Regulating system for a timepiece movement comprising means for stopping the oscillator

Abstract

One aspect of the invention relates to a regulating system (200) comprising a stop device (150) comprising a retaining member (151) fixed to a balance wheel (121), the retaining member being configured to engage with a stop pawl (155) mounted so as to rotate freely at one end of a stop lever (152), the stop lever (152) being movable between a non-activated position allowing the free oscillation of a mechanical oscillator (120) and an activated position in which the stop pawl (155) is in the path of the retaining member (151), the stop pawl (155) being configured so that, when the stop lever (152) is in the activated position, the stop pawl allows the retaining member (151) to move in the current direction of rotation (S1, S2) of the balance wheel (121) when the stop device (150) is activated, to lock the rotation in the opposite direction of rotation (S2, S1) of the balance wheel (121) on the next oscillation, the stop pawl (155) forming a stop to the movement of the retaining member (151).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adjustment systems for watch movements.

[0002] More specifically, the present invention relates to stop devices for stopping a mechanical oscillator assembled to such a regulating system, particularly during time-setting operation or when the mainspring barrel is at its minimum winding level.

[0003] The present invention also relates to a watch movement including a regulating system and a timepiece including such a watch movement. Background Technology

[0004] Conventionally, the regulating system includes a mechanical oscillator, which comprises a balance wheel and an elastic component.

[0005] In high-end timepieces, the regulating system may also include a device for stopping the mechanical oscillator.

[0006] This oscillator stop device (also known as a "stop balance wheel") is used to stop the oscillation of the balance wheel when the time is set using the control stem, thereby fixing the position of the second hand. This stop device allows the watch movement to restart at a precise time.

[0007] The conventional mechanical oscillator stop mechanism typically used for the balance wheel includes a stop lever controlled by the position of the control stem on the timepiece or by pressing a button. Typically, the end of the lever rests against the outer peripheral surface of the balance wheel rim or against the balance wheel shaft.

[0008] Another solution, as described in U.S. Patent 2,212,535, proposes using several balancing screws distributed on the rim and pointing outwards as stoppers to engage with studs located at the ends of the stoppers when the stopper is actuated by the stop control.

[0009] The disadvantage of this stopping device is that the angular stopping position of the mechanical oscillator is random. This means there is a risk that the balance wheel will be stopped at some point where the elastic member has almost no potential energy, thus preventing the oscillator from restarting. Furthermore, if the balance wheel is stopped when the elastic member has non-zero potential energy, this energy will be variable and different each time it stops, depending on the angular position of the balance wheel when it is stopped. Therefore, when the balance wheel restarts, its amplitude will be variable, and its rate will be inaccurate.

[0010] A solution has been provided in U.S. Patent 3,733,805, which includes providing at least one serrated portion around the edge of the balance wheel rim, said at least one serrated portion comprising a series of concave indentations alternating with convex protrusions. The serrated portion extends over an angular sector of 30° to 90°. However, even if this solution makes it possible to prevent the balance wheel from stopping at a position where the elastic member has zero potential energy due to the position of the serrated portion, the angular stopping position of the balance wheel on that portion is still random. In this case, the amplitude of the balance wheel will change when it restarts, resulting in inaccuracies when it resumes operation, which is unacceptable in a timepiece that should measure time very accurately.

[0011] Another solution has been provided in application EP 2 221 678, which includes providing a heart-shaped cam and a hammer-shaped rod. The heart-shaped cam is fixed to the balance wheel shaft associated with the balance wheel hairspring, and the rod, when actuated, supports and locks the balance wheel on a center wheel. The shape of the center wheel is determined to move the balance wheel to a predetermined angular stop position in which the balance wheel hairspring has non-zero potential energy. However, this solution also has disadvantages because further stress is applied to the balance wheel and balance wheel hairspring when the balance wheel returns to the angular stop position. Furthermore, using a center wheel for stopping drives the oscillator in the opposite direction to its natural cycle.

[0012] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the regulating system used in watch movements, especially the stopping device. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages by providing an adjustment system comprising means for stopping a mechanical oscillator, thereby ensuring that the mechanical oscillator stops at a predetermined angular position without interacting with the balance wheel shaft and ensuring that it quickly and accurately resumes operation.

[0014] The present invention also aims to provide a device for stopping a mechanical oscillator, such that the balance wheel can stop in an angular position where the hairspring has non-zero potential energy, thereby allowing the mechanical oscillator to restart automatically and immediately.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention relates to a regulating system for a watch movement, comprising: - A mechanical oscillator oscillating about an oscillation axis A1, the mechanical oscillator including a balance wheel connected to a hairspring, each oscillation of the mechanical oscillator comprising two successive vibrations characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel along two successive and opposite directions of rotation. - A stop device on a mechanical oscillator, which is configured to lock the balance wheel in a predetermined angular position where the hairspring has non-zero potential energy for each of two oscillations of the mechanical oscillator.

[0016] According to the invention, the stopping device includes a retaining member fixed to the balance wheel, the retaining member being configured to engage a stopping pawl mounted to allow free rotation at one end of a stopping lever, the stopping lever being movable between an inactive position allowing free oscillation of the mechanical oscillator and an active position in which the stopping pawl is located in the path of the retaining member. Additionally, the stopping pawl is configured such that when the stopping lever is in the active position, the stopping pawl allows the retaining member to move in the direction of rotation of the balance wheel's current oscillation when the stopping device is activated and to lock rotation in the opposite direction of rotation of the balance wheel during the next oscillation, the stopping pawl forming a stop on the movement of the retaining member.

[0017] Preferred, the stop pawl is held in a balanced position by the stop spring.

[0018] Preferably, the stop pawl includes a first beak formed by the junction of a first sliding surface and a first stop surface. The first sliding surface is configured to ensure that the stop pawl rotates against a stop spring in a first rotational direction of the balance wheel when in contact with the retaining member, so as to allow the retaining member to move in the first rotational direction of the balance wheel. The first stop surface is configured to act as a stop to the movement of the retaining member and lock the rotation of the balance wheel in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction of the balance wheel.

[0019] Preferably, the stop pawl includes a second beak formed by the junction of a second sliding surface and a second stop surface. The second sliding surface is configured to ensure that the stop pawl rotates against a stop spring in a second rotational direction of the balance wheel when in contact with the retaining member, so as to allow the retaining member to move in the second rotational direction of the balance wheel. The second stop surface is configured to act as a stop to the movement of the retaining member and lock the rotation of the balance wheel in a first rotational direction.

[0020] Preferably, the first beak and the second beak are positioned relative to and symmetrically with respect to the plane extending through the rotation axis of the stop pawl and through the oscillation axis of the mechanical oscillator.

[0021] Preferably, the stop pawl has a C shape, wherein the two ends of the C carry the first beak and the second beak.

[0022] Preferably, the stop is configured to lock the balance wheel in an angular position that has an angular hysteresis relative to the locked position P0 of the balance wheel, between 120° and 180° (in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction), preferably between 120° and 180°. The angular position P0 of the balance wheel corresponds to the position where the hairspring is unstressed (i.e., neither contracted nor extended). In other words, in this angular locked position P0, the balance wheel has zero potential energy. When the balance wheel is in its locked position P0, the retaining member is aligned with the escapement line.

[0023] Preferably, the balance wheel includes a rim attached to the central portion via an arm, maintaining the component positioned at a horizontal position in one of the arms or at a horizontal position on the rim.

[0024] Preferred, the retaining component is made of the same material as the balance wheel, or is formed by a pin, stud, or bolt driven into the balance wheel.

[0025] The present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising an adjustment system according to the present invention.

[0026] Preferably, the watch movement includes a direct impact escapement associated with the regulating system according to the invention.

[0027] Prior to this, the direct impact escapement is the natural escapement. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The objects, advantages, and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the figures: - Figure 1 The illustration shows a schematic top view of an exemplary embodiment of an adjustment system according to the present invention, including a stop device; in particular, Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the adjustment system when the stop device is in the inactive position; - Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic top view of the adjustment system when the stop device is in the active position; - Figures 3 to 6 The diagram illustrates the different states of the balance wheel and the stop device when the stop device is activated, thus stopping the balance wheel. - Figure 7 It is a combination Figures 1 to 6 The flowchart shown in the figure illustrates the clock movement of the regulating system according to the present invention.

[0029] In all the figures, unless otherwise specified, common elements have the same reference numerals. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Figures 1 to 6The schematic top view illustrates different states of an exemplary embodiment of the regulating system 100 for a watch movement 200 according to the present invention, including the stop device 10.

[0031] In particular, Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the adjustment system 100 in operation when the stop device 150 is in the inactive position.

[0032] In particular, Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the adjustment system 100 when the stop device 150 is activated and is in the activated position.

[0033] The regulating system 100 includes a mechanical oscillator 120 that oscillates around an oscillation axis A1.

[0034] The mechanical oscillator 120 includes a balance wheel 121 having a generally circular rim 122 attached to a central portion 124 via a balance wheel arm 123. The central portion 124 is fixed to a spindle of a balance wheel shaft 125 extending along an oscillation axis A1.

[0035] Conventionally, the balance wheel 121 is connected to the hairspring 130, for example, a balance wheel and hairspring (for simplicity, in...). Figure 1 (Illustrated by a dashed circle). The balance spring 130 is conventionally connected to the balance wheel 121.

[0036] Each oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120 is defined by two consecutive vibrations, characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel 121 along a first rotation direction S1 and then along a second opposite rotation direction S2.

[0037] For the first oscillation, the balance spring 130 on the mechanical oscillator 120 will, for example, contract until it reaches its maximum contraction at a first angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, and for the next oscillation, the balance spring 130 on the mechanical oscillator 120 will relax and then expand until it reaches its maximum relaxation at a second angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, and so on. Clearly, the angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121 depends on the amount of energy available in the mainspring barrel.

[0038] With each oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120, the balance wheel 121 moves through an angular position where the potential energy of the balance spring 130 is zero. In this specific angular position of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 is fully relaxed and exhibits neither expansion nor contraction. This specific angular position is referred to herein as the locked position P0.

[0039] The adjustment system 100 according to the invention includes a stop device 150 that allows the position of the balance wheel 121 of the mechanical oscillator 120, and more specifically, to be locked in a predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' in response to a user command.

[0040] The stop device 150 advantageously locks the balance wheel 121 in a predetermined angular position where the balance spring 130 has non-zero potential energy (where the restarting position of the balance wheel 121 is ensured).

[0041] For example, the stop device 150 according to the invention allows the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a first predetermined angular position Pbloc, in which the balance spring 130 is retracted and has sufficient energy to ensure the autonomous start of the regulating system 100.

[0042] According to an alternative embodiment, the stop device 150 according to the invention enables the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a second predetermined angular position Pbloc', in which the balance spring 130 is deployed and has sufficient energy to ensure the autonomous start of the regulating system 100.

[0043] Preferably, the stop device 150 according to the invention is configured to lock the balance wheel 121 in either a first predetermined angular position Pbloc or a second predetermined angular position Pbloc' depending on the vibration of the mechanical oscillator 120 when the stop device 150 is activated. In the first predetermined angular position, the balance wheel spring 130 is contracted and has sufficient energy to ensure that the regulating system 100 starts automatically, and in the second predetermined angular position, the balance wheel spring 130 is extended and has sufficient energy to ensure that the regulating system 100 starts autonomously.

[0044] Therefore, the stop device 150 according to the invention advantageously allows the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a predetermined angular position, regardless of the vibration of the oscillation when the stop device 150 is activated.

[0045] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to lock the balance wheel 121 in a predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc', which has an angular hysteresis of 120° and 180° relative to the angular locking position P0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0046] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to lock the balance wheel 121 in a predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc', which has an angular hysteresis of 130° and 180° relative to the angular locking position P0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0047] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to lock the balance wheel 121 in predetermined angular positions Pbloc, Pbloc', which have an angular hysteresis of 140° and 180° relative to the angular locking position P0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0048] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to lock the balance wheel 121 in a predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc', which has an angular hysteresis of 150° and 180° relative to the angular locking position P0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0049] Using this invention, when the watch movement 200 restarts, the balance wheel 121 will be able to restart with a known amplitude that remains constant over time, thus ensuring high accuracy of the watch movement 200's rate. This stop device 150 is particularly suitable for use with any type of oscillator and regulator.

[0050] The stop device 150 includes a retaining member 151 fixed to the balance wheel 121.

[0051] The retaining member 151 extends in a direction parallel to the oscillation axis A1 of the mechanical oscillator 120, such that it protrudes above or below the balance wheel 121.

[0052] Preferably, component 151 is arranged on the surface of the balance wheel opposite to the balance spring 130.

[0053] The retaining member 151 may be, for example, a pin, stud, stop, or other component mounted on the top or bottom of the balance wheel 121. The retaining member 151 may also be made of the same material as the balance wheel 121.

[0054] Preferably, the retaining member 151 is arranged at the level of the rim 122 or at the level of one of the arms of the balance wheel 123. The retaining member 151 has a predetermined position relative to the escape line, which corresponds to a straight line extending from the axis of rotation of the balance wheel shaft 125 to the axis of rotation of the escape wheel shaft (not shown). Advantageously, the retaining member 151 is positioned on the balance wheel so as to be aligned with the escape line when the balance wheel 121 is in its locked angle position P0.

[0055] The stop device 150 also includes a stop lever 152 or a stop rocker arm, which is directly or indirectly controlled by a stop control element actuated by the user as needed or by the gear train on the watch movement. The stop control element can be actuated, for example, by a control spindle, winding crown, or push-button.

[0056] The stop lever 152 is in the inactive position where the mechanical oscillator 120 oscillates freely (in Figure 1 (as shown in the diagram) and enabled location (in) Figure 2(As shown in the middle illustration) can be rotatably moved about the axis of rotation A2. The various positions of the stop lever 152 are indexed, for example, by studs or bolts fixed (e.g., to a plate or bar on the watch movement 200), which together with the end of the opening 156 provided in the body of the stop lever 152 act as a stop. Of course, without departing from the context of the invention, a reverse arrangement of studs fixed to the stop lever 152 engaging with the opening in the plate or bar formed on the watch movement is also possible.

[0057] The stop lever 152 is connected to the stop pawl 155 at its end opposite to the axis of rotation A2. The stop pawl is configured to engage with the retaining member 151 on the balance wheel 121 when the stop device 150 is activated. When the stop lever 152 is in the activated position, the stop pawl 155 is positioned on the circular path of the retaining member 151.

[0058] The stop pawl 155 is mounted so as to rotate freely about the axis of rotation A3 at the end of the stop rod 152 and engages with a pawl spring 154, which tends to return the stop pawl 155 to the equilibrium position when no action is taken.

[0059] The pawl spring 154 supports and abuts against the bolt 153 mounted on the stop rod 152 and against the rear of the stop pawl 155.

[0060] In the first inactive position of the stop lever 152, that is, when the stop device 150 is not actuated, the stop pawl 155 is not positioned on the path of the retaining member 151, so that the balance wheel 121 can oscillate freely under the impact of the balance wheel spring 130. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates this first free oscillation position of the mechanical oscillator 120.

[0061] When the stop control element is actuated, it directly or indirectly drives the stop lever 152, which is in its activated position (e.g., Figure 2 As shown, the lever 152 pivots about the axis of rotation A2, thereby moving the stop pawl 155 closer to the spindle of the balance wheel shaft 125 and positioning the stop pawl 155 in the path of the retaining member 151. With the stop lever 152 in this activated position, the bolt 157, together with the upper end of the opening 156, acts as a stop.

[0062] The stop pawl 155 includes at least one beak 158a, 158b, which is configured to engage with a retaining member 151 fixed to the balance wheel 121 and lock the rotation of the balance wheel 151 in a predetermined angular position by engaging with the retaining member 151.

[0063] Preferably, the stop pawl 155 has a C-shape and includes two opposing beaks 158a, 158b arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane extending through the rotation axis A3 of the stop pawl 155 and the oscillation axis A1 of the mechanical oscillator 120. Preferably, the two beaks 158a, 158b are arranged at the ends of the C. The two beaks 158a, 158b advantageously allow the balance wheel 121 to be locked in two predetermined angular positions Pbloc, Pbloc' (one position for each vibration component on the mechanical oscillator 120).

[0064] More specifically, each beak 158a, 158b has a profile configured to allow the retaining member 151 to move along a specific rotational direction of the balance wheel 121 and to lock the retaining member 151 in the opposite rotational direction of the balance wheel 121.

[0065] Each beak 158a, 158b is formed by the junction of a sliding surface 159 and a stop surface 160, with the two surfaces 159, 160 joined at the end portions.

[0066] The sliding surface 159 is configured to engage with the retaining member 151 without locking when the balance wheel 121 rotates in a predetermined direction of rotation. The sliding surface 159 is oriented such that the stop pawl 155 can rotate about its axis of rotation A3 under the action of the retaining member 151, thereby moving against the stress of the pawl spring 154.

[0067] The stop surface 160 includes at least one portion that is oriented substantially perpendicular to the path of the retaining member 151 along a second rotational direction of the balance wheel 121 (opposite to the rotational direction described above) to form a stop to the movement of the retaining member 151 and lock the rotation of the balance wheel 121.

[0068] For example, the first beak 158a is configured to allow the retaining member 151 to move along the first rotation direction S1 (clockwise) of the balance wheel 121 and to lock the retaining member 151 along the second rotation direction S1 (counterclockwise) of the balance wheel.

[0069] For example, the second beak 158b is configured to allow the retaining member 151 to move along the second rotation direction S2 (counterclockwise) of the balance wheel 121 and to lock the retaining member 151 along the first rotation direction S1 (clockwise) of the balance wheel.

[0070] Therefore, the stop pawl 155 functions in a manner similar to a double pawl.

[0071] When the stop control element is actuated, two situations will occur depending on the oscillation mode of the mechanical oscillator 120.

[0072] If the balance wheel 121 is rotating clockwise in the direction S1 when the stop control is activated (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown in the diagram), the balance wheel 121 will continue its rotation clockwise in the direction S1 about its oscillation axis A1 until it reaches the first angular position at the end of the oscillation (in Figure 5 (As shown in the diagram), it then restarts in the counter-clockwise direction S2 for the next oscillation. As this oscillation occurs, when the stop pawl 155 is in the path of the retaining member 151, it will contact the sliding surface 159 at the distal portion of the end portion of the first beak 158a. Figure 3 The position of the balance wheel 121 is specifically illustrated in the diagram.

[0073] Due to the inertia of the balance wheel 121, the retaining member 151 will engage with the first sliding surface 159 on the beak 158a. The slope of this first sliding surface will cause the stop pawl 155 to rotate about its axis of rotation A3, thereby overcoming the stress applied by the pawl spring 154 supporting the rear of the beaks 158a and 158b. Figure 4 As shown in the image. Figure 4 The illustration specifically shows a retaining member 151 that contacts the end portion of the first beak 158a, after which it moves to a balanced position.

[0074] Therefore, the pivot stop pawl 155 allows the balance wheel 121 to continue rotating and reach the first angular position at the end of the oscillation, as... Figure 5 As shown in the diagram.

[0075] At this first angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 will tend to relax and cause the balance wheel 121 to rotate in the opposite direction to the counterclockwise direction S2, as... Figure 6 As illustrated in the diagram. At the start of this reverse rotation phase (in this case, counterclockwise S2), the retaining member 151 is locked by the stop pawl 155. More specifically, the retaining member 151 will contact the first stop surface 160 on the first beak 158a. The first stop surface 160 forms a locking stop, thereby locking the retaining member 151 and thus the balance wheel 121 in a first predetermined angular position Pbloc, in which the balance spring 130 has a known potential energy sufficient to ensure the restart of oscillation.

[0076] If the balance wheel 121 is rotating counterclockwise S2 when the stop control is activated, the balance wheel 121 will continue its rotation counterclockwise S2 around its oscillation axis A1 until it reaches the second angular position at the end of the oscillation, after which it will restart clockwise S1 for the next oscillation. The first angular position at the end of the oscillation when the balance wheel 121 oscillates clockwise S1 and the second angular position at the end of the oscillation when the balance wheel 121 oscillates counterclockwise S2 can be the same as or relatively similar to each other.

[0077] As this oscillation occurs, when the stop pawl 155 is in the path of the retaining member 151, it will contact the second sliding surface 159 at the distal portion of the end portion of the second beak 158b.

[0078] Due to the inertia of the balance wheel 121, the retaining member 151 will engage with the second sliding surface 159 on the second beak 158b. The slope of the second sliding surface will cause the stop pawl 155 to rotate in the opposite direction of rotation relative to the rotation direction described above about its rotation axis, thereby overcoming the stress applied by the pawl spring 154 supporting the rear of the beaks 158a, 158b.

[0079] Therefore, the pivot stop pawl 155 allows the balance wheel 121 to continue rotating and reach the second angle position when the oscillation of the balance wheel 121 ends.

[0080] At this second angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 will tend to contract and cause the balance wheel 121 to rotate in the opposite direction to the clockwise direction S1.

[0081] At the start of this reverse rotation phase (in this case, clockwise S1), the retaining member 151 is locked by the stop pawl 155. More specifically, the retaining member 151 will contact the second stop surface 160 on the second beak 158b. The second stop surface 160 forms a locking stop, thereby locking the retaining member 151 and the balance wheel 121 in a second predetermined angular position Pbloc', in which the balance spring 130 has a known potential energy sufficient to ensure the restart of oscillation.

[0082] The present invention makes it possible to stop the balance wheel 121 at at least one predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc', in which the balance spring 130 has known and sufficient potential energy, regardless of the oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120.

[0083] Of course, the stop pawl 155 may include only a beak 158a, 158b to stop the balance wheel 121 in a single angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' among the angular positions described above.

[0084] In order to unlock the mechanical oscillator 120 under the action of the stop control or when it returns to the reference position, the stop lever 152 returns to its inactive position and releases the holding member 151, thereby releasing the balance wheel 121, which then oscillates freely.

[0085] This regulating system 100 is particularly suitable for use with direct-impact escapements (e.g., natural escapements) or with escapements that do not automatically restart the balance wheel after stopping. However, the regulating system 100 can be used with any type of escapement.

[0086] The regulating system according to the invention, and more specifically the stopping device, enables the balance wheel to stop at a predetermined angular position with sufficient energy, ensuring the autonomous restart of oscillation after stopping. The regulating system according to the invention also makes it possible to avoid any unintentional movement that would occur with prior art stopping devices when the balance wheel is stopped. This prevents any interference with the normal operation of the components constituting the escapement and regulating system.

[0087] The present invention also relates to a watch movement 200 including an adjustment system 100 according to the present invention.

[0088] Preferably, the watch movement 200 includes a regulating system 100 according to the invention having a direct-impact escapement (such as a natural escapement).

Claims

1. A regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200), comprising: - A mechanical oscillator (120) oscillating about an oscillation axis (A1), the mechanical oscillator including a balance wheel (121) connected to a hairspring (130), each oscillation of the mechanical oscillator (120) comprising two successive vibrations characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel (121) along two successive and opposite rotational directions (S1, S2). - A stop device (150) on the mechanical oscillator (120) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc') where the hairspring (130) has non-zero potential energy for each of two oscillations of the mechanical oscillator (120). The stop device (150) is characterized in that it includes a retaining member (151) fixed to the balance wheel (121), the retaining member being configured to engage a stop pawl (155) mounted to allow free rotation at one end of a stop lever (152), the stop lever (152) being movable between a non-activated position allowing the mechanical oscillator (120) to oscillate freely and an activated position in which the stop pawl (155) is located in the path of the retaining member (151). The stop pawl (155) is configured such that when the stop lever (152) is in the activated position, the stop pawl allows the retaining member (151) to move along the rotational direction (S1, S2) of the current vibration of the balance wheel (121) when the stop device (150) is activated and to lock rotation along the opposite rotational direction (S2, S1) of the balance wheel (121) in the next vibration, the stop pawl (155) acting as a stop to the movement of the retaining member (151).

2. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, The stop pawl (155) is held in a balanced position by the stop spring (154).

3. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, The stop pawl (155) includes a first beak (158a) formed at the junction of a first sliding surface (159) and a first stop surface (160), the first sliding surface (159) being configured to ensure that the stop pawl (155) rotates against the stop spring (154) when in contact with the retaining member (151) to allow the retaining member (151) to move along a first rotational direction (S1) of the balance wheel (121), the first stop surface (160) being configured to act as a stop to the movement of the retaining member (151) and lock the rotation of the balance wheel (121) along a second rotational direction (S2) opposite to the first rotational direction (S1) of the balance wheel (121).

4. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, The stop pawl (155) includes a second beak (158b) formed at the junction of a second sliding surface (159) and a second stop surface (160). The second sliding surface (159) is configured to ensure that the stop pawl (155) rotates against the stop spring (154) when in contact with the retaining member (151) to allow the retaining member (151) to move in a second rotational direction (S2) of the balance wheel (121). The second stop surface (160) is configured to act as a stop to the movement of the retaining member (151) and lock the rotation of the balance wheel (121) in the first rotational direction (S1).

5. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first beak (158a) and the second beak (158b) are positioned opposite and symmetrically to each other with respect to the planes of the rotation axis (A3) extending through the stop pawl (155) and the oscillation axis (A1) extending through the mechanical oscillator (120).

6. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, The stop pawl (155) has a C shape, wherein the two ends of the C carry the first beak (158a) and the second beak (158b).

7. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc'), the predetermined angular position having an angular hysteresis between 120° and 180° relative to the angular locking position (P0) of the balance wheel having zero potential energy.

8. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc'), the predetermined angular position having an angular hysteresis of 130° and 180° relative to the angular locking position (P0) of the balance wheel having zero potential energy therein.

9. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc'), the predetermined angular position having an angular hysteresis of 140° and 180° relative to the angular locking position (P0) of the balance wheel having zero potential energy therein.

10. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc'), the predetermined angular position having an angular hysteresis between 150° and 180° relative to the angular locking position (P0) of the balance wheel having zero potential energy therein.

11. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The balance wheel (121) includes a rim (122) attached to the center portion (124) via an arm (123), and the retaining member (151) is positioned at the level of one of the arms (123) or at the level of the rim (122).

12. The regulating system (100) for a watch movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The retaining member (151) is made as a single piece with the balance wheel (121), or is formed by a pin, stud or bolt driven into the balance wheel (121).

13. A watch movement (200) comprising a regulating system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. The watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, It includes a direct impact escapement associated with the regulating system (100).

15. The watch movement (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, The direct impact escapement is a natural escapement.

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