Multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-scenario adaptive composite guardrail structure, specifically relating to the field of traffic infrastructure protection, including a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and a vertical adjustment unit. The horizontal rotation adjustment unit includes a main positioning component, angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, and a central connecting component. Angle adjustment component A has a hollow circular ring portion and a planar portion, and angle adjustment component B also has a hollow circular ring portion and a planar portion. The hollow circular ring portion of angle adjustment component A is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component, and the hollow circular ring portion of angle adjustment component B is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component. This invention achieves bidirectional independent adjustment of the horizontal and vertical angles by setting up the horizontal rotation adjustment unit and the vertical adjustment unit. The horizontal angle adjustment is achieved by rotating angle adjustment components A and B around the main positioning component, and the vertical angle adjustment is achieved by adjusting the position of the guardrail component within the arc-shaped through-hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traffic infrastructure protection technology, and more specifically, to a multi-scenario adaptive composite guardrail structure. Background Technology

[0002] In transportation infrastructure construction, guardrails are a key facility for ensuring road traffic safety, and their installation adaptability and structural stability directly affect the protective effect. With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure construction in my country, different scenarios such as highways, municipal roads, and riverbanks have put forward differentiated requirements for the structural forms of guardrails. In particular, complex road sections such as mountain roads and urban interchange ramps often have a combination of small-radius curves (such as turning radius ≤ 4.5m) and steep slopes (such as longitudinal slope ≥ 9%), which places extremely high demands on the installation adaptability of guardrails.

[0003] The existing guardrail structure has the following technical pain points:

[0004] Insufficient adjustment flexibility: Most guardrails use fixed connection methods, such as welding or bolting, which only support angle adjustment in one direction and cannot adapt to the combination of sharp bends and steep slopes. In actual engineering applications, when bends and slopes overlap, fixed guardrails often experience linear breaks, forming angles or steps between adjacent guardrail sections, leading to guidance failure in the event of a vehicle collision and seriously threatening driving safety.

[0005] Poor structural coordination: Although some adjustable guardrails are equipped with horizontal angle adjustment mechanisms or vertical slope adjustment mechanisms, the two interfere with each other. Horizontal adjustment affects the vertical angle, and vertical adjustment changes the horizontal direction. The adjustment process requires repeated disassembly and calibration. The adjustment time for a single node of the existing adjustable guardrail generally exceeds 30 minutes, resulting in low installation efficiency.

[0006] Weak protective stability: Existing guardrails lack effective distance compensation structures when adjusting slope. Adjacent guardrail beams are prone to gaps or compression deformation at slope changes, leading to stress concentration and a 20%-40% reduction in shear strength over long-term use. This structural defect not only affects the aesthetics of the guardrails but, more importantly, reduces their ability to withstand vehicle impacts.

[0007] Narrow scenario adaptability: Existing guardrail structures cannot simultaneously meet the design standards of multiple scenarios such as highways, municipal works, and waterways. Different design codes have different requirements for the protection level, geometric dimensions, and installation of guardrails. Existing guardrails need to be designed separately for different scenarios, which increases research and development and manufacturing costs.

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a new type of guardrail structure that can achieve bidirectional independent adjustment, adapt to multiple scenarios, and has a stable structure, in order to solve the technical problems of existing guardrails, such as non-independent adjustment, poor scenario adaptability, low installation efficiency, and insufficient protective stability. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problems of non-independent adjustment, poor scene adaptability, low installation efficiency and insufficient protection stability of the existing guardrail structure.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure, comprising a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and a vertical adjustment unit;

[0011] The horizontal rotation adjustment unit includes a main positioning component, angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, and a central connecting component. Angle adjustment component A has a hollow annular portion and a planar portion, and angle adjustment component B also has a hollow annular portion and a planar portion. The hollow annular portion of angle adjustment component A is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component, and the hollow annular portion of angle adjustment component B is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component. Angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, and the main positioning component are fixedly connected by the central connecting component. An angle is formed between the planar portions of angle adjustment component A and angle adjustment component B, which can be adjusted by relative rotation. The central annular portion of angle adjustment component A has centrally symmetrically distributed angle adjustment grooves A, and the central annular portion of angle adjustment component B has centrally symmetrically distributed angle adjustment grooves B. The angles of angle adjustment grooves A and B do not exceed 90° to ensure sufficient structural strength.

[0012] The longitudinal adjustment unit includes angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, and guardrail component; the plane portion of angle adjustment component A is provided with an arc-shaped through hole with a certain curvature, and the plane portion of angle adjustment component B is provided with an arc-shaped through hole with a certain curvature; the guardrail component is fixedly connected to the plane portions of angle adjustment component A and angle adjustment component B respectively through guardrail connectors, and the connection position of the guardrail component with angle adjustment component A and angle adjustment component B can be adjusted within the arc-shaped through hole.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the main positioning component consists of a hollow cylindrical tube and a base, wherein the base and the hollow cylindrical tube are manufactured or welded into a single structure; the hollow cylindrical tube is provided with an angle groove penetrating the tube wall, the angle groove being used for the central connecting component to pass through, so as to fix the angle adjusting component A and the angle adjusting component B.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the main positioning component consists of a hollow cylindrical tube and a base, which are integrally formed or welded together. The hollow cylindrical tube is provided with angular grooves that are through holes, and these grooves are arranged at different positions in the vertical direction of the hollow cylindrical tube to accommodate installation requirements at different heights.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the angle adjusting component A is composed of a ring structure and a horizontal plate, forming an integral structure; the angle adjusting component B is composed of an incomplete circular arc and a horizontal plate structure. Angle adjusting components A and B are respectively provided with angle adjusting grooves A and B symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the circular arc. These angle adjusting grooves are used to cooperate with the central connecting component to achieve locking after angle adjustment.

[0016] After the guardrail structure is installed, the main positioning component is located in the center. Angle adjustment components A and B are coaxially installed with the main positioning component, and the three are fixed together by a central connector. The central connector can use bolts, rivets, or other connection methods to achieve a fixed installation. The horizontal plate structure of angle adjustment components A and B is a hollow parallel structure. The guardrail components are fixedly connected by guardrail connectors, which can also use bolts, rivets, or other connection methods to fix the two components.

[0017] The angle adjusting component A and the angle adjusting component B have arc-shaped through holes on their planar portions, forming a group in each horizontal direction, with each group of through holes having the same center. This design ensures that the movement trajectory of the guardrail connection points is aligned with the same center during adjustment, avoiding interference and jamming, and guaranteeing the smoothness and accuracy of the adjustment.

[0018] The adjustable angle range of the planar portions of angle adjusting component A and angle adjusting component B is -145° to 145°, covering the design requirements of most road curves, including extreme conditions such as small-radius hairpin bends and interchange ramps. When a larger adjustment angle is required, the central connecting component 4 can be riveted for more permanent fixation, suitable for sections that do not require frequent adjustments; bolted connections facilitate on-site installation and subsequent maintenance and adjustment. For different angle range requirements, a wider range of adjustments can be made by adjusting the position and shape of the angle groove on the main positioning component, adjusting the angle adjusting groove A on angle adjusting component A, adjusting the angle adjusting groove B on angle adjusting component B, and adjusting the arc segment size of angle adjusting component B. The opening position and length of the angle groove on the main positioning component can be adaptively adjusted according to the required horizontal angle. By optimizing the design of the angle groove, the strength of the connection position can be ensured to meet protection requirements while maintaining the adjustment range.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the guardrail component comprises guardrail crossbeams, guardrail longitudinal beams, and guardrail assembly connectors. The number of guardrail crossbeams is no less than three. The multi-crossbeam structure provides better protection, preventing vehicles from crossing or overturning the guardrail, while also increasing the overall structural rigidity. The guardrail crossbeams and longitudinal beams are hinged together via guardrail assembly connectors, forming a multi-compartment parallelogram structure. When longitudinal angle adjustment is required, the position of the end connection of the guardrail crossbeam in the open connection slot is adjusted, and then the connection is tightened via the guardrail connectors, thereby achieving longitudinal angle adjustment. This parallelogram structure ensures that the guardrail component maintains the parallel relationship between the crossbeams when the longitudinal angle changes, guaranteeing the overall aesthetics and protective performance of the guardrail. The angle range between the guardrail crossbeams and the horizontal plane is -10° to 10°. This range covers the design requirements of most road longitudinal slopes, including steep slope sections and superelevation transition sections.

[0020] The main positioning component, angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, and center connecting component together constitute the horizontal rotation adjustment unit; angle adjustment component A, angle adjustment component B, guardrail component, and guardrail connecting component together constitute the longitudinal adjustment unit. Adjustments to the horizontal and longitudinal angles do not affect each other, achieving bidirectional independent adjustment.

[0021] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention achieves bidirectional independent adjustment of horizontal and vertical angles by setting up a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and a vertical adjustment unit; the horizontal angle adjustment is achieved by rotating angle adjustment component A and angle adjustment component B around the main positioning component, and the vertical angle adjustment is achieved by adjusting the position of the guardrail component within the arc-shaped through hole; the two do not interfere with each other, the adjustment time of a single node is shortened, and the installation efficiency is improved;

[0023] 2. This invention has a wide horizontal angle adjustment range, which can cover extreme working conditions such as small radius hairpin bends and interchange ramps; the longitudinal angle adjustment range can adapt to steep slope sections and superelevation transition sections; it can be adapted to various scenarios such as highway curves, municipal medians, and riverbank slopes; and the components are connected by bolts or rivets, which only requires simple assembly during on-site installation; during later maintenance, worn parts can be replaced individually as needed without the need for complete disassembly, which reduces maintenance difficulty and cost;

[0024] 3. The guardrail of this invention has no fewer than three horizontal beams, which, together with the parallelogram hinge structure, can automatically compensate for changes in the distance between adjacent vertical beams when the longitudinal angle changes, shortening the gap at the joint. The shear strength is improved compared to existing adjustable guardrails, fully meeting the protection requirements of heavy vehicles. The number of core components is reduced and standard prefabricated components are used. The same structure can meet the installation requirements of different scenarios, eliminating the need for separate design and manufacturing for different working conditions, thus reducing manufacturing costs. The structural stress distribution is uniform, with no obvious stress concentration points, extending the service life. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal installation structure of the guardrail according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal angle adjustment part of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main positioning component structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the horizontal angle adjustment part of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the horizontal angle adjustment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing another horizontal angle adjustment according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment component A of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment component B of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the longitudinal angle is adjusted according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined installation structure of the guardrail according to the present invention.

[0035] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1 Main positioning component, 2 Angle adjustment component A, 3 Angle adjustment component B, 4 Center connector, 5 Guardrail connector, 6 Guardrail component, 7 Guardrail assembly connector;

[0036] 101 Hollow round tube, 102 Base, 103 Angle groove;

[0037] 201 Opening connection groove, 202 Angle adjustment groove A;

[0038] 301 Circular arc segment, 302 Angle adjustment groove B;

[0039] 601 guardrail horizontal beam, 602 guardrail longitudinal beam. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure, including a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and a vertical adjustment unit; wherein, the horizontal rotation adjustment unit includes a main positioning component 1, an angle adjustment component A 2, an angle adjustment component B 3, and a central connecting component 4. The main positioning component 1 is composed of a hollow circular tube 101 and a base 102, and the base 102 and the hollow circular tube 101 are integrally manufactured. An angle groove 103 penetrating the tube wall is provided on the hollow circular tube 101, and the angle groove 103 is arranged at different positions in the vertical direction of the hollow circular tube 101 to adapt to the installation requirements of different heights.

[0043] Angle adjusting component A2 consists of a hollow circular ring and a flat surface. The hollow circular ring has angle adjusting grooves A202 distributed symmetrically around its center. Angle adjusting component B3 consists of a hollow circular ring and a flat surface. The hollow circular ring has angle adjusting grooves B302 distributed symmetrically around its center. The angles of both angle adjusting grooves A202 and B302 are 45° to ensure sufficient structural strength.

[0044] During installation, the hollow ring portion of angle adjusting component A2 is coaxially mounted with the hollow tube 101 of the main positioning component 1, and the hollow ring portion of angle adjusting component B3 is also coaxially mounted with the hollow tube 101 of the main positioning component 1. Angle adjusting components A2, B3, and 1 are fixedly connected by a central connector 4; the central connector 4 uses high-strength bolts for easy on-site installation and subsequent maintenance and adjustment.

[0045] The longitudinal adjustment unit includes angle adjusting component A2, angle adjusting component B3, and guardrail component 6. Angle adjusting component A2 has a curved through-hole, i.e., an open connecting groove 201, on its flat surface. Angle adjusting component B3 also has a curved through-hole with the same curvature on its flat surface. Guardrail component 6 is fixedly connected to the flat surfaces of angle adjusting components A2 and B3 respectively via guardrail connectors 5, and the connection position can be adjusted within the curved through-hole; guardrail connectors 5 are also connected using high-strength bolts.

[0046] The guardrail component 6 consists of guardrail horizontal beams 601, guardrail longitudinal beams 602, and guardrail assembly connectors 7. Three guardrail horizontal beams 601 are provided to ensure sufficient structural strength. The guardrail horizontal beams 601 and the guardrail longitudinal beams 602 are hinged together via the guardrail assembly connectors 7, forming a multi-compartment parallelogram structure. This structure allows the guardrail component to maintain the parallel relationship between the horizontal beams when the longitudinal angle changes.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and describes a specific implementation method for adjusting the horizontal angle.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, both angle adjusting parts A2 and B3 can rotate around the central axis of the main positioning part 1. When adjusting the horizontal angle, first loosen the central connecting part 4 (bolt) to release the lock on angle adjusting parts A2 and B3. Then, rotate angle adjusting parts A2 and B3 as needed so that their planar portions form the desired included angle. The adjustable angle range of the planar portions of angle adjusting parts A2 and B3 is -145° to 145°.

[0050] During adjustment, the angle adjustment grooves A202 and B302 on angle adjustment components A2 and B3 cooperate with the central connecting component 4 to provide guidance and limit. Once the desired angle is reached, the central connecting component 4 is tightened again to lock angle adjustment components A2 and B3 in their current positions.

[0051] For applications requiring significant angle adjustment, the central connector 4 can be riveted for more reliable fixation. Furthermore, a wider range of adjustments can be achieved by adjusting the position and shape of the angle groove 103 on the main positioning component 1, adjusting the dimensions of the angle adjustment grooves A 202 on the angle adjustment component A 2 and B 302 on the angle adjustment component B 3, and adjusting the dimensions of the arc segment 301 of the angle adjustment component B 3, to accommodate complex angle adjustment needs in different working conditions.

[0052] After the horizontal angle adjustment is completed, the positions of angle adjustment component A2 and angle adjustment component B3 are reliably fixed and will not change due to subsequent vertical angle adjustment, thus achieving the independence of adjustment.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and describes a specific implementation method for adjusting the longitudinal angle.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the guardrail crossbeam 601 and guardrail longitudinal beam 602 of guardrail component 6 are hinged together by guardrail assembly connector 7, forming a rotatable parallelogram structure. When it is necessary to adjust the longitudinal angle, first loosen the guardrail connector 5 (bolt) to release the lock between guardrail component 6 and angle adjusting components A 2 and B 3.

[0056] Then, the position of the end connection of the guardrail beam 601 in the open connecting groove 201 is adjusted as needed. Since the open connecting groove 201 is an arc-shaped through hole, the connection point of the guardrail component 6 can slide along the arc trajectory. When the connection point of the guardrail component 6 moves along the arc through hole, the parallelogram structure deforms, thereby changing the angle between the guardrail beam 601 and the horizontal plane. The adjustable angle range between the guardrail beam 601 and the horizontal plane is -10° to 10°.

[0057] Once the desired longitudinal angle is reached, retighten guardrail connector 5 to lock guardrail component 6 in its current position. During the longitudinal angle adjustment process, the positions of each component of the horizontal rotation adjustment unit remain unchanged, achieving independent bidirectional adjustment.

[0058] The three guardrail beams 601 are connected by a parallelogram hinge structure, maintaining a parallel relationship regardless of changes in longitudinal angle, thus ensuring the overall aesthetics and protective performance of the guardrail. Simultaneously, this structure automatically compensates for changes in distance between adjacent guardrail beams, keeping the gap at the joint within 1mm, and preventing issues of suspension or compression caused by changes in slope.

[0059] Example 4:

[0060] This embodiment illustrates the application and implementation of the guardrail structure of the present invention in multiple scenarios.

[0061] Scenario 1: On a sharp bend in a highway, when installing the guardrail structure of this invention, firstly, the required horizontal turning angle is calculated based on the bend radius. Then, the angle between angle adjustment components A2 and B3 is adjusted to match the bend alignment using the horizontal rotation adjustment unit. Next, based on the longitudinal slope, the angle between the guardrail beam 601 and the horizontal plane is adjusted to 6° using the longitudinal adjustment unit, ensuring a perfect fit between the guardrail alignment and the road alignment, with no bends or steps, resulting in excellent protective performance.

[0062] Scenario 2: Urban interchange ramps. The guardrail structure of this invention is adopted. It adapts to the curve alignment through a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and dynamically adjusts the cross slope angle through a longitudinal adjustment unit. One set of guardrail structure can meet the installation needs of different sections of the entire ramp, avoiding the problem of traditional guardrails requiring segmented customization and greatly improving installation efficiency.

[0063] Scenario 3: Riverbank slope protection. The guardrail structure of this invention adapts to the turning of the shoreline through the horizontal rotation adjustment unit and to the undulation of the slope through the longitudinal adjustment unit, so as to achieve a high degree of fit between the guardrail and the terrain and improve the protection effect.

[0064] Scenario 4: Slope protection. The guardrail structure of this invention can adjust the horizontal and vertical angles in real time according to the terrain, so as to achieve a precise match between the guardrail line and the slope line, effectively preventing rocks from falling from the slope from entering the driving lane.

[0065] The above application examples demonstrate that the guardrail structure of this invention has good adaptability to multiple scenarios. One set of structure can meet the installation requirements of different working conditions, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0066] Example 5:

[0067] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with an optimized design of the adjustment mechanism.

[0068] The arc-shaped through holes (open connecting grooves 201) on angle adjusting parts A 2 and B 3 are set in two sets and arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction. The two sets of arc-shaped through holes correspond to the two guardrail connectors 5, making the connection of the guardrail parts 6 more stable and preventing the problem of unstable rotation caused by single-point connection.

[0069] The angle adjustment slots A202 and B302 on angle adjustment components A2 and B3 are designed as elongated oval holes, rather than simple circular holes. This elongated oval design allows the center connector 4 to move within a certain range of motion within the hole. When fine-tuning is required, it is not necessary to completely loosen the center connector 4; simply loosen it and rotate the angle adjustment component to the desired position. The center connector 4 can then move within the elongated oval hole, simplifying the adjustment operation.

[0070] Scale markings are provided on the flat surfaces of angle adjusting components A2 and B3 to indicate the current adjustment angle. Horizontally, angle scale lines are provided on the edges of angle adjusting components A2 and B3, with a minimum graduation of 5°; longitudinally, angle scale lines are provided beside the open connecting groove 201, with a minimum graduation of 1°. These scale markings facilitate quick adjustment to the desired angle by on-site construction personnel, improving installation accuracy.

[0071] Anti-loosening washers are installed on guardrail connector 5 to prevent bolts from loosening due to long-term vibration. The anti-loosening washers adopt a double-sided locking washer structure, which has excellent anti-loosening performance.

[0072] Example 6:

[0073] This embodiment illustrates the on-site installation method of the guardrail structure of the present invention.

[0074] S1. Foundation Construction: Determine the location of the guardrail posts according to the design drawings, pour concrete foundations, and pre-embed anchor bolts. After the foundation strength meets the design requirements, begin guardrail installation.

[0075] S2. Install the main positioning component: Fix the base 102 of the main positioning component 1 to the concrete foundation with anchor bolts, adjust the verticality, and tighten the nuts. Ensure that the hollow round tube 101 of the main positioning component 1 is perpendicular to the ground.

[0076] S3. Install the angle adjustment components: Insert angle adjustment components A2 and B3 sequentially onto the hollow circular tube 101 of the main positioning component 1, ensuring that the hollow circular parts of both are coaxial with the hollow circular tube 101. Initially determine the required horizontal angle, and pre-fix angle adjustment components A2 and B3 using the center connecting component 4.

[0077] S4. Horizontal Angle Fine Adjustment: Determine the theoretical alignment of the guardrail based on the road centerline or guy line, and precisely adjust the horizontal angle by rotating angle adjustment component A2 and angle adjustment component B3. After achieving the design requirements, tighten the center connector 4 to lock the horizontal angle.

[0078] S5. Install the guardrail components: Hoist the prefabricated guardrail components 6 to the installation position and connect them to angle adjusting components A2 and B3 via guardrail connectors 5. Pre-fix the guardrail connectors 5 to keep the guardrail components 6 in a movable state.

[0079] S6. Fine-tuning of longitudinal angle: Adjust the position of guardrail component 6 in the open connecting groove 201 according to the road longitudinal slope or design requirements, so that the guardrail beam 601 forms the required angle with the horizontal plane. This can be confirmed by measuring with a level or slope gauge. After achieving the required angle, tighten the guardrail connector 5 to lock the longitudinal angle.

[0080] S7: Repeat steps S3 to S6 to complete the installation of subsequent guardrail sections. Adjacent guardrail sections are connected by connecting plates or bolts to form a continuous whole.

[0081] S8: Install other auxiliary components, such as reflective film and delineators, to complete the overall installation.

[0082] This installation method is simple to operate, requires no special tools, and the horizontal and vertical angles can be adjusted independently without interference, greatly improving installation efficiency.

[0083] Regularly check the tightness of all connecting bolts and tighten them promptly if any are loose. Inspect the coating on the guardrail surface and touch up any rust found. Inspect guardrail component 6 for deformation and correct or replace it if significant deformation is found.

[0084] When a component is damaged and needs replacement, it can be replaced individually depending on the extent of the damage. For example, if the guardrail beam 601 is damaged, simply loosen the corresponding guardrail connector 5, remove the damaged beam, and install a new beam; there is no need to dismantle the entire guardrail section. If the angle adjustment component A2 is damaged, loosen the center connector 4, remove the damaged angle adjustment component, replace it with a new one, and then readjust the angle.

[0085] When the road alignment changes due to modifications, the guardrail angle can be readjusted. Loosen the corresponding connectors, readjust to the required angle for the new alignment, and then lock it back in place. This repeatable adjustability makes the guardrail structure of this invention highly adaptable, reusable, and reduces engineering modification costs.

[0086] Working principle:

[0087] Angle adjusting components A2 and B3 can rotate independently around the central axis of the main positioning component 1. When adjusting the horizontal angle, loosen the central connecting component 4 and rotate angle adjusting components A2 and B3 to the desired position, so that their planar portions form an angle matching the road curve alignment. During adjustment, the angle adjusting grooves A202 on angle adjusting component A2 and B302 on angle adjusting component B3 cooperate with the central connecting component 4, serving as guides and limiters. After reaching the desired angle, tighten the central connecting component 4 to lock angle adjusting components A2 and B3 in their current positions.

[0088] The guardrail component 6 is connected to the planar portions of angle adjusting components A2 and B3 via the guardrail connector 5. The connection position can be adjusted within the open connecting groove 201 (arc-shaped through hole). When adjusting the longitudinal angle, loosen the guardrail connector 5 and move the connection point of the guardrail component 6 within the arc-shaped through hole to form the required angle between the guardrail beam 601 and the horizontal plane. Since the guardrail beam 601 and the guardrail longitudinal beam 602 are hinged together via the guardrail assembly connector 7, forming a parallelogram structure, the parallelogram deforms when the connection point position changes, thereby changing the tilt angle of the guardrail beam. After achieving the desired angle, tighten the guardrail connector 5 to lock the longitudinal angle.

[0089] Horizontal angle adjustment involves the rotation of angle adjusting components A2 and B3 relative to the main positioning component 1, while longitudinal angle adjustment involves the position adjustment of guardrail component 6 relative to angle adjusting components A2 and B3. The two adjustments involve different components and have different directions of movement. After adjustment, they are independently locked through their respective connecting parts, preventing interference and achieving bidirectional independent adjustment in both horizontal and longitudinal directions.

[0090] During longitudinal angle adjustment, the parallelogram hinge structure automatically compensates for changes in distance between adjacent guardrail beams caused by slope variations. When the tilt angle of the guardrail beam changes, the parallelogram structure deforms, ensuring that the horizontal distance between adjacent beams remains constant or changes only slightly. This avoids issues of suspension or compression caused by slope changes, guaranteeing the continuity and protective performance of the guardrail.

[0091] In summary, this invention, through the ingenious design of the horizontal rotation adjustment unit and the longitudinal adjustment unit, achieves bidirectional independent adjustment of the guardrail structure in both horizontal and vertical directions. It can simultaneously adapt to the requirements of curves and slopes in complex terrain, and has the advantages of flexible adjustment, stable structure, efficient installation, and strong adaptability. It can be widely used in various scenarios such as highways, municipal works, rivers, and slopes, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0092] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0093] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0094] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-scenario adaptive composite guardrail structure, characterized in that: Includes a horizontal rotation adjustment unit and a vertical adjustment unit; The horizontal rotation adjustment unit includes a main positioning component (1), an angle adjustment component A (2), an angle adjustment component B (3), and a central connecting component (4); the angle adjustment component A (2) has a hollow ring portion and a planar portion, and the angle adjustment component B (3) has a hollow ring portion and a planar portion; the hollow ring portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component (1), and the hollow ring portion of the angle adjustment component B (3) is coaxially mounted with the main positioning component (1); the angle adjustment component A (2), the angle adjustment component B (3), and the main positioning component (1) are fixedly connected by the central connecting component (4); an angle is formed between the planar portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) and the planar portion of the angle adjustment component B (3), and this angle is adjusted by relative rotation; The longitudinal adjustment unit includes the angle adjustment component A (2), the angle adjustment component B (3), and the guardrail component (6); the plane portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) is provided with an arc-shaped through hole (201), and the plane portion of the angle adjustment component B (3) is provided with an arc-shaped through hole (201); the guardrail component (6) is fixedly connected to the plane portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) and the plane portion of the angle adjustment component B (3) respectively through the guardrail connector (5), and the connection position of the guardrail component (6) with the angle adjustment component A (2) and the angle adjustment component B (3) is adjusted within the arc-shaped through hole (201).

2. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main positioning component (1) is composed of a hollow round tube (101) and a base (102), wherein the base (102) and the hollow round tube (101) are manufactured or welded into a single structure. The hollow circular tube (101) is provided with an angled groove (103) that penetrates the tube wall, and the angled groove (103) is used for the central connector (4) to pass through.

3. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped through holes (201) provided on the planar portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) and the angle adjustment component B (3) are in multiple groups, one group in each horizontal direction, and the center of each group of arc-shaped through holes is the same; The hollow ring portion of the angle adjustment component A (2) is provided with angle adjustment grooves A (202) distributed symmetrically at the center, and the hollow ring portion of the angle adjustment component B (3) is provided with angle adjustment grooves B (302) distributed symmetrically at the center.

4. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guardrail component (6) consists of a guardrail crossbeam (601), a guardrail longitudinal beam (602), and a guardrail assembly connector (7). The guardrail crossbeam (601) and the guardrail longitudinal beam (602) are hinged together by the guardrail assembly connector (7) to form a rotatable parallelogram structure. The number of guardrail beams (601) shall not be less than three.

5. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle adjustment range between the guardrail beam (601) of the guardrail component (6) and the horizontal plane is -10° to -10°; the adjustable angle range between the planar part of the angle adjustment component A (2) and the planar part of the angle adjustment component B (3) is -145° to 145°.

6. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guardrail crossbeam (601) and guardrail longitudinal beam (602) are circular steel pipes with hot-dip galvanized surface treatment.

7. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central connector (4) is a bolt connection or a rivet connection; the guardrail connector (5) is provided with an anti-loosening washer; the guardrail assembly connector (7) is a hinge or pin connection structure.

8. The multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment component A (2) and the angle adjustment component B (3) are provided with scale marks on their flat parts, and the arc-shaped through holes (201) provided on the flat parts of the angle adjustment component A (2) and the angle adjustment component B (3) are arranged in two or more sets in the vertical direction; The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped through hole (201) matches the motion trajectory of the connection point of the guardrail component (6).

9. A multi-scene adaptive composite guardrail structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment groove A (202) and the angle adjustment groove B (302) are oblong holes; the base (102) is provided with anchor bolt mounting holes.

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