Micro-led array-based embedded ring light source modulation method, system and medium

Abstract

This application provides a method, system, and medium for modulating an embedded ring light source based on a Micro-LED array. The method includes: constructing a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array and dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; collecting external ambient illuminance and calculating a dynamic brightness target value based on a visual response model; analyzing the dynamic brightness target value based on the Lagrange multiplier method, calculating the power consumption information of each independent control unit, and solving for the optimal drive current of each independent control unit based on the power consumption information; obtaining the actual brightness of the light source, comparing the actual brightness of the light source with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference, and modulating the optimal drive current of each control unit using a PWM dimming method based on the brightness difference; and achieving regional dynamic brightness control through wafer-level ultra-thin packaging technology, reducing light source power consumption and achieving higher brightness control accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of light source modulation technology, and more specifically, to an embedded ring light source modulation method, system, and medium based on a Micro-LED array. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern industrial inspection and minimally invasive medical devices, especially in fields such as AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) systems for consumer electronics, endoscopic medical devices, and wearable smart hardware, higher demands are being placed on miniaturized, low-power, high-brightness, and high-contrast light sources. Traditional ring light source systems built using OLEDs or traditional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) suffer from low integration, poor heat dissipation, high power consumption, and large size and thickness, making it difficult to meet the needs of existing miniaturized smart terminals or precision inspection equipment. Especially in endoscopes and smart camera modules, the thickness of the light source directly limits the overall size of the device, while system-level power consumption determines the battery life and thermal stability of mobile devices.

[0003] In recent years, Micro-LEDs (micro-light-emitting diodes), as a new generation of self-emissive display technology, have gradually demonstrated enormous application potential in display, sensing, and lighting fields due to their advantages such as high brightness, low power consumption, high reliability, and fast response. Compared with OLED technology, Micro-LEDs have higher luminous efficiency and longer lifespan; compared with traditional LEDs, their pixel-level controllability and smaller size give them advantages in miniaturization and integration. In particular, with wafer-level packaging (WLP) technology, Micro-LED devices can maintain stable performance while keeping the thickness within 3 mm and achieving integrated integration of the light source module and control circuitry.

[0004] However, the application of Micro-LED arrays in ring-shaped embedded light sources still faces the following challenges: (1) how to achieve low-thickness packaging while maintaining high uniformity light output; (2) how to achieve regional independent brightness control through circuit and packaging structure optimization; (3) how to design an efficient power management system to reduce overall power consumption and improve control accuracy and response speed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an embedded ring light source modulation method, system, and medium based on a Micro-LED array, which achieves regional dynamic brightness control through wafer-level ultra-thin packaging technology, reduces light source power consumption, and achieves higher brightness control accuracy.

[0006] This application also provides an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array, including: Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, and divide the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. Collect ambient illuminance data and calculate dynamic brightness target values ​​based on a visual response model; The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming.

[0007] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array described in the embodiments of this application, a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array is constructed, and the Micro-LED ring array is divided into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ; in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ; The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the A ring layer, with its center radius defined as: ; in, Let represent the radius of the k-th ring, and let represent the distance from the center of the circle to the center line of the k-th ring. It represents the starting radius of the innermost (first layer) ring, which is the radius of the first innermost ring of the ring array, and is the starting size of the entire ring light source; This represents the ring level index, a counter variable indicating which ring level is currently being calculated. k starts at 1 and ends at N. k=1 represents the innermost ring, and k=N represents the outermost ring. This represents the ring spacing, a fixed value indicating the radial distance (radius increment) between two adjacent ring layers. For example, This means that the radius increases by 1 millimeter for each outer layer; This indicates the total number of layers in the ring light source. This value determines the size of the ring array, that is, how many concentric rings there are in total.

[0008] Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ; in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is:

[0009] If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ; This represents the illuminance variance, which is the average of the squared differences between the illuminance values ​​at all points on the target plane A and the average illuminance value. The smaller this value, the better the illuminance uniformity. This represents the average illuminance, which is the average of the illuminance values ​​at all points on the entire target plane A.

[0010] Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ; Indicates the reference current or luminous intensity, typically corresponding to the drive level of the innermost ring (or a specified reference position) of LEDs; It is an illuminance compensation coefficient, whose function is to control the first... The brightness ratio of the ring-shaped LED region is adjusted to compensate for the difference in brightness due to the radius. The increase in irradiance leads to a decrease in irradiance, thereby achieving a more uniform irradiance distribution across the entire target plane; Used to offset Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

[0011] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array described in the embodiments of this application, the brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is: ; Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ; This represents the forward voltage of the Micro-LED in the i-th independent control unit (or sub-region); It is a constraint, representing the preconditions that the solution to the optimization problem must satisfy.

[0012] Detailed Explanation: It specifies that the brightness Li of the i-th control unit must be greater than or equal to (≥) a preset minimum brightness threshold Lmin. This ensures that while optimizing power consumption (objective function), the system's lighting function is basically guaranteed, and the brightness will not drop too low to be unusable due to energy saving. Lmin is a value set according to the specific application scenario (such as the minimum illuminance required for detection).

[0013] External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ; in, This represents the ambient illuminance, a value of the light intensity of the surrounding environment collected in real time by an ambient light sensor (ALS). This is an input variable of the system used to sense the brightness of the current working environment. This represents the maximum ambient illuminance, a preset constant that indicates the upper limit of ambient illuminance considered in the system design. It defines the range of ambient light intensity, and the ratio in the formula... The actual ambient illuminance is normalized to the range of [0, 1]. This represents the gamma value / visual response index, a parameter used to simulate the non-linearity of human eye's perception of brightness. The human eye is more sensitive to changes in brightness in dark environments and less sensitive to changes in bright environments. This means that a small change in (1 - normalized illuminance) will affect the calculated target brightness in a dark environment. It has a significant impact in bright environments, but a smaller impact in bright environments, which is consistent with the perceptual characteristics of the human eye. Its value is usually between 1.5 and 2.2.

[0014] in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: ; It is to adjust the global target brightness The specific brightness value assigned or mapped to the i-th independent control unit.

[0015] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array described in the embodiments of this application, the current of each region's LED is controlled based on an independent constant current driver. The overall energy consumption model is constructed as follows: ; This refers to the power consumed by the control circuitry that drives and controls the Micro-LED array. This power consumption is not directly used for light emission, but rather for running the controller's core logic, registers, clock circuitry, and providing bias voltage for the constant current driver. It represents the "basic overhead" of the system operation.

[0016] In integrated circuits (ICs), non-ideal power loss occurs when a transistor is in the off state due to subthreshold leakage, gate leakage, or other reasons. Even when a control signal commands an LED or part of the circuit to turn off, a tiny current still leaks from the power supply to ground; this power loss is denoted as ΔΔΔΔΔ. In modern precision electronic systems, especially when using advanced process nodes, leakage power consumption is a factor that cannot be ignored.

[0017] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array described in this application embodiment, the dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. Specifically, this includes: Divide the entire array into There are 1 control unit, and the brightness of each control unit is 1. The corresponding drive current is Construct the optimization objective function: ; Constraints: ; Introducing the Lagrange multiplier method: ; The optimal drive current is obtained as follows: .

[0018] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array described in the embodiments of this application, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming based on the brightness difference, specifically including: The brightness of each sub-zone is adjusted using PWM control. The PWM period is set to... The duty cycle for each sub-region is: ; It is a value between 0 and 1, representing the proportion of time the LED is on within a complete PWM cycle; Indicates the conduction time or activation time; Indicates the PWM period; The average brightness output of the LED is: ; Based on the image detection feedback, a brightness error function is introduced:

[0019] And design a closed-loop regulation law: ; As a brightness benchmark, the actual brightness is measured and compared with the target value in each control cycle to obtain the error. Based on this error value, the new duty cycle to be applied in the next cycle is calculated. By adjusting the switching time ratio of the LEDs, errors can be reduced, thus achieving precise brightness control. in To adjust the step size coefficient, the control law in Real-time implementation within a reasonable complexity, suitable for high-speed image sampling and feedback.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array. The system includes a memory and a processor. The memory includes a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by the processor, it implements the following steps: Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, and divide the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. Collect ambient illuminance data and calculate dynamic brightness target values ​​based on a visual response model; The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming.

[0021] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array described in the embodiments of this application, a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array is constructed, and the Micro-LED ring array is divided into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ; in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ; The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the A ring layer, with its center radius defined as: ; Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ; in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is: ; If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ; This represents the illuminance variance, which is the average of the squared differences between the illuminance values ​​at all points on the target plane A and the average illuminance value. The smaller this value, the better the illuminance uniformity. This represents the average illuminance, which is the average of the illuminance values ​​at all points on the entire target plane A.

[0022] Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ; Indicates the reference current or luminous intensity, typically corresponding to the drive level of the innermost ring (or a specified reference position) of LEDs; It is an illuminance compensation coefficient, whose function is to control the first... The brightness ratio of the ring-shaped LED region is adjusted to compensate for the difference in brightness due to the radius. The increase in irradiance leads to a decrease in irradiance, thereby achieving a more uniform irradiance distribution across the entire target plane; Used to offset Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

[0023] Optionally, in the embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array described in this application embodiment, the brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is:

[0024] Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ; External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ; in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: .

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, the embedded ring light source modulation method, system, and medium based on a Micro-LED array provided in this application embodiment constructs a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver; the external ambient illuminance is collected, and the dynamic brightness target value is calculated based on the visual response model; the dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, and the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated; the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information; the actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference; the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming based on the brightness difference; regional dynamic brightness control is achieved through wafer-level ultra-thin packaging technology, reducing light source power consumption and achieving higher brightness control accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the overall ring-shaped Micro-LED array package for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on Micro-LED array provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 In this context, Micro-LED array refers to a micro-LED array; Protective coating refers to a protective coating; Flexible substrate refers to a flexible substrate; Silicon substrate refers to a silicon substrate; Wafer-level package refers to a wafer-level package; and Electrode refers to an electrode. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the Micro-LED array partitioning for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on Micro-LED array provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the power consumption optimization model of the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 In this context, "Start" indicates the start of a task; "Initialize" indicates initialization; "Calculate" indicates computation; "Solve optimization problem" indicates solving an optimization problem; "Converged" indicates convergence; "Update" indicates updating; and "Stop" indicates stopping. Figure 5 The illuminance uniformity comparison diagram obtained from the simulation of the embedded ring light source modulation method based on Micro-LED array provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is used in a terminal device. This embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array includes the following steps: S101, Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; S102, each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver, and the brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver; S103: Collects external ambient illuminance and calculates dynamic brightness target value based on visual response model; S104: Analyze the dynamic brightness target value based on the Lagrange multiplier method, calculate the power consumption information of each independent control unit, and solve the optimal drive current of each independent control unit based on the power consumption information. S105: Obtain the actual brightness of the light source, compare the actual brightness of the light source with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference, and use PWM dimming method to modulate the optimal drive current of each control unit based on the brightness difference.

[0032] This application uses a sapphire substrate to grow GaN-based Micro-LED chips, with a typical size of [missing information]. Independent pixel islands are formed through dry etching, and high-density heterogeneous integration is achieved using wafer-level transfer technology. Next, in the packaging stage, a TSV structure and a redistribution layer (RDL) are introduced to achieve top and bottom interconnection, with the overall package thickness controlled within [specific parameters]. .

[0033] The structural design of the ring light source was optimized using ray tracing simulation, and adjustments were made through simulation. Parameters such as these are used to achieve optimal illuminance uniformity. To further improve brightness consistency, an independent constant current source is designed to control the current of the LEDs in each area. This ensures that the illuminance error is within 2%.

[0034] The power management section employs a dynamic power consumption adjustment algorithm to dynamically control the brightness threshold based on external illuminance and task requirements. When ambient illuminance is high, the system automatically reduces brightness to decrease power consumption. The control system combines a low-power MCU with analog dimming circuitry, utilizing PWM dimming and current feedback to maintain high-precision control.

[0035] Furthermore, the method for modeling the optical field uniformity of the ring array layout is as follows: To achieve optimal lighting uniformity, a radius of [missing information] is used. The number of LEDs is A ring-shaped layout model. The center position of each LED can be described using polar coordinates: ; Based on this layout, the illuminance function of each LED is superimposed. The total illuminance is defined as: ; The illumination function of each LED approximates a Gaussian distribution: ; Adjust the peak brightness of each LED With distribution width It can optimize the uniformity of illumination.

[0036] The wafer-level ultra-thin package structure design method is as follows: Micro-LED arrays are packaged using WLP technology, and three-dimensional circuit stacking is achieved through through-silicon vias (TSVs) and metal interconnects, greatly reducing the volume. The thermal resistance modeling of the package is as follows: ; in, For the thermal conductivity of the encapsulation material, To maximize heat dissipation area, high thermal conductivity materials (such as aluminum nitride or graphene composites) are used. Controlled .

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array is constructed, and the Micro-LED ring array is divided into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ; in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ; The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the A ring layer, with its center radius defined as: ; in, Let represent the radius of the k-th ring, and let represent the distance from the center of the circle to the center line of the k-th ring. It represents the starting radius of the innermost (first layer) ring, which is the radius of the first innermost ring of the ring array, and is the starting size of the entire ring light source; This represents the ring level index, a counter variable indicating which ring level is currently being calculated. k starts at 1 and ends at N. k=1 represents the innermost ring, and k=N represents the outermost ring. This represents the ring spacing, a fixed value indicating the radial distance (radius increment) between two adjacent ring layers. For example, This means that the radius increases by 1 millimeter for each outer layer; This indicates the total number of layers in the ring light source. This value determines the size of the ring array, that is, how many concentric rings there are in total.

[0038] Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ; in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is: ; If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ; Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ; Used to offset Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the brightness of an independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is: ; Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ; External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ; in, This represents the ambient illuminance, a value of the light intensity of the surrounding environment collected in real time by an ambient light sensor (ALS). This is an input variable of the system used to sense the brightness of the current working environment. This represents the maximum ambient illuminance, a preset constant that indicates the upper limit of ambient illuminance considered in the system design. It defines the range of ambient light intensity, and the ratio in the formula... The actual ambient illuminance is normalized to the range of [0, 1]. This represents the gamma value / visual response index, a parameter used to simulate the non-linearity of human eye's perception of brightness. The human eye is more sensitive to changes in brightness in dark environments and less sensitive to changes in bright environments. This means that a small change in (1 - normalized illuminance) will affect the calculated target brightness in a dark environment. It has a significant impact in bright environments, but a smaller impact in bright environments, which is consistent with the perceptual characteristics of the human eye. Its value is usually between 1.5 and 2.2.

[0040] in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: ; It is to adjust the global target brightness The specific brightness value assigned or mapped to the i-th independent control unit.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current of each region's LED is controlled based on an independent constant current driver. The overall energy consumption model is constructed as follows: ; This refers to the power consumed by the control circuitry that drives and controls the Micro-LED array. This power consumption is not directly used for light emission, but rather for running the controller's core logic, registers, clock circuitry, and providing bias voltage for the constant current driver. It represents the "basic overhead" of the system operation.

[0042] In integrated circuits (ICs), non-ideal power loss occurs when a transistor is in the off state due to subthreshold leakage, gate leakage, or other reasons. Even when a control signal commands an LED or part of the circuit to turn off, a tiny current still leaks from the power supply to ground; this power loss is denoted as ΔΔΔΔΔ. In modern precision electronic systems, especially when using advanced process nodes, leakage power consumption is a factor that cannot be ignored.

[0043] By selecting LED devices with low on-state voltage drop ( ) and high-efficiency DC-DC converters (conversion efficiency) ), significantly reduced .

[0044] It should be noted that the low-power driver module design and power distribution modeling are as follows: The drive system adopts a constant current source structure, with a maximum current of [value missing] per channel. Through precise digital voltage control Set the output current: ; in Given the sampling resistor, the system efficiency is: ; By employing a high-efficiency Buck converter combined with a bipolar drive strategy, energy consumption is reduced to approximately 30% of that of traditional LED systems. The measured power consumption reduction is: ; Power consumption reduction ratio. This value indicates what percentage of power consumption is saved; This is the actual power consumption of the system (based on Micro-LED). This is the power consumption measured for the entire light source system after applying the aforementioned Buck converter and bipolar driving strategy. Power consumption of a traditional LED system. This is the power consumption of a traditional LED light source system that achieves similar lighting functions, serving as a benchmark.

[0045] This ratio represents the percentage of power consumption of the new system compared to the traditional system. This ratio is approximately 30% (meaning the new system consumes only 30% of the power of the traditional system).

[0046] Subtracting the ratio above from 1 represents the savings. 1 - 0.3 = 0.7, meaning a 70% reduction in power consumption.

[0047] Therefore, the power consumption reduction is approximately 70%. This means that compared to traditional systems, this solution saves nearly 70% of energy.

[0048] This greatly improves the battery life of battery-powered devices in image detection and wearable display applications.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. Specifically, this includes: Divide the entire array into There are 1 control unit, and the brightness of each control unit is 1. The corresponding drive current is Construct the optimization objective function: ; This represents the forward voltage drop of the Micro-LED in the (i, j)th control unit; Constraints: ; This is a coefficient for a specific control unit (i,j), representing the efficiency with which the Micro-LED within that unit converts driving current into output luminous intensity. The unit is typically cd / A (candela per ampere). Its value is determined by the materials, structure, and manufacturing process of the LED chip itself. A higher value means that the same brightness can be achieved with less current, resulting in better energy efficiency.

[0050] This refers to the desired brightness level that the control unit in row i and column j is expected to achieve at time t. This value is not fixed but dynamic, calculated from previous steps (based on the ambient light perception and visual response model). The unit is candela (cd) or nit (nit).

[0051] Introducing the Lagrange multiplier method: ; The optimal drive current is obtained as follows: .

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming based on the brightness difference, specifically including: The brightness of each sub-zone is adjusted using PWM control. The PWM period is set to... The duty cycle for each sub-region is: ; It is a value between 0 and 1, representing the proportion of time the LED is on within a complete PWM cycle.

[0053] Indicates the conduction time or activation time; Indicates the PWM period; The average brightness output of the LED is: ; Based on the image detection feedback, a brightness error function is introduced: ; And design a closed-loop regulation law: ; As a brightness benchmark, the actual brightness is measured and compared with the target value in each control cycle to obtain the error. Based on this error value, the new duty cycle to be applied in the next cycle is calculated. By adjusting the switching time ratio of the LEDs, errors can be reduced, thus achieving precise brightness control. in To adjust the step size coefficient, the control law in Real-time implementation within a reasonable complexity, suitable for high-speed image sampling and feedback.

[0054] It should be noted that the comparison diagram of illuminance uniformity obtained through simulation, such as... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the left image shows the illuminance distribution of a traditional light source, where the illuminance is concentrated in the center and severely attenuated at the edges, resulting in poor uniformity. The figure on the right shows the simulation results of the Micro-LED array ring light source of the present invention. Each sub-region forms a highly uniform illuminance distribution through independent dimming, supports adaptive dynamic adjustment, and the brightness fluctuation is <5%.

[0055] In summary, this application has the following advantages: Wafer-level packaging + ultra-thin structure integration: Micro-LED and control IC are packaged together using TSV and WLP processes, with the thickness controlled within a certain range. Thermal resistance less than This design reduces thickness by more than 60% compared to traditional COB (Chip on Board) technology, while providing better heat dissipation and structural strength.

[0056] Regional independent constant current drive system: The following partitioned constant current drive system model was established: ; The brightness of each area is precisely adjusted using analog feedback control, with the error controlled within ±2%. Compared to the traditional parallel drive method, brightness consistency is improved by 45%, and response speed is improved by more than 3 times.

[0057] Dynamic power consumption control and ambient dimming mechanism: Propose a brightness adjustment function: ; The system automatically reduces brightness within visually acceptable limits, and through hardware-software collaborative control, overall power consumption is reduced by 60% to 70%. Compared with existing systems, the system's responsiveness is improved by more than 2 times.

[0058] High-uniformity ring illumination modeling and layout optimization algorithm: The LED arrangement is optimized using a Gaussian illuminance superposition model, and the standard deviation is defined as follows: ; It improves uniformity by more than 30% and eliminates traditional problems such as spot center deviation and decreased edge brightness.

[0059] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array. The system includes a memory and a processor. The memory includes a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by the processor, it implements the following steps: Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. Collect ambient illuminance data and calculate dynamic brightness target values ​​based on a visual response model; The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array is constructed, and the Micro-LED ring array is divided into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ; in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ; The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the A ring layer, with its center radius defined as:

[0061] Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ; in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is: ; If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ; Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ; Used to offset Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the brightness of an independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is: ; Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ; External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ; in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: .

[0063] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array as described in any of the above claims.

[0064] This invention discloses an embedded ring light source modulation method, system, and medium based on a Micro-LED array. It constructs a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the array into m independent control units. Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED and is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of each independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. External ambient illuminance is collected, and a dynamic brightness target value is calculated based on a visual response model. The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed using the Lagrange multiplier method, and the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated. The optimal drive current for each independent control unit is determined based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained and compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, PWM dimming is used to modulate the optimal drive current of each control unit. Regional dynamic brightness control is achieved through wafer-level ultra-thin packaging technology, reducing light source power consumption and achieving higher brightness control accuracy.

[0065] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0066] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0067] In addition, in the various embodiments of the present invention, each functional unit can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0069] Alternatively, if the integrated units of the present invention are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A modulation method for an embedded ring light source based on a Micro-LED array, characterized in that, include: Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, and divide the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. Collect ambient illuminance data and calculate dynamic brightness target values ​​based on a visual response model; The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming.

2. The embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ； in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ； The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the The ring layer is defined with a center radius of: ； in, Let represent the radius of the k-th ring, and let represent the distance from the center of the circle to the center line of the k-th ring. It represents the starting radius of the innermost (first layer) ring, which is the radius of the first innermost ring of the ring array, and is the starting size of the entire ring light source; This represents the ring level index, a counter variable indicating which ring level is currently being calculated. k starts at 1 and ends at N. k=1 represents the innermost ring, k=N represents the outermost ring; This represents the ring spacing, a fixed value indicating the radial distance (radius increment) between two adjacent ring layers. For example, This means that the radius increases by 1 millimeter for each outer layer; This indicates the total number of layers in the ring light source. This value determines the size of the ring array, that is, how many concentric rings there are in total. Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ； in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is: ； If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ； Indicates the variance of illuminance; This represents the average illuminance, which is the average of the illuminance values ​​at all points on the entire target plane A. Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ； Indicates the reference current or luminous intensity; It is an illuminance compensation coefficient used to offset... Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

3. The embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 2, characterized in that, The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is: ； Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ； in, This represents the forward conduction voltage of the Micro-LED in the i-th independent control unit; This represents the preconditions that the solution to the optimization problem must satisfy; External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ； in, This represents the ambient illuminance, a value of the light intensity of the surrounding environment collected in real time by an ambient light sensor (ALS). This is an input variable of the system used to sense the brightness of the current working environment. Indicates the maximum ambient illuminance; Indicates gamma value / visual response index; in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: ； It is to adjust the global target brightness The specific brightness value assigned or mapped to the i-th independent control unit.

4. The embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current of each LED zone is controlled by an independent constant current driver. The overall energy consumption model is constructed as follows: ； This refers to the power consumed by the control circuitry itself that drives and controls the Micro-LED array; This refers to the non-ideal power loss in an integrated circuit caused by subthreshold leakage and gate leakage when the transistor is in the off state.

5. The embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, and the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated. Based on the power consumption information, the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved, specifically including: Divide the entire array into There are 1 control unit, and the brightness of each control unit is 1. The corresponding drive current is Construct the optimization objective function: ； This represents the forward voltage drop of the Micro-LED in the (i, j)th control unit; Constraints: ； It is a coefficient for a specific control unit (i,j), representing the efficiency of the Micro-LED in that unit in converting the driving current into output light intensity; It is the desired brightness level that the control unit in the i-th row and j-th column should achieve at time t; Introducing the Lagrange multiplier method: ； The optimal drive current is obtained as follows: 。 6. The embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the brightness difference, PWM dimming is used to modulate the optimal drive current of each control unit, specifically including: The brightness of each sub-zone is adjusted using PWM control. The PWM period is set to... The duty cycle for each sub-region is: ； It is a value between 0 and 1, representing the proportion of time the LED is on within a complete PWM cycle; Indicates the conduction time or activation time; Indicates the PWM period; The average brightness output of the LED is: ； Based on the image detection feedback, a brightness error function is introduced: ； And design a closed-loop regulation law: ； As a brightness benchmark, the actual brightness is measured and compared with the target value in each control cycle to obtain the error. Based on this error value, the new duty cycle to be applied in the next cycle is calculated. By adjusting the switching time ratio of the LEDs, errors can be reduced, thus achieving precise brightness control. in To adjust the step size coefficient, the control law in Real-time implementation within a reasonable complexity, suitable for high-speed image sampling and feedback.

7. An embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array, characterized in that, The system includes a memory and a processor. The memory contains a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by the processor, it performs the following steps: Construct a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, and divide the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units; Each independent control unit includes at least one Micro-LED, and each independent control unit is matched with an independent constant current driver. The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on the independent constant current driver. Collect ambient illuminance data and calculate dynamic brightness target values ​​based on a visual response model; The dynamic brightness target value is analyzed based on the Lagrange multiplier method, the power consumption information of each independent control unit is calculated, and the optimal drive current of each independent control unit is solved based on the power consumption information. The actual brightness of the light source is obtained, and the actual brightness of the light source is compared with the dynamic brightness target value to obtain the brightness difference. Based on the brightness difference, the optimal drive current of each control unit is modulated using PWM dimming.

8. The embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 7, characterized in that, Constructing a wafer-level packaged Micro-LED ring array, dividing the Micro-LED ring array into m independent control units, specifically including: The Micro-LED array and driving circuit are integrated using wafer-level packaging technology with low-temperature bonding and leadless bump soldering. The package thickness is as follows: ； in: High thermal conductivity SiC substrate ; InGaN emissive layer ; SiN or polyimide protective layer ; Cu Redistribution Layer + Bump ; The total thickness after accumulation is: ； The LED array is constructed with concentric circles arranged as follows: For the A ring layer, with its center radius defined as: ； Number of LEDs per layer Determined by the following formula to maintain approximately equal angular density coverage: ； in To minimize the spacing between LEDs, the total number of LEDs is: ； If illuminance is required On the target plane Uniform, that is: ； Therefore, an illuminance compensation function needs to be introduced. Control the brightness ratio of each ring layer: ； Used to offset Increased radiation density leads to a decrease.

9. The embedded ring light source modulation system based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 8, characterized in that, The brightness of the independent control unit is controlled by adjusting the drive current based on an independent constant current driver, specifically including: Introducing a matrix address control structure, each group of sub-regions It contains several Micro-LEDs, whose current is controlled by a constant current driver. The brightness model is: ； Set power limit The optimization objective is to minimize power consumption. ； External illuminance is collected using an ambient light sensor (ALS). Set dynamic brightness targets based on visual response models. : ； in For maximum brightness, The visual nonlinear response index is used to dynamically adjust the drive current. To achieve energy saving, the driving current formula is as follows: 。 10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a program for an embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array. When the program for the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the embedded ring light source modulation method based on a Micro-LED array as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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