A metal pipe drilling device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of metal pipe drilling, and relates to a metal pipe drilling device, which comprises a base, symmetrical electric sliding rails arranged on the base, a motor fixedly connected to the sidewall of the base, a dovetail groove arranged on the base, and a bidirectional screw rod rotationally connected to the dovetail groove of the base. The inner walls of a dust collecting cover are provided with multistage nested sealing plate assemblies. A radial inward pushing force is continuously provided by compression springs, so that a sealing sleeve on the inner arc surface of the sealing plate is automatically tightly held against the outer wall of a metal pipe. When the diameter of the metal pipe changes, the distance by which the sealing plate is pushed outward changes, the compression amount of the spring is adaptively adjusted, and the holding force increases with the increase of the pipe diameter, so that passive adaptive sealing of metal pipes with three sizes of minimum pipe diameter, medium pipe diameter and maximum pipe diameter is realized. Any part does not need to be replaced during shutdown, different diameter metal pipes can be quickly adapted, and the universality and production efficiency of the equipment are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal tube drilling technology, and specifically relates to a metal tube drilling device. Background Technology

[0002] Metal pipes are widely used in machinery manufacturing, construction, petrochemical and other fields. Drilling is an important process before metal pipes are used. During the drilling process, a large amount of metal chips and dust are generated, which not only pollutes the workshop environment and affects the health of operators, but may also lead to increased wear of drill bits and reduced processing accuracy.

[0003] In existing technologies, a dust hood or dust inlet is usually installed near the drill bit, and an industrial vacuum cleaner is connected to it via a hose. The vacuum cleaner's negative pressure is used to suck up the chips. However, different models of metal tubes have different diameters, and the opening size of existing dust hoods is usually fixed or passively sealed only by simple elastic elements (such as rubber rings). When the diameter of the metal tube does not match the opening of the dust hood, a large gap will be generated between the two, causing a large amount of external air to be sucked in through the gap. The negative pressure inside the dust hood drops significantly, and the chips cannot be effectively sucked in, or may even escape from the gap. To adapt to metal tubes of different diameters, it is often necessary to manually replace the sealing elements or dust hoods of different sizes, which is cumbersome and seriously affects the drilling efficiency of metal tubes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal tube drilling device with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A metal pipe drilling device includes a base, on which electric slide rails are symmetrically arranged. An electric motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base. A dovetail groove is formed on the base, and a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected to the dovetail groove. Two slides are symmetrically slidably connected to the dovetail groove. A clamping mechanism is provided on the slides. The slides are threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw. A gantry frame is provided on the electric slide rails. A filter device and a dust collection device are provided on the gantry frame. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the gantry frame. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates the surface of the gantry frame. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. A drilling assembly is detachably mounted on the mounting plate. The gantry is equipped with a dust collection device, which includes a mounting frame that can be detachably installed on the lower surface of the gantry. The mounting frame is adapted to the size of the mounting plate. A dust collection hood is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The dust collection hood is cylindrical and has a central through hole that runs through the axis. Both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood are provided with multi-level nested sealing plate assemblies. Two sets of drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the dust collection hood. The multi-level nested sealing plate assembly includes multiple first and second sealing plates evenly distributed circumferentially. The multiple first and second sealing plates can move radially to adjust the diameter of the enclosed through hole.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the multi-level nested sealing plate assembly further includes eight first sliding grooves formed on one side of the inner wall of the dust collection hood. The eight first sliding grooves are grouped in pairs. There are four first sealing plates and four second sealing plates. Each first sealing plate corresponds one-to-one with a group of first sliding grooves. Two first sliders are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the first sealing plate near the inner wall of the dust collection hood. The two first sliders are slidably connected to two first sliding grooves in the group. Two symmetrically arranged second sliding grooves are formed on the side of the first sealing plate away from the dust collection hood. Two second sliders are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the second sealing plate near the first sealing plate. The two second sliders are slidably connected to the two second sliding grooves. A reset component is provided on both the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, the inner arc surface, outer arc surface and two side planes of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate are all wrapped with sealing sleeves, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the central through hole of the dust collection hood.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, one set of the reset components is disposed between the first sealing plate and the dust collection hood, and another set of the reset components is disposed between the second sealing plate and the dust collection hood. Both sets of the reset components include four sets of springs. One set of the springs consists of two springs. In one set of the reset components, one end of the two springs is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood. In the other set of the reset components, one end of the two springs is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the springs are all covered with protective sleeves, and the protective sleeves are telescopic bellows structures; The protective sleeves located at both ends between the first sealing plate and the dust collection hood are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the first sealing plate and the dust collection hood. The protective sleeve is located at both ends between the second sealing plate and the dust collection hood, and is sealed and fixedly connected to the second sealing plate and the dust collection hood respectively.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a traction rope fixedly connected to two adjacent second sealing plates. The two ends of the traction rope slide through the dust collection hood in a sealed manner. The middle part of the traction rope is located outside the dust collection hood. Two electric telescopic rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the dust collection hood. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod. Two linkage ropes are fixedly connected to the connecting block. The two linkage ropes are respectively fixedly connected to the middle part of the adjacent traction rope.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the filtration device includes a filter box fixedly connected to a gantry frame via a square plate. A suction pipe is sealed and fixedly connected between the filter box and the dust collection hood. A box cover is detachably installed on the filter box. Two rotating rods are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box. Rotating rollers are symmetrically fixedly connected to each of the two rotating rods. A filter screen is sleeved between the rotating rollers of the two rotating rods. A motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter box. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods. A water trough is opened on the inner wall of the filter box.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, two symmetrically arranged support frames are rotatably connected between the two rotating rods. A plurality of evenly distributed step blocks I are fixedly connected to the side of the support frame near the water tank. A plurality of evenly distributed ball bearings are rolled on the step blocks I. A plurality of evenly distributed step blocks II are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter screen. The step blocks I and step blocks II are used in conjunction.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the dust collection device includes a support plate that can be detachably installed on the gantry frame. Each of the four corners of the support plate is fixedly connected with a walking wheel. A dust collection component is detachably installed on the support plate. The dust collection component and the filter box are sealed and fixedly connected by a second dust collection pipe. The second dust collection pipe is connected through the gantry frame.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the dust collection hood is provided with an air inlet, and a filter screen is detachably installed on the air inlet.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting up multi-level nested sealing plate assemblies on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood, and continuously providing radial inward thrust through compression springs, the sealing sleeve on the inner arc surface of the sealing plate automatically grips the outer wall of the metal pipe. When the diameter of the metal pipe changes, the distance the sealing plate is pushed outward changes accordingly, and the compression of the spring is adaptively adjusted. The gripping force increases with the increase of the pipe diameter, thereby achieving passive adaptive sealing for metal pipes of the minimum, medium and maximum diameters. No machine downtime or replacement of any parts is required, and it can quickly adapt to metal pipes of different diameters, greatly improving the versatility and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0016] 2. The compression spring in the reset assembly continuously pushes the sealing plate towards the metal pipe, achieving automatic clamping. The drive assembly uses a transmission chain of an electric telescopic rod, a linkage rope, and a traction rope. The output end of the electric telescopic rod drives the connecting block to extend outward, which in turn drives the sealing plate to overcome the elastic force of the spring, causing the sealing plate to open outward, facilitating the loading and unloading of the metal pipe. This design has the following advantages: First, the clamping force provided by the spring does not require external power. Even if the drive assembly fails or is powered off, the sealing plate can still maintain a clamping state on the metal pipe, providing power failure protection. Second, the output end of the electric telescopic rod can be stably maintained at any position without continuous application of operating force. In addition, the multi-level nested structure allows a single drive assembly to control the movement of the second and first sealing plates sequentially through a graded drive method, achieving adaptation to three pipe diameters. The structure is compact, and the control logic is clear.

[0017] 3. By setting a filter device as the primary filtration unit in the suction path of the suction pipe, and setting a suction component at its rear end as the secondary filtration unit, a graded filtration system of "coarse filtration + fine filtration" is formed. The filter device uses a ring filter screen driven by a rotating roller. The filter screen is driven by a motor to circulate, so that the filtration area is constantly renewed, which solves the problem of local clogging of fixed filter screens. At the same time, the second step block on the inner wall of the filter screen cooperates with the first step block on the support frame to generate periodic vibration when the filter screen moves. Combined with the effect of gravity, the chips attached to the surface of the filter screen fall into the water tank, realizing the self-cleaning of the filter screen. There is no need for frequent manual shutdown for cleaning. The graded filtration design ensures that large chip particles are intercepted at the filter device, and only air carrying fine dust enters the suction component, reducing the filtration load of the suction component and solving the problem of large chip particles clogging the vacuum cleaner filter screen and damaging the fan impeller. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gantry frame in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the dust collection hood in this invention; Figure 5 In this invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the electric telescopic rod in this invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate in this invention; Figure 8This is a three-dimensional diagram showing the disassembled first sealing plate and the second sealing plate in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the filter box in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the filter screen in this invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional diagram showing the disassembled filter device in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Electric slide rail; 12. Bidirectional screw; 13. Motor; 2. Slide table; 21. Clamping mechanism; 3. Gantry frame; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Mounting plate; 33. Drilling assembly; 4. Dust collection device; 401. Mounting frame; 402. Dust collection hood; 403. Sealing ring; 404. First slide groove; 405. First sealing plate; 406. Second slide groove; 407. Second sealing plate; 408. Sealing sleeve; 409. First slider; 410. Second slider; 411. Spring; 412. Anti- 413. Protective sleeve; 414. Electric telescopic rod; 415. Connecting block; 416. Traction rope; 417. Linkage rope; 418. Air inlet; 5. Filter device; 501. Suction pipe one; 502. Filter box; 503. Box cover; 504. Water tank; 505. Motor; 506. Rotating rod; 507. Rotating roller; 508. Filter screen; 509. Support frame; 510. Ladder block one; 511. Ball bearing; 512. Ladder block two; 6. Suction device; 61. Support plate; 62. Walking wheel; 63. Suction component; 64. Suction pipe two. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0021] For examples, please refer to Figures 1-11A metal pipe drilling device includes a base 1, on which electric slide rails 11 are symmetrically arranged. A motor 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 1. A dovetail groove is formed on the base 1, and a bidirectional screw 12 is rotatably connected to the dovetail groove. Two slides 2 are symmetrically slidably connected to the dovetail groove of the base 1. A clamping mechanism 21 is provided on the slides 2. The slides 2 are threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw 12. A gantry frame 3 is provided on the electric slide rails 11. A filter device 5 and a dust collection device 6 are provided on the gantry frame 3. A hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the gantry frame 3. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 passes through the gantry frame 3. A mounting plate 32 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31. A drilling assembly 33 is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 32. A dust collection device 4 is provided on the gantry frame 3. The dust collection device 4 includes a mounting frame 401 that is detachably installed on the lower surface of the gantry frame 3. The mounting frame 401 is adapted to the size of the mounting plate 32. A dust collection hood 402 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 401. The dust collection hood 402 is cylindrical and has a central through hole that runs through the axis. Both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402 are provided with multi-level nested sealing plate assemblies. Two sets of drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the dust collection hood 402. The multi-level nested sealing plate assembly includes multiple first sealing plates 405 and second sealing plates 407 that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The multiple first sealing plates 405 and second sealing plates 407 can move in the radial direction to adjust the diameter of the through hole they form.

[0022] In this embodiment, the motor 13 is started, which drives the bidirectional screw 12 to rotate. Using the two opposite threads on the screw, the two slides 2 are driven to move synchronously towards or away from each other in the dovetail groove, so that the distance between the two slides 2 is adapted to the length of the metal tube. Then, the metal tube is clamped by the clamping mechanism 21. The electric slide rail 11 is used to drive the gantry 3 to move along the length direction of the base 1 to accurately position the drill bit to the preset drilling point. The hydraulic cylinder 31 provides feed power for drilling, driving the mounting plate 32 and the drilling assembly 33 to rise and fall smoothly in the vertical direction to complete the drilling and retraction actions. When the metal tube is being drilled, the drilling area is sealed by the dust collection device 4, and the chips generated during drilling are blocked by the dust collection hood 402. Then, the dust collection device 6 sucks the chips in the dust collection hood 402 into the filter device 5, and the chips are filtered by the filter device 5.

[0023] It should be noted that the electric slide rail 11, clamping mechanism 21 and drilling assembly 33 are all existing technologies, and will not be described in detail in this article.

[0024] Please see Figures 2-8The multi-level nested sealing plate assembly also includes eight first grooves 404 formed on one side of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. The eight first grooves 404 are arranged in pairs. There are four first sealing plates 405 and four second sealing plates 407. Each first sealing plate 405 corresponds one-to-one with a set of first grooves 404. Two first sliders 409 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the first sealing plate 405 near the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. The two first sliders 409 are slidably connected to two first grooves 404 in the set. The first sealing plate 405 is away from the dust collection hood. Two symmetrically arranged second sliding grooves 406 are opened on one side of the cover 402. Two second sliders 410 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the second sealing plate 407 near the first sealing plate 405. The two second sliders 410 are slidably connected to the two second sliding grooves 406. Both the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407 are provided with reset components. The inner arc surface, outer arc surface and two side planes of the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407 are all covered with sealing sleeves 408. A sealing ring 403 is fixedly connected to the central through hole of the dust collection cover 402.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first sealing plate 405 slides within the first groove 404 via the first slider 409, achieving radial movement on the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. Similarly, the second sealing plate 407 slides within the second groove 406 formed on the first sealing plate 405 via the second slider 410, achieving radial movement on the first sealing plate 405. The first sealing plate 405 slides within the first groove 404 formed on the dust collection hood 402 via the first slider 409. This nested structure allows the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407 to extend or retract in layers, cooperating with the central through hole on the dust collection hood 402 to form a complete structure. Three different sealing diameters (maximum / medium / minimum) are combined; the sealing sleeve 408 covers all exposed surfaces of the sealing plate. When the sealing plate moves inward and hugs the metal tube: the inner arc surface of the sealing sleeve 408 is directly pressed against the outer wall of the metal tube to form the main seal; the side plane sealing sleeve 408 is compressed between two adjacent sealing plates to form an inter-plate seal to prevent gas from leaking from the gap; the outer arc surface of the sealing sleeve 408 is pressed against the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402 (for the first sealing plate 405) or the inner wall of the first sealing plate 405 (for the second sealing plate 407) to prevent gas from leaking from the back. These three work together to form a dust collection chamber.

[0026] Please see Figures 2-8One set of reset components is disposed between the first sealing plate 405 and the dust collection hood 402, and another set of reset components is disposed between the second sealing plate 407 and the dust collection hood 402. Both sets of reset components include four sets of springs 411. Each set of springs 411 consists of two springs. One end of the two springs 411 in the first set of reset components is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate 405, and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood 402. One end of the two springs 411 in the other set of reset components is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate 407, and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood 402. Each spring 411 is covered with a protective sleeve 412, which is a telescopic corrugated tube structure. The two ends of the protective sleeve 412 disposed between the first sealing plate 405 and the dust collection hood 402 are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the first sealing plate 405 and the dust collection hood 402. The two ends of the protective sleeve 412 disposed between the second sealing plate 407 and the dust collection hood 402 are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the second sealing plate 407 and the dust collection hood 402.

[0027] In this embodiment, spring 411 is a compression spring. In the initial state (i.e., without external driving intervention), spring 411 is in a compressed state. The compressed spring 411 generates an outward elastic restoring force. However, since one end is fixed to the side wall of dust collection cover 402 and the other end is fixed to the sealing plate, the elastic restoring force of spring 411 is converted into a thrust on the sealing plate, continuously pushing the sealing plate to move inward in the radial direction (i.e., towards the axis of the central through hole of dust collection cover 402), so that the sealing plate forms a circular plate with a central through hole. When the metal tube passes through the central through hole of dust collection cover 402, the spring... The elastic force of spring 411 will automatically push the sealing plate against the outer wall of the metal tube, so that the sealing sleeve 408 on the inner arc surface of the sealing plate is in close contact with the outer wall of the metal tube, realizing passive adaptive clamping for metal tubes of different diameters. The high temperature and sharp metal chips generated by drilling can easily damage the exposed spring 411. The protective sleeve 412, as a telescopic bellows, has its two ends sealed and fixedly connected to the walls of the sealing plate and the dust collection cover 402, respectively, forming a closed space that completely encloses the spring 411. When the sealing plate moves radially, the bellows expands and contracts accordingly, always protecting the spring 411 from external chips, dust and high temperature.

[0028] Please see Figures 3-6 The drive assembly includes a traction rope 415 fixedly connected to two adjacent second sealing plates 407. The two ends of the traction rope 415 are slidably passed through the dust collection hood 402. The middle part of the traction rope 415 is located on the outside of the dust collection hood 402. Two electric telescopic rods 413 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the dust collection hood 402. A connecting block 414 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413. Two linkage ropes 416 are fixedly connected to the connecting block 414. The two linkage ropes 416 are respectively fixedly connected to the middle part of the adjacent traction rope 415.

[0029] In this embodiment, initially, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 is in a retracted state. At this time, the traction rope 415 and the linkage rope 416 are in a slack state, and no tension is generated on the sealing plate. The sealing plate is only kept in a state of approaching the center under the pushing force of the spring 411. When it is necessary to load or unload the metal pipe, the operator manipulates the electric telescopic rod 413 to gradually extend the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 outward. When the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 drives the connecting block 414 to move outward, it drives the fixed block 414 to move outward. The linkage rope 416 moves outward, pulling the middle of the traction rope 415 outward. The tension generated at both ends (i.e., pulling the second sealing plate 407 away from the axis of the dust collection hood 402) overcomes the elastic force of the spring 411, causing the two second sealing plates 407 to move radially outward along the second slide groove 406. Since a connecting block 414 connects two traction ropes 415 simultaneously through the linkage rope 416, and each traction rope 415 simultaneously connects two adjacent second sealing plates 407 on one side of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. The sealing plate 407, therefore, when the output end of one electric telescopic rod 413 drives the connecting block 414 to extend, the connecting block 414 simultaneously drives the two traction ropes 415 connected to it through the linkage rope 416, thereby simultaneously driving the four second sealing plates 407 on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402 to move outward synchronously. When the other electric telescopic rod 413 is activated, the other connecting block 414 causes the other four second sealing plates 407 on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402 to separate from each other. When the output ends of both electric telescopic rods 413 are... When extended outward, the two connecting blocks 414 cause the eight second sealing plates 407 on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402 to separate from each other, expanding the diameter of the enclosed through hole, which facilitates the insertion or removal of the metal tube. When the metal tube is inserted into place, the electric telescopic rod 413 causes the connecting blocks 414 to retract inward. At this time, the tension of the traction rope 415 and the linkage rope 416 on the sealing plate gradually decreases. Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the spring 411, the second sealing plate 407 automatically moves inward, re-clamping the outer wall of the metal tube to form a seal.

[0030] It should be noted that for the multi-level nested structure formed by the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407, the driving logic is as follows: When it is necessary to load or unload a metal tube with a smaller diameter (the outer diameter of the metal tube is equal to the diameter of the through hole enclosed by the second sealing plate 407), simply pass the metal tube through or remove it from the through hole enclosed by the second sealing plate 407. After the smallest diameter metal tube passes through the through hole enclosed by the second sealing plate 407, the thrust of the spring 411 automatically drives the second sealing plate 407 to press against the outer wall of the smallest diameter metal tube, forming a sealed dust collection chamber. At this time, the first sealing plate 405 is in motion... Under the thrust of spring 411, it remains in its initial position and unaffected, and the diameter of the through hole it encloses remains unchanged. When it is necessary to load or unload a medium-diameter metal pipe (the outer diameter of the metal pipe is equal to the diameter of the through hole enclosed by the first sealing plate 405), the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 is activated to extend outward, driving the second sealing plate 407 to move through the connecting block 414, the linkage rope 416, and the traction rope 415. When the second sealing plate 407 moves outward to the limit position of the second slide groove 406 (i.e., the second slider 410 touches the outer end of the second slide groove 406), the second sealing plate 407 retracts. Hidden outside the through hole enclosed by the first sealing plate 405 (the inner arc surface of the second sealing plate 407 does not exceed the inner arc surface of the first sealing plate 405), the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 stops extending. At this time, the diameter of the through hole enclosed by the first sealing plate 405 is suitable for the insertion or removal of medium-diameter metal pipes. When it is necessary to load or unload the largest diameter metal pipe (the outer diameter of the metal pipe is equal to the diameter of the central through hole of the dust collection hood 402), the electric telescopic rod 413 is activated. Its output end drives the connecting block 414 to continue moving outward, and the driving force is transmitted through the second sealing plate 407 and the second slider 410. The first sealing plate 405 is given force to overcome the elastic force of the spring 411 at the first sealing plate 405, and the first sealing plate 405 is pulled radially outward along the first sliding groove 404, so that the four first sealing plates 405 are separated from each other and hidden outside the central through hole of the dust collection cover 402 (the inner arc surface of the first sealing plate 405 does not exceed the inner arc surface of the central through hole of the dust collection cover 402). At this time, the metal tube with the largest diameter can be inserted or removed from the central through hole of the dust collection cover 402. This graded driving method allows one driving component to complete the adjustment of three diameters, which is compact and easy to operate.

[0031] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 9-11The filtration device 5 includes a filter box 502 fixedly connected to the gantry frame 3 via a square plate. A suction pipe 501 is sealed and fixedly connected between the filter box 502 and the dust collection hood 402. A cover 503 is detachably installed on the filter box 502. Two rotating rods 506 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box 502. Rotating rollers 507 are symmetrically fixedly connected to each of the two rotating rods 506. A filter screen 508 is sleeved between the rotating rollers 507 of the two rotating rods 506. A motor 505 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter box 502. The output end of 505 is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating rod 506. A water tank 504 is provided on the inner wall of the filter box 502. Two symmetrically arranged support frames 509 are rotatably connected between the two rotating rods 506. Multiple evenly distributed step blocks 510 are fixedly connected to the side of the support frame 509 near the water tank 504. Multiple evenly distributed ball bearings 511 are rolled on the step blocks 510. Multiple evenly distributed step blocks 512 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter screen 508. Step blocks 510 and step blocks 512 are used together.

[0032] In this embodiment, after the vacuuming device 6 is started, a negative pressure is formed in the system. The airflow containing metal shavings enters the filter box 502 through the suction pipe 501. Large particles of shavings in the airflow are intercepted by the filter screen 508. The motor 505 is started, which drives the rotating rod 506 to rotate. Through the rotating roller 507, the annular filter screen 508 makes a continuous cyclical motion between the two rotating rods 506. At this time, the area on the filter screen 508 used to intercept shavings is constantly renewed, which fundamentally solves the problem of local rapid clogging of the fixed filter screen. When the filter screen 508 moves to the lower area, the shavings attached to its surface begin to peel off under the action of gravity. At the same time, the filter screen 508... The second step block 512 on the inner wall of the filter box 502 will periodically interfere with and slide against the first step block 510 fixed on the support frame 509, forcing the filter screen 508 to generate high-frequency micro-vibration, shaking off the stubbornly adhered chips. The ball bearing 511 is set between the first step block 510 and the second step block 512, which transforms sliding friction into rolling friction, ensuring the smooth movement of the filter screen 508 and reducing wear. The detached chips eventually fall into the water tank 504 containing liquid, are soaked and collected, and prevent secondary dust. The cover 503 can be disassembled and assembled by bolts, which facilitates the regular maintenance of the filter screen 508 inside the filter box 502 and the replacement of the liquid in the water tank 504.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-3The dust collection device 6 includes a support plate 61 that can be detachably installed on the gantry frame 3. Each of the four corners of the support plate 61 is fixedly connected with a traveling wheel 62. A dust collection component 63 is detachably installed on the support plate 61. The dust collection component 63 and the filter box 502 are sealed and fixedly connected by a second dust collection pipe 64. The second dust collection pipe 64 is connected through the gantry frame 3. The dust collection component 63 is an industrial vacuum cleaner. An air inlet 417 is opened on the dust collection hood 402. A filter screen is detachably installed on the air inlet 417.

[0034] In this embodiment, after the vacuum cleaner 63 (industrial vacuum cleaner) is started, its internal fan rotates at high speed, continuously drawing air out of the dust collection hood 402 cavity through the second suction pipe 64, filter box 502, and first suction pipe 501, creating a significant negative pressure state inside the dust collection hood 402. At this time, outside air continuously enters the dust collection hood 402 through the air inlet 417. Under the suction of the vacuum cleaner 63, the outside air carries metal chips generated by drilling inside the dust collection hood 402 into the first suction pipe 501. The vacuum cleaner 63 itself has a high-precision filtration system, which, together with the pre-filter... The filter device 5 forms a graded filtration system of "coarse filtration + fine filtration". Large particles of chips are intercepted at the filter device 5. Only the air carrying fine dust enters the suction component 63 through the suction pipe 64. The high-efficiency filter built into the suction component 63 performs secondary filtration to intercept the remaining small dust particles. Finally, the clean air is discharged to the atmosphere from the air outlet of the suction component 63. This graded filtration design greatly reduces the filtration load of the suction component 63, avoids frequent clogging of its internal filter and wear of the fan impeller, and significantly extends the service life of the core power equipment.

[0035] It should be noted that the filter screen is designed to prevent metal shavings from splashing out of the dust collection hood 402, while the wheels 62 facilitate the movement of the suction unit 63 on the support plate 61 along with the gantry 3.

[0036] In actual use, the electric slide rail 11 drives the gantry 3 to move along the base 1, so that the drilling assembly 33 is aligned with the preset drilling position on the metal pipe. In the initial state, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 is in a retracted state, and the traction rope 415 and linkage rope 416 are in a relaxed state, and no tension is applied to the sealing plate. At this time, the spring 411 is in a compressed state, and its elastic force pushes the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407 radially inward, so that the through hole formed by the four first sealing plates 405 and the through hole formed by the four second sealing plates 407 are both in the minimum diameter state. Metal tube insertion operation: According to the outer diameter of the metal tube, the operator starts the electric telescopic rod 413. Its output end drives the connecting block 414 to extend outward, and through the linkage rope 416 and traction rope 415, it drives the sealing plate to overcome the elastic force of the spring 411, pulling the sealing plate radially outward, thus expanding the diameter of the enclosed through hole. Specifically, there are three working conditions: Minimum pipe diameter condition: When the outer diameter of the metal pipe is equal to the minimum through hole diameter enclosed by the second sealing plate 407, the electric telescopic rod 413 does not need to be started. The metal pipe is directly passed through the through hole enclosed by the second sealing plate 407. Under the elastic thrust of the spring 411, the four second sealing plates 407 automatically move radially inward until the sealing sleeve 408 on the inner arc surface of the second sealing plate 407 hugs the outer wall of the metal pipe to form a seal. At this time, the first sealing plate 405 remains in the initial state and does not participate in the contact. Medium diameter pipe condition: When the outer diameter of the metal pipe is equal to the minimum through hole diameter enclosed by the first sealing plate 405 and greater than the minimum through hole diameter enclosed by the second sealing plate 407, the electric telescopic rod 413 is activated. Its output end drives the connecting block 414 to extend outward a certain distance, so that the second sealing plate 407 moves outward to an appropriate position (so that the second sealing plate 407 is hidden outside the minimum through hole enclosed by the first sealing plate 405). At this time, the metal pipe is passed through the through hole. Under the elastic thrust of the spring 411, the four first sealing plates 405 automatically move radially inward until the sealing sleeve 408 on the first sealing plate 405 hugs the medium diameter metal pipe.

[0037] Maximum pipe diameter condition: When the outer diameter of the metal pipe is greater than the minimum through hole diameter enclosed by the first sealing plate 405, the electric telescopic rod 413 is activated. Its output end continues to drive the connecting block 414 to extend to the maximum extension length, so that the second slider 410 touches the second sealing plate 407 at the outer end of the second slide groove 406 and continues to move radially outward. At this time, the second sealing plate 407 transmits the pulling force to the first sealing plate 405 through the second slider 410, so that the first sealing plate 405 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 411 connected to it and pulls the first sealing plate 405 to move radially outward along the first slide groove 404, so that the four first sealing plates... When the sealing plates 405 are separated, the first sealing plate 405 is hidden on the outer side of the inner arc surface of the central through hole of the dust collection hood 402. After the large-diameter metal tube is passed through the central through hole of the dust collection hood 402, the sealing ring 403 on the central through hole of the dust collection hood 402 hugs the outer wall of the largest diameter metal tube. Under the above three working conditions, when the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 stops moving, the sealing plate can be stably held in the corresponding hugging position under the elastic thrust of the spring 411 and will not loosen due to vibration. A sealed dust collection cavity is formed between the dust collection hood 402 and the metal tube, providing negative pressure maintenance conditions for efficient dust collection. When the metal pipe that needs to be drilled is changed from a large-diameter metal pipe to a small-diameter metal pipe, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 413 is retracted, which drives the connecting block 414 to reset. At this time, the sealing plate no longer applies tension to the spring 411. Under the elastic thrust of the spring 411, the first sealing plate 405 and the second sealing plate 407 automatically reset to the initial inward closing state. The box cover 503 is opened periodically to clean the metal shavings collected in the water tank 504 inside the filter box 502 and to maintain the filter screen 508.

[0038] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal tube drilling device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Electric slide rails (11) are symmetrically arranged on the base (1). An electric motor (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base (1). A dovetail groove is opened on the base (1). A double-headed screw (12) is rotatably connected to the dovetail groove of the base (1). Two slide tables (2) are symmetrically slidably connected to the dovetail groove of the base (1). A clamping mechanism (21) is provided on the slide table (2). The slide table (2) is threadedly connected to the double-headed screw (12). A gantry frame (3) is provided on the electric slide rail (11). A filter device (5) and a dust collection device (6) are provided on the gantry frame (3). A hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the gantry frame (3). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) penetrates the surface of the gantry frame (3). A mounting plate (32) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (31). A drilling assembly (33) is detachably installed on the mounting plate (32). A dust collection device (4) is provided on the gantry frame (3). The dust collection device (4) includes a mounting frame (401) that is detachably installed on the lower surface of the gantry frame (3). The mounting frame (401) is adapted to the size of the mounting plate (32). A dust collection hood (402) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (401). The dust collection hood (402) is cylindrical and has a central through hole that runs through the axial direction. Both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection hood (402) are provided with multi-level nested sealing plate assemblies. Two sets of drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the dust collection hood (402). The multi-level nested sealing plate assembly includes multiple first sealing plates (405) and second sealing plates (407) evenly distributed circumferentially. The multiple first sealing plates (405) and second sealing plates (407) can move radially to adjust the diameter of the enclosed through hole.

2. The metal pipe drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level nested sealing plate assembly also includes eight first grooves (404) formed on one side of the inner wall of the dust collection hood (402). The eight first grooves (404) are arranged in pairs. There are four first sealing plates (405) and four second sealing plates (407). Each first sealing plate (405) corresponds one-to-one with a set of first grooves (404). Two first sliders (409) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the first sealing plate (405) near the inner wall of the dust collection hood (402). (409) is slidably connected to two first slide grooves (404) in a set. Two symmetrically arranged second slide grooves (406) are opened on the side of the first sealing plate (405) away from the dust collection hood (402). Two second sliders (410) are symmetrically fixedly connected on the side of the second sealing plate (407) close to the first sealing plate (405). The two second sliders (410) are slidably connected to the two second slide grooves (406). Reset components are provided on both the first sealing plate (405) and the second sealing plate (407).

3. The metal pipe drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner arc surface, outer arc surface and two side planes of the first sealing plate (405) and the second sealing plate (407) are all covered with sealing sleeves (408), and a sealing ring (403) is fixedly connected to the central through hole of the dust collection cover (402).

4. The metal pipe drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One set of the reset components is disposed between the first sealing plate (405) and the dust collection hood (402), and the other set of the reset components is disposed between the second sealing plate (407) and the dust collection hood (402). Both sets of the reset components include four sets of springs (411). One set of the springs (411) consists of two springs. In one set of the reset components, one end of the two springs (411) is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate (405), and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood (402). In the other set of the reset components, one end of the two springs (411) is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate (407), and the other end is fixedly connected to the dust collection hood (402).

5. A metal pipe drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each spring (411) is covered with a protective sleeve (412), and the protective sleeve (412) is a telescopic corrugated tube structure. The protective sleeve (412) located at both ends between the first sealing plate (405) and the dust collection hood (402) is sealed and fixedly connected to the first sealing plate (405) and the dust collection hood (402) respectively; The protective sleeve (412) located at both ends between the second sealing plate (407) and the dust collection hood (402) is sealed and fixedly connected to the second sealing plate (407) and the dust collection hood (402) respectively.

6. The metal pipe drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a traction rope (415) fixedly connected to two adjacent second sealing plates (407). The two ends of the traction rope (415) are slidably connected to the dust collection hood (402). The middle part of the traction rope (415) is located outside the dust collection hood (402). Two electric telescopic rods (413) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the dust collection hood (402). A connecting block (414) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (413). Two linkage ropes (416) are fixedly connected to the connecting block (414). The two linkage ropes (416) are respectively fixedly connected to the middle part of the adjacent traction rope (415).

7. The metal pipe drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration device (5) includes a filter box (502) fixedly connected to the gantry frame (3) via a square plate. A suction pipe (501) is sealed and fixedly connected between the filter box (502) and the dust collection hood (402). A box cover (503) is detachably installed on the filter box (502). Two rotating rods (506) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box (502). Rotating rollers (507) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two rotating rods (506). A filter screen (508) is sleeved between the rotating rollers (507) of the two rotating rods (506). A motor (505) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter box (502). The output end of the motor (505) is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating rod (506). A water tank (504) is opened on the inner wall of the filter box (502).

8. A metal tube drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged support frames (509) are rotatably connected between the two rotating rods (506). A plurality of evenly distributed step blocks (510) are fixedly connected to the side of the support frame (509) near the water tank (504). A plurality of evenly distributed ball bearings (511) are rolled on the step blocks (510). A plurality of evenly distributed step blocks (512) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter screen (508). The step blocks (510) and step blocks (512) are used in conjunction.

9. A metal tube drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuuming device (6) includes a support plate (61) that can be detachably installed on the gantry frame (3). The four corners of the support plate (61) are fixedly connected with walking wheels (62). A vacuuming component (63) is detachably installed on the support plate (61). The vacuuming component (63) and the filter box (502) are sealed and fixedly connected by a second vacuuming pipe (64). The second vacuuming pipe (64) is connected through the gantry frame (3).

10. A metal tube drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection hood (402) is provided with an air inlet (417), and a filter screen is detachably installed on the air inlet (417).

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