Ground station alignment and pattern generation method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a radiation power threshold of a ground transmitting source and determining a satellite position reference signal, and converting to a ground coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters. Based on the preliminary pointing parameters, a servo mechanism is driven to scan and search for an angle position corresponding to a maximum receiving level, accurate pointing coordinates are determined, and the ground transmitting source beam is accurately pointed to the satellite. In the state that the ground transmitting source beam is accurately pointed to the satellite, the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is determined according to the geographical position information of the ground transmitting source, the satellite-borne radiometer beam is driven to search and adjust, the satellite position is locked, and initial alignment data of the space-earth link are acquired. The radiometer scanning range is extracted from the initial alignment data of the space-earth link, and the radiometer beam is driven to perform search scanning. Therefore, the application improves the accuracy of in-orbit antenna performance evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave remote sensing instrument antenna pattern testing technology, and in particular to a method and system for aligning a ground station with a satellite link and generating a pattern. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave remote sensing technology, with its unique ability to penetrate clouds and the atmosphere, has become an indispensable tool for weather forecasting, disaster monitoring, and environmental exploration. During space missions, microwave remote sensing instrument antennas are exposed to extreme temperature environments for extended periods, especially in geostationary orbit where the temperature difference between sunlit and shadowed areas exceeds 200 degrees Celsius. This drastic temperature fluctuation causes significant thermal deformation of the antenna's reflective surface, directly altering its radiation characteristics. Consequently, radiation pattern data obtained from ground-based temperature tests cannot accurately reflect the on-orbit operational status.

[0003] Traditional anechoic chamber testing of antennas can only simulate standard temperature conditions and cannot reproduce the complex thermodynamic effects in the space environment, resulting in a systematic deviation between the radiation pattern test results and the actual on-orbit performance.

[0004] Existing technologies attempt to utilize natural radiation sources for on-orbit calibration, but face multiple limitations. While radio stars emit stable radiation, their energy intensity is insufficient to meet the small-aperture antenna reception requirements of spaceborne microwave radiometers; the apparent angles of the Sun and Moon relative to Earth are too large, far exceeding the beamwidth of geostationary microwave radiometers, resulting in insufficient spatial resolution; and the planets in the solar system experience unpredictable positional shifts due to their orbital motion, making it impossible to provide stable reference signals during critical observation periods. Space-based transmitter schemes require integrating high-power transmitters and large antennas onto the satellite platform, increasing system complexity and making it difficult to maintain a fixed spatial relationship with remote sensing instruments, leading to difficulties in beam tracking.

[0005] In contrast, ground-based microwave transmitters offer advantages such as a constant geographical location, controllable transmission power, and precise beam pointing. Their narrow beam characteristics can simulate an ideal point source, providing a stable reference benchmark for antenna pattern testing. However, current technologies lack a dynamic alignment mechanism between the ground-based transmitter and the satellite link, cannot address beam pointing offset issues caused by temperature deformation, and have failed to establish a multi-section pattern generation method adapted to the space environment. This results in significant technical obstacles for on-orbit antenna performance evaluation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method and system for aligning ground station and satellite links and generating radiation patterns. It overcomes the beam pointing offset problem caused by temperature deformation, achieves dynamic alignment, and generates multi-section antenna radiation patterns adapted to the space environment, thereby improving the accuracy of on-orbit antenna performance evaluation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for aligning a ground station with a satellite link and generating a radiation pattern, comprising: acquiring the radiated power threshold of a ground-based transmitter and determining a satellite position reference signal, and converting it to a ground coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters. Based on the preliminary pointing parameters, a servo mechanism is driven to scan, searching for the angular position corresponding to the maximum received level, determining precise pointing coordinates, and ensuring that the ground-based transmitter beam precisely points to the satellite. With the ground-based transmitter beam precisely pointing to the satellite, the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is determined based on the geographical location information of the ground-based transmitter, and the onboard radiometer beam is driven to search and adjust, locking the satellite position and acquiring initial alignment data for the ground-to-space link. The radiometer scanning range is extracted from the initial alignment data, and the radiometer beam is driven to perform a search scan. If the received level exceeds a preset threshold, a gain adjustment mechanism is applied to obtain the maximum level pointing position. Based on the maximum level pointing position, a reference attitude is set, scanning data at different azimuth angles is processed, the actual received level sequence is obtained, and the antenna axial reference level is determined. The actual received level sequence is normalized to obtain a relative level distribution, generating multi-section antenna radiation pattern data.

[0008] Secondly, this invention provides a ground station-satellite link alignment and radiation pattern generation system, based on the ground station-satellite link alignment and radiation pattern generation method described above. The system includes: a preliminary pointing parameter acquisition module, a precise pointing coordinate determination module, a satellite position locking module, a maximum level pointing position acquisition module, an actual received level sequence acquisition module, and a multi-section antenna radiation pattern data generation module. The preliminary pointing parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the radiated power threshold of the ground transmitter and determine the satellite position reference signal, converting it to a ground coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters. The precise pointing coordinate determination module is used to drive a servo mechanism to scan based on the preliminary pointing parameters, search for the angle position corresponding to the maximum received level, and determine the precise pointing coordinates, so that the ground transmitter beam precisely points to the satellite. The satellite position locking module is used to determine the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system based on the geographical location information of the ground transmitter when the ground transmitter beam precisely points to the satellite, drive the onboard radiometer beam to search and adjust, lock the satellite position, and acquire initial alignment data for the space-to-ground link. The maximum level pointing position acquisition module is used to extract the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, drive the radiometer beam to perform a search scan, and determine if the received level exceeds a preset threshold. If so, a gain adjustment mechanism is applied to obtain the maximum level pointing position. The actual received level sequence acquisition module is used to set a reference attitude based on the maximum level pointing position, process the scanning data at different azimuth angles, acquire the actual received level sequence, and determine the antenna axial reference level. The multi-section antenna pattern data generation module is used to normalize the actual received level sequence, obtain the relative level distribution, and generate multi-section antenna pattern data.

[0009] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0010] At least one processor; and

[0011] A memory that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor;

[0012] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method as described above.

[0013] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program and instructions, which, when the computer program or the instructions are executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method as described above.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the ground station and satellite link alignment and radiation pattern generation method and system of the present invention solves the problem of beam pointing deviation from design values ​​caused by mechanical installation errors and on-orbit thermal deformation during on-orbit testing of microwave remote sensing antennas by a series of steps, including obtaining preliminary pointing parameters, accurately aligning the satellite, locking the position, acquiring data and generating radiation patterns, thus achieving dynamic alignment; it also solves the problem of differences between the on-orbit radiation pattern and the radiation pattern in the ground test state, generates multi-section antenna radiation patterns in the space environment, and improves the accuracy of on-orbit antenna performance evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for aligning a ground station with a satellite link and generating a radiation pattern, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "target," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0020] To facilitate understanding, the main implementation concepts of the various embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described first.

[0021] In spaceborne microwave radiometers, the antenna radiation pattern under dynamic temperature variations in orbit is difficult to measure accurately, affecting the precise calibration of the detection data. The essence of this problem lies in the fact that the antenna profile and orientation change with temperature, thus influencing the antenna radiation pattern. Current technologies struggle to effectively simulate the actual antenna profile and orientation under space temperature conditions. Because of the difference between the radiation pattern measured at ground temperature and the actual in-orbit radiation pattern, the radiation pattern used for non-main lobe energy correction deviates from the actual in-orbit conditions, ultimately affecting the reliability and calibration accuracy of remote sensing data.

[0022] For example, if the reflector antenna of a geostationary meteorological satellite remote sensing instrument is exposed to the elements, sunlight shines from behind the antenna near noon, while near midnight, sunlight shines from the front of the antenna but is partially blocked by the Earth. With seasonal changes, the latitude of the directly illuminated region varies, and the angle of illumination on the geostationary satellite also changes. Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the sun and the antenna exhibits diurnal and annual cycle variations. The temperature field of the antenna reflector also shows corresponding variation patterns. Consequently, the antenna profile accuracy will change due to temperature variations, and the supporting structure between multiple reflectors will deform to some extent due to temperature changes, leading to changes in the pose relationship between the reflectors. The continuous changes in the reflector profile and pose relationship will cause continuous changes in the on-orbit antenna radiation pattern, differing from the radiation pattern measured at normal ground temperature. Using the normal temperature radiation pattern for calibration calculations will result in deviations from the actual on-orbit radiation pattern.

[0023] If the above problems are not resolved, microwave remote sensing instruments will only be able to use room temperature radiation patterns during data calibration. The difference between the room temperature radiation pattern and the radiation pattern in the actual on-orbit environment will cause changes in the scene brightness-temperature weighting relationship when correcting the non-main lobe energy of the radiation pattern. This will reduce the data accuracy of key applications such as disaster monitoring and forecasting, affect the timeliness and accuracy of decision-making, and ultimately affect the supporting role of microwave remote sensing instruments in operational applications.

[0024] In this regard, such as Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 provides a method for aligning a ground station with a satellite link and generating a radiation pattern, including:

[0025] Step Y100: Obtain the radiation power threshold of the ground source and determine the satellite position reference signal, then convert it to the ground coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters.

[0026] In one implementation, step Y100 may further include:

[0027] Step Y110: Determine the radiation power threshold as the signal acquisition reference level according to the preset equivalent isotropic radiation power calculation formula;

[0028] Step Y120: Extract real-time ephemeris data to obtain the satellite's three-dimensional position coordinates in the space coordinate system;

[0029] Step Y130: The three-dimensional position coordinates are transformed to the station center coordinate system through coordinate system rotation matrix transformation to obtain the azimuth and elevation angles of the satellite relative to the ground station;

[0030] Step Y140: Based on the azimuth and elevation angles, the antenna servo control logic maps them to the rotation angle of the antenna drive motor, thereby achieving the initial alignment of the ground station antenna with the satellite.

[0031] Specifically, the implementation of this invention first requires constructing a ground-based microwave transmitter comprising an antenna feed assembly, a servo mechanism assembly, a transmit channel assembly, and a receive channel assembly, enabling it to transmit a continuous and stable microwave signal that meets the on-orbit antenna testing requirements of a spaceborne microwave radiometer. The antenna feed assembly provides a high-gain pencil beam at the same frequency as the radiation pattern to be measured by the microwave radiometer, while the transmit channel assembly provides the required stable transmit power at that frequency.

[0032] To achieve effective radiation pattern testing, the equivalent isotropic radiated power of the ground-based emission source ( ) Specific link budget requirements must be met. Specifically, The value should be greater than or equal to the sum of the dB values ​​of the dynamic range requirement for the radiation pattern test, the test signal-to-noise ratio, the microwave radiometer feed loss, the microwave radiometer receiver noise power, the ground-to-ground pointing mismatch error, the microwave atmospheric loss, the microwave spatial loss, and the link margin, minus the dB value of the microwave radiometer antenna gain. That is, it should satisfy the following inequality:

[0033] ;

[0034] in, This represents the equivalent isotropic radiated power (dB) of the ground-based emission source. The required dB value for dynamic range testing of the radiation pattern. To test the signal-to-noise ratio (dB). The feed loss (dB) is for the microwave radiometer. This represents the noise power (dB) of the microwave radiometer receiver. The error is the mismatch between the top and bottom orientations (dB). Microwave atmospheric loss (dB). Microwave spatial loss (dB). This represents the link margin (dB). This represents the gain (dB) of the microwave radiometer antenna.

[0035] Determined through the above calculations The value serves as the basis for the design of the transmitter, ensuring that the received signal strength meets the requirements for signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range in subsequent tests.

[0036] After configuring the ground transmitter power, the ground station first needs to initially point the beam in the direction of the satellite. First, define an original reference coordinate system with the ground station as the origin. in The origin of the coordinate system (the geographical location of the ground station (ground microwave transmitter)). The axis pointing towards the local zenith (vertically upwards). As an axis pointing to geographic true north, The axis points to geographic due east. In this coordinate system, the elevation angle of the satellite observed by the ground station is... and azimuth They can be calculated using the following formulas respectively:

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] in, For ground stations to observe satellite elevation angle, For ground stations to observe satellite azimuth angles, The mean radius of the WGS-84 Earth reference ellipsoid is taken as 6378 km. The latitude of the ground station. This represents the difference in longitude between the satellite and the ground station.

[0040] in, The straight-line distance from the Earth's center to the satellite's center of mass:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, The nominal altitude of geostationary orbit (taken as 35786 km) The mean radius of the WGS-84 Earth reference ellipsoid is taken as 6378 km.

[0043] in, The angle between the geocenter pointing to the ground station and the geocenter pointing to the satellite:

[0044] ;

[0045] in, The latitude of the ground station. This represents the difference in longitude between the satellite and the ground station.

[0046] The ground station antenna is adjusted to the theoretical direction indicated by the aforementioned azimuth and elevation angles using a servo mechanism, thus completing the initial pointing. At this point, the ground station antenna is preliminarily aligned with the theoretical direction of the satellite, providing an initial search center for the subsequent precise scanning alignment of Y200.

[0047] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the present invention first accurately calculates and configures the ground-based launch source required by the invention. The value ensured that the link budget met the dynamic range requirements for pattern testing. Based on this, the theoretical pointing angle of the ground station was obtained through coordinate transformation, enabling rapid preliminary pointing of the ground station antenna to the satellite's theoretical position. This laid a reliable foundation for subsequent precise alignment and accurate generation of multi-section antenna patterns.

[0048] Step Y200: Based on the preliminary pointing parameters, drive the servo mechanism to scan, search for the angle position corresponding to the maximum received level, determine the precise pointing coordinates, and make the ground transmitter beam accurately point to the satellite;

[0049] In one implementation, step Y200 may further include:

[0050] Step Y210: Drive the servo mechanism to perform two-dimensional scanning motion according to the preliminary pointing parameters to obtain satellite data transmission signal strength data of each sampling point in the scanning area;

[0051] Step Y220: Construct a two-dimensional signal intensity distribution matrix based on the signal intensity data, and determine the coordinates of local peak points through gradient extremum search;

[0052] Step Y230: Extract the corresponding azimuth and elevation angle values ​​based on the coordinates of the local peak points, and use them as the initial search center to drive the servo mechanism to perform high-density local scanning and obtain the signal level distribution sequence;

[0053] Step Y240: The signal level distribution sequence is processed by polynomial fitting to determine the precise azimuth and elevation angles corresponding to the extreme points of the fitting function.

[0054] Specifically, after obtaining the preliminary pointing parameters and adjusting the ground station antenna to the theoretical azimuth and elevation angles in step Y100, a two-dimensional beam scan needs to be performed centered on this preliminary pointing position to further eliminate the deviation between the theoretical calculation and the actual position. A preliminary pointing coordinate system is then established. ,in The origin of the coordinate system (the geographical location of the ground station (ground microwave transmitter)). This is the theoretical pointing axis of the antenna (pointing to the theoretical position of the satellite). As the reference axis for azimuth scanning, The reference axis for pitch scanning is defined as follows: The coordinate system transformation relationship is:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, The axis pointing towards the local zenith (vertically upwards). As an axis pointing to geographic true north, It is an axis pointing due east geographically.

[0057] Among them, the orthogonal rotation transformation matrix from the ground primitive system to the preliminary system for:

[0058] ;

[0059] in, It is an orthogonal rotation transformation matrix. To bypass The rotation matrix of the axis. To bypass The rotation matrix of the axis. For ground stations to observe satellite elevation angle, To observe the satellite azimuth angle for ground stations.

[0060] Among them, around Rotation matrix of the axis:

[0061] ;

[0062] in, To bypass The rotation angle of the axis.

[0063] Among them, around Rotation matrix of the axis:

[0064] ;

[0065] in, To bypass The rotation angle of the axis.

[0066] Based on this initial pointing position, the servo mechanism drives the ground station antenna to perform a two-dimensional scanning motion in both azimuth and elevation dimensions. To ensure reliable acquisition of satellite data transmission signals, the scanning range is set to ±2.5° in both the azimuth and elevation directions. During the scanning process, the ground receiving channel component (whose operating frequency is designed to match the satellite platform's data transmission frequency) continuously receives data transmission signals from the satellite and measures and records the position of each scanning angle in real time. The signal strength at the location is used to obtain a set of discrete received level data. .

[0067] To determine the precise pointing coordinates, the system directly searches for the maximum value of the received signal level within the aforementioned scanning range, that is:

[0068] ;

[0069] in, This represents the maximum received signal level at the ground station. This represents the received voltage level at the scan point location.

[0070] Let the azimuth offset angle and elevation offset angle corresponding to the maximum received level be respectively... and This set of angle values ​​indicates the slight deviation of the satellite's actual position from its theoretical position. Subsequently, the servo mechanism further adjusts the offset of the ground station antenna from the initial pointing angle to precisely lock the antenna beam onto the satellite.

[0071] After this adjustment is completed, the final alignment coordinate system of the ground station can be established. ,in The origin of the coordinate system (the geographical location of the ground station (ground microwave transmitter)). As the final azimuth reference axis, As the final pitch reference axis, This is the direction pointing towards the main axis of the satellite-to-ground link (i.e., the optimal pointing direction of the ground station antenna).

[0072] From the initial pointing coordinate system The coordinate transformation relationship to the final aligned coordinate system is as follows:

[0073] ;

[0074] Wherein, the orthogonal rotation transformation matrix , To bypass The rotation matrix of the axis. To bypass The rotation matrix of the axis. The elevation offset angle corresponding to the maximum received signal level of the ground station. This is the azimuth offset angle corresponding to the maximum received signal level of the ground station.

[0075] At this point, the ground-based transmitter beam is precisely pointed at the satellite, and the beam's electrical axis is aligned with the satellite-to-ground direction, thus providing a stable reference for the subsequent acquisition and tracking of ground signals by the onboard radiometer.

[0076] In the aforementioned scanning and search process, to further improve the accuracy of determining precise pointing coordinates, after finding the approximate area where the maximum level is located, a local high-density scan with smaller step sizes can be performed centered on that location. Mathematical methods such as gradient extreme value search or polynomial fitting can then be used to refine the local level distribution, thereby filtering out measurement noise and achieving extreme value positioning with sub-sampling point accuracy. Regardless of whether direct maximum value search or subsequent refinement is used, a high-precision pointing angle that meets the requirements of actual engineering can ultimately be obtained, enabling the ground-based transmitter beam to accurately and stably point at the satellite.

[0077] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that, based on the initial pointing in step Y100, the present invention significantly improves the efficiency and robustness of the ground station antenna in accurately pointing to the satellite by establishing an initial pointing coordinate system, performing a two-dimensional wide-range scan, extracting the maximum value of the received level, and establishing the final alignment coordinates through a step-by-step search strategy. This effectively solves the contradiction between search accuracy and search time in traditional methods, and lays a solid foundation for subsequent mutual alignment of ground and space beams and high-precision testing of antenna patterns.

[0078] Step Y300: With the ground transmitter beam precisely pointing at the satellite, the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is determined based on the geographical location information of the ground transmitter. The onboard radiometer beam is then driven to search and adjust, the satellite position is locked, and the initial alignment data of the space-to-ground link is obtained.

[0079] In one implementation, step Y300 may further include:

[0080] Step Y310: Based on the geographical location information of the ground transmitter, the first pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is obtained, and the beam of the spaceborne microwave radiometer is driven to adjust to the first pointing angle to achieve preliminary alignment;

[0081] Step Y320: With the first pointing angle as the center, drive the spaceborne microwave radiometer to perform a two-dimensional scanning motion in the pitch and roll directions to obtain the received signal level data of the ground transmission signal at each scanning position;

[0082] Step Y330: Compare the received level data corresponding to each scanning position during the two-dimensional scanning motion, and determine the pitch angle and roll angle corresponding to the maximum value of the received level as the precise pointing angle;

[0083] Step Y340: Drive the beam of the spaceborne microwave radiometer to adjust to the precise pointing angle, complete the alignment of the space and ground beams and lock the satellite position.

[0084] Specifically, with the ground station beam precisely pointed at the satellite, the satellite's original reference coordinate system is first defined. ,in, It points towards the Earth's center (the direction of the satellite's nadir). To point north of the satellite orbit, This indicates an eastward orientation relative to the satellite's orbit. The satellite's standard attitude angles include roll angle. (around) (axis), pitch angle (around) (axis) and yaw angle (around) (Axis). To calculate the initial pointing of the spaceborne microwave radiometer to the ground station, the azimuth angle of the ground station in the satellite orbital system needs to be calculated using the ground station's geographical location information (longitude, latitude, and altitude). and elevation angle :

[0085] ;

[0086] ;

[0087] in, The theoretical elevation angle for satellite observation ground stations, For the theoretical azimuth angle of the satellite observation ground station, The average radius of the Earth's reference ellipsoid is taken as 6378 km. The distance between the satellite and the Earth's center ( , (Nominal altitude of the geostationary orbit is 35,786 km). The angle between the geocenter pointing to the ground station and the geocenter pointing to the satellite. , This represents the difference in longitude between the satellite and the ground station. This refers to the latitude of the ground station.

[0088] The pointing unit vector of the ground station in the satellite orbital system is:

[0089] ;

[0090] in, This is the pointing unit vector of the ground station in the satellite orbit coordinate system. The pointing unit vector in the satellite orbit system Components on the axis (northward direction of the satellite orbit), The pointing unit vector in the satellite orbit system The component on the axis (eastward direction of the satellite orbit), The pointing unit vector in the satellite orbit system The components along the axis (pointing towards the Earth's center). The theoretical elevation angle for satellite observation ground stations, The theoretical azimuth angle for satellite observation ground stations.

[0091] Using this pointing vector, the standard attitude angle required for the satellite to initially align the beam with the ground station can be directly calculated. For geostationary satellites, the yaw angle remains... Pitch angle Roll angle The satellite platform then drives the microwave radiometer beam to point at the elevation and roll angles, achieving initial alignment with the ground station, which is the first pointing angle.

[0092] To overcome residual pointing deviations caused by potential satellite attitude errors, orbital drift, and atmospheric refraction during initial alignment, a preliminary satellite attitude coordinate system is established with this first pointing angle as the center. .in, To be along the theoretical pointing axis of the spaceborne antenna, The attitude scan reference axis (rotation around it is the rolling direction), and The reference axis for attitude scanning (rotation around it is the pitch direction).

[0093] The coordinate system transformation relationship is as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, This is the initial attitude rotation matrix for the satellite. .

[0096] in, To bypass The basic rotation matrix of the axis, Let X be the fundamental rotation matrix about the X-axis. The elevation angle of the satellite. This is the satellite's roll angle.

[0097] Based on this, the satellite platform drives the microwave radiometer to perform scanning motions within ±2.5° in both roll and pitch directions, with scanning angles of... The microwave radiometer receives microwave signals emitted by the ground-based transmitter at each scanning position and measures and records the received signal level at each position in real time. .

[0098] The system compares all received signal level data obtained during the scan to determine the maximum signal strength.

[0099] ;

[0100] in, This represents the maximum received signal level of the microwave radiometer. The scan offset angle is the direction of satellite roll. The scanning offset angle in the satellite's elevation direction. To scan at an offset angle of The received level of the microwave signal emitted by the ground-based transmitter at the location of the microwave radiometer.

[0101] The maximum pitch and roll angle is This refers to the precise pointing angle, representing the direction in which the beam of the spaceborne microwave radiometer achieves optimal alignment with the beam of the ground-based transmitter. Once this angle is determined, the satellite platform immediately drives the microwave radiometer beam to precisely adjust to this position, completing the mutual alignment of the space and ground beams. At this point, the final alignment coordinate system of the radiometer can be established. ,in, To be along the optimal pointing axis of the radiometer antenna, The final attitude scan reference axis (rotation around it is the rolling direction), The reference axis for the final attitude scan (rotation around it is the pitch direction). Coordinate transformation matrix. ,satisfy:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, This is the rotation matrix for the final alignment attitude of the radiometer (i.e., the transformation matrix from the initial attitude coordinate system of the satellite to the final alignment coordinate system of the radiometer).

[0104] Through the above process, the beam of the spaceborne microwave radiometer and the beam of the ground transmitter are aligned with high precision, and the spatial positional relationship between the satellite and the ground station is precisely locked. This provides a stable and reliable reference attitude for subsequent scanning of each section of the antenna pattern and acquisition of level data, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the initial alignment of the space-ground link.

[0105] Step Y400: Extract the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, drive the radiometer beam to perform a search scan, and determine if the received level exceeds a preset threshold. Then apply the gain adjustment mechanism to obtain the position of the maximum level.

[0106] In one implementation, step Y400 may further include:

[0107] Step Y410: Extract the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link and construct a two-dimensional search matrix corresponding to different azimuth sections and elevation scanning angles;

[0108] Step Y420: Determine the starting position of the elevation scan of the radiometer beam in the current azimuth section according to the two-dimensional search matrix, and drive the satellite platform to make the radiometer beam perform continuous elevation scan from the starting position;

[0109] Step Y430: Obtain the real-time received level corresponding to each angle position of the radiometer during the scanning process, and determine if the real-time received level exceeds the preset upper limit threshold of the receiving dynamic range, then trigger the link gain attenuation adjustment.

[0110] Step Y440: Record the received level data after gain attenuation adjustment compensation at each scanning angle position to form a normalized level distribution and determine the local extreme point position of the received level in each directional section.

[0111] Specifically, after completing the alignment of the ground and space beams and locking the satellite position, the radiation pattern test is performed by finally aligning the radiometer with the coordinate system. This is the baseline attitude. Tests are conducted according to different azimuth sections of the antenna pattern, each section corresponding to a fixed azimuth angle. The yaw angle of the satellite platform is a constant. Synchronized and fixed and equal to that azimuth angle, i.e.

[0112] ;

[0113] ;

[0114] ...

[0115] ;

[0116] in, This represents the total number of azimuth sections. The yaw attitude angle of the satellite in the first sectional plane. The yaw attitude angle of the satellite in the second sectional plane. For the satellite in the The yaw attitude angle corresponding to each cross-section This is the first fixed azimuth section angle of the antenna pattern. This is the second fixed azimuth section angle of the antenna pattern. The first antenna pattern A fixed azimuth sectional angle.

[0117] This allows for the construction of a two-dimensional search matrix covering the target test area, with the two dimensions being discrete azimuth tangent angles. and continuous pitch scan angle within each cross-section .

[0118] During the elevation scan of the aforementioned cross-sections, the ground station signal level directly acquired by the satellite microwave radiometer varies with the elevation scan angle. and azimuth tangent The change, the directly received level can be represented as:

[0119] ;

[0120] in, To directly receive the level, The pitch scan angle, This is the azimuth tangent angle.

[0121] In the scanning of each azimuth section, the microwave radiometer is first adjusted to the yaw angle corresponding to that section by driving the satellite platform. Then, the pitch direction was adjusted to the maximum negative angle required for this section test. This serves as the starting position for the scan. The satellite platform drives the microwave radiometer from... Begin by scanning at a constant speed along the pitch direction until reaching the maximum angle in the positive direction. Scanning via pitch reference values Superimposed offset This is achieved. During the scanning process, the microwave radiometer continuously receives microwave signals emitted by the ground-based transmitter and acquires the direct received signal levels corresponding to each elevation angle position in real time. .

[0122] To prevent receiver saturation and measurement distortion caused by excessively strong signals, the system monitors the received signal level at each angular position in real time during the scanning process. The system also monitors the direct received signal level at a specific position. Exceeding the upper limit of the radiometer's receiving dynamic range Upon activation, the system immediately triggers link gain attenuation adjustment, reducing the received signal level through the variable gain adjustment mechanism of the receiving link, bringing it back to the normal linear operating range. After adjustment, the system synchronously records the corresponding link gain adjustment amount at that location. This is for use in subsequent data compensation.

[0123] After completing the full pitch scan of the current azimuth plane, obtain the values ​​of each element within that plane. Direction corresponding direct receive level and link gain adjustment The original test data was then compiled. Subsequently, the yaw angle was adjusted sequentially. Change the azimuth tangent angle The above pitch scan process is repeated until all predetermined azimuth sections have been traversed. After all scans are completed, the satellite restores its satellite-to-ground alignment attitude: the yaw angle is returned to zero, and the roll and pitch angles are restored to their final alignment values ​​to maintain the stability of the satellite-to-ground link.

[0124] After the test is completed, the direct received signal levels from all azimuth planes and at all pitch angles can be obtained. Link gain adjustment The complete test record dataset is constructed. The real-time level monitoring and gain adjustment compensation mechanism introduced in the above process effectively avoids measurement distortion caused by receiver saturation, ensures the accuracy and integrity of data under high-intensity signal conditions, and provides a high-quality data foundation for subsequent recovery of actual received levels, normalization processing, and accurate generation of multi-section antenna patterns.

[0125] Step Y500: Based on the maximum level pointing position, set the reference attitude, process the scanning data under different azimuth angles, obtain the actual received level sequence and determine the antenna axial reference level;

[0126] In one implementation, step Y500 may further include:

[0127] Step Y510: Construct an attitude reference coordinate system based on the maximum level pointing position, and determine the mapping relationship between the initial attitude reference matrix and the spatial pointing vector;

[0128] Step Y520: Perform coordinate transformation processing on the scan data under different azimuth angles using the initial attitude reference matrix to obtain the corresponding set of spatial pointing vectors;

[0129] Step Y530: Match the set of spatial pointing vectors with the real-time level data of the radiometer receiving link to obtain the receiving level distribution sequence at each angular position;

[0130] Step Y540: Perform gain compensation on the received level data, add link gain adjustment amount, and obtain the actual received level sequence;

[0131] Step Y550: Search for the maximum value of the actual received level sequence and use it as the antenna axial reference level.

[0132] Specifically, after completing the full-range cross-sectional scan and acquiring the cross-sectional angles from each direction... Each pitch scanning angle Corresponding direct receive level and link gain adjustment After assembling the test record dataset, the data is first processed with gain compensation to restore the true signal strength. For each scanning angle position, the actual received level... Determined by the following formula:

[0133] ;

[0134] in, This represents the actual received signal level after gain compensation (representing the true signal strength). This represents the ground station signal level directly acquired by the satellite microwave radiometer at this angular position. This is the amount of link gain attenuation compensation recorded at this location to prevent receiver saturation. Through this compensation process, all gain-adjusted measurements are restored to a uniform linear reference, eliminating the impact of link gain variations on signal strength.

[0135] The compensated actual received signal level data is matched with the spatial pointing information of each measurement point to form a received signal level distribution sequence at each angular position. Specifically, the spatial pointing of each scanning point is determined by the azimuth sectional angle. and pitch scan angle This angular information can be directly used in the final alignment of the radiometer coordinate system. This is described within the framework of [previous framework]. In scenarios requiring higher precision or considering minute attitude changes of the satellite platform, the angle data of each scanning point can be transformed to a unified attitude reference coordinate system using an initial attitude reference matrix to obtain the corresponding set of spatial pointing vectors. This allows for a more accurate establishment of the correspondence between spatial pointing and the actual received signal level. This spatial correlation ensures that each signal level measurement can be accurately mapped to the corresponding angular position of the antenna pattern.

[0136] After obtaining the received level distribution sequence at each angular position, search for the maximum actual received level within the entire test dataset or each angular section. This level is used as the reference level for the microwave radiometer antenna axis. This reference level represents the strongest signal energy response when the ground and sky beams are perfectly aligned and serves as the benchmark for pattern normalization.

[0137] Based on the above analysis, this invention, by superimposing and compensating the direct received level and link gain adjustment in the original test data, first accurately recovers the true received signal strength at each angular position, eliminating the measurement deviation introduced by gain adjustment. Subsequently, the compensated actual received level is precisely matched with spatial pointing information to form a complete and accurate received level distribution sequence. Finally, the maximum actual received level is determined by searching as the antenna axial reference level, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent normalization processing and multi-section antenna pattern generation. This data processing flow effectively ensures the accuracy and reliability of antenna pattern inversion from on-orbit test data.

[0138] Step Y600: Normalize the actual received level sequence to obtain the relative level distribution and generate multi-section antenna pattern data.

[0139] In one implementation, step Y600 may further include:

[0140] Step Y601: Based on the antenna axial reference level, calculate the difference between the actual received level of each cross section and the antenna axial reference level to obtain the relative level distribution;

[0141] Step Y602: Combine the relative level distribution with the spatial pointing information of each cross-section to construct the original data matrix for radiation pattern generation;

[0142] Step Y603: Associate the sectional level value with the attitude reference matrix through spatial coordinate mapping;

[0143] Step Y604 involves converting the function into a continuous level spatial distribution function through interpolation smoothing.

[0144] Step Y605: Draw the elevation axial radiation pattern with the fixed azimuth angle as the condition, and combine them to form the full-space multi-axial antenna radiation pattern data.

[0145] Specifically, after obtaining the actual received level sequences at each azimuth position, the data within each azimuth section are first normalized to eliminate the influence of different measurement conditions or equipment gain differences, ensuring all data are compared under a unified reference. For each fixed azimuth section angle... Within this section, along the pitch scanning angle All actual received levels The data includes the antenna axial reference level determined in step Y500. Using this as a reference, calculate the difference between the actual received level and the reference level at each pitch angle position within the cross-section to obtain the relative level distribution:

[0146] ;

[0147] in, This is the actual received level. This is the maximum value of the actual received level (i.e., the antenna axial reference level). The normalized relative level (dB) is when This indicates that the position is aligned with the antenna's axial response. Negative values ​​indicate deviation from the main lobe; the smaller the value, the weaker the signal. This relative level distribution visually represents the relative attenuation of the antenna's radiation characteristics in different angular directions and is the core basis for generating the antenna pattern.

[0148] After establishing the relative level distribution, the original data matrix can be constructed by combining the spatial pointing information of each section. The spatial pointing of each scan point is determined by the azimuth section angle. and pitch scan angle This angular information can be directly used in the final alignment of the radiometer coordinate system. This is described within the framework of [previous framework]. In scenarios requiring higher precision or considering minute attitude changes of the satellite platform, the sectional level value can also be associated with the initial attitude reference matrix through spatial coordinate mapping, transforming the measurement data into a unified attitude reference coordinate system. This allows for a more accurate establishment of the correspondence between relative levels and spatial pointing, forming a structured raw data matrix that provides standardized input for radiation pattern generation.

[0149] Based on the above data, with a fixed azimuth angle Given the condition, plot the relative levels within this section. With pitch scan angle The corresponding relationship forms a single elevation section antenna pattern:

[0150] ;

[0151] in, For a single elevation view, the antenna pattern function is... This is the normalized relative level (dB). It is a one-dimensional function of the relative level as a function of the pitch scan angle.

[0152] Change the azimuth tangent angle of the orientation pattern sequentially Repeat the above normalization and plotting process to obtain multiple sets of different The corresponding cross-sectional radiation patterns, when combined, form the full-space antenna radiation pattern:

[0153] ;

[0154] in, This represents the total number of azimuth sections. Different azimuth angles are used to cover the omnidirectional scanning range of the satellite antenna.

[0155] To further improve the quality and readability of the radiation pattern, since actual measurements are usually performed at discrete spatial points, interpolation smoothing techniques, such as linear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, or Kriging interpolation, can be used in the above-mentioned cross-sectional radiation pattern formation process to transform discrete level data into a continuous level spatial distribution function. This fills the blank areas between measurement points and effectively smooths measurement noise, ultimately generating continuous, smooth, and high-precision multi-section antenna radiation pattern data.

[0156] Based on the above analysis, this invention obtains a relative level distribution that accurately reflects the antenna's radiation characteristics by normalizing the actual received levels in each cross-section and using the maximum actual received level in each cross-section as a reference. Subsequently, this relative level is precisely correlated with spatial pointing information, and elevation patterns are plotted for each cross-section, ultimately generating a full-space multi-cross-section antenna radiation pattern. With the aid of interpolation smoothing, continuous and complete antenna radiation pattern characteristics can be reconstructed from discrete test data. This complete data processing and inversion process ensures that the data obtained from on-orbit testing can truly and accurately reflect the radiation pattern of the microwave radiometer antenna in the actual space environment, providing a reliable basis for subsequent remote sensing data calibration and system performance evaluation.

[0157] Example 2, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ground station-satellite link alignment and pattern generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, Embodiment 2 provides a ground station-satellite link alignment and radiation pattern generation system, based on the ground station-satellite link alignment and radiation pattern generation method described in Embodiment 1. The system includes: a preliminary pointing parameter acquisition module 201, a precise pointing coordinate determination module 202, a satellite position locking module 203, a maximum level pointing position acquisition module 204, an actual received level sequence acquisition module 205, and a multi-section antenna radiation pattern data generation module 206. The preliminary pointing parameter acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the radiated power threshold of the ground transmitter and determine the satellite position reference signal, converting it to a ground coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters. The precise pointing coordinate determination module 202 is used to drive a servo mechanism to scan based on the preliminary pointing parameters, search for the angle position corresponding to the maximum received level, and determine the precise pointing coordinates, so that the ground transmitter beam precisely points to the satellite. The satellite position locking module 203 is used to determine the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system based on the geographical location information of the ground transmitter when the ground transmitter beam precisely points to the satellite, drive the onboard radiometer beam to search and adjust, lock the satellite position, and acquire initial alignment data for the space-to-ground link. The maximum level pointing position acquisition module 204 is used to extract the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, drive the radiometer beam to perform a search scan, and determine if the received level exceeds a preset threshold. If so, a gain adjustment mechanism is applied to obtain the maximum level pointing position. The actual received level sequence acquisition module 205 is used to set a reference attitude based on the maximum level pointing position, process the scanning data at different azimuth angles, acquire the actual received level sequence, and determine the antenna axial reference level. The multi-section antenna pattern data generation module 206 is used to normalize the actual received level sequence to obtain the relative level distribution and generate multi-section antenna pattern data.

[0158] The various variations and specific examples of the ground station-satellite link alignment and pattern generation method provided in Embodiment 1 are also applicable to the ground station-satellite link alignment and pattern generation system provided in this embodiment. Through the foregoing detailed description of a ground station-satellite link alignment and pattern generation method, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation method of the ground station-satellite link alignment and pattern generation system in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0159] Example 3, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, Embodiment 3 also provides an electronic device 300, which may include a processor 301 and a memory 302.

[0160] Memory 302 is used to store programs. Memory 302 may include volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM), such as static random-access memory (SRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory (DDR SDRAM), etc.; memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory. Memory 302 is used to store computer programs (such as application programs, functional modules, etc. that implement the above methods), computer instructions, etc. The computer programs, computer instructions, etc., can be partitioned and stored in one or more memories 302. Furthermore, the computer programs, computer instructions, data, etc., can be accessed by processor 301.

[0161] The aforementioned computer programs and instructions can be stored in one or more partitions of memory 302. Furthermore, the aforementioned computer programs and instructions can be invoked by processor 301.

[0162] The processor 301 is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory 302 to implement the various steps in the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0163] For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the preceding method embodiments.

[0164] The processor 301 and the memory 302 can be independent structures or integrated structures. When the processor 301 and the memory 302 are independent structures, the memory 302 and the processor 301 can be coupled together via bus 303.

[0165] The electronic device in this embodiment can execute the technical solution in the above method. Its specific implementation process and technical principle are the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] Example 4: Example 4 also provides a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program and instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method of any embodiment of the present invention.

[0167] Computer-readable storage media include various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0168] This embodiment also provides a computer program product, which includes: a computer program stored in a readable storage medium, at least one processor of an electronic device can read the computer program from the readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the solution provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0169] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0170] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation, characterized by, include: The radiation power threshold of the ground-based source is obtained and the three-dimensional position coordinates of the satellite in the space coordinate system are determined. The three-dimensional position coordinates are then transformed to the station-centered coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters. Based on the preliminary pointing parameters, the servo mechanism is driven to scan and search for the angle position corresponding to the maximum received level, and to determine the precise pointing coordinates so that the ground transmitter beam is precisely pointed at the satellite. With the ground-based transmitter beam precisely pointing at the satellite, the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is determined based on the geographical location information of the ground-based transmitter. This drives the onboard radiometer beam to search and adjust, lock the satellite position, and obtain the initial alignment data of the space-to-ground link. The radiometer scanning range is extracted from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, and the radiometer beam is driven to perform a search scan. If the received level exceeds a preset threshold, a gain adjustment mechanism is applied to obtain the position of the maximum level. Based on the maximum level pointing position, a reference attitude is set, scanning data under different azimuth angles is processed, the actual received level sequence is obtained, and the antenna axial reference level is determined. Based on the antenna axial reference level, the actual received level sequence is normalized to obtain the relative level distribution and generate multi-section antenna pattern data.

2. The method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link of claim 1, wherein, The process of obtaining the radiation power threshold of the ground-based emission source and determining the three-dimensional position coordinates of the satellite in the space coordinate system, and then transforming the three-dimensional position coordinates to the station-centered coordinate system to obtain preliminary pointing parameters includes: The radiation power threshold is determined as the signal acquisition reference level according to the preset equivalent isotropic radiation power calculation formula; Extract real-time ephemeris data to obtain the satellite's three-dimensional position coordinates in the space coordinate system; The three-dimensional position coordinates are transformed to the station center coordinate system by the coordinate system rotation matrix transformation, and the azimuth and elevation angles of the satellite relative to the ground station are obtained. The azimuth and elevation angles are mapped to the rotation angle of the antenna drive motor through the antenna servo control logic, thereby achieving the initial alignment of the ground station antenna with the satellite.

3. The method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link of claim 1, wherein, The step of driving the servo mechanism to scan based on preliminary pointing parameters, searching for the angular position corresponding to the maximum received level, and determining the precise pointing coordinates to ensure that the ground-based transmitter beam is precisely pointed at the satellite includes: Based on the preliminary pointing parameters, the servo mechanism is driven to perform a two-dimensional scanning motion to acquire satellite data transmission signal strength data of each sampling point in the scanning area. A two-dimensional signal intensity distribution matrix is ​​constructed based on the signal intensity data, and the coordinates of local peak points are determined by gradient extremum search. Based on the coordinates of the local peak points, the corresponding azimuth and elevation angle values ​​are extracted and used as the initial search center to drive the servo mechanism to perform high-density local scanning and obtain the signal level distribution sequence. The signal level distribution sequence is processed by polynomial fitting to determine the precise azimuth and elevation angles corresponding to the extreme points of the fitting function.

4. The method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link of claim 1, wherein, With the ground-based transmitter beam precisely pointing at the satellite, the process involves determining the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system based on the geographical location information of the ground-based transmitter, driving the onboard radiometer beam to search and adjust, locking the satellite position, and obtaining initial alignment data for the space-to-ground link, including: The first pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system is obtained by converting the geographical location information of the ground source, and the beam of the onboard microwave radiometer is driven to be adjusted to the first pointing angle to achieve initial alignment; Centered on the first pointing angle, the spaceborne microwave radiometer is driven to perform a two-dimensional scanning motion in the pitch and roll directions to acquire the received signal level data of the ground transmission signal at each scanning position; By comparing the received level data at each scanning position during the two-dimensional scanning motion, the pitch angle and roll angle corresponding to the maximum received level are determined as the precise pointing angle; The beam of the onboard microwave radiometer is driven to adjust to the precise pointing angle, thereby completing the alignment of the space-ground beams and locking the satellite position.

5. The method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link of claim 1, wherein, The process of extracting the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, driving the radiometer beam to perform a search scan, and determining if the received level exceeds a preset threshold by applying a gain adjustment mechanism to obtain the location of the maximum level includes: The radiometer scanning range is extracted from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, and a two-dimensional search matrix corresponding to different azimuth sections and elevation scanning angles is constructed. The starting position of the elevation scan of the radiometer beam in the current azimuth section is determined according to the two-dimensional search matrix, and the satellite platform is driven to make the radiometer beam perform continuous elevation scan from the starting position. The radiometer acquires the real-time received level at each angular position during the scanning process, and determines whether the real-time received level exceeds the preset upper limit threshold of the receiving dynamic range, and then triggers link gain attenuation adjustment. Record the received level data at each scanning angle position after the gain attenuation adjustment compensation to form a normalized level distribution and determine the local extreme point position of the received level in each directional section.

6. A method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The process of setting a reference attitude based on the maximum level pointing position, processing scanning data at different azimuth angles, obtaining the actual received level sequence, and determining the antenna axial reference level includes: Based on the position of the maximum level, construct an attitude reference coordinate system and determine the mapping relationship between the initial attitude reference matrix and the spatial pointing vector; The initial attitude reference matrix is ​​used to perform coordinate transformation on the scan data at different azimuth angles to obtain the corresponding set of spatial pointing vectors. The real-time received level is adjusted by gain compensation and superimposed with the link gain adjustment to obtain the actual received level data; The spatial pointing vector set is matched with the actual received level data to obtain the received level distribution sequence at each angular position; After obtaining the received level distribution sequence at each angular position, the maximum value of the actual received level data in each angular section is searched and used as the antenna axial reference level.

7. A method of ground station alignment and pattern generation for a satellite link as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that, The process of normalizing the actual received level sequence to obtain the relative level distribution and generating multi-section antenna pattern data includes: Based on the antenna axial reference level, calculate the difference between the actual received level of each section and the antenna axial reference level to obtain the relative level distribution; The relative level distribution is combined with the spatial pointing information of each cross-section to construct the original data matrix for radiation pattern generation; Based on the original data matrix, an elevation axial radiation pattern is drawn with a fixed azimuth angle as the condition, and the patterns are combined to form full-space multi-axial antenna radiation pattern data.

8. A ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation system based on the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method of any of claims 1-7, characterized by, The system includes: The preliminary pointing parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the radiation power threshold of the ground-based source and determine the three-dimensional position coordinates of the satellite in the space coordinate system, and then transform the three-dimensional position coordinates to the station-centered coordinate system to obtain the preliminary pointing parameters. The precise pointing coordinate determination module is used to drive the servo mechanism to scan based on the preliminary pointing parameters, search for the angle position corresponding to the maximum received level, and determine the precise pointing coordinates so that the ground transmitter beam is precisely pointed to the satellite. The satellite position locking module is used to determine the radiometer pointing angle in the satellite platform coordinate system based on the geographical location information of the ground transmitter when the ground transmitter beam is precisely pointing at the satellite, drive the on-board radiometer beam to search and adjust, lock the satellite position, and obtain the initial alignment data of the space-to-ground link. The maximum level pointing position acquisition module is used to extract the radiometer scanning range from the initial alignment data of the ground-to-ground link, drive the radiometer beam to perform a search scan, and determine if the received level exceeds a preset threshold. If so, a gain adjustment mechanism is applied to obtain the maximum level pointing position. The actual received level sequence acquisition module is used to set a reference attitude based on the maximum level pointing position, process scanning data under different azimuth angles, acquire the actual received level sequence and determine the antenna axial reference level. The multi-slice antenna pattern data generation module is used to normalize the actual received level sequence according to the antenna axial reference level to obtain the relative level distribution and generate multi-slice antenna pattern data.

9. An electronic device, comprising: include: At least one processor; as well as A memory that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It includes computer programs and instructions that, when the computer program or the instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the ground station and satellite link alignment and pattern generation method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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