Anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator, which comprises a support, a shed skirt, a strip-shaped resistance sheet and a weight sensor; the shed skirt is fixedly installed on the support and vertically arrayed; the height of the right side of the shed skirt is slightly higher than that of the left side, and the whole shed skirt is in an inclined posture; the strip-shaped resistance sheet is arranged at the lowest point of the left side of the shed skirt; the weight sensor is arranged at the bottom of the support and electrically connected with the strip-shaped resistance sheet; the weight sensor detects the weight of the support, and then adjusts the power of the strip-shaped resistance sheet to melt ice, the shed skirt is arranged in an inclined structure, and a point where ice is easy to condense is artificially set, the strip-shaped resistance sheet is arranged at the point, targeted heating is realized, and the energy consumption waste caused by the overall heating in the prior art is avoided; the power of the resistance sheet is dynamically adjusted through weight and temperature double monitoring, two-stage protection thresholds are arranged, different situations can be responded to quickly and alarms can be given, and the needs of users are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulation protection technology for high-voltage power equipment, and in particular to an anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage porcelain insulators are key insulating components in power transmission systems. They are mainly composed of a porcelain insulating body and metal connectors. Their core function is to electrically isolate the transmission lines from the towers, while also bearing the forces of gravity and wind on the lines, ensuring the safety and stability of power transmission.

[0003] In high-humidity areas, ice crystals easily condense and form on the surface of the sheds of high-voltage porcelain insulators. These ice crystals can create a complete bridging between adjacent sheds, causing damage to the insulation performance of the insulator surface, a sharp drop in flashover voltage, and ultimately, a line flashover fault. To solve this problem, existing protective devices often use heating elements inside the insulator to melt the surface ice and snow by heating the entire interior of the insulator. However, this overall heating method results in excessive energy consumption and has limitations.

[0004] The reason for this problem is that the continuous replenishment of water vapor in the air under high humidity conditions allows the icicles on the surface of the umbrella skirt to accumulate and thicken continuously. Since the gap between adjacent umbrella skirts is relatively small, when the icicles grow to a certain thickness, they will cross the gap between adjacent umbrella skirts and eventually form a completely bridged state, which has limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator, comprising a support post, a skirt, a strip resistor sheet, and a weight sensor; The umbrella skirt is fixedly installed on the support column. The umbrella skirt is arranged in a vertical array, with the right side of the umbrella skirt being slightly higher than the left side. The umbrella skirt is tilted as a whole. The strip resistor is located at the lowest point on the left side of the umbrella skirt. The weight sensor is located at the bottom of the support column and is electrically connected to the strip resistor. The weight sensor detects the weight of the support column and then adjusts the power of the strip resistor to melt the ice.

[0007] Preferably, a mounting base is fixedly installed on the top of the support column, and the mounting base is made of a conductor material.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting base is provided with a snap-fit ​​ring, and a high-voltage line is provided on the mounting base, with the mounting base and the snap-fit ​​ring clamping the high-voltage line therebetween.

[0009] Preferably, the snap ring has a locking bolt inside, and the locking bolt is threadedly connected to the mounting base.

[0010] Preferably, a ceramic sleeve is provided between the umbrella skirts, the ceramic sleeve is fixedly installed on the support column, the ceramic sleeve is arranged in a vertical array, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the support column, a processor is electrically connected to one side of the temperature sensor, and the processor is electrically connected to a strip resistor and a weight sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting base is provided with an energy harvesting capacitor, which is electrically connected to the mounting base, and a wire is electrically connected to the bottom of the energy harvesting capacitor.

[0012] Preferably, the support column has a cavity inside, and a cable management tube is fixedly installed inside the cavity, with the cable being movably clipped inside the cable management tube.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting wire is electrically connected to one side of the strip resistor, the connecting wire is movably snapped into the inside of the cable management tube, and an energy storage battery is fixedly installed inside the cavity. The wire and the connecting wire are respectively electrically connected to the energy storage battery.

[0014] Preferably, a power cord is fixedly installed on one side of the weight sensor, and the power cord is electrically connected to the energy storage battery.

[0015] Preferably, the weight sensor is provided with a tray, the tray is fixedly installed with the support column, the weight sensor is provided with an elastic body inside, the elastic body is fixedly installed with the tray, the bottom of the weight sensor is fixedly installed with a mounting base, the mounting base is provided with connecting holes inside, the connecting holes are distributed in a ring array, and the connecting holes are provided with fixing bolts inside.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention sets the umbrella skirt to an inclined structure, artificially creating points where ice is easily formed, thus preventing ice from forming on other parts. Strip resistors are then placed at these points to achieve targeted heating, avoiding the energy waste of overall heating in existing technologies.

[0017] 2. By monitoring both weight and temperature, the power of the resistive element can be dynamically adjusted. Two levels of protection thresholds are set, which can intervene in time when ice forms in the early stage, and respond and alarm quickly when the ice freezes too fast, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power transmission line and meet the needs of users. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature sensor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​ring of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the support column of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy harvesting capacitor of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the umbrella skirt of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tray and elastomer of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Support column; 2. Umbrella skirt; 22. Strip resistor; 23. Weight sensor; 24. Mounting base; 25. Snap-fit ​​ring; 26. Locking bolt; 27. Ceramic sleeve; 28. Temperature sensor; 29. ​​Energy harvesting capacitor; 210. Wire; 211. Cavity; 212. Cable management tube; 213. Connecting wire; 214. Energy storage battery; 215. Power cord; 216. Tray; 217. Elastomer; 218. Mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides, for example Figure 1 The ice-proof high-voltage porcelain insulator shown includes a support post 1, a skirt 2, a strip resistor 22, and a weight sensor 23; The umbrella skirt 2 is fixedly installed on the support column 1. The umbrella skirt 2 is arranged vertically, with the right side of the umbrella skirt 2 being slightly higher than the left side. The umbrella skirt 2 is tilted as a whole. The strip resistor 22 is located at the lowest point on the left side of the umbrella skirt 2. The weight sensor 23 is located at the bottom of the support column 1. The weight sensor 23 is electrically connected to the strip resistor 22. The weight sensor 23 detects the weight of the support column 1 and then adjusts the power of the strip resistor 22 to melt the ice.

[0022] Example 1: In this example, after the device is installed, the processor controls the weight sensor 23 to collect the weight data of the support column 1 at this time, and stores the data as the initial weight record. At the same time, the processor presets the first-level threshold and the second-level threshold. The first-level threshold is set to the initial weight + 5-8 kg, because at this weight, the ice layer is likely to start to grow and there is a risk of bridging. The second-level threshold is set to the initial weight + 15-20 kg, because at this weight, the ice layer has accumulated in large quantities, and the low-power strip resistor 22 alone can no longer effectively melt the ice, which poses a risk of circuit flashover. The threshold can be adaptively adjusted according to the climate conditions of different regions, referring to the specific values ​​of the local area, such as snowfall, humidity and other factors.

[0023] After the device is running normally, it enters continuous monitoring mode. Temperature sensor 28 collects the ambient temperature in real time. The processor determines whether to activate the anti-icing monitoring mode based on the temperature data and preset monitoring time period rules. When the temperature is below 0℃ and it is within the icing monitoring period, the system officially activates the anti-icing monitoring mode. The icing monitoring period has two modes: timed monitoring and continuous monitoring. Continuous monitoring is suitable for winter nights when the ambient temperature is low and humidity is high, making it easy for icicles to grow rapidly. Timed monitoring is suitable for winter days or all day in spring and autumn when temperature fluctuations are large and temperatures are low, increasing the probability of icicle formation, but the growth rate is slower. Timed monitoring is sufficient for protection. After system activation, weight monitoring is initiated according to the corresponding monitoring mode: In continuous monitoring mode, weight sensor 23 reads the total weight of the current support 1 in real time; in timed monitoring mode, weight sensor 23 reads the current total weight every 10 minutes. The processor calculates the difference between each collected current weight and the initial self-weight to obtain the weight increment, which is the approximate weight of the accumulated icicles. Threshold judgment is then made based on the weight increment. Level 1 threshold trigger: When the weight increment reaches the level 1 threshold, that is, when the total weight of support 1 exceeds the first preset value, the processor controls the strip resistor 22 to start a low-power, intermittent heating mode. The core purpose of this mode is to prevent the formation of ice bridges, rather than to melt all the ice layers. By continuously heating the key points at low temperatures, the continuous growth conditions of the ice floes are disrupted, thus preventing the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts.

[0024] Secondary threshold trigger: When the weight increment reaches the secondary threshold, that is, when the total weight of support 1 exceeds the second preset value, the processor immediately triggers the powerful ice melting mode, controls the strip resistor 22 to run continuously at full power, quickly melts the ice layer at key points, and at the same time sends an alarm signal to the operation and maintenance center through the wireless communication module. The alarm signal includes information such as device location, current weight increment, and ambient temperature, reminding operation and maintenance personnel to investigate and deal with it in a timely manner.

[0025] The processor continuously monitors weight and temperature data. When any of the following exit conditions are met, the system stops heating and returns to the initial continuous monitoring state: 1. The total weight of support pillar 1 has decreased to below the first-level threshold, meaning that the icicles have partially melted and the risk of ice bridge formation has been eliminated; 2. The temperature rises above 0℃ and remains there for 30 minutes. At this point, the ambient temperature no longer meets the conditions for ice crystal condensation and growth.

[0026] This invention provides, for example Figures 2 to 7 The ice-proof high-voltage porcelain insulator shown includes a support post 1, a skirt 2, a strip resistor 22, and a weight sensor 23; The umbrella skirt 2 is fixedly installed on the support column 1. The umbrella skirt 2 is arranged vertically, with the right side of the umbrella skirt 2 being slightly higher than the left side. The umbrella skirt 2 is tilted as a whole. The strip resistor 22 is located at the lowest point on the left side of the umbrella skirt 2. The weight sensor 23 is located at the bottom of the support column 1. The weight sensor 23 is electrically connected to the strip resistor 22. The weight sensor 23 detects the weight of the support column 1 and then adjusts the power of the strip resistor 22 to melt the ice.

[0027] A mounting base 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the support column 1. The mounting base 24 is made of conductor material.

[0028] The mounting base 24 is provided with a snap ring 25, and a high-voltage line is provided on the mounting base 24. The mounting base 24 and the snap ring 25 clamp the high-voltage line.

[0029] The locking ring 25 has a locking bolt 26 inside, which is threadedly connected to the mounting base 24.

[0030] A ceramic sleeve 27 is provided between the umbrella skirts 2. The ceramic sleeve 27 is fixedly installed on the support column 1. The ceramic sleeve 27 is arranged in a vertical array. A temperature sensor 28 is fixedly installed on the support column 1. A processor is electrically connected to one side of the temperature sensor 28. The processor is electrically connected to the strip resistor 22 and the weight sensor 23.

[0031] The mounting base 24 is equipped with an energy harvesting capacitor 29, which is electrically connected to the mounting base 24. A wire 210 is electrically connected to the bottom of the energy harvesting capacitor 29.

[0032] The support column 1 has a cavity 211 inside, and a cable management tube 212 is fixedly installed inside the cavity 211. The wire 210 is movably connected to the inside of the cable management tube 212.

[0033] A connecting wire 213 is electrically connected to one side of the strip resistor 22. The connecting wire 213 is movably clipped into the inside of the cable management tube 212. An energy storage battery 214 is fixedly installed inside the cavity 211. The wire 210 and the connecting wire 213 are electrically connected to the energy storage battery 214 respectively.

[0034] A power cord 215 is fixedly installed on one side of the weight sensor 23, and the power cord 215 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery 214.

[0035] The weight sensor 23 is provided with a tray 216, which is fixedly installed with the support column 1. An elastic body 217 is provided inside the weight sensor 23, which is fixedly installed with the tray 216. A mounting base 218 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the weight sensor 23. The mounting base 218 has connecting holes inside, which are distributed in a ring array. Fixing bolts are provided inside the connecting holes.

[0036] Example 2: In this example, the device adopts a power supply method of line-based energy harvesting plus energy storage backup to ensure long-term stable outdoor operation: The energy harvesting capacitor 29 in the mounting base 24 obtains electrical energy from the high-voltage line through electromagnetic induction, and charges the energy storage battery 214 after rectification and voltage stabilization; the energy storage battery 214 provides stable power supply to the weight sensor 23, temperature sensor 28, processor and strip resistor 22. The processor monitors the power of the energy storage battery 214 in real time. When the power is below 20%, priority is given to ensuring the power supply to the sensor and processor, and the heating power of the strip resistor is reduced; when the power is below 10%, a power supply abnormality alarm signal is sent to the operation and maintenance center to remind timely maintenance.

[0037] Post 1, as the core load-bearing component of the insulator, is made of high-strength ceramic material. Its core function is to balance insulation performance and structural strength, achieving electrical isolation between the transmission line and the tower while stably bearing the weight of the transmission line, the weight of ice, and external wind forces. The umbrella skirts 2, a key anti-icing structure, are made of low-temperature resistant and anti-aging ceramic material and are vertically arrayed and fixed to Post 1. Their core function is to increase creepage distance and improve insulation performance. Simultaneously, through a specific structural design, they inhibit ice condensation. The spacing between adjacent umbrella skirts 2 can be freely adjusted according to the local climate conditions. In high-humidity areas, the spacing is increased; in low-humidity areas, the spacing can be appropriately decreased, ensuring insulation clearance requirements while avoiding bridging of ice due to excessively small spacing. The right side of the umbrella skirts 2 is slightly higher than the left, with an overall tilt of 5-10°. The core function of this design is to use gravity to guide water vapor down the slope, reducing water vapor accumulation on the surface of the umbrella skirts 2. The water flow is guided to artificially designed points where ice is prone to condensation by adjusting the dwell time on the surface. The strip resistor 22 is then used for targeted heating, reducing the probability of ice condensation at its source. The strip resistor 22, as the core anti-icing component, is made of flexible high-temperature resistive material and is fixed to the lowest point on the left side of the umbrella skirt 2, the key location where ice is most likely to accumulate and grow. This location is artificially designed to prevent ice from forming in uncontrollable positions by placing the umbrella skirt 2 perpendicular to the support pillar 1. Instead, the formation location of ice is pre-set, allowing for targeted cleaning to meet user needs. The core function of the strip resistor 22 is to disrupt the conditions for ice growth through heating. The power of each strip resistor 22 can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range, matching both low-power intermittent anti-icing and full-power strong ice melting conditions, ensuring anti-icing effectiveness at different stages of ice accumulation.

[0038] The weight sensor 23, as the core monitoring component, is a high-precision pressure sensor. Its core function is to capture the weight change of the support column 1 caused by ice accumulation, providing data support for adjusting the anti-icing strategy. Its top is fixedly connected to the support column 1 via a tray 216. The tray 216 is connected to the elastic body 217 inside the weight sensor 23. When the weight of the support column 1 increases due to ice accumulation, the elastic body 217 deforms. The weight sensor 23 can quickly convert the deformation signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the processor to quantify the weight of the ice. The temperature sensor 28, as an environmental condition monitoring component, is a waterproof and low-temperature resistant sensor fixed between the support columns 1. Its core function is to collect outdoor ambient temperature data in real time, providing a basis for the system to determine whether to enter the icing monitoring mode, ensuring that the anti-icing system only starts during low-temperature risk periods, and reducing ineffective energy consumption.

[0039] Mounting base 24 is made of copper conductor material and is fixed to the top of support column 1 with bolts. Its core functions are to achieve a stable connection between the high-voltage line and the support column, and to provide a mounting carrier and conductive path for the energy harvesting components. The energy harvesting capacitor 29 embedded inside it has the core function of obtaining electrical energy from the high-voltage line through electromagnetic induction, and charging the energy storage battery 214 after rectification and voltage stabilization. The energy storage battery 214 is a lithium battery pack, fixed in the cavity 211 inside the support column 1. Its core function is to store electrical energy and provide a stable power supply for all electrical components such as weight sensor 23, temperature sensor 28, processor, strip resistor 22, etc., to ensure the long-term autonomous operation of the system outdoors. The cable management tube 212 fixed in the cavity 211 has the core function of bundling and protecting the wires 210, connecting wires 213 and power lines 215 to prevent the wires from being scratched and damaged by external forces, and to ensure the reliability of the device.

[0040] The mounting base 24 and the snap-fit ​​ring 25 cooperate to form an adjustable clamping structure. Its core function is to achieve rapid fixation of high-voltage lines. Specifically, after placing the high-voltage line in the clamping groove of the mounting base 24, the clamping force can be adjusted by tightening the locking bolt 26 on the snap-fit ​​ring 25 to adapt to different specifications of high-voltage lines, while ensuring connection stability. The locking bolt 26 is made of stainless steel, its core function being to resist corrosion from outdoor rain, snow, and humid environments, ensuring the long-term reliability of the clamping structure and preventing line loosening. The mounting base 218 is made of steel plate, its core function being to achieve stable fixation of the entire insulator device to the tower. Its multiple connecting holes arranged in a ring array can adapt to the installation platforms of different types of towers. Precise positioning and secure assembly are achieved through fixing bolts, ensuring that the insulator does not shift or shake under complex outdoor conditions, meeting user needs.

[0041] 1. This invention sets the umbrella skirt to an inclined structure, artificially creating points where ice is easily formed, thus preventing ice from forming on other parts. Strip resistors are then placed at these points to achieve targeted heating, avoiding the energy waste of overall heating in existing technologies.

[0042] 2. By monitoring both weight and temperature, the power of the resistive element can be dynamically adjusted. Two levels of protection thresholds are set, which can intervene in time when ice forms in the early stage, and respond and alarm quickly when the ice freezes too fast, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power transmission line and meet the needs of users.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator, characterized in that, include: Pillar (1); The umbrella skirt (2) is fixedly installed on the support column (1). The umbrella skirt (2) is arranged vertically. The height of the right side of the umbrella skirt (2) is slightly higher than that of the left side. The umbrella skirt (2) is tilted as a whole. A strip resistor (22) is positioned at the lowest point on the left side of the umbrella skirt (2); A weight sensor (23) is installed at the bottom of the support column (1). The weight sensor (23) is electrically connected to the strip resistor (22). The weight sensor (23) detects the weight of the support column (1) and then adjusts the power of the strip resistor (22) to melt the ice.

2. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the support column (1) is fixedly installed with a mounting base (24), which is made of conductor material.

3. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (24) is provided with a snap ring (25), and a high-voltage line is provided on the mounting base (24). The mounting base (24) and the snap ring (25) clamp the high-voltage line therein.

4. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking ring (25) is provided with a locking bolt (26) inside, and the locking bolt (26) is threadedly connected to the mounting base (24).

5. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ceramic sleeve (27) is provided between the umbrella skirts (2). The ceramic sleeve (27) is fixedly installed with the support column (1). The ceramic sleeves (27) are arranged in a vertical array. A temperature sensor (28) is fixedly installed on the support column (1). A processor is electrically connected to one side of the temperature sensor (28). The processor is electrically connected to the strip resistor (22) and the weight sensor (23).

6. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (24) is provided with an energy harvesting capacitor (29), which is electrically connected to the mounting base (24). A wire (210) is electrically connected to the bottom of the energy harvesting capacitor (29).

7. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support column (1) has a cavity (211) inside, and a cable management tube (212) is fixedly installed inside the cavity (211). The wire (210) is movably connected inside the cable management tube (212).

8. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 7, characterized in that, One side of the strip resistor (22) is electrically connected to a connecting wire (213), the connecting wire (213) is movably snapped into the inside of the cable management tube (212), and the energy storage battery (214) is fixedly installed inside the cavity (211). The wire (210) and the connecting wire (213) are electrically connected to the energy storage battery (214) respectively.

9. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A power cord (215) is fixedly installed on one side of the weight sensor (23), and the power cord (215) is electrically connected to the energy storage battery (214).

10. The anti-icing high-voltage porcelain insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight sensor (23) is provided with a tray (216), the tray (216) is fixedly installed with the support column (1), the weight sensor (23) is provided with an elastic body (217), the elastic body (217) is fixedly installed with the tray (216), the bottom of the weight sensor (23) is fixedly installed with a mounting base (218), the mounting base (218) is provided with a connecting hole inside, the connecting hole is distributed in a ring array, and the connecting hole is provided with a fixing bolt inside.

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