Battery voltage isolation type linkage control method and device under dual power supply

Abstract

The application discloses a battery voltage isolation type linkage control method and device under dual power supplies, and relates to the technical field of power supply control. The method generates a main power supply state signal representing main power supply access or abnormality by collecting voltage detection data of a main power supply input end; collects voltage sampling data of a battery end, and performs threshold value comparison processing to generate a battery state signal representing qualified battery voltage or under-voltage; performs combined state recognition on the main power supply state signal and the battery state signal to generate a corresponding battery protection strategy; and performs corresponding linkage isolation control according to the battery protection strategy. If it is monitored that the main power supply is in an access state or recovers from an abnormal state to access, linkage switching control with main power supply priority is performed. When the main power supply is in an access state, the method switches to a main power supply power supply state and maintains the current linkage isolation control state, so that the improvement of access voltage stability when the battery automatically reconnects is realized under the low-voltage operation of the power supply and the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power control technology, and in particular to a battery voltage isolation linkage control method and device under dual power supply conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of electronic technology, power management, as a core basic unit of electronic products, directly affects the safety and reliability of the equipment. Improper power management can not only lead to the paralysis of the power load end, but may even cause serious safety accidents such as fires. Therefore, for electronic devices that use dual power supply switching between main power and backup battery, ensuring the reliability of the power supply is particularly important. Dual power supply switching usually connects to both the main power supply and the backup battery simultaneously to ensure a seamless switch to battery power to maintain operation when the main power supply fails. To prevent damage or safety hazards caused by over-discharge of the battery, it is necessary to monitor the battery voltage in real time and execute corresponding control actions based on the voltage status, such as issuing alarms when the battery voltage is low, switching the load, or cutting off the battery output. To ensure safety, the monitoring circuit usually adopts an isolation design, that is, to achieve electrical isolation between the control circuit and the high-voltage side of the battery through devices such as optocouplers and isolation amplifiers, avoiding high-voltage crosstalk and ground loop interference. Existing technology obtains the battery voltage signal through isolation devices, and the logic judgment circuit processes and judges the signal; when the battery voltage is detected to be lower than a set threshold, the logic judgment circuit outputs a control signal, and the actuator performs the preset protection function, such as disconnecting the battery output, starting the backup power supply, or triggering an alarm.

[0003] In existing battery and mains power management solutions, MOSFETs are commonly used as switching control devices. Since MOSFETs are direct-coupled semiconductor devices, there is a physical electrical connection between the control circuit and the high-voltage side of the controlled battery, without true isolation. When an anomaly occurs, such as a short circuit in the downstream stage, the high voltage or large current on the faulty side can cause the device to break down and be damaged through the MOSFET. Furthermore, when the mains power fails and the system relies on battery power, the battery continues to supply power in a low-voltage state, which not only leads to unstable output voltage but also accelerates battery aging. When the battery voltage falls below a threshold, the load is disconnected, but after disconnection, the battery voltage rises due to the disappearance of internal resistance. Once it rises above the threshold, the circuit reconnects the load, causing the battery to be pulled low again, resulting in repeated oscillations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery voltage isolation type linkage control method and device under dual power supply conditions. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, a battery voltage isolation linkage control method under dual power supply is provided. This method includes: collecting voltage detection data at the main power input terminal to generate a main power status signal indicating whether the main power supply is connected or abnormal; collecting voltage sampling data at the battery terminal and performing threshold comparison processing to generate a battery status signal indicating whether the battery voltage is qualified or undervoltage; connecting both the main power input terminal and the battery terminal to an isolation control circuit to realize main power input status detection, battery voltage status detection, and electrical isolation between the main power supply and the battery; performing combined status identification on the main power status signal and the battery status signal to generate a corresponding battery protection strategy; executing corresponding linkage isolation control according to the battery protection strategy; if the main power supply is detected to be in the connected state or recovering from an abnormal state, performing main power supply priority linkage switching control; when the main power status signal indicates that the main power supply is in the connected state, switching to the main power supply state and maintaining the linkage isolation control state corresponding to the current battery protection strategy.

[0006] On the other hand, a battery voltage isolation linkage control device under dual power supply is provided. This device includes: a power supply voltage sensor for real-time acquisition of voltage detection data at the main power input terminal and voltage sampling data at the battery terminal; a current detector for real-time acquisition of load current data and determination of the current load power demand based on the correspondence between load current and voltage; a temperature detection element for real-time acquisition of battery temperature values; an isolated control circuit for isolated transmission of main power status signals and battery status signals, and isolated output of control commands; and a microcontroller for controlling the received isolated main power status signals, battery status signals, load power demand, and battery temperature values, performing combined state identification on the main power status signals and battery status signals to generate corresponding battery protection strategies, and outputting corresponding linkage isolation control commands through a second optocoupler according to the battery protection strategies.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0008] 1. By constructing a dual detection mechanism for both main power supply status signals and battery status signals, and combining this with the electrical isolation characteristics of an isolated control circuit, the system achieves perception and coordinated control of the dual power supply operating status. It not only collects voltage data from the main power supply input terminal to determine its connection or abnormal state, but also simultaneously samples and compares the battery terminal voltage with thresholds to generate a status signal characterizing whether the battery voltage is qualified or undervoltage. Based on this, by combining and identifying the two types of status signals, a differentiated battery protection strategy is generated, and corresponding linkage isolation control is executed. Compared to the single power supply detection or simple switching control commonly found in existing technologies, this invention jointly analyzes the main power supply connection status and the battery voltage status, avoiding control errors caused by misjudgment of a single state. The introduction of isolated control circuits ensures electrical isolation between the main power supply and the battery, effectively preventing interference from the high-voltage side to the low-voltage control circuit, and enhancing safety and anti-interference capabilities. Through this multi-level, multi-parameter collaborative sensing and linkage control, the organic unity of main power supply priority and battery protection is achieved, which not only ensures continuous power supply to the load but also extends the battery's lifespan, solving the problems of slow response and high misjudgment rate of dual power supply switching in existing technologies.

[0009] 2. In the generation process of the main power supply status signal, a dual judgment logic based on multi-cycle voltage average and judgment duration is introduced, which improves the accuracy and anti-interference capability of the main power supply status detection. By acquiring the main power supply voltage value within the current sampling period and monitoring the average voltage of each cycle during electrical isolation, combined with the preset effective voltage range and the access or abnormal judgment duration, the main power supply status is comprehensively judged. The judgment method based on time accumulation and average filtering suppresses misjudgments caused by factors such as instantaneous fluctuations in the power grid, noise interference, or poor contact. Compared with the single-point voltage threshold triggering method commonly used in the prior art, this invention improves the judgment logic in the following ways. By incorporating a time dimension and statistical characteristics, the identification of the main power supply status becomes more robust, making it particularly suitable for applications in complex electromagnetic environments such as industrial sites or outdoor environments. Simultaneously, the generation of battery status signals also employs dynamic analysis methods. By constructing a battery voltage time series and performing first-order differential processing, the rate of change of battery voltage is obtained to comprehensively determine whether the battery is in a qualified, undervoltage, or overcurrent warning state. This trend-based battery status identification method can detect battery degradation trends or abnormal discharge behavior in advance, providing a basis for subsequent protection strategies and avoiding the lag or false alarm problems caused by single threshold judgments.

[0010] 3. During battery power compensation control, multiple parameters such as battery voltage, temperature, and historical depth of discharge are comprehensively considered to achieve precise control of the charging process. In electrically isolated mode, the current battery voltage sample value, battery temperature value, and historical depth of discharge data are acquired. The base charging current value is calculated based on the voltage difference, and then the charging current is positively or negatively compensated and corrected according to the temperature value. Simultaneously, the charging termination voltage value is determined based on the depth of discharge, ultimately generating a charging control command that includes the compensated charging current and the termination voltage. This multi-parameter fusion charging control method, compared to traditional constant current and constant voltage charging strategies, can better adapt to the charging needs of the battery under different conditions.

[0011] 4. This invention employs a temperature compensation mechanism to positively compensate the charging current at low temperatures, improving charging efficiency. Conversely, it performs negative compensation at high temperatures to prevent battery overheating. Simultaneously, the charging termination voltage setting based on the depth of discharge avoids overcharging and extends battery cycle life. Furthermore, this compensation control process is performed in an electrically isolated state, ensuring safe isolation between the charging circuit and the control circuit, and preventing high-voltage impacts on the control circuit. Through this multi-dimensional, dynamically adjusted charging control method, this invention not only improves the safety and efficiency of the charging process but also enhances adaptability to different battery types and usage scenarios, solving the problems of single charging control strategies, lack of environmental adaptability, and imperfect electrical isolation in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 A flowchart of a battery voltage isolation linkage control method under dual power supply provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 A circuit diagram for automatic low-voltage shutdown of a battery with an isolated optocoupler is provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0015] Figure 3 A flowchart corresponding to the combined state identification provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 The flowchart corresponds to the linkage switching control provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written in a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0020] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] This invention provides a battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply conditions, such as... Figure 1 The flowchart shown is for a battery voltage isolation linkage control method under dual power supply conditions. The processing flow of this method may include the following steps: 1) Acquiring voltage detection data from the main power supply input terminal to generate a main power supply status signal indicating whether the main power supply is connected or abnormal; 2) Acquiring voltage sampling data from the battery terminal and performing threshold comparison processing to generate a battery status signal indicating whether the battery voltage is qualified or undervoltage; 3) Connecting both the main power supply input terminal and the battery terminal to an isolation control circuit to realize main power supply input status detection, battery voltage status detection, and electrical isolation between the main power supply and the battery; 4) Performing combined status identification on the main power supply status signal and the battery status signal to generate a corresponding battery protection strategy; 5) Executing corresponding linkage isolation control according to the battery protection strategy. If the main power supply is detected as connected or recovering from an abnormal state, a main power supply priority linkage switching control is performed; 6) When the main power supply status signal indicates that the main power supply is connected, switching to the main power supply state and maintaining the linkage isolation control state corresponding to the current battery protection strategy.

[0022] like Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates an automatic low-voltage shutdown circuit for a battery with an isolated optocoupler, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The power input monitoring unit is connected to a resistor and capacitor via the main power interface, then connected to the optocoupler pre-stage, and finally connected to the low-voltage control unit post-stage. The battery voltage monitoring unit primarily uses a resistor to divide the voltage through a capacitor, mainly for detecting the battery's voltage range. The power supply pin is connected, and the voltage detection chip's output pin is connected to the low-voltage control unit. The low-voltage control unit, based on the battery voltage monitoring status and the power input monitoring unit's status, uses a resistor for current limiting, and through changes in the transistor's collector, affects the optocoupler's conduction, thereby controlling the power supply status.

[0023] The main power input interface VIN is connected to one end of the first resistor R1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first capacitor C1 and pin 1 of the first optocoupler U1. The other end of the first capacitor C1 and pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 are connected to the main power input ground. Pin 4 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected to the internal power supply interface VIN2. Pin 3 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and one end of the fourth resistor R4. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the battery power input ground GND. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q1, and its emitter end is connected to the battery power input ground GND. Its collector end is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and pin 1 of the second optocoupler U2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the internal power supply interface VIN2. The battery input interface VBAT is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8 and pin 3 of the first monitoring ICU3. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second capacitor C2 and pin 2 of the first monitoring ICU3, which is then connected to the battery power input ground GND. Pin 1 of the first monitoring IC ICU3 is connected to pin 2 of the second optocoupler U2, where the first monitoring IC ICU3 is a voltage detection IC. The control device power interface VIN3 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end is connected to pin 4 of the second optocoupler U2 and the control pin EN. One end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to pin 3 of the second optocoupler U2, and the other end is connected to the battery power input ground GND, where the control pin EN is connected to the device power position.

[0024] The markings in the diagram have the following meanings: VIN is the main power input interface; VIN2 is the internal power supply interface of the device; VIN3 is the power supply interface of the control device; VBAT is the battery input interface; A_GND is the main power input ground; GND is the battery power input ground; R1 is the first resistor; C1 is the first capacitor; U1 is the first optocoupler; R6 is the sixth resistor; R4 is the fourth resistor; Q1 is the first transistor; R2 is the second resistor; R7 is the seventh resistor; R8 is the eighth resistor; C2 is the second capacitor; U3 is the first monitoring IC; U2 is the second optocoupler; R3 is the third resistor; R5 is the fifth resistor.

[0025] The circuit includes a main power input interface, a battery input interface, an internal power supply interface for the device, a power supply interface for the control device, a battery voltage monitoring unit, a power input monitoring unit, and a low-voltage power control unit.

[0026] The main power input interface VIN connects to the external main power supply, typically a DC power supply. One end of the main power input interface VIN is connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end is connected to the first capacitor and pin 1 of the first optocoupler. The other end of the first capacitor and pin 2 of the first optocoupler are connected to the main power input ground. When there is no main power input, the first optocoupler cannot conduct, thus indicating that there is no external main power supply; otherwise, it does. The above describes the circuit of the power input monitoring unit.

[0027] Pin 4 of the first optocoupler is connected to the internal power supply interface of the device. Pin 3 of the first optocoupler is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the fourth resistor. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the battery power input ground. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the base terminal of the first transistor. The emitter terminal is connected to the battery power input ground. The collector terminal is connected to one end of the second resistor and pin 1 of the second optocoupler. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the internal power supply interface of the device. The above describes the front-end circuit of the low-voltage power control unit. When there is no external main power input, the base terminal is pulled down to the battery power input ground, and the first transistor cannot conduct. When there is an external main power input, the base terminal is provided with a start-up voltage through the internal power supply interface of the device, and the first transistor conducts, thereby affecting the conduction of the second optocoupler.

[0028] The battery input interface is for lithium batteries, typically lithium battery packs, with a voltage of 10.8~12.6V. The battery input interface is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end is connected to one end of the eighth resistor and pin 3 of the first monitoring IC. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the second capacitor and pin 2 of the first monitoring IC, which is then connected to the battery power input ground. Pin 1 of the first monitoring IC is connected to pin 2 of the second optocoupler. The above describes the battery voltage monitoring unit circuit. The battery voltage is limited by a resistor divider. If the lithium battery pack voltage is below the threshold voltage, a voltage threshold can be manually set, resulting in a low-level output on pin 1 of the first monitoring IC; otherwise, a high-level output is generated. When pin 1 of the second optocoupler is high, pin 2 is also high, so the circuit is not conducting; when pin 1 is high, pin 2 is low, so the circuit is conducting, thus affecting the device's power supply status.

[0029] The device power interface is connected to one end of the third resistor, and the other end is connected to pin 4 of the second optocoupler and the control pin EN. One end of the fifth resistor is connected to pin 3 of the second optocoupler, and the other end is connected to the battery power input ground. The above describes the low-voltage power control unit circuit. When the second optocoupler is on, the device power supply interface is in the off state; when the second optocoupler is off, the device power supply is in the on state.

[0030] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a flowchart illustrating the combined state identification method provided in this embodiment of the invention. The battery voltage isolation linkage control method under dual power supplies includes generating a main power supply state signal and a battery state signal, as well as identifying the combined state of the two signals and generating corresponding protection strategies. The voltage data at the main power supply input terminal is collected in real time by the power input monitoring unit in the isolated control circuit, and a main power supply state signal representing the main power supply connection or abnormality is generated according to preset judgment rules. The specific process is as follows:

[0031] First, the main power supply voltage value at the main power input terminal within the current sampling period is acquired through the power input monitoring unit. The sampling period setting needs to balance response speed and anti-interference capability, and is usually set to an integer fraction of the power supply cycle based on the power frequency and control accuracy requirements. For example, for industrial frequency AC power, it can be set to 10 to 20 milliseconds. During electrical isolation, the main power supply voltage value corresponding to each sampling period is recorded, and the arithmetic mean of these values ​​within a preset time window is calculated. The duration of the preset time window needs to be determined based on the statistical characteristics of power fluctuations, and is usually set to a length that can cover several power supply cycles to effectively smooth out instantaneous spikes or drops in interference, while avoiding excessive delay in state response.

[0032] The timer inside the microcontroller counts the detection time for the main power supply voltage value to meet the corresponding judgment condition. Meeting the corresponding judgment condition means that the average value of the main power supply voltage value is continuously within or outside the preset effective voltage range. The upper and lower limits of the effective voltage range are set according to the rated voltage of the main power supply and the allowable fluctuation range of the main power supply. For example, for a power supply with a rated voltage of U, the lower limit of the range can be set to 90% of U and the upper limit can be set to 110% of U. The specific value of the allowable fluctuation range of the main power supply needs to be determined in conjunction with the power supply quality standard.

[0033] If the average value of the currently calculated main power supply voltage remains within the preset effective voltage range, and the detection duration of this state exceeds the preset access determination duration, then the main power supply is determined to be stably connected, and a high-level main power supply status signal representing the access status is generated. The access determination duration must be set longer than the duration of transient oscillations that may occur during power recovery. Its specific value is determined based on the power supply frequency characteristics, and is usually taken as the duration corresponding to an integer multiple of the power supply's fundamental period, in order to effectively distinguish between transient fluctuations and stable access.

[0034] If the average value of the main power supply voltage remains outside the preset effective voltage range, and the duration of this state exceeds the preset anomaly detection time, the main power supply is determined to be abnormal, and a low-level main power supply status signal representing the abnormal state is generated. The anomaly detection time setting needs to consider the possibility of automatic recovery after a short power interruption, and is usually longer than the access detection time.

[0035] In addition to the two cases mentioned above, when the average voltage fluctuates within or outside the effective range but the duration does not exceed the preset abnormal judgment time, the main power supply status signal at the end of the previous sampling period remains unchanged to prevent frequent changes in the status signal.

[0036] The battery voltage monitoring unit in the isolated control circuit collects battery terminal voltage data in real time and generates battery status signals representing conditions such as qualified battery voltage, undervoltage, or overcurrent warning by combining the voltage change trend. The specific process is as follows:

[0037] The battery voltage is collected in real time by a battery voltage monitoring unit in an isolated control circuit. A battery voltage time series is constructed based on the battery voltage values ​​from a preset number of sampling periods. The preset number of sampling points is chosen to balance the sensitivity and stability of trend detection, and is usually determined based on the battery's dynamic response characteristics. This number covers the time required for the battery voltage to transition from normal to undervoltage. First-order difference processing is performed on the battery voltage time series, which calculates the voltage difference between voltage values ​​corresponding to adjacent sampling periods. The average rate of change of the difference sequence within the time window is taken as the battery voltage change rate. This rate reflects the dynamic trend of battery voltage change; a positive value indicates a voltage increase, and a negative value indicates a voltage decrease. The preset battery voltage threshold is set according to the battery type, rated voltage, and discharge cutoff characteristics, and is usually the discharge termination voltage value provided by the battery manufacturer. The preset discharge rate threshold is determined based on the battery's voltage drop characteristics under rated discharge conditions. By conducting discharge experiments on the battery at different discharge rates, the voltage drop rate corresponding to each rate is obtained. The voltage drop rate corresponding to the maximum allowable continuous discharge rate of the battery is selected as the threshold to identify abnormal overcurrent discharge conditions.

[0038] If the current battery voltage value is higher than the preset battery voltage threshold and the battery voltage change rate is negative, that is, the voltage drops but does not exceed the preset discharge rate threshold, it indicates that the battery voltage discharge is stable and a high-level battery status signal representing the qualified state of the battery voltage is generated.

[0039] If the current battery voltage value is higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, but the battery voltage change rate is negative and exceeds the preset discharge rate threshold, it indicates that the battery is undergoing abnormally rapid discharge. At this time, a high-level battery status signal is generated and an overcurrent warning mark is marked and stored in the microcontroller. This mark can be used for subsequent alarm or protection actions.

[0040] If the current battery voltage value is not higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, and the battery voltage change rate shows a continuous negative trend, i.e. the voltage is continuously decreasing, it indicates that the battery has entered an undervoltage state and is still discharging. A low-level battery status signal representing the undervoltage state is generated, the undervoltage discharge flag is marked, and stored in the microcontroller.

[0041] If the current battery voltage value is not higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, but the battery voltage change rate shows a positive trend, that is, the voltage begins to rise, it indicates that the battery is in the undervoltage recovery stage. Due to the load reduction or charging intervention, a low-level battery status signal representing the undervoltage state is generated at this time, and the undervoltage recovery flag is marked and stored in the microcontroller so that subsequent strategies can identify this special state.

[0042] By combining the preset battery voltage threshold with the battery voltage change rate, the battery status can be accurately identified. This not only distinguishes between normal discharge and overcurrent discharge, but also captures transitional states such as undervoltage recovery, providing richer decision-making information for subsequent linkage control.

[0043] Furthermore, the generated main power supply status signal and the generated battery status signal are input to the low-voltage power supply control unit in the isolated control circuit for combined analysis to obtain a dual-power supply feature vector characterizing the overall operating status of the main power supply and the battery. Based on the sign and magnitude of this feature vector, a corresponding battery protection strategy is generated. The specific process is as follows:

[0044] Establish a quantization mapping relationship between the main power supply status signal and the battery status signal: Quantize the main power supply status signal into a first numerical component A. When the main power supply status signal is high, assign 1; when the main power supply status signal is low, assign 0. Quantize the battery status signal into a second numerical component B: When the battery status signal is high, assign 1; when the battery status signal is low, assign 0. The dual-power supply feature vector is a combination of the first and second numerical components, i.e., dual-power supply feature vector = (A, B), and a preset modulus value is set, with the preset first modulus value being [value missing]. The preset second modulus value is 1, and the preset third modulus value is 0.

[0045] When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is high and its value is the preset first modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is stably connected and the battery voltage is qualified. At this time, a battery protection strategy of giving priority to the main power supply is generated, that is, the main power supply is used first and the battery is in standby or float charging state.

[0046] When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is high, but its value is the preset second modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is stably connected but the battery is undervoltage. At this time, a battery protection strategy of battery power compensation control is generated, that is, the battery is started to supplement the charging of the battery to restore the battery power.

[0047] When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is low and its value is the preset second modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is abnormal but the battery power is sufficient. At this time, a battery protection strategy of power compensation control is generated, that is, the battery continues to supply power and the power supply mode is adjusted according to the load.

[0048] When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is low and its value is the preset third modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is abnormal and the battery power is insufficient. At this time, the battery protection strategy corresponding to the abnormal undervoltage alarm is generated, that is, an alarm signal is issued and preparation is made to execute shutdown or protection action.

[0049] The above-mentioned quantitative classification enables collaborative analysis of the main power supply and battery status, clearly distinguishes the four operating states, and matches corresponding control strategies for each state, thereby improving the intelligent management level and emergency response capability of the dual power supply.

[0050] The battery power compensation control process is executed in an electrically isolated state, and is completed collaboratively by the low-voltage power supply control unit and the charging execution unit in the isolated control circuit. The specific process is as follows:

[0051] First, the current state parameters of the battery are obtained, including: the battery voltage sampling value, which is collected in real time by the battery voltage monitoring unit; the battery temperature value, which is collected in real time by the temperature detection element attached to the battery surface; and the battery historical discharge depth data, which represents the proportion of the battery's rated capacity that has been discharged during the current discharge process. The battery's discharged capacity is obtained by the coulomb counting method.

[0052] Secondly, the base charging current value is calculated by subtracting the current battery voltage sample value from the preset target charging voltage value to obtain the battery voltage deviation value. This deviation value is then multiplied by a preset proportional coefficient to determine the base charging current value. The preset target charging voltage value is determined based on the battery type, rated voltage, and charging characteristics, typically using the constant voltage charging stage voltage value recommended by the battery manufacturer. For example, 2.35V~2.45V / cell for lead-acid batteries and 4.2V / cell for lithium batteries. A larger voltage difference indicates a more severely depleted battery, requiring a larger base charging current; a smaller voltage difference indicates the battery is close to full charge, requiring a correspondingly smaller base charging current. The preset proportional coefficient for this relationship needs to be set comprehensively based on the battery's charging acceptance capacity and the charger's rated output capacity, and is measured in amperes per volt.

[0053] Next, temperature compensation correction is applied to the base charging current. Based on the battery temperature and a preset temperature compensation correction coefficient, the base charging current is adjusted to obtain the compensated charging current value. The preset temperature compensation correction coefficient includes low-temperature and high-temperature compensation correction coefficients, determined based on the battery's charging acceptance characteristics at different temperatures. These coefficients can be obtained from temperature-charging characteristic curves provided by the battery manufacturer or through experimental calibration. The specific compensation rules are as follows:

[0054] When the battery temperature is below the lower limit of the preset operating temperature range, it indicates that the battery is in a low-temperature environment. At this time, the internal chemical reaction rate of the battery decreases, and the charging acceptance capacity decreases. If a large current is used for charging, it is easy to cause irreversible damage such as gas evolution or lithium deposition. Therefore, a low-temperature adaptability compensation is applied to the base charging current value, that is, multiplied by a low-temperature compensation correction factor less than 1, to obtain a compensated charging current value, which is less than the base charging current value.

[0055] When the battery temperature exceeds the upper limit of the preset operating temperature range, it indicates that the battery is in a high-temperature environment. At this time, the battery's internal activity is enhanced, but excessive charging current may lead to the risk of thermal runaway. Therefore, high-temperature adaptive compensation is applied to the base charging current value, which is multiplied by a high-temperature compensation correction factor less than 1 to obtain a compensated charging current value, which is also less than the base charging current value.

[0056] The corresponding charging termination voltage value is determined based on the battery's historical discharge depth data: the deeper the discharge depth, the more electricity the battery has discharged, and the required charging termination voltage is adjusted accordingly to ensure the battery is fully charged without overcharging. This correspondence is established by conducting charging experiments at different discharge depths, recording the charging termination voltage value at which the charged amount equals the discharged amount without overcharging, forming a discharge depth-charging termination voltage mapping table, which is stored for real-time lookup.

[0057] Finally, a charging control command containing the compensated charging current value and the charging termination voltage value is generated and uploaded to the microcontroller via a second optocoupler in the isolated control circuit. Through this multi-dimensional parameter fusion charging control method, fine-grained regulation of the battery charging process is achieved: the base charging current reflects the battery's degree of depletion, temperature compensation ensures the safety of the charging process, and the depth-of-discharge-related termination voltage guarantees the integrity of the charging process. These three factors work synergistically to optimize charging efficiency while ensuring charging safety.

[0058] The power compensation control process involves tiered adjustments based on the remaining battery power and load power requirements to maximize power supply time and ensure the operation of critical loads. The specific process is as follows:

[0059] The system obtains the current load power demand and the remaining battery charge percentage. The load power demand is calculated by collecting load current data in real time using a current detector and combining it with the current voltage value; that is, the load power equals the product of voltage and current. The remaining battery charge percentage is calculated by integrating the battery charging and discharging current over time using the coulomb counting method; that is, the ratio of remaining capacity to rated capacity. Simultaneously, a power supply threshold and a critical power supply threshold are preset. These two thresholds are determined based on the battery's safe depth of discharge and the requirements for power supply reliability. The power supply threshold is typically a higher percentage of the battery's rated capacity, such as 40% to 60%, indicating that the battery is sufficiently charged and can supply power normally. The critical power supply threshold is typically a lower percentage of the battery's rated capacity, such as 10% to 20%, indicating that the battery is about to be depleted and preparations should be made to shut down the load to protect the battery. The interval between the two thresholds is the power reduction operating zone, within which power reduction measures are implemented to extend the power supply time.

[0060] If the remaining battery percentage is higher than the preset power supply threshold, it indicates that the battery has sufficient power to meet the current load requirements. At this time, a power supply switching command is generated, and the switching unit is controlled by the isolated control circuit to switch the power supply status from mains power supply to battery power supply, so that the battery continues to supply power to the load normally.

[0061] If the remaining battery percentage is between the preset power supply threshold and the preset critical power supply threshold, it indicates that the battery level is moderate. Continuing to supply power at the current power level may not be enough to sustain the battery until the main power supply is restored. In this case, the power reduction ratio needs to be determined based on the deviation between the current load power demand and the reference load power demand. The reference load power demand can be preset according to the load design. The power reduction ratio can be calculated using a proportional control method. The power reduction ratio is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the current load power demand and the reference load power demand, divided by the current load power demand, and then multiplied by a proportional coefficient. The calculation result is limited to between 0% and 100%, i.e., power reduction ratio = K × (|current load power demand - reference power demand| / current load power demand), where K is a preset proportional coefficient, ranging from 0 to 1, determined based on the response speed and stability requirements for power adjustment. A larger K results in a faster response but may cause power fluctuations, while a smaller K results in a smoother adjustment. Based on the calculated power reduction ratio, a power reduction operation command is sent to the corresponding load. Through the power reduction operation, the total load power is reduced to near or below the reference load power, thereby extending the battery power supply time.

[0062] If the remaining battery charge percentage is below the critical power supply threshold, it indicates that continued discharge could easily lead to over-discharge and damage. At this point, a pre-shutdown command is generated to initiate the shutdown operation, while the main power status signal is monitored in real time. The system then enters a waiting state. If, during the waiting period, the main power status signal changes from abnormal to active, the shutdown process is immediately terminated, and the system switches back to main power supply. If, before the main power supply is restored, the remaining battery charge continues to drop to the shutdown protection point, a final shutdown is executed, disconnecting the load to protect the battery.

[0063] The aforementioned power compensation control method based on battery level classification enables refined management of the battery power supply process: normal power supply when the battery is fully charged, proactive power reduction to extend power supply time when the battery is moderately charged, and preparation for shutdown and continuous monitoring of mains power recovery when the battery is severely depleted. This classification strategy ensures the continuous operation of critical loads while preventing battery over-discharge damage, thus improving power supply reliability and battery lifespan under emergency conditions.

[0064] When the main power status signal transitions from a low level (indicating a main power failure) to a high level (indicating main power connection), it indicates that the main power supply has been restored. However, the initial stage of main power recovery is often accompanied by voltage instability and waveform oscillations. Immediately switching back to main power at this time can easily impact the load and battery. Therefore, this step analyzes the voltage recovery waveform to identify the oscillation state and determines the optimal switching timing accordingly, achieving smooth, synchronized switching control. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a flowchart corresponding to the linkage switching control provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The specific process is as follows:

[0065] When the aforementioned transition in the main power supply status signal is detected, the main power supply voltage values ​​for the transition moment and subsequent multiple sampling cycles are acquired through the power input monitoring unit in the isolated control circuit to construct a voltage recovery waveform sequence. The duration of this sequence needs to cover the entire oscillation process that may occur after the main power supply recovers. It is usually set according to the characteristics of the power grid and experience. For example, it can be set to continuously collect voltage data for hundreds of milliseconds to several seconds after the transition until the waveform tends to stabilize or the switching decision is completed.

[0066] Extreme point detection is performed on the voltage recovery waveform sequence to identify the peak and trough positions and their corresponding voltage values. The extreme point detection uses a sliding window comparison method, which compares the current sampling point with its two adjacent points. If the current sampling point is greater than both the current and adjacent points, it is a peak; if it is less than both the current and adjacent points, it is a trough.

[0067] Based on the identified peaks and troughs, the voltage difference between adjacent peaks and troughs (i.e., the oscillation amplitude) and the time interval (i.e., the half-cycle) are calculated. Simultaneously, the ratio of the current trough voltage value to the previous trough voltage value is used as the oscillation attenuation factor. This factor reflects the degree of voltage amplitude attenuation during oscillation: if the ratio is less than 1, it indicates that the oscillation amplitude is gradually decreasing and tending to stabilize; if the ratio is close to 1, it indicates that the oscillation continues; if the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the oscillation amplitude is increasing and instability may occur. The upper and lower limits of the preset oscillation attenuation range are determined according to the power supply stability requirements.

[0068] If the oscillation attenuation factor is less than the preset lower limit of the oscillation attenuation range, the oscillation is determined to be in a rapid attenuation state, indicating that the voltage waveform quickly stabilizes. At this time, a power recovery command can be generated at the trough after the next peak of the transition moment to execute the main power supply priority linkage control switch. Selecting the trough time for switching can avoid the impact caused by switching at the voltage peak.

[0069] If the oscillation attenuation factor is within the preset oscillation attenuation range, the oscillation is determined to be in a slow attenuation state, indicating that the voltage waveform is still fluctuating but the overall trend is converging. Further observation is needed. When a negative voltage difference is detected between adjacent peaks and troughs (i.e., the peak is lower than the previous peak and the trough is lower than the previous trough), indicating that the oscillation amplitude has begun to decrease, a power recovery command is generated at the second peak after the transition moment, executing the main power supply priority linkage control switch. The second peak moment is chosen to ensure that the oscillation has indeed entered the attenuation channel, avoiding premature switching.

[0070] If the oscillation attenuation factor is greater than the preset upper limit of the oscillation attenuation range, the oscillation is determined to be in a continuous or divergent state, indicating that the oscillation amplitude increases rather than decreases over time, meaning the voltage fluctuation amplitude is getting larger and larger, indicating that the voltage waveform is unstable and may worsen. At this time, the linkage switching control is suspended, and the voltage recovery waveform is continuously monitored until the oscillation attenuation factor is again less than the upper limit of the oscillation attenuation range, and then the switching conditions are reassessed.

[0071] By employing the dynamic switching strategy based on waveform characteristics and oscillation trends, the switching impact or malfunction caused by voltage instability in the early stage of main power supply recovery is avoided, thus improving the smoothness and stability of the switching process.

[0072] In a backup power supply scenario for a communication base station, the main power supply is operating normally. The power input monitoring unit collects the main power supply voltage, and after mean filtering, confirms that the voltage remains within the valid range and exceeds the access determination time, generating a high-level main power supply status signal. Simultaneously, the battery voltage monitoring unit collects the battery terminal voltage, and after time series analysis, confirms that the voltage is above a threshold and the rate of change is stable, generating a high-level battery status signal. The low-voltage power control unit combines these two signals into a dual-power supply feature vector, determines that the main power supply is connected and the battery is sufficient, and executes main power supply priority.

[0073] When a sudden mains power failure occurs, if the mains power supply voltage deviates from the effective range for more than the anomaly detection time, the mains power status signal will switch to a low level. At this time, although the battery voltage is higher than the threshold, it is changing negatively, and the battery status signal remains high. The combined identification determines that the mains power supply is abnormal but the battery is sufficient, and initiates power compensation control: if the remaining battery power is higher than the power supply threshold, it switches to battery power mode.

[0074] As the battery continues to discharge, the voltage drops below the threshold and continues to change negatively, causing the battery status signal to go low. The combined identification determines that the main power supply is abnormal and the battery is insufficient, generating an undervoltage alarm and entering a pre-shutdown state. At this point, mains power is restored, the mains voltage jumps, and a voltage recovery waveform sequence is constructed. After extreme point detection and calculation, the oscillation attenuation factor is less than the lower limit of the interval, indicating rapid attenuation. Switching is executed at the next trough, and the load smoothly switches back to mains power.

[0075] After the switch is complete, battery power compensation control is initiated: the base charging current is calculated based on the difference between the current battery voltage and the target charging voltage, and compensation correction is performed based on the battery temperature. Simultaneously, the charging termination voltage is determined based on the current depth of discharge, and a charging command is generated to supplement the battery's charge, restoring it to a fully charged standby state. At this point, the entire dual-power supply linkage control process has been fully executed.

[0076] However, high-frequency oscillations are prone to occur during main power restoration, meaning the voltage status signal frequently jumps between high and low levels. Conventional waveform analysis methods cannot accurately capture the switching timing of these high-frequency oscillations, potentially leading to control confusion. Therefore, this step specifically designs an identification and predictive control mechanism for high-frequency oscillation scenarios. The specific process is as follows:

[0077] When the number of times the main power supply status signal alternates between high and low levels exceeds a preset high-frequency oscillation threshold, it is determined that the main power supply is experiencing high-frequency oscillation. The high-frequency oscillation threshold needs to be determined based on the response speed and oscillation frequency range. For example, it can be set to a threshold of more than 10 transitions per unit time, such as 1 second, or more than 5 consecutive transitions, to distinguish between normal fluctuations and abnormal oscillations.

[0078] The main power supply voltage values ​​for each sampling period during the high-frequency oscillation are obtained. Fourier transforms are then performed on these data to convert the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal. Through spectral analysis, the frequency and phase values ​​of the dominant oscillation frequency component are extracted. The dominant oscillation frequency component, i.e., the frequency component with the largest amplitude in the spectrum, represents the main frequency component of the oscillation.

[0079] The oscillation period is calculated based on the frequency of the dominant oscillation component; that is, the period is equal to the reciprocal of the frequency. The position of the current waveform within the oscillation period is determined based on the phase value of the dominant oscillation component; for example, a phase of 0 degrees corresponds to a wave peak, and 180 degrees corresponds to a wave trough.

[0080] Using the last detected peak moment as a baseline, and adding the oscillation period value, the predicted peak moment of the next oscillation period is calculated. A power recovery command is generated at this predicted moment, and power output recovery is executed. This predictive control method avoids voltage instability points during the oscillation process, selecting the expected stable peak moment for switching, thus improving the success rate of switching.

[0081] Finally, the main power status signal after power output recovery is reacquired. If high-level and low-level transitions still occur, indicating that oscillation persists after the switch, it is determined to be uncontrollable oscillation. In this case, stable switching cannot be achieved through predictive control, and a power abnormality alarm must be sent to prompt maintenance personnel to intervene. At the same time, battery power should be maintained or a safety shutdown procedure should be executed to ensure safety.

[0082] By using the above-mentioned high-frequency oscillation identification and predictive control methods, a certain switching capability can still be maintained under abnormal oscillation scenarios, and alarms can be issued in a timely manner when the situation becomes uncontrollable, effectively improving the adaptability and safety of dual power supplies in complex power grid environments.

[0083] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of the present invention is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives.

[0084] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0085] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0089] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0090] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0091] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0092] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect voltage detection data at the main power input terminal and generate a main power status signal that indicates whether the main power supply is connected or abnormal; Collect voltage sampling data at the battery terminal, perform threshold comparison processing, and generate a battery status signal that characterizes whether the battery voltage is qualified or under-voltage. Both the main power input terminal and the battery terminal are connected to an isolated control circuit to realize the detection of the main power input status, the detection of the battery voltage status, and the electrical isolation between the main power supply and the battery. The main power status signal and the battery status signal are combined for status identification to generate a corresponding battery protection strategy. According to the battery protection strategy, the corresponding linkage isolation control is executed. If the main power supply is detected to be in the connected state or to recover from the abnormal state, the linkage switching control with priority to the main power supply is performed. When the main power status signal indicates that the main power is in the connected state, switch to the main power supply state and maintain the linkage isolation control state corresponding to the current battery protection strategy. The linkage switching control process is as follows: If the main power supply is detected to be in the connected state or to recover from the abnormal state, the main power supply voltage detection data at the moment of the jump is obtained through the power input monitoring unit in the isolated control circuit, and a voltage recovery waveform sequence is constructed. Extreme point detection is performed on the voltage recovery waveform sequence to identify the peak and trough positions and corresponding voltage values ​​in the waveform sequence, and the ratio of the current trough voltage value to the previous trough voltage value is used as the oscillation attenuation factor. If the oscillation decay factor is less than the preset lower limit of the oscillation decay range, it is determined that the oscillation is in a rapid decay state. At the trough after the next peak of the transition moment, a power recovery command is generated to execute the linkage control switch with the main power supply as the priority. If the oscillation attenuation factor is within the preset oscillation attenuation range, it is determined that the oscillation is in a slow attenuation state. When the subsequent trough is detected to be higher than the previous trough, the main power supply priority linkage control switch is executed at the second peak moment after the main power supply is in the connected state or after the connection is restored from the abnormal state. If the oscillation attenuation factor is greater than the upper limit of the preset oscillation attenuation range, it is determined that the oscillation is in a continuous or divergent state, the linkage switching control is suspended, and monitoring continues until the oscillation attenuation factor is less than the upper limit of the oscillation attenuation range.

2. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for generating the main power supply status signal is as follows: Obtain the main power supply voltage value at the main power input terminal within the current sampling period, and monitor the electrical isolation process corresponding to the power input monitoring unit in the isolated control circuit; During electrical isolation, the average value of the main power supply voltage corresponding to each sampling period is monitored, and the detection time when the main power supply voltage value meets the corresponding judgment condition is obtained simultaneously. If the average value of the main power supply voltage is within the preset effective voltage range, and the detection time exceeds the preset access determination time, a high-level main power supply status signal representing the main power supply access status is generated. If the average value of the main power supply voltage is not within the preset effective voltage range, and the detection time exceeds the preset abnormal judgment time, a low-level main power supply status signal representing the abnormal state of the main power supply is generated. Except for the two cases mentioned above, the main power supply status signal remains unchanged at the end of the previous sampling period.

3. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for generating the battery status signal is as follows: Obtain battery voltage sampling data within the current sampling period to determine the current battery voltage value, and construct a battery voltage time series based on the battery voltage values ​​of a consecutive preset number of sampling periods; The battery voltage time series is subjected to first-order difference processing to obtain the battery voltage change rate; If the current battery voltage value is higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, and the battery voltage change rate shows a negative trend but does not exceed the preset discharge rate threshold, a high-level battery status signal representing the qualified state of the battery voltage is generated. If the current battery voltage value is higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, and the battery voltage change rate exceeds the preset discharge rate threshold, a high-level battery status signal is generated and an overcurrent warning mark is set. If the current battery voltage value is not higher than the preset battery voltage threshold, and the battery voltage change rate shows a continuous negative trend, a low-level battery status signal representing the undervoltage state of the battery is generated.

4. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The combined state recognition process is as follows: The main power supply status signal and the battery status signal are input to the low-voltage power supply control unit in the isolated control circuit for combined analysis to obtain a dual power supply feature vector. The dual power supply feature vector is used to characterize the overall operating status of the main power supply and the battery. When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is high, and the value corresponding to the dual power supply feature vector is the preset first modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is stably connected and the battery power is sufficient, and a battery protection strategy of giving priority to the main power supply is generated. When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is high, but the value corresponding to the dual power supply feature vector is the preset second modulus value, it is determined that the main power supply is stably connected but the battery power is insufficient, and a battery protection strategy for battery power compensation control is generated.

5. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The combined state recognition also includes: When the main power supply status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is low, and the value corresponding to the dual power supply feature vector is the preset second modulus value, the main power supply is determined to be abnormal and the battery power is sufficient, and a battery protection strategy corresponding to the power compensation control is generated. When the main power status signal in the dual power supply feature vector is low, but the value corresponding to the dual power supply feature vector is the preset third modulus value, the main power supply is determined to be abnormal and the battery power is insufficient, and a battery protection strategy corresponding to the abnormal undervoltage alarm is generated.

6. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The battery power compensation control process is as follows: Under electrical isolation, the current battery voltage sample value, battery temperature value, and battery historical discharge depth data are acquired. The battery historical discharge depth data is used to characterize the proportion of the battery's rated capacity that has been discharged during the current discharge process. The basic charging current value is calculated based on the voltage difference between the sampled voltage value of the battery and the preset target charging voltage value. The base charging current value is compensated and corrected based on the battery temperature value and the preset temperature compensation correction coefficient to obtain the compensated charging current value. When the battery temperature is lower than the lower limit of the preset operating temperature range, the basic charging current value is adjusted for low-temperature compensation. When the battery temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset operating temperature range, the base charging current value is adjusted for high temperature compensation. Simultaneously, the corresponding charging termination voltage value is determined based on the battery's historical discharge depth data. Generate a charging control command that includes the compensated charging current value and the charging termination voltage value, and upload the charging control command to the corresponding charging execution unit.

7. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power compensation control process is as follows: Get the current load power requirement and the remaining battery percentage; If the remaining battery power percentage is higher than a preset power supply threshold, a power supply switching command is generated to switch the power supply state to the battery power supply state. If the remaining battery power percentage is between a preset power supply threshold and a preset critical power supply threshold, then the power reduction ratio is determined based on the deviation between the current load power demand and the reference load power demand, and a power reduction operation command is sent to the corresponding load. If the remaining battery charge percentage is lower than the critical power supply threshold, a pre-shutdown command is generated, and the changes in the main power status signal are monitored in real time.

8. The battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage switching control also includes: When the number of times the main power supply status signal alternates between high and low levels exceeds the preset high-frequency oscillation threshold, it is determined that the main power supply is experiencing high-frequency oscillation. The voltage detection data of each sampling period during the high-frequency oscillation is acquired, and the voltage detection data is subjected to Fourier transform to extract the frequency value and phase value of the oscillation main frequency component. The oscillation period is calculated based on the frequency value of the dominant oscillation component, and the position of the current waveform within the oscillation period is determined based on the phase value of the dominant oscillation component. Based on the last detected peak moment, the oscillation period value is added to calculate the predicted peak moment of the next oscillation period. At the predicted peak moment, a power recovery command is generated to restore the power output. If the main power status signal after the power output is restored is reacquired, and a jump still occurs, it is determined to be uncontrollable oscillation, and a power abnormality alarm is sent.

9. A battery voltage isolation type linkage control device under dual power supply, applying the battery voltage isolation type linkage control method under dual power supply as described in claim 1, comprising: A power supply voltage sensor is used to collect voltage detection data at the main power input terminal and voltage sampling data at the battery terminal in real time. A current detector is used to collect load current data in real time and determine the current load power requirement based on the relationship between load current and voltage. Temperature sensing element, used to collect battery temperature values ​​in real time; An isolated control circuit includes a second optocoupler connected to a transistor and a power supply interface, used to achieve isolated transmission of main power status signals and battery status signals, as well as isolated output of control commands; The microcontroller is used to control the isolated main power status signal, battery status signal, load power demand and battery temperature value, and to perform combined status identification on the main power status signal and the battery status signal to generate a corresponding battery protection strategy. According to the battery protection strategy, the microcontroller outputs corresponding linkage isolation control commands through the second optocoupler.

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