the slide rod 6 and the reciprocating mechanism under the restriction of the pad 30.

[0063] Example 7

[0064] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 An adjustment knob 23 is provided on the outer surface of the adjustment box 5. The adjustment knob 23 is connected to a worm gear 27 located inside the adjustment box 5 via a shaft. The shaft and the adjustment box 5 are connected by a bearing. A wing plate 24 is fixedly provided at the outer edge of the adjustment knob 23. A threaded hole is provided on the wing plate 24, and a third screw 25 is threadedly connected to it. A locking knob 26 is provided at the outer end of the third screw 25. The third screw 25 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the adjustment box 5 and is used to lock the adjustment knob 23.

[0065] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the worm gear 27 can be easily rotated by setting an adjustment knob 23. The adjustment knob 23 has anti-slip protrusions, and the adjustment knob 23 and the worm gear 27 are connected by a shaft, which is connected to the adjustment box 5 by a bearing. To lock the adjustment knob 23, a wing plate 24 is provided on one side of the adjustment knob 23. The wing plate 24 has a threaded hole, through which a third screw 25 is connected. By rotating the third screw 25, it contacts the outer surface of the adjustment box 5 and presses it in place.

[0066] Example 8

[0067] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first connecting plate 9 and the slide rod 6 are hinged together, the first connecting plate 9 and the second connecting plate 10 are hinged together, the second connecting plate 10 and the flip plate 11 are hinged together, and the slide rod 6 and the flip plate 11 are hinged together. The first connecting plate 9, the slide rod 6, the second connecting plate 10 and the flip plate 11 form a four-bar linkage. The adjusting cylinder 8 is a hollow structure with threaded holes. The inner walls on both sides extending from the middle position to both ends are provided with threads of opposite directions. The two ends of the adjusting cylinder 8 are connected to the first screw 7. After rotating the adjusting cylinder 8, the first screw 7 moves inward or outward at the same time. The outer end of the first screw 7 is hinged to the slide rod 6 and the first connecting plate 9 by a pin.

[0068] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a four-bar linkage structure is used to adjust the position of the flip plate 11. An adjusting cylinder 8 is provided, and the first connecting plate 9 and the slide rod 6 are hinged by a connecting pin 16. Therefore, the angle between the first connecting plate 9 and the slide rod 6 can be adjusted. The first connecting plate 9 drives the flip plate 11 to adjust its position. Specifically, the adjusting cylinder 8 has an internal hollow structure and the threads on both sides are designed in both directions. Both ends of the adjusting cylinder 8 are connected to the first screw 7, that is, there are two first screws 7. The two first screws 7 are respectively hinged to the slide rod 6 and the first connecting plate 9. Therefore, by rotating the adjusting cylinder 8, the angle between the slide rod 6 and the first connecting plate 9 can be adjusted.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The flip plate 11 has a hole through which a second screw 14 passes. The second screw 14 is connected to a fixing nut 12. The fixing nut 12 is located on the upper end face of the flip plate 11 and is fixedly connected to the flip plate 11. An adjustment handle 15 is located on the top of the second screw 14. The second screw 14 and the adjustment handle 15 are fixedly connected. The lower end of the second screw 14 is designed with a pointed tip for insertion into the soil for fixation.

[0071] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a hole is provided on the flip plate 11, and a fixing nut 12 is connected to the upper end of the hole. The fixing nut 12 adopts an anti-corrosion design. The fixing nut 12 is connected to a second screw 14. An adjustment handle 15 is provided at the upper end of the second screw 14 to facilitate the rotation of the second screw 14. After rotating the second screw 14, the tip can be inserted into the soil.

[0072] Example 10

[0073] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A fixed sleeve 20 is provided on the end face of the air cushion 13. The fixed sleeve 20 is fixedly connected to the flip plate 11 and corresponds to the hole provided on the flip plate 11. A telescopic cylinder 22 is provided in the middle of the air cushion 13. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder 22 is connected to the fixed sleeve 20. The outer sides of both ends of the telescopic cylinder 22 are fixedly connected to the air cushion 13, and the connection is sealed to achieve a sealed connection between the two. An air nozzle 21 is provided on the air cushion 13. The air nozzle 21 is connected to an air pipe 19. The air pipe 19 is connected to an air pump 18 located below the connecting plate 3. The air pump 18 is placed on a placement rack 17 connected to the connecting plate 3.

[0074] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the fixing sleeve 20 on the air cushion 13 is used to connect to the lower end face of the flip plate 11. The fixing sleeve 20 is also connected to the large-diameter end of the telescopic cylinder 22. The outer side of the large-diameter end and the outer side of the small-diameter end of the telescopic cylinder 22 are connected to the air cushion 13, and the connection point must be properly sealed to achieve a sealed connection between the two. The design of the telescopic cylinder 22 allows the air cushion 13 to expand outwards when it expands, giving the air cushion 13 a larger unfolding area and improving the contact quality with the ground. At the same time, the fixing sleeve 20 and the telescopic cylinder 22 provide a channel for the second screw 14 to pass through and penetrate into the ground. The air pump 18 is started by a controller, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0075] The working method (or working principle) of this invention:

[0076] When this equipment is working, the required height for placing the surveyor 1 can be visually estimated. At this time, the four support frames 4 are in a converged state. Then, turn the locking knob 26 on the adjusting box 5. The rotation of the adjusting knob 23 synchronizes with the rotation of the worm gear 27, thereby realizing the rotation of the worm 28. The worm 28 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the rope drum 29 to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the pull rope 31. Since a baffle 38 is set on the pull rope 31 and a strip hole 37 is set on the steering plate 35, the steering plate 35 can be swung. When the steering plate 35 swings to the position... Figure 14 or Figure 15 When the position shown is such that the gear shift plate 32 is disengaged from the limit of the steering plate 35, the position of the slide bar 6 can be adjusted significantly by manually pulling it out. The above adjustment method is coarse adjustment.

[0077] After the coarse adjustment, the steering plate 35 is returned to its original position by rotating the adjustment knob 23. During the return process of the steering plate 35, the two adjacent steering plates 35 in the same row can limit the position of the gear plate 32. It should be noted that this limit does not lock the position of the gear plate 32. The stability of the gear plate 32 depends entirely on the contact support force between it and the steering plate 35. Then, the support frame 4 is moved outward to achieve the support effect. At this time, the lower end of the slide bar 6 or the air cushion 13 touches the ground, or both may touch the ground at the same time. The terrain structure under each air cushion 13 is observed by visual inspection. The angle of the flip plate 11 is adjusted by turning the adjustment cylinder 8 and the four-bar linkage. The air cushion 13 is inflated by the air pump 18. After the air cushion 13 is inflated, the contact quality with the ground is observed. When the contact quality is good, inflation is stopped.

[0078] Tighten the adjusting handle 15 on the second screw 14. The adjusting handle 15 can be designed to have a larger diameter for easy gripping. During the rotation, insert the lower tip of the second screw 14 into the soil.

[0079] After operating in the above manner, under the combined action of the gravity of the measuring device 1 and the connecting plate 3 and the reverse force of the ground, the upper end face of the slider's stop plate 32 and the lower end face of the two steering plates 35 in the adjustment box 5 are in abutting fit, so the measuring device 1 basically reaches a balanced state. After starting the measuring device 1, check the display data on the device. If it is not balanced, it can be fine-tuned. Specifically, since the steering plate 35 is set in the adjustment box 5, the lower end face of the steering plate 35 contacts the stop plate 32 to achieve support. At this time, after turning the adjustment knob 23, the steering plate 35 can achieve a slight swing at a small angle. This swing action can move the stop plate 32, thereby achieving the fine adjustment of the slide bar 6.

[0080] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0081] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land surveying device for different terrains, comprising a surveyor (1), wherein a connecting plate (3) is provided at the lower end of the surveyor (1), the surveyor (1) is placed on the connecting plate (3), and the connecting plate (3) is hinged to a plurality of support frames (4) evenly distributed along the circumference, characterized in that, Also includes: An adjustment box (5) is connected to a support frame (4). A steering plate (35) is provided inside the adjustment box (5). A strip hole (37) is provided on the steering plate (35). A pull rope (31) is provided in the strip hole (37). The pull rope (31) is connected to a reciprocating mechanism. A slide rod (6) is connected to the bottom of the adjustment box (5). A stop plate (32) is provided at the end of the slide rod (6). The slide rod (6) is inserted into the adjustment box (5) and is slidably connected to the adjustment box (5). The steering plate (35) limits the stop plate (32). The reciprocating mechanism includes a worm gear (27), a worm (28), and a rotating shaft (33). A rope drum (29) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (33) and the rope drum and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected. The rope drum (29) is connected to the pull rope (31). The number of steering plates (35) is multiple and they are arranged at equal intervals in the adjustment box (5). The steering plates (35) are provided with through holes (36), and a pin is inserted in the through holes (36). The steering plates (35) rotate around the pin. The two ends of the pin are fixed on the inner side of the adjustment box (5). The through holes (36) are provided on the outward end of the steering plates (35). The strip hole (37) passes through the steering plate (35). When the steering plate (35) is placed horizontally, the strip hole (37) is vertical. The pull rope (31) passes through the strip hole (37) from top to bottom. A baffle (38) is provided on the pull rope (31). The baffle (38) and the pull rope (31) are fixedly connected. The baffle (38) and the pull rope (31) are perpendicular to each other. A baffle (38) is provided above and below the steering plate (35). There is a distance between the baffle (38) and the end face of the steering plate (35). One steering plate (35) corresponds to one set of baffles (38). The two ends of the rotating shaft (33) are installed on the inner side of the adjusting box (5). A worm gear (28) is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft (33). The worm gear (28) is in contact with a worm wheel (27). The worm wheel (27) is connected to a shaft and is installed on the adjusting box (5) through the shaft. There are two rotating shafts (33), which are respectively set above and below the steering plate (35). The gear plate (32) is set at the upper end of the slide rod (6) and is set in the adjusting box (5). The gear plate (32) and the slide rod (6) are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the gear plate (32) are inserted into the position between two adjacent steering plates (35) to complete the fixation of the gear plate (32). An adjusting knob (23) is provided on the outer side of the adjusting box (5). The adjusting knob (23) is connected to the worm wheel (27) set inside the adjusting box (5) through a shaft. A balance adjustment device, comprising a first connecting plate (9) connected to a slide rod (6), an adjustment cylinder (8) disposed between the first connecting plate (9) and the slide rod (6), a first screw (7) connected to both ends of the adjustment cylinder (8), the first screw (7) being hinged to the slide rod (6) and the first connecting plate (9) respectively, the first connecting plate (9) being connected to a second connecting plate (10), the lower end of the slide rod (6) being connected to a flip plate (11), and the second connecting plate (10) being connected to the flip plate (11); The terrain-adaptive fixing device includes an air cushion (13) disposed at the lower end of the flip plate (11), and a fixing sleeve (20) is disposed on the end face of the air cushion (13), and the flip plate (11) is connected through the fixing sleeve (20).

2. The surveying equipment for land surveying in different terrains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the rotating shaft (33) are mounted on the inner side of the adjusting box (5) by bearings; the worm wheel (27) is located in the middle downward position of the worm (28); the shaft connected to the worm wheel (27) and the adjusting box (5) are connected by bearings.

3. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fixing clip (39) is provided on the rope drum (29). The fixing clip (39) and the rope drum (29) are fixedly connected. The end of the pull rope (31) is fixedly connected to the fixing clip (39). The amount of rope (31) wound on the rope drum (29) is one turn. The pull rope (31) reciprocates by rotating the fixing clip (39).

4. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment box (5) is provided with a pad (30), which is fixed on the inner side of the adjustment box (5). The slide rod (6) contacts the pad (30) and slides along the pad (30).

5. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 4, characterized in that, A wing plate (24) is fixedly provided on the outer edge of the adjustment knob (23). A threaded hole is provided on the wing plate (24), and a third screw (25) is connected to it by thread. A locking knob (26) is provided on the outer end of the third screw (25). The third screw (25) is perpendicular to the outer side of the adjustment box (5) and is used to lock the adjustment knob (23).

6. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first connecting plate (9) and the slide rod (6) are hinged together, the first connecting plate (9) and the second connecting plate (10) are hinged together, the second connecting plate (10) and the flip plate (11) are hinged together, the slide rod (6) and the flip plate (11) are hinged together, and the first connecting plate (9), the slide rod (6), the second connecting plate (10) and the flip plate (11) form a four-bar linkage. The adjusting cylinder (8) is a hollow structure with a threaded hole. The inner walls on both sides extending from the middle position to both ends are provided with threads of opposite directions. The two ends of the adjusting cylinder (8) are connected to the first screw (7). After rotating the adjusting cylinder (8), the first screw (7) moves inward or outward at the same time. The outer end of the first screw (7) is hinged to the slide rod (6) and the first connecting plate (9) through a pin.

7. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flip plate (11) has a hole through which a second screw (14) passes. The second screw (14) is connected to a fixing nut (12). The fixing nut (12) is located on the upper surface of the flip plate (11) and is fixedly connected to the flip plate (11). An adjusting handle (15) is located on the top of the second screw (14). The second screw (14) and the adjusting handle (15) are fixedly connected. The lower end of the second screw (14) is designed with a pointed tip for insertion into the soil for fixing.

8. A land surveying and mapping device for different terrains according to claim 7, characterized in that, A fixed sleeve (20) is provided on the end face of the air cushion (13). The fixed sleeve (20) is fixedly connected to the flip plate (11) and corresponds to the hole provided on the flip plate (11). A telescopic cylinder (22) is provided in the middle position of the air cushion (13). The upper end of the telescopic cylinder (22) is connected to the fixed sleeve (20). The outer sides of both ends of the telescopic cylinder (22) are fixedly connected to the air cushion (13) and the connection is sealed. An air nozzle (21) is provided on the air cushion (13). The air nozzle (21) is connected to an air pipe (19). The air pipe (19) is connected to an air pump (18) located below the connecting plate (3). The air pump (18) is placed on a placement rack (17) connected to the connecting plate (3).

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