A powder plasticizing processing device capable of realizing volume compression and expansion cycle

Abstract

This invention discloses a powder plasticizing processing device capable of achieving volume compression and expansion cycles in the field of plasticizing processing equipment technology. The device includes: a shell, within which three processing chambers are sequentially arranged. Each of the three processing chambers includes a volume expansion zone and a volume compression zone. The feeding assembly includes a conduit and a protective cover slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the conduit. This application constructs alternating volume compression and volume expansion zones by sequentially arranging multiple stator units along the material conveying direction within the processing chamber and cooperating with a bladed rotor shaft. Through this cyclic extrusion process of repeated "compression-expansion-recompression" between multiple processing chambers, the powder material continuously undergoes stress loading and unloading, particle rearrangement and deformation, repeated internal gas discharge, and heat exchange, resulting in efficient plasticizing and melting of the powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasticizing equipment, and more specifically to a powder plasticizing equipment capable of achieving volume compression and expansion cycles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most common powder plasticizing equipment, such as single-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders, plunger extruders, and various molding presses, rely on a single mechanical shearing or extrusion action for their working principle. For example, in a screw extruder, powder materials are mainly mixed, conveyed, and plasticized by the shearing force generated by the rotation of the screw. However, this single extrusion plasticizing method easily leads to uneven plasticization of materials. The single shearing or extrusion action, especially when processing mixed powders with multiple components, wide particle size distribution, or large differences in flowability, makes it difficult to achieve uniform mixing at the microscopic level. The shear heat effect may be too high in local areas, leading to material degradation or premature solidification. In areas far from the heat source or with weak shear force, the powder particles may not be able to obtain sufficient heat and mechanical energy, resulting in insufficient plasticization. Furthermore, existing equipment generally uses gravity hoppers for feeding. When the material falls from the hopper into the processing chamber, it is easily affected by equipment vibration, airflow disturbance, or its own agglomeration-collapse effect, generating a large amount of dust. This not only deteriorates the production workshop environment and threatens the health of operators, but also wastes raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a powder plasticizing processing device that can realize volume compression and expansion cycles, which solves the problems existing in the existing powder plasticizing process.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: a powder plasticizing processing device capable of realizing volume compression and expansion cycles, comprising: a shell, wherein three processing chambers are sequentially arranged inside the shell, and each of the three processing chambers includes a volume expansion zone and a volume compression zone; The outer casing contains a rotor shaft, and the outer casing contains three stators for sequentially fitting onto the outer wall of the rotor shaft. The outer wall of the rotor shaft has several mounting slots, and blades are installed in the mounting slots. The blades are respectively located in the three stators. The stators, rotor shaft, and blades constitute a processing chamber. One of the stators has a feed inlet. The rotor shaft drives the blades to rotate, so that the material moves from the volume expansion zone of one stator to the volume compression zone for initial compression. As the rotor shaft continues to rotate, the compressed material enters the volume expansion zone of the adjacent stator for further cyclic compression. The outer casing is provided with a feeding assembly for communicating with the feed inlet; The feeding assembly includes a conduit and a protective cover that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conduit.

[0005] Preferably, the protective cover includes a lower cover and an upper cover, wherein the inner diameter of the upper cover gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0006] Preferably, the protective cover is provided with a flexible partition for covering the outer wall of the conduit.

[0007] Preferably, the protective cover is provided with a storage tank for filling compressed gas, and a piston and a second elastic element connected to the piston are slidably disposed inside the storage tank; The flexible partition is provided with a filling cavity between itself and the outer wall of the conduit, and the protective cover is provided with a connecting groove for connecting the storage tank and the filling cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the storage tank is equipped with a second detector located on the piston's movement path.

[0009] Preferably, the conduit includes a kit and a movable tube and an installation tube respectively inserted at both ends of the kit, wherein the movable tube is slidably inserted into the protective cover; Both the protective cover and the end of the mounting tube are provided with connecting parts.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting tube is provided with a driving component for driving the moving tube to move, and the end of the moving tube is provided with a detection component. The driving component is used to drive the moving tube to move upward when the detection component detects that the height of the material inside the cover is greater than a threshold.

[0011] Preferably, the detection component includes a mounting groove at the bottom of the movable tube, a movable component slidably inserted into the mounting groove, and a first detector disposed in the mounting groove and at the bottom of the movable component.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By sequentially arranging multiple stator units along the material conveying direction within the processing chamber and cooperating with a bladed rotor shaft, alternating volume compression and volume expansion zones are constructed. During operation, the rotor shaft drives the blades to rotate, forcibly driving the material to undergo an orderly physical state cycle within the processing chamber. The material first transitions from the volume expansion zone of one stator to the adjacent volume compression zone, where it is subjected to strong extrusion, achieving initial compression and exhaust. As the rotor shaft continues to rotate, the initially compressed material immediately enters the volume expansion zone of the next stator, where the pressure is instantly released, resulting in relaxation and mixing. Subsequently, the material re-enters the next compression zone for further extrusion. Through this cyclic extrusion process of "compression-expansion-recompression" repeatedly occurring between multiple processing chambers, the powder material continuously undergoes stress loading and unloading, particle rearrangement and deformation, repeated internal gas discharge and heat exchange, enabling the powder to achieve efficient plasticization and melting. 2. By covering the duct with a protective cover, the contact between the powder and the external airflow is effectively blocked, and the dust caused by equipment vibration or internal pressure fluctuations is prevented from escaping outward, thus ensuring the surrounding processing environment and avoiding waste of raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the powder plasticizing processing equipment of the present invention, which can realize volume compression and expansion cycles. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the protective cover and the conduit of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Rotor shaft; 201. Mounting slot; 3. Blade; 4. Feed assembly; 401. Protective cover; 4011. Lower cover; 4012. Upper cover; 402. Conduit; 4021. Moving tube; 4022. Kit; 4023. Mounting tube; 4024. Drive component; 403. Connector; 404. Storage tank; 405. Flexible partition; 406. Mounting slot; 407. First detector; 408. First elastic element; 409. Moving component; 410. Connecting slot; 411. Piston; 412. Second elastic element; 413. Second detector; 5. Stator; 501. Feed inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0016] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A powder plasticizing processing device capable of realizing volume compression and expansion cycles includes: a shell 1, and three processing chambers arranged sequentially from left to right inside the shell 1. Each processing chamber includes a volume expansion zone and a volume compression zone; the volume expansion zone and volume compression zone of the middle processing chamber are respectively connected to the volume compression zone and volume expansion zone of the two side processing chambers. The outer casing 1 houses a rotor shaft 2, which is driven by an external transmission device (such as a motor). The outer casing 1 also houses three stators 5, which are sequentially fitted onto the outer wall of the rotor shaft 2 (each stator 5 has an elliptical groove inside). Several sets of mounting slots 201 are formed on the outer wall of the rotor shaft 2, arranged sequentially along its length. Blades 3 are inserted into each mounting slot 201, with each blade 3 located within the inner cavity of one of the three stators 5 (each stator 5 contains two blades 3, arranged in a staggered pattern). Figure 4 As shown, the two blades 3 can slide relative to each other without obstructing each other (the blades 3 can move inside the mounting slot 201). The blades 3 in adjacent stators 5 are staggered. The stator 5, rotor shaft 2, and blades 3 form a machining chamber. One end of the blade 3 extends to the outside of the rotor shaft 2. There is a gap between a portion of the rotor shaft 2 and the slot in the stator 5. Figure 2 The stator 5 shown (the stator 5 on the left) has a volume expansion area in region b and a volume compression area in region a. The volume expansion area of ​​the middle stator 5 is connected to the volume compression area of ​​the left stator 5, and the volume expansion area of ​​the right stator 5 is connected to the volume compression area of ​​the middle stator 5. A feed inlet 501 is provided on the top wall of the first stator 5 on the left.

[0017] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5 The top of the outer casing 1 is provided with a feeding assembly 4. The feeding assembly 4 includes a conduit 402 and a protective cover 401 that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conduit 402. The end of the conduit 402 away from the protective cover 401 is connected to the feeding area. The protective cover 401 is installed on the top of the outer casing 1 and is connected to the feed port 501.

[0018] It should be noted that the powder material enters the feed inlet 501 through the conduit 402 and the protective cover 401 (the protective cover 401 covers the outlet of the conduit 402 to prevent the powder material from escaping when entering the feed inlet 501; and the conduit 402 extends into the interior of the protective cover 401, making the bottom of the conduit 402 closer to the feed inlet 501, in order to reduce the diffusion of the powder material inside the protective cover 401 and reduce the probability of the powder material adhering to the inner wall of the protective cover 401); the rotor shaft 2 drives the blades 3 to rotate, causing the powder material to flow from... The feed inlet 501 falls into the volume expansion zone. As the rotor shaft 2 rotates, the powder material moves from the volume expansion zone to the volume compression zone for initial compression (at this time, the powder material begins to melt and is initially compacted). As the rotor shaft 2 continues to rotate, the powder material in the left stator 5 is forcibly transported to the volume expansion zone of the middle stator 5, and then enters the volume compression zone. Subsequently, it enters the volume expansion zone and volume compression zone of the right stator 5 in sequence, and finally is extruded from the discharge hole of the end cover, completing the continuous transport of the material and further improving the melting and plasticizing effect of the material.

[0019] It should also be noted that during the rotation of the rotor shaft 2, when the protruding end of the blade 3 moves away from the volume expansion zone and the volume compression zone, the protruding end of the blade 3 contacts the inner wall of the stator 5 and is squeezed into the interior of the mounting slot 201 to achieve contraction. Meanwhile, the other end of the blade 3 will protrude and match the volume expansion zone and the volume compression zone, ensuring that the blade 3 can carry the powder material to move in the volume expansion zone and the volume compression zone. The outer shell 1 is equipped with a heating and cooling system to assist in the processing of the powder material during the extrusion process.

[0020] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 5 The protective cover 401 includes a lower cover 4011 and an upper cover 4012, and the inner diameter of the upper cover 4012 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0021] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 6 The conduit 402 includes a kit 4022 and a movable tube 4021 and an installation tube 4023 respectively inserted at both ends of the kit 4022. The movable tube 4021 can move up and down in the inner cavity of the kit 4022, so that the installation tube 4023 and the protective cover 401 are not affected, and the distance between the bottom end of the movable tube 4021 and the feed port 501 is reduced, which is used to reduce the diffusion range of powder material inside the protective cover 401 and reduce the probability of powder material adhering to the inner wall of the protective cover 401. The protective cover 401 and the installation tube 4023 are both provided with a connector 403 (such as a flange) at the end away from the kit 4022. The two connectors 403 are detachably connected to the outer shell 1 and the feeding area respectively.

[0022] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 6and Figure 7 The mounting tube 4023 is equipped with a driving component 4024 (such as an electric telescopic rod). The moving end of the driving component 4024 is connected to the moving tube 4021. The bottom end of the moving tube 4021 is equipped with a detection component. The detection component includes a mounting groove 406 opened at the bottom of the moving tube 4021, a moving component 409 slidably inserted into the mounting groove 406, and a first detector 407 (such as a pressure sensor) located in the mounting groove 406 and at the bottom of the moving component 409. The first detector 407 is located above the moving component 409. There are two detection methods. The first method is that when the powder material accumulates inside the protective cover 401, as the accumulated powder material gradually increases, when the moving component 409 is pushed upward, the detection component will detect the powder material. When the first detector 407 is pressed, the external control device (PLC controller) receives the information and controls the drive component 4024 to move the moving tube 4021 upward a certain distance (the upward distance is a set value) to prevent the outlet of the moving tube 4021 from being blocked; or, as the accumulated powder material gradually increases, the powder material comes into contact with the first detector 407 at the bottom of the moving component 409, and the pressure on the first detector 407 increases. After receiving the information (the control device needs to continuously receive the information of increasing pressure before controlling the drive component 4024 to work, the duration is a set value, to reduce the probability of error), the external control device (PLC controller) controls the drive component 4024 to work.

[0023] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 7 The top of the inner cavity of the mounting groove 406 is provided with a first elastic element 408 (such as a spring), and the bottom end of the first elastic element 408 is provided with a support block. The first detector 407 is located on the bottom wall of the support block. When the moving part 409 continuously squeezes the first detector 407, the first elastic element 408 will contract to relieve the force and reduce the pressure on the first detector 407.

[0024] Example 2 As a further optimization of Example 1, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The protective cover 401 has a flexible partition 405 (made of rubber) inside. The flexible partition 405 is annular and is connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the conduit 402, covering the outer wall of the conduit 402 inside the protective cover 401; preventing powder from adhering to the outer wall of the conduit 402 and ensuring that the up and down movement of the conduit 402 is not affected.

[0025] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 8A storage tank 404 is provided on the outer wall of the protective cover 401. The storage tank 404 is filled with compressed gas (such as air). A piston 411 is slidably provided inside the storage tank 404. A second elastic element 412 (such as a spring) is provided between the storage tank 404 and the piston 411. The area between the flexible partition 405 and the outer wall of the conduit 402 is a filling cavity. A connecting groove 410 is provided on the side wall of the protective cover 401. The connecting groove 410 is used to connect the storage tank 404 and the filling cavity. The second elastic element 412 provides a thrust to the piston 411, pushing part of the gas inside the storage tank 404 into the filling cavity, which is used to separate the flexible partition 405 and the conduit 402, avoid friction between the two, reduce the wear of the flexible partition 405, and extend its service life.

[0026] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 8 The storage tank 404 is equipped with a second detector 413 (which may be a pressure sensor), which is located on the movement path of the piston 411. When the flexible partition 405 is damaged or a gap is formed between the flexible partition 405 and the conduit 402, causing gas leakage inside the filling cavity, the compressed gas inside the storage tank 404 will be discharged, causing the piston 411 to squeeze the second detector 413, which is used to alert the staff and serve as a warning.

[0027] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder plasticizing processing device capable of realizing volume compression and expansion cycles, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (1) has three processing chambers arranged in sequence inside the outer shell (1), and each of the three processing chambers includes a volume expansion zone and a volume compression zone; The outer casing (1) is provided with a rotor shaft (2), and the outer casing (1) is provided with three stators (5) for sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the rotor shaft (2). The outer wall of the rotor shaft (2) is provided with several mounting slots (201), and the mounting slots (201) are provided with blades (3). Several blades (3) are respectively located in the three stators (5). The stators (5), rotor shaft (2) and blades (3) constitute a processing chamber. One of the stators (5) is provided with a feed inlet (501). The rotor shaft (2) drives the blades (3) to rotate so that the material comes from the volume expansion zone of one stator (5) to the volume compression zone for initial compression. As the rotor shaft (2) continues to rotate, the compressed material enters the volume expansion zone of the adjacent stator (5) for continued cyclic compression. The outer casing (1) is provided with a feeding assembly (4) for communicating with the feed inlet (501); The feeding assembly (4) includes a conduit (402) and a protective cover (401) that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conduit (402).

2. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (401) includes a lower cover (4011) and an upper cover (4012), the inner diameter of which gradually decreases from bottom to top.

3. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (401) is provided with a flexible partition (405) for covering the outer wall of the conduit (402).

4. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective cover (401) is provided with a storage tank (404) for filling compressed gas, and a piston (411) and a second elastic element (412) connected to the piston (411) are slidably provided in the storage tank (404). The flexible partition (405) and the outer wall of the conduit (402) are provided with a filling cavity, and the protective cover (401) is provided with a connecting groove (410) for connecting the storage tank (404) and the filling cavity.

5. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage tank (404) is equipped with a second detector (413) located on the moving path of the piston (411).

6. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conduit (402) includes a kit (4022) and a movable tube (4021) and an installation tube (4023) respectively inserted at both ends of the kit (4022), wherein the movable tube (4021) is slidably inserted into the protective cover (401); The protective cover (401) and the mounting tube (4023) are both provided with connectors (403) at their ends.

7. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting tube (4023) is provided with a driving component (4024) for driving the moving tube (4021) to move. The end of the moving tube (4021) is provided with a detection component. The driving component (4024) is used to drive the moving tube (4021) to move upward when the detection component detects that the height of the material inside the cover (401) is greater than a threshold.

8. The powder plasticizing processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detection assembly includes a mounting groove (406) at the bottom of the movable tube (4021), a movable part (409) slidably inserted into the mounting groove (406), and a first detector (407) located in the mounting groove (406) and at the bottom of the movable part (409).

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