Composite photovoltaic cable
By setting an elastic support structure and thermal regulation components inside the inner sheath of the photovoltaic cable, the heat transfer path is adjusted, which solves the problem that the performance of the photovoltaic cable is affected by high temperature environment, and realizes normal operation and life extension under different temperature environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGTIAN TECH IND WIRE&CABLE SYST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
The performance of photovoltaic cables is affected by high-temperature environments, leading to a decline in normal operating performance.
The composite photovoltaic cable design includes an inner sheath and an outer sheath. The inner sheath is equipped with an elastic support structure and a thermal regulation component. The heat transfer path is adjusted by sliding support and thermal regulation structure when the temperature changes, avoiding the direct impact of high or low temperature environments on the electrical unit.
Effectively regulates heat transfer in photovoltaic cables under high and low temperature environments, ensuring normal operation of electrical units, avoiding the impact of overheating or undercooling on cable performance, and extending cable life.
Smart Images
Figure CN122201905A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic cable technology, and in particular to a composite photovoltaic cable. Background Technology
[0002] Photovoltaic cables are mainly used for power transmission. They are often in outdoor environments with large temperature differences between day and night. The outdoor environment where photovoltaic cables are located is also relatively hot during the day, which causes photovoltaic cables to operate in high-temperature environments for a long time, affecting their normal working performance. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides a composite photovoltaic cable to solve the problem that the performance of photovoltaic cables is affected by high-temperature environments in the known art.
[0004] This application provides a composite photovoltaic cable, including an inner sheath and an outer sheath, the outer sheath being disposed on the outer periphery of the inner sheath; the composite photovoltaic cable further includes multiple electrical units, a first thermal regulation component, and a second thermal regulation component; the multiple electrical units are disposed within the inner sheath; the first thermal regulation component is disposed within the inner sheath, the first thermal regulation component including an elastic support structure, a support member, and a thermal regulation structure, the elastic support structure being located at the middle position of the multiple electrical units, and the elastic support structure being used to elastically support the electrical units, and any one of the electrical units having a side away from the elastic support structure. A support member; the inner wall of the inner sheath is provided with a support groove, and the support member is partially slidably disposed in the support groove. The heat adjustment structure is located in the support groove, and based on the temperature change of the inner sheath, the heat adjustment structure is used to abut against the portion of the support member exposed in the support groove and separate it from the inner sheath, or to allow the portion of the support member exposed in the support groove to contact the inner sheath. A second heat adjustment component is disposed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the second heat adjustment component is used to thermally couple the inner sheath with the outer sheath or to decouple the inner sheath from the outer sheath.
[0005] In one possible implementation, the support member includes: A sliding part is slidably disposed within the support groove; A support portion is connected to the sliding portion and is located outside the support groove. One side of the support portion is used to abut against the electrical unit, and the other side is used to abut against the inner sheath.
[0006] In one possible implementation, the thermal regulation structure includes: A heat-insulating movable component is slidably disposed within the support groove, and the heat-insulating movable component is located on the side of the support component away from the electrical unit; A heat-adjusting mounting component is located within the support groove, and the heat-adjusting mounting component is located on the side of the heat-insulating movable component away from the support component; The thermally adjustable mounting component has a mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity has a thermally adjustable phase change structure. Based on the temperature change of the inner sheath, the thermally adjustable phase change structure can push the thermally insulating movable component to slide, thereby pushing the support component to slide towards one side of the electrical unit.
[0007] In one possible implementation, the elastic support structure includes: A central component has multiple sliding bases protruding from its outer periphery. The multiple sliding bases are correspondingly arranged with multiple electrical units. The central component is provided with a cooling structure for dissipating heat from the electrical units. Multiple sliding supports are provided corresponding to multiple sliding bases. One end of each sliding support is slidably connected to its corresponding sliding base, and the other end of each support abuts against the side of the electrical unit away from the inner sheath. Multiple elastic elements are provided corresponding to multiple sliding supports. The elastic elements are used to provide elastic force to their corresponding sliding supports, and based on the elastic force, the sliding supports move toward one side of the electrical unit.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the second thermal regulation component includes a first thermal regulation layer, a heat insulation layer, and a second thermal regulation layer. The first thermal regulation layer is disposed around the inner periphery of the outer sheath, and the second thermal regulation layer is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner sheath. The heat insulation layer is disposed between the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is used to prevent thermal coupling between the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer. The first thermal regulation layer is provided with a first receiving cavity, and the first receiving cavity is provided with a first phase change structure, which is configured to switch between solid and liquid states based on temperature changes. The second thermal regulation component further includes a first movable structure. The heat insulation layer is provided with a first movable hole. Based on the solid-liquid conversion of the first phase change structure, the first movable structure can slide within the first movable hole so that the first movable structure can switch between a heat-conducting state and a heat-insulating state. When the first active structure is in a thermally conductive state, the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer are thermally coupled through the first active structure; When the first active structure is in a heat-insulating state, the first active structure prevents thermal coupling between the first thermal conditioning layer and the second thermal conditioning layer.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the first active structure includes: The first movable component has one end connected to the first heat-regulating layer and the other end slidably disposed in the first movable hole; the end of the first movable component away from the first heat-regulating layer is provided with a first movable groove. The first heat-conducting element has one end connected to the second heat-regulating layer or the inner sheath, and the other end slidably disposed in the first movable groove; When the first movable structure is in a heat-conducting state, the first movable component is thermally coupled to the first heat-conducting component; when the first movable structure is in a heat-insulating state, the first movable component is decoupled from the first heat-conducting component.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting component near the first thermal regulation layer is provided with a first heat-conducting protrusion, and the first movable component is made of a heat-conducting material. The inner peripheral wall of the first movable groove is provided with a heat insulation groove, and a heat insulation part is provided in the heat insulation groove. The first heat-conducting protrusion can slide to contact only the heat insulation part.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the first thermal conditioning layer includes a first base layer and a plurality of first protrusions, wherein the plurality of first protrusions are disposed on the side of the first base layer near the second thermal conditioning layer. The second thermal conditioning layer includes a second base layer and a plurality of second protruding layers, wherein the plurality of second protruding layers are disposed on the side of the second base layer close to the first thermal conditioning layer; The plurality of first protrusions and the plurality of second protrusions are arranged alternately at intervals along the circumferential direction.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the first protrusion has the first receiving cavity, the volume of which is the same as that of the solid first phase change structure.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the first movable member is connected to the side of the first protrusion away from the first base layer, and a first movable gap is provided between the side of the first protrusion away from the first base layer and the heat insulation layer. The first movable gap allows the first protrusion to undergo elastic deformation toward the heat insulation layer.
[0014] The composite photovoltaic cable of this application supports multiple electrical units through an elastic support structure. When the inner sheath temperature is too high, the thermal regulation structure can move the support member towards the electrical unit, thereby moving the exposed portion of the support member away from the inner sheath. This prevents heat from the inner sheath from being transferred to the electrical unit through the support member, avoiding overheating of the electrical unit and affecting its normal operation. When the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic cable drops significantly, the thermal regulation structure no longer moves the support member towards the electrical unit. The elastic support structure can then push the electrical unit towards the inner sheath, causing the support member to press against the inner sheath. This allows the heat generated by the electrical unit to be transferred to the inner sheath and the outer sheath, preventing the photovoltaic cable from being affected by low-temperature environments and thus extending its lifespan. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite photovoltaic cable of this application in one embodiment.
[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of region A corresponding to the composite photovoltaic cable in the diagram.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first active structure of the composite photovoltaic cable of this application in one embodiment.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second active structure of the composite photovoltaic cable of this application in one embodiment.
[0019] Key component symbols: 10, Electrical unit; 11, Conductor; 12, Insulation layer; 20, Inner sheath; 21, Support groove; 30, Second thermal regulation assembly; 31, First thermal regulation layer; 32, Second thermal regulation layer; 33, Thermal insulation layer; 34, First movable structure; 35, Second movable structure; 36, First phase change structure; 37, Second phase change structure; 40, Outer sheath; 41, Thermotropic microcapsule; 50, First thermal regulation assembly; 51, Elastic support structure; 52, Support member; 53, Thermal regulation structure; 54, Thermally regulated phase change structure; 100, Composite photovoltaic cable; 211, First groove; 212, Second groove; 311, First base layer; 312, First protruding layer; 321, Second base layer; 322, Second protruding layer; 331, First movable hole; 332, First movable gap; 333, Second movable... 334. Hole; 341. Second movable gap; 342. First movable component; 343. First heat-conducting component; 344. Heat insulation part; 351. Second movable component; 352. Second heat-conducting component; 353. Heat-conducting part; 511. Center component; 512. Sliding support; 513. Elastic component; 521. Sliding part; 522. Support part; 531. Heat-insulating movable component; 532. Thermal adjustment mounting component; 3120. First receiving cavity; 3220. Second receiving cavity; 3410. Heat insulation groove; 3411. First annular protrusion; 3412. First movable groove; 3420. First heat-conducting protrusion; 3510. Heat-conducting groove; 3511. Second annular protrusion; 3512. Second movable groove; 3520. Second heat-conducting protrusion; 5111. Cooling structure; 5112. Sliding base; 5113. Supporting slide groove; 5320. Mounting cavity.
[0020] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The following description will refer to the accompanying drawings to provide a more complete picture of the present application. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These exemplary embodiments are provided to make the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar components.
[0022] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to also include the plural forms. Furthermore, when used herein, “comprising” and / or “including” and / or “having,” integers, steps, operations, components, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, components, and / or groups thereof.
[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Furthermore, unless expressly defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having the same meaning as they have in the relevant art and in the content of this application, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.
[0024] The specific embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite photovoltaic cable 100, including an inner sheath 20 and an outer sheath 40, with the outer sheath 40 disposed on the outer periphery of the inner sheath 20.
[0026] The composite photovoltaic cable 100 also includes multiple electrical units 10, a first thermal regulation component 50, and a second thermal regulation component 30. The multiple electrical units 10 are disposed within an inner sheath 20. The first thermal regulation component 50 is disposed within the inner sheath 20 and includes an elastic support structure 51, a support member 52, and a thermal regulation structure 53. The elastic support structure 51 is located at the center of the multiple electrical units 10 and is used to elastically support the electrical units 10. A support member 52 is provided on the side of any electrical unit 10 away from the elastic support structure 51. A support groove 21 is provided on the inner wall of the inner sheath 20, and the support member 52 is partially slidably disposed within the support groove 21. The thermal regulation structure 53 is located within the support groove 21, and based on the temperature change of the inner sheath 20, the thermal regulation structure 53 is used to either prevent the portion of the support member 52 exposed in the support groove 21 from separating from the inner sheath 20 or allow the portion of the support member 52 exposed in the support groove 21 to contact the inner sheath 20.
[0027] The second thermal adjustment component 30 is disposed between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40. The second thermal adjustment component 30 is used to thermally couple the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40 or to decouple the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40.
[0028] Thus, the composite photovoltaic cable 100 of this application supports multiple electrical units 10 through the elastic support structure 51. When the temperature of the inner sheath 20 is too high, the heat regulation structure 53 can move the support member 52 towards the side of the electrical unit 10, thereby moving the portion of the support member 52 exposed in the support groove 21 away from the inner sheath 20. This prevents the heat from the inner sheath 20 from being transferred to the electrical unit 10 through the support member 52, avoiding overheating of the electrical unit 10 and affecting its normal operation. When the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic cable drops significantly, the heat regulation structure 53 no longer moves the support member 52 towards the side of the electrical unit 10. The elastic support structure 51 can push the electrical unit 10 towards the inner sheath 20, thereby making the support member 52 press against the inner sheath 20. This allows the heat generated by the electrical unit 10 to be transferred to the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40, preventing the photovoltaic cable from being affected by low-temperature environments.
[0029] Please combine Figures 1 to 2 In one embodiment, the electrical unit 10 includes a conductor 11 and an insulating layer 12 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The conductor 11 can be made of conductive materials such as copper, and the insulating layer 12 can be made of insulating materials such as cross-linked polyethylene.
[0030] It is understood that in other embodiments, the electrical unit 10 may also include other layered structures such as a shielding layer or a water-blocking layer, and its specific structure may be adaptively increased or decreased according to actual needs.
[0031] In this embodiment, the inner sheath 20 has a circular structure and is disposed around the periphery of the plurality of electrical units 10. The number of the plurality of electrical units 10 can be three or four, and the specific number can be selected according to actual needs. The inner sheath 20 can be made of insulating materials such as cross-linked polyethylene, which has insulation properties as well as a certain degree of thermal conductivity.
[0032] In this embodiment, the outer sheath 40 is a circular structure, and the material of the outer sheath 40 is heat-resistant and radiation-resistant, such as special polyolefin or silicone rubber.
[0033] Please combine Figures 1 to 2 In one embodiment, the number of support grooves 21 is the same as the number of electrical units 10. Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the support grooves 21 extend from the inner periphery of the inner sheath 20 towards the side of the outer sheath 40. The cross-sectional shape of the support grooves 21 is approximately stepped, and each support groove 21 includes a first groove 211 and a second groove 212 that are connected to each other. The width of the first groove 211 is smaller than the width of the second groove 212, and the second groove 212 is located on the side of the first groove 211 closer to the outer sheath 40.
[0034] The support member 52 is made of a thermally conductive material, such as plastic, with thermally conductive filler inside to improve its thermal conductivity, allowing the heat generated by the electrical unit 10 to be transferred to the inner sheath 20. The cross-sectional shape of the support member 52 is also approximately stepped, and it includes a sliding portion 521 and a supporting portion 522. The sliding portion 521 is slidably disposed within the supporting groove 21. The supporting portion 522 is connected to the sliding portion 521 and is located outside the supporting groove 21. One side of the supporting portion 522 supports the electrical unit 10, and the other side supports the inner sheath 20.
[0035] Specifically, the sliding portion 521 can slide within the support groove 21 along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable. The width of the sliding portion 521 is smaller than the groove width of the first groove 211 to avoid direct contact between the sliding portion 521 and the inner sheath 20. The support portion 522 is integrally formed with the sliding portion 521, and the width of the support portion 522 is larger than the groove width of the first groove 211, so that the support portion 522 can abut against the inner circumferential surface of the inner sheath 20. In addition, the support portion 522 has a generally arc-shaped structure. Along the radial direction of the inner sheath 20, one side of the support portion 522 can fit against the surface of the inner sheath 20, and the other side of the support portion 522 can fit against the surface of the electrical unit 10, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency.
[0036] In this embodiment, the thermal regulation structure 53 includes a thermally insulating movable member 531 and a thermal regulation mounting member 532. The thermally insulating movable member 531 is slidably disposed within the second groove 212 along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, and is located on the side of the support member 52 away from the electrical unit 10. The thermally insulating movable member 531 is made of a thermally insulating material, such as silicone rubber. The cross-sectional shape of the thermally insulating movable member 531 is approximately stepped, allowing a portion of the thermally insulating movable member 531 to slide within the first groove 211, thereby pushing the sliding portion 521 towards the electrical unit 10. Furthermore, the stepped surface formed between the first groove 211 and the second groove 212 abuts against the portion of the thermally insulating movable member 531 located within the second groove 212, preventing the thermally insulating movable member 531 from detaching from the support groove 21.
[0037] The thermal adjustment mounting component 532 is located within the support groove 21, specifically within the second groove 212. Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the thermal adjustment mounting component 532 is located on the side of the heat-insulating movable component 531 away from the support component 52. The thermal adjustment mounting component 532 is made of a material capable of elastic deformation and possessing a certain thermal conductivity; alternatively, it can be made of rubber, with thermally conductive fillers such as alumina added to the rubber material to improve thermal conductivity.
[0038] The thermally adjustable mounting component 532 has a mounting cavity 5320, within which a thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 is installed. Based on the temperature change of the inner sheath 20, the thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 can push the thermally insulating movable component 531 to slide, thereby pushing the support component 52 to slide towards one side of the electrical unit 10. The thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 is configured to switch between solid and liquid states based on temperature changes. The thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 is made of a material that can change from a solid to a liquid state when heated, so as to achieve heat dissipation through the heat absorption of the thermally adjustable phase change structure 54. For example, the thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 can be made of materials such as paraffin wax, whose melting point is in the range of 60 to 80°C. In addition, the thermally adjustable phase change structure 54 can also be made of other materials with higher melting points, and the specific material can be adaptively selected according to the temperature required for heat dissipation of the cable.
[0039] The volume of the mounting cavity 5320 is the same as that of the solid-state thermally regulated phase change structure 54. The left and right sides of the thermally regulated mounting member 532, as well as the side near the outer sheath 40, are supported by the walls of the second groove 212. When the temperature of the inner sheath 20 rises, causing the thermally regulated phase change structure 54 to change from a solid to a liquid state, the thermally regulated mounting member 532 undergoes elastic deformation towards the heat-insulating movable member 531, thereby supporting the heat-insulating movable member 531 as it moves towards the electrical unit 10. This causes the support portion 522 to move away from the inner sheath 20 and not contact it. The heat-insulating movable member 531 is made of a heat-insulating material, such as silicone rubber. When the support portion 522 is not in contact with the inner sheath 20, the sliding portion 521 of the support member 52 contacts the heat-insulating movable member 531. Since the heat-insulating movable member 531 is made of a heat-insulating material, the inner sheath 20 and the support member 52 do not directly contact each other, thus preventing heat transfer. In addition, the heat-insulating movable part 531 is made of heat-insulating material, which can ensure that the heat generated by the electric unit 10 will not be transferred to the heat-regulating mounting part 532 through the support part 52 and the heat-insulating movable part 531, so as not to cause the heat-regulating phase change structure 54 in the heat-regulating mounting part 532 to melt due to heat, and ensure that the heat-regulating phase change structure 54 is mainly affected by the temperature of the inner sheath 20.
[0040] In addition, the thermal adjustment mounting component 532 can be pre-set with a tiny gas channel that connects to the mounting cavity 5320, so that when the thermal adjustment phase change structure 54 changes from liquid to solid, gas will enter and prevent the mounting cavity 5320 from collapsing due to a negative pressure environment.
[0041] Please combine Figures 1 to 2 In one embodiment, the elastic support structure 51 includes a central member 511, a plurality of sliding supports 512 and a plurality of elastic members 513.
[0042] The central component 511 is generally a hollow cylindrical structure and is made of a thermally conductive material such as metal. Multiple sliding bases 5112 protrude from the outer periphery of the central component 511, and these sliding bases 5112 are correspondingly arranged with multiple electrical units 10. In this embodiment, there are four electrical units 10, and correspondingly, there are four sliding bases 5112. The four sliding bases 5112 are evenly spaced around the axis of the central component 511, meaning the central angle between any two adjacent sliding bases 5112 is 90°.
[0043] The central component 511 is equipped with a cooling structure 5111 for dissipating heat from the electrical unit 10. The cooling structure 5111 can be a cooling pipe inserted within the central component 511. This cooling pipe can be externally connected to a cooling water circulation device, allowing coolant to circulate within the cooling pipe, thereby dissipating heat from the central component 511 through the cooling structure 5111. Heat transfer between the central component 511 and the electrical unit 10 is achieved through the sliding base 5112 and the sliding support 512, thus dissipating heat from the electrical unit 10.
[0044] It is understood that in other embodiments, the cooling structure 5111 may also be an air-cooled pipe passing through the central member 511. The air-cooled pipe may be connected to an external air circulation device so that the cold air can circulate within the air-cooled pipe.
[0045] In this embodiment, multiple sliding supports 512 are correspondingly provided with multiple sliding bases 5112, that is, the number of sliding support pieces 512 52 is also four. One end of the sliding support 512 is slidably connected to its corresponding sliding base 5112, and its other end abuts against the side of the electrical unit 10 away from the inner sheath 20.
[0046] Along the radial direction of the inner sheath 20, a support groove 5113 is provided at the end of the sliding base 5112 away from the center member 511. One end of the sliding support 512 is slidably disposed in the support groove 5113, and the other end of the sliding support 512 is provided with an arc-shaped portion, which is generally arc-shaped and fits against the surface of the electrical unit 10. The sliding base 5112, the sliding support 512, and the arc-shaped portion are all made of thermally conductive material, which can be metal or non-metallic material with added thermally conductive filler.
[0047] Multiple elastic elements 513 are correspondingly arranged with multiple sliding supports 512, and each support groove 5113 contains one elastic element 513. The elastic element 513 is a spring, and is placed radially within the support groove 5113 along the inner sleeve 20. One end of the elastic element 513 is elastically connected to the bottom wall of the support groove 5113, and the other end is elastically connected to the end of the sliding support 512 that extends into the support groove 5113, so as to provide an elastic force to the sliding support 512 through the elastic element 513. Based on this elastic force, the sliding support 512 always has a tendency to move towards the side of the electric unit 10. Thus, when the thermally regulated phase change structure 54 changes from liquid to solid, the elastic element 513 can support the electric unit 10 to move towards the side of the inner sleeve 20, thereby causing the electric unit 10 to push the support 52 to move to the support portion 522 to support the inner sleeve 20, thereby allowing the electric unit 10 to transfer heat to the inner sleeve 20. In addition, the elastic element 513 also ensures that the heat-adjusting mounting part 532 can be roughly restored to its original shape.
[0048] The working principle of the first thermal regulation component 50 is explained below: When photovoltaic cables are laid outdoors, the electrical unit 10 is in a non-operating state, and the photovoltaic cable is exposed to a high-temperature environment. At this time, the inner sheath 20 is at a high temperature, causing the thermally regulated phase change structure 54 to change from a solid state to a liquid state, which in turn pushes the support part 522 away from the inner sheath 20, so that the electrical unit 10 and the inner sheath 20 do not come into contact through the support part 522, thereby preventing the heat generated by the inner sheath 20 from being directly transferred to the electrical unit 10.
[0049] When the photovoltaic cable is in operation, the electrical unit 10 is in working condition. When the inner sheath 20 is at a high temperature, the thermally regulated phase change structure 54 changes from a solid state to a liquid state, thereby pushing the support portion 522 away from the inner sheath 20. This prevents the electrical unit 10 from contacting the inner sheath 20 through the support portion 522, thus avoiding direct heat transfer from the inner sheath 20 to the electrical unit 10. In this state, the electrical unit 10 can cool itself through the cooling structure 5111. When the ambient temperature drops to a lower level, the inner sheath 20 and outer sheath 40 become colder, the thermally regulated phase change structure 54 changes from a liquid state to a solid state, and the elastic element 513 pushes the support portion 522 against the inner sheath 20. This allows the heat generated by the electrical unit 10 during operation to be transferred to the inner sheath 20 and outer sheath 40, thus preventing the performance of the inner sheath 20 and outer sheath 40 from being affected by the low temperature environment.
[0050] Thus, multi-level temperature control of photovoltaic cables can be achieved through the above two methods.
[0051] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 And see Figure 1In one embodiment, the second thermal regulation assembly 30 includes a first thermal regulation layer 31, a heat insulation layer 33, and a second thermal regulation layer 32. The first thermal regulation layer 31 is disposed around the inner periphery of the outer sheath 40, and the second thermal regulation layer 32 is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner sheath 20. The heat insulation layer 33 is disposed between the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32, and the heat insulation layer 33 is used to prevent thermal coupling between the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32. The first thermal regulation layer 31 has a first receiving cavity 3120, and the first receiving cavity 3120 has a first phase change structure 36, which is configured to switch between solid and liquid states based on temperature changes.
[0052] The second thermal regulation component 30 also includes a first movable structure 34. The heat insulation layer 33 has a first movable hole 331. Based on the solid-liquid conversion of the first phase change structure 36, the first movable structure 34 can slide within the first movable hole 331, allowing it to switch between a heat-conducting state and a heat-insulating state. When the first movable structure 34 is in the heat-conducting state, the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32 are thermally coupled through the first movable structure 34. When the first movable structure 34 is in the heat-insulating state, it prevents thermal coupling between the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32.
[0053] Thus, the composite photovoltaic cable 100 of this application, by providing a second thermal regulation component 30 between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40, and the heat insulation layer 33 in the second thermal regulation component 30, can prevent heat transfer between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40. When the outer sheath 40 is heated and the first movable structure 34 is in a heat-insulating state, the heat insulation layer 33, in conjunction with the first movable structure 34 in a heat-insulating state, can prevent the outer sheath 40 from transferring the heat generated by sunlight to the inner sheath 20. When the ambient temperature of the outer sheath 40 decreases, the first movable structure 34 is in a heat-conducting state. On the one hand, it can transfer the heat generated by the battery cell assembly during operation to the outer sheath 40 through the first movable structure 34, preventing the outer sheath 40 from undergoing adverse performance changes in extremely low temperatures. On the other hand, it can prevent the excessive heat generated by the battery cell assembly from accumulating inside the inner sheath 20, which would lead to adverse performance changes in the inner sheath 20.
[0054] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the first thermal regulation layer 31 includes a first base layer 311 and a plurality of first protrusions 312. The first base layer 311 has a circular structure and is disposed in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the outer sheath 40. The first base layer 311 is made of an insulating material that can undergo elastic deformation, and the first base layer 311 has a certain thermal conductivity. For example, the first base layer 311 can be made of rubber, and thermally conductive fillers such as alumina can be added to the rubber material to improve the thermal conductivity of the rubber material.
[0055] Multiple first protrusions 312 are disposed on the side of the first base layer 311 near the second heat-regulating layer 32. The shape of the first protrusions 312 is approximately rectangular, and the multiple first protrusions 312 are distributed sequentially at intervals around the central axis of the cable. The multiple first protrusions 312 are integrally formed with the first base layer 311, and the multiple first protrusions 312 are made of the same material as the first base layer 311, so that the outer sheath 40, the first base layer 311, and the multiple first protrusions 312 are thermally coupled to each other to facilitate heat transfer.
[0056] In this embodiment, the second heat-regulating layer 32 includes a second base layer 321 and a plurality of second protrusions 322. The second base layer 321 has a circular structure and is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner sheath 20. The second base layer 321 is made of the same material as the first base layer 311 described above.
[0057] Multiple second protrusions 322 are disposed on the side of the second base layer 321 near the first heat-regulating layer 31. The second protrusions 322 are approximately rectangular in shape, and are distributed sequentially at intervals around the central axis of the cable. The multiple second protrusions 322 are integrally formed with the second base layer 321, and are made of the same material as the second base layer 321, so that the inner sheath 20, the second base layer 321, and the multiple second protrusions 322 are thermally coupled to each other to facilitate heat transfer.
[0058] In this structure, multiple first protrusions 312 and multiple second protrusions 322 are alternately arranged circumferentially, meaning that a gap is formed between any two adjacent first protrusions 312 along the direction surrounding the central axis of the cable, and a second protrusion 322 is accommodated therein. Thus, the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32 have a roughly sawtooth structure, and the heat insulation layer 33 is fitted between the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32. This ensures the circumferential stability of the three layers, preventing misalignment and other problems. Furthermore, this three-layer fitted structure prevents the overall size of the photovoltaic cable from becoming too large due to the addition of the second thermal regulation component 30.
[0059] In this embodiment, a first receiving cavity 3120 is provided within the first protrusion 312, which houses the first phase change structure 36. A second receiving cavity 3220 is provided within the second protrusion 322, which houses the second phase change structure 37, which is configured to switch between solid and liquid states based on temperature changes. Both the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 are materials that can change from solid to liquid upon heating, thereby achieving heat dissipation through the heat absorption of the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37. For example, the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 can be made of materials such as paraffin wax, whose melting point is in the range of 60 to 80°C. Alternatively, the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 can also be made of other materials with higher melting points, and the specific materials can be adaptively selected according to the temperature required for heat dissipation of the cable. Meanwhile, the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 can also be made of materials with higher supercooling, so that the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 can change from liquid to solid at a temperature lower than the melting point, thereby enhancing the heat release capacity of the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37. Materials with greater supercooling, such as modified eutectic brine gel, can be selected.
[0060] Thus, by placing the first phase change structure 36 within the first convex layer 312 and the second phase change structure 37 within the second convex layer 322, the three-layer interlocking structure of the second thermal regulation component 30 can be used to circumferentially array multiple first phase change structures 36 and multiple second phase change structures 37, ensuring the balance of circumferential heat dissipation and improving the heat dissipation effect of the entire photovoltaic cable.
[0061] It is worth noting that the volume of the first receiving cavity 3120 is the same as that of the solid first phase change structure 36, and the volume of the second receiving cavity 3220 is the same as that of the solid second phase change structure 37, so that when the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 absorb heat and begin to transition to the liquid state, the volume of the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 increases, causing the first protrusion 312 and the second protrusion 322 to undergo elastic deformation.
[0062] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the first movable structure 34 includes a first movable member 341 and a first heat-conducting member 342. Viewed from the cross-section of the photovoltaic cable, the first movable member 341 is arranged radially along the photovoltaic cable. One end of the first movable member 341 is connected to the first thermal regulation layer 31, specifically to the side of the first protrusion layer 312 away from the first base layer 311. The connection between the first movable member 341 and the first protrusion layer 312 is located in the middle of the first protrusion layer 312. The other end of the first movable member 341 is slidably disposed within the first movable hole 331.
[0063] Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the first movable hole 331 penetrates the heat insulation layer 33, and the outer diameter of the first movable member 341 is approximately the same as the diameter of the first movable hole 331, so that the outer peripheral surface of the first movable member 341 abuts against the hole wall of the first movable hole 331, thereby guiding the first movable member 341 to slide along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable through the first movable hole 331.
[0064] The first movable member 341 has a first movable groove 3412 at the end away from the first protrusion 312. The first movable groove 3412 is formed by extending inward from the end of the first movable member 341 away from the first protrusion 312 along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable.
[0065] One end of the first heat-conducting element 342 is connected to the second heat-regulating layer 32 or the inner sheath 20, and the other end is slidably disposed within the first movable groove 3412. One end of the first heat-conducting element 342 can be directly connected to the side of the second base layer 321 away from the inner sheath 20, or it can pass through the second base layer 321 and be connected to the outside of the inner sheath 20. When the first heat-conducting element 342 is connected to the outside of the inner sheath 20, based on the fact that the first heat-conducting element 342 passes through the second base layer 321, it can play a circumferential limiting role on the second base layer 321, and based on the three-layer interlocking structure of the second heat-regulating assembly 30, the circumferential limiting of the entire second heat-regulating assembly 30 can be guaranteed.
[0066] Furthermore, a first thermally conductive protrusion 3420 is provided around the outer periphery of the end of the first thermally conductive element 342 near the first thermal regulating layer 31. The outer diameter of the first thermally conductive protrusion 3420 is larger than the outer diameter of the first thermally conductive element 342, so that the first thermally conductive element 342 is in a non-contact state with the inner wall of the first movable groove 3412, while the first thermally conductive protrusion 3420 is in contact with the inner wall of the first movable groove 3412. The first thermally conductive protrusion 3420 and the first thermally conductive element 342 are integrally formed, and both are made of thermally conductive material, which can be metal or non-metallic material with added thermally conductive filler, to achieve thermal coupling between the inner sheath 20, the first thermally conductive element 342, and the first thermally conductive protrusion 3420.
[0067] The first movable component 341 is made of a thermally conductive material. The first movable component 341 can be made of metal or a non-metallic material with added thermally conductive filler. The first movable component 341 is thermally coupled to the first protrusion 312 to achieve heat transfer between the first movable component 341 and the first protrusion 312.
[0068] The inner peripheral wall of the first movable groove 3412 is provided with a heat insulation groove 3410. Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the length of the heat insulation groove 3410 is less than the length of the first movable groove 3412, so that the inner peripheral surface at the opening of the first movable groove 3412 forms a first annular protrusion 3411. A heat insulation part 343 is provided inside the heat insulation groove 3410. The heat insulation part 343 is made of heat insulation material, such as mica tape. The heat insulation part 343 is located on the side of the first annular protrusion 3411 close to the first protrusion layer 312, and the inner peripheral surface of the heat insulation part 343 is coplanar with the inner peripheral surface of the first annular protrusion 3411, so that the first heat-conducting protrusion 3420 can slide along the inner peripheral surfaces of the heat insulation part 343 and the first annular protrusion 3411.
[0069] Furthermore, a first movable gap 332 is provided between the side of the first protrusion 312 away from the first base layer 311 and the heat insulation layer 33, which allows the first protrusion 312 to elastically deform toward the heat insulation layer 33. The heat insulation layer 33 is spaced apart from the first protrusion 312 on the left and right sides of the first movable hole 331, thus forming the first movable gap 332. Based on the three-layer interlocking structure of the second heat regulation assembly 30, the circumferential direction of the first protrusion 312 is covered by the heat insulation layer 33, making it difficult to deform to the left and right sides. Moreover, the outer side of the first heat regulation layer 31 is covered by the outer sheath 40, making it difficult for the first protrusion 312 to deform toward the side of the first base layer 311. The provision of the first movable gap 332 makes it easier for the first protrusion 312 to elastically deform toward the side of the inner sheath 20.
[0070] Specifically, the heat insulation layer 33 has an inclined surface on the side of the area on the left and right sides of the first movable hole 331 that is close to the first protrusion 312. The inclined surfaces of the two areas are arranged in a figure-eight shape and are inclined toward the side of the inner sheath 20, so as to more easily guide the first protrusion 312 to undergo elastic deformation toward the side of the inner sheath 20.
[0071] Thus, when the temperature of the outer sheath 40 is lower than the melting point of the first phase change structure 36, the first phase change structure 36 is solid, and the first thermally conductive protrusion 3420 contacts the first annular protrusion 3411, thereby thermally coupling the first movable member 341 and the first thermally conductive member 342, thus realizing heat transfer between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40. At this time, the inner sheath 20 can transfer heat to the outer sheath 40, avoiding excessive heat generation during the operation of the battery cell assembly, which would cause heat accumulation inside the inner sheath 20.
[0072] When the temperature of the outer sheath 40 is high, causing the first phase change structure 36 to melt, the volume of the first phase change structure 36 increases, causing the first protrusion 312 to undergo elastic deformation toward the inner sheath 20. This causes the first movable member 341 to slide toward the side of the inner sheath 20 until the first heat-conducting protrusion 3420 only contacts the heat-insulating part 343 (i.e., the first heat-conducting protrusion 3420 does not contact the first annular protrusion 3411). At this time, the first movable structure 34 is in a heat-insulating state, and there is no heat transfer between the first movable member 341 and the first heat-conducting member 342. Therefore, there is no heat transfer between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40, preventing the outer sheath 40 from transferring heat to the inner sheath 20 and causing the inner sheath 20 to become too hot.
[0073] Meanwhile, when the outdoor environment is cold, the first phase change structure 36 changes from a liquid to a solid state, and the heat stored in the first phase change structure 36 can be released, thus delaying the rapid temperature drop of the outer sheath 40. In this case, a heating wire and a temperature sensing wire can be installed inside the outer sheath 40 so that during the process from when the temperature sensing wire detects a rapid temperature drop to when the heating wire starts to work, the first phase change structure 36 plays a heating role to delay the temperature drop of the outer sheath 40 and avoid affecting the service life of the outer sheath 40.
[0074] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the second thermal regulation component 30 further includes a second movable structure 35. The heat insulation layer 33 is provided with a second movable hole 333. Based on the solid-liquid conversion of the second phase change structure 37, the second movable structure 35 can slide within the second movable hole 333 to switch between a thermally conductive state and a thermally insulating state. When the second movable structure 35 is in the thermally conductive state, the second thermal regulation layer 32 and the first thermal regulation layer 31 are thermally coupled through the second movable structure 35. When the second movable structure 35 is in the thermally insulating state, the second movable structure 35 prevents thermal coupling between the second thermal regulation layer 32 and the first thermal regulation layer 31.
[0075] The second movable structure 35 includes a second movable member 351 and a second heat-conducting member 352. One end of the second movable member 351 is connected to the second heat-regulating layer 32, and the other end is slidably disposed within the second movable hole 333. The end of the second movable member 351 away from the second heat-regulating layer 32 is provided with a second movable groove 3512. One end of the second heat-conducting member 352 is connected to the first heat-regulating layer 31 or the outer sheath 40, and the other end is slidably disposed within the second movable groove 3512.
[0076] From the cross-section of the photovoltaic cable, the second movable member 351 is arranged radially along the photovoltaic cable. One end of the second movable member 351 is connected to the side of the second protrusion 322 away from the second base layer 321, and the connection between the second movable member 351 and the second protrusion 322 is located in the middle of the second protrusion 322. The other end of the second movable member 351 is slidably disposed in the second movable hole 333.
[0077] Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the second movable hole 333 penetrates the heat insulation layer 33, and the outer diameter of the second movable member 351 is approximately the same as the diameter of the second movable hole 333, so that the outer peripheral surface of the second movable member 351 abuts against the hole wall of the second movable hole 333, thereby guiding the second movable member 351 to slide along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable through the second movable hole 333.
[0078] The second movable groove 3512 is formed by extending inward from the end of the second movable member 351 away from the second protrusion 322. One end of the second heat-conducting member 352 can be directly connected to the side of the first base layer 311 away from the outer sheath 40, or it can pass through the first base layer 311 and be connected to the inner side of the outer sheath 40. When the second heat-conducting member 352 is connected to the inner side of the outer sheath 40, since the second heat-conducting member 352 passes through the first base layer 311, it can play a circumferential limiting role on the first base layer 311. Based on the three-layer interlocking structure of the second heat-regulating assembly 30, the circumferential limiting of the entire second heat-regulating assembly 30 can be guaranteed.
[0079] Furthermore, a second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 is provided around the outer periphery of one end of the second heat-regulating layer 32. The outer diameter of the second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 is larger than the outer diameter of the second heat-conducting element 352, so that the second heat-conducting element 352 is in a non-contact state with the inner wall of the second movable groove 3512, while the second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 is in contact with the inner wall of the second movable groove 3512. The second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 and the second heat-conducting element 352 are integrally formed, and both are made of heat-conducting material, which can be metal or non-metallic material with added heat-conducting filler, to achieve thermal coupling between the outer sheath 40, the second heat-conducting element 352, and the second heat-conducting protrusion 3520.
[0080] The second movable component 351 is made of a heat-insulating material, such as mica tape. The inner peripheral wall of the second movable groove 3512 is provided with a heat-conducting groove 3510. Along the radial direction of the photovoltaic cable, the length of the heat-conducting groove 3510 is less than the length of the second movable groove 3512, so that the inner peripheral surface at the opening of the second movable groove 3512 forms a second annular protrusion 3511. A heat-conducting part 353 is provided within the heat-conducting groove 3510. The heat-conducting part 353 is made of a heat-conducting material, such as a metal, or a non-metallic material with added heat-conducting filler. The heat-conducting part 353 is located on the side of the second annular protrusion 3511 closest to the inner sheath 20, and the end of the heat-conducting part 353 away from the second annular protrusion 3511 is in contact with and thermally coupled to the second protruding layer 322 to achieve heat transfer between the heat-conducting part 353 and the second protruding layer 322. The inner peripheral surface of the heat-conducting part 353 is coplanar with the inner peripheral surface of the second annular protrusion 3511, so that the second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 can slide along the inner peripheral surfaces of the heat-conducting part 353 and the second annular protrusion 3511.
[0081] Furthermore, a second movable gap 334 is provided between the side of the second protrusion 322 away from the second base layer 321 and the heat insulation layer 33, which allows the second protrusion 322 to elastically deform toward the heat insulation layer 33. The heat insulation layer 33 is spaced apart from the second protrusion 322 on the left and right sides of the second movable hole 333, thus forming the second movable gap 334. Based on the three-layer interlocking structure of the second heat regulation assembly 30, the second protrusion 322 is circumferentially covered by the heat insulation layer 33 and is not easily deformed to the left and right sides, and the outer side of the second heat regulation layer 32 is supported by the inner sheath 20, making it difficult for the second protrusion to deform toward the side of the second base layer 321. The provision of the second movable gap 334 makes it easier for the second protrusion 322 to elastically deform toward the side of the outer sheath 40.
[0082] Specifically, the heat insulation layer 33 has an inclined surface on the side of the area on both sides of the second movable hole 333 that is close to the second protrusion 322. The inclined surfaces of the two areas are arranged in a figure-eight shape and are inclined toward the side of the outer sheath 40, so as to more easily guide the second protrusion 322 to undergo elastic deformation toward the side of the outer sheath 40.
[0083] Thus, when the temperature of the inner sheath 20 is lower than the melting point of the second phase change structure 37, the second phase change structure 37 is solid, and the second heat-conducting protrusion 3520 contacts the second annular protrusion 3511, thereby thermally isolating the second movable member 351 from the second heat-conducting member 352, preventing heat transfer between the second movable member 351 and the second heat-conducting member 352, and preventing heat transfer between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40, thus preventing the outer sheath 40 from transferring heat to the inner sheath 20 and causing the inner sheath 20 to become too hot.
[0084] When the temperature of the inner sheath 20 is high, causing the second phase change structure 37 to melt, the volume of the second phase change structure 37 increases, causing the second protrusion 322 to elastically deform towards the outer sheath 40. This causes the second movable member 351 to slide towards the side of the outer sheath 40 until the second thermally conductive protrusion 3520 contacts the thermally conductive part 353. At this time, the second movable structure 35 is in a thermally conductive state, and heat transfer occurs between the second movable member 351 and the second thermally conductive part 352, thus heat transfer occurs between the inner sheath 20 and the outer sheath 40. In this way, the inner sheath 20 can transfer heat to the outer sheath 40, preventing excessive heat generation during the operation of the battery cell assembly from causing heat accumulation within the inner sheath 20.
[0085] Simultaneously, when the outdoor environment is cold, the second phase change structure 37 changes from a liquid to a solid state, and the heat stored in the second phase change structure 37 can be released, thus delaying the rapid temperature drop of the inner sheath 20. In this case, a temperature sensing wire can be run inside the inner sheath 20. During the process where the temperature sensing wire detects a rapid temperature drop leading to increased power output and increased heat generation in the battery cell assembly, the second phase change structure 37 will generate heat to delay the temperature drop of the inner sheath 20, preventing any impact on its service life. It is understandable that a heating wire can also be run inside the inner sheath 20 to generate heat.
[0086] Furthermore, when the outer sheath 40 has a high temperature, the first phase change structure 36 is in a liquid state, and when the inner sheath 20 has a high temperature, the second phase change structure 37 is in a liquid state. That is, when the photovoltaic cable is in a high-temperature or low-temperature environment, at least one of the phase change structures of the first thermal regulation layer 31 and the second thermal regulation layer 32 is in a liquid state, which can cooperate with the three-layer interlocking structure of the second thermal regulation component 30 to form a buffer structure in the radial direction of the entire photovoltaic cable, thereby improving the compressive strength of the entire photovoltaic cable.
[0087] Furthermore, both the first movable structure 34 and the second movable structure 35 adopt a radial sliding structure, which can also work in conjunction with the aforementioned three-layer interlocking structure to achieve radial sliding buffering, thereby improving the overall compressive strength of the photovoltaic cable. The aforementioned elastic support structure 51 can also provide radial buffering protection for the electrical unit 10, further enhancing the overall compressive strength of the photovoltaic cable.
[0088] In other embodiments, the first protrusion 312 and the second protrusion 322 may have a small gas channel that connects the first receiving cavity 3120 and the second receiving cavity 3220, so that when the first phase change structure 36 and the second phase change structure 37 change from liquid to solid, gas will enter and prevent the first receiving cavity 3120 and the second receiving cavity 3220 from collapsing due to a negative pressure environment.
[0089] Please combine Figure 1In one embodiment, the outer sheath 40 contains a thermotropic microcapsule 41, and the thermotropic microcapsule 41 contains a rodent-repellent filler. The rodent-repellent filler can be capsaicin or the like. When a mouse gnaws on the outer sheath 40, the friction between the mouse's teeth and the outer sheath 40 generates heat, causing the capsaicin in the thermotropic microcapsule 41 to be released, thus repelling the mouse.
[0090] The specific embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made to the specific embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of this application. All such changes and substitutions fall within the scope defined by this application.
Claims
1. A composite photovoltaic cable, comprising an inner sheath and an outer sheath, wherein the outer sheath is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner sheath; characterized in that, The composite photovoltaic cable also includes: Multiple electrical units are disposed within the inner sheath; A first thermal regulation assembly is disposed within the inner sheath. The first thermal regulation assembly includes an elastic support structure, a support member, and a thermal regulation structure. The elastic support structure is located at the middle position of the plurality of electrical units and is used to elastically support the electrical units. Each electrical unit has a support member on the side away from the elastic support structure. The inner wall of the inner sheath is provided with a support groove, the support member is slidably disposed in the support groove, the heat adjustment structure is located in the support groove, and based on the temperature change of the inner sheath, the heat adjustment structure is used to resist the separation of the portion of the support member exposed in the support groove from the inner sheath or to allow the portion of the support member exposed in the support groove to contact the inner sheath. A second thermal adjustment component is disposed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath. The second thermal adjustment component is used to thermally couple the inner sheath with the outer sheath or to decouple the inner sheath from the outer sheath.
2. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support member includes: A sliding part is slidably disposed within the support groove; A support portion is connected to the sliding portion and is located outside the support groove. One side of the support portion is used to abut against the electrical unit, and the other side is used to abut against the inner sheath.
3. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal regulation structure includes: A heat-insulating movable component is slidably disposed within the support groove, and the heat-insulating movable component is located on the side of the support component away from the electrical unit; A heat-adjusting mounting component is located within the support groove, and the heat-adjusting mounting component is located on the side of the heat-insulating movable component away from the support component; The thermally adjustable mounting component has a mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity has a thermally adjustable phase change structure. Based on the temperature change of the inner sheath, the thermally adjustable phase change structure can push the thermally insulating movable component to slide, thereby pushing the support component to slide towards one side of the electrical unit.
4. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support structure includes: A central component has multiple sliding bases protruding from its outer periphery. The multiple sliding bases are correspondingly arranged with multiple electrical units. The central component is provided with a cooling structure for dissipating heat from the electrical units. Multiple sliding supports are provided corresponding to multiple sliding bases. One end of each sliding support is slidably connected to its corresponding sliding base, and the other end of each support abuts against the side of the electrical unit away from the inner sheath. Multiple elastic elements are provided corresponding to multiple sliding supports. The elastic elements are used to provide elastic force to their corresponding sliding supports, and based on the elastic force, the sliding supports move toward one side of the electrical unit.
5. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second thermal regulation component includes a first thermal regulation layer, a heat insulation layer, and a second thermal regulation layer. The first thermal regulation layer is disposed around the inner periphery of the outer sheath, and the second thermal regulation layer is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner sheath. The heat insulation layer is disposed between the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is used to prevent thermal coupling between the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer. The first thermal regulation layer is provided with a first receiving cavity, and the first receiving cavity is provided with a first phase change structure, which is configured to switch between solid and liquid states based on temperature changes. The second thermal regulation component further includes a first movable structure. The heat insulation layer is provided with a first movable hole. Based on the solid-liquid conversion of the first phase change structure, the first movable structure can slide within the first movable hole so that the first movable structure can switch between a heat-conducting state and a heat-insulating state. When the first active structure is in a thermally conductive state, the first thermal regulation layer and the second thermal regulation layer are thermally coupled through the first active structure; When the first active structure is in a heat-insulating state, the first active structure prevents thermal coupling between the first thermal conditioning layer and the second thermal conditioning layer.
6. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first active structure includes: The first movable component has one end connected to the first heat-regulating layer and the other end slidably disposed in the first movable hole; the end of the first movable component away from the first heat-regulating layer is provided with a first movable groove. The first heat-conducting element has one end connected to the second heat-regulating layer or the inner sheath, and the other end slidably disposed in the first movable groove; When the first movable structure is in a heat-conducting state, the first movable component is thermally coupled to the first heat-conducting component; when the first movable structure is in a heat-insulating state, the first movable component is decoupled from the first heat-conducting component.
7. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the first heat-conducting component near the first thermal regulation layer is provided with a first heat-conducting protrusion, and the first movable component is made of a heat-conducting material. The inner peripheral wall of the first movable groove is provided with a heat insulation groove, and a heat insulation part is provided in the heat insulation groove. The first heat-conducting protrusion can slide to contact only the heat insulation part.
8. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first thermal conditioning layer includes a first base layer and a plurality of first protruding layers, wherein the plurality of first protruding layers are disposed on the side of the first base layer near the second thermal conditioning layer; The second thermal conditioning layer includes a second base layer and a plurality of second protruding layers, wherein the plurality of second protruding layers are disposed on the side of the second base layer close to the first thermal conditioning layer; The plurality of first protrusions and the plurality of second protrusions are arranged alternately at intervals along the circumferential direction.
9. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first protrusion has the first receiving cavity, and the volume of the first receiving cavity is the same as that of the solid first phase change structure.
10. The composite photovoltaic cable as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first movable member is connected to the side of the first protrusion away from the first base layer, and a first movable gap is provided between the side of the first protrusion away from the first base layer and the heat insulation layer. The first movable gap allows the first protrusion to undergo elastic deformation toward the heat insulation layer.