A commutator laser slot milling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a commutator laser milling machine, relating to the technical field of milling equipment. The commutator laser milling machine includes a base, on which a protective cover is mounted. A laser source is mounted on the top of the protective cover. Inside the protective cover are a clamping assembly, a driving component, a cooling assembly, and an infrared positioning device. The clamping assembly includes a housing, a limiting groove, a rotating component, an arc-shaped block, a circular hole, and a clamping head. The housing is rotatably mounted on the base, and the top of the housing has a limiting groove. An arc-shaped block is slidably mounted on the limiting groove, and a clamping head is rotatably mounted on the arc-shaped block. When the commutator is being processed, the housing is rotated so that the laser emitted by the infrared positioning device is collinear with the axis of symmetry of the limiting groove. At this time, the housing is fixed, and the moving arc-shaped block slides along the limiting groove. When the clamping head moves directly above the driving component, the housing is rotated to switch commutators after processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling equipment technology, specifically a commutator laser milling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Current commutator machining mainly falls into two categories: traditional mechanical milling and conventional pure laser milling. Mechanical milling relies on physical cutting with a tool, making it highly dependent on the precision of the tooling positioning. It is poorly suited for non-standard, irregularly shaped, unevenly spaced, and radially angled modular commutators, especially smaller ones, where the machining process easily produces burrs, copper sheet deformation, and dimensional deviations. Conventional pure laser milling, on the other hand, uses a high-energy laser beam to ablate and remove material, offering flexible positioning and high versatility, making it suitable for machining smaller commutators.

[0003] Traditional laser milling machines typically involve directly mounting a commutator onto a rotating fixed component for processing. After processing, the commutator needs to be removed and repositioned, which cannot meet the requirements for high-efficiency mass production. Furthermore, the cooling nozzles of the workpiece cannot be adjusted online. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a commutator laser milling machine to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: the commutator laser milling machine includes a base, a protective cover is installed on the base, a planar moving platform is installed on the top of the protective cover, a lifting rod is installed on the planar moving platform, a laser source is installed on the lifting rod, and a clamping assembly, a driving component, a cooling assembly, and an infrared positioning device are provided inside the protective cover; The clamping assembly includes a cover, a limiting slide, a rotating component, an arc block, a round hole, and a clamping head; A cover is rotatably mounted on the base. Limiting grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the top of the cover. An arc-shaped block is slidably mounted on the limiting groove. A circular hole is formed near the outer arc ring of the arc block, and a clamping head is rotatably mounted within the circular hole. The clamping head is driven by a driving component. When the commutator is being processed, the commutator to be processed is placed on the clamping head. Then, the cover is rotated so that the laser emitted by the infrared positioning device is collinear with the axis of symmetry of the limiting groove. At this point, the cover is fixed, and the rotating component drives the arc block to move along the limiting groove towards or away from the driving component. The moving part slides in the direction of the drive part. When the clamping head moves directly above the drive part, the drive part contacts the clamping head. Then, the laser source laser-burns the commutator to process uniform insulating grooves between the copper commutator segments. The drive part drives the commutator to rotate. Finally, the infrared positioning instrument calculates the rotation angle of the processed insulating groove and processes it. After the commutator corresponding to an arc block is processed, the rotating cover is switched to achieve laser milling. The processing position of the commutator is cooled and blown away by the cooling component, and a part of the generated molten material is blown away at the same time.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the rotating component includes a servo motor, a turntable, a forward arc groove, a reverse arc groove, and a connecting rod; A servo motor is installed inside the housing, and a turntable is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor. Multiple sets of drive grooves are formed along the circumference of the turntable. Each set of drive grooves includes a forward arc groove and a reverse arc groove. A connecting rod is slidably installed in both the forward and reverse arc grooves, and the connecting rod is connected to an arc-shaped block. The servo motor drives the turntable to rotate forward. Under the action of the forward arc groove, the arc-shaped block moves along a limiting slide groove towards the rotation center away from the housing. Under the action of the reverse arc groove, the arc-shaped block moves along a limiting slide groove towards the rotation center closer to the housing, thus causing adjacent arc-shaped blocks to move in opposite directions. This ensures that adjacent workpieces do not interfere with each other during laser milling. After the commutator is processed in this state, the servo motor reverses, unprocessed waiting parts extend outwards, and processed commutators retract inwards, before further processing.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the clamping head includes a rotating ring, a mounting groove, a connecting plate, a return spring, an arc-shaped clamping plate, a centering rod, and an upper ring tooth; A rotating ring is rotatably installed inside the circular hole. Multiple mounting slots are provided inside the rotating ring. A connecting plate is slidably installed inside the mounting slot. One end of the connecting plate is connected to the bottom of the mounting slot through a return spring. The other end of the connecting plate passes through the mounting slot and is fitted with an arc-shaped clamping plate. A centering rod is installed on the arc-shaped clamping plate. An upper ring tooth is installed at the bottom of the rotating ring.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the driving component includes an electric telescopic rod, a fixed head, a drive motor, a lower ring tooth, and a conical extrusion column; The base has a mounting hole on the side near the cover, into which an electric telescopic rod is installed. A fixing head is installed at the actuating end of the electric telescopic rod, and a drive motor is installed on the fixing head. A lower ring gear is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the lower ring gear. A conical extrusion column is installed at the end of the output shaft of the drive motor. When the electric telescopic rod is in the initial state, the conical extrusion column is lower than the bottom of the arc-shaped block. When the arc-shaped block moves directly above the conical extrusion column, the electric telescopic rod drives the drive motor to move upward, causing the conical extrusion column to press against the arc-shaped clamping plate, thereby driving the centering rod to center and fix the commutator. At the same time, the lower ring gear meshes with the upper ring gear. At this time, the drive motor rotates the drive ring, causing the commutator to rotate by an angle.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the cooling assembly includes an arc-shaped slide rail, an arc-shaped mounting block, a U-shaped fixing plate, an angle adjustment component, a rotating support frame, a nozzle, a rotary motor, an air compressor, an air intake head, and an air extractor; An arc-shaped slide rail is installed on one side of the mounting hole, and an arc-shaped mounting block is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped slide rail. A U-shaped fixing plate is installed on the other side of the mounting hole. An angle adjustment component is installed on the top of both the arc-shaped mounting block and the U-shaped fixing plate. A rotating support frame and an air suction head are respectively installed on the top of the two angle adjustment components. A nozzle is rotatably mounted on the rotating support frame, and a rotary motor is installed on one side of the rotating support frame. The output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating support frame. An air compressor and an air extractor are installed on the base. The air compressor and the nozzle, as well as the air extractor and the air suction head, are connected through pipes. When the commutator performs laser milling, the arc-shaped slide rail moves the arc-shaped mounting block to adjust the distance of the nozzle. The angle adjustment component adjusts the nozzle to always be aligned with the processing position. The rotary motor controls the blowing angle of the nozzle. At the same time, the air suction head on the other side absorbs the smoke generated during processing. The angle adjustment component adjusts the angle of the air suction head to facilitate blowing and cooling.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the angle adjustment component includes a slide rod, a ball bearing, a rotating column, a cylindrical hole, a spiral groove, a ramp slide, a pneumatic push rod, and a trapezoidal block; Both the arc-shaped mounting block and the U-shaped fixing plate have sliding rods slidably mounted on their tops, and rotating columns are rotatably mounted on their tops. A cylindrical hole is formed at the bottom of the rotating column, and the sliding rod is slidably mounted within the cylindrical hole. A spiral groove is formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical hole, and a ball bearing is mounted on the sliding rod, embedded in the spiral groove. A ramp is formed at the top of the arc-shaped slide rail, with the highest point of the ramp being near the mounting hole. A trapezoidal block is slidably mounted at the bottom of the U-shaped fixing plate, and a pneumatic push rod is mounted on one side of the trapezoidal block. The actuator end of the pneumatic push rod is securely connected to the trapezoidal block. When the arc-shaped mounting block moves along the arc-shaped slide rail, the sliding rod, under the action of the ramp, drives the ball bearing to rise or fall. At this time, the ball bearing forces the spiral groove to rotate, and the rotating column rotates under the action of the ball bearing and the spiral groove. Similarly, the pneumatic push rod drives the trapezoidal block to extend forward, giving the sliding rod the same driving effect, thereby achieving cooling and absorption of smoke generated by laser ablation.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, one side of the inner arc ring of the arc-shaped clamp is the conical surface that fits the conical extrusion column.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the arc-shaped block is made of ceramic.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a material discharge port is provided on the top of the base near the mounting hole, and a material guide plate is installed at the material discharge port. The side of the material guide plate near the mounting hole is an arc-shaped surface that fits the outer arc ring of the arc block.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This application involves placing the commutator to be processed on a clamping head, then rotating the housing to make the laser emitted by the infrared positioning instrument collinear with the axis of symmetry of the limiting slide. At this time, the housing is fixed, and the rotating component drives the arc block to slide along the limiting slide towards or away from the driving component. When the clamping head moves directly above the driving component, the driving component contacts the clamping head, and then the laser source laser-burns the commutator to process uniform insulating grooves between the copper commutator segments. The driving component drives the commutator to rotate, and finally the infrared positioning instrument calculates the rotation angle of the processed insulating groove and processes it. After the commutator corresponding to an arc block is processed, the rotating housing is switched, thereby realizing laser milling. The processing position of the commutator is cooled and blown away by the cooling component, and a part of the generated molten material is blown away.

[0015] 2. This application uses a servo motor to drive the turntable to rotate in the forward direction. Under the action of the forward arc groove, the arc block moves along the limiting slide groove towards the rotation center away from the cover. Under the action of the reverse arc groove, the arc block moves along the limiting slide groove towards the rotation center closer to the cover, so that the adjacent arc blocks move in opposite directions, so that adjacent workpieces do not interfere during laser milling. After the commutator is processed in this state, the servo motor reverses, the unprocessed waiting parts extend outward, the processed commutator retracts inward, and then processing is carried out again. The electric telescopic rod drives the drive motor to move upward, so that the conical extrusion column extrudes the arc clamping plate, thereby driving the centering rod to center and fix the commutator. At the same time, the lower ring tooth meshes with the upper ring tooth. At this time, the drive motor rotates to drive the rotating ring to rotate the commutator by an angle.

[0016] 3. This application uses an arc-shaped slide rail to move an arc-shaped mounting block to adjust the distance of the nozzle. An angle adjustment component ensures the nozzle is always aligned with the processing position. A rotary motor controls the blowing angle of the nozzle. Simultaneously, an air intake on the other side absorbs the smoke generated during processing. The angle adjustment component adjusts the angle of the air intake. When the arc-shaped mounting block moves along the arc-shaped slide rail, the slide rod, under the action of the inclined slide, drives the ball bearings to rise or fall. At this time, the ball bearings force the spiral groove to rotate, and the rotating column rotates under the action of the ball bearings and the spiral groove. Similarly, the pneumatic push rod drives the trapezoidal block to extend forward, giving the slide rod the same driving effect, thereby achieving cooling and absorption of the smoke generated by laser ablation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Protective cover; 102. Mounting hole; 103. Material discharge port; 104. Guide slide plate; 2. Planar moving platform; 3. Lifting rod; 4. Laser source; 5. Clamping assembly; 501. Cover; 502. Limiting groove; 503. Rotating component; 5031. Servo motor; 5032. Turntable; 5033. Forward arc groove; 5034. Reverse arc groove; 5035. Connecting rod; 504. Arc block; 5041. Round hole; 505. Clamping head; 5051. Rotary ring; 5052. Mounting groove; 5053. Connecting plate; 5054. Return spring; 5055. Arc clamping plate; 5056. Centering rod; 5057. Upper ring tooth; 601. Electric telescopic rod; 602. Fixing head; 603. Drive motor; 604. Lower ring gear; 605. Conical extrusion column; 701. Arc-shaped slide rail; 702. Arc-shaped mounting block; 703. U-shaped fixing plate; 704. Angle adjustment component; 7041. Slide rod; 7042. Ball bearing; 7043. Rotary column; 7044. Cylindrical hole; 7045. Spiral groove; 7046. Inclined slide rail; 705. Rotating support frame; 706. Nozzle; 707. Rotary motor; 708. Air compressor; 709. Suction head; 712. Air extractor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a commutator laser milling machine. The commutator laser milling machine includes a base 1, a protective cover 101 installed on the base 1, a planar moving platform 2 installed on the top of the protective cover 101, a lifting rod 3 installed on the planar moving platform 2, a laser source 4 installed on the lifting rod 3, and a clamping assembly 5, a driving component, a cooling assembly, and an infrared positioning device are provided inside the protective cover 101. The clamping assembly 5 includes a cover 501, a limiting slide 502, a rotating component 503, an arc block 504, a round hole 5041, and a clamping head 505; A cover 501 is rotatably mounted on the base 1. Limiting grooves 502 are evenly distributed around the top of the cover 501 along its circumference. An arc-shaped block 504 is slidably mounted on the limiting groove 502. A circular hole 5041 is formed near the outer arc ring of the arc-shaped block 504. A clamping head 505 is rotatably mounted inside the circular hole 5041. The clamping head 505 is driven by a driving component. When the commutator is being processed, the commutator to be processed is placed on the clamping head 505. Then, the cover 501 is rotated so that the laser emitted by the infrared positioning instrument is collinear with the axis of symmetry of the limiting groove 502. At this time, the cover 501 is fixed, and the arc-shaped block 504 is driven by the rotating component 503. The commutator slides along the limiting groove 502 towards or away from the drive component. When the clamping head 505 moves directly above the drive component, the drive component contacts the clamping head 505. Then, the laser source 4 laser-burns the commutator to process uniform insulating grooves between the copper commutator segments. The drive component drives the commutator to rotate. Finally, the infrared positioning instrument calculates the rotation angle of the processed insulating groove and processes it. After the commutator corresponding to an arc block 504 is processed, the rotating cover 501 is switched to achieve laser milling. The processing position of the commutator is cooled and blown away by the cooling component, and a part of the generated molten metal is blown away.

[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, the rotating component 503 includes a servo motor 5031, a turntable 5032, a forward arc groove 5033, a reverse arc groove 5034, and a connecting rod 5035; A servo motor 5031 is installed inside the housing 501. A turntable 5032 is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 5031. Multiple sets of drive slots are formed along the circumference of the turntable 5032. Each set of drive slots includes a forward arc-shaped slot 5033 and a reverse arc-shaped slot 5034. A connecting rod 5035 is slidably installed in both the forward and reverse arc-shaped slots 5033 and 5034. The connecting rod 5035 is connected to an arc-shaped block 504. The servo motor 5031 drives the turntable 5032 to rotate forward, and the arc-shaped block 504 rotates... Under the action of the forward arc groove 5033, the arc block 504 moves along the limiting slide 502 away from the rotation center of the cover 501. Under the action of the reverse arc groove 5034, the arc block 504 moves along the limiting slide 502 towards the rotation center of the cover 501, so that the adjacent arc blocks 504 move in opposite directions, so that adjacent workpieces do not interfere with each other during laser milling. After the commutator is processed in this state, the servo motor 5031 reverses, the unprocessed waiting parts extend outward, the processed commutator retracts inward, and then processing is performed again.

[0022] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the clamping head 505 includes a rotating ring 5051, a mounting groove 5052, a connecting plate 5053, a return spring 5054, an arc-shaped clamping plate 5055, a centering rod 5056, and an upper ring tooth 5057. A rotating ring 5051 is rotatably installed inside the round hole 5041. Multiple mounting slots 5052 are opened inside the rotating ring 5051. A connecting plate 5053 is slidably installed inside the mounting slot 5052. One end of the connecting plate 5053 is connected to the bottom of the mounting slot 5052 through a return spring 5054. The other end of the connecting plate 5053 passes through the mounting slot 5052 and is fitted with an arc-shaped clamping plate 5055. A centering rod 5056 is installed on the arc-shaped clamping plate 5055. An upper ring tooth 5057 is installed at the bottom of the rotating ring 5051.

[0023] like Figure 8 As shown, the driving component includes an electric telescopic rod 601, a fixed head 602, a drive motor 603, a lower ring tooth 604, and a conical extrusion column 605; A mounting hole 102 is provided on the top of the base 1 near the cover 501. An electric telescopic rod 601 is installed in the mounting hole 102. A fixing head 602 is installed on the actuating end of the electric telescopic rod 601. A drive motor 603 is installed on the fixing head 602. A lower ring gear 604 is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 603, and the output shaft of the drive motor 603 passes through the lower ring gear 604. A conical extrusion column 605 is installed at the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 603. When the electric telescopic rod 601 is in the initial state... The conical extrusion column 605 is lower than the bottom of the arc-shaped block 504. When the arc-shaped block 504 moves directly above the conical extrusion column 605, the electric telescopic rod 601 drives the drive motor 603 to move upward, causing the conical extrusion column 605 to press the arc-shaped clamp 5055, thereby driving the centering rod 5056 to center and fix the commutator. At the same time, the lower ring tooth 604 meshes with the upper ring tooth 5057. At this time, the drive motor 603 rotates to drive the rotating ring 5051 to rotate the commutator by an angle, which facilitates blowing and cooling.

[0024] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the cooling assembly includes an arc-shaped slide rail 701, an arc-shaped mounting block 702, a U-shaped fixing plate 703, an angle adjustment component 704, a rotating support frame 705, a nozzle 706, a rotary motor 707, an air compressor 708, an air intake head 709, and an air extractor 712. An arc-shaped slide rail 701 is installed on one side of the mounting hole 102, and an arc-shaped mounting block 702 is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped slide rail 701. A U-shaped fixing plate 703 is installed on the other side of the mounting hole 102. Angle adjustment components 704 are installed on the top of both the arc-shaped mounting block 702 and the U-shaped fixing plate 703. A rotating support frame 705 and an air intake head 709 are respectively installed on the top of the two angle adjustment components 704. A nozzle 706 is rotatably mounted on the rotating support frame 705, and a rotary motor 707 is installed on one side of the rotating support frame 705. The output shaft of the rotary motor 707 is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating support frame 705. An air compressor 708 and an extractor 712 are installed on the device. The air compressor 708 and the nozzle 706, as well as the extractor 712 and the suction head 709, are all connected by pipes. When the commutator performs laser milling, the arc-shaped slide rail 701 drives the arc-shaped mounting block 702 to move and adjust the distance of the nozzle 706. The angle adjustment component 704 adjusts the nozzle 706 to always be aligned with the processing position. The blowing angle of the nozzle 706 is controlled by the rotary motor 707. At the same time, the suction head 709 on the other side absorbs the smoke generated during processing. The angle adjustment component 704 adjusts the angle of the suction head 709.

[0025] like Figure 7 As shown, the angle adjustment component 704 includes a slide rod 7041, a ball bearing 7042, a rotating column 7043, a cylindrical hole 7044, a spiral groove 7045, a ramp slide 7046, a pneumatic push rod, and a trapezoidal block. Both the top of the arc-shaped mounting block 702 and the U-shaped fixing plate 703 are slidably mounted with slide rods 7041, and both the top of the arc-shaped mounting block 702 and the U-shaped fixing plate 703 are rotatably mounted with rotating columns 7043. The bottom of the rotating column 7043 has a cylindrical hole 7044, and the slide rod 7041 is slidably mounted in the cylindrical hole 7044. The inner wall of the cylindrical hole 7044 has a spiral groove 7045, and a ball bearing 7042 is mounted on the slide rod 7041. The ball bearing 7042 is embedded in the spiral groove 7045. The top of the arc-shaped slide rail 701 has a ramp slide 7046, and the side closest to the mounting hole 102 is the highest point of the ramp slide 7046. A trapezoidal block is slidably mounted on the bottom of the U-shaped fixed plate 703. A pneumatic push rod is mounted on one side of the trapezoidal block, and the actuator end of the pneumatic push rod is firmly connected to the trapezoidal block. When the arc-shaped mounting block 702 moves along the arc-shaped slide rail 701, the slide rod 7041 drives the ball 7042 to rise or fall under the action of the inclined slide rail 7046. At this time, the ball 7042 forces the spiral groove 7045 to rotate, and the rotating column 7043 rotates under the action of the ball 7042 and the spiral groove 7045. Similarly, the pneumatic push rod drives the trapezoidal block to extend forward, so that the slide rod 7041 has the same driving effect, thereby achieving cooling and absorption of the smoke generated by laser ablation.

[0026] One side of the inner arc of the arc-shaped clamp 5055 is the conical surface that fits the conical extrusion column 605.

[0027] The curved block 504 is made of ceramic.

[0028] A material discharge port 103 is provided on the top of the base 1 near the mounting hole 102. A guide slide plate 104 is installed at the material discharge port 103. The side of the guide slide plate 104 near the mounting hole 102 is an arc surface that fits the outer arc ring of the arc block 504.

[0029] Working principle of the invention: When the commutator is being processed, the commutator to be processed is placed on the clamping head 505. Then, the cover 501 is rotated so that the laser emitted by the infrared positioning instrument is collinear with the axis of symmetry of the limiting slide 502. At this time, the cover 501 is fixed. The rotating component 503 drives the arc block 504 to slide along the limiting slide 502 towards or away from the driving component. When the clamping head 505 moves directly above the driving component, the driving component contacts the clamping head 505. Then, the laser source 4 laser-burns the commutator to process uniform insulating grooves between the copper commutator segments. The driving component drives the commutator to rotate. Finally, the infrared positioning instrument calculates the rotation angle of the processed insulating groove and processes it. After the commutator corresponding to one arc block 504 is processed, the cover 501 is rotated to switch, thereby realizing laser milling. The processing position of the commutator is cooled and blown away by the cooling component, and a part of the generated molten material is blown away.

[0030] The servo motor 5031 drives the turntable 5032 to rotate in the forward direction. Under the action of the forward arc groove 5033, the arc block 504 moves along the limiting slide groove 502 towards the rotation center away from the cover 501. Under the action of the reverse arc groove 5034, the arc block 504 moves along the limiting slide groove 502 towards the rotation center closer to the cover 501, so that the adjacent arc blocks 504 move in opposite directions, so that adjacent workpieces do not interfere with each other during laser milling. After the commutator is processed in this state, the servo motor 5031 reverses, the unprocessed waiting workpiece extends outward, the processed commutator retracts inward, and then processing is performed again.

[0031] When the arc-shaped block 504 moves directly above the conical extrusion column 605, the electric telescopic rod 601 drives the drive motor 603 to move upward, causing the conical extrusion column 605 to press the arc-shaped clamp 5055, thereby driving the centering rod 5056 to center and fix the commutator. At the same time, the lower ring tooth 604 meshes with the upper ring tooth 5057. At this time, the drive motor 603 rotates to drive the rotating ring 5051 to rotate the commutator by an angle.

[0032] When the commutator performs laser milling, the arc-shaped slide rail 701 moves the arc-shaped mounting block 702 to adjust the distance of the nozzle 706. The angle adjustment component 704 adjusts the nozzle 706 to always be aligned with the processing position. The rotary motor 707 controls the blowing angle of the nozzle 706. At the same time, the suction head 709 on the other side absorbs the smoke generated during processing. The angle adjustment component 704 adjusts the angle of the suction head 709.

[0033] When the arc-shaped mounting block 702 moves along the arc-shaped slide rail 701, the slide rod 7041 drives the ball bearing 7042 to rise or fall under the action of the inclined slide rail 7046. At this time, the ball bearing 7042 forces the spiral groove 7045 to rotate, and the rotating column 7043 rotates under the action of the ball bearing 7042 and the spiral groove 7045. Similarly, the pneumatic push rod drives the trapezoidal block to extend forward, so that the slide rod 7041 has the same driving effect, thereby achieving cooling and absorption of the smoke generated by laser ablation.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A commutator laser milling machine, characterized in that: The commutator laser milling machine includes a base (1), a protective cover (101) is installed on the base (1), a planar moving platform (2) is installed on the top of the protective cover (101), a lifting rod (3) is installed on the planar moving platform (2), a laser source (4) is installed on the lifting rod (3), and a clamping assembly (5), a driving component, a cooling assembly and an infrared positioning device are provided inside the protective cover (101). The clamping assembly (5) includes a cover (501), a limiting slide groove (502), a rotating component (503), an arc block (504), a round hole (5041), and a clamping head (505). A cover (501) is rotatably mounted on the base (1). A limiting groove (502) is evenly opened along the circumference at the top of the cover (501). An arc-shaped block (504) is slidably mounted on the limiting groove (502). A circular hole (5041) is opened near the outer arc ring of the arc-shaped block (504). A clamping head (505) is rotatably mounted in the circular hole (5041). The clamping head (505) is driven by a driving component. The rotating component (503) includes a servo motor (5031), a turntable (5032), a forward arc groove (5033), a reverse arc groove (5034), and a connecting rod (5035). A servo motor (5031) is installed inside the housing (501). A turntable (5032) is installed on the output shaft of the servo motor (5031). Multiple sets of drive slots are opened on the turntable (5032) along the circumferential direction. Each set of drive slots includes a forward arc-shaped slot (5033) and a reverse arc-shaped slot (5034). A connecting rod (5035) is slidably installed in both the forward arc-shaped slot (5033) and the reverse arc-shaped slot (5034). The connecting rod (5035) is connected to the arc-shaped block (504). The clamping head (505) includes a rotating ring (5051), a mounting groove (5052), a connecting plate (5053), a return spring (5054), an arc-shaped clamping plate (5055), a centering rod (5056), and an upper ring tooth (5057). A rotating ring (5051) is rotatably installed inside the circular hole (5041). Multiple mounting slots (5052) are provided inside the rotating ring (5051). A connecting plate (5053) is slidably installed inside the mounting slot (5052). One end of the connecting plate (5053) is connected to the bottom of the mounting slot (5052) through a return spring (5054). The other end of the connecting plate (5053) passes through the mounting slot (5052) and is fitted with an arc-shaped clamping plate (5055). A centering rod (5056) is installed on the arc-shaped clamping plate (5055). An upper ring tooth (5057) is installed at the bottom of the rotating ring (5051). The driving component includes an electric telescopic rod (601), a fixed head (602), a drive motor (603), a lower ring tooth (604), and a conical extrusion column (605). The base (1) has a mounting hole (102) on the side near the cover (501) at the top. An electric telescopic rod (601) is installed in the mounting hole (102). A fixing head (602) is installed on the actuating end of the electric telescopic rod (601). A drive motor (603) is installed on the fixing head (602). A lower ring gear (604) is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (603), and the output shaft of the drive motor (603) passes through the lower ring gear (604). A conical extrusion column (605) is installed at the end of the output shaft of the drive motor (603). When the electric telescopic rod (601) is in the initial state, the conical extrusion column (605) is lower than the bottom of the arc block (504). The cooling assembly includes an arc-shaped slide rail (701), an arc-shaped mounting block (702), a U-shaped fixing plate (703), an angle adjustment component (704), a rotating support frame (705), a nozzle (706), a rotary motor (707), an air compressor (708), an air intake head (709), and an air extractor (712). An arc-shaped slide rail (701) is installed on one side of the mounting hole (102), and an arc-shaped mounting block (702) is slidably installed on the arc-shaped slide rail (701). A U-shaped fixing plate (703) is installed on the other side of the mounting hole (102). An angle adjustment component (704) is installed on the top of both the arc-shaped mounting block (702) and the U-shaped fixing plate (703). A rotating support frame (705) and an air intake head (709) are respectively installed on the top of the two angle adjustment components (704). A nozzle (706) is rotatably mounted on the rotating support frame (705), and a rotary motor (707) is mounted on one side of the rotating support frame (705). The output shaft of the rotary motor (707) is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating support frame (705). An air compressor (708) and an air extractor (712) are mounted on the base (1). The air compressor (708) and the nozzle (706) and the air extractor (712) and the suction head (709) are all connected by pipes.

2. The commutator laser milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment component (704) includes a slide rod (7041), a ball bearing (7042), a rotating column (7043), a cylindrical hole (7044), a spiral groove (7045), a ramp slide (7046), a pneumatic push rod, and a trapezoidal block; The top of the arc-shaped mounting block (702) and the U-shaped fixing plate (703) are both slidably mounted with sliding rods (7041), and the top of the arc-shaped mounting block (702) and the U-shaped fixing plate (703) are both rotatably mounted with rotating columns (7043). The bottom of the rotating column (7043) is provided with a cylindrical hole (7044), and the sliding rod (7041) is slidably mounted in the cylindrical hole (7044). The inner wall of the cylindrical hole (7044) is provided with a spiral groove (7045). A ball bearing (7042) is installed on the slide rod (7041), the ball bearing (7042) is embedded in the spiral groove (7045), the top of the arc-shaped slide rail (701) is provided with a ramp slide (7046), and the side near the mounting hole (102) is the highest point of the ramp slide (7046). A trapezoidal block is slidably installed on the bottom of the U-shaped fixing plate (703), and a pneumatic push rod is installed on one side of the trapezoidal block, and the actuating end of the pneumatic push rod is tightly connected to the trapezoidal block.

3. The commutator laser milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the inner arc of the arc-shaped clamp (5055) is the conical surface that fits the conical extrusion column (605).

4. A commutator laser milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped block (504) is made of ceramic.

5. A commutator laser milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a material discharge port (103) on the side near the mounting hole (102) at the top. A guide plate (104) is installed at the material discharge port (103). The side of the guide plate (104) near the mounting hole (102) is an arc surface that fits the outer arc of the arc block (504).

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