A fan gear box air inlet self-cleaning device and a self-cleaning method
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUANENG RENEWABLES CORP LTD HEBEI BRANCH
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN122183273A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a self-cleaning device and method for the air inlet of a wind turbine gearbox. Background Technology
[0002] In wind turbine generators operating in plains areas, the gearbox radiator air inlets are constantly exposed to agricultural dust (during wheat / corn harvest season) and plant fibers (during peak poplar and willow catkin season). These pollutants easily accumulate and clog the air inlets, leading to poor gearbox heat dissipation, overheating, and shutdown, severely affecting the normal operation of the wind turbine. Existing technologies mainly employ two types of protection and cleaning solutions: regular manual cleaning or passive filter protection.
[0003] However, these two existing technologies have the following drawbacks: (1) Manual periodic cleaning plan: Maintenance personnel need to climb the tower to clean the dust accumulated in the air inlet every 7 to 15 days. However, wind turbines are scattered in the plains, and it takes a long time to climb the tower for cleaning (including safety preparation time of more than 1 hour). The periodic cleaning mode cannot cope with extreme scenarios such as sudden dust storms (such as short-term high concentration of dust caused by straw burning during the harvest season). The response is significantly delayed, which can easily lead to the gearbox overheating and shutdown after the air inlet is blocked. The operation and maintenance costs and safety risks are high. The average annual cleaning frequency of a single wind turbine is 24 to 48 times, and the comprehensive cost of a single cleaning (including labor, safety protection and round-trip transportation) exceeds 200 yuan. In addition, frequent high-altitude operations can easily cause safety accidents such as falls and electric shocks, which does not meet the requirements for improving the inherent safety of wind farms.
[0004] (2) Passive filter protection solution: A fixed filter is installed at the air inlet to achieve basic filtration. However, this solution only has basic filtration function and no self-cleaning ability. After the filter becomes clogged, the machine needs to be stopped for disassembly and replacement. Each operation takes ≥30 minutes, which leads to an extension of unplanned downtime of the fan. In addition, during the disassembly process, fiber dust can easily enter the radiator, which aggravates the wear and tear of the equipment. Furthermore, it lacks an intelligent protection mechanism and cannot monitor the filter clogging status in real time. It needs to rely on manual inspection to find problems, which further extends the response time. Moreover, there is no fire hazard prevention design, and the accumulation of willow catkins can easily cause a fire risk.
[0005] In summary, none of the existing technologies have solved the core requirements of "real-time response, automatic cleaning, no secondary pollution, and low operation and maintenance risk," and there are obvious technological gaps and application limitations. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-cleaning device and method for the air inlet of a wind turbine gearbox, which can solve the problems of overheating shutdown, delayed response, secondary pollution, high operation and maintenance risks, and major safety hazards caused by agricultural dust and plant fiber blockage at the air inlet of existing wind turbine gearboxes.
[0007] This invention provides a self-cleaning device for the air inlet of a fan gearbox, comprising: a housing, fixedly installed on the outside of the air inlet of the gearbox cooling fan; a filter screen, rotatably installed on the side of the housing adjacent to the air inlet; a drive assembly, connected to the filter screen and driving the filter screen to rotate; a cleaning assembly, installed inside the housing and attached to the side of the filter screen away from the air inlet; a dust suction assembly, the dust suction port of the dust suction assembly facing the cleaning assembly; a sensor assembly for real-time monitoring of the clogging status of the filter screen; and a control unit, communicatively connected to the sensor assembly, the drive assembly, and the dust suction assembly; the control unit is configured to: upon receiving a clogging trigger signal sent by the sensor assembly, or upon receiving a preset timed trigger signal, activate the drive assembly to drive the filter screen to rotate.
[0008] Furthermore, the filter screen is a flexible filter screen; the driving assembly includes a driver, a first roller and a second roller, the first roller and the second roller are spaced apart and rotatably connected to the housing, and the driver is drivingly connected to the first roller; the filter screen is annularly wrapped around the first roller and the second roller, and the rotation of the first roller and the second roller causes the filter screen to pass through the air inlet at different positions.
[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a rotating brush and a brush drive shaft, the rotating brush being connected to the brush drive shaft and disposed outside the side of the annular filter screen.
[0010] Furthermore, the rotating brush moves in the opposite direction to the contact point with the filter screen.
[0011] Furthermore, the rotating brush is disposed on the side of the second roller away from the first roller, and the second roller is connected to the brush drive shaft via an idler gear transmission.
[0012] Furthermore, the suction port of the suction assembly is located to the side of the contact point between the rotating brush and the filter.
[0013] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes an infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor and / or a differential pressure sensor; the transmitter and receiver of the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor are respectively placed on both sides of the air inlet, and are used to detect the occlusion rate of the filter. When the received signal attenuates to a preset threshold, a blockage trigger signal is sent to the control unit; the differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure difference before and after the air inlet. When the pressure difference reaches a preset threshold, a blockage trigger signal is sent to the control unit.
[0014] Furthermore, the preset threshold of the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor is a received signal attenuation of ≥30%.
[0015] This invention also provides a self-cleaning method based on the self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox, comprising the following steps: S1 Trigger Judgment: When the sensor component detects that the air inlet blockage has reached a preset threshold or a preset timed trigger cycle, it sends a start signal to the control unit to trigger the cleaning process. S2 Collaborative Cleaning Execution: After receiving the start signal, the control unit simultaneously executes two sets of control actions: First, it controls the cooling fan speed of the fan gearbox to drop to 50% of the rated speed, forming a stable micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet area; Second, it starts the drive motor to drive the filter screen to rotate, and simultaneously starts the sweeping component and the dust collection component. Through the collaborative operation of filter screen rotation, brush sweeping, and dust collection component adsorption, pollutants on the filter screen surface are removed. S3 Cleaning End Reset: When the cleaning process reaches the preset termination condition, the control unit issues a stop command, sequentially shutting down the drive component, sweeping component, and vacuuming component, while controlling the cooling fan to resume operation at the rated speed, completing a single self-cleaning process.
[0016] Furthermore, it also includes abnormal handling steps: when the pressure sensor built into the vacuum component detects that the air duct pressure has reached the blockage threshold, the control unit immediately triggers a local alarm and stops the cleaning process; when the overload protection module of the drive component detects that the cleaning component or the filter is stuck, it automatically cuts off the drive power supply, and the control unit triggers an alarm at the same time.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows: 1. By adopting a dual mechanism of real-time monitoring and timed triggering using sensor components, the existing technology's reactive processing mode can be replaced. This allows for the rapid initiation of the cleaning process after filter blockage occurs, shortening unplanned downtime caused by air inlet blockage, effectively responding to sudden high-concentration dust scenarios, and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the fan.
[0018] 2. By adopting a collaborative operation mode of filter rotation, brush cleaning, and negative pressure adsorption, the comprehensive removal rate of pollutants such as willow catkins and straw dust is improved, the recurrence rate of air inlet blockage is reduced, and the problems of deep clogging of passive filters and incomplete manual cleaning in existing technologies are solved, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the heat dissipation system.
[0019] 3. The control unit enables coordinated control of each component and the cooling fan. During the cleaning process, the cooling fan slows down to form a stable micro-negative pressure field, which, together with the dust collection component, achieves fully enclosed collection of pollutants, improves the operation and maintenance environment, and reduces the occupational health risks of operation and maintenance personnel.
[0020] IV. This invention enables fully automated, unattended operation, reduces the frequency of manual cleaning, saves maintenance costs, avoids the safety risks of high-altitude cleaning operations, and eliminates safety accidents such as falls and electric shocks, thus meeting the needs of improving the inherent safety of wind farms.
[0021] Fifth, it can ensure unobstructed air intake, reduce the rate of gearbox overheating shutdowns due to poor heat dissipation, effectively extend the service life of core components such as gearboxes and radiators, and reduce equipment replacement and maintenance costs; during seasons with high dust and poplar catkins, it can significantly improve the availability of wind turbines, increase annual power generation, and create considerable economic benefits for wind farms.
[0022] VI. The device of this invention has a compact structure, and installation does not require modification of the original fan equipment. It can be directly adapted to the air inlet of the fan gearbox radiator of different power and size. At the same time, it can be extended to the automatic maintenance of the air inlet of industrial equipment such as transformer substation radiators and converter cooling systems. It does not require major adjustments to the core structure, has a wide range of application scenarios, and has universal promotion value. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning device of the present invention from the front view. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning device of the present invention from the top view. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning device of the present invention from a lower view. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-cleaning device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the self-cleaning device of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Outer casing, 2-Air inlet, 3-Filter; 4-Drive assembly, 41-Drive motor, 42-First roller, 43-Second roller, 44-Idler wheel; 5-Sweeping assembly, 51-Rotating brush, 52-Brush drive shaft; 6-Dust collection assembly, 61-Dust collection port; 7-Sensor assembly, 8-Control unit. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0028] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a self-cleaning device for the air inlet of a fan gearbox, comprising: The outer casing 1 is fixedly installed on the outside of the air inlet 2 of the gearbox cooling fan. The outer casing 1 is secured to the outside of the air inlet 2 of the gearbox cooling fan (specifically, on the lower side of the air inlet 2) using sealing strips and fastening screws. The fit gap between the outer casing 1 and the edge of the air inlet 2 is ≤2mm, completely blocking the path of unfiltered air flowing around into the radiator, ensuring filtration and cleaning effects. Simultaneously, the outer casing 1 has no structural interference with the fan casing 1, allowing for installation without modifying the existing fan equipment. This invention limits the fit gap to ≤2mm because: firstly, if the gap is too large, dusty air will directly enter the radiator without being filtered by the filter 3, completely losing its filtration and protective function; secondly, an excessively large gap will disrupt the stability of the micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet 2 area during cleaning, causing dust to detach and fly, leading to secondary pollution. This gap control simultaneously solves the problems of airflow pollution and negative pressure field failure.
[0029] The filter screen 3 is rotatably installed on the side of the housing 1 adjacent to the air inlet 2. The filter screen 3 is rotatably installed inside the housing 1 and completely covers the ventilation section of the air inlet 2. It is used to intercept pollutants such as dust and willow catkins in the air and prevent them from entering the radiator and causing blockage and wear.
[0030] Drive component 4 is connected to filter screen 3 and drives filter screen 3 to rotate; The cleaning component 5 is installed inside the housing 1 and attached to the side of the filter screen 3 away from the air inlet 2. The cleaning component 5 is installed inside the housing 1 and attached to the side of the filter screen 3 away from the air inlet 2. It is in close contact with the outer surface of the filter screen 3 and is used to remove pollutants that are attached to the surface of the filter screen 3 and stuck in the mesh.
[0031] The dust collection component 6 has a suction port 61 facing the cleaning component 5. The dust collection component 6 is fixedly installed on the housing 1, with its suction port 61 facing the contact area between the cleaning component 5 and the filter screen 3. It is used to adsorb and collect the pollutants that are removed during cleaning, so as to prevent dust from scattering and re-entraining.
[0032] Sensor assembly 7 is used to monitor the clogging status of filter 3 in real time and transmit the clogging signal to control unit 8 in real time.
[0033] The control unit 8 uses a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the sensor assembly 7, drive assembly 4, and vacuum assembly 6 respectively. It can be connected to the original main control system of the fan to realize remote monitoring and parameter debugging. The control unit 8 is configured to start the cleaning process when it receives a blockage trigger signal sent by the sensor assembly 7 or a preset timed trigger signal. After the cleaning process starts, two sets of coordinated control commands are executed simultaneously: First, the speed of the cooling fan of the fan gearbox is reduced to 50% of the rated speed to form a stable micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet 2 area; Second, the drive assembly 4 is started to drive the filter 3 to rotate, and the sweeping assembly 5 and vacuum assembly 6 are started at the same time to realize the coordinated cleaning operation of filter 3 rotation, brush sweeping, and vacuum suction; When the cleaning process reaches the preset termination condition, the drive assembly 4, sweeping assembly 5, and vacuum assembly 6 are controlled to stop working in sequence, and the cooling fan is controlled to return to the rated speed. In existing technologies, the cleaning operation and the operation of the cooling fan are completely independent. If the cooling fan operates at its rated speed, the strong airflow at the air inlet 2 will blow away the dust and fibers that have been swept off, causing serious secondary pollution and even allowing contaminants to enter the radiator. If the machine is stopped for cleaning, the gearbox's heat dissipation will be interrupted, leading to excessive temperature rise and damage to core components. This invention limits the speed of the cooling fan to 50% of its rated speed during the cleaning process. Through extensive fluid dynamics simulations and on-site testing, it has been verified that when the cooling fan speed drops to 50% of its rated speed, a stable micro-negative pressure field can be formed in the air inlet 2 area. The negative pressure adsorption effect keeps the detached contaminants adhering to the surface of the filter screen 3, preventing them from scattering and flying away. This, combined with the dust collection component 6, achieves 100% collection. On the other hand, it ensures the basic cooling airflow of the gearbox, ensuring that the gearbox temperature rise during cleaning is ≤3℃, fully meeting the safety threshold for fan operation. This design does not require additional negative pressure generation equipment, reuses the existing cooling fan to achieve functional reuse, and has a simple structure and controllable cost.
[0034] Example 2 The filter screen 3 is a flexible filter screen 3; the drive assembly 4 includes a driver, a first roller 42 and a second roller 43, the first roller 42 and the second roller 43 are spaced apart and rotatably connected to the outer shell 1, and the driver is drivenly connected to the first roller 42; the filter screen 3 is wrapped around the first roller 42 and the second roller 43 in a ring shape, and the filter screen 3 passes through the air inlet 2 at different positions through the rotation of the first roller 42 and the second roller 43.
[0035] Specifically, the filter screen 3 is a flexible annular filter screen 3, which can be kept flat by the tension of the rollers to avoid deformation after long-term use and extend the service life of the filter screen 3; the filter screen 3 is made of UL94V-0 grade flame-retardant glass fiber flexible filter cloth material with a mesh density of 80 mesh; the first roller 42 and the second roller 43 are arranged horizontally at intervals, and both ends are rotatably connected to the outer shell 1 through bearings. The driver is a geared motor, which is fixed on the outside of the outer shell 1, and its output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the first roller 42; the flexible annular filter screen 3 is wrapped around the outside of the first roller 42 and the second roller 43 in an annular shape, and is kept flat by the tension of the first roller 42 and the second roller 43. When the driver drives the first roller 42 to rotate, it drives the flexible annular filter screen 3 to make a continuous rotational motion along the outer contour of the first and second rollers 43, so that different positions of the filter screen 3 pass through the ventilation section of the air inlet 2 and the cleaning area of the cleaning component 5 in sequence.
[0036] Example 3 The cleaning assembly 5 includes a rotating brush 51 and a brush drive shaft 52. The rotating brush 51 is connected to the brush drive shaft 52 and is positioned outside the side of the annular filter 3. The rotating brush 51 moves in the opposite direction to the contact point with the filter 3. The rotating brush 51 is located outside the second roller 43 on the side away from the first roller 42. The second roller 43 and the brush drive shaft 52 are connected via an idler wheel 44. The suction port 61 of the vacuuming assembly 6 is located below the contact point between the rotating brush 51 and the filter 3.
[0037] Specifically, the two ends of the brush drive shaft 52 are rotatably connected to the outer casing 1 via bearings, and the nylon bristles of the rotating brush 51 are tightly attached to the outer surface of the filter screen 3. The rotating brush 51 is located on the side of the annular filter screen 3, and its movement direction at the contact point with the filter screen 3 is opposite to the movement direction of the filter screen 3. This invention solves the problem of incomplete cleaning after poplar and willow catkins and plant fibers clog the filter screen 3 by using a reverse movement design. Such pollutants are easily wrapped and embedded in the mesh of the filter screen 3. If the rotating brush 51 moves in the same direction as the filter screen 3, it can only sweep away the floating dust on the surface of the filter screen 3, and cannot effectively shear the embedded fibers. The fibers will move with the filter screen 3, resulting in incomplete cleaning and rapid re-clogging of the filter screen 3. However, the reverse movement can create a strong shearing force between the bristles and the filter screen 3, which can completely peel off the fibers embedded in the mesh and the wrapped poplar and willow catkins. According to on-site working condition tests, the overall cleaning rate of reverse cleaning is more than 40% higher than that of same-direction cleaning.
[0038] The idler wheel 44 drives the rotating brush 51 to rotate in the opposite direction to the second roller 43, eliminating the need for an additional independent brush drive motor 41, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing the equipment failure rate under complex field conditions. At the same time, it ensures that the linear speed of the brush and the filter screen 3 are precisely matched, avoiding excessive wear of the brush bristles due to excessive speed difference and extending the service life of the equipment.
[0039] The vacuuming assembly 6 uses a HEPA vacuum cleaner, which is fixedly installed on the side step of the housing 1. It collects the debris from the side and bottom areas of the rotating brush 51 through an open collection port. It has a built-in HEPA filter with a filtration efficiency of ≥99.97% and a rated air volume of ≥50m³ / h. The cleaned and shed pollutants are attracted by the airflow from the side suction port 61 and do not obstruct the airflow from the upper air inlet 2, achieving efficient collection and avoiding the accumulation of pollutants inside the housing 1 that would cause secondary pollution.
[0040] Example 4 Sensor assembly 7 includes an infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor and / or a differential pressure sensor. The transmitter and receiver of the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor are respectively located on both sides of the air inlet 2, used to detect the occlusion rate of the filter 3. When the received signal attenuates to a preset threshold, it sends a blockage trigger signal to the control unit 8. The differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure difference before and after the air inlet 2. When the pressure difference reaches a preset threshold, it sends a blockage trigger signal to the control unit 8. The preset threshold for the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor is a received signal attenuation ≥30%.
[0041] Specifically, this invention features a dual-sensor optional configuration design, which can be adapted to different working conditions: the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor has a fast response speed and can accurately identify fibrous obstructions such as willow catkins, making it suitable for areas with high incidence of willow catkins; the differential pressure sensor can accurately reflect the attenuation of the air permeability of filter 3, making it suitable for agricultural planting areas with high dust concentrations. When configured in combination, dual redundant monitoring can be achieved, avoiding missed detections caused by the failure of a single sensor and solving the potential problem of equipment failures not being detected in a timely manner under field conditions.
[0042] The trigger cycle of the timed trigger signal of control unit 8 can be flexibly configured within the range of 1 to 6 hours, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the pollution level of the season and region. Timed triggering enables proactive prevention. During non-pollution peak seasons, a long cycle of 4 to 6 hours can be set to reduce equipment operating wear; during peak poplar and willow catkin seasons and crop harvesting seasons, a short cycle of 1 to 2 hours can be set to remove initial deposits on the surface of filter screen 3 in advance, avoiding deep clogging, and achieving dual protection of proactive prevention and passive response.
[0043] Example 5 This invention also provides a self-cleaning method based on a self-cleaning device for the air inlet 2 of a fan gearbox, comprising the following steps: S1 Trigger Judgment: When the sensor component 7 detects that the blockage of the air inlet 2 has reached a preset threshold or a preset timed trigger cycle, it sends a start signal to the control unit 8 to trigger the cleaning process. S2 Collaborative Cleaning Execution: After receiving the start signal, the control unit 8 synchronously executes two sets of control actions: First, it controls the cooling fan speed of the fan gearbox to drop to 50% of the rated speed, forming a stable micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet 2 area; Second, it starts the drive motor 41 to drive the filter screen 3 to rotate, and simultaneously starts the sweeping component 5 and the dust collection component 6. Through the collaborative operation of the rotation of the filter screen 3, the brush sweeping, and the dust collection component 6 adsorption, the pollutants on the surface of the filter screen 3 are removed. S3 Cleaning End Reset: When the cleaning process reaches the preset termination condition, the control unit 8 issues a stop command, sequentially shutting down the drive component 4, the sweeping component 5, and the vacuuming component 6, while controlling the cooling fan to resume operation at the rated speed, thus completing a single self-cleaning process.
[0044] Abnormal Handling Steps: When the pressure sensor built into the vacuum assembly 6 detects that the duct pressure has reached the blockage threshold, the control unit 8 immediately triggers a local alarm and stops the cleaning process. When the overload protection module of the drive assembly 4 detects that the cleaning assembly 5 or the filter 3 is stuck, it automatically cuts off the drive power, and the control unit 8 triggers an alarm. The fan operates in environments with high temperatures, humidity, and high dust concentrations. Willow catkins and straw fibers easily entangle the shaft, causing blockage, and the vacuum cleaner filter is easily clogged, leading to overload. This invention uses a pressure sensor built into the HEPA vacuum cleaner, electrically connected to the control unit 8, to monitor the vacuum cleaner's duct pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the blockage threshold, the control unit 8 immediately triggers a local alarm and stops the cleaning process to prevent damage from overload. The drive unit 4's driver / drive motor 41 integrates an overload protection module. When the rotating brush 51 or the filter 3 becomes stuck, the overload protection module automatically cuts off the drive power, and the control unit 8 triggers an alarm. This protection mechanism enables real-time fault response and protection, improving the reliability of the device and reducing equipment failure risks and maintenance costs.
[0045] The preset termination condition for the cleaning process is: filter 3 completes 1 to 5 rotations according to preset parameters, with each rotation taking 5 to 15 seconds, and the total cleaning time ≤ 45 seconds. These parameters can be adjusted and optimized on-site according to the size of air inlet 2 and the degree of contamination, ensuring the cleaning effect while minimizing the time the cooling fan runs at reduced speed, thus ensuring the heat dissipation safety of the gearbox.
[0046] Control unit 8 employs the following control logic: Triggering logic: A dual triggering mechanism of "real-time monitoring passive response + timed triggering active prevention" is adopted. The cleaning process is started when either condition is met: ① receiving the blockage trigger signal sent by sensor component 7; ② reaching the preset timed triggering cycle. The timed cycle can be configured in the range of 1 to 6 hours. In this embodiment, it is set to 6 hours in the non-pollution season and 1 hour in the high incidence period of poplar and willow catkins and the harvest season.
[0047] Collaborative cleaning logic: After the cleaning process is started, the control unit 8 outputs two sets of control commands simultaneously: First, it sends a command to the main control system of the fan to control the speed of the cooling fan to drop to 50% of the rated speed, forming a stable micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet 2 area; Second, it controls the drive motor 41 to start, driving the filter 3 to rotate, and at the same time starts the rotating brush 51 and the HEPA vacuum cleaner, realizing the collaborative cleaning of the filter 3 rotation, brush sweeping and vacuum cleaner adsorption.
[0048] Termination and Reset Logic: The preset cleaning termination condition is that the filter 3 completes 3 rotations, with each rotation taking 10 seconds and a total cleaning time of 30 seconds. When the control unit 8 detects that the filter 3 has reached the rotation target, it issues a stop command, controlling the drive motor 41, rotating brush 51, and HEPA vacuum cleaner to stop working in sequence. At the same time, it sends a command to the fan main control system to control the cooling fan to resume operation at 100% rated speed, and the cleaning process ends.
[0049] Abnormal handling logic: The HEPA vacuum cleaner has a built-in pressure sensor that monitors the air duct pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the blockage threshold (preset to 800Pa in this embodiment), the control unit 8 immediately triggers a local audible and visual alarm and sends a remote alarm signal to the fan main control system, while stopping the cleaning process. The overload protection module of the drive motor 41 monitors the operating current in real time. When the current exceeds 1.2 times the rated current, it is determined that the rotating brush 51 or the filter 3 is stuck, and the drive power is automatically cut off. At the same time, the control unit 8 triggers an alarm to prevent the equipment from burning out.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-cleaning device for the air inlet of a fan gearbox, characterized in that, include: The outer casing is fixedly installed on the outside of the gearbox cooling fan inlet. The filter screen is rotatably mounted on the side of the housing adjacent to the air inlet; A drive component is connected to the filter screen and drives the filter screen to rotate; A cleaning assembly is installed inside the housing and fits against the side of the filter furthest from the air inlet; A vacuuming assembly, wherein the vacuuming port of the vacuuming assembly faces the cleaning assembly; A sensor assembly for real-time monitoring of the filter's clogging status; The control unit is communicatively connected to the sensor assembly, drive assembly, and vacuum assembly, respectively. The control unit is configured to activate the drive component and drive the filter to rotate when it receives a blockage trigger signal sent by the sensor component or a preset timed trigger signal.
2. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter screen is a flexible filter screen; The drive assembly includes a driver, a first roller, and a second roller. The first roller and the second roller are spaced apart and rotatably connected to the housing. The driver is drivenly connected to the first roller. The filter screen is wrapped in a ring around the first roller and the second roller, and the rotation of the first roller and the second roller causes the filter screen to pass through the air inlet at different positions.
3. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a rotating brush and a brush drive shaft. The rotating brush is connected to the brush drive shaft and is disposed on the outer side of the annular filter screen.
4. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating brush moves in the opposite direction to the contact point with the filter screen.
5. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating brush is located on the side of the second roller away from the first roller, and the second roller is connected to the brush drive shaft via an idler gear.
6. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, The suction port of the vacuuming assembly is located to the side of the contact point between the rotating brush and the filter.
7. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes an infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor and / or a differential pressure sensor; The transmitter and receiver of the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor are respectively placed on both sides of the air inlet to detect the occlusion rate of the filter. When the received signal attenuates to a preset threshold, a blockage trigger signal is sent to the control unit. The differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure difference before and after the air inlet. When the pressure difference reaches a preset threshold, it sends a blockage trigger signal to the control unit.
8. The self-cleaning device for the air inlet of the fan gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preset threshold for the infrared through-beam photoelectric sensor is a received signal attenuation of ≥30%.
9. A self-cleaning method based on the self-cleaning device for the air inlet of a fan gearbox according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Trigger Judgment: When the sensor component detects that the air inlet blockage has reached a preset threshold or a preset timed trigger cycle, it sends a start signal to the control unit to trigger the cleaning process. S2 Collaborative Cleaning Execution: After receiving the start signal, the control unit simultaneously executes two sets of control actions: First, it controls the cooling fan speed of the fan gearbox to drop to 50% of the rated speed, forming a stable micro-negative pressure field in the air inlet area; Second, it starts the drive motor to drive the filter screen to rotate, and simultaneously starts the sweeping component and the dust collection component. Through the collaborative operation of filter screen rotation, brush sweeping, and dust collection component adsorption, pollutants on the filter screen surface are removed. S3 Cleaning End Reset: When the cleaning process reaches the preset termination condition, the control unit issues a stop command, sequentially shutting down the drive component, sweeping component, and vacuuming component, while controlling the cooling fan to resume operation at the rated speed, completing a single self-cleaning process.
10. The self-cleaning method according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes abnormal handling steps: when the pressure sensor built into the vacuum component detects that the air duct pressure has reached the blockage threshold, the control unit immediately triggers a local alarm and stops the cleaning process; when the overload protection module of the drive component detects that the cleaning component or the filter is stuck, it automatically cuts off the drive power and the control unit triggers an alarm.