Glass fiber yarn and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present application discloses a glass fiber and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method of the glass fiber comprises a coating step, a mixing step and a drawing step. In the coating step, silicon nitride powder is coated on the surface of a plurality of inorganic particles to form a plurality of modified inorganic particles. Based on the total weight of each of the modified inorganic particles being 100 wt%, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%. In the mixing step, a plurality of the modified inorganic particles are mixed in a glass raw material in a molten state. In the drawing step, the glass raw material mixed with a plurality of the modified inorganic particles is drawn to form a glass fiber. The glass fiber and the manufacturing method thereof disclosed by the present application can effectively improve the problem of excessively high dielectric loss of the glass fiber manufactured by the existing manufacturing method of the glass fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a glass fiber filament and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a glass fiber filament containing silicon nitride and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Glass fiber filaments produced using existing manufacturing methods suffer from excessively high dielectric loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a glass fiber filament and its manufacturing method to address the shortcomings of the prior art, so as to effectively improve the problem of excessive dielectric loss in glass fiber filaments produced by the existing glass fiber filament manufacturing methods.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments, comprising: a coating step, wherein silicon nitride powder is coated onto the surface of a plurality of inorganic particles to form a plurality of modified inorganic particles; wherein, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for each of the modified inorganic particles, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%; a mixing step, wherein the plurality of modified inorganic particles are mixed in a molten glass raw material; and a drawing step, wherein the glass raw material mixed with the plurality of modified inorganic particles is drawn to form glass fiber filaments; wherein, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass fiber filaments, the content of the modified inorganic particles is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the glass raw material is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%.

[0005] Optionally, the average particle size of the modified inorganic particles is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers.

[0006] Optionally, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass raw material, the glass raw material comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron oxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide.

[0007] Optionally, the inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and silica.

[0008] Optionally, in the coating step, the first nitrogen compound is dissolved in a first solvent and a first silicon source is added to the first solvent. Then, the first nitrogen compound, the first solvent, and the first silicon source are heated at a first heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C to cause the first nitrogen compound to react with the first silicon source to form the silicide nitride powder. Then, the inorganic particles are added to the silicide nitride powder so that the silicide nitride powder coats the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles.

[0009] Optionally, the first nitrogen compound is urea, the first solvent is water, ethanol or isopropanol, and the first silicon source is silicon powder.

[0010] Optionally, in the coating step, the second nitrogen compound is dissolved in the second solvent, and the second silicon source is added to the second solvent and stirred to form a gel. The gel is then sprayed onto the surface of the inorganic particles, and the inorganic particles with the gel formed on their surface are heated at a second heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C, so that the second nitrogen compound reacts with the second silicon source to form the nitride silicide powder, which is then coated onto the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles.

[0011] Optionally, the second nitrogen compound is urea, the second solvent is water, ethanol or isopropanol, and the second silicon source is selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane.

[0012] Optionally, the glass fiber has a dielectric constant (Dk) between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate (Df) between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a glass fiber filament comprising: a glass raw material; and a plurality of modified inorganic particles dispersed in the glass raw material; wherein each of the modified inorganic particles comprises inorganic particles and silicon nitride powder coated thereon; wherein, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for each of the modified inorganic particles, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 and 99.99 wt%. The inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and silica fume; wherein, based on the total weight of the glass fiber filaments being 100 wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles is 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, and the content of the glass raw material is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%.

[0014] Optionally, the average particle size of the modified inorganic particles is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers.

[0015] Optionally, the total weight of the glass raw material is 100 wt%, and the glass raw material comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron trioxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide.

[0016] Optionally, the glass fiber has a dielectric constant (Dk) between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate (Df) between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

[0017] One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the glass fiber filament and its manufacturing method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the problem of excessive dielectric loss of glass fiber filaments produced by existing glass fiber filament manufacturing methods through the technical solutions of "the coating step, the mixing step, and the drawing step", "based on the total weight of each of the modified inorganic particles being 100 wt%, the content of the silicon nitride powder being between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles being between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%", and "the plurality of the modified inorganic particles being dispersed in the glass raw material".

[0018] To further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. However, the drawings provided are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of glass fiber filaments according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the modified inorganic particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the "glass fiber filament and its manufacturing method" disclosed in this invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of this invention from the content disclosed in this specification. This invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of this invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings of this invention are for simple illustrative purposes only and are not depictions of actual dimensions; this is stated beforehand. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of this invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] It should be understood that while terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used in this document to describe various components or signals, these components or signals should not be limited by these terms. These terms are primarily used to distinguish one component from another, or one signal from another. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this document should, depending on the context, include any combination of one or more related listed items.

[0024] [Manufacturing method of glass fiber]

[0025] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of glass fiber filaments according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the modified inorganic particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments includes a coating step S110, a mixing step S120, and a drawing step S130. Of course, the method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments may include other steps as needed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] In the coating step S110, silicon nitride powder (such as Si3N4 powder) is coated onto the surface of a plurality of inorganic particles to form a plurality of modified inorganic particles 1. The modified inorganic particles 1 have a core-shell structure comprising a core layer 11 formed by the inorganic particles and a shell layer 12 formed by the silicon nitride powder. Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for each of the modified inorganic particles 1, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%. The average particle size of the modified inorganic particles 1 is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0027] It is worth mentioning that the inorganic particles must have high-temperature resistance. Optionally, the inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and smoked silica.

[0028] In the coating step S110 of one embodiment, a first nitrogen compound is dissolved in a first solvent and a first silicon source is added to the first solvent. Then, the first nitrogen compound, the first solvent, and the first silicon source are heated at a first heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C to cause the first nitrogen compound to react with the first silicon source to form the silicide nitride powder. Then, the inorganic particles are added to the silicide nitride powder so that the silicide nitride powder coats the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles 1.

[0029] In other words, the silicon nitride powder in this embodiment can be formed by dry coating the surface of the inorganic particles to create the modified inorganic particles 1. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first nitrogen compound is urea, the first solvent is water, ethanol, or isopropanol, and the first silicon source is silicon powder, but the invention is not limited to these.

[0030] In another embodiment, in the coating step S110, the second nitrogen compound is dissolved in a second solvent, and the second silicon source is added to the second solvent and stirred to form a gel. The gel is then sprayed onto the surface of the inorganic particles. The inorganic particles with the gel formed on their surface are then heated at a second heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C, so that the second nitrogen compound reacts with the second silicon source to form the silicide nitride powder, which is then coated onto the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles 1. It is worth noting that in the coating step S110 of this embodiment, the second nitrogen compound and the second silicon source react on the inorganic particles to form the silicide nitride powder.

[0031] In other words, the silicon nitride powder in this embodiment can be formed by wet coating the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles 1. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second nitrogen compound is urea, the second solvent is water, ethanol, or isopropanol, and the second silicon source is selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] In the mixing step S120, a plurality of the modified inorganic particles 1 are mixed in the glass raw material 2. Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass raw material 2, the glass raw material comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron trioxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0033] In the drawing step S130, the glass raw material 2, which is mixed with a plurality of the modified inorganic particles 1, is drawn to form glass fiber filaments 100. Based on the total weight of the glass fiber filaments 100wt% being 100wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles 1 is 0.01wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the glass raw material 2 is between 95wt% and 99.99wt%.

[0034] Silicon nitride (SiN) exhibits low dielectric loss characteristics, especially in high-frequency applications. SiN also demonstrates good stability under high-frequency electric fields and exhibits weak polarization, thereby reducing power loss in the glass fiber filament. Consequently, the glass fiber filament 100 possesses a dielectric constant (Dk) between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate (Df) between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

[0035] [Glass fiber filaments]

[0036] This invention also provides a glass fiber filament 100. The glass fiber filament 100 may be obtained by performing the aforementioned glass fiber filament manufacturing method, but this invention is not limited thereto.

[0037] The glass fiber 100 comprises a glass raw material 2 and a plurality of modified inorganic particles 1 dispersed in the glass raw material 2. Each of the modified inorganic particles 1 comprises inorganic particles and silicon nitride powder coated on the inorganic particles. Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for each of the modified inorganic particles, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 and 99.99 wt%.

[0038] The inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and silica fume. The average particle size of the modified inorganic particles 1 is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] Based on the total weight of the glass fiber 100 being 100wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles 1 being 0.01wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the glass raw material 2 being between 95wt% and 99.99wt%, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass raw material 2, the glass raw material 2 comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron trioxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0041] The glass fiber filament 100 has a dielectric constant (Dk) between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate (Df) between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

[0042] [Experimental Data Testing]

[0043] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Exemplary Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1. However, the following examples are only provided to help understand the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0044] In Comparative Example 1, no modified inorganic particles were added. In the glass fiber filaments of Exemplary Examples 1 to 4, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass fiber filaments, the contents of the modified inorganic particles were 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, and 1 wt%, respectively, and the contents of the glass raw materials were 99.99 wt%, 99.95 wt%, 99.9 wt%, and 99 wt%, respectively.

[0045] Example 5 describes the coating of silicon nitride powder onto inorganic particles using a dry method, while Examples 6 to 8 describe the coating of silicon nitride powder onto inorganic particles using a wet method. Examples 6 to 8 use tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as silicon sources, respectively. In the glass fiber manufacturing methods of Examples 5 to 8, the total weight of the glass fiber is 100 wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles is 0.1 wt%, and the content of the glass raw material is 99.9 wt%.

[0046] Dielectric constant (Dk) and dielectric loss rate (Df) were measured using a dielectric analyzer (manufactured by Keysight Technologies) at a frequency of approximately 10 GHz.

[0047] [Table 1 contains glass fiber filaments with different contents of modified inorganic particles and their coefficients of thermal expansion]

[0048]

[0049] [Table 2 Glass fiber filaments prepared by different coating methods and their dielectric constant and dielectric loss rate]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] [Discussion of Test Results]

[0053] As can be seen from Comparative Example 1 and Exemplary Examples 1 to 4, the glass fiber filament in Comparative Example 1 did not contain any modified inorganic particles, resulting in a higher dielectric constant (Dk) and dielectric loss rate (Df) for the glass fiber filament. As can be seen from Comparative Example 1 and Exemplary Examples 5 to 8, silicon nitride powder can be coated onto inorganic particles using either a dry or wet method, and tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, and methyltriethoxysilane can be used as silicon sources in the wet method.

[0054] [Beneficial Effects of the Examples]

[0055] One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the glass fiber filament and its manufacturing method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the problem of excessive dielectric loss of glass fiber filaments produced by existing glass fiber filament manufacturing methods through the technical solutions of "the coating step, the mixing step, and the drawing step", "based on the total weight of each of the modified inorganic particles being 100 wt%, the content of the silicon nitride powder being between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles being between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%", and "the plurality of the modified inorganic particles being dispersed in the glass raw material".

[0056] The above-disclosed content is only a preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the present invention specification and drawings are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the glass fiber filaments includes: In the coating step, silicon nitride powder is coated onto the surface of a plurality of inorganic particles to form a plurality of modified inorganic particles; wherein, based on the total weight of each of the modified inorganic particles being 100 wt%, the content of the silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of the inorganic particles is between 95 wt% and 99.99 wt%. The mixing step involves mixing multiple of the modified inorganic particles in a molten glass raw material; and The drawing step involves drawing the glass raw material, which is mixed with multiple modified inorganic particles, to form glass fiber filaments. Wherein, the total weight of the glass fiber filaments is 100wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles is 0.01wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the glass raw material is between 95wt% and 99.99wt%.

2. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average particle size of the modified inorganic particles is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers.

3. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass raw material, the glass raw material comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron trioxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide.

4. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the following groups of materials: silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and smoked silica.

5. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the coating step, a first nitrogen compound is dissolved in a first solvent and a first silicon source is added to the first solvent. Then, the first nitrogen compound, the first solvent, and the first silicon source are heated at a first heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C to cause the first nitrogen compound to react with the first silicon source to form the silicide nitride powder. Then, the inorganic particles are added to the silicide nitride powder so that the silicide nitride powder coats the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles.

6. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first nitrogen compound is urea, the first solvent is water, ethanol or isopropanol, and the first silicon source is silicon powder.

7. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the coating step, the second nitrogen compound is dissolved in the second solvent, and the second silicon source is added to the second solvent and stirred to form a gel. The gel is then sprayed onto the surface of the inorganic particles. The inorganic particles with the gel formed on their surface are then heated at a second heating temperature between 1,200°C and 1,400°C, so that the second nitrogen compound reacts with the second silicon source to form the nitride silicide powder, which is then coated onto the surface of the inorganic particles to form the modified inorganic particles.

8. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second nitrogen compound is urea, the second solvent is water, ethanol or isopropanol, and the second silicon source is selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane.

9. The method for manufacturing glass fiber filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass fiber filament has a dielectric constant Dk between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate Df between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

10. A glass fiber filament, characterized in that, The glass fiber filaments include: Glass raw materials; and Multiple modified inorganic particles are dispersed in the glass raw material; wherein each modified inorganic particle comprises inorganic particles and silicon nitride powder coated on the inorganic particles; wherein, based on a total weight of 100 wt% for each modified inorganic particle, the content of silicon nitride powder is between 0.01 wt% and 5 wt%, and the content of inorganic particles is between 95 and 99.99 wt%. The inorganic particles are selected from at least one of the materials group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, talc, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, calcined kaolin, and smoked silica. Wherein, the total weight of the glass fiber filaments is 100wt%, the content of the modified inorganic particles is 0.01wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the glass raw material is between 95wt% and 99.99wt%.

11. The glass fiber filament according to claim 10, characterized in that, The average particle size of the modified inorganic particles is between 0.01 micrometers and 50 micrometers.

12. The glass fiber filament according to claim 10, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% for the glass raw material, the glass raw material comprises 52 wt% to 58 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 wt% to 18 wt% aluminum oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% magnesium oxide, 20 wt% to 30 wt% boron trioxide, 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt% ferric oxide, 0.1 wt% to 4 wt% strontium oxide, and 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% titanium dioxide.

13. The glass fiber filament according to claim 10, characterized in that, The glass fiber filament has a dielectric constant Dk between 4.24 and 4.36 measured at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss rate Df between 0.0017 and 0.0019 measured at 10 GHz.

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