Radiation spectrum measurement method, apparatus and system, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the field of physics measurement, and particularly relates to a method, device and system for measuring ray energy spectrum, a storage medium and a program product. The method for measuring ray energy spectrum comprises: sequentially providing each energy of a plurality of energies to a ray source, so that the ray source emits a ray to a target medium according to each energy; detecting, by a photon detector, a photon generated by the target medium under the action of the ray; determining the number of photons resonantly generated between the ray and the target medium according to the energy spectrum of the photon; and determining the energy spectrum of the ray according to the number of photons resonantly generated between the ray of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of physical measurement, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for measuring X-ray energy spectrum, storage medium and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, high-energy radiation technologies have been continuously developed and improved. Thanks to the ongoing improvements in radiation generating devices, the application fields of high-energy radiation have expanded, and it is now widely used in industrial testing, medical diagnosis, material modification, radiation processing, and many other fields. The energy distribution of radiation directly affects the reliability of detection results; therefore, to improve the accuracy of radiation detection, it is necessary to determine the accurate energy spectrum of the radiation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In related technologies, the energy spectrum of radiation is typically measured by converting radiation into electrical signals using a detector. However, this method cannot achieve high-precision and high-efficiency energy spectrum measurements for high-energy radiation.

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method, apparatus and system, storage medium and program product for measuring X-ray energy spectrum. By analyzing the energy spectrum of photons generated after X-rays are emitted into a target medium, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays and the target medium at different energies is determined, thereby determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays and improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy spectrum measurement.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a method for measuring X-ray energy spectrum is provided, comprising: sequentially providing each of a plurality of energies to a X-ray source, such that the X-ray source emits X-rays toward a target medium according to each of the energies; detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the X-rays using a photon detector; determining the number of photons generated by resonance between the X-rays and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons; and determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the X-rays of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

[0006] In some embodiments, determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons includes: determining the resonance peak between the ray and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons; and determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum.

[0007] In some embodiments, determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum includes: determining the background value at the resonance peak based on the background value before the resonance peak and the background value after the resonance peak; and determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the difference between the amplitude of the resonance peak and the background value at the resonance peak.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining the energy spectrum of a ray based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray of the plurality of energies and the target medium includes: determining sampling points in the energy spectrum of the ray based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray; and determining the energy spectrum of the ray based on the plurality of sampling points corresponding to the ray of the plurality of energies.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of a ray based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray includes: determining a maximum value for the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium; and determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium at each energy to the maximum value and the current energy of the ray.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining sampling points in the energy spectrum of a ray based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray includes: determining the number of incident photons of the plurality of energies of the ray; and determining sampling points in the energy spectrum of the ray based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium to the number of incident photons and the current energy of the ray.

[0011] In some embodiments, providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy includes: collimating the radiation emitted by the radiation source through a collimator to form the radiation, wherein the aperture of the collimator is adjustable.

[0012] In some embodiments, providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy includes: determining an energy range of the radiation based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source; and determining the plurality of energies within the energy range according to a preset step size.

[0013] In some embodiments, the material of the target medium is determined based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source.

[0014] In some embodiments, the difference between the excitation energy of the target medium and the average energy is less than a preset threshold.

[0015] In some embodiments, detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the ray by a photon detector includes detecting the photons by means of a plurality of photon detectors deployed in the space between the ray source and the target medium.

[0016] In some embodiments, the radiation includes gamma rays generated by the radiation source through inverse Compton scattering.

[0017] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a radiation energy spectrum measuring device is provided, comprising: a radiation module configured to sequentially provide each of a plurality of energies to a radiation source, such that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy; a detection module configured to detect photons generated by the target medium under the action of the radiation using a photon detector; a photon quantity determination module configured to determine the number of photons generated by resonance between the radiation and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons; and an energy spectrum determination module configured to determine the energy spectrum of the radiation based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the radiation of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

[0018] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an X-ray energy spectrum measurement apparatus is provided, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to perform an X-ray energy spectrum measurement method as described in any embodiment of this disclosure based on instructions stored in the at least one memory.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a radiation energy spectrum measurement system is provided, comprising: a radiation energy spectrum measurement device as described in any embodiment of this disclosure; a target medium; a radiation source for emitting radiation toward the target medium according to energy provided by the radiation energy spectrum measurement device; and a photon detector for detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the radiation.

[0020] In some embodiments, the X-ray energy spectrum measurement system further includes a counting detector deployed on the side of the target medium away from the X-ray source for detecting the number of incident photons of the X-ray.

[0021] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method as described in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method as described in any embodiment of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0024] This disclosure will become clearer with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for measuring X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing emitted rays according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the deployment of a photon detector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the photon energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the determination of the number of resonant photons according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the determination of X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 8 A block diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measuring apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0033] Figure 9 A block diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measuring apparatus according to other embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0034] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measurement system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measurement system according to other embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0036] Figure 12 A block diagram of a computer system for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0037] It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Various embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the embodiments are merely illustrative and are in no way intended to limit the scope of the disclosure or its application or use. The present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully express the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not as limiting.

[0039] The terms “first,” “second,” and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. Words such as “including” mean that the element preceding the word covers the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of covering other elements as well.

[0040] It should also be understood that any component, data or structure mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure can generally be understood as one or more unless expressly defined or given to the contrary in the context.

[0041] All terms used in this disclosure (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in a general dictionary, such as a dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and not as having an idealized or highly formalized meaning, unless expressly defined herein.

[0042] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0043] Traditional X-ray energy spectroscopy measurements cannot achieve high-precision and high-efficiency energy spectroscopy measurements of high-energy X-rays.

[0044] In view of this, this disclosure proposes a method for measuring X-ray energy spectrum. By analyzing the energy spectrum of photons generated after X-rays are emitted into a target medium, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-ray and the target medium at different energies is determined, thereby determining the energy spectrum of the X-ray and improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy spectrum measurement.

[0045] First, combined Figure 1The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method in this disclosure is described. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for measuring X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method may include: step S1, sequentially providing each of a plurality of energies to a X-ray source, so that the X-ray source emits X-rays toward a target medium according to each energy; step S2, detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the X-rays using a photon detector; step S3, determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays and the target medium according to the energy spectrum of the photons; and step S4, determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays according to the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

[0047] In step S1, the required radiation energies for the measurement can be supplied to the radiation source. By using radiation of different energies, the radiation can resonate with the target medium at different positions in the energy spectrum.

[0048] By providing energy to a radiation source, the source can generate radiation with that energy as its average energy, which is then emitted towards the target medium. In other words, the different energies of radiation mentioned above refer to radiation with different average energies.

[0049] In some embodiments, the radiation may include gamma rays generated by the radiation source through inverse Compton scattering.

[0050] Inverse Compton scattering refers to the process by which high-energy electrons collide with low-energy photons, transferring the energy of the electrons to the photons, increasing their frequency and shortening their wavelength, thereby generating high-energy gamma rays.

[0051] Inverse Compton scattering sources can produce high-energy, pulsed high-energy gamma rays (…). X-rays. The energy range of these rays is continuously adjustable from 100 keV to several megaelectronvolts (MeV). The pulse width of the rays can be about 10 picoseconds, and they operate at a certain repetition frequency.

[0052] The radiation generated in this way has relatively stable energy spectrum characteristics. In other words, when the radiation source needs to generate radiation with different energies, the shape of the generated radiation spectrum can remain consistent, with only the average energy of the radiation differing, so as to facilitate the measurement of the radiation spectrum shape.

[0053] In some embodiments, providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy may include: collimating the radiation emitted by the radiation source through a collimator to form the radiation, wherein the aperture of the collimator is adjustable.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a collimator can be placed between the radiation source and the target medium to restrict the incident direction of the radiation, allowing only radiation of a specific width to pass through, thereby filtering out other stray radiation from the radiation source and improving the directionality and measurement accuracy of the radiation.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating emitted rays according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the radiation emitted by the X-ray source 21 can be collimated by the collimator 22 to form a ray 23, which is then emitted toward the target medium 24.

[0056] In cases where the X-ray source generates X-rays, for example, through inverse Compton scattering, the energy of the generated X-ray can be altered by adjusting the energy of the high-energy electron beam in the scattering. Furthermore, since the distribution of photons generated after scattering varies at different angles in space, the average energy of the X-ray can also be adjusted by changing the collision angle between the high-energy electron beam and the low-energy photons.

[0057] The aperture of the collimator 22 can be adjustable, for example. By adjusting the aperture of the collimator 22, rays with different energy spectrum widths can be generated and emitted into the target medium. By performing energy spectrum measurements with the collimator at different apertures, the energy spectrum shape of the rays with different widths can be determined, thereby further determining the energy spectrum characteristics of the rays.

[0058] The previous section explained how a radiation source generates corresponding radiation after energy is supplied to it. The following section will explain how to determine the multiple energies used for radiation spectrum detection.

[0059] In some embodiments, providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy may include: determining an energy range of the radiation based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source; and determining the plurality of energies within the energy range according to a preset step size.

[0060] Continuing with the example above of a radiation source generating rays through inverse Compton scattering, although the distribution of the scattered photons may differ in various directions, the energy range of the ray can be determined based on the average energy of this radiation. For example, the average energy of the radiation can be determined as the center of the ray's energy range, and the width of the energy range can be determined from the center based on a predetermined percentage, thus defining the ray's energy range.

[0061] The aforementioned energy range can be, for example, an energy range in which the shape of the X-ray spectrum remains unchanged. For instance, when the energy of the X-ray is within this energy range, the shape of the X-ray spectrum can all follow a Gaussian distribution, thus enabling the measurement of the X-ray spectrum shape using X-rays of different energies.

[0062] After determining the energy range of the radiation, multiple energies for detection can be determined within the energy range by setting a preset step size. For example, with a preset step size of 5 kiloelectron volts, for an energy range of 820 to 870 kiloelectron volts, 820, 825, 830, ..., 865, and 870 kiloelectron volts can be determined as multiple energies for detection.

[0063] By using the above method, multiple energies within the radiation energy range can be accurately determined based on the characteristics of the radiation source, so that radiation of each energy can be generated sequentially for energy spectrum detection, thereby improving the accuracy of energy spectrum detection.

[0064] Besides determining the energy range of the radiation, the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source can also be used to select a suitable medium as the target of the radiation. In other words, the material of the target medium can be determined based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source.

[0065] When the energy of a nuclear level in a medium matches that of a ray, the medium can exhibit a resonance effect, such as nuclear resonance, when irradiated by the ray.

[0066] Nuclear energy levels refer to the discontinuous energy states existing within the atomic nucleus of matter; the nucleus can only exist in a specific energy level. For different substances, the energy levels of the atomic nucleus can be different.

[0067] Nuclear resonance refers to the phenomenon where, when the energy of a photon received by an atomic nucleus perfectly matches the energy difference between different energy levels of the nucleus, the nucleus can absorb a photon and transition from its ground state to an excited state. The excited nucleus is unstable and will release a photon to transition back to its ground state or a lower energy level; the energy of the released photon also corresponds to the energy difference between the nucleus's energy levels.

[0068] In order to ensure that rays of various energies can resonate with the target medium through nuclear resonance, the nuclear energy level that can resonate with the rays generated by the ray source can be determined by the average energy of the radiation from the ray source, thereby determining the material of the target medium.

[0069] In some embodiments, the difference between the excitation energy of the target medium and the average energy is less than a preset threshold. As mentioned above, the excitation energy of the target medium refers to the energy required for the target medium to enter the excited state, which is related to the nuclear energy level of the medium material. By setting a certain threshold, it can be ensured that the medium can resonate with most of the rays emitted by the radiation source, for example, resonate with rays within the energy range described above.

[0070] In addition, provided that the energy level meets the requirements, materials with relatively few stable isotopes in nature and high abundance can be selected as the target medium, such as iron.

[0071] The above text combines Figure 2 This paper describes how to generate rays from a ray source and emit them to a target medium in the embodiments of this disclosure. The following will combine... Figure 3 and Figure 4 Next, we will introduce how, in step S2, a photon detector is used to detect the photons generated by the target medium under the action of radiation.

[0072] In some embodiments, detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the ray by a photon detector includes detecting the photons by means of a plurality of photon detectors deployed in the space between the ray source and the target medium.

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the deployment of photon detectors according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 As shown, photon detectors 31 to 34 can be deployed in the space between the radiation source 35 and the target medium 36.

[0074] Figure 3 The four photon detectors 31 to 34 shown are only examples. Other numbers of photon detectors can be set up as needed to detect photons generated by the target medium under the action of radiation.

[0075] In other words, by taking the target medium as the origin, the photon detector can be deployed in the opposite direction of the incident ray, thereby reducing the impact of ray transmission through the medium on photon detection and improving the accuracy of energy spectrum detection.

[0076] Photon detectors can also be deployed around the line where the ray and the target medium are located, in a centrally symmetrical distribution, thereby reducing the influence of angle on detector detection and further improving the accuracy of energy spectrum detection.

[0077] The aforementioned photon detector can be a photon energy spectrum detector, used to measure the energy spectrum of photons generated after the interaction of rays with the target medium. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a photon energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The photon energy spectrum detected by the photon energy spectrum detector is as follows... Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the various energies of a photon, and the vertical axis represents the number of photons with that energy.

[0078] The previous section introduced how to detect photons generated by the interaction between rays and a target medium. Below, we will combine... Figure 5 We will continue to explain how to determine the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons mentioned above.

[0079] Figure 5A flowchart illustrating the determination of the number of resonant photons according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 As shown, step S3 above, which determines the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons, may further include steps S31 and S32.

[0080] In step S31, the resonance peak between the ray and the target medium can be determined based on the energy spectrum of the photon.

[0081] by Figure 4 Taking the photon energy spectrum shown as an example, the photon energy spectrum may include multiple components, such as the Compton scattering background, Rayleigh scattering peak, resonance peak, etc. To determine the number of photons generated by resonance, the position of the resonance peak in the energy spectrum can be determined first. A resonance peak, for example, refers to the nuclear resonance fluorescence peak between the radiation and the target medium.

[0082] As mentioned earlier, the energy of the photons generated by the resonance between the radiation and the medium corresponds to the difference between the nuclear energy levels of the medium itself. The expected position of the resonance peak can be determined by the nuclear energy levels of the medium. For example, with a nuclear energy level difference of 800 keV, the resonance peak can be expected to appear at the 800 keV position in the energy spectrum.

[0083] Furthermore, since the electron energy generated by the target medium typically varies little, the width of the resonance peak is usually narrow. Based on these characteristics, the position of the resonance peak can also be determined in the energy spectrum.

[0084] The positions of resonance peaks in the energy spectrum can be determined using the methods described above, for example... Figure 4 Peak 41 in the spectrum can be identified as the resonance peak between the ray and the target medium.

[0085] In step S32, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium can be determined based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum.

[0086] As mentioned earlier, the photon energy spectrum may include multiple components. After determining the resonance peak, in order to accurately determine the number of photons generated by the resonance, it is necessary to subtract the influence of the energy spectrum background from the peak value of the resonance peak, such as the background formed by Compton scattering between high-energy photons in the X-ray and the target medium.

[0087] In some embodiments, determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum may include: determining the background value at the resonance peak based on the background value before the resonance peak and the background value after the resonance peak; and determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the difference between the amplitude of the resonance peak and the background value at the resonance peak.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the background value at the resonance peak can be determined by linear fitting calculation using the background values ​​before and after the resonance peak. Since the resonance peak is usually narrow, the background value within it can be approximately considered to change linearly. By linearly fitting the background values ​​at the peak using the aforementioned background values, the background value at the location of the resonance peak can be accurately determined.

[0089] After determining the background value at the resonance peak, the net count of resonant photons can be determined based on the difference between the peak amplitude and the background value, for example, by subtracting the fitted background area from the resonance peak area.

[0090] For resonance peaks that are typically narrow, by Figure 5 The above-described procedure can accurately determine the number of photons generated by the target medium under X-ray resonance, i.e., nuclear resonance fluorescence counting. The following will combine... Figure 6 We will continue to introduce how to reconstruct the energy spectrum of X-rays based on nuclear resonance fluorescence counting.

[0091] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the determination of X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 As shown, step S4 above, which determines the energy spectrum of the rays based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the rays of the multiple energies and the target medium, may further include steps S41 and S42.

[0092] In step S41, the sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray can be determined based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray.

[0093] In the above steps, for each energy of radiation supplied to the radiation source, a sampling point in the radiation energy spectrum can be determined based on the corresponding nuclear resonance fluorescence count and radiation energy.

[0094] For example, for rays with an average energy of 800 keV generated by a radiation source, if the nuclear energy level difference in the target medium is 790 keV, the corresponding nuclear resonance fluorescence count can reflect the energy spectrum distribution of the ray at a distance of -10 keV from the center. For rays with an average energy of 785 keV, the corresponding nuclear resonance fluorescence count can reflect the energy spectrum distribution of the ray at a distance of +5 keV from the center.

[0095] The above-mentioned center refers to the average energy of the radiation, which is usually also the maximum value in the radiation energy spectrum. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the X-ray energy spectrum according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents the energy distribution of the ray, and the vertical axis represents the intensity of photons of various energies within the ray. Figure 7The center of the radiation spectrum shown, i.e., the average energy of the radiation, is 800 keV.

[0096] By counting the nuclear resonance fluorescence between the ray and the target medium, the energy spectrum distribution at sampling point A, that is, at 790 keV, or 10 keV away from the center, can be determined.

[0097] For rays of other energies, such as those at 785 keV, since only 790 keV photons can resonate with the target medium, the corresponding nuclear resonance fluorescence count also characterizes the energy spectrum distribution of the ray at 790 keV. However, due to the change in the ray center, this 790 keV is no longer an energy spectrum distribution at a distance of -10 keV from the center, but rather an energy spectrum distribution at a distance of +5 keV from the center.

[0098] Furthermore, the intensity represented by the sampling point can be understood as the percentage of photons of each energy in the ray after normalization, which can be determined, for example, by the ratio of the ray nuclear resonance fluorescence count to the nuclear resonance fluorescence distribution corresponding to the center.

[0099] In some embodiments, determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of a ray based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray may include: determining a maximum value for the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium; and determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium at each energy to the maximum value and the current energy of the ray.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the maximum value of the nuclear resonance fluorescence count corresponding to each energy of the ray can be determined first, that is, the nuclear resonance fluorescence count corresponding to the ray whose average energy matches the difference between the nuclear energy levels of the medium.

[0101] For example, when the nuclear energy level difference in the target medium is 790 keV, the nuclear resonance fluorescence count of a ray with an average energy of 790 keV can be determined by the maximum value of the nuclear resonance fluorescence count. Figure 7 Sampling point B in the image is the sampling point at the center of the ray.

[0102] After determining the center of the ray, the count value of the sampling point corresponding to each energy of the ray can be determined by the ratio of the nuclear resonance fluorescence count corresponding to each energy of the ray to the nuclear resonance fluorescence count corresponding to the center.

[0103] For example, for a ray with an average energy of 800 keV, if its nuclear resonance fluorescence count is half of the central nuclear resonance fluorescence count, then it can be determined that the count value of the corresponding sampling point in the ray energy spectrum should also be half of the central count.

[0104] It should be understood that the above-described method of energy spectrum reconstruction is merely exemplary and not restrictive. Other methods can also be used to normalize the nuclear resonance fluorescence counts of rays at various energies, determine the percentage content of photons at each energy in the rays, and thus reconstruct the energy spectrum of the rays.

[0105] In some embodiments, determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of a ray based on the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray may include: determining the number of incident photons of the plurality of energies of the ray; and determining a sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by resonance between the ray and the target medium to the number of incident photons and the current energy of the ray.

[0106] In the above embodiments, the number of incident photons can be further considered during the reconstruction of the X-ray energy spectrum. Since the X-rays are generated separately and directed toward the target medium, the total number of photons included in each X-ray may fluctuate to some extent.

[0107] For example, a counting detector can be used to detect the remaining photons after the ray has penetrated the target medium, thereby determining the number of incident photons of the ray.

[0108] For each energy of ray, after determining the number of incident photons, the corresponding sampling point in the ray energy spectrum can be determined by the ratio between the nuclear resonance fluorescence count of the ray and the number of incident photons.

[0109] For example, referring to the example above of determining the count values ​​in the X-ray energy spectrum through normalization, the ratio between the nuclear resonance fluorescence count and the number of incident photons for each energy of X-ray can be normalized. This allows the influence of incident photon count fluctuations to be considered additionally during the reconstruction process, thereby improving the accuracy of energy spectrum detection.

[0110] In step S42, the energy spectrum of the rays can be determined based on the multiple sampling points corresponding to the multiple energy rays.

[0111] refer to Figure 7 In the example shown, after determining the sampling points, the energy spectrum curve 71 of the ray can be determined, for example, through fitting. The fitting method can correspond to the generation method of the ray. For example, for gamma rays generated by inverse Compton scattering, Gaussian fitting can be used to determine the Gaussian curve corresponding to multiple sampling points, which serves as the energy spectrum curve of the ray.

[0112] By continuously adjusting the energy of the radiation within the energy range, each sampling point in the radiation energy spectrum can be determined one by one, thereby reconstructing the radiation energy spectrum and realizing rapid and accurate detection of radiation energy spectrum.

[0113] The above describes the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method provided in this disclosure. By analyzing the energy spectrum of photons generated after X-rays are emitted into a target medium, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays and the target medium at different energies is determined, thereby determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays and improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy spectrum measurement.

[0114] The following is for reference. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The present disclosure describes an X-ray energy spectrum measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, used to perform any embodiment of the X-ray energy spectrum measuring method described above. Figure 8 A block diagram of an X-ray energy spectrum measuring apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown, the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 8 may include: a X-ray module 81 configured to sequentially provide each of a plurality of energies to a X-ray source, so that the X-ray source emits X-rays toward a target medium according to each energy; a detection module 82 configured to detect photons generated by the target medium under the action of the X-rays using a photon detector; a photon quantity determination module 83 configured to determine the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays and the target medium according to the energy spectrum of the photons; and an energy spectrum determination module 84 configured to determine the energy spectrum of the X-rays according to the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

[0116] The X-ray module 81 of the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 8 can be used to perform... Figure 1 Step S1. The detection module 82 of the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 8 can be used to perform... Figure 1 Step S2. The photon count determination module 83 of the X-ray energy spectrum measurement device 8 can be used to perform... Figure 1 Step S3. The energy spectrum determination module 84 of the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 8 can be used to perform... Figure 1 Step S4 in the process.

[0117] Figure 9 A block diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measuring apparatus according to other embodiments of this disclosure is shown. Figure 9 As shown, the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 9 includes at least one memory 91; and at least one processor 92 coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute the X-ray energy spectrum measuring method as described in any embodiment of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the at least one memory.

[0118] Memory 91 is used to store one or more computer-readable instructions. Memory 91 may include any combination of various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), and flash memory. Memory 91 may, for example, store operating systems, application programs, bootloaders, databases, and other programs, as well as various application programs and various data.

[0119] Processor 92 is configured to execute computer-readable instructions to implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method described in any of the foregoing embodiments. Specific implementations of each step of the method can be found in the above embodiments, for example... Figure 1 The steps involved are repeated here, so the details will not be repeated.

[0120] The aforementioned X-ray energy spectrum measurement device can determine the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-ray and the target medium at different energies by analyzing the energy spectrum of the photons produced after X-rays are emitted into the target medium, thereby determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays and improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy spectrum measurement.

[0121] The processor 92 can be various processing devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The central processing unit (CPU) can be based on x86 or ARM architectures, etc.

[0122] The processor 92 and the memory 91 can communicate with each other directly or indirectly. For example, the processor 92 and the memory 91 can communicate via a network. The network can include wireless networks, wired networks, and / or any combination of wireless and wired networks. The processor 92 and the memory 91 can also communicate with each other via a system bus, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0123] It should be noted that Figure 9 The components of the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 9 shown are merely exemplary and not limiting. The X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 9 may also have other components depending on the actual application requirements. The processor 92 can control other components in the X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 9 to perform desired functions.

[0124] The X-ray energy spectrum measuring device 9 can be implemented by software, firmware and / or hardware, and can be integrated into a device with the relevant application installed.

[0125] This disclosure also provides a radiation energy spectrum measurement system, comprising: a radiation energy spectrum measurement device as described in any embodiment of this disclosure; a target medium; a radiation source for emitting radiation toward the target medium according to the energy provided by the radiation energy spectrum measurement device; and a photon detector for detecting photons generated by the target medium under the action of the radiation.

[0126] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measurement system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 As shown, the X-ray energy spectrum measurement system may include: X-ray source 101, target medium 102, photon detectors 103 and 104, and X-ray energy spectrum measurement device 105.

[0127] The radiation source 101 can, for example, generate ultrashort pulses of gamma rays. The target medium 102 can, for example, resonate with the radiation generated by the radiation source 101, thereby enabling radiation energy spectrum measurement. Photon detectors 103 and 104 can, for example, detect the number of photons generated by the target medium under the influence of radiation. The above data can be collected and aggregated into the radiation energy spectrum measuring device 105 for radiation energy spectrum measurement and system control.

[0128] like Figure 10 As shown, photon detectors 103 and 104 can be deployed in the space between the X-ray source 101 and the target medium 102. This arrangement reduces the influence of transmitted photons and improves the accuracy of X-ray energy spectrum detection.

[0129] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a radiation energy spectrum measurement system according to other embodiments of this disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 11 As shown, in Figure 10 Based on this, the X-ray energy spectrum measurement system may further include a collimator 111 and a counting detector 112.

[0130] Collimator 111 can collimate the radiation emitted by the radiation source to generate rays and direct them toward the target medium. Furthermore, the aperture of the collimator can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the average energy of the rays and generating rays with multiple energies.

[0131] The counting detector 112 can be deployed on the side of the target medium away from the radiation source to detect the number of incident photons of the radiation. For example, the counting detector can determine the number of incident photons of the radiation by detecting the remaining photons after the radiation has penetrated the target medium.

[0132] The above is an embodiment of the X-ray energy spectrum measurement system provided in this disclosure. By analyzing the energy spectrum of photons generated after X-rays are emitted into the target medium, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the X-rays and the target medium at different energies is determined, thereby determining the energy spectrum of the X-rays and improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy spectrum measurement.

[0133] Figure 12 A block diagram of a computer system for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0134] like Figure 12 As shown, the computer system 12 can be represented in the form of a general computing device. The computer system 12 includes a memory 121, a processor 122, and a bus 120 connecting different system components.

[0135] The memory 121 can be various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as system memory, non-volatile storage media, etc. System memory may store, for example, an operating system, application programs, a bootloader, and other programs. System memory may include volatile storage media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Non-volatile storage media may store, for example, instructions for performing corresponding embodiments of the X-ray energy spectroscopy measurement method. Non-volatile storage media include, but are not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, flash memory, etc.

[0136] The processor 122 can be implemented using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete hardware components such as discrete gates or transistors. Accordingly, each module can be implemented by executing instructions in the central processing unit (CPU) memory to perform the corresponding steps, or by implementing dedicated circuits to perform the corresponding steps.

[0137] Bus 120 can use any of the various bus architectures. For example, bus architectures include, but are not limited to, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0138] The computer system 12 may also include an input / output interface 123, a network interface 124, a storage interface 125, etc. These interfaces 123, 124, 125, as well as the memory 121 and processor 122, can be connected via a bus 120. The input / output interface 123 provides a connection interface for input / output devices such as a monitor, mouse, and keyboard. The network interface 124 provides a connection interface for various networked devices. The storage interface 125 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as floppy disks, USB flash drives, and SD cards.

[0139] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, some embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The computer program product includes computer instructions carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer instructions containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts.

[0140] Various embodiments of this disclosure have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0141] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring X-ray energy spectrum, comprising: Each of a plurality of energies is sequentially supplied to a radiation source so that the radiation source emits radiation toward the target medium according to each energy. The photon detector detects the photons generated by the target medium under the action of the ray; The number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium is determined based on the energy spectrum of the photons. The energy spectrum of the rays is determined based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the rays of the multiple energies and the target medium.

2. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, Determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons includes: Based on the energy spectrum of the photon, the resonance peak between the ray and the target medium is determined; Based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum, the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium is determined.

3. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the resonance peak and the background of the energy spectrum, determining the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium includes: The background value at the resonance peak is determined based on the background value before the resonance peak and the background value after the resonance peak. The number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium is determined based on the difference between the amplitude of the resonance peak and the background value at the resonance peak.

4. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, The energy spectrum of the rays is determined based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the rays of the multiple energies and the target medium, including: Based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray, the sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray is determined; The energy spectrum of the rays is determined based on the multiple sampling points corresponding to the multiple energies of the rays.

5. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 4, wherein, The sampling points in the energy spectrum of the ray are determined based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray, including: Determine the maximum number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium; The sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray is determined based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray of each energy and the target medium to the maximum value and the current energy of the ray.

6. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 4, wherein, The sampling points in the energy spectrum of the ray are determined based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium and the current energy of the ray, including: Determine the number of incident photons of the plurality of energy rays; The sampling point in the energy spectrum of the ray is determined based on the ratio of the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium to the number of incident photons and the current energy of the ray.

7. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, Providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source, so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy, includes: The radiation emitted by the X-ray source is collimated using a collimator to form the X-ray, wherein the aperture of the collimator is adjustable.

8. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, Providing each of a plurality of energies sequentially to a radiation source, so that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy, includes: The energy range of the radiation is determined based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source; The plurality of energies are determined within the energy range according to a preset step size.

9. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the target medium is determined based on the average energy of the radiation emitted by the radiation source.

10. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 9, wherein, The difference between the excitation energy of the target medium and the average energy is less than a preset threshold.

11. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, Detecting photons generated by the target medium under the influence of the ray using a photon detector includes: The photons are detected by multiple photon detectors deployed in the space between the radiation source and the target medium.

12. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The radiation includes gamma rays generated by the radiation source through inverse Compton scattering.

13. A radiation energy spectrum measuring device, comprising: A radiation module is configured to sequentially supply each of a plurality of energies to a radiation source, such that the radiation source emits radiation toward a target medium according to each energy; The detection module is configured to detect photons generated by the target medium under the action of the ray using a photon detector; A photon quantity determination module is configured to determine the number of photons generated by the resonance between the ray and the target medium based on the energy spectrum of the photons. The energy spectrum determination module is configured to determine the energy spectrum of the rays based on the number of photons generated by the resonance between the rays of the plurality of energies and the target medium.

14. A radiation energy spectrum measuring device, comprising: At least one memory; as well as At least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to perform the X-ray energy spectroscopy measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 based on instructions stored in the at least one memory.

15. A radiation energy spectrum measurement system, comprising: The X-ray energy spectrum measuring device as described in claim 13 or 14; Target medium; A radiation source, used to emit radiation toward the target medium based on the energy provided by the radiation energy spectrum measuring device; A photon detector is used to detect photons generated by the target medium under the influence of the ray.

16. The X-ray energy spectrum measurement system according to claim 15, further comprising: A counting detector is deployed on the side of the target medium away from the radiation source to detect the number of incident photons of the radiation.

17. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

18. A computer program product, when run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the X-ray energy spectrum measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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