Non-sinusoidal tide and temperature coupled coastal zone environment physical modeling system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of non-sine tidal and temperature coupling coastal zone environment physical simulation system and method, in the system, central control and data processing terminal reconstruct non-sine tidal driving function;Coastal zone temperature control subsystem adjusts the water temperature of injection land boundary water chamber and sea boundary water chamber;Non-sine tidal dynamic simulation subsystem controls the water level of sea boundary water chamber according to non-sine tidal driving function and carries out periodic fluctuation, to form non-sine hydraulic gradient in porous medium experimental reaction zone;Central control and data processing terminal based on the space-time evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in time-varying seepage field, calculate seepage velocity vector field and characteristic parameter under the condition of non-sine tidal and temperature coupling.Coupling non-sine tidal waveform and temperature field, the system accurately reproduces the non-sine, asymmetric waveform of real tide, can accurately simulate the solute dispersion process of coastal zone, and improves the simulation accuracy of seawater intrusion under the action of tide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coastal groundwater environment simulation and water resource protection technology, specifically to a non-sinusoidal tide and temperature coupled coastal environmental physical simulation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Coastal aquifers are key zones for land-sea interaction, and their groundwater flow fields and solutes (such as Cl) are important factors. - The transport process is controlled by a variety of complex factors, and physical simulation experiments are an essential research method to explore these mechanisms.

[0003] In existing technologies, some progress has been made in simulating single or partial influencing factors. For example, a working method for a coastal groundwater seepage simulation system considering the effect of temperature has been developed. This technology introduces temperature-controlled brackish and freshwater tanks and insulated seepage channels to simulate the coastal groundwater seepage process under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions in brackish and freshwater tanks, solving the problem of previous experiments neglecting the influence of temperature on fluid density and viscosity. However, at the dynamic boundary, although a tide generator is used, the tidal waveforms generated are usually based on the principle of communicating vessels or simple reciprocating motion, mainly simulating regular sinusoidal or cosine fluctuations. Another physical experimental system and method for studying the migration and remediation of non-point source pollution in coastal cascade underground reservoirs has been developed. A cascade underground dam structure has been constructed, focusing on the migration and remediation of non-point source pollution. Although this system considers the complex structure of the underground reservoir, an overflow device is still used to simulate sinusoidal tides for hydrodynamic input.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies all use or default to using sine waves to simulate tides. Physically, sine waves are symmetrical, and their net transport capacity within one cycle is relatively weak. Using sine waves leads to systematic biases in the prediction of solute retention time and migration flux. Existing technologies separate or simplify the treatment of "temperature" and "dynamics". A single temperature field or a single hydrodynamic field cannot reflect complex working conditions and is difficult to accurately simulate the dispersion process of solutes in the coastal zone, resulting in insufficient simulation accuracy of seawater intrusion under tidal action. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system, the system comprising: The system comprises a porous media seepage flume, a non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem, a coastal zone temperature control subsystem, and a central control and data processing terminal. The central control and data processing terminal is connected to the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem and the coastal zone temperature control subsystem, respectively. The porous media infiltration tank is made of transparent material and includes a land boundary water chamber for constant-pressure freshwater recharge, a porous media experimental reaction zone for simulating the structure of a natural coastal aquifer, and a marine boundary water chamber for simulating non-sinusoidal tidal levels. The porous media experimental reaction zone is filled with porous media, and the land boundary water chamber and the marine boundary water chamber are connected to the porous media experimental reaction zone through porous infiltration baffles. The porous media experimental reaction zone is used to simulate the structure of a natural coastal aquifer. The central control and data processing terminal is used to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area using Fourier series and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and to determine multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area. The coastal zone temperature control subsystem is used to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a first reference temperature; the first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures. The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem is connected to the sea boundary water chamber and is used to control the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone. In the process of controlling the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to fluctuate periodically, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. The central control and data processing terminal is also used to calculate the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface. The characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity and solute exchange intensity at the sea-land interface.

[0006] Optionally, the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem includes a servo motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism connected to the servo motor; The central control and data processing terminal is also used to sample the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; calculate the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series according to the non-sinusoidal tidal drive function; generate a discrete instruction sequence based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, and send the instruction sequence to the servo motor. The servo motor is used to act according to the command sequence, thereby driving the mechanical transmission mechanism to drive the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to make non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the periodic fluctuation of the water level of the sea boundary water chamber.

[0007] Optionally, the coastal zone temperature control subsystem is also used to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a second reference temperature, and obtain the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; the second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature; The central control and data processing terminal is also used to quantify the effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity of seabed groundwater at the land-sea interface, based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature and the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature.

[0008] Optionally, a sensor array is pre-embedded in the porous medium to synchronously monitor the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field.

[0009] Optionally, the system further includes an image acquisition system for acquiring spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration in a time-varying seepage field, and sending the spatiotemporal evolution images to a central control and data processing terminal for grayscale and binarization processing, so as to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

[0010] This application provides a non-sinusoidal tide-temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation method, applied to the non-sinusoidal tide-temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system provided in the embodiments of this application. The method includes: The central control and data processing terminal uses Fourier series to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area and reconstructs a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and determines multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area. The coastal zone temperature control subsystem adjusts the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a first reference temperature; the first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures. The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem controls the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone. In the process of controlling the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. The central control and data processing terminal calculates the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface. The characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity and solute exchange intensity at the sea-land interface.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: The coastal zone temperature control subsystem adjusts the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a second reference temperature, and obtains the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; the second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature; Based on the seepage velocity vector fields calculated at the second reference temperature and the first reference temperature, the effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity of seafloor groundwater at the land-sea interface are quantified.

[0012] Optionally, the water level in the boundary water chamber of the sea area is controlled to fluctuate periodically according to a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, including: The central control and data processing terminal samples the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; calculates the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series based on the non-sinusoidal tidal drive function; generates a discrete instruction sequence based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, and sends the instruction sequence to the servo motor. The servo motor operates according to the command sequence, which in turn drives the mechanical transmission mechanism to make the water level of the sea boundary water chamber move in a non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the periodic fluctuation of the water level of the sea boundary water chamber.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes: Tracers are injected into the time-varying seepage field in the experimental reaction zone of porous media. The image acquisition system acquires spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration and performs grayscale and binarization processing to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

[0014] Optionally, the method further includes: Spatiotemporal evolution images acquired at different preset temperatures were obtained, and the influence of temperature on the seawater intrusion process was analyzed based on these images.

[0015] The coastal environmental physics simulation system for non-sinusoidal tides coupled with temperature provided in this application embodiment uses Fourier series to fit and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function based on measured tidal data through a central control and data processing terminal. Based on this function, the system controls the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically, accurately reproducing the non-sinusoidal, asymmetric waveform of real tides. This allows the system to capture the "tidal pump effect" caused by waveform asymmetry, overcoming the problem of traditional sinusoidal wave simulations deviating significantly from reality. The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem controls the sea... The water level in the boundary chamber fluctuates periodically, causing the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient to work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. This couples the non-sinusoidal tide with the temperature field, accurately simulating the solute dispersion process and improving the accuracy of solute migration simulation. Based on this, the central control and data processing terminal can improve the accuracy of the calculated seepage velocity vector field and the characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material-energy exchange of the land-sea interface by using the spatiotemporal evolution data of the water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field within the porous media experimental reaction zone. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A waveform diagram of measured tidal data provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A spectrum of measured tidal data provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the experimental results of a sinusoidal tidal wave and a sand trough under 15°C conditions provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the experimental results of reconstructed composite tidal wave and sand trough under 15℃ conditions provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8A schematic diagram of the experimental results of a sinusoidal tidal wave and a sand trough under 30°C conditions provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental results of a reconstructed composite tidal wave and a sand trough under 30°C conditions, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0020] This application provides a non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a porous media seepage tank body 1, a non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem 2, a coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3, and a central control and data processing terminal 4. The central control and data processing terminal 4 is connected to the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem 2 and the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 by signal connection.

[0021] In some embodiments, the porous media seepage tank body 1 is made of transparent material and includes a land boundary water chamber 1-1 for constant pressure freshwater replenishment, a porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2 for simulating the structure of a natural coastal aquifer, and a marine boundary water chamber 1-3 for simulating non-sinusoidal tidal water levels.

[0022] In some embodiments, the porous media permeation tank body 1 is externally wrapped with an insulation layer 1-4 (such as polyurethane foam) to construct an insulation boundary. The design of the insulation layer 1-4 effectively shields the experimental data from the interference of laboratory ambient temperature fluctuations, ensuring the repeatability of experimental operations. The porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2 is filled with porous media, such as sorted quartz sand. The land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 are respectively connected to the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2 through porous permeation partitions 1-5.

[0023] In some embodiments, the land boundary water chamber 1-1 is filled with fresh water, which is deionized water and does not contain tracers. The sea boundary water chamber 1-3 is filled with seawater. Artificial seawater can be prepared by dissolving sodium chloride in deionized water according to the salinity characteristics of the target sea area, and the prepared artificial seawater is filled into the sea boundary water chamber 1-3.

[0024] In some embodiments, the central control and data processing terminal 4 is used to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area using Fourier series and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and to determine multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area.

[0025] In some embodiments, the target sea area can be the observed sea area, and the measured tidal data is the tidal level sequence data within the observation period (e.g., 12 hours, 24 hours, etc.), representing the change in the vertical height of the sea surface relative to the mean sea level in the target sea area over time. Seawater temperature monitoring data can be the seawater temperature sequence of the target sea area within the observation period, representing the change in seawater temperature in the target sea area over time; alternatively, seawater temperature monitoring data can be the range of seawater temperature variation in the target sea area within the observation period.

[0026] In some embodiments, during the process of fitting the measured tidal data using Fourier series and reconstructing a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, the central control and data processing terminal 4 can process the measured tidal data (tidal level sequence data, such as...) Figure 2 Perform a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the tidal chambers (M1, K1, O1, etc.) to identify the main tidal constituents (M1, K1, O1, etc.). Figure 3 As shown, where the horizontal axis is in units of 1 / hr (hr represents hours), the fitted Fourier coefficients (amplitude and phase of each tidal constituent) are used to reconstruct the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown).

[0027] In some embodiments, the central control and data processing terminal 4 can determine multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature sequence or the range of seawater temperature changes, so as to control the temperature of the sea boundary water chamber based on the preset temperatures during the simulation experiment, making the simulation experiment environment closer to the real environment.

[0028] In some embodiments, the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 is used to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to a first reference temperature; the first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures.

[0029] In some embodiments, the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 includes a temperature control tank 3-1 and a circulation pump 3-2, which can regulate and stably maintain the temperature of the fluid entering the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 at a first reference temperature.

[0030] In some embodiments, when the temperature variation range of the target sea area is 15°C to 40°C, the preset temperature can be 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 30°C, 35°C, etc., and the first reference temperature can be 20°C. The values ​​of the temperature variation range of the target sea area, the preset temperature, and the first reference temperature are merely illustrative examples and are not limited in this application.

[0031] In some embodiments, the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamic simulation subsystem 2 is connected to the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 and is used to control the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function based on the central control and data processing terminal 4, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2. During the periodic fluctuation of the water level in the sea boundary water chamber, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone.

[0032] In some embodiments, sensor groups 1-6 are pre-embedded in the porous medium for synchronously monitoring the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field.

[0033] In some embodiments, the central control and data processing terminal 4 is also used to calculate the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface. The characteristic parameters include at least one of the seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity and solute exchange intensity of the sea-land interface.

[0034] In some embodiments, the central control and data processing terminal 4 can utilize spatial interpolation techniques such as Kriging or Spline to transform discrete spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration into a continuous dynamic 3D (or 2D) distribution field. This allows for a visual depiction of the intrusion morphology and evolution trend of the "brine wedge." Through the 3D distribution field, the seepage velocity vector field and characteristic data under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions can be calculated. The solute concentration data in the 3D distribution field is used to accurately identify the boundary of the brackish water mixing zone and can reveal the migration patterns of heat in the porous medium.

[0035] In some embodiments, the water level in the 3D distribution field is key data for calculating the seepage velocity vector field. Due to the significant density difference between seawater and freshwater, it is necessary to convert the water level into pore water pressure, correct the pore water pressure to an equivalent freshwater head, and introduce a density-dependent Darcy's law correction term to accurately calculate the seepage velocity vector field. By calculating the seepage velocity vector field, the changes in hydraulic gradient at different tidal stages (high tide, low tide, and tidal cessation) can be clearly identified. The reconstruction of the seepage velocity vector field can not only reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of seafloor groundwater discharge (SGD) at the interface, but also discover the path of seawater circulation under the tidal pumping effect, providing a quantitative basis for understanding the hydrodynamic driving mechanism.

[0036] In some embodiments, reconstructing the dynamic seepage velocity field based on water level and temperature data in a 3D distribution field includes: converting the pore water pressure data after water level conversion according to formula (1). Corrected to equivalent freshwater head : (1); in, The density is that of fresh water. It is the acceleration due to gravity. It represents the vertical distance along the depth direction (from bottom to top) of the porous media seepage channel.

[0037] Furthermore, the seepage velocity field is calculated according to Darcy's law (Equation (2)). : (2); in, express The first derivative, express The first derivative, Indicates the density of seawater. This represents the hydraulic conductivity coefficient.

[0038] In some embodiments, after calculating the seepage velocity vector field, the seabed groundwater discharge flux can be obtained by integrating the seepage velocity vector field with the area of ​​the sea-land interface collected by the image acquisition system 5; the heat exchange intensity can be calculated based on the seepage velocity field and temperature data; and the solute exchange intensity under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions can be calculated based on the seepage velocity field and the spatiotemporal evolution data based on the seepage velocity field and solute concentration data.

[0039] The coastal environmental physics simulation system for non-sinusoidal tides coupled with temperature provided in this application embodiment uses Fourier series to fit and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function based on measured tidal data through a central control and data processing terminal. Based on this function, the system controls the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically, accurately reproducing the non-sinusoidal, asymmetric waveform of real tides. This allows the system to capture the "tidal pump effect" caused by waveform asymmetry, overcoming the problem of traditional sinusoidal wave simulations deviating significantly from reality. The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem controls the sea... The water level in the boundary chamber fluctuates periodically, causing the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient to work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. This couples the non-sinusoidal tide with the temperature field, accurately simulating the solute dispersion process and improving the accuracy of solute migration simulation. Based on this, the central control and data processing terminal can improve the accuracy of the calculated seepage velocity vector field and the characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material-energy exchange of the land-sea interface by using the spatiotemporal evolution data of the water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field within the porous media experimental reaction zone.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem 2 includes a servo motor 2-1 and a mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2 connected to the servo motor. The central control and data processing terminal 4 is used to sample the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; calculate the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function; generate a discrete instruction sequence based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, and send the instruction sequence to the servo motor 2-1; the servo motor 2-1 is used to act according to the instruction sequence, thereby driving the mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2 to drive the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to perform non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to fluctuate periodically.

[0041] In some embodiments, the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem 2 further includes a liquid level feedback controller 2-3, which is used to acquire the actual water level value in the boundary water chamber of the sea area in real time and feed it back to the central control and data processing terminal 4. The central control and data processing terminal 4 compares the actual water level value with the target water level value at the current moment. If there is an error, it calculates a compensation command and dynamically adjusts the movement of the servo motor 2-1 so that the actual water level value is consistent with the target water level value.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 is further configured to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a second reference temperature, thereby obtaining a seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; the second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature. The central control and data processing terminal 4 is further configured to quantify the effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity of seabed groundwater at the land-sea interface, based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature and the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the coastal zone environmental physical simulation system coupled with non-sinusoidal tides and temperature also includes an image acquisition system 5, which is used to acquire spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration in a time-varying seepage field, and send the spatiotemporal evolution images to a central control and data processing terminal 4 for grayscale and binarization processing, so as to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

[0044] Understandably, this application, by introducing a non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem, can accurately reproduce the non-linear waveform of real tides, enabling the system to capture the "tidal pump effect" caused by waveform asymmetry. This allows for a more accurate simulation of the real physical processes of reduced groundwater net outflow and increased seawater intrusion distance under non-sinusoidal waveform driving. Furthermore, by combining a coastal zone temperature control subsystem, synchronous loading of temperature and dynamic boundaries is achieved. By precisely controlling the dynamic changes in seawater temperature with tidal phase, this system can simulate the real-time changes in fluid kinematic viscosity with temperature. This allows researchers to observe for the first time in the laboratory the non-linear superposition effect of temperature and non-sinusoidal waveform-induced hydraulic gradient changes on the time axis, revealing the control mechanism of the thermodynamic field on solute migration and dispersion range. Moreover, the water level control based on servo motors is more precise than mechanical wave generation. Furthermore, this application combines a transparent and visualized porous media seepage flume main body design with an image acquisition system. By using a tracer that does not adsorb onto the porous media, along with image processing algorithms, the system can intuitively display the dynamic evolution of the freshwater-sea interface from a macroscopic perspective. Compared to the traditional data acquisition method that relies solely on point sensors (pressure gauges, conductivity meters), this system provides a continuous spatial data field, which greatly improves the calculation accuracy of hydrogeological parameters such as the seepage velocity vector field and characteristic parameters that characterize the dynamic evolution of the marine-land interface and the exchange of matter and energy.

[0045] This application provides a non-sinusoidal tide-temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation method, implemented through the non-sinusoidal tide-temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system provided in this application, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a non-sinusoidal tidal-temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation method provided in this application. The method includes: S101, the central control and data processing terminal uses Fourier series to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and determines multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area.

[0046] In some embodiments, the target sea area can be the observed sea area, and the measured tidal data is the tidal level sequence data within the observation period (e.g., 12 hours, 24 hours, etc.), representing the change in the vertical height of the sea surface relative to the mean sea level in the target sea area over time. Seawater temperature monitoring data can be the seawater temperature sequence of the target sea area within the observation period, representing the change in seawater temperature in the target sea area over time; alternatively, seawater temperature monitoring data can be the range of seawater temperature variation in the target sea area within the observation period.

[0047] In some embodiments, during the process of fitting measured tidal data with Fourier series and reconstructing a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, a fast Fourier transform can be performed on the measured tidal data to identify the main tidal constituents, and the fitted Fourier coefficients can be used to reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function.

[0048] In some embodiments, multiple preset temperatures can be determined based on the seawater temperature sequence or the range of seawater temperature changes, so as to control the temperature of the sea boundary water chambers 1-3 based on the preset temperatures during the simulation experiment, making the simulation experiment environment closer to the real environment.

[0049] S102, The coastal zone temperature control subsystem regulates the water temperature injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to the first reference temperature.

[0050] The first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures.

[0051] In some embodiments, when the temperature variation range of the target sea area is 15°C to 40°C, the preset temperature can be 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 30°C, 35°C, etc., and the first reference temperature can be 20°C. The values ​​of the temperature variation range of the target sea area, the preset temperature, and the first reference temperature are merely illustrative examples and are not limited in this application.

[0052] In some embodiments, the water temperature in the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 can be adjusted by the temperature-controlled water tank 3-1 and the circulation pump 3-2 in the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3, so that the fresh water in the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the seawater in the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 are stably maintained at the first reference temperature.

[0053] S103, the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamic simulation subsystem controls the water level in the boundary water chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone.

[0054] During the periodic fluctuation of the water level in the boundary water chambers 1-3 of the controlled sea area, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2.

[0055] In some embodiments, the boundary water chamber 1-3 is connected to the servo motor 2-1. Discrete instructions can be generated based on a non-sinusoidal tidal drive function and sent to the servo motor 2-1. The servo motor 2-1 operates according to the discrepancy of the discrepancy, thereby driving the mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2 to drive the water level of the boundary water chamber 1-3 to perform non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion (periodic fluctuation) in the vertical direction, generating a non-sinusoidal tidal water level. The operation steps are as follows: the discrepancy sequence of instructions is sent to the servo motor 2-1 of the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamic simulation subsystem 2. The servo motor 2-1 drives the boundary water chamber 1-3 to perform non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction through the mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2, thereby precisely controlling the periodic fluctuation of the water level.

[0056] S104, the central control and data processing terminal calculates the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the variable seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface.

[0057] Among them, the characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity at the sea-land interface.

[0058] In some embodiments, sensor groups 1-6 can be pre-embedded in the porous medium within the porous medium experimental reaction zone 1-2 to monitor the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field in real time and synchronously. The sensor groups 1-6 synchronize the monitored spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration to the central control and data processing terminal 4 to calculate the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions, as well as the characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material-energy exchange of the land-sea interface.

[0059] In some embodiments, the central control and data processing terminal 4 can calculate the seepage velocity vector field according to formula (1) and formula (2). After the seepage velocity vector field is calculated, the submarine groundwater discharge flux can be calculated based on the seepage velocity vector field. The heat exchange intensity can be calculated based on the seepage velocity field and temperature data. The solute exchange intensity under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions can be calculated based on the seepage velocity field and the spatiotemporal evolution data based on the seepage velocity field and solute concentration data.

[0060] In this embodiment, Fourier series is used to fit and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function from the measured tidal data, and multiple preset temperatures are determined based on seawater temperature monitoring data. The water temperature injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber is adjusted to a first reference temperature. According to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, the water level in the sea boundary water chamber is controlled to fluctuate periodically, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone. During the periodic fluctuation of the water level in the sea boundary water chamber, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. The spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field are monitored simultaneously. Based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration, the seepage velocity vector field under the coupling conditions of non-sinusoidal tide and temperature is calculated, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material-energy exchange of the land-sea interface. Thus, by fitting the measured tidal data with Fourier series and reconstructing a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and based on this function, controlling the periodic fluctuations of the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area, the non-sinusoidal waveform of the real tide is accurately reproduced. This allows the system to capture the "tidal pump effect" caused by waveform asymmetry, overcoming the problem of traditional sinusoidal simulations deviating significantly from reality. During the periodic fluctuations of the water level in the boundary chamber, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone, achieving coupling between the non-sinusoidal tide and the temperature field. This accurately simulates the solute dispersion process and improves the accuracy of solute migration simulation. Furthermore, based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field within the porous media experimental reaction zone, the accuracy of the calculated seepage velocity vector field and the accuracy of the characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material-energy exchange of the sea-land interface can be improved.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the periodic fluctuation of the water level in the sea boundary water chambers 1-3 according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function described in step S103 can be achieved through the following steps: The central control and data processing terminal 4 samples the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; it calculates the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function; based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, it generates a discrete instruction sequence and sends the instruction sequence to the servo motor 2-1; the servo motor 2-1 acts according to the instruction sequence, thereby driving the mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2 to drive the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to perform non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to fluctuate periodically.

[0062] In some embodiments, the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data can be the observation duration, such as 12 hours, 24 hours, etc. The preset time step can be determined according to the response speed of the servo motor 2-1 and the control precision of the servo motor 2-1, for example, it can be 0.1 seconds, that is, it is collected once every 0.1 seconds.

[0063] In some embodiments, the discrete time series includes multiple moments. Different moments are substituted into a non-sinusoidal tidal drive function to calculate the target water level value corresponding to each moment. Then, based on each moment and the corresponding target water level value, it is converted into a sequence of motor stroke or angle (the conversion relationship between water level and motor position is known through mechanical structure design). Finally, a discrete command sequence is generated and sent to servo motor 2-1. Servo motor 2-1 operates based on the command sequence, thereby driving mechanical transmission mechanism 2-2 to drive the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to perform non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so that the water level of the sea boundary water chamber fluctuates periodically.

[0064] Understandably, the central control and data processing terminal 4 samples the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series. The target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series is calculated according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function. Based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, a discrete command sequence is generated and sent to the servo motor 2-1. The servo motor 2-1 controls the water level of the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to fluctuate periodically, realizing a high-fidelity physical reproduction of the real tidal waveform. This provides a reliable driving source for quantitatively analyzing the coupling effect between tidal waveform and temperature change, and provides a solid foundation for realizing high-precision coupled simulation experiments.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, after performing the above step S104, the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 can also adjust the water temperature injected into the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 to the second reference temperature, and obtain the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature and the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature, the influence of temperature change and non-sinusoidal tides on the seepage velocity vector field and solute concentration is quantified.

[0066] The second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature.

[0067] In some embodiments, the water temperature injected into the land boundary water chamber 1-1 and the sea boundary water chamber 1-3 is adjusted to a second reference temperature. Combined with the effect of a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient, the time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2 differs from the time-varying seepage field formed under the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient. Subsequently, the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature, and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field at the second reference temperature are simultaneously monitored, and the corresponding seepage velocity vector field at the second reference temperature can be calculated.

[0068] In some embodiments, the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature can be compared with the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature, and the solute concentration at the first reference temperature and the solute concentration at the second reference temperature can be compared to obtain the specific influence of temperature change (temperature increase or decrease) and non-sinusoidal tides on the seepage velocity vector field and solute concentration.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first seafloor groundwater discharge flux, first heat exchange intensity, and first solute exchange intensity at the land-sea interface can be calculated based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature; and the second seafloor groundwater discharge flux, second heat exchange intensity, and second solute exchange intensity at the land-sea interface can be calculated based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature. By comparing the first and second seafloor groundwater discharge flux, the first and second heat exchange intensities, and the first and second solute exchange intensities, the specific effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the seafloor groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity at the land-sea interface can be obtained.

[0070] Understandably, by conducting comparative experiments under different temperature conditions, the fluid can participate in non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics at specific temperature states. Based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at different temperatures, the influence of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the seepage velocity vector field and solute concentration can be quantified. This allows for the analysis of the influence of temperature changes on solute migration and dispersion behavior, thereby providing experimental data support that is closer to the natural state for the water quality safety assessment of coastal underground reservoirs.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, a tracer can also be injected into the time-varying seepage field of the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2, and the image acquisition system 5 can acquire spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration and perform grayscale and binarization processing to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

[0072] It is understandable that by injecting tracers into the time-varying seepage field in the experimental reaction zone of porous media, the image acquisition system can acquire spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration and perform grayscale and binarization processing to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface, thereby determining the influence of tidal waveform asymmetry and temperature on the tidal-driven infiltration process.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, after step S104, spatiotemporal evolution images collected at different preset temperatures can be acquired; based on the spatiotemporal evolution images collected at different preset temperatures, the influence of temperature changes on the tidal-driven infiltration process under non-sinusoidal tides can be analyzed.

[0074] The description of the above system embodiments is similar to that of the above method embodiments, and has the same beneficial effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the system embodiments of this application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0075] The experimental method of this application is described below through an embodiment. The experimental method includes: Step 1: Construction of the test system and media filling Equipment preparation: Construct a transparent porous media infiltration water tank body 1 with heat insulation function (dimensions 173.0cm×38.5cm×10.0cm), connect a non-sinusoidal tidal dynamic simulation subsystem 2 to the downstream boundary of the porous media infiltration water tank body 1, and connect a coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 in the fluid circulation pipeline.

[0076] Medium filling: Screened and washed quartz sand is selected as the porous medium, with a saturated hydraulic conductivity K of approximately 1×10⁻⁶. -3 The density of the sand is m / s, and the average porosity is approximately 0.5. Quartz sand was layered and filled in the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2, and a generalized beach with a slope of 1:10.75 was constructed to simulate the groundwater aquifer and its coastal boundary.

[0077] Sensor deployment: During the filling process, sensor groups 1-6 are buried in the porous medium experimental reaction zone according to the preset grid, and the signal lines are led out and connected to the central control and data processing terminal 4.

[0078] Step 2: Preparation of test fluid and formulation of tracer Preparation of artificial seawater: Based on the salinity characteristics of the target sea area, 34.5g of sodium chloride (NaCl, analytical grade) was dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare artificial seawater with a salinity of 35g / L and a density of 1.025g / mL.

[0079] Tracer addition: To visualize the flow field, 1.5 g / L of food-grade red dye was added to the artificial seawater. This tracer is chemically inert, does not adsorb onto the quartz sand, and provides high contrast under the imaging sensor of the Nikon D7000 camera.

[0080] Freshwater preparation: The upstream land boundary water chamber (freshwater chamber) uses deionized water with a density of 1.000 g / mL, which does not contain tracers.

[0081] Step 3: Initialization of thermal equilibrium and establishment of steady-state flow field Saturation and displacement: Slowly inject fresh water into the porous medium seepage tank body 1 until it is completely saturated, and remove air bubbles from the medium.

[0082] Thermal field initialization: Start the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3 and set the reference ambient temperature (e.g., 25°C). Turn on the circulation pump to circulate fresh water and seawater in their respective temperature-controlled tanks until the temperature readings at each measuring point in the porous media infiltration tank body 1 stabilize within the range of the reference ambient temperature ±0.1°C.

[0083] Initial boundary setting: Adjust the upstream freshwater head to a fixed height (27.5cm), adjust the downstream seawater level to the mean sea level, and keep it still until a stable freshwater discharge flow field to the sea and the initial brackish water interface are formed.

[0084] Step 4: Simultaneously apply non-sinusoidal dynamics and dynamic temperature control via the central control and data processing terminal 4, simultaneously triggering the dynamic and thermodynamic boundaries to begin the dynamic simulation experiment: Waveform Reconstruction and Loading: Based on the tidal characteristics of the target sea area, a non-sinusoidal tidal drive function is generated through programming. The servo motor is driven to tug at the seawater level according to the non-sinusoidal tidal drive function, inducing a "rapid rise and slow fall" hydraulic gradient change in the porous media experimental reaction zone 1-2.

[0085] Dynamic temperature control loading: Before the test begins, a reference temperature (such as 25°C or 35°C) is set through the coastal zone temperature control subsystem 3, and this reference temperature is kept constant throughout the test.

[0086] Coupled mode example: As a comparative example of different reference temperature conditions, experiments can be carried out independently under different reference temperature conditions to analyze the impact of temperature level differences on the tidal-driven infiltration process.

[0087] Step 5: Multi-source data acquisition and process monitoring During the test run (continuously over multiple tidal cycles until a quasi-steady state is reached), the following data acquisition operations are performed: Image acquisition: A Nikon D7000 digital camera (corresponding to image acquisition system 5) was used to take timed pictures, mounted directly in front of the model. The shooting interval was set to 10s~30s, and during periods of rapid tidal changes (rapid high tide), the shooting frequency could be increased to 1s / picture.

[0088] Data acquisition: Sensor groups 1-6 synchronously acquire evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration at each measuring point, with the sampling frequency set to 1Hz.

[0089] Step 6: Data Processing Image processing: Using Python image processing libraries, the acquired RGB images are processed to perform grayscale and binarization to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

[0090] Comparative analysis: The laboratory sand bath experimental results provided in this application are as follows: Figures 6 to 9 As shown, Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, under the condition of introducing a single sinusoidal tidal boundary, the upper brine plume exhibits a relatively symmetrical semi-circular distribution with a clear boundary but limited scale; meanwhile, the lower brine wedge maintains a strong landward extension trend, and the red area at the bottom of the trough is broad and gently sloping. And as... Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, when the boundary conditions are upgraded to reconstructed composite tidal waves, the upper brine plume volume expands explosively, the brine uplift and landward infiltration effects are significantly enhanced, and the color concentration increases and its distribution tends to be more diffuse. Correspondingly, the lower brine wedge retreats significantly and its thickness decreases, while the red band at the bottom of the channel contracts substantially towards the sea. This response pattern of "upper plume expansion and lower brine wedge contraction" is particularly prominent under high-temperature conditions, indicating that the multi-frequency signal of the composite tide, by enhancing the recirculation process of shallow water and combined with the density reduction caused by temperature increase, jointly drives the strong enrichment of shallow brine and the significant inhibition of deep intrusion. Laboratory sand tank experiments show that the coupling effect of tidal dynamic characteristics and temperature gradient significantly regulates the spatial distribution characteristics of the salt halo (the distribution of the brackish water interface).

[0091] Laboratory observations further provide intuitive evidence for multi-condition simulation experiments. By setting two types of tidal dynamic boundaries—single sine wave and reconstructed composite wave—and coupling them with initial temperature gradients of different magnitudes, the influence of different tidal characteristics and temperatures on the tidal-driven infiltration process can be systematically compared. The single sine wave group can isolate the instantaneous cyclic effect of a single frequency; the reconstructed composite wave group can realistically reproduce the low-pass filtering and low-frequency accumulation mechanism of multi-component signals in natural tides. On this basis, coupling multiple temperature gradients (such as temperature differences of 15℃ and 30℃) can reveal in depth the interaction law and intensity characteristics of water-heat-solute under the influence of tidal boundaries. This type of multi-condition simulation can not only quantitatively analyze the nonlinear contributions of upper brine plume expansion and lower brine wedge retreat under the combined effect of tides and temperature, but also provide theoretical support for studying the evolution of salinity in coastal aquifers and the sustainability of groundwater resources under the background of climate warming.

[0092] It should be noted that, depending on the implementation needs, the various components / steps described in the embodiments of this application can be broken down into more components / steps, or two or more components / steps or parts of the operation of components / steps can be combined into new components / steps to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application.

[0093] The methods described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium (such as a CD-ROM, RAM, floppy disk, hard disk, or magneto-optical disk), or as computer code downloaded over a network that is originally stored in a remote recording medium or a non-transitory machine-readable medium and will be stored in a local recording medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a recording medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware (such as an ASIC or FPGA). It is understood that the computer, processor, microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes storage components (e.g., RAM, ROM, flash memory, etc.) capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods described herein. Furthermore, when a general-purpose computer accesses code used to implement the methods shown herein, the execution of the code transforms the general-purpose computer into a dedicated computer for executing the methods shown herein.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0095] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application, and the patent protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupled coastal zone environmental physical simulation system, characterized in that, It includes a porous media seepage flume, a non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem, a coastal zone temperature control subsystem, and a central control and data processing terminal. The central control and data processing terminal is connected to the non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem and the coastal zone temperature control subsystem, respectively. The porous media infiltration tank is made of transparent material and includes a land boundary water chamber for constant-pressure freshwater recharge, a porous media experimental reaction zone for simulating the structure of a natural coastal aquifer, and a marine boundary water chamber for simulating non-sinusoidal tidal levels. The porous media experimental reaction zone is filled with porous media, and the land boundary water chamber and the marine boundary water chamber are connected to the porous media experimental reaction zone through porous infiltration baffles. The porous media experimental reaction zone is used to simulate the structure of a natural coastal aquifer. The central control and data processing terminal is used to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area using Fourier series and reconstruct a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and to determine multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area. The coastal zone temperature control subsystem is used to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a first reference temperature; the first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures. The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem is connected to the sea boundary water chamber and is used to control the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone. In the process of controlling the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to fluctuate periodically, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. The central control and data processing terminal is also used to calculate the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface. The characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity and solute exchange intensity at the sea-land interface.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem includes a servo motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism connected to the servo motor; The central control and data processing terminal is also used to sample the duration corresponding to the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; calculate the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series according to the non-sinusoidal tidal drive function; generate a discrete instruction sequence based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, and send the instruction sequence to the servo motor. The servo motor is used to act according to the command sequence, thereby driving the mechanical transmission mechanism to drive the water level of the sea boundary water chamber to make non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the periodic fluctuation of the water level of the sea boundary water chamber.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coastal zone temperature control subsystem is also used to adjust the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to the second reference temperature, and to obtain the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; The second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature; The central control and data processing terminal is also used to quantify the effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity of seabed groundwater at the land-sea interface, based on the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature and the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the first reference temperature.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sensor arrays are embedded in the porous medium to synchronously monitor the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an image acquisition system, which is used to acquire spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration in a time-varying seepage field, and send the spatiotemporal evolution images to a central control and data processing terminal for grayscale and binarization processing, so as to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

6. A method for simulating the physical environment of a coastal zone coupled with non-sinusoidal tides and temperature, implemented using the physical simulation system for the physical environment of a coastal zone coupled with non-sinusoidal tides and temperature as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... include: The central control and data processing terminal uses Fourier series to fit the measured tidal data of the target sea area and reconstructs a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, and determines multiple preset temperatures based on the seawater temperature monitoring data of the target sea area. The coastal zone temperature control subsystem regulates the water temperature injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to the first reference temperature; The first reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures; The non-sinusoidal tidal dynamics simulation subsystem controls the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically according to the non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, thereby forming a non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient in the porous media experimental reaction zone. In the process of controlling the water level in the boundary chamber of the sea area to fluctuate periodically, the first reference temperature and the non-sinusoidal hydraulic gradient work together to form a temperature-modulated time-varying seepage field in the porous media experimental reaction zone. The central control and data processing terminal calculates the seepage velocity vector field under non-sinusoidal tidal and temperature coupling conditions based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of water level, temperature and solute concentration in the time-varying seepage field, as well as characteristic parameters characterizing the dynamic evolution and material and energy exchange of the sea-land interface. The characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: seabed groundwater discharge flux, heat exchange intensity and solute exchange intensity at the sea-land interface.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The coastal zone temperature control subsystem adjusts the temperature of the water injected into the land boundary water chamber and the sea boundary water chamber to a second reference temperature, and obtains the seepage velocity vector field calculated at the second reference temperature; the second reference temperature is any one of a plurality of preset temperatures, and the second reference temperature is different from the first reference temperature; Based on the seepage velocity vector fields calculated at the second reference temperature and the first reference temperature, the effects of temperature changes and non-sinusoidal tides on the discharge flux, heat exchange intensity, and solute exchange intensity of seafloor groundwater at the land-sea interface are quantified.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on a non-sinusoidal tidal driving function, the water level in the boundary water chamber of the sea area is controlled to fluctuate periodically, including: The central control and data processing terminal samples the measured tidal data at preset time step intervals to obtain a discrete time series; calculates the target water level value corresponding to each moment in the time series based on the non-sinusoidal tidal drive function; generates a discrete instruction sequence based on each moment in the time series and the corresponding target water level value, and sends the instruction sequence to the servo motor. The servo motor operates according to the command sequence, which in turn drives the mechanical transmission mechanism to make the water level of the sea boundary water chamber move in a non-sinusoidal reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, so as to control the periodic fluctuation of the water level of the sea boundary water chamber.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Tracers are injected into the time-varying seepage field in the experimental reaction zone of porous media. The image acquisition system acquires spatiotemporal evolution images of tracer migration and performs grayscale and binarization processing to visualize and track the time-varying seepage field and the brackish water interface.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Spatiotemporal evolution images acquired at different preset temperatures were obtained, and the influence of temperature on the seawater intrusion process was analyzed based on these images.

Images