Vacuum melting and die casting integrated forming method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses
By using integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment and high-speed injection technology, the problems of magnesium alloy melt oxidation and heat loss have been solved, achieving high purity and high fluidity of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses, improving mechanical properties, and meeting the requirements of lightweight and efficient heat dissipation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SANHUACHUANG TECHNOLOGY (DONGGUAN) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
In existing magnesium alloy forming technologies, magnesium alloy melts are prone to oxidation upon contact with air, and heat is lost rapidly during the transfer process, resulting in black spot defects on the surface of the casting and high internal porosity, making it difficult to meet the requirements of lightweight and efficient heat dissipation for smart wearable glasses.
By employing an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment, the entire process of magnesium alloy melting and forming is achieved in vacuum isolation. Combined with high-speed injection technology, and with the cooperation of crucibles with high-purity graphite or ceramic anti-corrosion coatings, vacuum pump sets and mold temperature controllers, the melt is transported in a closed system without temperature drop and high-vacuum die-casting is ensured to produce structural parts for rare earth magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses.
It achieves high purity and appearance quality of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components, solves the problems of surface black spots and pores, improves fluidity and mechanical properties, and meets the requirements of consumer electronics-grade appearance and harsh usage environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN122209984A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision metal forming technology, and more specifically, to an integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment and a method for integrated vacuum melting and die casting of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses. Background Technology
[0002] With the iterative evolution of consumer electronics technology, smart wearable glasses are gradually establishing themselves as the core of the next generation of mobile terminals after smartphones. Driven by diversified scenarios such as entertainment, office work, and assisted travel, the market penetration rate of smart glasses continues to climb, showing an explosive growth trend. However, as a head-mounted display device that needs to be worn for extended periods, "wearing comfort (weight)" and "device battery life" remain two major bottlenecks restricting user experience. At the hardware development level, in order to achieve longer battery life within the limited overall weight threshold, it is urgent to carry out extreme lightweight innovations on core structural components such as the temple shell and face frame to reduce the structural weight ratio and reserve more weight space for the battery module.
[0003] Traditional solutions often use materials such as polymer plastics, aluminum alloys, or titanium alloys, but these have inherent drawbacks such as low heat dissipation efficiency, high density, or high processing costs, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of ultra-lightweight and efficient heat dissipation for smart wearable glasses. In contrast, magnesium alloys, with their low density, high specific strength, and excellent heat dissipation and electromagnetic shielding properties, are considered ideal materials for structural components of smart wearable glasses. However, due to the chemically active nature of magnesium alloys, their susceptibility to oxidation, and the difficulty in die-casting thin-walled parts, their application has not yet been widespread and effective.
[0004] Specifically, in existing magnesium alloy forming technologies, the smelting and injection processes are spatially independent. This traditional smelting-injection separation process faces significant challenges in manufacturing smart wearable glasses: on the one hand, during the transfer of molten magnesium from the furnace to the pressure chamber (the slurry stage), it inevitably comes into contact with air, generating secondary oxidation inclusions, resulting in black spot defects on the frame surface, making it difficult to meet consumer electronics-grade appearance standards; on the other hand, the transfer process is accompanied by significant heat loss, causing a sharp drop in the fluidity of the molten metal when filling the narrow temple channels, easily leading to cold shuts or incomplete pouring. Furthermore, because the injection chamber does not achieve a vacuum closed loop, air entrapment issues result in high porosity inside the casting, limiting further improvements in its mechanical properties.
[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop a vacuum melting and die casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses that can isolate air from the melting source and achieve direct supply of melt without temperature drop. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a vacuum melting and die casting method for integrated molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses, so as to solve the problems of easy oxidation of magnesium alloy melt when it comes into contact with air, rapid heat loss during the transfer process, and high internal porosity of the formed casting in the existing traditional melting-injection separation process.
[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment, comprising a melting chamber, a melting crucible and a tilting drive mechanism disposed within the melting chamber, a die-casting mold, a material cylinder, an injection rod, a vacuum pump assembly, and a mold temperature controller, wherein...
[0008] One end of the barrel is connected to the cavity of the die-casting mold, and the other end passes through the melting chamber and is connected to the injection rod; The smelting crucible is mounted on the tilting drive mechanism, which is used to drive the smelting crucible to tilt so as to pour the molten material formed by smelting into the material cylinder; The injection rod is used to inject the molten material from the barrel into the cavity of the die-casting mold; The die-casting mold is used to die-cast the molten material in the cavity; The vacuum pump unit is connected to the melting chamber and the die-casting mold, and is used to draw a vacuum. The mold temperature controller is connected to the die-casting mold and is used to preheat the mold.
[0009] Alternatively, the smelting crucible may be a high-purity graphite crucible, an iron-free composite metal crucible, or a steel crucible with a ceramic anti-corrosion coating on the inner wall.
[0010] Secondly, this invention provides a method for vacuum melting and die casting integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses, wherein the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts are prepared using the aforementioned vacuum melting and die casting integral molding equipment, and the method includes: S1: Place the magnesium alloy raw material in a melting crucible, wherein the magnesium alloy raw material is a high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, and its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: Al: 3.0-9.5%; Zn: 0.4-2.0%; RE: 0.1-3.0%; Mn: 0.1-0.5%; the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities; wherein the rare earth element is selected from at least one of Gd, Y, Nd or Ce; S2: Before closing the mold, the die-casting mold is preheated to a preset temperature. S3: After the die-casting mold reaches the preset temperature, spray a release agent onto the cavity surface of the die-casting mold, blow it dry, and then close the die-casting mold. S4: Evacuate the melting chamber, the barrel, and the die-casting mold to bring the integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment to a preset vacuum environment; S5: Under the vacuum environment, the melting crucible is heated to melt the magnesium alloy raw material in the melting crucible into a magnesium alloy melt and keep it at the temperature. S6: Pour the magnesium alloy melt into the barrel; S7: Under the action of the injection rod, the magnesium alloy melt in the barrel is injected into the cavity of the die-casting mold; S8: After the magnesium alloy melt fills the cavity, the magnesium alloy melt is solidified under pressure. S9: After the pressure holding and solidification are completed, the mold is opened to obtain the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
[0011] Alternatively, the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component may include a face frame and temple shells connected to both sides of the face frame.
[0012] Alternatively, a reinforcing rib groove may be provided in the cavity at a position corresponding to the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component. The reinforcing rib groove is used to form the thin-walled structure of the internal reinforcing ribs or heat dissipation channels of the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
[0013] Alternatively, in S2, the preset temperature is 150~250℃.
[0014] Alternatively, in S4, the preset vacuum environment is a pressure below 50 Pa. In S5, the melting temperature of the magnesium alloy is 70-170°C higher than the liquidus temperature of the magnesium alloy.
[0015] Alternatively, in S6, the tilting rate of the melting crucible is 15–30° / s.
[0016] Alternatively, in S7, the injection rate of the injection rod is 0.5 to 8 m / s; In S8, the pressure for holding the magnesium alloy melt is 10-300 MPa, and the holding time is 2-15 s.
[0017] In addition, an optional approach is that the method further includes: S10: performing surface anodizing or micro-arc oxidation treatment on the obtained magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component, thereby generating a dense oxide film layer on the surface of the treated magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
[0018] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the vacuum melting and die casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1) The magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component formed by this invention has extremely high purity and appearance quality: The integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment of this invention has a fully connected vacuum environment for the melting crucible, barrel, and die-casting mold, realizing complete isolation of the magnesium alloy from air throughout the entire process from melting to forming. This fundamentally eliminates the secondary oxidation and slag inclusion problem caused by the traditional "scooping soup" process, resulting in a finished glasses structural component with no black spots or flow marks on the surface, which can directly meet the appearance requirements of consumer electronics.
[0019] 2) This invention solves the problem of ultra-thin long flow channel forming: Through the vacuum integrated structure of the vacuum melting and die casting integrated equipment, the melt is transported in a closed manner without temperature drop. Combined with the high-speed injection process, it effectively solves the problem of insufficient fluidity caused by the small heat capacity and fast heat dissipation of magnesium alloy.
[0020] 3) The surface of the smart wearable glasses formed by this invention has high density and anodizability: By combining the blowing and drying of the die-casting mold with high-vacuum die casting, the porosity inside the casting is greatly reduced. The resulting smart wearable glasses have a dense structure, which meets the conditions for high-end surface treatments such as anodizing or micro-arc oxidation, thus solving the technical problem that traditional magnesium alloy die castings are difficult to anodize.
[0021] 4) The magnesium alloy raw material used in this invention improves the mechanical properties of the molded smart wearable glasses: The rare earth magnesium alloy (Mg-Al-Zn-RE) used in this invention utilizes the fine grain strengthening and heat-resistant modification effects of rare earth elements, combined with vacuum rapid cooling process, to improve the tensile strength and elongation of the structural components of the smart wearable glasses, making them both lightweight and highly drop-resistant, meeting the harsh operating environment of smart wearable devices.
[0022] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects of the invention include the features that will be described in detail below. The following description and accompanying drawings illustrate certain exemplary aspects of the invention. However, these aspects indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention can be used. Furthermore, the invention is intended to encompass all such aspects and their equivalents. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a vacuum melting and die-casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are: 1. Melting chamber, 2. Melting crucible, 3. Injection rod, 4. Die casting mold, 5. Material cylinder, 10. Face frame, 20. Temple shell. Detailed Implementation
[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth for illustrative purposes and to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it will be apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form for ease of description of one or more embodiments.
[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0028] This invention can be modified and has various embodiments, with specific embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, this invention is not limited to this particular implementation and all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions falling within the spirit and technical scope of this invention are to be understood as included.
[0029] Ordinal terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various constituent elements, but the constituent elements are not limited to these terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one constituent element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the claims of this invention, a second constituent element may be named a first constituent element, and similarly, a first constituent element may be named a second constituent element. Terms and / or include combinations of multiple associated items or one of multiple associated items.
[0030] It should be understood that when referring to a constituent element being "connected" or "in contact" with other constituent elements, this includes not only cases where it is directly connected or in contact with other constituent elements, but also cases where other constituent elements exist between them. Conversely, when referring to a constituent element being "directly connected" or "directly in contact" with other constituent elements, it should be understood that no other constituent elements exist between them.
[0031] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing traditional melting-injection separation process, such as the easy oxidation of magnesium alloy melt upon contact with air, rapid heat loss during transfer, and high internal porosity of the resulting castings, this invention proposes a vacuum melting and die-casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses. Magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses formed using this method possess advantages such as lightweight design, high structural strength, and rapid heat dissipation, enabling the large-scale mass production of lightweight, high-strength magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components.
[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0033] To illustrate the structure of the integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment provided by this invention, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment, including a melting chamber 1, a melting crucible 2 disposed in the melting chamber 1, a tilting drive mechanism, a die casting mold 4, a material cylinder 5, and an injection rod 3. One end of the material cylinder 5 is connected to the cavity of the die casting mold 4, and the other end passes through the melting chamber 1 and is connected to the injection rod 3. The melting crucible is mounted on the tilting drive mechanism, which drives the melting crucible to tilt and pour the melt formed by melting into the material cylinder 5. Under the action of the injection rod 3, the material cylinder 5 injects the melt into the cavity of the die casting mold 4. The die casting mold 4 is used to perform die casting processing on the melt in the cavity.
[0035] Furthermore, the integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment of the present invention also includes a vacuum pump unit and a mold temperature controller. The vacuum pump unit is connected to the melting chamber and the die-casting mold and is used to create a vacuum. The mold temperature controller is connected to the die-casting mold and is used to preheat the die-casting mold. The structural components of the entire equipment work together to achieve a complete vacuum process from melting and injection to solidification.
[0036] The smelting crucible is made of high-purity graphite, a composite metal crucible that is free from iron corrosion, or a steel crucible with a ceramic anti-corrosion coating on its inner wall.
[0037] To illustrate the vacuum melting and die-casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses provided by this invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a vacuum melting and die-casting integrated molding method for magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses. The method uses the aforementioned vacuum melting and die-casting integrated equipment to prepare magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts. The method includes: S1: Place the magnesium alloy raw material in a melting crucible, wherein the magnesium alloy raw material is a high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, and its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: Al: 3.0-9.5%; Zn: 0.4-2.0%; RE: 0.1-3.0%; Mn: 0.1-0.5%; the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities; wherein the rare earth element is selected from at least one of Gd, Y, Nd or Ce; S2: Before closing the mold, the die-casting mold is preheated to a preset temperature. S3: After the die-casting mold reaches the preset temperature, spray a release agent onto the cavity surface of the die-casting mold, blow it dry, and then close the die-casting mold. S4: Evacuate the melting chamber, the barrel, and the die-casting mold to bring the integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment to a preset vacuum environment; S5: Under the vacuum environment, the melting crucible is heated to melt the magnesium alloy raw material in the melting crucible into a magnesium alloy melt and keep it at the temperature. S6: Pour the magnesium alloy melt into the barrel; S7: Under the action of the injection rod, the magnesium alloy melt in the barrel is injected into the cavity of the die-casting mold; S8: After the magnesium alloy melt fills the cavity, the magnesium alloy melt is solidified under pressure. S9: After the pressure holding and solidification are completed, the mold is opened to obtain the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
[0038] In the molding method of this invention, the integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment has a fully connected vacuum environment for the melting crucible, barrel, and mold, achieving complete isolation from air throughout the entire process of magnesium alloy melting and molding. This fundamentally eliminates the secondary oxidation and slag inclusion problem caused by the traditional "scooping soup" process, resulting in a surface free of black spots and flow marks on the molded eyeglass structural parts, directly meeting the appearance requirements of consumer electronics. Furthermore, through the integrated vacuum structure of the integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment, the melt is transported in a closed system without temperature drop, and combined with the high-speed injection process, the problem of insufficient fluidity caused by the low heat capacity and rapid heat dissipation of magnesium alloy is effectively solved.
[0039] Among them, such as Figure 2As shown, the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component includes a face frame 10 and temple shells 20 connected to both sides of the face frame 10. Reinforcing rib grooves are provided in the cavity at positions corresponding to the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component. These reinforcing rib grooves are used to form the thin-walled structure of the internal reinforcing ribs or heat dissipation channels of the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component. In embodiments of the present invention, the magnesium alloy raw material used in the present invention improves the mechanical properties of the formed smart wearable glasses: the rare earth magnesium alloy (Mg-Al-Zn-RE) used in the present invention utilizes the fine-grain strengthening and heat-resistant modification effects of rare earth elements, combined with a vacuum rapid cooling process, thereby improving the tensile strength and elongation of the smart wearable glasses structural component, making it both lightweight and highly drop-resistant, meeting the harsh operating environment of smart wearable devices.
[0040] Specifically, in S2, to reduce the temperature difference between the melt and the mold, delay early solidification during thin-wall filling, improve filling fluidity and part surface finish, and reduce filling resistance, the preset temperature is set to 150~250℃. In S4, to prevent secondary oxidation and inclusions in the magnesium alloy at high-temperature molten state, suppress the formation of oxide impurities, and ensure the uniformity of alloy structure and stability of mechanical properties, the preset vacuum environment pressure is set to a high vacuum state below 50 Pa; the melting temperature of the magnesium alloy is 70-170℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the magnesium alloy. In S6, to maintain the continuity and stability of melt delivery, reduce heat loss, and prevent liquid splashing and entrainment of residual gas in the vacuum chamber due to excessively rapid pouring, the rate at which the magnesium alloy melt is poured from the melting crucible is set to 15~30° / s. In S7, to complete the filling process before the material temperature drops below the liquidus line and solidification occurs, the injection rate of the injection rod is set to 0.5–8 m / s. In S8, to eliminate internal shrinkage cavities and improve dimensional accuracy and casting density, the holding pressure for the magnesium alloy melt is set to 10–300 MPa, and the holding time is 2–15 s.
[0041] Furthermore, the method also includes: S10: performing surface anodizing or micro-arc oxidation treatment on the obtained magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component, thereby generating an oxide film layer on the surface of the treated magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component. In the embodiments of the present invention, the combination of purging and drying of the die-casting mold and high-vacuum die casting greatly reduces the porosity inside the casting. The resulting smart wearable glasses have a dense structure, meeting the conditions for high-end surface treatments such as anodizing or micro-arc oxidation, thus solving the technical problem that traditional magnesium alloy die-castings are difficult to anodize.
[0042] To illustrate the effects of this invention in detail, specific embodiments are provided below. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention are all purchased commercially, i.e., industrial-grade raw materials.
[0043] Example 1
[0044] This embodiment provides a method for vacuum melting and die casting integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses, and a method for preparing magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts using integrated vacuum melting and die casting equipment. Figure 2 As shown, the temple portion of the one-piece molded smart wearable glasses in this embodiment has a wall thickness of 0.6mm, which is a thin-walled precision structural component. The method includes the following steps S1 to S10.
[0045] S1 Raw Material Preparation: High-strength and high-toughness rare-earth magnesium alloy was selected as the raw material. By mass percentage, the chemical composition used in this example is: Al: 9.0%, Zn: 0.8%, Gd: 1.0%, Mn: 0.2%, with the balance being Mg. The raw materials in the above proportions were weighed and placed in the melting crucible of the integrated equipment.
[0046] S2 Mold Preheating: Before mold closing, the mold temperature controller is started to heat the die-casting mold. In this embodiment, the working temperature of the die-casting mold is preset and stabilized at 220 ℃.
[0047] S3 Mold Treatment: After the die-casting mold reaches 220 ℃, a water-based release agent is evenly sprayed onto the cavity surface of the die-casting mold using an automatic spray nozzle. After spraying, the cavity is immediately dried by powerful blowing with compressed air for about 5~10 seconds until it is confirmed that there is no residual moisture on the cavity surface, and then the mold is closed.
[0048] S4 System Vacuuming: Start the vacuum pump unit to simultaneously evacuate the melting chamber where the melting crucible is located, the material cylinder, and the die-casting mold cavity connected to the material cylinder; evacuation continues until the gas pressure in the system reaches 20 Pa.
[0049] S5 Vacuum Melting: The melting crucible is heated under a vacuum of 20 Pa. Since the liquidus temperature of the magnesium alloy is approximately 595 °C, the melting temperature of the magnesium alloy in this embodiment is set to 700 °C, and the raw material is melted into a uniform magnesium alloy melt. The melt is then held at this temperature for 10 minutes to facilitate composition homogenization.
[0050] S6 Melt Transfer: While maintaining a constant vacuum environment of 20 Pa, the melting crucible is tilted. In this embodiment, the tilting rate of the crucible is controlled at 20 ° / s, and the metered magnesium alloy melt is poured smoothly and without turbulence into the barrel.
[0051] S7 Injection Molding: After the magnesium alloy molten material enters the barrel, the injection rod of the die casting machine is immediately activated. The punch presses the magnesium alloy molten material in the barrel into the mold cavity at high speed. For the thin-walled structure of smart glasses, the injection rate (high-speed section) is set to 3.0 m / s in this embodiment to ensure that the cavity is filled instantly before the melt solidifies.
[0052] S8 Pressure Holding and Solidification: After the magnesium alloy melt is filled, a pressure boosting process is immediately applied. In this embodiment, the cooling and solidification forming pressure is set to 150 MPa, and the holding time is 8 seconds. S9 Mold Opening and Part Removal: After cooling and solidification, the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts are removed from the mold.
[0053] S10 Surface Treatment: The removed magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components are cleaned and anodized to form an oxide film (protective film) on the surface.
[0054] The magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component prepared in Example 1 was subjected to performance testing and appearance inspection. The results are as follows: Appearance quality: The surface of the casting is smooth. Under a microscope, there are no visible black spots (oxide scale) or pores on the surface and under the skin.
[0055] Dimensional accuracy: The 0.6mm thin-walled temple is fully filled, with no cold shuts or insufficient casting, and the outline is clear.
[0056] Mechanical properties: Tests showed that the tensile strength of the temple sample reached 285 MPa, the yield strength reached 190 MPa, and the elongation reached 6.8%. Compared with the traditional AZ91D die-cast parts, the toughness of the product in this embodiment is significantly improved, meeting the test requirements for drop protection of smart glasses.
[0057] Post-treatment performance: After S10 treatment, the surface film is uniform and dense, without bubbles or pits, which verifies the extremely high density inside the casting.
[0058] Example 2
[0059] This embodiment provides a vacuum melting and die-casting method for integrally molding magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses, using an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment to prepare magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components. Unlike Embodiment 1, this embodiment focuses on a high-toughness formulation, suitable for sports smart glasses with higher requirements for drop impact resistance. The method includes the following steps S1 to S10.
[0060] S1 Raw Material Preparation: High-strength and high-toughness rare-earth magnesium alloy was selected as the raw material. By mass percentage, the chemical composition used in this example is: Al: 6.0%, Zn: 0.5%, Y: 2.0%, Mn: 0.3%, with the balance being Mg. The raw materials in the above proportions were weighed and placed in the melting crucible of the integrated equipment.
[0061] S2 Mold Preheating: Before mold closing, the mold temperature controller is started to heat the die-casting mold. In this embodiment, the working temperature of the die-casting mold is preset and stabilized at 200℃.
[0062] S3 Mold Treatment: After the die-casting mold reaches 200℃, a water-based release agent is evenly sprayed onto the cavity surface of the die-casting mold using an automatic spray nozzle. After spraying, the cavity is immediately dried by powerful blowing with compressed air for about 5-10 seconds until it is confirmed that there is no residual moisture on the cavity surface. Then the die-casting mold is closed.
[0063] S4 System Vacuuming: Start the vacuum pump unit to simultaneously evacuate the melting chamber where the melting crucible is located, the material cylinder, and the die-casting mold cavity connected to the material cylinder; continue evacuation until the gas pressure in the system reaches 40Pa.
[0064] S5 Vacuum Melting: The melting crucible is heated under a vacuum of 40 Pa. Considering that the liquidus temperature of this low-aluminum formulation is slightly high, the melting temperature is set to 710℃ in this embodiment, and the raw materials are melted into a uniform magnesium alloy melt. The melt is held at this temperature for 15 minutes to facilitate the full solidification of rare earth elements.
[0065] S6 Melt Transfer: While maintaining a constant vacuum environment of 40 Pa, the melting crucible is tilted. In this embodiment, the tilting rate of the melting crucible is controlled at 15° / s, and the metered magnesium alloy melt is poured smoothly and without turbulence into the barrel.
[0066] S7 Injection Molding: After the magnesium alloy molten material enters the barrel, the injection rod is immediately activated. The punch presses the magnesium alloy molten material in the barrel into the cavity of the die-casting mold at high speed. For the structure of this smart wearable glasses, the injection rate (high-speed section) is set to 4.5 m / s in this embodiment to ensure faster filling efficiency.
[0067] S8 Pressure Holding and Solidification: After the magnesium alloy melt is filled, a pressure boosting pressure is immediately applied. In this embodiment, the cooling and solidification forming pressure is set to 120 MPa, and the holding time is 5 seconds.
[0068] S9 Mold Opening and Part Removal: After cooling and solidification, the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts are removed from the mold.
[0069] S10 Surface Treatment: The removed magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components are cleaned and subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to form a wear-resistant ceramic film layer on the surface.
[0070] The magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component prepared in Example 2 above underwent performance testing and appearance inspection, and the results are as follows: Appearance quality: The surface of the casting has a silvery-white metallic luster, with no oxidation or blackening, and no cold shut lines at the end of the flow channel.
[0071] Dimensional accuracy: The dimensions at the connection between the temples and the faceplate are accurate and meet the design tolerance requirements.
[0072] Mechanical properties: The sample was tested and found to have a tensile strength of 265 MPa, a yield strength of 160 MPa, and an elongation of 8.5%. Thanks to the high rare earth element Y content and low aluminum content, the product of this embodiment exhibits excellent plasticity and performs well in severe bending tests, showing no signs of breakage.
[0073] Post-processing performance: After micro-arc oxidation treatment with S10, the ceramic film layer has strong adhesion and corrosion resistance that is significantly better than products processed by traditional methods.
[0074] Example 3
[0075] This embodiment provides a vacuum melting and die-casting method for integrally molding magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses. The method utilizes an integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment to prepare the structural components of the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses. The temple portion of the integrally molded smart wearable glasses in this embodiment has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm (ultra-thin wall), employing a high-strength formula and higher injection parameters. The method includes the following steps S1 to S10.
[0076] S1 Raw Material Preparation: High-strength and high-toughness rare-earth magnesium alloy was selected as the raw material. By mass percentage, the chemical composition used in this example is: Al: 8.5%, Zn: 1.2%, Nd: 0.8%, Mn: 0.2%, with the balance being Mg. The raw materials in the above proportions were weighed and placed in the melting crucible of the integrated equipment.
[0077] S2 Mold Preheating: Before closing the mold, start the mold temperature controller to heat the die-casting mold. In order to ensure the fluidity of the 0.5 mm ultra-thin wall thickness, the working temperature of the die-casting mold is preset and stabilized at 240 ℃.
[0078] S3 Mold Treatment: After the die-casting mold reaches 240 ℃, a water-based release agent is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the mold cavity using an automatic spray nozzle. After spraying, the cavity is immediately dried by powerful blowing with compressed air for about 5~10 seconds until it is confirmed that there is no residual moisture on the surface of the cavity. Then the die-casting mold is closed.
[0079] S4 System Vacuuming: Start the vacuum pump unit to simultaneously evacuate the melting chamber where the melting crucible is located, the material cylinder, and the die-casting mold cavity connected to the material cylinder; evacuation continues until the gas pressure in the system reaches 10 Pa.
[0080] S5 Vacuum Melting: The melting crucible is heated under a vacuum of 10 Pa. In this embodiment, the melting temperature is set to 690 °C and the liquidus temperature is 600 °C; the raw materials are melted into a uniform magnesium alloy melt and held at this temperature for 10 min.
[0081] S6 Melt Transfer: While maintaining a constant vacuum environment of 10 Pa, the melting crucible is tilted. In this embodiment, the tilting rate of the crucible is controlled at 25 ° / s, and the metered magnesium alloy melt is quickly and smoothly poured into the barrel to reduce temperature drop.
[0082] S7 Injection Molding: After the magnesium alloy melt enters the barrel, the injection rod is immediately activated. For an ultra-thin wall thickness of 0.5 mm, the injection rate (high-speed section) in this embodiment is increased to 6.0 m / s, using extremely high speed to force the cavity to be filled before the magnesium alloy melt solidifies.
[0083] S8 Pressure Holding and Solidification: After the magnesium alloy melt is filled, a pressure boosting process is immediately applied. In this embodiment, the cooling and solidification forming pressure is set to 200 MPa, and the holding time is 12 s.
[0084] S9 Mold Opening and Part Removal: After cooling and solidification, the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural parts are removed from the mold.
[0085] S10 Surface Treatment: The removed magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural components are cleaned and anodized to form a protective film on the surface.
[0086] The magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component prepared in Example 3 above underwent performance testing and appearance inspection, and the results are as follows: Appearance quality: The surface of the casting is extremely dense, without any pinholes, meeting the stringent requirements for direct high-gloss anodizing.
[0087] Dimensional accuracy: The 0.5mm ultrathin area is fully filled with sharp edges and no missing material, which verifies the ability of vacuum high pressure injection process to form ultrathin parts.
[0088] Mechanical properties: Tests showed that the tensile strength of the temple sample reached 270 MPa, the yield strength reached 168 MPa, and the elongation was 5.5%. This embodiment achieves a perfect balance between extreme lightweight and high strength.
[0089] Post-processing performance: After anodizing and dyeing with S10, the color is uniform and consistent, with a strong metallic texture and no color difference spots.
[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, integrations, and parameter alterations to these embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention, achieved through conventional substitutions or by achieving the same function without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment, characterized in that, It includes a melting chamber, a melting crucible and a tilting drive mechanism disposed within the melting chamber, a die-casting mold, a barrel, an injection rod, a vacuum pump assembly, and a mold temperature controller, wherein... One end of the barrel is connected to the cavity of the die-casting mold, and the other end passes through the melting chamber and is connected to the injection rod; The smelting crucible is mounted on the tilting drive mechanism, which is used to drive the smelting crucible to tilt so as to pour the molten material formed by smelting into the material cylinder; The injection rod is used to inject the molten material from the barrel into the cavity of the die-casting mold; The die-casting mold is used to die-cast the molten material in the cavity; The vacuum pump unit is connected to the melting chamber and the die-casting mold, and is used to draw a vacuum. The mold temperature controller is connected to the die-casting mold and is used to preheat the die-casting mold.
2. The integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smelting crucible is made of high-purity graphite, a composite metal crucible free from iron corrosion, or a steel crucible with a ceramic anti-corrosion coating on the inner wall.
3. A method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting, characterized in that, Magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses are prepared using the vacuum melting and die-casting integrated equipment as described in claim 1 or 2, the method comprising: S1: Place the magnesium alloy raw material in a melting crucible, wherein the magnesium alloy raw material is a high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, and its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: Al: 3.0-9.5%; Zn: 0.4-2.0%; RE: 0.1-3.0%; Mn: 0.1-0.5%; the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities; wherein the rare earth element is selected from at least one of Gd, Y, Nd or Ce; S2: Before closing the mold, the die-casting mold is preheated to a preset temperature. S3: After the die-casting mold reaches the preset temperature, spray a release agent onto the cavity surface of the die-casting mold, blow it dry, and then close the die-casting mold. S4: Evacuate the melting chamber, the barrel, and the die-casting mold to bring the integrated vacuum melting and die-casting equipment to a preset vacuum environment; S5: Under the vacuum environment, the melting crucible is heated to melt the magnesium alloy raw material in the melting crucible into a magnesium alloy melt and keep it at the temperature. S6: Pour the magnesium alloy melt into the barrel; S7: Under the action of the injection rod, the magnesium alloy melt in the barrel is injected into the cavity of the die-casting mold; S8: After the magnesium alloy melt fills the cavity, the magnesium alloy melt is solidified under pressure. S9: After the pressure holding and solidification are completed, the mold is opened to obtain the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
4. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component includes a face frame and temple shells connected to both sides of the face frame.
5. The method for vacuum melting and die casting integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses according to claim 3, characterized in that, A reinforcing rib groove is provided in the cavity at a position corresponding to the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component. The reinforcing rib groove is used to form the thin-walled structure of the internal reinforcing rib or heat dissipation channel of the magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.
6. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S2, the preset temperature is 150~250℃.
7. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S4, the preset vacuum environment is a pressure lower than 50 Pa; In S5, the melting temperature of the magnesium alloy is 70-170°C higher than the liquidus temperature of the magnesium alloy.
8. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S6, the tilting rate of the melting crucible is 15–30° / s.
9. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S7, the injection rate of the injection rod is 0.5 to 8 m / s; In S8, the pressure for holding the magnesium alloy melt is 10-300 MPa, and the holding time is 2-15 s.
10. The method for integral molding of magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses by vacuum melting and die casting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: S10: performing surface anodizing or micro-arc oxidation treatment on the obtained magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component, thereby generating a dense oxide film layer on the surface of the treated magnesium alloy smart wearable glasses structural component.