Lunar lunar dust environment filter performance testing device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of lunar lunar dust environment filter performance testing device, including vertical circulating gas loop assembly, filter test assembly and gas processing assembly, by constructing closed circulating gas channel and combining negative pressure regulation, realize the stable simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow under lunar dust environment.Device is set in the measuring cavity lunar dust sprinkling assembly and filter to be measured, realize the uniform release of lunar dust by vibration sprinkling mode, and improve airflow distribution uniformity in combination with diffusion structure;At the same time, by using multi-point sampling and particle detection means, the accurate comparison of particle concentration and particle size before and after filtration is realized.Gas processing assembly can purify, temperature control and flow regulation to circulating gas, and provide adjustable negative pressure environment.Compared with prior art, the application can simulate the lunar dust environment under the low pressure, low pollution diffusion characteristics of the moon, significantly improve the stability, repeatability and measurement accuracy of test, provide reliable experimental means for performance evaluation of lunar equipment filtration system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of lunar dust testing technology, specifically relating to a lunar dust environment filter performance testing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of deep space exploration, human development and utilization of the Moon and other extraterrestrial bodies is gradually transitioning from scientific exploration to engineering applications. Driven by the needs of manned lunar landings, lunar base construction, and long-term stays, lunar environmental adaptability technology has become a key research focus. Among numerous environmental factors, lunar dust is considered a crucial factor affecting the reliability of lunar equipment and the safety of astronauts. Lunar dust is characterized by its small particle size, irregular shape, large specific surface area, and strong adhesion and abrasiveness. In the low gravity and near-vacuum environment of the Moon, it is easily disturbed and suspended in localized spaces for extended periods. This not only causes severe wear on moving mechanical parts but can also enter sealed systems, electronic equipment, and life support systems, adversely affecting system operation. Especially in manned modules or enclosed spaces, the filtration devices in the air circulation system play a vital role in removing suspended particles and ensuring air cleanliness; their performance directly impacts personnel health and equipment reliability. Therefore, establishing experimental methods under terrestrial conditions that can simulate the lunar dust environment and accurately evaluate filter performance has significant engineering implications and practical value.

[0003] However, due to significant differences between the lunar and Earth environments in terms of air pressure, gravity, and gas composition, traditional devices and methods used for testing terrestrial air filters are difficult to directly apply to performance evaluation under lunar dust conditions. Current common filtration performance tests are typically based on atmospheric pressure air environments, generating particulate matter using standard dust or aerosol generators and conducting tests in horizontal or simple pipe structures. These methods deviate significantly from the actual lunar environment in terms of airflow organization, particle distribution uniformity, and particle settling behavior. Furthermore, existing testing systems often employ unidirectional airflow structures, lacking effective circulation control mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve long-term stable operation and multi-condition adjustment. They also have limited capabilities in simulating low-pressure or negative-pressure environments, failing to accurately reflect the transport characteristics of lunar dust in rarefied gases. On the other hand, particle release typically relies on gravity or simple airflow, making it difficult to ensure uniform dust distribution within the test area, easily leading to localized high or low concentrations, thus affecting the accuracy and repeatability of test results. Meanwhile, existing systems also have shortcomings in measurement methods. Most only detect particle concentration at a single point or a limited number of locations, lacking the ability to conduct detailed comparative analysis of particle size distribution and concentration changes before and after filtration, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the true performance of the filter in complex particulate environments. Furthermore, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure have a significant impact on particle behavior and filtration efficiency, but existing devices often lack precise control and real-time monitoring of these parameters, making it difficult to standardize experimental conditions and further reducing the comparability and engineering reference value of test results. Moreover, in tests involving dust recycling, the lack of effective gas purification and regulation methods can easily lead to secondary pollution or particle accumulation within the system, affecting not only experimental accuracy but also potentially damaging the equipment itself.

[0004] Therefore, how to construct a comprehensive testing system that can take into account low-pressure environment simulation, stable airflow organization, uniform dust distribution, and accurate measurement of multiple parameters under ground conditions has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One objective of this application is to provide a filter performance testing device for a lunar dust environment. By establishing a closed-loop gas circulation path and combining gas purification and flow regulation, the device achieves uniform distribution and stable suspension of lunar dust within the measurement area. Simultaneously, it monitors key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and micro-pressure in real time. Through multi-point sampling and particle counting, it accurately evaluates the filter's filtration efficiency and particle size retention capacity. This solves the problems of unstable test results, uneven particle distribution, uncontrollable environmental parameters, and incomplete evaluation of filtration performance in existing technologies. It provides a high-precision, highly repeatable, and highly controllable experimental method for the reliability verification of lunar equipment filtration systems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a performance testing device for lunar dust environment filters, comprising: A vertical circulating gas circuit assembly, comprising an upper gas circulation pipe and a lower gas circulation pipe arranged opposite to each other, for forming a gas flow channel; A filter testing assembly is connected to one end of the vertical circulating gas loop assembly; the filter testing assembly includes a measuring chamber and an upper and lower reducer pipe respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the measuring chamber, and a filter sub-assembly to be tested is disposed inside the measuring chamber; A gas treatment component is connected to the other end of the vertical circulating gas loop assembly; the gas treatment component is used to adjust the cleanliness and flow state of the circulating gas and to provide an adjustable negative pressure to the loop.

[0007] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the filter sub-assembly to be tested includes a moon dust spraying assembly and a filter to be tested respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the measuring chamber. A diffuser is also disposed above the moon dust spraying assembly to evenly distribute the gas in the upper gas circulation pipe.

[0008] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the lunar dust spraying assembly includes a lunar dust box and a vibrating spraying component disposed above the lunar dust box; the vibrating spraying component includes a connecting plate and guide bushings and a driving component respectively fixedly disposed at both ends of the connecting plate; each guide bushing is fixedly fitted with a moving component, and the bottom end of each moving component is fixedly connected to the lunar dust box.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the guide bushing is provided with a connecting hole and a positioning hole on both sides, and the moving part is slidably connected to the driving part through the connecting hole; the moving part includes a moving column and a spring fixedly disposed above the moving column, and a limiting column is disposed on one side of the moving column through the positioning hole to limit the moving column.

[0010] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the driving component includes a connecting rod, ratchet wheels sleeved on both sides of the connecting rod, and a vibration motor fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod. The ratchet wheels are provided with protrusions, and the ratchet wheels abut against the top of the moving column through the protrusions. A fixing member is also provided between the ratchet wheels on both sides of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod passes through the fixing member and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0011] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the lunar dust box is provided with a cavity for storing lunar dust, and a sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the lunar dust box, with a plurality of through holes provided on the sieve plate.

[0012] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the upper gas circulation pipe is connected to the upper end of the filter testing component. The upper gas circulation pipe includes an upper gas inlet end and an upper gas outlet end. The gas outlet end is connected to an upper reducer pipe, and the gas inlet end is connected to one end of the gas processing component. The lower gas circulation pipe is connected to the lower end of the filter testing component. The lower gas circulation pipe includes a lower gas inlet end and a lower gas outlet end. The lower gas inlet end is connected to a lower reducer pipe, and the gas outlet end is connected to the other end of the gas processing component. It is used to send the tested gas into the gas processing component for purification and regulation.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of this application, a pre-filtration sampling tube and a post-filtration sampling tube are respectively provided on both sides of the filter to be tested. One end of the pre-filtration sampling tube and the post-filtration sampling tube are connected to a laser dust particle calculator to count the amount and particle size of monthly dust before and after filtration by the filter to be tested. The other end of the pre-filtration sampling tube and the post-filtration sampling tube are provided with a bending structure opposite to the gas flow direction.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of this application, a temperature and humidity measurement interface and a pressure measurement interface are sequentially provided on the top outer side of the measuring cavity for measuring the temperature, humidity and pressure inside the measuring cavity; a micro-pressure measurement interface is provided on the bottom outer side of the measuring cavity and on both sides of the filter to be tested.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of this application, the gas treatment assembly includes a high-efficiency air filter, a gas regulating component, a circulating fan, and an extraction component; the gas regulating component includes a heat exchanger and an orifice plate flow meter; the high-efficiency air filter is disposed in the lower gas circulation pipe, the lower gas outlet end is connected to one end of the circulating fan, and the heat exchanger is disposed between the circulating fan and the high-efficiency air filter; the orifice plate flow meter is disposed inside the upper gas inlet end of the upper gas circulation pipe, and the upper gas inlet end is connected to the other end of the circulating fan; A gas distribution port is provided at the lower gas outlet end, the gas distribution port is located below the circulating fan, and the gas distribution port is connected to the air extraction assembly; The gas extraction assembly is located outside the lower gas outlet end of the lower gas circulation pipe. The gas extraction assembly includes a gas extraction valve, a gas extraction pipe, and a vacuum pump component. One end of the gas extraction valve is connected to the gas distribution port, and the other end is connected to the gas extraction pipe. The vacuum pump component includes a pump port butterfly valve, a bellows, and a screw vacuum pump. The gas extraction pipe is connected to the bellows, and the bellows is connected to the screw vacuum pump. The pump port butterfly valve is located outside the bellows.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above-described solutions of this application have at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device provided in this application significantly improves the stability and accuracy of the testing system by simulating lunar dust testing under low-pressure conditions. The design of the vertical circulating gas loop component creates a stable gas flow channel, allowing the filter to be tested under airflow conditions close to the real lunar environment. Furthermore, the system, combined with the gas treatment component, precisely controls gas cleanliness, flow state, and temperature and humidity, effectively reproducing the gas-solid two-phase flow state of lunar dust and avoiding result deviations caused by uneven airflow or fluctuations in environmental parameters in conventional testing. This design not only improves the reliability of the test but also ensures high repeatability of the test data, providing a scientific and efficient means for evaluating the filter performance of lunar surface equipment.

[0017] (2) The technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of uneven release of lunar dust particles by setting a lunar dust spraying component in the measuring chamber and combining it with a vibration spraying method. Traditional testing systems often result in inaccurate test data due to uneven release of lunar dust. However, the diffuser and vibration spraying method used in this application ensure uniform distribution of lunar dust particles in the test area, thereby improving the representativeness and reliability of the test results. Through this design, the particle concentration and particle size distribution of lunar dust can be monitored in real time at multiple points, further improving the accuracy of the test and the ability to evaluate from multiple angles, providing a strong technical guarantee for the comprehensive evaluation of the performance of lunar dust filters. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application; Figure 2 This is a front view of the lunar dust spraying component in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of the lunar dust spraying component in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application; Figure 4 This is a right view of the lunar dust spraying component in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of the lunar dust spraying component in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gas distribution system in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application.

[0019] in: 1. Lower gas circulation pipe; 2. Upper gas circulation pipe; 3. Lunar dust spraying assembly; 4. Filter to be tested; 5. Sampling tube before filtration; 6. Sampling tube after filtration; 7. Upper reducer; 8. Lower reducer; 9. Temperature and humidity measurement interface; 10. Micro-pressure measurement interface; 11. Pressure measurement interface; 12. Circulating fan; 13. Orifice plate flow meter; 14. Exhaust valve; 15. Exhaust pipe; 16. Bellows; 17. Pump port butterfly valve; 18. Screw vacuum pump; 19. High-efficiency air filter; 20. Gas distribution port; 21. Heat exchanger; 22. Vibration motor; 23. Guide bushing; 24. Lunar dust box; 25. Moving part; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Connecting rod; 28. Fixing part; 29. ​​Ratchet; 30. Connecting hole; 31. Spring; 32. Protrusion; 33. Moving column; 34. Limiting column. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 Detailed description of optional embodiments of this application: See Figure 1-5 This embodiment discloses a lunar dust environment filter performance testing device, which has a complete structural design and can accurately simulate the impact of dust in the lunar environment on filter performance.

[0023] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes a vertical circulating gas circuit assembly, which consists of an upper gas circulation pipe 2 and a lower gas circulation pipe 1 arranged opposite to each other, forming gas flow channels to achieve stable delivery and pressure regulation of circulating gas.

[0024] As an optional embodiment, one end of the vertical circulating gas loop assembly is connected to the filter testing assembly. The filter testing assembly is provided with a measuring chamber, the top of which is connected to the upper reducer 7 and the bottom of which is connected to the lower reducer 8. The measuring chamber is provided with a filter sub-assembly to be tested, which includes a lunar dust spraying assembly 3 and a filter to be tested 4. A diffuser is provided above the lunar dust spraying assembly 3 to evenly distribute the gas in the upper gas circulation pipe 2, so as to ensure the uniform distribution of lunar dust in the measuring chamber, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0025] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2-5 As shown, the lunar dust spraying assembly 3 includes a lunar dust box 24 and a vibrating spraying component disposed above the lunar dust box 24. The vibrating spraying component includes a connecting plate 26 and guide bushings 23 and a driving component respectively fixed at both ends of the connecting plate 26. A fixed moving component 25 is sleeved inside the guide bushing 23. The bottom end of the moving component 25 is fixedly connected to the lunar dust box 24 and can release lunar dust evenly downward under vibration drive.

[0026] As an optional embodiment, the guide bushing 23 is provided with a connecting hole 30 and a positioning hole on both sides respectively. The moving part 25 is connected to the driving part through the connecting hole 30. The moving part 25 includes a moving column 33 and a spring 31 fixedly disposed above the moving column 33. The limiting column 34 is disposed on one side of the moving column 33 and the positioning hole is used to limit the moving column 33, so as to ensure that the stroke of the moving part 25 is controlled during the vibration release process.

[0027] As an optional embodiment, the driving component includes a connecting rod 27, ratchet 29 sleeved on both sides of the connecting rod 27, and a vibration motor 22 fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 27. The ratchet 29 is provided with a protrusion 32 for abutting against the top of the moving column 33, thereby transmitting the power of the vibration motor 22 to the moving component 25 to achieve uniform spraying of lunar dust in the lunar dust box 24.

[0028] As an optional embodiment, a fixing member 28 is also provided between the ratchet 29 on both sides of the connecting rod 27. The connecting rod 27 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 26 through the fixing member 28 to form a complete and stable vibration mechanism.

[0029] As an optional embodiment, the lunar dust box 24 is provided with a cavity for storing lunar dust, and a sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the box. The sieve plate has multiple through holes with a precision-designed diameter to ensure that the lunar dust can fall smoothly without clogging.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, the lower gas circulation pipe 1 is connected to the lower end of the filter test assembly, including a lower gas inlet end and a lower gas outlet end. The lower gas inlet end is connected to the lower reducer 8, and the lower gas outlet end is connected to the gas processing assembly, which is used to send the tested gas into the gas processing assembly for purification and regulation.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, the upper gas circulation pipe 2 is connected to the upper end of the filter test component, including an upper gas inlet end and an upper gas outlet end. The upper gas outlet end is connected to the upper reducer pipe 7, and the upper gas inlet end is connected to one end of the gas processing component to realize the circulation flow of gas.

[0032] As an optional embodiment, in order to accurately monitor the gas flow state and environmental conditions, a temperature and humidity measurement interface 9 and a pressure measurement interface 11 are sequentially arranged on the top of the outer side of the measurement chamber for measuring the temperature, humidity and pressure inside the measurement chamber; a micro pressure measurement interface 10 is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the measurement chamber and on both sides of the filter under test 4 to monitor the pressure change before and after filtration.

[0033] As an optional embodiment, the filter under test 4 is provided with a sampling tube 5 before filtration and a sampling tube 6 after filtration on both sides. One end of the sampling tube is connected to a laser dust particle calculator to count the amount and particle size of dust before and after filtration. The other end adopts a bent structure design opposite to the gas flow direction to ensure accurate and reliable sampling.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, the gas treatment assembly includes a high-efficiency air filter 19, a gas conditioning component, a circulating fan 12, and an extraction component. The gas conditioning component includes a heat exchanger 21 and an orifice flow meter 13. The high-efficiency air filter 19 is installed in the lower gas circulation pipe 1, and the lower gas outlet end is connected to one end of the circulating fan 12. The heat exchanger 21 is installed between the circulating fan 12 and the high-efficiency air filter 19 to regulate the gas temperature. The orifice flow meter 13 is installed in the upper gas inlet end of the upper gas circulation pipe 2, and the upper gas inlet end is connected to the other end of the circulating fan 12 to realize flow monitoring.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, a gas distribution port 20 is provided at the lower gas outlet end. The gas distribution port 20 is located below the circulating fan 12 and is connected to the gas extraction assembly. The gas extraction assembly includes a gas extraction valve 14, a gas extraction pipe 15, and a vacuum pump component. The vacuum pump component includes a pump port butterfly valve 17, a bellows pipe 16, and a screw vacuum pump 18. One end of the gas extraction valve 14 is connected to the gas distribution port 20, and the other end is connected to the gas extraction pipe 15. The gas extraction pipe 15 is connected to the bellows pipe 16, and the bellows pipe 16 is connected to the screw vacuum pump 18. The pump port butterfly valve 17 is located on the outside of the bellows pipe 16. Through this system, an adjustable negative pressure can be provided for the vertical circulating gas circuit to ensure stable and controllable gas circulation.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device of this application also includes an air distribution system, wherein... Figure 6 The middle container is the entire vertical circulation pipeline in the lunar dust environment filter performance testing device, excluding the air extraction component. Figure 6 The suction valve in the pump assembly is the suction valve 14, while the butterfly valve is the pump port butterfly valve 17 in the pump assembly, and the screw dry pump is the screw vacuum pump 18.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the gas distribution system includes a vent valve, a thin-film vacuum gauge, a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, a steam generator, an inflation valve, and a humidification valve. The thin-film vacuum gauge is connected to a pressure measurement interface. One end of the inflation valve is connected to the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, and the other end is connected to the inflation port. One end of the humidification valve is connected to the steam generator, and the other end is connected to the humidification port. One end of the vent valve is connected to the external atmospheric environment, and the other end is connected to the vent port. The inflation port, humidification port, and vent port can all be located anywhere around the gas distribution port 20, but all three ports must be located between the circulating fan and the heat exchanger.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, after the pressure is reduced by the evacuation assembly, the pressure inside the device can be adjusted by introducing dry, high-purity nitrogen into the container through the filling valve via a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder connected to the filling port; the venting valve is used to restore the pressure inside the container to atmospheric pressure; the steam generator can inject water vapor into the container through the humidification valve to increase the humidity of the gas inside the container; when it is necessary to reduce the humidity inside the container, the high-humidity gas inside the container is first removed by a screw dry pump, and the humidity inside the container is reduced by replenishing dry nitrogen.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the working process of this embodiment is centered on a lunar dust environment filter performance testing device. Through multiple stages including manual loading of lunar dust, precise air extraction, airflow circulation, lunar dust purging, filtration, and monitoring, it comprehensively simulates the effect of lunar dust on air filters in the lunar surface environment. The entire process follows a rigorous scientific experimental sequence to ensure that the experimental data are reliable, repeatable, and accurately reflect the filter's performance in the lunar environment.

[0040] First, before the experiment begins, the operator needs to prepare the lunar dust for testing. Lunar dust has extremely fine particle size and strong adhesion; therefore, it needs to be homogenized before loading to prevent particle agglomeration from affecting subsequent testing accuracy. The operator manually loads the prepared lunar dust into the lunar dust box 24 of the lunar dust spraying assembly 3. The bottom of the lunar dust box 24 is equipped with a porous sieve plate with fine holes, ensuring that the lunar dust can only be sprayed under the drive of the vibrating spraying component. At this time, the lunar dust box 24 remains dry and sealed to ensure that the lunar dust does not disperse prematurely before release, guaranteeing the safety and controllability of the experiment.

[0041] After the lunar dust is loaded, the gas handling components of the device are activated to perform a evacuation operation. The core of this step is to guide the gas within the system to the screw vacuum pump 18 via the evacuation valve 14 and evacuation pipe 15. The evacuation gradually reduces the internal pressure of the device, bringing the test chamber to a preset, suitable pressure state. During the pressure reduction process, the bellows 16 acts as a buffer, preventing pressure fluctuations during evacuation from damaging the internal structure of the system. Operators monitor the absolute pressure within the device and the micro-pressure difference before and after the filter in real time through the pressure measurement interface 11 and the micro-pressure measurement interface 10, ensuring a smooth evacuation process and that pressure changes conform to the set curve. Once the internal pressure stabilizes within the set range, the pump port butterfly valve 17 is fine-tuned to maintain a constant negative pressure throughout the experiment, simulating a low-pressure environment close to the lunar surface.

[0042] Once the system pressure reaches a suitable value, the circulating fan 12 is started to begin the gas circulation test. The fan pushes the gas, filtered by the high-efficiency air filter 19, into the upper gas circulation pipe 2, with the flow direction precisely directed towards the test chamber and the lunar dust spraying assembly 3. The airflow rate is monitored in real time by the orifice plate flow meter 13 to ensure that the airflow velocity in the entire circulation loop is stable and uniform, avoiding uneven distribution of lunar dust particles or partial clogging of the filter due to airflow fluctuations. The operator can adjust the speed of the circulating fan through the orifice plate flow meter 13 to control the airflow to form the expected turbulent or laminar flow state in the measurement chamber, in order to simulate the airflow distribution in the lunar environment under different operating conditions.

[0043] Depend on Figure 2-5 As can be seen, when the airflow enters the lunar dust spraying assembly 3, the lunar dust begins to be released. The main task of the lunar dust spraying assembly 3 is to evenly release the lunar dust stored in the lunar dust box 24 into the airflow, so as to accurately simulate the lunar dust environment. The release process of the lunar dust is achieved by the vibration motor 22 driving the ratchet 29 and the spring 31 mechanism, as well as the periodic up and down movement of the moving part 25.

[0044] Initially, due to the elastic force of spring 31 and the limiting action of limiting post 34, the moving post 33 is in its lowest position. When ratchet 29 rotates, its protrusion 32 gradually pushes the moving post 33 upward, causing it to move upward through mechanical contact. At this time, ratchet 29 and moving post 33 are in contact. Under the push of ratchet 29, moving post 33 overcomes the reverse elastic force of spring 31 and rises to the predetermined height. As ratchet 29 continues to rotate, when its protrusion 32 rotates to a certain angle, it disengages from moving post 33. At this point, moving post 33 loses the external force of ratchet and is only subject to the reaction force of spring 31. Spring 31 quickly pulls moving post 33 downward. During the periodic upward and downward movement of moving post 33, it generates an impact force on lunar dust box 24, causing lunar dust to be fully loosened through the porous sieve plate and fall evenly downward into the airflow channel, thus ensuring the uniform spraying of lunar dust.

[0045] Throughout the process, the ratchet 29, spring 31, and moving part 25 form a periodic mechanical vibration system: the ratchet 29 rotates continuously, and its protrusion 32 periodically contacts the moving part 25, pushing it upward; subsequently, the moving part 25 disengages from the ratchet 29, and the reaction force of the spring 31 quickly pulls it down, impacting the vibrating screen. This cycle repeats, allowing the moving part 25 to continuously reciprocate up and down, continuously subjecting the lunar dust box 24 to impact vibration, thereby uniformly releasing lunar dust particles through the porous screen plate. The speed of the vibrating motor 22 is adjustable; by adjusting the motor speed, the rotation period and frequency of the ratchet 29 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the up-and-down vibration period of the moving part 25 and indirectly controlling the lunar dust release rate.

[0046] During vibration, the guide sleeve 23 provides guidance and constraint for the moving part 25, ensuring that the moving part 25 does not shift laterally during vertical vibration, and ensuring that the impact force is applied to the dust box 24. At the same time, the connecting plate 26 and the fixing part 28 ensure the overall stability of the vibration mechanism, so that the vibration force can be effectively transmitted to the moving part 25 and the vibrating screen, achieving uniform dust release.

[0047] Subsequently, the airflow carries the lunar dust particles downwards. In order to ensure that the lunar dust particles are evenly distributed in the measuring chamber, the upper variable diameter tube 7 and the lower variable diameter tube 8 are designed with a conical shape to adjust the airflow speed and avoid dead airflow or local particle deposition.

[0048] Before lunar dust particles are blown onto the filter under test 4, the airflow is sampled in real time through a pre-filter sampling tube 5 with a bent sampling structure at one end. The sampling tube 5 is connected to a precision laser particle counter, which can monitor the number, particle size distribution, and concentration of lunar dust particles in the airflow online. By analyzing the pre-filter sample, operators can obtain baseline data on lunar dust particles in the unfiltered state. Subsequently, the airflow carrying lunar dust particles passes through the filter surface, and the filter under test 4 begins to capture the particles, preventing them from entering the downstream airflow. The filter's capture efficiency varies with particle size; therefore, by precisely controlling the flow rate and pressure during testing, the operating conditions of the filter under various lunar mission environments can be simulated.

[0049] The filtered gas is sampled through a post-filter sampling tube 6, which also has a bent sampling structure, to measure the actual filtration efficiency of the filter. The post-filter sampling tube 6 is also connected to a laser particle counter, allowing comparison of particle concentration and size distribution before and after filtration, and precise calculation of the filter's dust collection efficiency and changes in airflow resistance. Simultaneously, pressure difference data before and after the filter is acquired through a micro-pressure measurement interface 10 to analyze the trend of airflow resistance changes with filtration time, providing data support for evaluating filter performance degradation under long-term use conditions.

[0050] After passing through the filter, the gas enters the lower gas circulation pipe 1, and after being filtered by the high-efficiency air filter 19, it returns to the circulation fan 12, thus completing a closed-loop circulation. Throughout the process, the operator monitors the temperature and humidity changes in the measurement chamber through the temperature and humidity measurement interface 9, and monitors the overall pressure through the pressure measurement interface 11, ensuring the stability of environmental parameters within the entire loop. If the environmental parameters exceed the preset range, the gas temperature can be adjusted by regulating the heat exchanger 21, and the system pressure can be fine-tuned through the extraction valve 14, ensuring the stability of the airflow circulation and the controllability of the experimental conditions.

[0051] During continuous circulation, the system monitors airflow velocity, lunar dust particle concentration, filter collection efficiency, and pressure changes in real time. Sufficient gas supply is ensured in the loop by supplementing gas through the air distribution port 20, preventing insufficient gas supply due to extraction and ensuring efficient circulation. The entire process can be programmed as a multi-stage experiment to simulate lunar dust conditions with varying concentrations, flow rates, and particle sizes. The system records data at each stage to analyze filter performance under different conditions, including filtration efficiency, micro-pressure resistance, long-term operational stability, and potential clogging risk.

[0052] Throughout the experiment, the bellows 16 buffers airflow fluctuations, preventing sudden pressure changes during the extraction or circulation fan startup from affecting the distribution of lunar dust particles. The pump inlet butterfly valve 17 precisely adjusts the extraction volume, ensuring the stability of the negative pressure system while preventing backflow or excessively high local pressure, thus ensuring equipment safety. Through the coordinated action of the circulation fan 12, heat exchanger 21, high-efficiency air filter 19, orifice plate flow meter 13, and extraction system, the entire airflow circulation remains constant and stable, ensuring that the test conditions closely resemble the real lunar environment.

[0053] This application can also regulate the pressure and humidity within the device through the gas distribution system, thereby controlling pressure through "nitrogen charging + vacuum evacuation" and controlling humidity through "water vapor injection + dry nitrogen replenishment," and adjusting temperature in conjunction with the heat exchanger, achieving independent and coordinated precise control of temperature, humidity, and pressure. Simultaneously, the system pressure can be rapidly restored to atmospheric pressure through the venting valve, and humidity can be rapidly reduced through "evacuation of high-humidity gas + replenishment of dry nitrogen," allowing for rapid switching between different cabin operating conditions (pressurized airlock / lander / habitat), improving testing efficiency.

[0054] The system can simulate the performance changes of a dust filter under long-term use. Through continuous sampling and analysis, operators can monitor the trend of filter efficiency decay over time and assess the filter's maintenance cycle and lifespan. The entire system not only provides accurate experimental conditions but also ensures data repeatability, enabling each experimental result to reliably reflect the filter's performance in a real environment.

[0055] In summary, the working process of this embodiment covers the entire process from manual loading of lunar dust, system evacuation, airflow circulation, lunar dust purging, filter performance evaluation to environmental parameter monitoring. Each step relies on the precise coordination of various components within the device, including the lower gas circulation pipe 1, upper gas circulation pipe 2, lunar dust spraying assembly 3, filter under test 4, pre-filtration sampling tube 5, post-filtration sampling tube 6, upper reducer 7, lower reducer 8, temperature and humidity measurement interface 9, micro-pressure measurement interface 10, pressure measurement interface 11, circulating fan 12, orifice plate flow meter 13, evacuation valve 14, evacuation pipe 15, bellows 16, pump port butterfly valve 17, screw vacuum pump 18, high-efficiency air filter 19, air distribution port 20, heat exchanger 21, etc. By precisely controlling the coordinated operation of these components, this embodiment can achieve high-precision, highly controllable, and highly repeatable performance testing of lunar dust filters, providing reliable data support and experimental assurance for the research and optimization of the lunar probe's air purification system.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems or apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A performance testing device for lunar dust environment filters, characterized in that, include: A vertical circulating gas circuit assembly, comprising an upper gas circulation pipe and a lower gas circulation pipe arranged opposite to each other, for forming a gas flow channel; A filter testing assembly is connected to one end of the vertical circulating gas loop assembly; the filter testing assembly includes a measuring chamber and an upper and lower reducer pipe respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the measuring chamber, and a filter sub-assembly to be tested is disposed inside the measuring chamber; A gas treatment component is connected to the other end of the vertical circulating gas loop assembly; the gas treatment component is used to adjust the cleanliness and flow state of the circulating gas and to provide an adjustable negative pressure to the loop.

2. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter sub-assembly to be tested includes a moon dust spraying assembly and a filter to be tested respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the measuring chamber. A diffuser is also disposed above the moon dust spraying assembly to evenly distribute the gas in the upper gas circulation pipe.

3. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lunar dust spraying assembly includes a lunar dust box and a vibrating spraying component disposed above the lunar dust box; the vibrating spraying component includes a connecting plate and guide bushings and a driving component respectively fixedly disposed at both ends of the connecting plate; each guide bushing is fixedly fitted with a moving component, and the bottom end of each moving component is fixedly connected to the lunar dust box.

4. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide bushing has a connecting hole and a positioning hole on both sides. The moving part is slidably connected to the driving part through the connecting hole. The moving part includes a moving column and a spring fixedly disposed above the moving column. A limiting column is disposed on one side of the moving column through the positioning hole to limit the movement of the moving column.

5. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving component includes a connecting rod, ratchet wheels sleeved on both sides of the connecting rod, and a vibration motor fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod. The ratchet wheels are provided with protrusions, and the ratchet wheels abut against the top of the moving column through the protrusions. A fixing member is also provided between the ratchet wheels on both sides of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod passes through the fixing member and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

6. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lunar dust box has a cavity for storing lunar dust, and a sieve plate with multiple through holes is provided at the bottom of the lunar dust box.

7. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper gas circulation pipe is connected to the upper end of the filter testing component. The upper gas circulation pipe includes an upper gas inlet end and an upper gas outlet end. The gas outlet end is connected to the upper reducer pipe, and the gas inlet end is connected to one end of the gas processing component. The lower gas circulation pipe is connected to the lower end of the filter testing component. The lower gas circulation pipe includes a lower gas inlet end and a lower gas outlet end. The lower gas inlet end is connected to a lower reducer pipe, and the gas outlet end is connected to the other end of the gas processing component. It is used to send the tested gas into the gas processing component for purification and regulation.

8. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter under test is also provided with a pre-filtration sampling tube and a post-filtration sampling tube on both sides. One end of the pre-filtration sampling tube and the post-filtration sampling tube are connected to a laser dust particle calculator to count the amount and particle size of dust before and after filtration by the filter under test. The other end of the pre-filtration sampling tube and the post-filtration sampling tube is provided with a bending structure opposite to the gas flow direction.

9. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top outer side of the measuring chamber is provided with a temperature and humidity measuring interface and a pressure measuring interface, which are used to measure the temperature, humidity and pressure inside the measuring chamber; the bottom outer side of the measuring chamber and located on both sides of the filter to be tested are provided with a micro pressure measuring interface.

10. The lunar dust environment filter performance testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gas handling assembly includes a high-efficiency air filter, a gas regulating component, a circulating fan, and an extraction component; the gas regulating component includes a heat exchanger and an orifice plate flow meter; the high-efficiency air filter is disposed in the lower gas circulation pipe, the lower gas outlet end is connected to one end of the circulating fan, and the heat exchanger is disposed between the circulating fan and the high-efficiency air filter; the orifice plate flow meter is disposed inside the upper gas inlet end of the upper gas circulation pipe, and the upper gas inlet end is connected to the other end of the circulating fan; A gas distribution port is provided at the lower gas outlet end, the gas distribution port is located below the circulating fan, and the gas distribution port is connected to the air extraction assembly; The gas extraction assembly is located outside the lower gas outlet end of the lower gas circulation pipe. The gas extraction assembly includes a gas extraction valve, a gas extraction pipe, and a vacuum pump component. One end of the gas extraction valve is connected to the gas distribution port, and the other end is connected to the gas extraction pipe. The vacuum pump component includes a pump port butterfly valve, a bellows, and a screw vacuum pump. The gas extraction pipe is connected to the bellows, and the bellows is connected to the screw vacuum pump. The pump port butterfly valve is located outside the bellows.

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