Tension-adjustable wire guiding device for copper wire drawing machine

Abstract

The application provides a wire feeding and guiding device with adjustable tension for a copper wire drawing machine, and relates to the technical field of wire drawing. The device comprises a machine body, a first output shaft and a second output shaft arranged on the machine body, a water injection tank fixedly installed on one side of the machine body, a box body and a cover body of the water injection tank, wire entry and exit guides arranged at both ends of the box body, a first tower wheel and a second tower wheel arranged in the box body, the first tower wheel in transmission connection with the first output shaft, the second tower wheel in transmission connection with the second output shaft, a plurality of mutually staggered guide grooves arranged on the first tower wheel and the second tower wheel, wire entering the box body through the wire entry guide, winding in the guide grooves of the first tower wheel and the second tower wheel in sequence, and then being output through the wire exit guide after wire drawing is completed, and the guide groove with a conical surface structure on the second tower wheel in cooperation with an axially slidable adjusting frame, realizing linear adjustment of wire tension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wire drawing technology, and more specifically, to a wire guide device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Copper wire drawing machines are continuous processing equipment that turns copper wire from rough blanks to finished products. They use multiple rollers in conjunction with drawing dies to cold draw and reduce the diameter of copper wire step by step. The wire feeding and guiding device is a key component of the drawing machine, which directly determines the stability of wire feeding, the accuracy of tension control, the quality of the drawn finished product, and the continuity of production.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream copper wire drawing machines in the industry adopt a double-tower reciprocating winding multi-pass drawing structure. Multiple passes of wire winding are achieved through staggered guide grooves on two sets of towers, and continuous diameter reduction is completed in conjunction with the corresponding drawing dies. Existing wire guiding devices mostly use fixed-structure tower guide grooves, and tension control largely relies on tower speed matching or adjustment of the end-effector tension wheel. However, existing technologies still have technical shortcomings: 1. In existing pulley systems with fixed guide grooves, the tension of the wire in each pass after manual threading relies entirely on the operator's experience, making it difficult to achieve uniform tension control. If wire tension deviation occurs during the drawing process, it can lead to problems such as wire jumping, tangling, and breakage during high-speed operation, significantly increasing downtime for maintenance and reducing production efficiency. Furthermore, it can cause uneven diameter and inconsistent internal stress distribution in the finished copper wire, thus failing to meet the processing requirements for high-precision copper wire.

[0004] 2. Existing devices can only detect the overall tension of the wire through the end tension wheel, and cannot independently and in real time monitor the tension of the wire in each pass during the drawing process. Therefore, it is difficult to detect tension abnormalities in a single process in a timely manner. At the same time, current tension adjustment mostly adopts open-loop control, which cannot adjust the control parameters based on real-time tension data. As a result, it is difficult to effectively suppress tension fluctuations under the influence of factors such as material performance fluctuations, mold wear, or speed changes, resulting in insufficient tension control stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wire guide device for a tension adjustable copper wire drawing machine, which realizes the detection and adjustment of wire tension in multiple passes and improves the production quality of wire drawing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine, comprising a machine body, on which a first output shaft and a second output shaft are mounted. A water tank is fixedly installed on one side of the machine body, the water tank comprising a housing and a cover, with an inlet guide and an outlet guide respectively provided at both ends of the housing. A first roller and a second roller are provided inside the housing, the first roller being drivenly connected to the first output shaft, and the second roller being drivenly connected to the second output shaft. Both the first and second rollers have multiple staggered guide grooves. The wire enters the housing through the inlet guide, winds sequentially into the guide grooves of the first and second rollers to complete the wire drawing, and then exits through the outlet guide. A tension adjusting mechanism is provided on the second roller to adjust the tension of the wire in each guide groove. A tension detection mechanism is provided on the first roller to detect the tension value of the wire in each guide groove in real time.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second tractor wheel includes a second wheel body, and a plurality of guide grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the second wheel body. Each guide groove is equipped with a tension adjustment component. The tension adjustment component includes an adjustment frame, which includes an intermediate guide ring, a guide strip, and a limiting edge. A guide strip that is slidably adapted to the guide groove is fixed on the intermediate guide ring. The intermediate guide ring and the limiting edge are fixedly connected by the guide strip. The adjustment frame moves along the axial direction of the second wheel body.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, each guide groove of the second wheel body adopts a conical surface structure, and the taper of the conical surface is consistent with the taper of the second wheel body itself. The wire is wound on the conical surface of the guide groove, and the guide bar and the limiting edge of the adjusting frame form an axial limit on the wire.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pull rod is axially inserted through the center of the second wheel body, the intermediate guide ring is slidably sleeved on the pull rod, and a plurality of retaining rings are fixedly provided on the pull rod. Each intermediate guide ring is provided with a corresponding retaining ring. One end of the pull rod is connected to the output end of the telescopic motor. When the telescopic motor drives the pull rod to move axially, the retaining ring abuts against the corresponding intermediate guide ring, thereby driving multiple sets of adjusting frames to move axially synchronously.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a fixing plate is also sleeved on the pull rod, the center of the fixing plate is slidably engaged with the pull rod, and the edge of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the end face of the second wheel body away from the second output shaft; a plurality of threaded grooves are distributed around the center of the fixing plate, the number of the threaded grooves is consistent with the number of the adjusting frame, and a push rod is threadedly connected in each of the threaded grooves, one end of the push rod abutting against the corresponding intermediate guide ring.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an elastic element is provided between the intermediate guide ring and the corresponding retaining ring, and the two ends of the elastic element are fixedly connected to the intermediate guide ring and the retaining ring, respectively.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first turret wheel includes a first wheel body, and a plurality of fixed guide grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the first wheel body. Each fixed guide groove is provided with at least three sets of floating guide grooves. The inner wall of the fixed guide groove is provided with a groove for installing the floating guide grooves. The floating guide grooves can float radially along the first wheel body.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensing plate is installed in the groove, and a controller is fixedly installed inside the first wheel body. The pressure sensing plate is electrically connected to the controller. When the wire is wound on the floating guide groove, the floating guide groove is pushed to move radially to trigger the pressure sensing plate. The controller acquires the pressure signal and calculates the tension value of the wire in the current pass.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller is electrically connected to the telescopic motor, and the controller sends a control command to the telescopic motor according to the acquired wire tension value to adjust the axial position of the adjustment frame.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a constant speed wheel, an auxiliary wheel, a tension auxiliary wheel, a tension wheel and a take-up wheel are arranged sequentially along the wire conveying direction on the side of the housing near the wire guide; both the wire inlet guide and the wire outlet guide adopt a ceramic guide wheel structure, and a wire drawing die is arranged between the first tower wheel and the second tower wheel.

[0016] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention achieves linear adjustment of wire tension by using the guide groove of the conical structure on the second pulley in conjunction with the axially sliding adjustment frame; through the cooperation of the pull rod, the retaining ring and the telescopic motor, multiple sets of adjustment frames can be driven to move synchronously, realizing synchronous and uniform adjustment of wire tension in all passes, effectively solving the problem of uneven tension in each pass after manual threading, greatly reducing the probability of wire skipping, breakage and wire diameter deviation, and improving production continuity and finished product qualification rate.

[0017] 2. By setting a fixed plate and a push rod, the adjustment frame can be adjusted independently, realizing the independent adjustment of the wire tension in a single pass. This can adapt to the differentiated process requirements of different passes in multi-pass wire drawing, further improving the uniformity of tension in each pass and the consistency of the finished copper wire diameter.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides an elastic element between the intermediate guide ring and the retaining ring, which can buffer and compensate the displacement of multiple sets of adjustment frames during synchronous adjustment, effectively offsetting the displacement deviation between multiple sets of adjustment frames and avoiding the problem of tension adjustment lag or asynchrony. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wire feeding guide device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wire feeding guide device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to another perspective of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the internal tower wheel of the water injection tank of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the structure; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the installation structure of the first and second chuck wheels of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial structural diagram; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the adjustment frame of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the first tower wheel of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional structural diagram of section AA; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the second chuck wheel of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the internal tie rod, fixing plate, and push rod of the second tower wheel of the present invention. Figure 12 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure of the fixed plate, push rod, and adjusting frame.

[0020] Figure label: 1. Machine body; 101. First output shaft; 102. Second output shaft; 2. Water tank; 201. Housing; 2011. Inlet guide; 2012. Outlet guide; 202. Cover; 3. Rotary connecting sleeve; 4. First tower wheel; 401. First wheel body; 402. Fixed guide groove; 403. Floating guide groove; 404. Pressure sensor; 405. Controller; 5. Second tower wheel; 501. Second wheel body; 5011. Guide groove; 502. Adjusting frame; 5021. Intermediate guide ring; 50211. Guide hole; 5022. Guide strip; 5023. Limiting edge; 503. Pull rod; 5031. Retaining ring; 504. Fixed plate; 505. Push rod; 6. Telescopic motor; 7. Constant speed wheel; 8. Dividing wheel; 9. Guide wheel; 10. Tension wheel; 11. Take-up wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: This example provides a wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the machine includes a body 1, which serves as the mounting base for the wire drawing machine. A first output shaft 101 and a second output shaft 102 are rotatably mounted on the body 1. Both the first output shaft 101 and the second output shaft 102 are connected to the drive mechanism of the wire drawing machine, enabling the output of constant-speed rotational power. A water tank 2 is bolted to one side of the body 1. The water tank 2 provides cooling and lubricating fluid for the wire drawing process, reducing the working temperature of the drawing die and the wire, minimizing wear, and ensuring stable wire drawing operations.

[0023] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the water tank 2 includes a box body 201 with a top opening and a cover 202 that closes to the opening of the box body 201. The cover 202 can be opened to facilitate wire threading, inspection, and maintenance operations by operators. An inlet guide 2011 is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the box body 201, and an outlet guide 2012 is fixedly installed on the right side wall. Both the inlet guide 2011 and the outlet guide 2012 adopt a ceramic guide wheel structure, which can reduce frictional damage during wire conveying and prevent scratches on the wire surface. A first pulley 4 and a second pulley 5 are arranged inside the box body 201. One end of the first pulley 4 is coaxially connected to the first output shaft 101, and one end of the second pulley 5 is coaxially connected to the second output shaft 102. The first output shaft 101 and the second output shaft 102 can respectively drive the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5 to rotate at a constant speed.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, multiple guide grooves are formed on the outer periphery of both the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5, and the guide grooves on the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5 are staggered along the axial direction. In actual wire drawing operation, a wire drawing die corresponding to the guide groove passes is fixedly installed between the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5. The copper wire to be processed enters the inner cavity of the housing 201 through the wire inlet guide 2011, reciprocates and winds in the guide grooves of the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5, and passes through the corresponding wire drawing dies in sequence. After completing multiple continuous drawing and diameter reduction passes, it is finally output from the housing 201 through the wire outlet guide 2012.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, on the side of the housing 201 near the wire guide 2012, a speed-regulating wheel 7, a wire-separating wheel 8, a wire-guiding wheel 9, a tension wheel 10, and a take-up wheel 11 are arranged sequentially along the wire conveying direction. The wire output from the wire guide 2012 first passes through the speed-regulating wheel 7, which is flush with the outlet of the wire guide 2012. The speed-regulating wheel 7 is used to stabilize the output linear speed of the wire and match the rhythm of wire drawing and take-up. Then, the wire passes through the wire-separating wheel 8, the wire-guiding wheel 9, and the tension wheel 10 in sequence. The wire-guiding wheel 9 and the tension wheel 10 work together to perform secondary stabilization and adjustment of the overall tension of the wire, eliminating tension fluctuations during the wire conveying process. Finally, the wire with stable tension is taken up by the take-up wheel 11.

[0026] To address the issue of uneven tension in the threads after manual threading, this embodiment incorporates a tension adjustment mechanism on the second guide wheel 5 to regulate the tension of the threads within each guide groove. For example... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the second pulley 5 includes a second wheel body 501. Multiple guide grooves 5011 are formed on the outer periphery of the second wheel body 501, and each guide groove 5011 is equipped with a set of tension adjustment components. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the tension adjustment assembly includes an adjustment frame 502, which comprises a central guide ring 5021, a guide strip 5022, and a limiting edge 5023. The central guide ring 5021 has a guide hole 50211 at its center. A guide strip 5022, which slides and adapts to a guide groove 5011, is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the central guide ring 5021. One end of the guide strip 5022, away from the central guide ring 5021, is fixedly connected to the annular limiting edge 5023, thus forming an integral adjustment frame 502 between the central guide ring 5021 and the limiting edge 5023 via the guide strip 5022. Through the sliding engagement of the guide strip 5022 and the guide groove 5011, the adjustment frame 502 can smoothly slide along the axial direction of the second wheel body 501.

[0027] Each guide groove 5011 of the second wheel body 501 adopts a conical structure, and the taper of the conical surface is consistent with the taper of the second wheel body 501 itself. The wire wound in the guide groove 5011 is in direct contact with the conical surface. The guide bar 5022 and the limiting edge 5023 of the adjusting frame 502 are located on both sides of the wire, forming an axial limit on the wire to prevent the wire from coming out of the guide groove 5011 during high-speed operation. When the adjusting frame 502 moves axially away from the second output shaft 102, the wire is gradually tightened under the guidance of the conical surface, and the tension of the wire increases accordingly; conversely, when the adjusting frame 502 moves closer to the second output shaft 102, the tension of the wire decreases accordingly, thereby achieving linear adjustment of the wire tension.

[0028] like Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, a pull rod 503 is axially inserted through the center of the second wheel body 501. The intermediate guide ring 5021 of the adjusting frame 502 is slidably sleeved on the pull rod 503 through the guide hole 50211. Several retaining rings 5031 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the pull rod 503. Each intermediate guide ring 5021 is provided with a corresponding retaining ring 5031. One end of the pull rod 503 passes through the second wheel body 501 and is coaxially connected to the output end of the telescopic motor 6.

[0029] A telescopic motor 6 is installed on the outer wall of the housing 201. The output end of the telescopic motor 6 is connected to the end of the pull rod 503 away from the second output shaft 102 through a rotating connecting sleeve 3. During the wire drawing operation, the pull rod 503 rotates synchronously at high speed with the second wheel 501. The rotating end joint of the rotating connecting sleeve 3 rotates synchronously with the pull rod, while the fixed end joint remains stationary with the output end of the telescopic motor 6, ensuring that the two movements do not interfere with each other. That is, when the telescopic motor 6 outputs axial telescopic displacement, the axial force can be rigidly transmitted to the pull rod 503 through the rotating connecting sleeve 3, driving the pull rod 503 to move axially to achieve tension adjustment. This avoids the rotational motion of the pull rod 503 being transmitted to the main shaft of the telescopic motor, preventing the telescopic motor 6 from being damaged by torsion and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the tension adjustment mechanism.

[0030] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: After manual threading is completed, when it is necessary to adjust the tension of each thread, the telescopic motor 6 is started. The telescopic motor 6 drives the pull rod 503 to move axially away from the second output shaft 102. The retaining ring 5031 on the pull rod 503 abuts against the corresponding intermediate guide ring 5021, thereby driving multiple sets of adjustment frames 502 to move synchronously axially, changing the winding position of the thread on the conical surface of the guide groove 5011, realizing the synchronous adjustment of the tension of multiple threads, ensuring that the thread in each guide groove obtains a more uniform tension, and reducing the probability of problems such as thread jumping, breakage, and wire diameter deviation caused by uneven tension.

[0031] In Example 2, the tension of multiple threads in Example 1 was synchronously adjusted using a tension adjustment mechanism on the second pulley, which improved the uneven tension of the threads after manual threading. However, in actual production applications, it is still necessary to obtain the actual tension value of the thread in each guide groove and dynamically adjust the tension according to the actual operating state of the thread, thereby facilitating stable control of the drawing process. This example, based on Example 1, adds a tension detection mechanism for real-time detection of the thread tension in each guide groove.

[0032] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the first turret wheel 4 includes a first wheel body 401. Multiple fixed guide grooves 402 are opened on the outer periphery of the first wheel body 401. At least three sets of floating guide grooves 403 are installed in each fixed guide groove 402. The inner wall of the fixed guide groove 402 is provided with grooves that correspond one-to-one with the floating guide grooves 403. The floating guide grooves 403 are installed in the corresponding grooves and can float radially along the first wheel body 401.

[0033] Furthermore, a pressure sensing element 404 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting groove, and an annular waterproof seal is provided between the floating guide groove 403 and the groove opening of the mounting groove to form a full circumferential seal for the mounting groove, so that the pressure sensing element is completely enclosed inside the groove and not exposed to the external water environment; the central inner cavity of the first wheel body 401 is an integrated sealed cavity structure, and the two ends of the cavity are fully sealed by sealing end caps with sealing rubber rings and waterproof rotary joints. The controller 405 is fixedly installed in the sealed cavity and is completely isolated from the external water body; the pressure sensing element 404 and the controller 405 are electrically connected by a waterproof shielded cable, and the cable threading points are filled with waterproof sealant to seal them; when the wire is wound on the floating guide groove 403, it pushes the floating guide groove 403 to move radially to trigger the pressure sensing element 404, and the controller 405 obtains the pressure signal and calculates the tension value of the wire in the current pass.

[0034] Specifically, a water-resistant and wear-resistant annular fluororubber sealing ring is embedded between the outer wall of the floating guide groove 403 and the inner wall of the groove opening of the mounting groove, forming a full circumferential seal for the groove opening of the mounting groove, completely isolating the inside of the groove from the cooling lubricant in the water tank, and the pressure sensing element is completely enclosed in the mounting groove, and will not be exposed to the external water environment, avoiding the intrusion of water, metal debris and other impurities that may cause short circuit of the sensing element and inaccurate detection.

[0035] A pressure sensor 404 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the groove. The central cavity of the first wheel body 401 is an integrated sealed cavity structure. Both ends of the cavity are sealed with sealing end caps with double-layer sealing rings. A waterproof rotary joint is provided at the connection position with the drive end to achieve IP68-level full-sealing protection for the cavity. The controller is fixedly installed in this sealed cavity and is completely sealed, completely avoiding short circuits and burnout caused by water ingress. The pressure sensor 404 is electrically connected to the controller 405 through a waterproof shielded cable. Both ends of the cable's through-hole inside the first wheel body 401 are filled with epoxy resin waterproof sealant to further enhance the sealing and protection effect. When the floating guide groove 403 moves towards the center of the first wheel body 401, it will squeeze and trigger the pressure sensor 404, which will transmit the real-time pressure signal to the controller 405.

[0036] In this embodiment, three sets of floating guide grooves 403 are set within each fixed guide groove 402, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed guide groove 402. For the first pulley 4, the wrap angle of the wire within the fixed guide groove 402 is close to 180 degrees. Therefore, regardless of the operating state of the wire, at least one or two sets of floating guide grooves 403 can be stably triggered. The controller 405 takes the maximum value of the multiple pressure signals acquired and converts the pressure signal into the real-time tension value of the wire in that pass using a preset tension calculation algorithm.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During the wire drawing process, the tension detection mechanism in each fixed guide groove 402 of the first tower wheel 4 collects the tension data of the corresponding wire in real time and transmits it to the controller 405. The controller 405 compares the real-time tension value with the preset tension threshold. When the tension value exceeds the preset range, the controller 405 sends a control command to the telescopic motor 6, which drives the pull rod 503 to move, adjusting the displacement of the adjustment frame 502 on the second tower wheel 5, thereby adjusting the tension of the wire. This ensures that the tension of each wire is stably maintained within the preset tension range, realizing closed-loop control of the wire tension. No manual intervention or machine stop detection is required, thus improving the automation level of the wire drawing operation.

[0038] In Example 3, the technical solution of Example 2 has achieved real-time detection and synchronous overall adjustment of yarn tension, allowing for synchronous adjustment of the tension of multiple yarns based on the detected tension data. However, in practical applications, it has been found that when tension deviations occur in a single or a few yarn passes, synchronous overall adjustment is insufficient to specifically address the tension anomalies in that single pass, failing to meet the differentiated process requirements of multi-pass yarn drawing. Furthermore, during synchronous adjustment, the multiple adjustment frames are prone to asynchronous displacement responses, affecting the stability of tension adjustment. This example, based on Example 2, optimizes the tension adjustment mechanism by adding a component capable of fine-tuning single yarn passes.

[0039] like Figure 10 , Figure 12 As shown, a fixed plate 504 is also fitted on the pull rod 503. A sliding hole is provided in the center of the fixed plate 504. The fixed plate 504 slides with the pull rod 503 through the sliding hole. The edge of the fixed plate 504 is fixedly connected to the end face of the second wheel body 501 away from the second output shaft 102 by bolts, so that the fixed plate 504 and the second wheel body 501 remain relatively fixed. At the same time, it provides radial guidance for the axial movement of the pull rod 503 and avoids radial shaking of the pull rod 503 during operation.

[0040] The fixed disk 504 has multiple threaded grooves evenly distributed around its center. The number of threaded grooves corresponds one-to-one with the number of adjusting frames 502. Each threaded groove is threaded with a push rod 505, with both ends of the push rod 505 extending out of the threaded groove and one end abutting against one end face of the corresponding intermediate guide ring 5021. The lengths of the multiple push rods 505 decrease sequentially along the direction from the second output shaft 102 to the fixed disk 504 to accommodate the installation distance of the adjusting frames 502 at different positions, ensuring that each set of push rods 505 can stably abut against the corresponding intermediate guide ring 5021.

[0041] Meanwhile, an elastic element is provided between the intermediate guide ring 5021 and the corresponding retaining ring 5031. In this embodiment, the elastic element is a compression spring, with both ends of the compression spring fixedly connected to one end face of the intermediate guide ring 5021 and one end face of the retaining ring 5031, respectively. The compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the pull rod 503. The elastic element can also be a heat-resistant rubber pad, depending on the operating conditions, to meet the requirements of high-temperature wire drawing conditions.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment: When the equipment is stopped, if it is necessary to independently fine-tune the tension of a single wire, simply rotate the push rod 505 of the corresponding pass. The push rod 505 moves axially under the action of the threaded drive of the threaded groove, pushing the corresponding intermediate guide ring 5021 to slide axially, changing the axial position of the adjustment frame 502 of that pass, thereby realizing the independent fine-tuning of the tension of a single wire, adapting to the wire drawing process requirements of different passes, and further improving the uniformity of the tension of each wire and the consistency of the wire diameter of the finished copper wire.

[0043] When the equipment is operating at high speed, if synchronous tension adjustment of multiple threads is required, the telescopic motor 6 is activated to drive the pull rod 503 to move. The retaining ring 5031 transmits the tension to the corresponding intermediate guide ring 5021 through the elastic element, causing the adjusting frame 502 to move synchronously. The elastic element can buffer and compensate for the displacement of the adjusting frame 502, offsetting the displacement deviation between multiple sets of adjusting frames 502, ensuring the consistency of the displacement response of multiple sets of adjusting frames 502, and avoiding problems such as lag or asynchrony in tension adjustment.

[0044] In the stopped state, the tension of each thread can be pre-adjusted by rotating the push rod 505. When the equipment is running at high speed, the telescopic motor 6 drives the pull rod 503. With the help of the pre-compression of the elastic element, which can be a compression spring, the displacement of the adjusting frame 502 is buffered and compensated. This eliminates the displacement deviation of each adjusting frame caused by friction or mechanical clearance, ensuring the synchronization of tension adjustment of multiple threads. The elastic element can also adaptively adjust the compensation force according to the different tension requirements of each thread, thus significantly improving the stability and consistency of tension adjustment during high-speed operation.

[0045] Example 4: This example provides a method for detecting wire tension based on the above-mentioned tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine's wire guide device. The specific implementation steps are as follows: S1. At the inlet of the inlet guide 2011 and the outlet of the outlet guide 2012, a set of through-beam infrared photoelectric sensors are installed as wire detection components. Both sets of sensors are electrically connected to the controller 405. The detection optical path of the sensor intersects perpendicularly with the wire conveying path and does not make physical contact with the wire to avoid scratching the wire surface.

[0046] Before equipment startup and during wire drawing operations, two sets of sensors send detection signals to the controller 405 in real time: when wires continuously pass through both the inlet guide 2011 and the outlet guide 2012, the wires block the detection light path, and the sensors send continuous trigger signals to the controller 405. The controller 405 confirms that the main wire conveying path is complete, and the equipment can start normally or run continuously; when any set of sensors fails to detect a wire signal, the controller 405 determines that the wire is not threaded properly, the wire is broken, or the wire is running away, and immediately triggers the audible and visual alarm device, while sending a stop command to the drive mechanism of the wire drawing machine to prevent the equipment from running idle or the wire from getting tangled and causing equipment damage.

[0047] S2 and controller 405, after confirming the integrity of the wire path, initiate the tension detection and adjustment process of the tower wheel section. The specific process is as follows: S2.1 At least three sets of floating guide grooves 403 in each fixed guide groove 402 of the first pulley 4 float radially with the tension of the wire, squeezing the pressure sensing plate 404 in the corresponding groove; the pressure sensing plate 404 converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 405 in real time; for a single fixed guide groove 402, the controller 405 takes the maximum value of the multiple pressure signals collected and converts the pressure signal into the real-time tension value of the wire in that pass through a pre-stored tension conversion algorithm.

[0048] S2.2 The controller 405 compares the real-time tension value of each wire pass with the pre-stored tension threshold range of the corresponding wire drawing process; when the real-time tension value of a single or multiple wire passes exceeds the upper or lower limit of the threshold range, the controller 405 generates a corresponding adjustment command based on the tension deviation value.

[0049] S2.3 Tension adjustment, the specific process is as follows: S2.3.1 When the tension deviation direction of all passes is consistent, the controller 405 sends a synchronous adjustment command to the telescopic motor 6. The telescopic motor 6 drives the pull rod 503 to move axially, and drives multiple sets of adjustment frames 502 to move axially synchronously through the retaining ring 5031, changing the winding position of the wire on the cone surface of the guide groove 5011 of the second tower wheel 5, and synchronously adjusting the tension of all passes until the tension value of all passes returns to the preset threshold range.

[0050] S2.3.2 When tension deviation occurs in a single or a few passes of the yarn, the controller 405 issues a single-pass fine-tuning prompt. The operator can rotate the corresponding pass's push rod 505 to push the corresponding adjustment frame 502 to move axially independently, thereby completing the independent fine-tuning of the single pass's yarn tension and ensuring that the yarn tension of all passes tends to be uniform.

[0051] S3. After the wire passes through the outlet guide 2012 and exits the water tank 2, it enters the secondary tension adjustment process of the outlet section. The specific process is as follows: The wire first passes through the constant speed wheel 7, which is driven by a constant speed motor. Its linear speed matches the wire pulling speed of the first tower wheel 4 and the second tower wheel 5, locking the basic conveying speed of the wire and eliminating the linear speed fluctuation caused by multiple wire pulling at the front end. Then the wire passes through the splitting wheel 8, which adjusts the winding angle of the wire to improve the response sensitivity of subsequent tension adjustment. After that, the wire passes through the splitting wheel 9 and the tension wheel 10 in sequence. The tension wheel 10 is equipped with a tension and pressure sensor on its swing arm. The tension and pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller 405 to detect the overall conveying tension of the wire in real time.

[0052] The controller 405 compares the detected overall tension value of the outgoing wire with the preset take-up tension threshold. When the tension fluctuates, it adjusts the swing angle of the tension wheel 10 or the axial displacement of the wire guide wheel 9 to fine-tune the tension of the wire, offsetting the tension fluctuations accumulated from multiple wire drawing processes. Ultimately, the wire entering the take-up wheel 11 maintains a constant preset take-up tension, ensuring that the take-up wheel 11 lays up neatly and the stress in the finished copper wire is uniform.

[0053] Example 5: This example provides a copper wire drawing method based on a guide groove matching the initial and target diameter of the wire. It is implemented using the wire guiding device for the tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine described above. The specific implementation process and calculation examples are as follows: In this embodiment, the wire to be processed is a copper wire with an initial diameter of... Target diameter of finished product Based on the characteristics of the cold drawing process for copper wire, the safe processing rate range for a single pass is determined to be 15% to 35%, and the maximum permissible elongation coefficient for a single pass is determined to be... Minimum extension coefficient per pass .

[0054] Calculate the overall cross-sectional reduction rate: Calculate the total elongation factor: Calculate the minimum number of wire drawing passes: Next, the calculation result is rounded up to determine the minimum number of wire drawing passes. This ensures that the processing rate of each pass is within a safe range.

[0055] To ensure uniform deformation and consistent work hardening rate in each pass, an equal elongation coefficient distribution principle is adopted, that is, the elongation coefficient of each pass is... They are equal, therefore the single-pass extension factor is: Corresponding single-pass processing rate The safe processing rate is within the range of 15% to 35%, which meets the process requirements.

[0056] Calculate the target diameter after each wire drawing pass sequentially. The trace diameter sequence is obtained: Lane 0: First step: Second course: The third one: 4th: 5th: The 6th course: According to the guide groove matching corresponding pass diameter sequence, the ratio of the effective working diameter of the guide groove of the first pulley 4 and the second pulley 5 paired in each pass must be equal to... .

[0057] In this embodiment, the fixed guide groove 402 of the first pulley 4 is a stepped groove with equal diameter, and the standard effective working diameters are 147.8mm, 132.0mm, 117.9mm, 105.4mm, 94.2mm, and 84.2mm respectively; the guide groove 5011 of the second pulley 5 is a conical structure, and the standard effective working diameter reference values ​​are 100.0mm, 89.3mm, 79.8mm, 71.3mm, 63.7mm, and 57.0mm respectively.

[0058] Furthermore, guide slot matching is performed sequentially for each of the six passes: First stage: The diameter of the first guide groove of the first tower wheel is 147.8mm, and the reference diameter of the second guide groove of the second tower wheel is 100.0mm. The diameter ratio is 147.8 / 100.0=1.478, which matches the calculated value. Therefore, it is selected as the first stage of the guide groove group.

[0059] The second set of guide grooves has the following characteristics: the diameter of the first guide groove is 132.0 mm, the reference diameter of the second guide groove is 89.3 mm, the diameter ratio is 132.0 / 89.3≈1.478, the matching is qualified, and it is selected as the second set of guide grooves.

[0060] The 3rd to 6th passes were matched sequentially using the same method. The deviation between the guide groove diameter ratio and the calculated value was ≤ ±0.2%, which met the matching requirements and completed the one-to-one correspondence between the 6 passes and the guide groove group.

[0061] After selecting the guide grooves, the wire is threaded according to the selected guide groove group. The tension value of each pass is collected in real time by the tension detection mechanism of the first pulley 4. If abnormal fluctuations occur in the tension of a single pass, it indicates that there is a deviation in the matching accuracy of the guide grooves. By rotating the push rod 505 of the corresponding pass and moving the adjusting frame 502 axially, the effective working diameter of the guide groove 5011 corresponding to the second pulley 5 is changed, and the guide groove diameter ratio is corrected to 1.478 until the tension of that pass is stable within the preset range. After all passes are calibrated, the wire drawing machine is started for continuous wire drawing. In this embodiment, there are no wire breaks or groove skipping phenomena in the 6-pass wire drawing process. The diameter tolerance of the finished copper wire is ≤±0.005mm, the internal stress is uniform, and the finished product qualification rate is significantly improved compared with the traditional experience-based selection.

[0062] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention, such as up, down, left, right, front, and back, are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0063] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine, characterized in that, Includes a body (1), on which a first output shaft (101) and a second output shaft (102) are provided. A water tank (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the body (1). The water tank (2) includes a box body (201) and a cover body (202). An inlet guide (2011) and an outlet guide (2012) are respectively provided at both ends of the box body (201). The housing (201) is provided with a first pulley (4) and a second pulley (5). The first pulley (4) is connected to the first output shaft (101) and the second pulley (5) is connected to the second output shaft (102). The first pulley (4) and the second pulley (5) are provided with multiple staggered guide grooves. The wire enters the housing (201) through the wire inlet guide (2011), and is wound around the guide grooves of the first pulley (4) and the second pulley (5) in sequence to complete the wire drawing before being output through the wire outlet guide (2012). The second tower wheel (5) is provided with a tension adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the tension of the wires in each guide groove; the first tower wheel (4) is provided with a tension detection mechanism, which is used to detect the tension value of the wires in each guide groove in real time. The second tower wheel (5) includes a second wheel body (501). Multiple guide grooves (5011) are opened on the outer periphery of the second wheel body (501). Each guide groove (5011) is equipped with a tension adjustment component. The tension adjustment component includes an adjustment frame (502). The adjustment frame (502) includes an intermediate guide ring (5021), a guide strip (5022), and a limiting edge (5023). The intermediate guide ring (5021) is fixed with a guide strip (5022) that slides and adapts to the guide groove (5011). The intermediate guide ring (5021) and the limiting edge (5023) are fixedly connected by the guide strip (5022). The adjustment frame (502) moves along the axial direction of the second wheel body (501). The first tower wheel (4) includes a first wheel body (401). The outer periphery of the first wheel body (401) is provided with multiple fixed guide grooves (402). Each fixed guide groove (402) is provided with at least three sets of floating guide grooves (403). The inner wall of the fixed guide groove (402) is provided with a groove for installing the floating guide groove (403). The floating guide groove (403) can float radially along the first wheel body (401). A pressure sensor (404) is installed in the groove, and a controller (405) is fixedly installed inside the first wheel (401). The pressure sensor (404) is electrically connected to the controller (405). When the wire is wound on the floating guide groove (403), the floating guide groove (403) is pushed to move radially to trigger the pressure sensor (404). The controller (405) acquires the pressure signal and calculates the tension value of the wire in the current pass.

2. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each guide groove (5011) of the second wheel body (501) adopts a conical structure, and the taper of the conical surface is consistent with the taper of the second wheel body (501) itself. The wire is wound on the conical surface of the guide groove (5011), and the guide strip (5022) and the limiting edge (5023) of the adjusting frame (502) form an axial limit on the wire.

3. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pull rod (503) is axially inserted through the center of the second wheel body (501). The intermediate guide ring (5021) is slidably sleeved on the pull rod (503). Several retaining rings (5031) are fixedly installed on the pull rod (503). Each intermediate guide ring (5021) is correspondingly provided with a retaining ring (5031). One end of the pull rod (503) is connected to the output end of the telescopic motor (6). When the telescopic motor (6) drives the pull rod (503) to move axially, the retaining ring (5031) abuts against the corresponding intermediate guide ring (5021), driving multiple sets of adjusting frames (502) to move axially synchronously.

4. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fixed plate (504) is also fitted on the pull rod (503). The center of the fixed plate (504) is slidably engaged with the pull rod (503). The edge of the fixed plate (504) is fixedly connected to the end face of the second wheel body (501) away from the second output shaft (102). Multiple threaded grooves are distributed around the center of the fixed plate (504). The number of threaded grooves is the same as the number of adjusting frames (502). Each threaded groove is threaded with a push rod (505). One end of the push rod (505) abuts against the corresponding intermediate guide ring (5021).

5. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, An elastic element is provided between the intermediate guide ring (5021) and the corresponding retaining ring (5031), and the two ends of the elastic element are fixedly connected to the intermediate guide ring (5021) and the retaining ring (5031) respectively.

6. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (405) is electrically connected to the telescopic motor (6). The controller (405) sends a control command to the telescopic motor (6) based on the obtained wire tension value to adjust the axial displacement of the adjustment frame (502).

7. The wire guiding device for a tension-adjustable copper wire drawing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (201) is provided with a constant speed wheel (7), an auxiliary wheel, a tension auxiliary wheel, a tension wheel (10) and a take-up wheel (11) in sequence along the wire conveying direction on the side near the wire guide (2012); the wire guide (2011) and the wire guide (2012) are both ceramic guide wheel structures, and a wire drawing die is provided between the first tower wheel (4) and the second tower wheel (5).

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