Fuel exhaust waste heat power generation method and device, electronic equipment, readable storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a fuel waste gas waste heat power generation method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium, and belongs to the waste heat recovery field. The method is applied to a waste heat power generation system. The system comprises a gas conveying unit, a water storage unit and a power generation unit. The method comprises the following steps: in the case that the liquid level of the water storage unit is not in a preset liquid level range, controlling the feed water flow of the water storage unit based on the liquid level to realize safe power generation; in the case that the liquid level of the water storage unit is in the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not in a preset pressure range, controlling the feed water flow based on the steam pressure to realize sufficient heat exchange; and in the case that the liquid level of the water storage unit is in the liquid level range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is in the pressure range and the waste gas heat of the gas conveying unit is not in a preset heat range, controlling the feed water flow based on the waste gas heat to realize stable power generation. The application can realize stable power generation through the three-level priority collaborative adjustment of the liquid level, the steam pressure and the waste gas heat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of waste heat recovery technology, and more specifically, relates to a method and apparatus for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust, electronic equipment, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel-fired generator sets are commonly used power equipment in industrial production, remote area power supply, and mobile power stations. During operation, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by fuel combustion carries a large amount of waste heat and is directly emitted, resulting in significant energy waste and increasing the overall energy consumption and operating costs of the unit. To improve energy utilization, existing technologies often employ waste heat recovery devices to recover and utilize the waste heat from the exhaust gas of fuel-fired generator sets. However, in actual operation, the load of fuel-fired generator sets is prone to fluctuations, leading to instability in the heat and flow of exhaust gas, which in turn causes dynamic changes in the liquid level of the water storage tank. Existing control methods are mostly based on single-priority regulation, which can solve one of the following problems: equipment operation safety, equipment operation stability, or equipment operation efficiency, but cannot simultaneously satisfy both. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel gas, electronic equipment, and readable storage medium. By coordinating and controlling the three-level priority of liquid level, steam pressure, and waste gas heat, it can solve the technical problems in the background art, significantly improve system stability, waste heat utilization rate and automation level, and reduce operation and maintenance costs and downtime risks.

[0004] A first aspect of this application provides a method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust gas. This method is applied to a waste heat power generation system, which includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive a power generation fan in the power generation unit to generate electricity. The method includes: When the water level in the storage unit is not within the preset range, the water supply flow of the storage unit is controlled based on the water level to achieve safe power generation. When the liquid level in the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure in the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange. When the water level in the water storage unit is within the water level range, the steam pressure in the water storage unit is within the pressure range, and the heat of the exhaust gas in the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the heat of the exhaust gas to achieve stable power generation.

[0005] A second aspect of this application provides a fuel oil exhaust gas waste heat power generation device. This device is applied to a waste heat power generation system, which includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats the water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive the power generation unit's generator fan to generate electricity. The device includes: The primary control module is used to control the water supply flow of the water storage unit based on the water level when the water level of the water storage unit is not within the preset water level range, so as to achieve safe power generation. The secondary control module is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range. The three-level control module is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas in order to achieve stable power generation when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, and the heat of the waste gas of the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range.

[0006] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust.

[0007] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for generating electricity from waste heat from fuel gas.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: This application embodiment achieves safe, stable, and efficient power generation of the waste heat power generation system through three-level priority coordinated control of liquid level, steam pressure, and waste gas heat. First, liquid level is used as the control basis, regulating the water flow rate of the storage unit to ensure the liquid level remains within a safe range, avoiding safety hazards such as dry burning and steam carrying water, thus guaranteeing safe power generation. Second, provided the liquid level meets safety conditions, the water flow rate is adjusted based on steam pressure to ensure stable and reasonable steam pressure, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving full energy utilization. Finally, when both liquid level and steam pressure are safe, the water flow rate is dynamically matched according to the waste gas heat, ensuring stable heat exchange efficiency and power generation load, and extending equipment lifespan.

[0009] In addition, the embodiments of this application form a progressive closed-loop control through the three-level priority coordination of liquid level, steam pressure and waste gas heat. This not only prioritizes the safety of system operation, but also takes into account heat exchange efficiency and power generation stability. It can resolve adjustment conflicts when the operating conditions change suddenly, adapt to load fluctuations of fuel generator sets, and has the ability to tolerate sensor anomalies. This greatly improves system stability, waste heat utilization rate and automation level, and reduces operation and maintenance costs and downtime risks. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a waste heat power generation system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of a fuel oil exhaust waste heat power generation method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel oil exhaust waste heat power generation device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural block diagram of a waste heat power generation system provided in an embodiment of this application. The system includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats the water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive the power generation fan in the power generation unit to generate electricity.

[0015] In this embodiment, the gas delivery unit includes a gas delivery channel, and the water storage unit includes a heat exchange channel and a heat exchange medium (cooling water). The heat exchange process of the waste heat power generation system is as follows: the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the fuel-fired generator set enters the heat exchange channel through the gas delivery channel. The high-temperature exhaust gas flows within the heat exchange channel, transferring heat to the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange components. The heat exchange medium absorbs the heat transferred by the exhaust gas, and its temperature continuously rises until it vaporizes to produce steam. The low-temperature exhaust gas, after completing the heat exchange, is discharged from the heat exchange channel, while the steam is transported to the power generation unit to drive the generator fan of the power generation unit to generate electricity.

[0016] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a fuel gas waste heat power generation method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be executed by an electronic device and may include: S101~S103.

[0017] S101: When the liquid level of the water storage unit is not within the preset liquid level range, the water supply flow of the water storage unit is controlled based on the liquid level to achieve safe power generation.

[0018] In this embodiment, it is important to maintain the water level in the storage unit within a safe range (typically 40%-80% of the level gauge reading), which can be set based on historical experience. The water level in the storage unit can be measured by a level gauge. If the water level is below the low level, it will cause the heat exchange components to burn out and be damaged; if the water level is above the high level, it will cause steam to carry water into the power generation fan, affecting the fan's lifespan and power generation efficiency. Therefore, to ensure the safe power generation of the waste heat power generation system, it is necessary to prioritize regulation based on the water level in the storage unit. That is, when the water level in the storage unit is below the low level, the water flow rate of the storage unit should be increased; when the water level in the storage unit is above the high level, the water flow rate of the storage unit should be decreased.

[0019] In this embodiment, the water supply flow rate can be changed by altering the water supply speed. The water supply speed is controlled by a frequency converter of the water supply pump; by adjusting the output frequency of the frequency converter, the pump speed is changed, thereby regulating the water supply speed.

[0020] S102: When the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange.

[0021] In this embodiment, if the liquid level in the water storage unit is within the specified range, the waste heat power generation system can be considered to be able to generate electricity safely. At this time, it is necessary to monitor the steam pressure of the water storage unit. If the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range, insufficient heat exchange may occur, resulting in wasted resources. The preset pressure range can be set based on historical experience.

[0022] If the liquid level in the water storage unit is within the specified range and the steam pressure in the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range, the water supply flow rate needs to be adjusted in a timely manner according to the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] In one embodiment, controlling the feedwater flow rate based on steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange includes: The target feedwater flow rate corresponding to the target steam pressure is determined based on the steam pressure-feedwater flow rate mapping model; the difference between the target feedwater flow rate and the feedwater flow rate corresponding to the current steam pressure is calculated, and the feedwater flow rate is controlled according to the preset adjustment ratio based on the difference to achieve sufficient heat exchange.

[0024] In this embodiment, the steam pressure-feedwater flow rate mapping model is obtained by processing historical data of the waste heat power generation system during normal operation.

[0025] S103: When the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, and the heat of the exhaust gas of the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the heat of the exhaust gas to achieve stable power generation.

[0026] In this embodiment, if the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, but the heat of the exhaust gas from the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range, that is, when the heat of the exhaust gas is greater than the high heat value or less than the low heat value, it will affect the stability of power generation. The specific reasons are as follows: When the heat of the exhaust gas exceeds the high heat value, even if the liquid level and steam pressure of the water storage unit are within the liquid level range and pressure range, the water storage unit will absorb a large amount of heat, resulting in increased water evaporation, increased steam pressure, and decreased liquid level. If this state continues without adjusting the liquid level, the heat exchange components in the water storage unit will burn out and be damaged, affecting the stability of power generation and the lifespan of the equipment.

[0027] When the heat of the exhaust gas is less than the minimum heat value, even if the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, the water storage unit will absorb less heat, resulting in reduced water evaporation and lower steam pressure. At this time, the power generated by the generator fan will be insufficient, affecting the stability of power generation.

[0028] Based on the above description, in this embodiment, when the heat of the exhaust gas from the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range, the water supply flow can be controlled based on the heat of the exhaust gas to achieve stable power generation.

[0029] As can be seen from the technical solutions S101~S103 above, the temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas generated during the operation of the fuel-fired generator set fluctuate with the operating state of the fuel-fired generator set, thereby affecting the operating state of each unit of the waste heat power generation system. The gas transmission unit, water storage unit, and power generation unit of the waste heat power generation system are interconnected. Through the coordination of three priorities (liquid level priority, steam pressure priority, and exhaust gas heat priority), unexpected effects beyond individual priority control, or even their simple combinations, can be produced. Specifically, this includes the following four aspects: Firstly, it automatically resolves control loops caused by sudden changes in operating conditions, preventing system shutdowns and paralysis.

[0030] The most common extreme operating condition in oil-fired power generation is: the oil-fired generator set temporarily reduces the fuel supply and air flow, causing the exhaust gas heat to drop by more than 50%, while the water level in the storage unit rises rapidly by more than 30% due to the previous water supply flow matching the waste heat. This is also known as the "exhaust gas heat drop and water level rise condition".

[0031] At this point, if only a single priority is applied for regulation, it will lead to a "regulation dead loop": If only the first priority (liquid level priority) is activated, the feedwater flow rate needs to be reduced. However, the sudden drop in waste gas heat will lead to insufficient residual heat, and the reduced feedwater flow rate will further cause the steam pressure to drop sharply, even below the pressure threshold. If only the second priority (steam pressure priority) is activated, the feedwater flow rate needs to be increased, which will cause the liquid level to continue to rise, triggering a safety alarm. If only the third priority (waste gas heat priority) is activated, the feedwater flow rate needs to be reduced, which will also exacerbate the abnormal steam pressure and ultimately cause the system to shut down.

[0032] The three priorities working together produce the following beneficial effects: The first priority is activated for emergency intervention, reducing the feedwater flow rate to quickly remove the system from the risk of failure. During the intervention, the second priority is activated to monitor the steam pressure in real time. When the steam pressure drops to a low value, coordinated control is immediately triggered. That is, the first priority stops further reducing the feedwater flow rate, and the third priority intervenes simultaneously. Based on the current waste gas heat, it calculates the optimal feedwater flow rate that maintains both the liquid level and steam pressure of the water storage unit within the appropriate range, thereby regulating the feedwater flow rate.

[0033] This embodiment employs a three-level priority linkage control system, prioritizing liquid level safety. While rapidly eliminating potential liquid level safety hazards, it coordinates adjustments based on real-time steam pressure and waste gas heat status to dynamically determine the optimal feedwater flow rate. This allows the liquid level, steam pressure, and waste gas heat to quickly return to a stable range, preventing system shutdowns due to adjustment conflicts and significantly improving the continuous operation capability of the waste heat power generation system.

[0034] The second aspect is to achieve dynamic maximization of waste heat utilization and break through the bottleneck of balancing safety, stability and efficiency.

[0035] When a fuel-fired generator is operating normally, the exhaust gas heat exhibits a characteristic of "continuous small fluctuations." Traditional methods of adjusting waste heat or feedwater flow are insufficient to simultaneously ensure system safety, stability, and efficiency. This embodiment employs a three-level priority linkage, rather than a simple sequential execution of "safety first, then stability, then efficiency," to form an adaptive adjustment mechanism, yielding unexpected beneficial effects. Details are as follows: When the heat of the exhaust gas increases by more than 50%, the third priority (exhaust gas heat priority) should increase the water supply flow rate. However, if the liquid level, as monitored in real time by the first priority, is already close to the high liquid level (the difference between the high liquid level and the real-time monitored liquid level is less than 5%, and all liquid level data are percentage values), then the first priority triggers a "limit reminder." The second priority simultaneously increases the steam pressure, while the third priority adjusts the water supply flow rate according to the preset adjustment ratio. This prevents the liquid level from exceeding the limit and maximizes the absorption of residual heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas. When the heat of the exhaust gas decreases by more than 30%, the third priority should decrease the water supply flow rate. However, if the second priority monitors the steam pressure and finds it is close to the low pressure value, then the second priority triggers a "pressure reminder." The first priority simultaneously decreases the liquid level, and the third priority adjusts the water supply flow rate according to the preset adjustment ratio. This prevents both excessively low steam pressure and the risk of dry burning of the heat exchange components due to insufficient water supply flow.

[0036] In summary, this embodiment moderately widens the pressure regulation range under the safety constraint of liquid level when the heat of the waste gas increases, maximizing the absorption of waste heat; when the heat of the waste gas decreases, the feedwater flow rate is reasonably matched under the constraint of stable steam pressure to prevent dry burning and insufficient heat exchange. Thus, without breaching safety and stability limits, a significant improvement in waste heat utilization is achieved, overcoming the technical bottleneck of traditional control methods that cannot simultaneously address multiple indicators.

[0037] Thirdly: Automatically adapts to the load switching of fuel-fired units, achieving a smooth transition without manual intervention.

[0038] When fuel-fired generator sets frequently switch loads, the heat of the exhaust gas changes rapidly and exhibits strong lag. Manual adjustment or single-priority control can easily lead to adjustment lag and large fluctuations in power generation. This embodiment uses a three-level priority coordinated adjustment to identify the trend of exhaust gas heat change in advance and make fine adjustments to the liquid level and feedwater flow rate in advance, reserving adjustment space for subsequent load changes. This allows the system to automatically achieve a smooth transition during load switching without manual intervention, significantly improving the system's automation level and operational stability.

[0039] Fourthly: Establish a fault self-repair and fault tolerance mechanism to reduce unplanned downtime and lower operation and maintenance costs.

[0040] For scenarios where level and pressure sensors are prone to short-term drift and minor anomalies, traditional control methods are susceptible to malfunctions, leading to unplanned shutdowns. This embodiment, through three-level priority mutual verification and cross-validation, can automatically identify minor sensor drift faults, eliminate abnormal signal interference, maintain normal system regulation, and avoid malfunctions and shutdowns caused by single-point signal anomalies. It achieves self-repair and fault-tolerant operation for minor faults, effectively reducing the number of unplanned shutdowns and lowering system maintenance costs and power generation losses.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment achieves safe, stable, and efficient power generation of the waste heat power generation system through three-level priority coordinated control of liquid level, steam pressure, and waste gas heat. First, based on liquid level, the water supply flow rate of the storage unit is controlled to ensure that the liquid level in the storage unit is within a safe range, avoiding safety hazards such as dry burning and steam carrying water, thus ensuring safe power generation of the system. Second, under the premise that the liquid level meets the safe conditions, the water supply flow rate is adjusted according to the steam pressure to make the steam pressure stable and reasonable, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving full utilization of energy. Finally, when both the liquid level and steam pressure are safe, the water supply flow rate is dynamically matched according to the waste gas heat, ensuring the stability of heat exchange efficiency and power generation load, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0042] In addition, this embodiment forms a progressive closed-loop control through the coordinated coordination of three priority levels: liquid level, steam pressure, and waste gas heat. This not only prioritizes the safety of system operation but also takes into account heat exchange efficiency and power generation stability. It can resolve adjustment conflicts when operating conditions change abruptly, adapt to load fluctuations of fuel generator sets, and has the ability to tolerate sensor anomalies. This significantly improves system stability, waste heat utilization rate, and automation level, while reducing operation and maintenance costs and downtime risks.

[0043] In one embodiment of this application, the method for generating electricity from waste heat from fuel oil exhaust further includes: If the control quantity of water supply flow is determined by the liquid level, then the adjustment of water supply flow is measured in terms of water supply flow rate. If the control quantity of the feedwater flow rate is determined by the steam pressure or the heat of the waste gas, then the adjustment of the feedwater flow rate shall be measured in proportion to the feedwater flow rate.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the liquid level is outside the preset range, the first priority is to address system safety. The main risks at this point are that a low liquid level can easily lead to dry burning, or a high liquid level can cause steam to carry water into the generator fan, affecting the generator fan's lifespan and the system's operational safety. To ensure system safety, the liquid level needs to be quickly adjusted to the preset range, rather than being fine-tuned.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range, it can be assumed that the system will not experience any safety issues such as dry burning or damage to the generator fan. At this time, it is necessary to gradually adjust the liquid level to the preset liquid level range. The adjustment methods include adjusting the water supply flow rate based on steam pressure and adjusting the water supply flow rate based on waste gas heat.

[0046] In one embodiment, controlling the water supply flow rate of the water storage unit based on the liquid level includes: If the liquid level is lower than the low value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the liquid level and the low value of the liquid level. The water supply flow rate is then increased using the determined adjustment step size until the liquid level enters the liquid level range. If the liquid level is higher than the high value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the high value and the liquid level. The water supply flow rate is then reduced using the determined adjustment step size until the liquid level enters the liquid level range.

[0047] In this embodiment, if the liquid level is lower than the low value of the liquid level range, then the difference between the liquid level and the low value is... If the liquid level is higher than the high value of the liquid level range, then the difference between the high value and the liquid level is... .in, Indicates a low liquid level. Indicates a high liquid level. This indicates the current liquid level. After determining the difference, it can be converted into the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate through a preset proportional coefficient. for: ; in, This represents the effective cross-section of the water storage unit at the point of liquid level change. Indicates the target adjustment time. for or , This indicates whether it is a dynamic correction factor or a fixed factor. If it is a dynamic correction factor, it is determined based on the current steam evaporation intensity; if it is a fixed factor, it is set based on experience.

[0048] In one embodiment, controlling the feedwater flow rate based on steam pressure includes: If the steam pressure is lower than the lower pressure value of the pressure range, the feed water flow rate is increased using the preset first feed water flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range. If the steam pressure is higher than the high value of the pressure range, the feedwater flow rate is reduced using the first feedwater flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range.

[0049] In one embodiment, controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas includes: If the heat of the exhaust gas is less than the low value of the heat range, the water supply flow rate is increased by using the preset second water supply flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat of the exhaust gas enters the heat range. If the heat value of the exhaust gas is greater than the high value of the heat range, the water supply flow rate is reduced using the second water supply flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat value of the exhaust gas enters the heat range.

[0050] In one embodiment, the proportion of water supply flow rate is a first proportion or a second proportion, and the first proportion is greater than the second proportion; The first ratio is the adjustment ratio of the feedwater flow rate for each adjustment when the feedwater flow rate is determined by the steam pressure; the second ratio is the adjustment ratio of the feedwater flow rate for each adjustment when the feedwater flow rate is determined by the waste gas heat.

[0051] In this embodiment, the second priority (steam pressure priority) directly affects the stability of the power generation unit. When the steam pressure or steam temperature exceeds or falls below the standard, it will directly lead to abnormal fan speed, fluctuations in power generation, and even damage to the fan. Since the above-mentioned influencing factors are core factors affecting the normal power generation of the waste heat power generation system, they need to be corrected quickly. Therefore, the first ratio is greater than the second ratio. Adjusting the feedwater flow rate by the first ratio can quickly bring the steam pressure back to the preset pressure range, reducing the impact on power generation.

[0052] The core of the third priority (waste gas heat priority) is to improve the utilization rate of waste heat. It is an optimization requirement rather than a necessity requirement. Even if the adjustment is slower, it will not directly affect the safety of the system and the stability of power generation. If the second ratio is too large, it will cause steam pressure fluctuations. Therefore, a smaller ratio is used to achieve smooth adjustment. Under the premise of not interfering with power generation, the waste gas heat is gradually adapted to maximize the utilization of waste heat.

[0053] In this embodiment, if the control quantity of the feedwater flow rate is determined by the steam pressure or the heat of the exhaust gas, then adjusting it using the proportion of the feedwater flow rate as the unit of measurement can achieve on-demand allocation and "precise optimization." Directly adjusting the feedwater flow rate may lead to excessive fluctuations in the adjusted parameters due to differences in the current base feedwater flow rate, causing changes in steam pressure. For example, if the current base feedwater flow rate is 5 m³ / h, and the feedwater flow rate adjustment step is 2 m³ / h, the adjustment range of 40% will cause a sudden change in steam pressure.

[0054] In addition, the proportion of feedwater flow can be dynamically adjusted according to the current feedwater flow base. No matter how the fuel load (exhaust gas heat) fluctuates, the feedwater flow can maintain the matching degree with exhaust gas heat and steam pressure, taking into account both power generation stability and waste heat utilization efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, if the control amount of the water supply flow rate is determined by the liquid level, then directly adjusting the water supply flow rate can prevent damage to the heat exchange components or the generator fan, achieving "emergency avoidance". At the same time, directly adjusting the water supply flow rate can bring the liquid level back to the preset liquid level range in the shortest time, preventing the fault from escalating; if a proportional adjustment method is used, the adjustment speed is slow, which may miss the best intervention time, resulting in damage to the heat exchange components or the generator fan.

[0056] This embodiment adjusts the feedwater flow rate directly based on the first priority (liquid level priority), which meets the core requirement of "safety first". Adjusting the feedwater flow rate ratio based on the second priority (steam pressure priority) can achieve rapid correction and adjust the steam pressure to the pressure range to meet the stability requirements of power generation. Adjusting the feedwater flow rate ratio based on the third priority (exhaust gas heat priority) can achieve smooth regulation and gradually adjust the exhaust gas heat to the heat range without interfering with power generation, so as to maximize the utilization of waste heat.

[0057] From the above, it can be concluded that this embodiment determines the adjustment method according to the priority level (first priority > second priority > third priority). The higher the priority level, the more urgent the demand, the more direct the adjustment method and the larger the step size. This can not only avoid system failure, but also ensure the stability of system power generation, which is in line with the application scenario of large fluctuations in fuel exhaust gas and "safety first, stability first" in industrial production.

[0058] In one embodiment of this application, before controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas, the method further includes: The operating parameters of the fuel-fired generator set are input into a pre-trained prediction model to predict the exhaust gas heat value for the next N hours; N is a preset value. The predicted value of exhaust gas heat is used to correct the exhaust gas heat and achieve early control.

[0059] In this embodiment, the operating parameters of the fuel-fired generator set include fuel supply, unit load, intake parameters, and combustion parameters. Specifically, fuel supply includes fuel flow rate and fuel supply pressure; unit load includes output power; intake parameters include intake flow rate, intake temperature, and intake pressure; and combustion parameters include exhaust temperature.

[0060] The pre-trained predictive model refers to a machine learning model trained on a large amount of historical operating data, which can be a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The training data includes time-series data of historical operating parameters of fuel-powered generator sets and corresponding measured exhaust heat values. The role of the LSTM is to learn the mapping relationship between the operating parameter data of the fuel-powered generator set and the exhaust heat, achieving accurate prediction of future exhaust heat. The LSTM model structure is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0061] In one embodiment, the waste gas heat is corrected using a predicted waste gas heat value, including: The predicted value of exhaust gas heat and the exhaust gas heat are weighted and summed, and the exhaust gas heat obtained by weighted summation is used as the corrected exhaust gas heat. In the weighted summation process, the weight coefficient corresponding to the predicted value of exhaust heat is positively correlated with the heat difference, which is the difference between the predicted value of exhaust heat and the exhaust heat.

[0062] In this embodiment, the larger the difference between the predicted and measured heat values ​​of the exhaust gas, the more drastic the change in the current operating conditions is. At this point, the measured heat value can no longer represent the future trend. If the measured value is still the main factor, control lag will occur. The predicted value can better reflect the real heat. Therefore, increasing the weight of the predicted exhaust gas heat value can allow the system to respond in advance, adjust ahead of time, and avoid large fluctuations in steam pressure.

[0063] The weighting coefficient corresponding to the predicted heat value of exhaust gas and the relevant formula for the heat difference are as follows: ; The weighting coefficients corresponding to the predicted heat values ​​of exhaust gas. This is the difference between the predicted value of the exhaust gas heat and the actual exhaust gas heat. n This is a non-linear adjustment coefficient, ranging from (1,2). B This is the baseline value for exhaust gas heat, determined based on the operating conditions of the fuel-fired generator set.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the heat difference is small, the weighting coefficient corresponding to the predicted heat value of the exhaust gas is small; when the heat difference is large, the weighting coefficient corresponding to the predicted heat value of the exhaust gas is large, and because... n When the value is greater than 1, the weighting coefficient increases slowly when the heat difference is small, and increases rapidly when the heat difference is large, which can meet the needs of advance regulation of actual waste heat power generation systems.

[0065] Corresponding to the fuel oil exhaust waste heat power generation method in the above embodiment, Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel oil exhaust waste heat power generation device according to an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts relevant to the embodiment of this application are shown. References Figure 3 The fuel oil exhaust gas waste heat power generation device 20 is applied to a waste heat power generation system, which includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats the water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive the power generation fan in the power generation unit to generate electricity. The fuel oil exhaust gas waste heat power generation device 20 includes: a primary control module 21, a secondary control module 22, and a tertiary control module 23. Among them, the first-level control module 21 is used to control the water supply flow of the water storage unit based on the water level to achieve safe power generation when the water level of the water storage unit is not within the preset water level range. The secondary control module 22 is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range. The three-level control module 23 is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas in order to achieve stable power generation when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, and the heat of the waste gas of the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, the fuel gas waste heat power generation device 20 further includes a first calculation module, which is used to adjust the water flow rate by measuring the water flow rate if the control amount of the water flow rate is determined by the liquid level. If the control quantity of the feedwater flow rate is determined by the steam pressure or the heat of the waste gas, then the adjustment of the feedwater flow rate shall be measured in proportion to the feedwater flow rate.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, the proportion of water supply flow rate is a first proportion or a second proportion, and the first proportion is greater than the second proportion; The first ratio is the adjustment ratio of the feedwater flow rate each time it is adjusted when the feedwater flow rate is determined by the steam pressure. The second ratio is the adjustment ratio of the water supply flow rate each time it is adjusted when the water supply flow rate is determined by the heat of the waste gas.

[0068] In one embodiment of this application, when the primary control module 21 controls the water supply flow rate of the water storage unit based on the liquid level, it is specifically used for: If the liquid level is lower than the low value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the liquid level and the low value of the liquid level. The water supply flow rate is then increased using the determined adjustment step size until the liquid level enters the liquid level range. If the liquid level is higher than the high value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the high value and the liquid level. The water supply flow rate is then reduced using the determined adjustment step size until the liquid level enters the liquid level range.

[0069] In one embodiment of this application, when the secondary control module 22 controls the feedwater flow rate based on steam pressure, it is specifically used for: If the steam pressure is lower than the lower pressure value of the pressure range, the feed water flow rate is increased using the preset first feed water flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range. If the steam pressure is higher than the high value of the pressure range, the feedwater flow rate is reduced using the first feedwater flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range.

[0070] In one embodiment of this application, the three-level control module 23, when controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas, is specifically used for: If the heat of the exhaust gas is less than the low value of the heat range, the water supply flow rate is increased by using the preset second water supply flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat of the exhaust gas enters the heat range. If the heat value of the exhaust gas is greater than the high value of the heat range, the water supply flow rate is reduced using the second water supply flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat value of the exhaust gas enters the heat range.

[0071] In one embodiment of this application, before controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas, the three-level control module 23 is further configured to: The operating parameters of the fuel-fired generator set are input into a pre-trained prediction model to predict the exhaust gas heat value for the next N hours; N is a preset value. The predicted value of exhaust gas heat is used to correct the exhaust gas heat and achieve early control.

[0072] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 The electronic device 300 in this embodiment may include one or more processors 301, one or more input devices 302, one or more output devices 303, and one or more memories 304. The processors 301, input devices 302, output devices 303, and memories 304 communicate with each other via a communication bus 305. The memories 304 store computer programs, including program instructions. The processors 301 execute the program instructions stored in the memories 304. Specifically, the processors 301 are configured to invoke the program instructions to perform the functions of the modules in the aforementioned device embodiments, for example... Figure 3 The functions of the first-level control module 21, the second-level control module 22, and the third-level control module 23 are shown.

[0073] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the processor 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU), but it may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0074] Input device 302 may include a touchpad, a fingerprint sensor (for collecting the user's fingerprint information and fingerprint orientation information), a microphone, etc., and output device 303 may include a display (LCD, etc.), a speaker, etc.

[0075] The memory 304 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 301. A portion of the memory 304 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 304 may also store device type information.

[0076] In specific implementations, the processor 301, input device 302, and output device 303 described in the embodiments of this application can execute the implementation method described in the fuel waste heat power generation method provided in the embodiments of this application, or they can execute the implementation method of the electronic device described in the embodiments of this application, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] In another embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. When executed by a processor, the program instructions implement all or part of the processes in the methods described above. Alternatively, the computer program can instruct related hardware to complete the process. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0078] The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., equipped on the electronic device. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the electronic devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces or units, or it may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0082] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.

[0083] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0084] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust gas, characterized in that, The method is applied to a waste heat power generation system, which includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats the water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive the power generation unit's generator fan to generate electricity. The method includes: If the liquid level of the water storage unit is not within the preset liquid level range, the water supply flow rate of the water storage unit is controlled based on the liquid level to achieve safe power generation. When the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the specified range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange. When the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the specified range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the specified range, and the heat of the exhaust gas from the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range, the water supply flow rate is controlled based on the heat of the exhaust gas to achieve stable power generation.

2. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust gas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the control quantity of the water supply flow rate is determined by the liquid level, then the adjustment of the water supply flow rate is measured in terms of the water supply flow rate. If the control amount of the water supply flow rate is determined by the steam pressure or the heat of the waste gas, then the adjustment of the water supply flow rate is measured in proportion to the water supply flow rate.

3. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The proportion of the water supply flow rate is either a first proportion or a second proportion, and the first proportion is greater than the second proportion; The first ratio is the adjustment ratio of the water supply flow rate each time it is adjusted when the water supply flow rate is determined by the steam pressure; The second ratio is the adjustment ratio of the water supply flow rate each time it is adjusted when the water supply flow rate is determined by the heat of the waste gas.

4. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Controlling the water supply flow rate of the water storage unit based on the liquid level includes: If the liquid level is less than the low value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the liquid level and the low value of the liquid level, and the water supply flow rate is increased using the determined adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate until the liquid level enters the liquid level range. If the liquid level is greater than the high value of the liquid level range, the adjustment step size of the water supply flow rate is determined based on the difference between the high value of the liquid level and the liquid level. The water supply flow rate is then reduced using the determined adjustment step size until the liquid level enters the liquid level range.

5. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Controlling the water supply flow rate based on the steam pressure includes: If the steam pressure is less than the lower pressure value of the pressure range, the water flow rate is increased using a preset first water flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range. If the steam pressure is greater than the high value of the pressure range, the water flow rate is reduced using the first water flow rate adjustment ratio until the steam pressure enters the pressure range.

6. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil exhaust gas as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas includes: If the heat of the exhaust gas is less than the low value of the heat range, the water flow rate is increased by using a preset second water flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat of the exhaust gas enters the heat range. If the heat value of the exhaust gas is greater than the high value of the heat range, the water flow rate is reduced using the second water flow rate adjustment ratio until the heat value of the exhaust gas enters the heat range.

7. The method for generating electricity from waste heat of fuel oil as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Before controlling the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas, the method further includes: The operating parameters of the fuel-fired generator set are input into a pre-trained prediction model to predict the exhaust gas heat value for the next N hours; N is a preset value. The predicted heat value of the exhaust gas is used to correct the heat value of the exhaust gas in order to achieve advance control.

8. A waste heat power generation device for fuel oil exhaust gas, characterized in that, This device is applied to a waste heat power generation system, which includes a gas transmission unit, a water storage unit, and a power generation unit. The gas transmission unit heats the water in the water storage unit by supplying fuel oil exhaust gas to generate steam. The steam is used to drive the power generation unit's generator fan to generate electricity. The device includes: A primary control module is used to control the water supply flow of the water storage unit based on the water level when the water level of the water storage unit is not within a preset water level range, so as to achieve safe power generation. The secondary control module is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the steam pressure to achieve sufficient heat exchange when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range and the steam pressure of the water storage unit is not within the preset pressure range. The three-level control module is used to control the water supply flow rate based on the heat of the waste gas in order to achieve stable power generation when the liquid level of the water storage unit is within the liquid level range, the steam pressure of the water storage unit is within the pressure range, and the heat of the waste gas of the gas transmission unit is not within the preset heat range.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images