A tannery deodorization method and system based on reaction cluster classification and polarity matching

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of pollutant control, and discloses a tannery deodorization method and system based on reaction cluster classification and polarity matching, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: constructing a tannery pollution characteristic database, and collecting characteristic pollution factor concentration data in the environment in real time; Step 2: calculating the current odor polarity index and comprehensive odor load according to the database and the collected data in Step 1; Step 3: determining the category of pollutants according to the current odor polarity index calculated in Step 2, obtaining the combination ratio of deodorants according to the category of pollutants, determining the odor load state according to the size of the comprehensive odor load and a preset threshold, and obtaining the deodorant spraying parameters according to the odor load state; and spraying the deodorants according to the combination ratio of the deodorants and the spraying parameters; the present application converts parameters into a single polarity control variable, determines the specific deodorant ratio and spraying parameters according to the current pollutant state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pollutant control technology, specifically to a method and system for deodorizing leather based on reaction cluster classification and polarity matching. Background Technology

[0002] The existing deodorization methods used in leather tanning parks and enterprises mainly involve continuous or timed spraying of single-spectrum deodorants, or spraying triggered by a single odor concentration threshold. However, the leather tanning process is lengthy and complex, including multiple stages such as soaking, defurization, degreasing, hair removal, liming, deliming, softening, pickling, tanning, and dyeing. The composition of odorous gases released from different stages varies significantly, mainly including ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and trimethylamine, and the generation patterns of various odors vary greatly with time and process. Current emission standards clearly stipulate limits for eight major pollutants: ammonia, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide, and styrene.

[0003] Against this backdrop, existing deodorization methods still suffer from the following problems in practical operation: 1) Single deodorizing agents cannot specifically remove malodorous components with different acidity, alkalinity, polarity, and reactivity, resulting in limited overall deodorization efficiency; 2) To ensure emission compliance, systems are often over-sprayed, leading to low agent utilization and high operating costs; 3) They pose a risk of secondary pollution, as excessive spraying of deodorizing agents may form aerosol sedimentation or trigger new odor problems. In summary, existing deodorization methods are significantly insufficient in terms of targeting, economy, and environmental friendliness when dealing with the complex and varied malodorous systems of leather tanning, and urgently require further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a leather deodorization method and system based on reaction cluster classification and polarity matching.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construct a database of pollution characteristics from leather tanning and collect real-time data on the concentration of characteristic pollutants in the environment; Step 2: Calculate the current odor polarity index and overall odor load based on the database and collected data from Step 1; Step 3: Determine the category of pollutants based on the current odor polarity index calculated in Step 2, and obtain the deodorant combination ratio based on the pollutant category; The odor load status is determined based on the magnitude of the comprehensive odor load and the preset threshold, and the deodorant spraying parameters are obtained based on the odor load status. The deodorant is sprayed according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters.

[0006] Furthermore, in step 1, the pollutant categories are pollutants containing a first reaction cluster, pollutants containing a second reaction cluster, and pollutants containing a third reaction cluster, and the deodorizers corresponding to the pollutants are deodorizer A, deodorizer B, and deodorizer C, respectively; wherein the first reaction cluster is an alkaline nitrogen-containing reaction cluster, the second reaction cluster is an acidic / reducing sulfur-containing reaction cluster, and the third reaction cluster is a neutral hydrophobic / volatile organic reaction cluster.

[0007] Furthermore, the odor polarity index The calculation process is as follows:

[0008] In the formula: The total basicity load of the first reaction cluster, The total acid load of the second reaction cluster, The total hydrophobic organic load of the third reactive cluster; , , This is the corresponding correction factor.

[0009] Furthermore, the process for determining the deodorant combination ratio in step 3 is as follows: like In this case, deodorant A is the primary agent. The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is:

[0010] In the formula: To maintain the minimum maintenance ratio, To determine the threshold, S represents the maximum allocatable margin, and S is the sensitivity saturation range. The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is: ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like In this case, deodorant B is the dominant agent; The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is:

[0011] The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like In this case, deodorant C is the dominant agent; The content of deodorant A and the content of deodorant B in the deodorant are both... ;Right now ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is .

[0012] Furthermore, the calculation process for the comprehensive odor load is as follows:

[0013] In the formula: To comprehensively address the odor load, For the first i Concentration of pollutants, For the first i Emission standard limits for each pollutant, For the first i Environmental sensitivity weights of pollutants n This refers to the quantity of pollutants.

[0014] Furthermore, the deodorant spraying parameters include spraying pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, the process for determining the spray pressure is as follows:

[0016] In the formula: For spray pressure, To minimize work pressure, To maximize work pressure, This is the reference value for full load.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: After spraying according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters in step 3, obtain the concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the collected environment; repeat steps 1 to 3.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned The value range is 0.8 to 1.2; The value range is 5.0 to 15.0; The value of the parameter is 0.01 to 0.1.

[0019] A leather deodorization system based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes: The information acquisition module is used to collect real-time concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the environment. The control module is used to calculate the current odor polarity index and the overall odor load based on the collected characteristic pollutant concentration data; The category of pollutants is determined based on the calculated current odor polarity index, and the deodorant combination ratio is obtained based on the category of pollutants. The odor load status is determined based on the magnitude of the comprehensive odor load and the preset threshold, and the deodorant spraying parameters are obtained based on the odor load status. The execution module is used to perform deodorant spraying according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention first classifies typical odorous pollutants generated in the leather tanning process into three categories based on their molecular polarity, acid-base dissociation constants, and group reactivity. Based on the classification results, a feature mapping database is established, and the current odor polarity index and overall odor load are calculated. Then, based on the current pollutant status, targeted deodorant formulations and spraying parameters are determined. This solves the problems of poor targeting, waste of reagents, and secondary pollution currently existing in the industry. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a database of pollution characteristics from leather tanning and collect real-time data on the concentration of characteristic pollutants in the environment; Based on the functional monitoring areas divided within the tannery park, and by collecting data at different stages of production processes in each area, the results will be more accurate. Production processes include preparation, tanning, and finishing stages.

[0024] The concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the environment are collected by a multi-parameter gas sensor array set up in the monitoring area. The characteristic pollutants include three categories of pollution data as described below, and the equivalent concentration of characteristic components is obtained by combining spectral analysis or chromatographic analysis data.

[0025] Odor pollutants are classified into eight typical types according to current standards, but these substances do not exist in isolation in terms of chemical mechanisms. Based on the molecular polarity, acid-base dissociation constant, and functional group reactivity of the pollutants, the eight parameters are summarized into three reaction clusters, each corresponding to a specific deodorizer.

[0026] The pollutant categories are pollutants containing a first reaction cluster, pollutants containing a second reaction cluster, and pollutants containing a third reaction cluster. The corresponding deodorizers for the pollutants are deodorizer A, deodorizer B, and deodorizer C, respectively. Among them, the first reaction cluster is a basic nitrogen-containing reaction cluster, the second reaction cluster is an acidic / reducing sulfur-containing reaction cluster, and the third reaction cluster is a neutral hydrophobic / volatile organic reaction cluster.

[0027] The pollutants include the first reaction cluster, which is an alkaline nitrogen-containing reaction cluster, and the corresponding deodorant is A.

[0028] This type of pollutant contains components such as ammonia (NH3) and trimethylamine (N(CH3)3), and its chemical characteristics are: it has lone pairs of electrons, exhibiting Lewis bases; it is readily soluble in water and shows alkalinity in aqueous solutions. Therefore, these substances need to be removed through protonation and condensation reactions.

[0029] Deodorant A is a plant extract rich in carboxyl (-COOH) and phenolic hydroxyl (-OH) groups (selected from existing deodorants).

[0030] Reaction mechanism: R-COOH + NH3 → R-COONH4 (acid-base neutralization); phenolic substances undergo nucleophilic addition with trimethylamine or form hydrogen-bonded complexes.

[0031] The pollutant contains a second reaction cluster, which is an acidic / reducing sulfur-containing reaction cluster, and the corresponding deodorant is B.

[0032] This type of pollutant contains components such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methanethiol (CH3SH). Its chemical characteristics include the presence of thiol groups (-SH) in the molecule, exhibiting weak acidity and strong reducing properties; it also has an extremely low odor threshold, causing odor even in trace amounts. Therefore, these substances must be removed through acid-base buffering and catalytic oxidation reactions.

[0033] The corresponding deodorant B is a plant extract rich in terpenes, aldehydes, and natural alkaline alkaloids (such as terpineol and citral).

[0034] Reaction mechanism: H2S + OH - →HS - +H2O (dissociation capture); the double bond of terpenes undergoes an addition reaction with the thiol group, or catalytically oxidizes sulfur ions to elemental sulfur or sulfate in the presence of trace amounts of oxygen.

[0035] The pollutant contains a third reaction cluster, which is a neutral hydrophobic / volatile organic reaction cluster, and the corresponding deodorant is C.

[0036] This type of pollutant includes components such as dimethyl sulfide (CH3SCH3), dimethyl disulfide (CH3SSCH3), carbon disulfide (CS2), and styrene (C6H5CH=CH2). These substances lack active acid and base groups and are mostly nonpolar or weakly polar molecules (hydrophobic), exhibiting low solubility in water and proving difficult to remove using traditional acid-base scrubbing. Therefore, these substances require removal through solubilization, van der Waals adsorption, and cage-like inclusion.

[0037] The corresponding deodorant C is a plant extract rich in natural amphoteric surfactants (such as saponins) and macrocyclic compounds (such as cyclodextrin derivatives).

[0038] Reaction mechanism: Surfactants reduce the interfacial tension between gas and liquid, entraining hydrophobic molecules into the micelles for solubilization; macrocyclic molecules chemically encapsulate styrene and carbon disulfide molecules, inhibiting their volatilization.

[0039] Step 2: Calculate the current odor polarity index and overall odor load based on the database and collected data from Step 1; Odor Polarity Index The calculation process is as follows:

[0040] In the formula: The total basicity load of the first reaction cluster, The total acid load of the second reaction cluster, The total hydrophobic organic load of the third reactive cluster; , , This is the corresponding correction factor.

[0041] in = ,in This represents the concentration value of trimethylamine. = ,in This represents the concentration of methanethiol. It is the sum of the equivalent concentrations of the four components: dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide, and styrene.

[0042] Based on the "Odor Pollutant Emission Standard" (GB14554-93) and the physicochemical properties of the gas, the coefficients are calculated as follows, including: k 1 and k 2:

[0043] In the formula: The national emission standard limit for ammonia is used as a reference gas. The national emission standard limit for the target gas; This represents the molar mass of ammonia, used to convert mass concentration to molar concentration to match chemical reactions. denoted as the molar mass of the target gas. This is a correction factor for the reaction kinetics of the deodorant against the gas.

[0044] The odor polarity index is used to characterize the acid-base chemical equivalent of the gas in the current area and to determine the proportion of deodorants. The odor polarity index needs a normalized value, which is in the range of (-1, 1).

[0045] when This indicates that the gas is strongly alkaline (A is the main deodorizer). when This indicates that the gas is strongly acidic (deodorizer B is the main component). when In the location [- Within this range, it indicates acid-base balance or mainly neutral VOCs (deodorants are mainly C). The process for determining the correction coefficient is as follows: This is a correction factor for the alkaline gas threshold, ranging from 0.8 to 1.2, using ammonia as a reference, because ammonia has a relatively high threshold, but its concentration is typically very high in leather tanning. This factor uses ammonia as a reference pollutant and... Normalization is performed, and the value retrieval logic is as follows: (Usually, the value is set...) =1.0 is used as the baseline value. Dynamic adjustment range: Considering that the reaction between deodorant A (acidic type) and ammonia is mainly a transient protonation reaction with an extremely fast rate, therefore in practical engineering... Its fluctuation range is relatively small.

[0046] The value is a correction factor for the acid gas threshold, ranging from 5.0 to 15.0, based on hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide has an extremely low odor threshold (0.00041 ppm) and stricter emission standards, and its odor-causing ability is far stronger than that of ammonia. The value is determined based on the standard limit ratio method. It is known that in the secondary emission standards, the boundary standard for ammonia is approximately 1.5 mg / m³, while that for hydrogen sulfide is 0.06 mg / m³. The theoretical ratio is approximately 1.5 / 0.06 = 25. However, considering that the reaction rate of deodorant B with hydrogen sulfide is slightly slower than that of acid-base neutralization, reaction kinetic compensation needs to be introduced. For high-sensitivity weighting, for example: in a pickling workshop (high-sulfur environment), to ensure that trace amounts of H2S are preferentially captured, a weighting is set. =10.0; This means that 1 ppm of H2S has the same effect on the system ratio as 10 ppm of NH3.

[0047] γ is a background interference smoothing coefficient used to prevent the denominator from being zero and to adjust sensitivity; its value is between 0.01 and 0.1. It is used to balance the interference of TVOC on polarity determination and prevent the denominator from being zero. TVOC components are complex; most non-polar organic compounds do not participate in acid-base competition reactions and are mainly removed through physical encapsulation (corresponding to deodorizer C). Value logic: γ should be used as a "damping coefficient" to avoid high concentrations of TVOC causing problems in the presence of low concentrations of acidic or alkaline gases. The value is excessively diluted to near 0 (resulting in insufficient dosage of agents A / B). Simultaneously, it characterizes the dilution effect of deodorant C on agents A / B.

[0048] The calculation process for the overall odor load is as follows:

[0049] In the formula: To comprehensively address the odor load, For the first i Concentration of pollutants, For the first i Emission standard limits for each pollutant, For the first i Environmental sensitivity weights of pollutants n This refers to the quantity of pollutants.

[0050] Step 3: Determine the category of pollutants based on the calculated current odor polarity index, and obtain the deodorant combination ratio based on the pollutant category; The process for determining the combination ratio of deodorants is as follows: like The deodorant A is the main component, and its rich carboxyl and polyphenol components are used for protonation neutralization.

[0051] The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is:

[0052] In the formula: To maintain the minimum maintenance ratio, To determine the threshold, S represents the maximum allocatable margin, and S is the sensitivity saturation range. This refers to the minimum maintenance ratio of a certain type of deodorant that needs to be retained under non-dominant operating conditions. In other words, to prevent a sudden surge of a certain type of pollutant (hysteresis effect) and to maintain the chemical activity within the chemical solution pipeline, the system will not completely shut down a certain type of agent even if calculations show it is not needed; instead, it will maintain a certain level of concentration. . Used to define the dead zone range where the acid-base properties of a gas are significant. Due to minute fluctuations and background noise in the sensor, when the calculated... When the gas is very small, its acid-base tendency is not obvious. A "neutral buffer" is set up to prevent the system from... The dominant drug is frequently switched when the concentration approaches zero.

[0053] The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is: ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like The deodorant B is the main component, which is rich in terpenes and alkaline alkaloids for oxidation and capture.

[0054] The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is:

[0055] The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like ,and At higher concentrations, deodorant C becomes the dominant agent; it utilizes its rich content of amphoteric surfactants and macrocyclic compounds for solubilization and cage-like inclusion.

[0056] The content of deodorant A and the content of deodorant B in the deodorant are both... ;Right now ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is .

[0057] The odor load status is determined based on the magnitude of the overall odor load and a preset threshold, and the deodorant spraying parameters are determined based on the odor load status; the spraying parameters include spraying pressure.

[0058] The process for determining the spray pressure is as follows:

[0059] In the formula: For spray pressure, To minimize work pressure, To maximize work pressure, This is the reference value for full load.

[0060] The mixed agents are sprayed through a high-pressure micro-mist system, according to... Adjusting the pressure and duty cycle of the atomization system controls the droplet size to between 5 and 20 micrometers. The removal of hydrophobic VOCs depends on the gas-liquid contact area (van der Waals adsorption), requiring smaller droplets to provide a large specific surface area. Acid-base neutralization (agent A / B) is relatively less sensitive to particle size, in order to match the diffusion coefficients of different gas molecules.

[0061] After spraying is completed, the gas concentration is continuously monitored. If the pollutant concentration does not reach the preset treatment standard, the threshold correction coefficient is adjusted and the calculation is repeated to enter the next spraying cycle.

[0062] A leather deodorization system based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes: The information acquisition module is used to collect real-time concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the environment. The control module is used to calculate the current odor polarity index and the overall odor load based on the collected characteristic pollutant concentration data; The category of pollutants is determined based on the calculated current odor polarity index, and the deodorant combination ratio is obtained based on the pollutant category; The odor load status is determined based on the magnitude of the overall odor load and the preset threshold, and the deodorant spraying parameters are determined based on the odor load status. The execution module is used to perform deodorant spraying according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters.

[0063] Example 1 The dynamic deodorization process in the hair removal / liming workshop of the leather industrial park is as follows: This embodiment demonstrates the typical workflow under "alkaline high load" conditions in a leather tanning park. This area mainly involves the dehairing and expansion of cowhides, which is expected to generate a large amount of ammonia and a small amount of sulfides.

[0064] A leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill storage tanks A, B, and C with deodorants containing different chemical reaction clusters, respectively, and set the baseline maintenance dosage as preset. =5%, Polarity determination threshold =0.2, weighting coefficient setting: =1.0, =10.0, =0.1; Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The system is in standby monitoring mode, with the sensor array uploading data every 30 seconds. [T0 moment - emergency situation]: The workshop begins drum unloading operation, and a sudden burst of malodorous gas occurs. Sensor data capture: =25.0ppm, =0.8ppm, =15.0ppm.

[0065] Step 2: The control module performs calculations based on the collected data. Odor Polarity Index :

[0066] Set reference values ​​for emission standards for each pollutant. , , ) and hazard weight ( , , ).

[0067] Comprehensive odor load :

[0068] Step 3: Determine the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters based on the calculated odor polarity index and comprehensive odor load.

[0069] judge =0.49> =0.2, the system determines that the current condition is "dominated by strong alkaline gas", and a spraying strategy centered on deodorant A needs to be activated.

[0070] The process for determining the content of deodorant A is as follows:

[0071] Where: S is the sensitivity saturation range, which is 0.4; that is, when When the threshold is exceeded, the main drug reaches its maximum dosage. This represents the maximum allocatable margin. .

[0072] Substitute into the calculation formula for deodorant A:

[0073] According to the calculation .

[0074] The content of deodorant B is .

[0075] The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is .

[0076] The process for determining the spray pressure is as follows: Preset parameters: Minimum working pressure (correspond Maximum working pressure (correspond Full load reference value .

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] The controller then controls the opening degree of the three-phase proportional valve of the spraying device: the dosage of deodorant A is... = Deodorant B maintains the baseline dosage. =5%; Deodorant C is set to... Spray the deodorant at a pressure (i.e., spraying pressure) of 12.0 MPa according to the calculated ratio above.

[0080] In practice, three precision metering pumps operate simultaneously, injecting 66.6 parts A, 5 parts B, and 28.4 parts C into the static mixer. The high-pressure pump then activates, and the solution is atomized into 5-micron dry mist through ruby ​​nozzles. The acidic / polyphenolic components in the micron-sized droplets rapidly capture odor molecules in the air, generating aerosols that settle. The surfactant in deodorant C encapsulates some VOCs, preventing them from diffusing with the airflow.

[0081] [Time T1 - 10 minutes after spraying] The sensor transmits data again: =4.0ppm, =0.1ppm, =10.0ppm, recalculate The results showed that although the concentration decreased, the polarity remained alkaline. Calculations... The surface load was significantly reduced, so the action was adjusted to reduce the pressure (i.e., the spraying pressure) to 4.0 MPa and switch to intermittent spraying.

[0082] Example 2 The deodorization process for "highly toxic acidic gases" in pickling and tanning workshops is as follows: This embodiment demonstrates the pickling and chrome tanning operations of naked hides in a pickling and tanning workshop. When sulfuric acid is added to the drum to lower the pH value, the residual sulfides in the hides are easily converted into hydrogen sulfide and released. The characteristics of this type of operation are: low ammonia content, but although the hydrogen sulfide concentration is low, it is highly toxic and has an extremely low odor threshold.

[0083] A leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill storage tanks A, B, and C with deodorants containing different chemical reaction clusters, respectively, and set the baseline maintenance dosage as preset. =5%, Polarity determination threshold =0.2, weighting coefficient setting: =1.0, =10.0, =0.1.

[0084] Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The system is in standby monitoring mode, with the sensor array uploading data every 30 seconds. [T0 moment - emergency situation]: The workshop begins drum unloading operation, and a sudden burst of malodorous gas occurs. Sensor data capture: =2.0ppm, =5.0ppm, =8.0ppm.

[0085] Step 2: The control module performs calculations based on the collected data. Odor Polarity Index :

[0086] Set reference values ​​for emission standards for each pollutant. , , ) and hazard weight ( , , ).

[0087] Comprehensive odor load :

[0088] Step 3: Determine the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters based on the calculated odor polarity index and comprehensive odor load.

[0089] judge =-0.91< =0.2, and the absolute value is extremely large. The system determines that the current condition is "extremely acidic / sulfide-dominated", and a spraying strategy with deodorant B as the core needs to be activated.

[0090] The content of deodorant B is as follows:

[0091] Where: S is the sensitivity saturation range, which is 0.4; that is, when When the threshold is exceeded, the main drug reaches its maximum dosage. This represents the maximum allocatable margin. .

[0092] Substituting the values, we get:

[0093] According to the calculation .

[0094] The content of deodorant B is .

[0095] The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is .

[0096] The process for determining the spray pressure is as follows: Preset parameters: Minimum working pressure (correspond Maximum working pressure (correspond Full load reference value .

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] The controller then controls the opening degree of the three-phase proportional valve of the spraying device: the dosage of deodorant A is... = Deodorant B maintains the baseline dosage. =90%; Deodorant C is set to Spray the deodorant at a pressure (i.e., spraying pressure) of 12.0 MPa according to the calculated ratio above.

[0100] In practice, three precision metering pumps operate simultaneously, injecting 5 parts A, 90 parts B, and 5 parts C into the static mixer. The high-pressure pump then activates, and the solution is atomized into a 5-micron dry mist through a ruby ​​nozzle. The acidic / polyphenolic components in the micron-sized droplets rapidly capture odor molecules in the air, generating aerosols that settle. The surfactant in deodorant C encapsulates some VOCs, preventing them from diffusing with the airflow.

[0101] [Time T1 - 5 minutes after spraying] The sensor transmits data again: =0.05ppm.

[0102] Example 3 The deodorization process for "neutral VOCs" in the finishing / drying workshop of the leather industrial park is as follows: This embodiment demonstrates the intelligent identification of "neutral VOCs" in this area, which mainly involves resin spraying and drying on leather surfaces. The exhaust gas contains almost no ammonia or hydrogen sulfide, but is filled with volatile organic solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and butyl acetate. The characteristics of this type of operation are: indistinct acidity or alkalinity, but high VOC concentration, rendering traditional acid / alkali spraying completely ineffective.

[0103] A leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill storage tanks A, B, and C with deodorants containing different chemical reaction clusters, respectively, and set the baseline maintenance dosage as preset. =5%, Polarity determination threshold =0.2, weighting coefficient setting: =1.0, =10.0, =0.1.

[0104] Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: The system is in standby monitoring mode, with the sensor array uploading data every 30 seconds. [T0 moment - emergency situation]: The workshop begins drum unloading operation, and a sudden burst of malodorous gas occurs. Sensor data capture: =0.3ppm, =0.02ppm, =150.0ppm.

[0105] Step 2: The control module performs calculations based on the collected data. Odor Polarity Index :

[0106] Set reference values ​​for emission standards for each pollutant. , , ) and hazard weight ( , , ).

[0107] Comprehensive odor load :

[0108] Although the overall odor load did not exceed the standards for acid and alkaline gases, Seriously exceeded the standard It still displays as "medium to high load (judged based on threshold)".

[0109] Step 3: Determine the deodorant combination ratio and spraying pressure based on the calculated odor polarity index and comprehensive odor load.

[0110] judge =0.006 < 0.2, located in [- Within this range, the system determines that the current condition is "extremely acidic / sulfide-dominated" and a spraying strategy centered on deodorant C needs to be initiated.

[0111] The content of deodorant A is .

[0112] The content of deodorant B is .

[0113] The content of deodorant C is calculated as follows: .

[0114] The process for determining the spray pressure is as follows: Preset parameters: Minimum working pressure (correspond Maximum working pressure (correspond Full load reference value .

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] The controller then controls the opening degree of the three-phase proportional valve of the spraying device: the dosage of deodorant A is... = Deodorant B maintains the baseline dosage. =5%; Deodorant C is set to... Spray the deodorant at a pressure (i.e., spraying pressure) of 4.99 MPa according to the calculated ratio above.

[0118] In practice, three precision metering pumps operate simultaneously, injecting 5 parts A, 5 parts B, and 90 parts C into the static mixer. The high-pressure pump then activates, and the solution is dispersed into a 10-micron dry mist through a ruby ​​nozzle. The acidic / polyphenolic components in the micron-sized droplets rapidly capture odor molecules in the air, generating aerosols that settle. The surfactant in deodorant C encapsulates some VOCs, preventing them from diffusing with the airflow.

[0119] [Time T1 - 15 minutes after spraying] The sensor transmits data again: The pungent solvent odor in the workshop has significantly decreased. The sensor transmits data again: =30.0ppm.

[0120] The system "failed" when the acid-base index was "ineffective" (i.e. Even under these conditions, the system can still identify VOC pollution through logical judgment and automatically switch to physical adsorption / solubilization mode, demonstrating the system's ability to cover blind spots.

[0121] This invention first classifies complex odor parameters according to their polarity into three types, and then transforms the parameters into single-polarity control variables. ; through preset logic to make a judgment It filters out background noise from the sensor, ensuring smoothness and accuracy when switching deodorizing formulas during execution.

Claims

1. A method for deodorizing leather based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a database of pollution characteristics from leather tanning, and collect real-time concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the environment; the pollutant categories are pollutants containing the first reaction cluster, pollutants containing the second reaction cluster, and pollutants containing the third reaction cluster; the deodorants include deodorant A, deodorant B, and deodorant C; wherein the first reaction cluster is an alkaline nitrogen-containing reaction cluster, the second reaction cluster is an acidic / reducing sulfur-containing reaction cluster, and the third reaction cluster is a neutral hydrophobic / volatile organic reaction cluster; Step 2: Calculate the current odor polarity index and overall odor load based on the database and collected data from Step 1; Odor polarity index The calculation process is as follows: In the formula: The total basicity load of the first reaction cluster, The total acid load of the second reaction cluster, The total hydrophobic organic load of the third reactive cluster; , , This is the corresponding correction factor; Step 3: Determine the category of pollutants based on the current odor polarity index calculated in Step 2, and obtain the deodorant combination ratio based on the pollutant category; The process for determining the combination ratio of deodorants is as follows: like In this case, deodorant A is the primary agent. The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is: In the formula: To maintain the minimum maintenance ratio, To determine the threshold, S represents the maximum allocatable margin, and S is the sensitivity saturation range. The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is: ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like In this case, deodorant B is the dominant agent; The content of deodorant B in the deodorant is: The content of deodorant A in the deodorant is ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; like In this case, deodorant C is the dominant agent; The content of deodorant A and the content of deodorant B in the deodorant are both... ;Right now ; The content of deodorant C in the deodorant is ; The calculation process for the overall odor load is as follows: In the formula: To comprehensively address the odor load, For the first i Concentration of pollutants, For the first i Emission standard limits for each pollutant, For the first i Environmental sensitivity weights of pollutants n The quantity of pollutants; The odor load state is determined based on the magnitude of the overall odor load and a preset threshold. The deodorant spraying parameters are then obtained based on the odor load state. These spraying parameters include the spraying pressure. The process for determining the spraying pressure is as follows: In the formula: For spray pressure, To minimize work pressure, To maximize work pressure, This is a full-load reference value; The deodorant is sprayed according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters.

2. The leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: After spraying according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters in step 3, obtain the concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the collected environment; repeat steps 1 to 3.

3. The leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The The value range is 0.8 to 1.2; The value range is 5.0 to 15.0; The value of the parameter is 0.01 to 0.

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4. A system employing the leather deodorization method based on reactive cluster classification and polarity matching as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition module is used to collect real-time concentration data of characteristic pollutants in the environment. The control module is used to calculate the current odor polarity index and the overall odor load based on the collected characteristic pollutant concentration data; The category of pollutants is determined based on the calculated current odor polarity index, and the deodorant combination ratio is obtained based on the pollutant category; The odor load status is determined based on the magnitude of the comprehensive odor load and the preset threshold, and the deodorant spraying parameters are obtained based on the odor load status. The execution module is used to perform deodorant spraying according to the deodorant combination ratio and spraying parameters.

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