A spinning device for a large-scale rotary curved surface shell member and a method of use

Abstract

This invention discloses a spinning device and method for large-scale rotary curved shell components, belonging to the technical field of spinning devices. The spinning device for large-scale rotary curved shell components includes a cabinet, and further includes: a fixed base with a positioning rod rotatably mounted on one side; and a movable base slidably mounted on the cabinet, with a hydraulic cylinder on the cabinet for driving the movable base to move. A drive motor is mounted on the movable base, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a push rod that cooperates with the positioning rod via a transmission structure. This invention completes spinning and finishing in a single clamping sequence, solving the problems of precision loss and low efficiency caused by sequential processing. The device incorporates an intelligent waste disposal system, utilizing a ratchet counting mechanism driven by the main machining motion to automatically trigger pushing and dehydration actions, achieving efficient dry-wet separation of cutting and coolant and coolant recycling, significantly improving machining accuracy and automation level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinning equipment technology, and in particular to a spinning device and method for using a large rotary curved surface shell component. Background Technology

[0002] Large, curved surface shell components, such as rocket fairings and large pressure vessel heads, are widely used in aerospace, chemical, and special equipment fields. These components are typically large in size and complex in shape, requiring extremely high precision and integrity. Traditional manufacturing processes mainly rely on large spinning equipment for plastic forming. However, spun workpieces often suffer from dimensional springback and localized deformation. The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of critical components such as ports and flanges often cannot directly meet assembly requirements, necessitating subsequent precision machining.

[0003] In existing technologies, spinning and finishing are two independent processes. After spinning, the workpiece needs to be unloaded from the spinning machine, transported, and re-clamped onto a lathe or other machine tool for cutting. This process has significant drawbacks: First, multiple clamping can easily introduce positioning errors, seriously affecting key geometric tolerances (such as end roundness, end face runout, and overall coaxiality), making it difficult to meet high-precision requirements; second, the dispersed processes result in long production flows, long auxiliary times, low efficiency, and the occupation of multiple large pieces of equipment and space; third, in composite machining, there is the problem of mixed waste chips and waste liquid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing large-scale rotary curved shell components, which involve sequential spinning and finishing processes, multiple clamping operations that easily introduce datum conversion errors, long production processes, and low efficiency; and the mixing of chips and coolant in composite machining, requiring manual intervention or additional electronically controlled drive systems for cleaning. This invention proposes a spinning device and method for large-scale rotary curved shell components. Through overall modular optimization of the clamping and positioning, composite machining, waste disposal, and coolant circulation of large-scale rotary shells, a linkage technology solution with the main motion of the moving seat as the core drive is developed. The solution integrates a single-clamp rotation drive mechanism (consisting of a drive motor, positioning rod, ...) The system comprises a top rod, a single-station composite machining mechanism (composed of a robotic arm, a rotating disk, a spinning wheel, and a cutter), a machining cycle counting and automatic chip cleaning and compression mechanism (composed of a moving seat, a moving rod, a ratchet, a limit assembly, a first elastic telescopic rod, and an L-shaped push plate), and a chip cleaning-coolant in-situ regeneration linkage mechanism (composed of an L-shaped push plate, a pull rope, a lower filter plate, a sponge layer, and an L-shaped partition). Through the main motion linkage of the moving seat and the single rotating disk station switching, it achieves a multi-action coordinated function of completing spinning and cutting finishing in one clamping sequence, automatically triggering chip cleaning and compression based on machining cycle accumulation, and synchronously driving coolant filtration and regeneration through cleaning actions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component includes a cabinet and further includes: A fixed base, wherein a positioning rod is rotatably provided on one side of the fixed base; A movable seat is slidably mounted on a cabinet, and the cabinet is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for driving the movable seat to move. The movable seat is equipped with a drive motor, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a push rod that cooperates with a positioning rod through a transmission structure. A machining section, located at the top of the cabinet, is used for spinning and cutting the housing; A material discharge chute is installed inside the cabinet and positioned between the positioning rod and the top rod. The cabinet is equipped with a waste material handling mechanism that works in conjunction with the material drop chute.

[0006] Preferably, the processing unit includes a robotic arm fixed to the top of the cabinet, a rotating disk driven by a motor and mounted at the end of the robotic arm, and a spinning wheel, a cutter, and a nozzle mounted on the rotating disk.

[0007] Preferably, the waste handling mechanism includes a first elastic telescopic rod disposed in the cabinet, an L-shaped push plate disposed at the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod, a push-back assembly for compressing the first elastic telescopic rod, a limiting assembly for positioning the telescopic length of the first elastic telescopic rod, and a release assembly for releasing the first elastic telescopic rod. An upper filter plate is fixedly installed inside the material discharge chute, and the L-shaped push plate is slidably installed on the top of the upper filter plate.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting component includes a support plate fixed in the cabinet, a first elastic element connected to the support plate, and a limiting rod fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic element away from the support plate. The fixed end and the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod are provided with limiting holes that cooperate with the limiting rod, and the end of the limiting rod is provided with a pressing slope.

[0009] Preferably, the release assembly includes a support plate fixedly connected to the support plate, a ratchet rotatably mounted on the support plate via a rotating shaft, a positioning ratchet mounted on the support plate for limiting the rotation of the ratchet, a moving rod slidably connected inside the cabinet and fixedly connected to the moving seat, and a pausing ratchet mounted on the moving rod. Both the positioning ratchet and the pausing ratchet are provided with torsion springs for resetting. The release assembly also includes a lever fixed on the rotating shaft and a force-bearing plate fixed on the limiting rod and moving against the lever; The push-back assembly includes a lever hinged to a movable rod via a pin and a fixed plate fixed to the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod, wherein the lever and the fixed plate move against each other.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the material discharge trough away from the L-shaped push plate is provided with a housing. The bottom of the housing is hinged to a movable plate arranged parallel to the upper filter plate via a pin. A torsion spring for driving the movable plate to reset is provided on the pin. An insertion hole is provided on the movable plate. An L-shaped insertion rod that cooperates with the insertion hole is provided on the L-shaped push plate. The L-shaped insertion rod slides inside the wall of the material discharge trough.

[0011] Preferably, the cabinet is further provided with a water supply component at the bottom of the material discharge trough for providing water to the nozzles. The water supply component includes a water tank disposed between the inner wall of the cabinet and the bottom of the material discharge trough, a water pump disposed on the side of the water tank, and a water outlet pipe connected to the water outlet end of the water pump. The end of the water outlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the nozzle.

[0012] Preferably, a lower filter plate is slidably connected inside the material chute, a sponge layer is fixed on the upper side of the lower filter plate, a pull rope is provided between the lower filter plate and the L-shaped push plate, and a second elastic telescopic rod is provided between the lower filter plate and the inner wall of the water tank.

[0013] Preferably, an L-shaped partition is slidably connected to the lower side of the upper filter plate. The L-shaped partition has a recessed hole that matches the filter holes of the upper filter plate. A spring is provided between the L-shaped partition and the outer wall of the material discharge chute. A connecting plate is fixedly provided on the L-shaped push plate. A third elastic telescopic rod that moves against the L-shaped partition is provided on the connecting plate. A drainage groove is provided on the lower inner wall of the material discharge chute of the L-shaped partition.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a method of using a spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the large rotary curved shell blank to be processed onto the positioning rod of the fixed seat, start the hydraulic cylinder to push the moving seat closer to the fixed seat, so that the push rod on the moving seat presses against the other end of the workpiece, start the drive motor, and drive the push rod and positioning rod to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate; S2: Control the movement of the robotic arm, adjust the position of the rotating disk at its end, so that the spinning wheel contacts the surface of the rotating workpiece, the robotic arm moves along the preset trajectory, and the spinning wheel performs progressive spinning plastic forming on the workpiece until the target curved surface shape is obtained. S3: After spinning is completed, the robotic arm drives the rotating disk away from the workpiece. The motor on the rotating disk drives it to rotate 180 degrees, so that the cutter is aligned with the workpiece to be processed. The robotic arm moves again to control the cutter to perform turning and finishing on the rotating workpiece to correct the end size and improve the surface finish. At the same time, the nozzle sprays coolant to cool, lubricate and rinse the cutting area. S4: The metal chips generated during cutting mix with the used coolant and fall into the lower feed chute. The chips are intercepted by the upper filter plate, while the coolant passes through the upper filter plate and continues to flow downward. The coolant passing through the upper filter plate is first absorbed, buffered, and preliminarily filtered by the sponge layer. Then, the clean liquid passes through the lower filter plate and is collected in the water tank for storage. The water pump pumps the coolant in the water tank back to the nozzle through the outlet pipe, realizing recycling. S5: Automatic cleaning and compression collection of chips: Counting and triggering: In each processing cycle, the moving seat moves forward and backward once. The moving rod linked with the moving seat will drive the ratchet to rotate one tooth. After processing multiple workpieces, the ratchet rotates a certain angle in total, which drives the lever on the rotating shaft to push the force plate, so that the limit rod overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic element and is pulled out from the limit hole of the first elastic telescopic rod. Cleaning execution: After the limit is released, the first elastic telescopic rod, which has been pre-compressed and stored elastic energy, quickly returns to its original position and extends, pushing the L-shaped push plate to slide rapidly along the surface of the upper filter plate. During the movement of the L-shaped push plate, the L-shaped insert rod on it first inserts into the insertion hole of the movable plate and locks it in a horizontal state. Then, the L-shaped push plate pushes the chips accumulated on the upper filter plate into the outer shell in one go, and uses the side wall of the outer shell to squeeze the loose chips, reducing their subsequent storage volume. Synchronous dehydration: While the L-shaped push plate moves to clean up the chips, the lower filter plate and sponge layer are lifted upward by the pull rope. At the same time, the L-shaped push plate pushes the L-shaped partition to slide through the connecting plate and the third elastic telescopic rod, so that the concave holes on it are misaligned with the filter holes of the upper filter plate, thereby sealing the bottom of the upper filter plate. As the L-shaped push plate continues to move, during the period when the third elastic telescopic rod is compressed, the continuously moving sponge layer contacts the lower surface of the sealed L-shaped partition and is strongly squeezed. The coolant adsorbed inside the sponge layer is squeezed out, flows back to the water tank through the lower filter plate, and the drain channel can guide the instantaneous large flow of liquid and prevent blockage. Mechanism reset: After the cleaning action is completed, the movable seat retracts. During the retraction process, the lever on the movable rod pushes the fixed plate, compressing the first elastic telescopic rod back to its initial position. At the same time, under the action of the first elastic element, the limit rod re-inserts into the limit hole, locking the first elastic telescopic rod in preparation for the next cleaning.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a spinning device and method for large-scale rotary curved surface shell components, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, by integrating spinning and cutting functions on the same machine tool, the workpiece is clamped once between the positioning rod of the fixed seat and the top rod of the moving seat, and then driven to rotate by the drive motor. The robotic arm of the processing unit can drive the spinning wheel for plastic forming and drive the cutting tool for finishing in sequence. The single clamping and sequential processing mode ensures that all processed surfaces from the blank to the finished product are based on the same axis of rotation, fundamentally eliminating the reference conversion error caused by repeated clamping, and solving the problems of large cumulative error and difficulty in guaranteeing key geometric tolerances caused by traditional sequential processing. In particular, it meets the high coaxiality and high surface runout accuracy requirements of port flanges of large rotating shell components in aerospace and other fields.

[0016] 2. In this invention, an automatic waste treatment mechanism with cyclic linkage is designed and manufactured. By linking the moving rod and the moving seat, and by actuating the counting and triggering mechanism composed of ratchet, ratchet wheel and lever, the elastic potential energy stored in the first elastic telescopic rod is automatically released after a set number of processing cycles. This drives the L-shaped push plate to push the chips intercepted by the upper filter plate into the outer shell for compression. The chip cleaning is directly linked to the processing workload, without the need for an electrical control system or additional power and manual intervention. This achieves timed, adaptive cleaning and volume reduction of chips, solving the problems of chip accumulation and blockage and inconvenient cleaning in composite processing. It significantly improves the automation and continuous operation capabilities of the equipment and reduces the cost of solid waste treatment.

[0017] 3. In this invention, by constructing a highly efficient liquid-solid separation and liquid regeneration circulation system, the coolant carrying the cuttings undergoes primary solid-liquid separation through the upper filter plate. The liquid then flows through the sponge layer to adsorb fine impurities and finally enters the water tank through the lower filter plate, where it is pumped back to the nozzle for reuse. Simultaneously, during the same action cycle of the L-shaped pusher cleaning the cuttings, the sponge layer is lifted by a pull rope, and the L-shaped baffle seals the bottom of the upper filter plate, forcefully squeezing the sponge to expel the adsorbed dirty liquid, which then flows back to the water tank through the drain channel. This achieves in-situ regeneration of the sponge's adsorption function, solving the problem of rapid deterioration of the coolant due to impurity accumulation and bacterial growth caused by prolonged exposure to the sponge layer. This significantly extends the coolant's service life, reduces procurement and waste liquid treatment costs, and simultaneously ensures the cleanliness and process stability of the sprayed liquid.

[0018] 4. In this invention, the main machining motion (i.e., the reciprocating motion of the moving seat) is used as a single power source to drive the entire set of auxiliary actions from workpiece clamping, waste cleaning to coolant regeneration. This pure mechanical linkage scheme effectively solves the problems of system complexity, cumbersome control, and high cost caused by configuring an independent drive source for each auxiliary function. It realizes the completion of complex automated processes with a very simple mechanical structure, and improves the reliability, economy and integration of the entire device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge trough and water tank of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first elastic telescopic rod of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the material discharge trough of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped insert and the insertion hole of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upper filter plate and L-shaped partition of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet; 101. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Fixed base; 201. Positioning rod; 3. Moving base; 301. Drive motor; 302. Top rod; 4. Machining section; 401. Robotic arm; 402. Rotary disk; 4021. Spinning wheel; 4022. Cutter; 4023. Nozzle; 5. Material chute; 501. Upper filter plate; 6. First elastic telescopic rod; 601. L-shaped push plate; 6011. L-shaped insert rod; 602. Limiting hole; 603. Fixed plate; 7. Support plate; 701. First elastic element; 702. Limiting rod; 7 021. Load-bearing plate; 8. Support plate; 801. Rotating shaft; 802. Ratchet; 803. Positioning ratchet; 804. Moving rod; 8041. Pulley; 805. Pulleying tooth; 806. Pulley; 9. Housing; 901. Movable plate; 902. Insertion hole; 10. Water tank; 1001. Water pump; 1002. Water outlet pipe; 11. Lower filter plate; 111. Sponge layer; 112. Second elastic telescopic rod; 12. Pull rope; 13. L-shaped partition; 131. Spring; 14. Connecting plate; 141. Third elastic telescopic rod; 15. Drainage channel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a spinning device for a large rotary curved shell component, including a cabinet 1, and further including: a fixed base 2, a movable base 3, a processing section 4, and a material discharge chute 5; a positioning rod 201 is rotatably arranged on one side of the fixed base 2; the movable base 3 is slidably arranged on the cabinet 1, and the cabinet 1 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 101 for driving the movable base 3 to move, and a drive motor 301 is provided on the movable base 3. The output end of the drive motor 301 is connected to a top rod 302 that cooperates with the positioning rod 201 through a transmission structure. The transmission structure is existing technology, such as a coupling, a reducer, etc.; the processing section 4 is arranged on the top of the cabinet 1 for spinning and cutting the shell; the material discharge chute 5 is arranged inside the cabinet 1, and the material discharge chute 5 is positioned between the positioning rod 201 and the top rod 302; wherein, a waste material handling mechanism that cooperates with the material discharge chute 5 is arranged inside the cabinet 1. Furthermore, the processing unit 4 includes a robotic arm 401 fixed to the top of the cabinet 1, a rotating disk 402 driven by a motor and mounted at the end of the robotic arm 401, and a spinning wheel 4021, a cutter 4022, and a nozzle 4023 mounted on the rotating disk 402. The robotic arm 401 adopts a multi-joint heavy-duty rigid structure with reinforcing ribs and locking mechanisms at the joints. During spinning, the posture can be locked to avoid deformation under force, ensuring the spinning forming accuracy of large workpieces. The robotic arm can adopt a 6+1 degree of freedom design to accurately adapt to the full contour processing of variable diameter and irregular rotating curved surfaces, ensuring full coverage of spinning forming accuracy and cutting finishing. Specifically, the blank or semi-finished workpiece of the large rotary curved shell is placed on the positioning rod 201 of the fixed seat 2. The hydraulic cylinder 101 is activated, pushing the moving seat 3 towards the fixed seat 2 until the push rod 302 on the moving seat 3 presses against the other end of the workpiece, achieving reliable clamping of the workpiece. The drive motor 301 is activated, and the power is transmitted to the push rod 302 through the transmission structure, causing the workpiece to rotate at high speed around its axis. The positioning rod 201 rotates passively under the drive of the workpiece. The control unit 4 switches to the spinning mode, driving the spinning tool, such as the spinning wheel 4021, to approach and press against the surface of the rotating workpiece according to a preset trajectory under the drive of the robotic arm 401. By controlling the tool path and feed rate, the workpiece material undergoes plastic flow, gradually forming the target large rotary curved shell shape. A small amount of waste material generated during this process, such as oxide scale, falls into the lower blanking trough 5. After the spinning is completed, the spinning tool of the processing unit 4 retracts. The control machining unit 4 switches to cutting mode, moves the cutting tool, i.e., the cutter 4022, to the part of the workpiece that needs to be finished. While the workpiece is rotating, the control tool performs finishing operations such as turning and boring to achieve the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. During this process, the metal chips and the coolant used mix and fall into the blanking trough 5. After the machining is completed and the waste is disposed of, the drive motor 301 stops, the hydraulic cylinder 101 reverses, pulls the moving seat 3 backward, and separates the push rod 302 from the workpiece. The finished workpiece is removed from the positioning rod 201, the moving seat 3 resets, and it is ready for the next workpiece machining cycle. When certain conditions are met during machining, the waste disposal mechanism in the cabinet 1 is automatically activated. This mechanism processes the mixed waste accumulated in the blanking trough 5. Automated processing reduces the reliance on manual cleaning, supports longer continuous and automated operation of the equipment, and improves the intelligence level of the production line.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the waste treatment mechanism further includes a first elastic telescopic rod 6 disposed in the cabinet 1, an L-shaped push plate 601 disposed at the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod 6, a push-back assembly for compressing the first elastic telescopic rod 6, a limiting assembly for positioning the telescopic length of the first elastic telescopic rod 6, and a release assembly for releasing the first elastic telescopic rod 6; the upper filter plate 501 adopts a grid structure, and the grid bars are provided with cutting edges in the moving direction of the L-shaped push plate 6011. When the L-shaped push plate 6011 moves, it can cut long strip-shaped chips, avoid chip entanglement and jamming, and ensure smooth execution of the cleaning action; An upper filter plate 501 is fixedly installed inside the material discharge chute 5, and an L-shaped push plate 601 is slidably installed on the top of the upper filter plate 501. Furthermore, the limiting component includes a support plate 7 fixed inside the cabinet 1, a first elastic element 701 connected to the support plate 7, and a limiting rod 702 fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic element 701 away from the support plate 7. The fixed end and the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod 6 are provided with limiting holes 602 that cooperate with the limiting rod 702. The end of the limiting rod 702 is provided with a pressing slope. The first elastic element 701 can be an elastic telescopic rod. Furthermore, the release assembly includes a support plate 8 fixedly connected to the support plate 7, a ratchet 802 rotatably mounted on the support plate 8 via a rotating shaft 801, a positioning ratchet 803 mounted on the support plate 8 to limit the rotation of the ratchet 802, a moving rod 804 slidably connected inside the cabinet 1 and fixedly connected to the moving seat 3, and an actuating ratchet 805 mounted on the moving rod 804. Both the positioning ratchet 803 and the actuating ratchet 805 are equipped with torsion springs for resetting. Both the actuating ratchet 805 and the positioning ratchet 803 are made of wear-resistant alloy steel. Anti-skip limit blocks are set at the ratchet to avoid the problem of skipping teeth when the moving seat 3 moves rapidly, and to ensure the accuracy of counting and triggering timing. The release assembly also includes a lever 806 fixed on the rotating shaft 801 and a force-bearing plate 7021 fixed on the limiting rod 702 and moving against the lever 806. The push-back assembly includes a lever plate 8041 hinged to the moving rod 804 via a pin and a fixed plate 603 fixed to the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod 6. The lever plate 8041 and the fixed plate 603 move against each other. Furthermore, a housing 9 is provided at the end of the discharge chute 5 away from the L-shaped push plate 601. A movable plate 901 arranged parallel to the upper filter plate 501 is hinged to the bottom of the housing 9 near the discharge chute 5 via a pin. A torsion spring for driving the movable plate 901 to reset is provided on the pin. An insertion hole 902 is provided on the movable plate 901. An L-shaped insertion rod 6011 that cooperates with the insertion hole 902 is provided on the L-shaped push plate 601. The L-shaped insertion rod 6011 slides in the chute wall of the discharge chute 5. Specifically, the mixed waste generated during processing falls into the discharge trough 5, and the solid waste is intercepted and accumulated by the upper filter plate 501. During the processing cycle, each forward and backward movement of the moving seat 3 drives the moving rod 804 to reciprocate. When the moving rod 804 moves forward, the actuating ratchet 805 on it actuates the ratchet 802 by one tooth pitch, and the positioning ratchet 803 prevents it from rotating back. After multiple processing cycles, that is, when the waste accumulates to a certain extent, the ratchet 802 has accumulated a certain angle of rotation, driving the rotating shaft 801 and the lever 806 to rotate synchronously. When the lever 806 rotates to contact the force plate 7021 and continues to rotate, it will push the force plate 7021. This forces the limiting rod 702 to move outward against the elastic force of the first elastic element 701 until its end is completely disengaged from the limiting hole 602 of the first elastic telescopic rod 6. After disengaging from the limiting position, the first elastic telescopic rod 6, which is in a compressed state, releases its stored elastic energy, pushing the L-shaped push plate 601 to slide along the surface of the upper filter plate 501. During the sliding process, the L-shaped insert 6011 at the front end of the L-shaped push plate 601 first inserts into the insertion hole 902 of the movable plate 901, locking the movable plate 901 in a receiving state flush with the upper filter plate 501. Subsequently, the L-shaped push plate 601 pushes away all the waste debris accumulated on the upper filter plate 501. The material is pushed through the seam between the discharge chute 5 and the outer casing 9 and enters the interior of the outer casing 9. The loose waste is then compressed by the inner wall of the outer casing 9, achieving volume reduction storage. This reduces the accumulated volume of waste, extends the cleaning cycle of the waste storage bin, and improves the utilization rate of the internal space of the equipment. After the cleaning action is completed, the moving seat 3 moves in the reverse direction during the processing cycle, driving the moving rod 804 to retract. When the moving rod 804 retracts, its lever 8041 contacts the fixed plate 603 and pushes the fixed plate 603 and the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod 6 to move together, recompressing the first elastic telescopic rod 6. When compressed to the limit hole 602... During alignment, the limiting rod 702 automatically springs back under the action of its first elastic element 701, re-inserts into the limiting hole 602, and locks the first elastic telescopic rod 6 back into the compressed energy storage state. The L-shaped push plate 601 is pulled back to its initial position, preparing for the next cleaning. The L-shaped insert rod 6011 exits from the insert hole 902, and the movable plate 901 is no longer restricted. Under the pressure of the compressed waste, it automatically flips over, causing the compressed waste to fall into the waste storage area inside the cabinet 1. It should be noted that when the moving rod 804 retracts, the ratchet 805 will slide over the back of the ratchet 802 teeth and will not drive it. Using the main machining motion, namely the reciprocating movement of the moving seat 3, as the sole power source, the number of machining cycles is converted into a mechanical signal through a counting mechanism composed of a moving rod 804, a ratchet 805, and a ratchet 802. When the waste accumulates to a preset amount, cleaning is automatically triggered. The entire process does not require additional motor drive or manual intervention, automatically solving the filter plate clogging problem and ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the coolant filtration system and long-term unattended operation of the equipment.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the cabinet 1 is further provided with a water supply component at the bottom of the material drop trough 5 for providing water to the nozzle 4023. The water supply component includes a water tank 10 disposed between the inner wall of the cabinet 1 and the bottom of the material drop trough 5, a water pump 1001 disposed on the side of the water tank 10, and a water outlet pipe 1002 connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 1001. The end of the water outlet pipe 1002 away from the water pump 1001 is connected to the nozzle 4023. Furthermore, a lower filter plate 11 is slidably connected inside the material discharge chute 5. A sponge layer 111 is fixed on the upper side of the lower filter plate 11. A pull rope 12 is provided between the lower filter plate 11 and the L-shaped push plate 601. A second elastic telescopic rod 112 is provided between the lower filter plate 11 and the inner wall of the water tank 10. The pull rope 12 should be made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. The sponge layer 111 is made of high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant material, which is suitable for high-temperature workpiece processing scenarios. Furthermore, an L-shaped partition 13 is slidably connected to the lower side of the upper filter plate 501. The L-shaped partition 13 has a recessed hole that matches the filter hole of the upper filter plate 501. A spring 131 is provided between the L-shaped partition 13 and the outer wall of the material discharge chute 5. A connecting plate 14 is fixed on the L-shaped push plate 601. A third elastic telescopic rod 141 is provided on the connecting plate 14 that moves against the L-shaped partition 13. A discharge groove 15 is provided on the lower inner wall of the material discharge chute 5. Specifically, the coolant used in processing carries the chips into the feed chute 5. After most of the chips are intercepted by the upper filter plate 501, the liquid drips onto the sponge layer 111 below. The sponge layer 111 adsorbs fine impurities in the liquid, playing a role in buffering and fine filtration. Subsequently, the preliminarily purified liquid passes through the lower filter plate 11 and finally collects in the water tank 10 below for storage. When cutting is required, the water pump 1001 is started to pump the purified coolant stored in the water tank 10 to the nozzle 4023 through the outlet pipe 1002, spraying it onto the processing area, thereby realizing the recycling of the coolant; when L-shaped When the push plate 601 is triggered to clean up waste and slides forward, this single action synchronously triggers the dewatering process through mechanical linkage. The L-shaped push plate 601 pulls the lower filter plate 11 and its sponge layer 111 upward through the pull rope 12, compressing the second elastic telescopic rod 112. At the same time, the connecting plate 14 fixed on the L-shaped push plate 601 moves accordingly, and the end of the third elastic telescopic rod 141 on it abuts against the side of the L-shaped partition 13 and pushes it to slide. The L-shaped partition 13 moves against the tension of the spring 131, causing its concave holes to gradually misalign with the filter holes of the upper filter plate 501 until they are completely misaligned, thereby sealing the upper filter plate. All filter outlets at the bottom of filter plate 501; after the L-shaped baffle 13 is pushed to its limit and can no longer move, the third elastic telescopic rod 141 begins to be compressed. At the same time, the continuously pulled sponge layer 111 moves upward and finally comes into close contact with the lower surface of the closed L-shaped baffle 13 and is subjected to strong compression. The cooling liquid adsorbed in the sponge layer 111 is squeezed out. Since the bottom outlet of the upper filter plate 501 is now closed by the L-shaped baffle 13, the squeezed liquid cannot flow back upward and can only flow downward through the pores of the lower filter plate 11 into the water tank 10. The drain channel 15 provides additional drainage for the instantaneously generated large flow of liquid. The external rapid discharge channel prevents liquid from stagnating in a confined space. When the waste cleaning action is completed, the L-shaped push plate 601 retracts under the action of the reset mechanism, the pull rope 12 loosens, and the lower filter plate 11 and the sponge layer 111 descend and reset under the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 112. At the same time, the third elastic telescopic rod 141 disengages from the L-shaped partition 13, and the L-shaped partition 13 slides in the opposite direction under the pulling force of the spring 131, so that its concave hole is re-aligned with the filter hole of the upper filter plate 501, restoring the normal passage path of the liquid. The sponge layer 111 returns to a loose state and is ready for the next cycle of adsorption filtration.

[0026] In this device, the hydraulic cylinder 101, drive motor 301, bearings, springs, torsion springs, elastic telescopic rods, etc., all adopt industrial standard parts. Non-standard structural parts can be formed by conventional machining processes. The core force-bearing components (positioning rod 201, top rod 302, and moving seat 3) are all made of high-strength alloy steel to meet the processing requirements of large and heavy-duty workpieces.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a method of using the spinning device for the aforementioned large-scale rotary curved surface shell component, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the large rotary curved shell blank to be processed onto the positioning rod 201 of the fixed seat 2, start the hydraulic cylinder 101 to push the moving seat 3 closer to the fixed seat 2, so that the push rod 302 on the moving seat 3 presses against the other end of the workpiece, start the drive motor 301, and drive the push rod 302 and the positioning rod 201 to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate. S2: Control the movement of the robotic arm 401, adjust the position of the rotating disk 402 at its end, so that the spinning wheel 4021 contacts the surface of the rotating workpiece, the robotic arm 401 moves according to the preset trajectory, and the spinning wheel 4021 performs progressive spinning plastic forming on the workpiece until the target curved surface shape is obtained. S3: After spinning is completed, the robotic arm 401 drives the rotating disk 402 away from the workpiece. The motor on the rotating disk 402 drives it to rotate 180 degrees, so that the cutter 4022 is aligned with the workpiece to be processed. The robotic arm 401 moves again to control the cutter 4022 to perform turning and finishing on the rotating workpiece to correct the end size and improve the surface finish. At the same time, the nozzle 4023 sprays coolant to cool, lubricate and rinse the cutting area. S4: The metal chips generated during cutting mix with the used coolant and fall into the lower discharge chute 5. The chips are intercepted by the upper filter plate 501, while the coolant passes through the upper filter plate 501 and continues to flow downward. The coolant passing through the upper filter plate 501 is first absorbed, buffered and preliminarily filtered by the sponge layer 111. Then the clean liquid passes through the lower filter plate 11 and is collected in the water tank 10 for storage. The water pump 1001 pumps the coolant in the water tank 10 back to the nozzle 4023 through the water outlet pipe 1002 to achieve recycling. S5: Automatic cleaning and compression collection of chips: Counting and triggering: In each processing cycle, the moving seat 3 moves forward and backward once. The moving rod 804 linked with the moving seat 3 will drive the ratchet 805 to rotate the ratchet 802 by one tooth. After processing multiple workpieces, the ratchet 802 will rotate a certain angle in total, which will drive the lever 806 on the rotating shaft 801 to push the force plate 7021, so that the limiting rod 702 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic element 701 and is pulled out from the limiting hole 602 of the first elastic telescopic rod 6. Cleaning execution: After the limit is released, the first elastic telescopic rod 6, which has been pre-compressed and stored elastic energy, quickly returns to its original position and extends, pushing the L-shaped push plate 601 to slide rapidly along the surface of the upper filter plate 501. During the movement of the L-shaped push plate 601, the L-shaped insert rod 6011 on it first inserts into the insertion hole 902 of the movable plate 901 and locks it in a horizontal state. Then, the L-shaped push plate 601 pushes the chips accumulated on the upper filter plate 501 into the outer shell 9 in one go, and uses the side wall of the outer shell 9 to squeeze the loose chips, reducing their subsequent storage volume. Synchronous dehydration: While the L-shaped push plate 601 moves to clean up the chips, the lower filter plate 11 and the sponge layer 111 are lifted upward by the pull rope 12. At the same time, the L-shaped push plate 601 pushes the L-shaped partition 13 to slide through the connecting plate 14 and the third elastic telescopic rod 141, so that the concave hole on it is misaligned with the filter hole of the upper filter plate 501, thereby sealing the bottom of the upper filter plate 501. As the L-shaped push plate 601 continues to move, during the period when the third elastic telescopic rod 141 is compressed, the continuously moving sponge layer 111 contacts the lower surface of the sealed L-shaped partition 13 and is strongly squeezed. The coolant adsorbed inside the sponge layer 111 is squeezed out, flows back to the water tank 10 through the lower filter plate 11, and the drain channel 15 can guide the instantaneous large flow of liquid and prevent blockage. Mechanism reset: After the cleaning action is completed, the movable seat 3 retracts. During the retraction process, the lever 8041 on the movable rod 804 pushes the fixed plate 603 to compress the first elastic telescopic rod 6 back to the initial position. At the same time, under the action of the first elastic element 701, the limiting rod 702 re-inserts into the limiting hole 602 to lock the first elastic telescopic rod 6, preparing for the next cleaning.

[0028] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component, comprising a cabinet (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A fixed base (2) is provided with a positioning rod (201) rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed base (2). The movable seat (3) is slidably mounted on the cabinet (1), and the cabinet (1) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (101) for driving the displacement of the movable seat (3). The movable seat (3) is provided with a drive motor (301), and the output end of the drive motor (301) is connected to a top rod (302) that cooperates with the positioning rod (201) through a transmission structure. The processing unit (4) is located on the top of the cabinet (1) and is used for spinning and cutting the shell. The processing unit (4) includes a mechanical arm (401) fixed on the top of the cabinet (1), a rotating disk (402) driven by a motor and located at the end of the mechanical arm (401), and a spinning wheel (4021), a cutter (4022) and a nozzle (4023) located on the rotating disk (402). The material discharge chute (5) is located inside the cabinet (1) and is positioned between the positioning rod (201) and the top rod (302). The cabinet (1) is equipped with a waste disposal mechanism that cooperates with the material drop chute (5); The waste treatment mechanism includes a first elastic telescopic rod (6) installed in the cabinet (1), an L-shaped push plate (601) installed at the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod (6), a push-back assembly for compressing the first elastic telescopic rod (6), a limiting assembly for positioning the telescopic length of the first elastic telescopic rod (6), and a release assembly for releasing the first elastic telescopic rod (6). The upper filter plate (501) is fixedly installed in the material discharge chute (5), and the L-shaped push plate (601) is slidably installed on the top of the upper filter plate (501); The limiting component includes a support plate (7) fixed in the cabinet (1), a first elastic element (701) connected to the support plate (7), and a limiting rod (702) fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic element (701) away from the support plate (7). The fixed end and the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod (6) are provided with limiting holes (602) that cooperate with the limiting rod (702). The end of the limiting rod (702) is provided with a pressing slope. The release assembly includes a support plate (8) fixedly connected to the support plate (7), a ratchet (802) rotatably mounted on the support plate (8) via a rotating shaft (801), a positioning ratchet (803) mounted on the support plate (8) and used to limit the rotation of the ratchet (802), a moving rod (804) slidably connected inside the cabinet (1) and fixedly connected to the moving seat (3), and a pawing ratchet (805) mounted on the moving rod (804). Both the positioning ratchet (803) and the pawing ratchet (805) are provided with torsion springs for resetting. The release assembly also includes a lever (806) fixed on the rotating shaft (801) and a force plate (7021) fixed on the limiting rod (702) and moving against the lever (806). The push-back assembly includes a lever plate (8041) hinged to the moving rod (804) by a pin and a fixed plate (603) fixed to the telescopic end of the first elastic telescopic rod (6), wherein the lever plate (8041) and the fixed plate (603) move against each other.

2. The spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material discharge trough (5) is provided with a housing (9) at the end away from the L-shaped push plate (601). The bottom of the housing (9) is hinged to a movable plate (901) arranged parallel to the upper filter plate (501) by a pin shaft. A torsion spring for driving the movable plate (901) to reset is provided on the pin shaft. An insertion hole (902) is provided on the movable plate (901). An L-shaped insertion rod (6011) that cooperates with the insertion hole (902) is provided on the L-shaped push plate (601). The L-shaped insertion rod (6011) slides in the groove wall of the material discharge trough (5).

3. The spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cabinet (1) is also provided with a water supply component at the bottom of the material drop trough (5) for providing water to the nozzle (4023). The water supply component includes a water tank (10) between the inner wall of the cabinet (1) and the bottom of the material drop trough (5), a water pump (1001) on the side of the water tank (10), and a water outlet pipe (1002) connected to the water outlet end of the water pump (1001). The end of the water outlet pipe (1002) away from the water pump (1001) is connected to the nozzle (4023).

4. The spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material chute (5) is slidably connected to a lower filter plate (11). A sponge layer (111) is fixed on the upper side of the lower filter plate (11). A pull rope (12) is provided between the lower filter plate (11) and the L-shaped push plate (601). A second elastic telescopic rod (112) is provided between the lower filter plate (11) and the inner wall of the water tank (10).

5. The spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component according to claim 4, characterized in that, An L-shaped partition (13) is slidably connected to the lower side of the upper filter plate (501). The L-shaped partition (13) has a recessed hole that matches the filter hole of the upper filter plate (501). A spring (131) is provided between the L-shaped partition (13) and the outer wall of the discharge chute (5). A connecting plate (14) is fixed on the L-shaped push plate (601). A third elastic telescopic rod (141) is provided on the connecting plate (14) that moves against the L-shaped partition (13). A discharge groove (15) is provided on the lower inner wall of the discharge chute (5) of the L-shaped partition (13).

6. A method of using a spinning device for a large rotary curved surface shell component as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the large rotary curved shell blank to be processed onto the positioning rod (201) of the fixed seat (2), start the hydraulic cylinder (101) to push the moving seat (3) closer to the fixed seat (2), so that the push rod (302) on the moving seat (3) presses against the other end of the workpiece, start the drive motor (301), and drive the push rod (302) and the positioning rod (201) to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate; S2: Control the movement of the robotic arm (401), adjust the position of the rotating disk (402) at its end, so that the spinning wheel (4021) contacts the surface of the rotating workpiece, the robotic arm (401) moves according to the preset trajectory, and the spinning wheel (4021) performs progressive spinning plastic forming on the workpiece until the target curved surface shape is obtained. S3: After spinning is completed, the robotic arm (401) drives the rotating disk (402) away from the workpiece. The motor on the rotating disk (402) drives it to rotate 180 degrees, so that the cutter (4022) is aligned with the workpiece to be processed. The robotic arm (401) moves again to control the cutter (4022) to perform turning and finishing on the rotating workpiece to correct the port size and improve the surface finish. At the same time, the nozzle (4023) sprays coolant to cool, lubricate and rinse the cutting area. S4: The metal chips generated during cutting mix with the used coolant and fall into the lower feed chute (5). The chips are intercepted by the upper filter plate (501), while the coolant passes through the upper filter plate (501) and continues to flow downward. The coolant passing through the upper filter plate (501) is first adsorbed, buffered and pre-filtered by the sponge layer (111), and then the clean liquid passes through the lower filter plate (11) and is collected in the water tank (10) for storage. The water pump (1001) pumps the coolant in the water tank (10) back to the nozzle (4023) through the water outlet pipe (1002) to achieve recycling. S5: Automatic cleaning and compression collection of chips: Counting and triggering: In each processing cycle, the moving seat (3) moves forward and backward once. The moving rod (804) linked with the moving seat (3) will drive the ratchet (805) to rotate the ratchet (802) by one tooth. After processing multiple workpieces, the ratchet (802) rotates a certain angle in total, which drives the lever (806) on the rotating shaft (801) to push the force plate (7021), so that the limiting rod (702) overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic element (701) and is pulled out from the limiting hole (602) of the first elastic telescopic rod (6). Cleaning execution: After the limit is released, the first elastic telescopic rod (6) which has been pre-compressed and stored elastic energy quickly returns to its original position and extends, pushing the L-shaped push plate (601) to slide along the surface of the upper filter plate (501). During the movement of the L-shaped push plate (601), the L-shaped insert (6011) on it first inserts into the insertion hole (902) of the movable plate (901) and locks it in a horizontal state. Then, the L-shaped push plate (601) pushes the chips accumulated on the upper filter plate (501) into the outer shell (9) in one go, and uses the side wall of the outer shell (9) to squeeze the loose chips and reduce their subsequent storage volume. Synchronous dehydration: While the L-shaped push plate (601) moves to clean the chips, the lower filter plate (11) and the sponge layer (111) are lifted upward by the pull rope (12). At the same time, the L-shaped push plate (601) pushes the L-shaped partition (13) to slide through the connecting plate (14) and the third elastic telescopic rod (141), so that the concave hole on it is misaligned with the filter hole of the upper filter plate (501), thereby sealing the bottom of the upper filter plate (501). As the L-shaped push plate (601) continues to move, during the period when the third elastic telescopic rod (141) is compressed, the continuously moving sponge layer (111) contacts the lower surface of the sealed L-shaped partition (13) and is squeezed strongly. The coolant adsorbed inside the sponge layer (111) is squeezed out and flows back to the water tank (10) through the lower filter plate (11). The drain channel (15) can guide the instantaneous large flow of liquid and prevent blockage. Mechanism reset: After the cleaning action is completed, the moving seat (3) retracts. During the retraction process, the lever (8041) on the moving rod (804) pushes the fixed plate (603) to compress the first elastic telescopic rod (6) back to the initial position. At the same time, the limiting rod (702) is reinserted into the limiting hole (602) under the action of the first elastic element (701) to lock the first elastic telescopic rod (6) in preparation for the next cleaning.

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