Polymerization device for neoprene production

Abstract

The application discloses a polymerization device for neoprene production and relates to the technical field of neoprene production equipment. The polymerization device comprises a cylinder body, a cover body is arranged on the top of the cylinder body, a rotating shaft is coaxially arranged in the middle of the cover body, a cavity is formed in the bottom of the rotating shaft, a limiting assembly is arranged in the cavity, and a stirring plate is slidably connected to the rotating shaft through the limiting assembly. Cooling pipelines are arranged in the rotating shaft and the stirring plate, the cooling pipelines are used for temperature control of polymer materials, the sliding displacement of the stirring plate is driven by controlling the pressure of cooling liquid in the cooling pipelines, the stirring plate is separated from the inner wall of the cylinder body to form a stirring state or is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body to form a wall scraping state, the heat exchange efficiency and the temperature control precision can be greatly improved, the on-demand switching of the stirring plate between a conventional stirring station and a wall scraping station is realized, and the problems of cooling lag and material wall sticking of the polymerization device are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chloroprene rubber production equipment technology, specifically a polymerization device for chloroprene rubber production. Background Technology

[0002] The polymerization unit for chloroprene rubber production is a core process device in the industrial production of chloroprene rubber, providing a closed, stable, and controllable reaction space for the free radical polymerization reaction of chloroprene monomers. It is a key unit in the entire chloroprene rubber production process. This unit is mainly used to achieve uniform mixing of reactants and precise control of the temperature and pressure of the reaction system during the polymerization reaction, ensuring the stable and orderly progress of the chloroprene polymerization reaction. Its structural design and operational performance directly determine the core quality indicators of chloroprene rubber products, such as molecular weight distribution, Mooney viscosity, mechanical properties, and purity. It is widely adaptable to various industrial production processes for chloroprene rubber, including batch and continuous processes.

[0003] In existing industrial production applications of chloroprene rubber, conventionally used polymerization equipment still has significant technical defects and application limitations: Firstly, existing polymerization equipment typically employs an external circulation cooling structure with a cooling jacket on the outside of the cylinder and cooling pipes inside the jacket. This structure uses a heat exchange medium to transfer heat from the outer wall of the cylinder to the inner cavity, thereby cooling and controlling the temperature of the reactants. However, the polymerization of chloroprene is a strongly exothermic reaction. Simultaneously, the continuous stirring and shearing of the high-viscosity reactants by the stirring mechanism generates a large amount of frictional heat within the material. This heat easily accumulates in the central region of the cylinder and within the material. Existing external jacket cooling structures suffer from long heat exchange paths, low heat transfer efficiency, and delayed cooling within the material. This prevents the timely and rapid removal of accumulated heat, leading to excessively high local temperatures in the reaction system. Consequently, the polymerization rate can become uncontrolled, resulting in problems such as explosive polymerization, excessive branching of the product, and uneven molecular weight distribution. These issues severely impact the quality of chloroprene rubber products and the safety of the production process.

[0004] Secondly, during the polymerization of chloroprene rubber, as the degree of polymerization increases, the viscosity of the material continuously rises, making it easy for the reactants to adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder, resulting in wall adhesion. This adhered material forms an insulating layer, further reducing heat exchange efficiency and potentially causing localized overheating and charring, affecting the purity and quality stability of the product. To address this issue, existing polymerization equipment typically includes a fixed scraper on the stirring mechanism. This scraper rotates continuously with the stirring shaft, performing uninterrupted scraping of the inner wall of the cylinder throughout the process. However, in actual production, scraping is only necessary in the later stages of the polymerization reaction when the material viscosity significantly increases and noticeable wall adhesion occurs. This continuous scraping not only generates a large amount of additional frictional heat due to the continuous friction between the scraper and the inner wall of the cylinder, further exacerbating the temperature rise of the reaction system and significantly increasing the operating load of the cooling system, but also causes continuous wear between the scraper and the inner wall of the cylinder, shortening the equipment's lifespan. Furthermore, the metal debris generated from this wear can easily mix into the product, further reducing the quality stability of the chloroprene rubber product.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new polymerization apparatus for the production of chloroprene rubber to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a polymerization apparatus for the production of chloroprene rubber.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber includes a cylinder with a cover at the top and a rotating shaft coaxially rotatably passing through the middle of the cover. A cavity is formed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a limiting component is installed inside the cavity. A stirring plate is slidably connected to the rotating shaft via the limiting component. Cooling pipes are installed inside both the rotating shaft and the stirring plate. These cooling pipes are used to control the temperature of the polymer material and, by controlling the pressure of the coolant in the cooling pipes, drive the stirring plate to slide, causing the stirring plate to separate from the inner wall of the cylinder to form a stirring state or to adhere to it to form a wall-scraping state.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixing plate consists of a first sliding plate, a second sliding plate, a longitudinal plate, and a transverse plate; the first and second sliding plates have the same structure, both including an inclined section and a horizontal section, and the second sliding plate is located below the first sliding plate; the top of the inclined section of both the first and second sliding plates extends into the cavity and is slidably connected to the rotating shaft along the length of the inclined section; the bottom of the inclined section is integrally connected to the corresponding horizontal section, and the ends of the two horizontal sections away from the inclined sections are fixedly connected to the longitudinal plate; one end of the transverse plate is fixedly set at the bottom end of the longitudinal plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes an upper limiting plate, which is fixedly disposed inside the cavity, and a lower limiting plate is disposed below the upper limiting plate and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity; the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate is slidably disposed between the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate; a first limiting block and a second limiting block are fixedly disposed between the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate, the first limiting block being located on one side of the inclined section of the first slide plate and the second limiting block being located on the other side of the inclined section of the first slide plate; sliders are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate; four guide rails are symmetrically disposed below the lower limiting plate and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity; guide grooves are opened on the side of the guide rails facing the second slide plate, and two guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the inclined section of the second slide plate, with the ends of the guide rods slidably limited within the guide grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the first limiting block is located at the bottom between the upper and lower limiting plates, and the second limiting block faces the side of the slider on the same side and is coplanar with the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling pipeline includes a main water inlet pipe, which is coaxially fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate; a redundant cavity is opened at the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate, and the bottom of the main water inlet pipe extends into the redundant cavity; a water inlet corrugated pipe is installed in the redundant cavity, and the main water inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are connected through the water inlet corrugated pipe; a main water outlet pipe is eccentrically fixedly installed inside the rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the main water outlet pipe extends into the cavity and is fixedly connected to two fixing blocks, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity; a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate; a water outlet corrugated pipe is installed below the lower limit plate, and the main water outlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected through the water outlet corrugated pipe; the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are connected through an arc-shaped connecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, both the upper and lower limit plates have placement grooves on the side near the main water outlet pipe, and wear-resistant soft pads are placed in the placement grooves. The wear-resistant soft pads are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main water outlet pipe and are located between the two fixed blocks. The side of the first limit block and the slider on the same side facing the main water outlet pipe abuts against the outer wall of the wear-resistant soft pads.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper limit plate, lower limit plate, first limit block, second limit block, inclined section of the first slide plate, inclined section of the second slide plate, slider, guide groove, inlet corrugated pipe and outlet corrugated pipe are all inclined at 45 degrees relative to the axis of the rotating shaft; the horizontal distance between the first limit block and the slider on the same side is equal to twice the horizontal distance between the second limit block and the slider on the same side; the distance between the longitudinal plate and the inner wall of the cylinder is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block and the slider on the same side, and the distance between the transverse plate and the bottom wall of the cylinder is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block and the slider on the same side.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the rotating shaft extends out of the cover and is rotatably sealed to a first rotary sealing joint. The top of the water outlet pipe is connected to the first rotary sealing joint, and a water outlet is fixedly connected to one side of the first rotary sealing joint. The top of the first rotary sealing joint is fixedly connected to a second rotary sealing joint via a bracket, and the top of the water inlet pipe passes through the first rotary sealing joint and is rotatably sealed to the second rotary sealing joint.

[0015] Furthermore, a drive assembly is installed on the top of the cover, which is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate; the drive assembly includes a driven gear, and the driven gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft; a gearbox is fixedly connected to the top of the cover, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox, with the driving gear meshing with the driven gear; a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the cover, and the output end of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox.

[0016] Furthermore, a feed inlet is fixedly connected to the top of the cover, and an explosion-proof vent is fixedly connected to the top of the cover; a discharge outlet is fixedly connected to the side wall at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: I. Achieving dual cooling through internal and external coordination, significantly improving temperature control accuracy and heat exchange efficiency. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing single-jacket external cooling or single-jacket internal cooling systems. While retaining the traditional jacket external cooling system, it adds an immersion cooling pipeline built into the rotating shaft and stirring plate, forming a dual cooling and temperature control system that works synergistically inside and outside. This effectively solves the technical problems of lag cooling, heat accumulation inside the material, and low heat exchange efficiency in existing technologies. Specifically, the jacket external cooling circuit provides overall basic temperature control for all materials inside the cylinder through the cooling jacket, maintaining the overall temperature stability of the reaction system. Simultaneously, it can selectively reduce the temperature of materials near the inner wall of the cylinder, preventing material from adhering to the wall and charring. The built-in immersion cooling pipeline rotates synchronously with the stirring plate and is completely immersed inside the material, directly removing the reaction heat released by the polymerization reaction and the frictional heat generated by stirring and shearing from the core area of ​​the material. This significantly shortens the heat exchange path and solves the problem of lag cooling in the central area of ​​the material in single-jacket cooling. The synergistic effect of these two systems greatly improves heat exchange efficiency and temperature control accuracy, precisely controlling the reaction system temperature within the process requirements. This effectively avoids problems such as explosive polymerization, excessive branching of the product, and uneven molecular weight distribution caused by localized high temperatures, ensuring the quality of chloroprene rubber products and the safety of the production process.

[0018] II. Enable the mixing plate to scrape the wall as needed, reducing energy consumption and component wear. This invention utilizes the coordinated action of the hydraulic thrust of the coolant in the cooling pipes, the gravity of the stirring plate itself, and the centrifugal force of rotation, combined with the guiding and limiting function of the limiting components, to achieve on-demand switching between the conventional stirring position and the wall-scraping position of the stirring plate. This solves the defects of existing technologies, such as additional heat generation, severe component wear, and increased energy consumption caused by continuous wall scraping. In the initial stage of the polymerization reaction, when the material viscosity is low, the stirring plate is in the conventional stirring position, with a safe gap between it and the inner and bottom walls of the cylinder, avoiding ineffective friction, reducing the operating load of the cooling system, and minimizing component wear. In the middle and later stages of the reaction, when the material viscosity increases and it is prone to adhering to the walls and bottom, the stirring plate switches to the wall-scraping position. The longitudinal and transverse plates are fully in contact with the inner and bottom walls of the cylinder, respectively, achieving comprehensive wall scraping without dead angles. This prevents the adhering material from forming a heat-insulating layer that affects cooling efficiency and also prevents localized overheating and coking of the material. Furthermore, the cooling pipes in the wall-scraping position still retain sufficient flow cross-section, allowing cooling operations to continue without affecting the stirring intensity or the normal progress of the polymerization reaction, balancing wall scraping effectiveness and reaction stability, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0019] III. Ensure the smooth progress of the polymerization reaction and improve product quality stability. This invention utilizes a drive assembly to synchronously rotate the stirring plates. The longitudinal and transverse plates form an L-shaped stirring structure, achieving comprehensive radial and axial stirring of the materials within the reaction chamber. This effectively eliminates material concentration and temperature gradients, ensuring uniform dispersion of chloroprene monomer and various additives, and guaranteeing a uniform and stable polymerization reaction throughout the entire reaction chamber. The dual cooling system precisely controls temperature, and the wall-scraping operation is performed as needed, effectively avoiding problems such as localized overheating, material adhesion and charring, and uneven mixing. This reduces quality defects such as excessive branching, uneven molecular weight distribution, and impurity contamination. Simultaneously, the entire equipment is constructed from corrosion-resistant, temperature-resistant, and pressure-resistant materials, with a reliable sealing structure to prevent material leakage and external air infiltration, further ensuring the stability of the polymerization reaction environment and improving the purity and quality consistency of the chloroprene rubber product. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cylinder; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotary sealing joint; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first rotary sealing joint; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotating shaft; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of one side of the first skateboard; Figure 8 Here is a schematic diagram of the upper limit plate; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod structure; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first sliding plate; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the longitudinal plate; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the horizontal plate.

[0021] Labels in the diagram: 1. Cylinder; 2. Cover; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. Cavity; 5. Stirring plate; 6. First sliding plate; 7. Second sliding plate; 8. Longitudinal plate; 9. Transverse plate; 10. Upper limit plate; 11. Lower limit plate; 12. First limiting block; 13. Second limiting block; 14. Slider; 15. Guide rail; 16. Guide groove; 17. Guide rod; 18. Main water inlet pipe; 19. Water inlet branch pipe; 20. Redundant cavity; 21. 21. Inlet corrugated pipe; 22. Outlet main pipe; 23. Outlet water pipe; 24. Outlet corrugated pipe; 25. Connecting pipe; 26. Placement slot; 27. First rotary sealing joint; 28. Outlet; 29. ​​Bracket; 30. Second rotary sealing joint; 31. Driven gear; 32. Gearbox; 33. Drive gear; 34. Motor; 35. Feed inlet; 36. Explosion-proof port; 37. Discharge port; 38. Wear-resistant soft pad. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 12 This embodiment proposes a polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber. The polymerization apparatus includes a cylindrical body 1, with a cover 2 detachably mounted on the top of the cylindrical body 1 via bolts. A rotating shaft 3 is coaxially rotatably mounted through the middle of the cover 2. A cavity 4 is formed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 3, and a limiting component is installed inside the cavity 4. A stirring plate 5 is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 3 via the limiting component. Cooling pipes are provided inside both the rotating shaft 3 and the stirring plate 5 for controlling the temperature of the polymer material. A driving component is mounted on the top of the cover 2 to drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. A feed inlet 35 and an explosion-proof port 36 are fixedly connected to the top of the cover 2. A discharge port 37 is fixedly connected to the side wall at the bottom of the cylindrical body 1.

[0024] It should be noted that the cylinder 1 is a vertical, closed, pressure-bearing structure, and its interior forms a closed reaction chamber for the polymerization reaction of chloroprene. The cylinder 1 is made of stainless steel that is resistant to chloroprene corrosion, temperature and pressure. The outer wall of the cylinder 1 is equipped with a jacket with a cooling system (mature existing technology, not shown in the attached figure).

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the stirring plate 5 consists of a first sliding plate 6, a second sliding plate 7, a longitudinal plate 8, and a transverse plate 9. The first sliding plate 6 and the second sliding plate 7 have the same structure, both including an inclined section and a horizontal section. The second sliding plate 7 is located below the first sliding plate 6. The top of the inclined sections of the first sliding plate 6 and the second sliding plate 7 both extend into the cavity 4 and are slidably connected to the rotating shaft 3 along the length of the inclined section. The bottom of the inclined section is integrally connected to the corresponding horizontal section. The ends of the two horizontal sections away from the inclined sections are fixedly connected to the longitudinal plate 8. The longitudinal plate 8 is a vertical plate structure, and one end of the transverse plate 9 is fixedly set at the bottom end of the longitudinal plate 8.

[0026] It should be noted that the first skateboard 6, the second skateboard 7, the vertical plate 8, and the horizontal plate 9 are an integral rigid structure.

[0027] like Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the limiting assembly includes an upper limiting plate 10, which is fixedly disposed inside the cavity 4. A lower limiting plate 11 is disposed below the upper limiting plate 10 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 4. The top of the inclined section of the first slide plate 6 is slidably disposed between the upper limiting plate 10 and the lower limiting plate 11. A first limiting block 12 and a second limiting block 13 are fixedly disposed between the upper limiting plate 10 and the lower limiting plate 11. The first limiting block 12 is located on one side of the inclined section of the first slide plate 6, and the second limiting block 13 is located on the other side of the inclined section of the first slide plate 6. Slider blocks 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate 6. Four guide rails 15 are symmetrically disposed below the lower limiting plate 11 and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 4. A guide groove 16 is opened on the side of the guide rail 15 facing the second slide plate 7. Two guide rods 17 are fixedly connected to the top of the inclined section of the second slide plate 7, and the ends of the guide rods 17 are slidably limited within the guide grooves 16.

[0028] like Figure 8 As shown, the first limiting block 12 is located at the bottom between the upper limiting plate 10 and the lower limiting plate 11, and the second limiting block 13 faces the side of the slider 14 on the same side and is coplanar with the axis of the rotating shaft 3.

[0029] It should be noted that the upper limit plate 10 and the lower limit plate 11 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The edges of both are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the bottom cavity 4 of the rotating shaft 3. A limiting groove is formed between the upper limit plate 10 and the lower limit plate 11 for the first slide plate 6 to slide. Together with the first limiting block 12 and the second limiting block 13, they provide stable upper and lower support and circumferential limitation for the sliding of the first slide plate 6, ensuring that the first slide plate 6 can only slide along the preset tilt direction.

[0030] like Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the cooling pipeline includes a main water inlet pipe 18, which is coaxially fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft 3. A water inlet pipe 19 is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate 5. A redundant cavity 20 is opened at the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate 6, and the bottom of the main water inlet pipe 18 extends into the redundant cavity 20. A water inlet corrugated pipe 21 is installed in the redundant cavity 20, and the main water inlet pipe 18 and the water inlet pipe 19 are connected through the water inlet corrugated pipe 21. An outlet water pipe 22 is eccentrically fixedly installed inside the rotating shaft 3. The bottom end of the outlet water pipe 22 extends into the cavity 4 and is fixedly connected to two fixing blocks. The fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 4. A water outlet pipe 23 is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate 5. A water outlet corrugated pipe 24 is installed below the lower limit plate 11. The main water outlet pipe 22 and the water outlet pipe 23 are connected through the water outlet corrugated pipe 24. The water outlet pipe 23 and the water inlet pipe 19 are connected through an arc-shaped connecting pipe 25.

[0031] It should be noted that the redundant cavity 20 at the top of the first slide plate 6 has a radial dimension larger than the outer diameter of the bottom of the main water inlet pipe 18, and an axial depth that is adapted to the full sliding stroke of the stirring plate 5. This provides sufficient structural clearance space for the bottom of the main water inlet pipe 18 and also provides space to accommodate the expansion and contraction of the water inlet bellows 21. This avoids structural interference between the main water inlet pipe 18 and the first slide plate 6 during the sliding of the stirring plate 5, and ensures the smooth sliding of the stirring plate 5.

[0032] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, both the upper limit plate 10 and the lower limit plate 11 have placement grooves 26 on the side near the main water outlet pipe 22. A wear-resistant soft pad 38 is placed in the placement groove 26 and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main water outlet pipe 22. The wear-resistant soft pad 38 is located between two fixed blocks. The first limit block 12 and the slider 14 on the same side facing the main water outlet pipe 22 are both in contact with the outer wall of the wear-resistant soft pad 38.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the upper limit plate 10, lower limit plate 11, first limit block 12, second limit block 13, inclined section of the first slide plate 6, inclined section of the second slide plate 7, slider 14, guide groove 16, inlet corrugated pipe 21 and outlet corrugated pipe 24 are all inclined at 45 degrees relative to the axis of the rotating shaft 3; the horizontal distance between the first limit block 12 and the slider 14 on the same side is equal to twice the horizontal distance between the second limit block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side; the distance between the longitudinal plate 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side; and the distance between the transverse plate 9 and the bottom wall of the cylinder 1 is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top end of the rotating shaft 3 extends out of the cover 2 and is rotatably and sealingly connected to the first rotary sealing joint 27. The top end of the water outlet main pipe 22 is connected to the first rotary sealing joint 27. A water outlet 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the first rotary sealing joint 27. The top of the first rotary sealing joint 27 is fixedly connected to the second rotary sealing joint 30 through the bracket 29. The top end of the water inlet main pipe 18 passes through the first rotary sealing joint 27 and is rotatably and sealingly connected to the second rotary sealing joint 30.

[0035] It should be noted that the top of the second rotary sealing joint 30 is connected to the external coolant supply pump body through a pipeline. The pump body controls the input flow rate and pipeline pressure of the coolant to achieve precise control of the internal hydraulic pressure of the main water inlet pipe 18, the water inlet branch pipe 19, the main water outlet pipe 22, and the water outlet branch pipe 23. In turn, the working position of the stirring plate 5 is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic thrust.

[0036] When the stirring plate 5 needs to perform wall scraping, the output power of the pump body is reduced, which decreases the overall circulation flow and internal pressure of the cooling pipe. Consequently, the hydraulic thrust of the coolant on the stirring plate 5 decreases. Under the combined force of its own gravity and centrifugal force, the stirring plate 5 tends to slide downwards along its inclined direction. When the hydraulic pressure in the cooling pipe cannot counteract the sliding driving force of the stirring plate 5, the stirring plate 5 slides downwards along a preset 45-degree inclined direction. When the slider 14 on the same side as the second limit block 13 abuts against the second limit block 13, the stirring plate 5 reaches its destination. At the wall scraping station, the longitudinal plate 8 and transverse plate 9 of the stirring plate 5 are completely in contact with the inner wall and bottom wall of the cylinder 1. With the rotation of the rotating shaft 3, a full wall scraping operation can be achieved. At the same time, since the horizontal distance between the first limiting block 12 and the slider 14 on the same side is twice the horizontal distance between the second limiting block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side, when the stirring plate 5 reaches the wall scraping station, the cooling pipe still retains a sufficient flow section, and the cooling action can still be carried out continuously and stably. Moreover, the stirring plate 5 can still maintain the original stirring intensity and does not affect the normal progress of the polymerization reaction.

[0037] When the stirring plate 5 is not required to perform wall scraping, the output power of the pump body is increased, the overall circulation flow and hydraulic pressure in the cooling pipeline are increased, so that the hydraulic thrust of the coolant on the stirring plate 5 can overcome the component of the stirring plate 5's own weight and rotational centrifugal force, pushing the stirring plate 5 to slide upward in the inclined direction until the slider 14 on the same side as the first limit block 12 abuts against the first limit block 12. At this time, the stirring plate 5 reaches the normal stirring position, leaving a safe gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the bottom wall of the cylinder 1, so that no additional friction and wear will occur.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the drive assembly includes a driven gear 31, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft 3. A gearbox 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the cover 2, and a drive gear 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox 32. The drive gear 33 meshes with the driven gear 31. A motor 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the cover 2, and the output end of the motor 34 is coaxially fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox 32.

[0039] It should be noted that the motor 34 is a variable frequency speed control motor, which can precisely adjust the output speed according to the stirring requirements of different stages of the polymerization reaction, and adapt to different stirring conditions in the early stage of low viscosity reaction and the middle and late stage of high viscosity reaction.

[0040] The working principle of the polymerization device for chloroprene rubber production provided by this invention is as follows: I. Working Principle of Stirring Drive and Material Mixing During the polymerization reaction, various materials required for the polymerization reaction, such as chloroprene monomer, emulsifier, initiator, and molecular weight regulator, are first fed into the reaction chamber inside the cylinder 1 through the feed inlet 35. After the feeding is completed, the valve of the feed inlet 35 is closed to form a closed reaction environment in the reaction chamber. Subsequently, the motor 34 of the drive assembly is started. The power output of the motor 34 is adjusted in speed and amplified in torque by the gearbox 32, which drives the drive gear 33 to rotate. The drive gear 33 drives the driven gear 31 to rotate synchronously through gear meshing. The driven gear 31 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3, thereby driving the rotating shaft 3 to rotate smoothly and coaxially around its own axis on the cover 2. The rotating shaft 3 drives the stirring plate 5 to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 3 through the limiting components in the bottom cavity 4. Specifically, the upper limit plate 10, the lower limit plate 11 and the guide rail 15 rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 3, and then drive the stirring plate 5 to rotate synchronously as a whole through the first sliding plate 6 and the second sliding plate 7. During the rotation, the longitudinal plate 8 and the transverse plate 9 of the stirring plate 5 continuously mix the polymerization reaction materials in the cylinder 1, so that the chloroprene monomer and various additives are evenly dispersed, completely eliminating the concentration gradient and temperature gradient of the material system, and ensuring that the polymerization reaction proceeds uniformly and stably in the entire reaction chamber.

[0041] During the polymerization reaction, reactants or regulators can be added to the cylinder 1 through the feed port 35 to meet the needs of continuous production and process adjustment. The explosion-proof port 36 is equipped with explosion-proof pressure relief components that can quickly relieve pressure when the pressure in the cylinder 1 exceeds the safety threshold, avoiding overpressure damage to the equipment and ensuring the inherent safety of the production process. After the polymerization reaction is completed, the prepared chloroprene rubber latex material can be stably output through the discharge port 37 at the bottom of the cylinder 1 to complete the entire polymerization production operation.

[0042] II. Working Principle of Dual Cooling and Temperature Control with Internal and External Collaboration The polymerization reaction of chloroprene is a strongly exothermic reaction. At the same time, the continuous shearing and stirring of the high-viscosity material by the stirring plate 5 generates a large amount of frictional heat. During the polymerization reaction, the external coolant circulation system is started simultaneously, and the traditional jacketed external cooling circuit and the built-in immersion internal cooling circuit are operated simultaneously to form a dual cooling and temperature control system that works in synergy. The specific working principle is as follows: (I) Working principle of jacketed external cooling circuit After being pressurized by an external circulation pump, the cryogenic coolant is continuously fed into the jacket cooling chamber from the jacket inlet at the bottom of the cooling jacket. The coolant flows upwards within the cooling chamber, exchanging heat with the reactants inside the cylinder 1 through the metal wall. This provides overall and comprehensive cooling and temperature control of the reactants from the outside of the cylinder 1. The heated coolant, after heat exchange, flows back to the external coolant circulation system from the jacket outlet at the top of the cooling jacket, completing the external cooling cycle. The jacket external cooling circuit retains the advantages of traditional cooling methods, enabling basic temperature control of all materials inside the cylinder 1, maintaining the overall temperature stability of the reaction system. Simultaneously, it continuously cools the materials near the inner wall of the cylinder 1, preventing the materials near the cylinder wall from becoming charred due to excessively high temperatures.

[0043] (II) Working principle of built-in immersion internal cooling circuit The external coolant supply pump body of the built-in cooling circuit is started synchronously. The low temperature coolant is pressurized by the pump body and delivered to the second rotary seal joint 30. Then, it enters the water inlet pipe 18 coaxially set inside the rotating shaft 3 through the second rotary seal joint 30. The coolant flows into the water inlet pipe 19 inside the stirring plate 5 through the water inlet bellows 21 at the bottom of the water inlet pipe 18. Then, it flows into the water outlet pipe 23 through the arc-shaped connecting pipe 25. After completing the heat exchange in the entire flow channel inside the stirring plate 5, the coolant flows into the water outlet pipe 22 eccentrically set inside the rotating shaft 3 through the water outlet bellows 24. Finally, it flows back to the external coolant circulation system through the water outlet 28 of the first rotary seal joint 27, forming a complete and closed internal cooling circulation loop.

[0044] During the coolant circulation process, the stirring plate 5 rotates with the rotating shaft 3 and is completely immersed in the interior of the reactants. The low-temperature coolant in the cooling pipe directly exchanges heat with the reactants through the metal wall of the stirring plate 5, directly removing the core reaction heat released by the polymerization reaction and the internal frictional heat generated by stirring and shearing from the interior of the material. This effectively solves the problems of long heat exchange paths, heat accumulation in the central area of ​​the material, and delayed cooling that exist in the single jacket external cooling method, and forms a complementary cooling system with the jacket external cooling circuit.

[0045] Meanwhile, the inlet bellows 21 and outlet bellows 24 adopt a telescopic metal bellows structure. During the process of adjusting the working position of the stirring plate 5 along the 45-degree tilt direction, the inlet bellows 21 and outlet bellows 24 can expand and contract synchronously with the displacement of the stirring plate 5, always maintaining a reliable sealed connection between the main inlet pipe 18 and the inlet branch pipe 19, and between the main outlet pipe 22 and the outlet branch pipe 23. This ensures that the internal cooling circulation loop remains unobstructed throughout the entire sliding range of the stirring plate 5, and the cooling operation continues stably without interruption of cooling or reduction in heat exchange effect due to the position adjustment of the stirring plate 5. The redundant cavity 20 at the top of the first slide plate 6 provides sufficient clearance for the main inlet pipe 18 and provides space for the expansion and contraction of the inlet bellows 21, avoiding structural interference during the sliding of the stirring plate 5 and ensuring the operational stability of the cooling pipeline.

[0046] (III) Synergistic effect of internal and external cooling systems This invention does not abandon the traditional jacketed cooling method. Instead, it achieves basic temperature control of the material as a whole through external jacket cooling and achieves precise and rapid cooling of the core area of ​​the material through internal cooling. The two work together to retain the stable temperature control advantage of traditional jacketed cooling while solving the inherent defects of single jacketed cooling through internal cooling. This significantly improves heat exchange efficiency and temperature control accuracy, and can accurately control the temperature of the reaction system within the range required by the process. It effectively avoids problems such as explosive polymerization, excessive branching degree of the product, and uneven molecular weight distribution caused by excessive local temperature, thus ensuring the quality of chloroprene rubber products and the safety of the production process.

[0047] III. Adjustment of the position of stirring plate 5 and working principle of on-demand wall scraping The working position adjustment of the stirring plate 5 is achieved through the coordinated action of the hydraulic thrust of the coolant in the cooling pipe, the gravity of the stirring plate 5 itself, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the stirring plate 5 with the rotating shaft 3. The limiting component provides stable sliding guidance and precise stroke limit for the stirring plate 5, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the position adjustment.

[0048] The upper limit plate 10, lower limit plate 11, guide rail 15, and guide groove 16 are all inclined at 45 degrees relative to the axis of the rotating shaft 3, providing a fixed sliding guide path for the stirring plate 5. The inclined section of the first sliding plate 6 is limited to sliding within the limiting groove between the upper limit plate 10 and the lower limit plate 11. The inclined section of the second sliding plate 7 is limited to sliding within the guide groove 16 of the guide rail 15 via the guide rod 17. The double guide and double support structure ensures that the stirring plate 5 can only slide smoothly along the preset 45-degree inclined direction, without radial movement, deflection, or asynchronous rotation with the rotating shaft 3. The first limiting block 12 and the second limiting block 13 provide bidirectional precise limiting for the sliding stroke of the stirring plate 5.

[0049] In the initial stage of the polymerization reaction, the degree of polymerization of the material is low and the viscosity is low, so it is not easy for the material to stick to the wall or the bottom. There is no need to perform wall scraping. At this time, the input power of the external coolant supply pump is increased to increase the circulation pressure and flow rate of the coolant in the cooling pipe. When the coolant flows in the cooling pipe, it will generate an upward hydraulic thrust on the stirring plate 5 in the 45-degree inclined direction. This hydraulic thrust can overcome the weight of the stirring plate 5 itself and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, pushing the stirring plate 5 to slide upward in the inclined direction until the slider 14 on one side of the first slide plate 6 abuts against the first limit block 12. At this time, the stirring plate 5 is in the conventional stirring position without wall scraping. At this workstation, there are preset safety gaps between the longitudinal plate 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and between the transverse plate 9 and the bottom wall of the cylinder 1. When the stirring plate 5 rotates with the rotating shaft 3, it will not rub against the inner wall or the bottom wall of the cylinder 1. This fundamentally avoids the extra frictional heat generated by continuous wall scraping in the prior art, reduces the operating load of the cooling system, avoids continuous wear between the wall scraping components and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, extends the service life of the equipment, and also eliminates the problem of metal debris generated by wear mixing into the material and affecting product quality.

[0050] It should be noted that the 45-degree inclined sliding path design in this invention allows the force decomposition of hydraulic thrust, gravity, and centrifugal force to achieve a positive resultant force; that is, as long as the hydraulic thrust along the sliding direction is greater than the sum of the reverse components of gravity and centrifugal force and the sliding friction, a positive resultant force can be formed to push the stirring plate 5 to slide upward along the inclined direction. In this embodiment, under the high-speed working condition of stirring plate 5 with a mass of 50kg and a rotation speed of 200r / min, the hydraulic thrust can overcome the components of gravity, centrifugal force, and friction, and the stirring plate can be stably moved upward along the 45-degree inclined direction. The required hydraulic pressure is within the achievable range of conventional industrial equipment, and there are no engineering implementation obstacles.

[0051] In the mid-to-late stages of the polymerization reaction, the degree of polymerization of the material increases significantly, and the viscosity increases dramatically. This easily leads to the phenomenon of material adhering to the inner wall of cylinder 1 (wall adhesion) and the bottom wall of cylinder 1 (bottom adhesion). The material adhering to the wall and bottom forms a heat insulation layer, which greatly reduces the heat exchange efficiency of the jacket external cooling circuit. At the same time, it is easy to cause local overheating and coking of the material, affecting the purity and quality stability of the product. At this time, wall scraping operation is required. During operation, the input power of the external coolant supply pump is reduced, and the coolant circulation pressure in the cooling pipe is reduced. The hydraulic thrust of the coolant on the stirring plate 5 is reduced accordingly. When the hydraulic thrust cannot overcome the weight of the stirring plate 5 itself and the centrifugal force generated by rotation, the stirring plate 5 will slide downward along the preset 45-degree tilt direction until the slider 14 on the other side of the first slide plate 6 abuts against the second limit block 13. At this time, the stirring plate 5 is in the wall scraping position. Since the distance between the longitudinal plate 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the distance between the transverse plate 9 and the bottom wall of the cylinder 1, are both equal to the horizontal distance between the second limiting block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side, when the slider 14 abuts against the second limiting block 13, the outer edge of the longitudinal plate 8 is completely in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the bottom edge of the transverse plate 9 is completely in contact with the inner bottom wall of the cylinder 1. When the stirring plate 5 rotates with the rotating shaft 3, the longitudinal plate 8 can comprehensively and continuously scrape off the wall-mounted material on the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the transverse plate 9 can comprehensively and continuously scrape off the bottom-adhered material on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder 1. This effectively solves the problem of reduced jacket cooling heat exchange efficiency and local overheating and coking of materials caused by wall and bottom adhesion, ensuring the stable progress of the polymerization reaction and the stability of product quality.

[0052] Meanwhile, since the horizontal distance between the first limiting block 12 and the slider 14 on the same side is twice the horizontal distance between the second limiting block 13 and the slider 14 on the same side, when the stirring plate 5 slides to the wall scraping station, the cooling pipe still retains a sufficient flow section, the internal cooling circulation loop always remains unobstructed, and the cooling operation can be carried out continuously and stably. The cooling temperature control effect will not be affected by the position adjustment of the stirring plate 5. At the same time, the stirring plate 5 can still maintain the original stirring intensity to ensure the uniform mixing of materials and the smooth progress of the polymerization reaction.

[0053] During the sliding and operation of the mixing plate 5, the wear-resistant soft pad 38 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 22, which can effectively prevent rigid friction between the slider 14 and the water outlet pipe 22 and provide reliable protection for the water outlet pipe 22; the double guide structure of the upper limit plate 10, the lower limit plate 11 and the guide rail 15 ensures the stability of the sliding and rotation process of the mixing plate 5, avoids jamming and shaking, and is suitable for the mixing and wall scraping of high viscosity materials.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are the same.

Claims

1. A polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber, the polymerization apparatus comprising a cylinder (1), a cover (2) mounted on the top of the cylinder (1), and a rotating shaft (3) coaxially rotatably passing through the middle of the cover (2); characterized in that, A cavity (4) is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft (3). A limiting component is installed in the cavity (4). The rotating shaft (3) is slidably connected to the stirring plate (5) through the limiting component. Cooling pipes are provided inside the rotating shaft (3) and the stirring plate (5). The cooling pipes are used to control the temperature of the polymer material. At the same time, the pressure of the coolant in the cooling pipes is controlled to drive the stirring plate (5) to slide, so that the stirring plate (5) is separated from the inner wall of the cylinder (1) to form a stirring state or to be attached to form a scraping state. The mixing plate (5) is composed of a first sliding plate (6), a second sliding plate (7), a longitudinal plate (8), and a transverse plate (9); the first sliding plate (6) and the second sliding plate (7) have the same structure, both including an inclined section and a horizontal section, and the second sliding plate (7) is located below the first sliding plate (6); the top of the inclined section of the first sliding plate (6) and the second sliding plate (7) both extend into the cavity (4) and are slidably connected to the rotating shaft (3) along the length of the inclined section; the bottom of the inclined section is integrally connected to the corresponding horizontal section, and the ends of the two horizontal sections away from the inclined section are fixedly connected to the longitudinal plate (8); one end of the transverse plate (9) is fixedly set at the bottom end of the longitudinal plate (8); The limiting assembly includes an upper limiting plate (10), which is fixedly disposed inside the cavity (4). A lower limiting plate (11) is disposed below the upper limiting plate (10) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (4). The top of the inclined section of the first sliding plate (6) is slidably disposed between the upper limiting plate (10) and the lower limiting plate (11). A first limiting block (12) and a second limiting block (13) are fixedly disposed between the upper limiting plate (10) and the lower limiting plate (11). The first limiting block (12) is located on the inclined section of the first sliding plate (6). On one side, the second limiting block (13) is located on the other side of the inclined section of the first slide plate (6); sliders (14) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate (6); four guide rails (15) are symmetrically arranged below the lower limiting plate (11), and the guide rails (15) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (4); the guide rails (15) have guide grooves (16) on the side facing the second slide plate (7), and two guide rods (17) are fixedly connected to the top of the inclined section of the second slide plate (7), and the ends of the guide rods (17) are limited to sliding within the guide grooves (16); The cooling pipeline includes a main water inlet pipe (18), the main water inlet pipe (18) is coaxially fixed through the middle of the rotating shaft (3), and a water inlet pipe (19) is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate (5); a redundant cavity (20) is opened at the top of the inclined section of the first slide plate (6), and the bottom of the main water inlet pipe (18) extends into the redundant cavity (20); a water inlet corrugated pipe (21) is provided in the redundant cavity (20), and the main water inlet pipe (18) and the water inlet pipe (19) are connected through the water inlet corrugated pipe (21); the rotating shaft (3) is eccentrically fixed inside. A water outlet main pipe (22) is provided, the bottom end of which extends into the cavity (4) and is fixedly connected to two fixing blocks. The fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (4). A water outlet pipe (23) is fixedly connected inside the stirring plate (5). A water outlet corrugated pipe (24) is provided below the lower limit plate (11). The water outlet main pipe (22) and the water outlet pipe (23) are connected through the water outlet corrugated pipe (24). The water outlet pipe (23) and the water inlet pipe (19) are connected through an arc-shaped connecting pipe (25). The upper limit plate (10), lower limit plate (11), first limit block (12), second limit block (13), inclined section of first slide plate (6), inclined section of second slide plate (7), slider (14), guide groove (16), water inlet corrugated pipe (21) and water outlet corrugated pipe (24) are all inclined at 45 degrees relative to the axis of the rotating shaft (3); the horizontal distance between the first limit block (12) and the slider (14) on the same side is equal to twice the horizontal distance between the second limit block (13) and the slider (14) on the same side; the distance between the longitudinal plate (8) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block (13) and the slider (14) on the same side; the distance between the transverse plate (9) and the bottom wall of the cylinder (1) is equal to the horizontal distance between the second limit block (13) and the slider (14) on the same side.

2. The polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting block (12) is located at the bottom between the upper limiting plate (10) and the lower limiting plate (11), and the second limiting block (13) faces the side of the slider (14) on the same side and is coplanar with the axis of the rotating shaft (3).

3. The polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limit plate (10) and the lower limit plate (11) are provided with a placement groove (26) on the side near the water outlet pipe (22). A wear-resistant soft pad (38) is provided in the placement groove (26). The wear-resistant soft pad (38) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe (22). The wear-resistant soft pad (38) is located between two fixed blocks. The first limit block (12) and the slider (14) on the same side are both in contact with the outer wall of the wear-resistant soft pad (38) on the side facing the water outlet pipe (22).

4. The polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rotating shaft (3) extends out of the cover (2) and is rotatably sealed to the first rotary sealing joint (27). The top of the water outlet pipe (22) is connected to the first rotary sealing joint (27). The water outlet (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the first rotary sealing joint (27). The top of the first rotary sealing joint (27) is fixedly connected to the second rotary sealing joint (30) through the bracket (29). The top of the water inlet pipe (18) passes through the first rotary sealing joint (27) and is rotatably sealed to the second rotary sealing joint (30).

5. A polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drive assembly is installed on the top of the cover (2), which is used to drive the rotating shaft (3) to rotate; the drive assembly includes a driven gear (31), the driven gear (31) is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft (3), a gearbox (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the cover (2), a drive gear (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox (32), and the drive gear (33) meshes with the driven gear (31); a motor (34) is fixedly connected to the top of the cover (2), and the output end of the motor (34) is coaxially fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox (32).

6. The polymerization apparatus for producing chloroprene rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cover (2) is fixedly connected to the inlet (35), and the top of the cover (2) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof port (36); the bottom side wall of the cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the outlet (37).

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