A large water head steel hanging box rapid limiting and anti-swing device in severe sea conditions

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bad sea conditions super large water head steel hanging box quick limiting and anti-amplitude device, it is related to the deep water foundation construction technology field of cross-sea bridge, including steel hanging box ontology, the bottom of the steel hanging box ontology is connected with concrete bottom plate, the bottom plate four corners side reserved with casing guide slot, steel casing is installed in the casing guide slot, and steel casing and steel hanging box ontology upper middle lower part are respectively provided with limiting anti-amplitude component.The bad sea conditions super large water head steel hanging box quick limiting and anti-amplitude device, by the top, middle, bottom three key parts between steel hanging box ontology and steel casing are set with matching limiting anti-amplitude component, form upper and lower cooperation, all-around limiting anti-swing structure, offset the horizontal force generated by reciprocating flow and the vertical force caused by tidal difference, realize the quick limiting of steel hanging box and efficient anti-amplitude, improve the stability of steel hanging box under bad sea conditions as a whole, avoid its appearance sway, seepage, sinking and other problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-water foundation construction technology for cross-sea bridges, specifically to a rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with an ultra-large head under severe sea conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of the main pier foundation of cross-sea bridges, the steel caisson, as the core structure of the cofferdam, needs to be lowered, positioned, and the pier cap constructed under severe sea conditions. Currently, cross-sea bridge construction in China faces problems such as large tidal range, fast current velocity, frequent typhoons, and extremely large head differences. The horizontal force generated by the reciprocating flow will cause the steel caisson to sway significantly, which can easily lead to seepage, separation, or even sinking of the steel caisson between the wall and the bottom sealing concrete. At the same time, the vertical force direction caused by the rising and falling tides changes repeatedly, up to four times a day, with a maximum vertical force of 1207t. This can easily lead to cracking of the bottom sealing concrete and failure of the bond between the casing and the wall. Existing steel caisson limiting devices can only achieve single limiting, have poor anti-sway effect, and low adaptability, which cannot meet the construction safety requirements under severe sea conditions and extremely large head differences.

[0003] To address the aforementioned deficiencies, existing technology (Chinese Patent No. CN215483036U, Publication Date 2022-01-11) discloses a novel internal support structure for a large steel caisson. This structure utilizes a bidirectional screw, a first top rod, and a second top rod. The user places the first support rod horizontally inside the steel caisson. The threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw are reversed. As the bidirectional screw rotates, the first and second top rods move in opposite directions under the limiting action of a limiting device, thereby reducing the gap between the first and second top rods and the inner wall of the steel caisson, thus improving the support effect. Furthermore, by using threaded rods, the first and second top rods slide within corresponding square grooves, causing the rack to slide within the square grooves, which in turn rotates the first gear. Driven by the first gear, the threaded rods slide in a direction opposite to the first gear, further reducing the distance between the threaded rod and the inner wall of the steel caisson, which is beneficial for improving the support effect. The prior art (Chinese Patent No. CN210263092U, Announcement Date 2020-04-07) discloses an internal support system for a cofferdam, comprising vertical walers and horizontal walers. Two vertical walers are arranged symmetrically from left to right, and horizontal walers connect the two vertical walers. The horizontal walers are arranged symmetrically about the front and back of the vertical walers. A vertical waler is symmetrically arranged in the middle between the two horizontal walers. Connecting diagonal braces one and two are connected between adjacent vertical and horizontal walers, with the first connecting diagonal brace positioned outside the second connecting diagonal brace. This invention eliminates the need for on-site processing and welding, ensuring quality and saving time. Its modular design allows for assembly into any size on various cofferdams, making it convenient to use and capable of forming any shape, thus limiting its application. The use of screw connections facilitates disassembly of the walers, thereby solving the problem of non-reusability of internal support materials.

[0004] The above-mentioned solutions, when used to support and limit the steel caisson, only target a local part of the steel caisson. The support and limiting mechanism focuses on assembly and a series of linkage adjustments, which are cumbersome and complex. In practical applications, they are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and impractical. Furthermore, when faced with large tidal ranges, high flow velocities, and horizontal forces generated by reciprocating flows, the external forces act on the entire steel caisson. Local support alone is insufficient to provide a stable anti-sway effect, which will still cause the steel caisson to sway, leading to problems such as seepage, detachment, or even sinking of the steel caisson between the wall and the bottom sealing concrete. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid limiting and anti-sway device for steel caissons with large heads in harsh sea conditions, to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Existing rapid limiting and anti-sway devices for steel caissons only support and limit the steel caisson in a localized area, and the support and limiting mechanism focuses on assembly and a series of linkage adjustments. The adjustment structure is cumbersome and complex, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive in practical applications and not practical. Furthermore, when facing large tidal ranges, high flow velocities, and horizontal forces generated by reciprocating flows, the external force acts on the entire steel caisson. Local support alone is insufficient to provide a stable anti-sway effect, which will still cause the steel caisson to sway, leading to problems such as seepage, detachment, or even sinking of the steel caisson between the wall and the bottom sealing concrete.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rapid limiting and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with an ultra-large head in severe sea conditions, comprising a steel caisson body, wherein a concrete base plate is connected to the bottom of the steel caisson body; The bottom plate has pre-reserved guide grooves for the protective casing at its four water-facing corners. A steel protective casing is installed in the guide groove. The top of the steel caisson body is provided with a hanging lug, which vertically positions the top of the steel protective casing. A limiting flat connector is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel caisson body. The limiting flat connector is laterally abutting against the inner wall of the steel caisson body and the outer wall of the middle part of the steel protective casing. At the same time, a guide device is provided at the bottom of the steel caisson body to limit the lower end of the steel protective casing. The guide device uses horizontal extrusion to limit and fix the bottom of the steel caisson body and the steel protective casing.

[0007] Furthermore, the hanging lugs include top hanging beams installed on the four water-facing corners of the top of the steel caisson body, and guide hanging legs are fixed at the bottom of the top hanging beams, with the guide hanging legs fitting and pressing against the top of the steel casing.

[0008] Furthermore, the top hanging beam is designed as a "T" shaped structure, with the corner of the top hanging beam in close contact with the top and inner wall of the steel hanging box body.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide leg is provided with a protruding foot, and the protruding foot is in close contact with the top inner wall of the steel casing. A horizontal plate is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the guide leg, and the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top hanging beam.

[0010] Furthermore, a pre-installation component is installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel caisson body. The pre-installation component is configured as a receiving component and is configured as a "U" shaped structure. The pre-installation component carries a limiting flat connector, and the limiting flat connector is laterally connected to the inner wall of the steel caisson body and the outer side of the steel casing.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting flat coupling is configured as a cylindrical steel cylinder, and the front and rear sides of the limiting flat coupling abut against the inner wall of the pre-installed component, while the left and right sides of the limiting flat coupling abut against the inner wall of the steel caisson body and the outer side of the steel protective cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the guiding device faces the outside of the steel casing, and a steel wedge is provided between the steel casing and the guiding device.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide device is configured as a triangular structure with its hypotenuse facing outwards.

[0014] Furthermore, the steel wedge is configured as a right-angled trapezoidal structure, with the hypotenuse of the steel wedge facing the hypotenuse of the guide device, and the steel wedge is fitted into the gap between the guide device and the steel casing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This rapid positioning and anti-sway device for ultra-large head steel caissons in harsh sea conditions utilizes matching positioning and anti-sway components at the top, middle, and bottom of the steel caisson body and the steel casing. This forms a coordinated, all-around positioning and anti-sway structure that counteracts the horizontal force generated by the reciprocating flow and the vertical force caused by the tidal range. This achieves rapid positioning and efficient anti-sway of the steel caisson, thereby improving its overall stability in harsh sea conditions and preventing problems such as swaying, seepage, and sinking.

[0016] Furthermore, the layered limiting anti-sway effect is excellent. Through the top hanging beam, guide hanging leg, middle pre-installed parts, limiting flat connecting parts, bottom guide device and steel wedge block, a three-layer limiting anti-sway structure is formed between the steel caisson body and the steel casing. It counteracts the horizontal force of reciprocating flow and the vertical force of tidal difference from the top, middle and bottom respectively, and restrains the swaying and displacement of the steel caisson in all directions, solving the problem of poor anti-sway effect caused by only local support in traditional devices.

[0017] Furthermore, the installation and positioning are quick and convenient. The guide groove of the bottom concrete base plate provides initial and precise guidance for the steel casing. Combined with the right-angled trapezoidal steel wedge block and the inclined side of the triangular guide device, the wedge structure can quickly eliminate the gap between the bottom of the steel caisson body and the steel casing, achieving rapid bottom fixation without the need for cumbersome linkage adjustment, thus greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the structure has stable force transmission and uniform stress distribution. The top hanging beam is in close contact with the top and inner wall of the steel caisson body. The pre-installed parts form a stable load-bearing structure for the cylindrical steel limit flat coupling. The limit flat coupling achieves uniform transmission of horizontal force through rigid contact. The close-fitting and contact connection structure of each part can effectively disperse stress, avoid structural damage caused by local stress concentration, and improve the overall durability of the device.

[0019] Furthermore, to adapt to the construction needs of harsh sea conditions, the combined structure of the three-layer limiting anti-sway components can effectively resist the complex forces brought about by harsh sea conditions such as large tidal range, fast current velocity, and frequent typhoons. The interlocking and pressing structure of the top guide legs can offset the ultra-large vertical force, the middle limiting flat connector can effectively resist the horizontal thrust of reciprocating flow, and the wedging structure of the bottom steel wedge blocks can prevent seepage, separation, or even sinking between the steel caisson wall and the bottom sealing concrete, ensuring the safety and stability of the pier construction. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel lifting cylinder and the base plate in the separated state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the anti-sway and limiting components between the steel lifting cylinder and the steel protective cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front section structure of the steel casing of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the top hanging beam and guide hanging legs of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation status of the pre-installed component and the limiting flat coupling of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation component and the limiting flat coupling component of the present invention in a separated state; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the guide device and steel wedge block of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the guide device and steel wedge block of the present invention in a separated state.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Steel caisson body; 2. Base plate; 3. Steel casing; 4. Casing guide groove; 5. Top hanging beam; 6. Guide hanging leg; 7. Pre-installation component; 8. Limiting flat coupling; 9. Guide device; 10. Steel wedge block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 5 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a rapid limiting and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with a large head in severe sea conditions, comprising a steel caisson body 1, a concrete base plate 2 connected to the bottom of the steel caisson body 1, guide grooves 4 for protective casings reserved on the four water-facing corners of the base plate 2, a steel protective casing 3 installed in the guide grooves 4, a hanging lug provided on the top of the steel caisson body 1 for vertical positioning of the top of the steel protective casing 3, a limiting flat connector 8 provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel caisson body 1, the limiting flat connector 8 being laterally abutting and connected to the inner wall of the steel caisson body 1 and the outer wall of the middle part of the steel protective casing 3, and a guide device 9 for limiting the lower end of the steel protective casing 3 provided at the bottom of the steel caisson body 1, the guide device 9 using horizontal extrusion to limit and fix the bottom of the steel caisson body 1 and the steel protective casing 3.

[0024] The core of this device lies in its design to address the swaying problem of steel caissons caused by severe sea conditions and extremely high water heads during deep-water foundation construction of cross-sea bridges. It utilizes matching limiting and anti-sway components at the top, middle, and bottom of the steel caisson body 1 and the steel casing 3 to form a coordinated, all-around limiting and anti-sway structure. Through a combination of mechanical interlocking, contact support, and wedging fixation, it counteracts the horizontal force generated by the reciprocating flow and the vertical force caused by tidal differences, achieving rapid limiting and efficient anti-swaying of the steel caisson body 1. This comprehensively improves the stability of the steel caisson body 1 under severe sea conditions, preventing swaying, seepage, and sinking. Furthermore, each component performs its specific function while cooperating with others. The top component provides dual vertical and horizontal limiting, the middle component strengthens horizontal anti-sway support, and the bottom component completes precise positioning and wedging fixation. The three-layer structure forms a stable limiting and anti-sway system.

[0025] Specifically, the hanging lugs include top hanging beams 5 installed on the four water-facing sides of the top of the steel caisson body 1. Guide hanging legs 6 are fixed at the bottom of the top hanging beams 5. The guide hanging legs 6 are fitted and pressed against the top of the steel casing 3. The top hanging beams 5 are set as a "T" shaped structure. The corners of the top hanging beams 5 are in close contact with the top and inner wall of the steel caisson body 1. The bottom of the guide hanging legs 6 is provided with protruding feet, and the protruding feet are in close contact with the top inner wall of the steel casing 3. A horizontal plate is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the guide hanging legs 6, and the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top hanging beams 5.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the top limiting anti-sway component operates as follows: The top limiting anti-sway component consists of a top hanging beam 5 and a guide hanging leg 6. The corner of the top hanging beam 5 is in close contact with the top and inner wall of the steel caisson body 1, achieving a tight connection with the steel caisson body 1 and ensuring the stability of force transmission. The horizontal plate in the middle of the top surface of the guide hanging leg 6 is fixed to the bottom of the top hanging beam 5, and the protruding foot at the bottom is fitted and pressed against the top inner wall of the steel casing 3. Through this fitting structure, a vertical limiting constraint is formed on the top of the steel caisson body 1 to offset the vertical force caused by the tidal difference, and the horizontal swaying of the top of the steel caisson body 1 along the radial direction of the steel casing 3 is also restricted, thus achieving bidirectional limiting of the top. Example 2:

[0027] Based on Embodiment 1, a central limiting anti-sway component is also disclosed; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 - Figure 5 and Figure 7 - Figure 8 The specific structure is as follows: A pre-installation component 7 is installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel caisson body 1. The pre-installation component 7 is set as a receiving component, and the pre-installation component 7 is set as a "U" shaped structure. The pre-installation component 7 carries a limiting flat connector 8, and the limiting flat connector 8 is laterally connected to the inner wall of the steel caisson body 1 and the outer side of the steel casing 3. The limiting flat connector 8 is set as a cylindrical steel cylinder, and the front and rear sides of the limiting flat connector 8 abut against the inner wall of the pre-installation component 7, and the left and right sides of the limiting flat connector 8 abut against the inner wall of the steel caisson body 1 and the outer side of the steel casing 3.

[0028] refer to Figure 4 - Figure 5 and Figure 7 - Figure 8As shown, the central limiting anti-sway component consists of a pre-installation component 7 and a limiting horizontal coupling component 8. The pre-installation component 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the middle part of the steel caisson body 1, providing a stable bearing foundation for the limiting horizontal coupling component 8. The limiting horizontal coupling component 8 is a cylindrical steel cylinder, with its front and rear sides abutting against the inner wall of the pre-installation component 7, and its two ends abutting against the inner wall of the steel caisson body 1 and the outer side of the steel protective cylinder 3, respectively. This transverse rigid abutment structure transmits the horizontal force in the middle part of the steel caisson body 1 to the steel protective cylinder 3, effectively offsetting the horizontal thrust generated by the reciprocating flow, preventing large swings in the middle part of the steel caisson body 1, strengthening the anti-sway capability of the middle part of the device, and at the same time, the cylindrical steel cylinder structure can evenly distribute the abutment force and avoid local stress concentration. Example 3:

[0029] Based on Embodiment 2, a bottom limiting anti-sway component is also disclosed. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 - Figure 5 and Figure 9 - Figure 10 As shown, its specific structure is as follows: A guide device 9 is fixed on the bottom inner wall of the steel caisson body 1. The guide device 9 faces the outside of the steel casing 3. A steel wedge 10 is set between the steel casing 3 and the guide device 9. The guide device 9 is set as a triangular structure with the hypotenuse facing outward. The steel wedge 10 is set as a right trapezoidal structure with the hypotenuse facing the hypotenuse of the guide device 9. The steel wedge 10 is fitted into the gap between the guide device 9 and the steel casing 3.

[0030] refer to Figure 4 - Figure 5 and Figure 9 - Figure 10 As shown, the bottom limiting anti-sway component includes a guide device 9 and a steel wedge 10. The guide device 9 is a triangular structure with its hypotenuse facing outward. It is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the steel caisson body 1 and faces the outside of the steel casing 3. It provides precise guidance for the installation of the steel wedge 10 and disperses the compressive force transmitted by the steel wedge 10. The steel wedge 10 is a right-angled trapezoidal structure. Its hypotenuse is set opposite to the hypotenuse of the guide device 9 and fits into the gap between the guide device 9 and the steel casing 3. By wedging the steel wedge 10, the bottom of the steel caisson body 1 and the steel casing 3 can be quickly fixed, eliminating the gap between them and achieving precise positioning of the bottom of the steel caisson. At the same time, the wedging structure can provide continuous compressive force to resist the horizontal swaying and vertical displacement of the bottom. Combined with the casing guide groove 4 on the four water-facing corners of the concrete base plate 2 for the initial guidance of the steel casing 3, it further ensures the installation positioning accuracy and stability of the bottom of the steel caisson body 1.

[0031] In summary, this device, through the layered synergistic action of the top hanging beam 5, guide hanging leg 6, middle pre-installed component 7, limiting flat connector 8, bottom guiding device 9, and steel wedge block 10, combined with the initial guidance of the steel casing 3 and casing guide groove 4, constructs a vertically integrated, all-round limiting and anti-sway system between the steel caisson body 1 and the steel casing 3. This effectively transfers the horizontal and vertical forces on the steel caisson body 1 to the steel casing 3, achieving rapid limiting and efficient anti-sway of the steel caisson under severe sea conditions and ultra-high water head. It solves the problems of local support, poor anti-sway effect, and cumbersome adjustment of traditional devices, ensuring the safety of steel caisson lowering, positioning, and pier construction during deep-water foundation construction of cross-sea bridges.

[0032] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid limiting and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with a large head in severe sea conditions, comprising a steel caisson body (1), wherein a concrete base plate (2) is connected to the bottom of the steel caisson body (1). Its features are: The bottom plate (2) has a guide groove (4) for the protective casing at the four water-facing corners. A steel protective casing (3) is installed in the guide groove (4). The top of the steel hoist body (1) is provided with a hanging lug, which vertically positions the top of the steel protective casing (3). A limiting flat connector (8) is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel hoist body (1). The limiting flat connector (8) is horizontally connected to the inner wall of the steel hoist body (1) and the outer wall of the middle part of the steel protective casing (3). At the same time, a guide device (9) is provided at the bottom of the steel hoist body (1) to limit the lower end of the steel protective casing (3). The guide device (9) uses horizontal extrusion to limit and fix the bottom of the steel hoist body (1) and the steel protective casing (3).

2. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging lugs include top hanging beams (5) installed on the four water-facing sides of the top of the steel caisson body (1), and guide hanging legs (6) are fixed at the bottom of the top hanging beams (5), and the guide hanging legs (6) are fitted and pressed against the top of the steel casing (3).

3. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top hanging beam (5) is set as a "T" shaped structure, and the corner of the top hanging beam (5) is in close contact with the top and inner wall of the steel hanging box body (1).

4. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide leg (6) is provided with a protruding foot, and the protruding foot is in close contact with the top inner wall of the steel casing (3). A horizontal plate is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the guide leg (6), and the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top hanging beam (5).

5. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pre-installation component (7) is installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the steel gantry body (1). The pre-installation component (7) is set as a receiving component, and the pre-installation component (7) is set as a "U" shaped structure. The pre-installation component (7) carries a limit flat connector (8).

6. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting flat connector (8) is set as a cylindrical steel cylinder, and the front and rear sides of the limiting flat connector (8) abut against the inner wall of the pre-installed part (7), and the left and right sides of the limiting flat connector (8) abut against the inner wall of the steel gantry body (1) and the outer side of the steel casing (3).

7. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide device (9) faces the outside of the steel casing (3), and a steel wedge (10) is provided between the steel casing (3) and the guide device (9).

8. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in harsh sea conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide device (9) is configured as a triangular structure with the hypotenuse facing outward.

9. The rapid positioning and anti-sway device for a steel caisson with extremely large head in severe sea conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steel wedge (10) is configured as a right-angled trapezoidal structure. The hypotenuse of the steel wedge (10) is opposite to the hypotenuse of the guide device (9). The steel wedge (10) is fitted into the gap between the guide device (9) and the steel sleeve (3).

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