Solar power plant operation and maintenance system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic and discloses a kind of solar power plant operation and maintenance system, the solar power plant operation and maintenance system includes support rail, walking mechanism and cleaning assembly, walking mechanism is located on support rail and can walk along support rail, cleaning assembly is located on walking mechanism, cleaning assembly includes multiple rolling brushes, walking mechanism can drive rolling brush and walk along at least one of photovoltaic panel and heat collection plate, to clean at least one of photovoltaic panel and heat collection plate, wherein, when rolling brush is multiple, a part of multiple rolling brushes is used to clean the lower side of photovoltaic panel, another part is used to clean the upper side of heat collection plate simultaneously.The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of the embodiment of the present application can realize the automatic cleaning of photovoltaic panel and heat collection plate in photovoltaic and heat collection component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaics, specifically relating to a solar power plant operation and maintenance system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules, also known as PVT collectors, consist of photovoltaic modules (usually semi-transparent) arranged on the upper layer and a reflector or solar collector arranged on the lower layer. During long-term outdoor operation, the top and bottom surfaces of the photovoltaic panels and the upper surface of the collector are inevitably affected by contaminants such as dust, sand, bird droppings, and salt spray, leading to a decrease in light transmittance, reflectivity, and heat absorption efficiency. Current cleaning and maintenance methods for photovoltaic modules mainly include manual cleaning, track-mounted cleaning robots, and spray or scraper cleaning devices. These solutions are mostly designed for single-layer photovoltaic arrays and often only clean the upper surface of the photovoltaic modules. Therefore, there is a need for equipment capable of cleaning photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a solar power plant operation and maintenance system that enables automated cleaning of photovoltaic panels and collectors in photovoltaic thermal modules.

[0004] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention includes a support rail, a walking mechanism, and a cleaning component. The walking mechanism is mounted on the support rail and can move along the support rail. The cleaning component is mounted on the walking mechanism and includes multiple roller brushes. The walking mechanism can drive the roller brushes to move along at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate to clean at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate. When there are multiple roller brushes, a portion of the multiple roller brushes is used to clean the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, and another portion is used to simultaneously clean the upper side of the collector plate.

[0005] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention, by incorporating a walking mechanism that can move on a support rail and carrying multiple roller brushes, can reach deep into the narrow gap between the photovoltaic panel and the collector panel, simultaneously completing the cleaning of the underside of the photovoltaic panel and the upper side of the collector panel in a single walk. This method not only significantly improves the cleaning coverage and operational efficiency of the double-layer photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules, but also avoids the problems of traditional cleaning methods that require disassembling the modules or blocking the main light path, thus helping to maintain the system's continuous and efficient power generation and heat collection.

[0006] In some embodiments, the roller brush includes a cylinder and a friction layer wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. The friction layer includes a variety of friction materials, which are distributed along the axial or circumferential direction of the roller brush.

[0007] In some embodiments, the interior of the cylinder has at least one receiving cavity for storing cleaning agent, and the side wall of the cylinder has a through outlet hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet holes are arranged in a plurality of spaced intervals along the axial direction of the roller brush.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly further includes a supply system comprising a storage unit and a pumping unit, the storage unit for storing the cleaning agent, and the pumping unit connected to the storage unit via a pipe for supplying the cleaning agent to the outer peripheral surface of the roller brush.

[0010] In some embodiments, there are two roller brushes with parallel axes. When the outer peripheral surface of one roller brush contacts the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, the outer peripheral surface of the other roller brush contacts the upper side of the heat collection panel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support rail includes multiple linear rails and multiple arc rails, with the ends of the multiple linear rails connected by the arc rails to form a circulating track, so that the roller brush can circulate between the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the walking mechanism includes a housing, at least two walking wheels, a walking drive component, and a posture adjustment structure. The walking wheels are connected to the housing, and the at least two walking wheels are respectively located on both sides of the support guide rail. The walking drive component is disposed inside the housing and is connected to the walking wheels to drive the walking wheels to rotate. The posture adjustment structure is disposed inside the housing and includes a rotatable rotary output shaft. The cleaning assembly is mounted on the rotary output shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly further includes a drive housing mounted on the rotary output shaft, the drive housing containing a rotary drive component, and the end of the roller brush connected to the rotary drive component so that the rotary drive component drives the roller brush to rotate about the axis of the roller brush.

[0014] In some embodiments, the solar power plant operation and maintenance system further includes a detection component and a control system. The detection component is used to detect the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel or the collector panel, the position and working status of the cleaning component, and the control system is connected to the detection component, the walking mechanism and the cleaning component, and is used to control the walking mechanism and the cleaning component based on the information fed back by the detection component.

[0015] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention uses a support rail and a walking mechanism to drive a specially designed roller brush deep into the gap between the double-layer panels, simultaneously cleaning the lower side of the photovoltaic panel and the upper side of the collector panel, thus solving the problem of cleaning in narrow spaces. Integrating multiple friction materials enables differentiated and efficient cleaning of different surfaces, significantly reducing the risk of damage and resource consumption. The closed-loop control system adaptively adjusts the cleaning strategy based on the degree of contamination, greatly improving the level of automation and operation and maintenance efficiency, and ensuring the long-term, efficient, and stable operation of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the entire invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the walking mechanism and the supporting guide rail of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the roller brush of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the roller brush of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the working sequence of the roller brush of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1. Support rails; 2. Walking mechanism; 21. Housing; 22. Walking wheels; 23. Rotary output shaft; 3. Cleaning components; 31. Roller brush; 311. Cylinder; 312. Friction layer; 313. Receiving cavity; 314. Liquid outlet; 32. Drive box. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention includes a support rail 1, a walking mechanism 2, and a cleaning component 3. The walking mechanism 2 is mounted on the support rail 1 and can walk along the support rail 1. The cleaning component 3 is mounted on the walking mechanism 2 and includes multiple roller brushes 31. The walking mechanism 2 can drive the roller brushes 31 to walk along at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate to clean at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate. When there are multiple roller brushes 31, a portion of the multiple roller brushes 31 is used to clean the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, and another portion is used to simultaneously clean the upper side of the collector plate.

[0025] The operation and maintenance system for a solar power station according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a traveling mechanism 2 capable of moving on a support guide rail 1 and a plurality of rolling brushes 31 carried by the traveling mechanism, so that the system can extend into the narrow gap between a photovoltaic panel and a heat collecting plate, and synchronously complete cleaning operations on the lower side surface of the photovoltaic panel and the upper side surface of the heat collecting plate during one traveling process. This method not only significantly improves the cleaning coverage and operation efficiency of the photovoltaic-photothermal integrated module with a double-layer structure, but also avoids the problem that traditional cleaning methods require disassembling the module or blocking the main optical path, which helps the system maintain continuous and efficient power generation and heat collection.

[0026] The operation and maintenance system for a solar power station according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to photovoltaic-photothermal integrated modules arranged in a double-layer manner. The upper layer is a photovoltaic panel for power generation; the lower layer is a heat collecting plate for absorbing solar heat energy. The double-layer modules are usually supported by a double-layer support, and a continuous operation gap with a certain height is reserved between the photovoltaic panel and the heat collecting plate. The diameter of the rolling brushes 31 can be designed according to the size of the gap.

[0027] The support guide rail 1 is fixedly installed on the ground or the double-layer support structure of the photovoltaic-photothermal integrated module, and is located on one side or two opposite sides of the photovoltaic-photothermal integrated module. The traveling mechanism 2 is arranged on the support guide rail 1, and the driving device thereof can drive traveling wheels 22 to move along the support guide rail 1. For example, the overall support guide rail 1 is in a "Japanese-shaped" structure or a series-connected structure of multiple "Japanese shapes", so that the rolling brushes 31 can form closed cleaning paths in both the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. This structure can ensure that the cleaning device completes reciprocating or circular cleaning without manual intervention, and avoids cleaning blind areas.

[0028] A cleaning assembly 3 is connected below the traveling mechanism 2 via a mounting bracket. In this embodiment, the cleaning assembly 3 includes a plurality of rolling brushes 31 arranged side by side. During installation, the spacing between the plurality of rolling brushes 31 can be adjusted, such that the outer peripheral surface of at least one rolling brush 31 can keep in contact with the lower side surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the outer peripheral surface of another rolling brush 31 keeps in contact with the upper side surface of the heat collecting plate.

[0029] When the traveling mechanism 2 moves along the support guide rail 1, the rolling brushes 31 can clean the upper side surface of the photovoltaic panel first, and then clean the lower side surface of the photovoltaic panel and the upper side surface of the heat collecting plate, that is, cleaning of three surfaces can be completed in only two trips. The support guide rail 1 can be laid along the entire photovoltaic-photothermal module array, so that the traveling mechanism 2 can drive the rolling brushes 31 to traverse the entire operation area and complete comprehensive cleaning. The embodiment of the present invention not only reduces the workload, but also solves the problem of inconvenient cleaning of the double-layer structure, and particularly can improve the heat collection effect of the heat collecting plate for the cleaning of the lower layer of the photovoltaic panels.

[0030] Furthermore, by arranging the entire system in a non-main optical path area of ​​the optical system, this invention avoids the problem of obstructing the incident light path caused by traditional track-mounted or suspended cleaning devices. This allows the light transmittance of the photovoltaic modules and the reflection efficiency of the reflectors to remain essentially stable during the cleaning process, reducing the impact of cleaning operations on the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panels and the heat collection performance of the solar collectors. Theoretical analysis shows that, under the same cleaning effect, the risk of surface wear per unit area can be reduced by more than 30%, which is beneficial to extending the service life of photovoltaic modules and reflectors.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the roller brush 31 can rotate, and the rotation of the roller brush 31 can achieve a scrubbing effect, especially for stubborn stains such as bird droppings, achieving thorough cleaning.

[0032] In some embodiments, the roller brush 31 includes a cylinder 311 and a friction layer 312 wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 311. The friction layer 312 includes a variety of friction materials, which are distributed along the axial or circumferential direction of the roller brush 31.

[0033] In this embodiment, multiple friction materials with different properties are integrated on the outer peripheral surface of the same roller brush 31. During the cleaning process, the corresponding friction material can be selected for contact brushing on different surfaces, thereby effectively removing contaminants while minimizing the risk of scratching the anti-reflective coating of photovoltaic glass or the heat absorption coating of the heat collector, achieving a balance between cleaning effect and surface protection.

[0034] The friction layer 312 can be configured with various friction materials according to the surface characteristics of the object being cleaned. For example, the roller brush 31 for cleaning photovoltaic panels uses soft polymer bristles or microfiber materials to avoid scratching the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The roller brush 31 for solar collectors uses bristles or composite brush layers with stronger wear resistance and a denser structure, making it suitable for the surface of the reflector or the heat-absorbing surface of the solar collector, thus balancing cleaning ability and surface protection.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, multiple friction materials can be alternately distributed along the circumference of the roller brush 31 to form a composite brush surface. When the roller brush 31 rotates, brush strips of different materials act sequentially on the surface being cleaned, comprehensively achieving different effects such as cleaning and polishing. The friction materials and the cylinder 311 can be fixed by means of bonding, fitting, or sleeve to ensure their reliability under high-speed rotation and continuous friction.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the roller brush 31 body adopts a modular splicing structure, which is composed of multiple independent brush segments combined along the axial direction. When a certain brush segment is worn or severely contaminated, the corresponding module can be replaced individually without disassembling the entire roller brush 31, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the roller brush 31 is cylindrical or cuboid in shape, and its length is adapted to the width direction of the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate.

[0038] In some embodiments, the interior of the cylinder 311 has at least one receiving cavity 313 for storing cleaning agent, and the side wall of the cylinder 311 is provided with through liquid outlet holes 314, which are arranged in multiple spaces along the axial direction of the roller brush 31.

[0039] In this embodiment, the roller brush 31 has one or more independent receiving cavities 313 inside, and a liquid outlet hole 314 is provided on the side wall to realize the supply of cleaning medium to the friction layer 312. When the roller brush 31 rotates and comes into contact with the surface to be cleaned, the cleaning agent stored in the receiving cavity 313 can directly seep out to the friction layer 312 or the target surface through the liquid outlet hole 314, and quickly wet and decompose the contaminants under the synergistic action of the brushing mechanical force. This method reduces the complex external pipeline layout, reduces the risk of system leakage, and at the same time, by precisely controlling the liquid outlet position and timing, significantly improves the utilization efficiency of the cleaning agent and reduces the overall consumption of the cleaning agent.

[0040] The cylinder 311 can be made of corrosion-resistant metal or engineering plastic, and its hollow structure forms one or more independent receiving cavities 313. Each receiving cavity 313 can be pre-filled with a special cleaning agent or deionized water suitable for a specific surface to be cleaned (such as photovoltaic glass or collector plate coating). In one embodiment, the receiving cavity 313 extends along the axial direction of the cylinder 311, and its volume can be designed according to the cleaning dosage required for a single cleaning operation. Multiple liquid outlet holes 314 are opened on the side wall of the cylinder 311 as channels for releasing the cleaning agent. These liquid outlet holes 314 can be evenly distributed or concentrated in specific areas according to cleaning needs. When the roller brush 31 is working, the cleaning agent in the cylinder 311 slowly and continuously seeps out from the liquid outlet holes 314 under the combined drive of centrifugal force, capillary action, or external micro-pressure, evenly wetting the friction layer 312. The wetted friction layer 312 then directly applies the cleaning agent to the surface to be cleaned, realizing the simultaneous brushing and liquid washing.

[0041] To further control the liquid discharge, the outlet hole 314 can be positioned upwards when liquid discharge is not needed and downwards when liquid discharge is required, achieving simple control. Alternatively, a micro-valve or a porous material plug with capillary permeability can be installed between the receiving cavity 313 and the outlet hole 314 to achieve on-demand, slow release, avoiding waste or excessive accumulation of cleaning agent.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, multiple accommodating cavities 313 are provided along the axial direction, and multiple friction layers 312 are also provided. Each accommodating cavity 313 corresponds to a friction material of a friction layer 312. An isolation ring can be provided between two adjacent friction layers 312 to avoid mutual interference of cleaning agents.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, a micro pump can be installed in the receiving cavity 313 and connected to the liquid outlet 314 through a pipe to achieve a quantitative supply of cleaning agent.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly 3 further includes a supply system, which includes a storage unit and a pumping unit. The storage unit is used to store cleaning agent, and the pumping unit is connected to the storage unit via a pipe. The pumping unit is used to supply cleaning agent to the outer peripheral surface of the roller brush 31.

[0045] In the solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention, the supply system can be a separate external component. The storage unit can be one or more liquid storage tanks, fixedly installed on the walking mechanism 2, the end of the support rail 1, or an adjacent system bracket. The liquid storage tank can store water, special cleaning fluid, or a mixture of both. A pumping unit, such as a micro peristaltic pump, gear pump, or diaphragm pump, is connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank via a pipeline. The output end of the pumping unit is connected to the cleaning assembly 3 via a flexible pipeline. The cleaning agent can be delivered to or near the outer peripheral surface of the roller brush 31 or replenished into the receiving cavity 313. The operation of the pumping unit is started, stopped, and the flow rate is adjusted by the control system according to a preset program or sensor feedback. This allows for the supply of different cleaning agents or different cleaning dosages to meet the different cleaning needs of photovoltaic panels and collectors. For example, the cleaning fluid dosage can be automatically increased in areas with frequent sandstorms, and the liquid release can be reduced under light pollution or nighttime maintenance conditions, thereby reducing resource consumption while ensuring cleaning effectiveness. Water consumption per unit area can be reduced by approximately 20%–50%, while also reducing cross-contamination of cleaning fluid between different surfaces, making it more suitable for long-term application in arid, low-water, or high-dust areas. In some embodiments, there are two roller brushes 31 with parallel axes. When the outer peripheral surface of one roller brush 31 contacts the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, the outer peripheral surface of the other roller brush 31 contacts the upper side of the heat collector panel.

[0046] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention enables the simultaneous cleaning of two key light-receiving surfaces of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated module in a single walking operation. This improves operation and maintenance efficiency, avoids excessive interference with the system, and the coordinated action of the two roller brushes 31 helps maintain the force balance and operational stability of the walking mechanism 2.

[0047] For details, please see the appendix. Figure 5 The location is described below with reference to the attached map. Figure 5The orientation shown is for reference. The two roller brushes 31 are used to clean the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate, respectively, and for ease of description, they will be named the first roller brush 31 and the second roller brush 31. Initially, the two roller brushes are vertically positioned, with the first roller brush 31 in contact with the photovoltaic panel and the second roller brush 31 positioned above. The two roller brushes 31 move synchronously from right to left, cleaning the upper side of the photovoltaic panel. At this point, the two roller brushes 31 move to the left side of the photovoltaic panel, and then move downwards to the gap area between the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate (see Appendix). Figure 5 c, At this point, the positions of the two roller brushes 31 are switched, that is, the first roller brush 31 is on top and continues to clean the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, while the second roller brush 31 cleans the heat collector plate. Then the two roller brushes 31 move synchronously from left to right to clean the lower side of the photovoltaic panel and the upper side of the heat collector plate.

[0048] After completion, the two roller brushes 31 move to the rightmost end of the photovoltaic panel and the collector plate. At this time, the two roller brushes 31 move upward synchronously and switch positions again to return to the initial state.

[0049] By following the cleaning steps described above, a complete cleaning cycle can be completed.

[0050] In some embodiments, the support rail 1 includes multiple linear rails and multiple arc rails. The ends of the multiple linear rails are connected by the arc rails to form a circulating track, so that the roller brush 31 can circulate between the photovoltaic panel and the heat collector.

[0051] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention combines linear guide rails and circular guide rails to form a closed loop track, enabling the traveling mechanism 2, equipped with the roller brush 31, to operate continuously and without interruption on this track. This design breaks the limitations of traditional reciprocating cleaning paths, allowing the cleaning component 3 to smoothly turn via the circular guide rail and enter the next linear track after completing cleaning in one direction, thus achieving continuous and sequential operation on different areas or different arrangement directions of the photovoltaic panel array.

[0052] Specifically, the support rail 1 can be flexibly designed according to the actual layout of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated module. For example, for a multi-row module array, the support rail 1 can be arranged in a large rectangular closed loop along both sides of the array to achieve cleaning of multiple modules at once. The linear guide rail section of the support rail 1 can be appropriately supported by outriggers to ensure stability. The radius of curvature of the arc guide rail needs to be designed to ensure that the traveling mechanism 2 and its carried cleaning components 3 can pass smoothly and safely without jamming or interference. Alternatively, it can form more layers of tracks, or form "H", "S", "L", etc. The arc guide rail and the linear guide rail can be integrally formed, or a reliable mechanical connection can be used, such as flange connection, embedded snap-fit, etc., and the rail surface should be smoothly transitioned to reduce vibration when the traveling wheel 22 passes. For long-distance guide rail systems, thermal expansion compensation joints can also be set in the linear guide rail section to absorb the length change caused by temperature changes and ensure the geometric stability of the circulating track.

[0053] In some embodiments, the walking mechanism 2 includes a housing 21, at least two walking wheels 22, a walking drive component, and an attitude adjustment structure. The walking wheels 22 are connected to the housing 21, and the at least two walking wheels 22 are respectively located on both sides of the support guide rail 1. The walking drive component is disposed inside the housing 21 and is connected to the walking wheels 22 to drive the walking wheels 22 to rotate. The attitude adjustment structure is disposed inside the housing 21 and includes a rotatable rotary output shaft 23. The cleaning component 3 is mounted on the rotary output shaft 23.

[0054] In this embodiment, the entire cleaning assembly 3 can be rotated and adjusted relative to the walking mechanism 2. This design enables the adjustment of the positions of multiple roller brushes 31, allowing for free selection of the roller brushes 31.

[0055] The housing 21 of the walking mechanism 2 serves as the main load-bearing structure, housing the drive and control components. At least two walking wheels 22, typically arranged in pairs, clamp or roll against specific rail surfaces of the supporting guide rail 1 from both sides (e.g., the inner side of a U-shaped guide rail or the flange of a T-shaped guide rail). This double-sided constraint ensures the stability of the walking mechanism 2's movement along the guide rail and allows it to withstand certain lateral forces. The walking drive components, such as servo motors or stepper motors with reducers, are installed within the housing 21. Their output directly drives one or more walking wheels 22 to rotate via gears, synchronous belts, or couplings, thus providing walking power. The attitude adjustment structure is one of the key features of the walking mechanism 2, its core being a controllable rotating output shaft 23. The rotating output shaft 23 extends out of the housing 21 and connects to the cleaning assembly 3. The rotating output shaft 23 can be driven by another drive unit independently installed within the housing 21 (e.g., another motor with a worm gear or gear set). Through control system commands, the drive device can precisely control the rotating output shaft 23 to drive the cleaning assembly 3 suspended below it to rotate around the axis by a certain angle, that is, the revolution of multiple roller brushes 31, so as to adjust the positional relationship between multiple roller brushes 31.

[0056] In some embodiments, the cleaning assembly 3 further includes a drive housing 32, which is mounted on the rotary output shaft 23. The drive housing 32 is provided with a rotary drive component, and the end of the roller brush 31 is connected to the rotary drive component so that the rotary drive component drives the roller brush 31 to rotate around the axis of the roller brush 31.

[0057] In this embodiment, the rotary drive component that drives the roller brush 31 to rotate is integrated into a separate drive box 32, and the drive box 32 is directly mounted on the rotary output shaft 23 of the walking mechanism 2, realizing the revolution of multiple roller brushes 31 and the rotation of a single roller brush 31. This design ensures that the high-speed rotation of the roller brush 31 does not interfere with the movement and attitude adjustment of the walking mechanism 2, thereby meeting various cleaning needs.

[0058] The drive housing 32 is a rigid and well-sealed shell 21, whose top is fixedly connected to the rotary output shaft 23 of the attitude adjustment structure via a flange or keyway. Therefore, when the rotary output shaft 23 is driven to rotate, the entire drive housing 32, along with all its internal components, rotates together, adjusting the overall attitude of the cleaning assembly 3, i.e., the revolution of the multiple roller brushes 31. The drive housing 32 houses a rotary drive component, which typically includes a motor (such as a brushless DC motor) and a reduction gear connected to the motor's output shaft. The low-speed output shaft of the reduction gear is coaxially connected to the end shaft of the roller brushes 31 extending into the drive housing 32 via a coupling or transmission sleeve. Thus, when the motor is powered on, its power, after being reduced and amplified, is ultimately transmitted to the roller brushes 31, driving them to rotate at high speed around their own axis.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, elastic elements or micro-pressure adjustment mechanisms, such as springs, elastic telescopic rods, or electric telescopic rod structures, can be provided between the two ends of the roller brush 31 and the rotary drive component. This allows the roller brush 31 to maintain stable and uniform contact pressure even when encountering minor height differences in components, bracket installation errors, or thermal deformation, preventing damage to the glass or reflective layer caused by localized overpressure. Based on the design of this embodiment, the rotation speed, travel speed, and contact pressure of the roller brush 31 can be independently adjusted to adapt to different levels of contamination and surface characteristics. Simultaneously, under the command of the control system, the traveling mechanism 2 achieves the following movement modes along the guide rail: unidirectional reciprocating cleaning; closed-loop continuous cleaning; and zoned fixed-point cleaning.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, two support rails 1 are provided, each with a traveling mechanism 2. Both ends of the roller brush 31 are equipped with drive boxes 32, and the rotation drive components of the two drive boxes 32 are respectively connected to both ends of the roller brush 31. This achieves support at both ends of the roller brush 31, ensuring the stability of the entire cleaning assembly 3.

[0061] In some embodiments, the solar power plant operation and maintenance system further includes a detection component and a control system. The detection component is used to detect the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel or collector panel, the position and working status of the cleaning component 3, and the control system is connected to the detection component, the walking mechanism 2 and the cleaning component 3, and is used to control the walking mechanism 2 and the cleaning component 3 based on the information fed back by the detection component.

[0062] The solar power plant operation and maintenance system of this invention achieves intelligent cleaning through a detection component and a control system. The detection component can acquire multi-dimensional information in real time, such as the degree of contamination on the surface being cleaned, the precise location of the cleaning device itself, and the operating status of key components (e.g., the rotation speed of the roller brush and the drive current). Based on this real-time data, the control system dynamically adjusts the cleaning strategy, such as automatically switching the cleaning mode according to the severity of the contamination, planning the optimal path, or activating protection procedures when a fault is detected.

[0063] Specifically, the detection components can include various sensors arranged in a reasonable manner. For example, sensors used to detect the surface cleanliness status can be optical sensors (such as cameras with image analysis algorithms, or photoelectric diffuse reflection sensors) mounted on the walking mechanism 2 or cleaning component 3, which determine the degree of contamination by detecting the intensity of reflected light or image features on the surface. Alternatively, they can be contaminant monitoring probes installed near the roller brush 31. Position sensors used to detect the position of the cleaning component 3 can be coded strips or RFID tags laid along the support rail 1, working in conjunction with a reader on the walking mechanism 2 to achieve absolute position positioning. Relative positioning can also be achieved by accumulating the stroke through the encoder of the walking drive motor. Operating status detection can include detecting the speed, angle, current, and temperature of the roller brush 31's rotating drive component, as well as the load current and speed of the walking drive component, and the remaining cleaning agent level. The control system typically includes a main controller (such as a PLC or industrial computer) that receives signals from all sensors via wired or wireless means.

[0064] The controller has various cleaning programs and decision logic pre-set or downloaded to a host computer. For example, when the optical sensor detects that the contamination level in a certain area exceeds the threshold, the control system can instruct the walking mechanism 2 to reduce its walking speed in that area, while increasing the rotation speed of the roller brush 31 and increasing the supply of cleaning agent to execute a focused cleaning mode.

[0065] For example, when the position sensor detects that the roller brush 31 has reached the edge of the photovoltaic panel, the control system can automatically trigger the attitude adjustment structure to rotate the cleaning component 3, in preparation for turning or entering the next cleaning area.

[0066] In some specific embodiments, the entire system is powered by photovoltaics, supplemented by battery power or an external low-voltage DC power supply.

[0067] In some specific embodiments, the control system can realize cleaning path planning, automatic switching of brush areas, intelligent addition of cleaning fluid, fault detection and protection shutdown, etc.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the control system includes a multi-mode cleaning strategy: a routine maintenance mode (low speed, low liquid volume, periodic operation); a heavy contamination mode (high speed, multiple reciprocating strokes, enhanced scrubbing); and a rapid inspection cleaning mode (cleaning only critical areas of the photovoltaic modules). In different modes, the roller brush speed, travel speed, cleaning liquid type, and release volume can all be independently set.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, the control system may adopt a hierarchical control architecture, with the local controller responsible for basic operating logic and the upper-level system used for parameter setting. When abnormal resistance, brush jamming, or insufficient cleaning fluid is detected, the system can automatically decelerate, pause, or retract to a safe position to prevent equipment damage.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0075] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar power plant operation and maintenance system, characterized in that, include: Support rail (1); The walking mechanism (2) is mounted on the support rail (1) and can travel along the support rail (1); Cleaning component (3), the cleaning component (3) is disposed on the walking mechanism (2), the cleaning component (3) includes two roller brushes (31), the walking mechanism (2) can drive the roller brushes (31) to walk along at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate to clean at least one of the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate; The axes of the two roller brushes (31) are parallel, and when the outer peripheral surface of one of the roller brushes (31) contacts the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, the outer peripheral surface of the other roller brush (31) contacts the upper side of the heat collection panel. The support rail (1) includes multiple linear rails and multiple arc rails. The ends of the multiple linear rails are connected through the arc rails to form a circulating track, so that the roller brush (31) can circulate between the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate.

2. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller brush (31) includes a cylinder (311) and a friction layer (312) wrapped around the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder (311). The friction layer (312) includes a variety of friction materials, which are distributed along the axial or circumferential direction of the roller brush (31).

3. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interior of the cylinder (311) has at least one receiving cavity (313) for storing cleaning agent, and the side wall of the cylinder (311) is provided with a through outlet hole (314).

4. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid outlet holes (314) are arranged in multiple intervals along the axial direction of the roller brush (31).

5. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (3) also includes a supply system, which includes a storage unit and a pumping unit. The storage unit is used to store cleaning agent, and the pumping unit is connected to the storage unit via a pipe. The pumping unit is used to supply the cleaning agent to the outer peripheral surface of the roller brush (31).

6. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking mechanism (2) includes: Shell (21); At least two walking wheels (22) are connected to the housing (21), and the at least two walking wheels (22) are located on both sides of the support rail (1); A walking drive component is disposed inside the housing (21) and is connected to the walking wheel (22) to drive the walking wheel (22) to rotate; An attitude adjustment structure is provided inside the housing (21). The attitude adjustment structure includes a rotatable rotary output shaft (23), and the cleaning assembly (3) is mounted on the rotary output shaft (23).

7. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (3) also includes a drive box (32), which is mounted on the rotary output shaft (23) and has a rotary drive component inside. The end of the roller brush (31) is connected to the rotary drive component so that the rotary drive component drives the roller brush (31) to rotate about the axis of the roller brush (31).

8. The solar power plant operation and maintenance system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Also includes: The detection component is used to detect the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel or the collector plate, the position and working status of the cleaning component (3); The control system is connected to the detection component, the walking mechanism (2) and the cleaning component (3), and is used to control the walking mechanism (2) and the cleaning component (3) according to the information fed back by the detection component.

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