Nickel-based high-temperature alloy applied to communication field and preparation process thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a nickel-based superalloy for use in the communications field and its preparation process. The nickel-based superalloy for communications applications comprises, by mass percentage: 18.0–20.0% Cr, 2.8–3.2% Mo, 1.0–1.5% W, 0.5–1.0% Re, 0.4–0.8% Al, 0.8–1.2% Ti, 4.8–5.2% Nb, 0.01–0.03% La, with the balance being Ni. The nickel-based superalloy and its preparation process provided by this invention for use in the communications field still exhibit excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nickel alloy preparation technology, and more particularly to a nickel-based high-temperature alloy for use in the field of communications and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of informatization and intelligentization, the demand for various high-performance materials in the communications industry is continuously increasing, especially in the fields of communication equipment and base station construction. High-temperature alloys, especially nickel-based high-temperature alloys, have become ideal materials for use in extreme environments in the communications field due to their excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance.

[0003] In the field of communications, equipment and base stations are often exposed to extreme operating environments, such as high temperatures, low temperatures, high humidity, and highly corrosive gases. To ensure the long-term stability and reliability of equipment, especially communication devices operating in high-temperature environments, such as high-power amplifiers, transformers, power supply units, and heat sinks, their materials must be able to withstand the challenges of high temperatures and harsh environments. Therefore, nickel-based superalloys, as a high-performance high-temperature material, are widely used in fields such as communication metals and base station equipment.

[0004] However, with the increasing market demand for high-performance alloys, the existing nickel-based alloy preparation process has several defects and cannot meet the stringent requirements of the communications industry in terms of high-temperature strength, long-term stability, and chemical composition accuracy.

[0005] Currently, the production of nickel-based superalloys mostly employs traditional smelting methods, such as electric arc melting and induction melting. However, these traditional processes still have several problems during production, specifically in the following aspects: Controlling alloy composition is difficult: In traditional smelting processes, it is often difficult to precisely control the alloy composition due to contamination from gases (such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen) and the presence of low-melting-point impurities. Even with the addition of different microalloying elements (such as titanium, aluminum, vanadium, lead, and zinc) during alloying, deviations in alloy composition may still occur, thus affecting the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the final material.

[0006] Poor density: Traditional smelting and casting processes, especially without strict control of gas content and smelting process, make it difficult to obtain dense and uniform ingots, which affects the mechanical properties of the alloy, especially its fatigue resistance and impact resistance under extreme environments.

[0007] Segregation cannot be completely eliminated during forging. In traditional forging processes, many lack effective homogenization and forging treatments, which often leads to the segregation problem in the alloy not being completely resolved. This is a serious defect for nickel-based superalloys that require high strength, high toughness, and high stability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention proposes a nickel-based high-temperature alloy for use in the field of communications and its preparation process.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A nickel-based superalloy for use in the communications field comprises, by mass percentage: 18.0–20.0% Cr, 2.8–3.2% Mo, 1.0–1.5% W, 0.5–1.0% Re, 0.4–0.8% Al, 0.8–1.2% Ti, 4.8–5.2% Nb, 0.01–0.03% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0010] A preparation process for a nickel-based superalloy for use in communications includes the following steps: Step 1: Evacuate the vacuum chamber; add nickel-based furnace charge, including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Re, into the crucible in the vacuum chamber; generate an alternating magnetic field by adjusting the power of the induction coil, which melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, with the molten material flowing in an up-and-down convection manner; heat the molten pool to enter the refining stage to remove impurities; add Al, Ti, and Nb to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying; add La to the crucible to further purify the grain boundaries; preheat the electrode mold, and lower the temperature of the molten pool by adjusting the induction power; pour the molten material in the crucible into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod; Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into an electric arc melting furnace. Then, perform electric arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. Step 3: The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is heated in stages to achieve high-temperature homogenization; the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging start temperature and removed, and then subjected to step-pressing. The ingot is rotated at a certain angle and the step-pressing process is repeated until it is pressed into a square billet; the billet is placed horizontally and the step-pressing process is repeated. The billet is moved and the step-pressing process is repeated until the step-pressing process is completed on all positions of this side of the billet. The step-pressing process is repeated on other sides. Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0011] Furthermore, in step one, the vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, and an induction coil is wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -1 Pa~10 -3 Pa; The casting mold is an electrode mold; In step one, the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current; In step one, the temperature of the molten pool is raised to 1450℃~1520℃ by adjusting the power of the induction coil; the power of the induction coil is further increased to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1560℃~1590℃, and the refining stage is entered, with a refining time of 40~55min. In step one, the electrode mold is preheated to 250-300°C; the temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1440-1470°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage begins. In step one, low-melting-point impurities are transformed from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming.

[0012] Furthermore, in step one, the deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool, and Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. In step one, the alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. In step one, the method for purifying the grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

[0013] The vacuum self-consuming arc furnace is evacuated to 1.0-10 Pa. Before the electrode rod descends, the melting current of the vacuum self-consuming arc furnace is set to 4000-5000A and the target arc voltage is set to 20-30V. During the feeding stage, the melting current is gradually reduced to 1000-1500A.

[0014] Furthermore, in step three, the first stage involves heating to 1000–1150°C and holding for 2–4 hours, while the second stage involves heating at a rate of 30–50°C / h to 1190–1210°C and holding for 12–24 hours.

[0015] Furthermore, in step three, the rated load of the high-speed forging hydraulic press is 2000-5000 t; In the step-pressing process of step three, an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot, and the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is pressed in a step-pressing manner. Then, the automatic radial manipulator is used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot by 15 to 45 degrees, and the step-pressing process is repeated. In the step-pressing process, the forging starting temperature is 1150 to 1180°C, the forging pressure is 20 to 30% of the rated load, and the single pressing rate is 10 to 15%. Further, in the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process of step three, the nickel-based alloy billet is placed horizontally, and an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. A rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to move along this side, and the rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot again until the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is completed at all positions on this side of the nickel-based alloy billet. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to rotate 90°, and the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other side. Then, the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on other sides until the total forging ratio λ≥4. In the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process, the forging temperature is 1050~1150℃, the forging pressure is 80~90% of the rated load, and the single reduction rate is ≥25%.

[0016] Furthermore, in step four, the solution treatment method is as follows: the forged nickel alloy bar is placed in a heating furnace, heated to 1070-1090℃, held for 2.5-3.5 hours, and then rapidly air-cooled after being removed from the heating furnace.

[0017] Furthermore, in step four, the aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the heating furnace to 710-730°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the heating furnace, and continuously hold it at that temperature for 15-17 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a nickel-based superalloy for use in the communications field and its preparation process. The introduced W, Mo, and Re have significant differences in atomic radii, which can cause severe lattice distortion. In particular, Re has a very low diffusion rate, which can effectively suppress the coarsening of precipitates at high temperatures and significantly improve the high-temperature structural stability of the material. The addition of La significantly improves the growth behavior of the Cr2O3 protective film, enhances the adhesion between the oxide film and the metal substrate, and prevents oxide film peeling due to thermal expansion and contraction cycles. La tends to segregate at grain boundaries during high-temperature processes, which can neutralize... It combines with harmful impurities such as sulfur to form high-melting-point compounds, preventing high-temperature brittleness and improving transgranular fracture strength. Furthermore, it thoroughly breaks down and homogenizes the component segregation in the nickel alloy ingot, eliminating electrochemical potential differences at the microscale and inhibiting the initiation of intergranular corrosion and pitting. Secondary refining further effectively removes impurities, ensuring the purity of the nickel alloy. This final nickel-based high-temperature alloy exhibits more stable high-temperature performance, meeting the stringent requirements of the communications field for high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and impact resistance. It is particularly suitable for use in communication base stations and communication metal equipment, providing long-term stable operational assurance. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the procedures should be performed under standard conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products. Example 1

[0021] A nickel-based superalloy for use in the communications field comprises, by mass percentage: 18.0% Cr, 2.8% Mo, 1.5% W, 0.5% Re, 0.8% Al, 1.0% Ti, 5.0% Nb, 0.01% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0022] A preparation process for a nickel-based superalloy for use in communications includes the following steps: Step 1: The vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, with an induction coil wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -2 Pa; the casting mold is an electrode mold; a nickel-based furnace charge is added into the crucible in the vacuum chamber, the nickel-based material including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Fe; the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current, and the alternating magnetic field is generated by adjusting the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1500℃. The alternating magnetic field melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, and the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. Continue to increase the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1580℃, and enter the refining stage to remove impurities. The refining time is 50 minutes. During the refining stage, low-melting-point impurities (including such as Pb, Bi, Sn, Zn, etc.) are converted from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Al, Ti, and Nb are then added to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying. The deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. The alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. La is added to the crucible, and the grain boundaries are then purified. The electrode mold is preheated to 300°C by heating wires on the outer wall of the electrode mold. The temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1450°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage is entered. The molten material in the crucible is poured into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod. The method for purifying grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

[0023] Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into a vacuum arc furnace. Evacuate the inside of the vacuum arc furnace to 5 Pa and perform arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The method of arc remelting is as follows: a conductive head is welded to the top of the electrode rod, and the top of the conductive head is connected to the conductive rod of the vacuum arc furnace; the power supply is turned on, the conductive rod is connected to the cathode, and the water-cooled copper crystallizer is connected to the anode; the vacuum arc furnace is evacuated, and the circulating cooling water device on the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crystallizer is turned on; the melting current and target arc voltage of the vacuum arc furnace are set, the melting current of the vacuum arc furnace is set to 4500A, and the target arc voltage is set to 25V; the electrode rod is driven by the conductive rod to slowly descend, so that the bottom end of the electrode rod contacts the bottom pad of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and is quickly lifted, generating a high-temperature vacuum arc in a tiny gap; a magnetic coil is wound around the outer wall of the circulating cooling water device, so that the molten electrode rod rotates in the molten pool; Under the thermal radiation of the high-energy vacuum arc, the bottom of the electrode rod melts drop by drop; as the droplets fall from the arc zone into the molten pool, the residual gas and impurities undergo secondary vaporization and are discharged from the empty consumable arc furnace; the droplets fall into the bottom of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and solidify. When the electrode rod is about to be consumed, the feeding stage begins, and the melting current is gradually reduced to 1250A. After remelting, the nickel-based alloy ingot is cooled in situ and demolded to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot with a dense structure and uniform composition.

[0024] Step 3: Place the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot in a heating furnace for staged heating. In the first stage, the furnace is heated to 1100℃ and held for 3 hours. In the second stage, the furnace is heated to 1200℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and held for 18 hours. This completes the high-temperature homogenization. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging initiation temperature and removed from the heating furnace. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is then forged using a rapid forging hydraulic press with a rated load of 3000 t. First, an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot, and the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is subjected to step flat pressing. Then, the automatic radial manipulator is used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot by 30°, and the step flat pressing process is repeated. After one rotation, the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is pressed into a square billet. In the above-mentioned step-pressing process, the forging starting temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 25% of the rated load, and the single-pass reduction rate is 10%. Next, the nickel-based alloy billet is placed horizontally, and an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. A rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to move along this side, and the rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot again until the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is completed at all positions on this side of the nickel-based alloy billet. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to rotate 90° (the side of the nickel-based alloy billet to be pressed turns to the other side), and the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other side. Then, the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other sides until the total forging ratio λ≥4. In the above-mentioned step-by-step continuous flat pressing process, the forging temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 80% of the rated load, and the single pressing reduction rate is ≥25%.

[0025] Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment; The solution treatment method is as follows: place the forged nickel alloy bar in a heating furnace, heat it to 1080℃, hold it for 3 hours, and then rapidly air cool it after removing it from the heating furnace.

[0026] The aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the furnace to 720°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the furnace, and hold it at that temperature for 16 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0027] The W, Mo, and Re introduced in step one have large differences in atomic radius, which can cause severe lattice distortion. In particular, Re has a very low diffusion rate, which can effectively suppress the coarsening of the precipitated phase at high temperature and significantly improve the high-temperature structural stability of the material.

[0028] The addition of La significantly improves the growth behavior of the Cr2O3 protective film, enhances the adhesion between the oxide film and the metal substrate, and prevents the oxide film from peeling off due to thermal expansion and contraction cycles.

[0029] During high-temperature processes, La tends to segregate at grain boundaries, which can neutralize harmful impurities such as sulfur, form high-melting-point compounds, prevent high-temperature brittleness, and improve transgrain boundary fracture strength.

[0030] Step three completely breaks down and homogenizes the component segregation in the nickel alloy ingot, eliminating the electrochemical potential difference at the microscale and inhibiting the initiation of intergranular corrosion and pitting corrosion.

[0031] Step four involves long-term aging to precipitate a high volume fraction of nanoscale γ' / γ'' phases in the matrix. The precipitated phases are coherent with the matrix, generating a strong elastic strain field that prevents dislocation slip and climb, thereby providing excellent tensile strength and creep resistance.

[0032] The preparation process of this nickel-based superalloy used in the communications field involves a primary refining step (Step 1) and a secondary refining step (Step 2), which more effectively removes impurities and ensures a very high purity of the nickel alloy. Example 2

[0033] Compared with Example 1, the difference is: 20.0% Cr, 3.2% Mo, 1.5% W, 0.75% Re, 0.6% Al, 0.8% Ti, 5.2% Nb, 0.02% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0034] Everything else is the same as in Example 1. Example 3

[0035] Compared with Example 1, the difference is: 19.0% Cr, 3.0% Mo, 1.25% W, 1.0% Re, 0.4% Al, 1.0% Ti, 5.0% Nb, 0.03% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0036] Everything else is the same as in Example 1. Example 4

[0037] Compared with Example 1, the difference is: 18.0% Cr, 3.2% Mo, 1.0% W, 0.5% Re, 0.4% Al, 1.1% Ti, 4.9% Nb, 0.01% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0038] Everything else is the same as in Example 1. Example 5

[0039] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that: 20.0% Cr, 3.0% Mo, 1.3% W, 0.6% Re, 0.4% Al, 1.2% Ti, 5.2% Nb, 0.02% La, with the balance being Ni.

[0040] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 A nickel-based superalloy for use in the communications field comprises, by mass percentage: 18.0% Cr, 2.8% Mo, 1.5% W, 0.8% Al, 1.0% Ti, 5.0% Nb, with the balance being Ni.

[0042] A preparation process for a nickel-based superalloy for use in communications includes the following steps: Step 1: The vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, with an induction coil wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -2Pa; the casting mold is an electrode mold; a nickel-based furnace charge is added into the crucible in the vacuum chamber, the nickel-based material including Ni, Cr, and Mo; the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current, and the alternating magnetic field is generated by adjusting the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1500℃. The alternating magnetic field melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, and the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. Continue to increase the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1580℃, and enter the refining stage to remove impurities. The refining time is 50 minutes. During the refining stage, low-melting-point impurities (including such as Pb, Bi, Sn, Zn, etc.) are converted from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Al, Ti, and Nb are then added to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying. The deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. The alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. Steps two, three, and four are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Comparative Example 2 Step 1: The vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, with an induction coil wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -2 Pa; the casting mold is an electrode mold; a nickel-based furnace charge is added into the crucible in the vacuum chamber, the nickel-based material including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Fe; the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current, and the alternating magnetic field is generated by adjusting the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1500℃. The alternating magnetic field melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, and the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. Continue to increase the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1580℃, and enter the refining stage to remove impurities. The refining time is 50 minutes. During the refining stage, low-melting-point impurities (including such as Pb, Bi, Sn, Zn, etc.) are converted from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Al, Ti, and Nb are then added to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying. The deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. The alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. La is added to the crucible, and the grain boundaries are then purified. The electrode mold is preheated to 300°C by heating wires on the outer wall of the electrode mold. The temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1450°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage is entered. The molten material in the crucible is poured into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod. The method for purifying grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

[0044] Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into a vacuum arc furnace. Evacuate the inside of the vacuum arc furnace to 5 Pa and perform arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The method of arc remelting is as follows: a conductive head is welded to the top of the electrode rod, and the top of the conductive head is connected to the conductive rod of the vacuum arc furnace; the power supply is turned on, the conductive rod is connected to the cathode, and the water-cooled copper crystallizer is connected to the anode; the vacuum arc furnace is evacuated, and the circulating cooling water device on the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crystallizer is turned on; the melting current and target arc voltage of the vacuum arc furnace are set, the melting current of the vacuum arc furnace is set to 4500A, and the target arc voltage is set to 25V; the electrode rod is driven by the conductive rod to slowly descend, so that the bottom end of the electrode rod contacts the bottom pad of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and is quickly lifted, generating a high-temperature vacuum arc in a tiny gap; a magnetic coil is wound around the outer wall of the circulating cooling water device, so that the molten electrode rod rotates in the molten pool; Under the thermal radiation of the high-energy vacuum arc, the bottom of the electrode rod melts drop by drop; as the droplets fall from the arc zone into the molten pool, the residual gas and impurities undergo secondary vaporization and are discharged from the empty consumable arc furnace; the droplets fall into the bottom of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and solidify. When the electrode rod is about to be consumed, the feeding stage begins, and the melting current is gradually reduced to 1250A. After remelting, the nickel-based alloy ingot is cooled in situ and demolded to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot with a dense structure and uniform composition.

[0045] Step 3: Place the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot in a heating furnace for staged heating. In the first stage, the furnace is heated to 1100℃ and held for 3 hours. In the second stage, the furnace is heated to 1200℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and held for 18 hours. This completes the high-temperature homogenization. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging initiation temperature and removed from the heating furnace. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is then forged using a rapid forging hydraulic press with a rated load of 3000 t. An automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is then subjected to step flat pressing. The automatic radial manipulator is then used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot by 30°. The step flat pressing process is repeated until the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is pressed into a square billet. In the above-mentioned step-pressing process, the forging starting temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 25% of the rated load, and the single-pass reduction rate is 10%. Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment; The solution treatment method is as follows: place the forged nickel alloy bar in a heating furnace, heat it to 1080℃, hold it for 3 hours, and then rapidly air cool it after removing it from the heating furnace.

[0046] The aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the furnace to 720°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the furnace, and hold it at that temperature for 16 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 Step 1: The vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, with an induction coil wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -2 Pa; the casting mold is an electrode mold; a nickel-based furnace charge is added into the crucible in the vacuum chamber, the nickel-based material including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Fe; the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current, and the alternating magnetic field is generated by adjusting the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1500℃. The alternating magnetic field melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, and the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. Continue to increase the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1580℃, and enter the refining stage to remove impurities. The refining time is 50 minutes. During the refining stage, low-melting-point impurities (including such as Pb, Bi, Sn, Zn, etc.) are converted from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Al, Ti, and Nb are then added to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying. The deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. The alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. La is added to the crucible, and the grain boundaries are then purified. The electrode mold is preheated to 300°C by heating wires on the outer wall of the electrode mold. The temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1450°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage is entered. The molten material in the crucible is poured into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod. The method for purifying grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

[0048] Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into a vacuum arc furnace. Evacuate the inside of the vacuum arc furnace to 5 Pa and perform arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The method of arc remelting is as follows: a conductive head is welded to the top of the electrode rod, and the top of the conductive head is connected to the conductive rod of the vacuum arc furnace; the power supply is turned on, the conductive rod is connected to the cathode, and the water-cooled copper crystallizer is connected to the anode; the vacuum arc furnace is evacuated, and the circulating cooling water device on the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crystallizer is turned on; the melting current and target arc voltage of the vacuum arc furnace are set, the melting current of the vacuum arc furnace is set to 4500A, and the target arc voltage is set to 25V; the electrode rod is driven by the conductive rod to slowly descend, so that the bottom end of the electrode rod contacts the bottom pad of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and is quickly lifted, generating a high-temperature vacuum arc in a tiny gap; a magnetic coil is wound around the outer wall of the circulating cooling water device, so that the molten electrode rod rotates in the molten pool; Under the thermal radiation of the high-energy vacuum arc, the bottom of the electrode rod melts drop by drop; as the droplets fall from the arc zone into the molten pool, the residual gas and impurities undergo secondary vaporization and are discharged from the empty consumable arc furnace; the droplets fall into the bottom of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and solidify. When the electrode rod is about to be consumed, the feeding stage begins, and the melting current is gradually reduced to 1250A. After remelting, the nickel-based alloy ingot is cooled in situ and demolded to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot with a dense structure and uniform composition.

[0049] Step 3: Place the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot in a heating furnace and heat it in stages to 1150°C. After the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging starting temperature, it is removed from the heating furnace. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is forged using a rapid forging hydraulic press with a rated load of 3000 t. First, an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot, and the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is subjected to step flat pressing. Then, the automatic radial manipulator is used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot by 30°, and the step flat pressing process is repeated. After one rotation, the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is pressed into a square billet. In the above-mentioned step-pressing process, the forging starting temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 25% of the rated load, and the single-pass reduction rate is 10%. Next, the nickel-based alloy billet is placed horizontally, and an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. A rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to move along this side, and the rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot again until the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is completed at all positions on this side of the nickel-based alloy billet. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to rotate 90° (the side of the nickel-based alloy billet to be pressed turns to the other side), and the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other side. Then, the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other sides until the total forging ratio λ≥4. In the above-mentioned step-by-step continuous flat pressing process, the forging temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 80% of the rated load, and the single pressing reduction rate is ≥25%.

[0050] Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment; The solution treatment method is as follows: place the forged nickel alloy bar in a heating furnace, heat it to 1080℃, hold it for 3 hours, and then rapidly air cool it after removing it from the heating furnace.

[0051] The aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the furnace to 720°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the furnace, and hold it at that temperature for 16 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0052] Comparative Example 4 Step 1: The vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, with an induction coil wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -2 Pa; the casting mold is an electrode mold; a nickel-based furnace charge is added into the crucible in the vacuum chamber, the nickel-based material including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Fe; the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current, and the alternating magnetic field is generated by adjusting the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1500℃. The alternating magnetic field melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, and the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. Continue to increase the power of the induction coil to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1580℃, and enter the refining stage to remove impurities. The refining time is 50 minutes. During the refining stage, low-melting-point impurities (including such as Pb, Bi, Sn, Zn, etc.) are converted from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Al, Ti, and Nb are then added to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying. The deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. The alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. La is added to the crucible, and the grain boundaries are then purified. The electrode mold is preheated to 300°C by heating wires on the outer wall of the electrode mold. The temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1450°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage is entered. The molten material in the crucible is poured into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod. The method for purifying grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

[0053] Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into a vacuum arc furnace. Evacuate the inside of the vacuum arc furnace to 5 Pa and perform arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The method of arc remelting is as follows: a conductive head is welded to the top of the electrode rod, and the top of the conductive head is connected to the conductive rod of the vacuum arc furnace; the power supply is turned on, the conductive rod is connected to the cathode, and the water-cooled copper crystallizer is connected to the anode; the vacuum arc furnace is evacuated, and the circulating cooling water device on the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crystallizer is turned on; the melting current and target arc voltage of the vacuum arc furnace are set, the melting current of the vacuum arc furnace is set to 4500A, and the target arc voltage is set to 25V; the electrode rod is driven by the conductive rod to slowly descend, so that the bottom end of the electrode rod contacts the bottom pad of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and is quickly lifted, generating a high-temperature vacuum arc in a tiny gap; a magnetic coil is wound around the outer wall of the circulating cooling water device, so that the molten electrode rod rotates in the molten pool; Under the thermal radiation of the high-energy vacuum arc, the bottom of the electrode rod melts drop by drop; as the droplets fall from the arc zone into the molten pool, the residual gas and impurities undergo secondary vaporization and are discharged from the empty consumable arc furnace; the droplets fall into the bottom of the water-cooled copper crystallizer and solidify. When the electrode rod is about to be consumed, the feeding stage begins, and the melting current is gradually reduced to 1250A. After remelting, the nickel-based alloy ingot is cooled in situ and demolded to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot with a dense structure and uniform composition.

[0054] Step 3: Place the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot in a heating furnace for staged heating. In the first stage, the furnace is heated to 1100℃ and held for 3 hours. In the second stage, the furnace is heated to 1200℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and held for 18 hours. This completes the high-temperature homogenization. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging initiation temperature and removed from the heating furnace. The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is then forged using a rapid forging hydraulic press with a rated load of 3000 t. First, an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot, and the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is subjected to step flat pressing. Then, the automatic radial manipulator is used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot by 30°, and the step flat pressing process is repeated. After one rotation, the nickel-based alloy remelting ingot is pressed into a square billet. In the above-mentioned step-pressing process, the forging starting temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 25% of the rated load, and the single-pass reduction rate is 10%. Next, the nickel-based alloy billet is placed horizontally, and an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. A rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to move along this side, and the rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot again until the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is completed at all positions on this side of the nickel-based alloy billet. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to rotate 90° (the side of the nickel-based alloy billet to be pressed turns to the other side), and the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other side. Then, the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other sides until the total forging ratio λ≥4. In the above-mentioned step-by-step continuous flat pressing process, the forging temperature is 1150℃, the forging pressure is 80% of the rated load, and the single pressing reduction rate is ≥25%.

[0055] Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment; The solution treatment method is as follows: place the forged nickel alloy bar in a heating furnace, heat it to 1080℃, hold it at that temperature for 3 hours, and then slowly cool it with the furnace after removing it from the heating furnace.

[0056] The aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the furnace to 720°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the furnace, and hold it at that temperature for 16 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

[0057] According to GB / T 228.2-2015 "Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 2: High temperature test method" and ISO 6892-2, an electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine equipped with a high temperature environment furnace was used. After holding the sample at the target temperature of 750℃ for 30 minutes, and waiting for the sample to reach thermal equilibrium, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture and reduction of area of ​​the sample were measured.

[0058] The nickel-based alloy samples obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were prepared as standard scale samples by wire electrical discharge machining. All sample surfaces were progressively polished with metallographic sandpaper up to 2000# to thoroughly remove cutting stress burrs and surface oxide scale, ensuring the integrity and smoothness of the parallel sections of the samples. Three parallel samples were set up for each group for testing, and the final result was the arithmetic mean.

[0059] According to GB / T 4340.1-2009, a digital display micro Vickers hardness tester was used to measure the cross-section of the samples at room temperature. The nickel-based alloy samples obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were prepared as standard proportion samples by wire electrical discharge machining. All sample surfaces were progressively polished with metallographic sandpaper up to 2000# to thoroughly remove cutting stress burrs and surface oxide scale, ensuring the integrity and smoothness of the parallel sections of the samples. Three parallel samples were set up for each group for testing, and the final result was the arithmetic mean.

[0060] According to GB / T 19747-2005 "Corrosion Test Method for Metals and Alloys - High-Temperature Oxidation", the full immersion weight loss method was used for evaluation. Polished samples (20mm × 10mm × 3mm) prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were placed in a molten salt medium (75% Na2SO4 + 25% NaCl) at 750℃ for a continuous 100-hour corrosion test. After the test, surface corrosion products were removed using a chemical descaling method, and the annual average corrosion rate (mm / a) was calculated by weighing and comparing the samples using a precision electronic balance. The test results for each property and corrosion resistance of the samples prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 shows the test results of various properties of the samples prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4. project Tensile strength (MPa) Yield strength (MPa) Elongation after fracture (%) Reduction of area (%) Vickers hardness (HV30) Corrosion rate (mm / a) Example 1 1015 895 21.5 26.4 435 0.008 Example 2 1020 889 21.4 25.8 425 0.008 Example 3 1025 873 21.5 26.7 421 0.008 Example 4 1023 886 21.8 26.4 437 0.008 Example 5 1014 894 21.7 26.2 432 0.008 Comparative Example 1 885 760 14.2 16.8 390 0.042 Comparative Example 2 745 620 11.5 13.2 345 0.035 Comparative Example 3 710 585 6.8 8.2 330 0.055 Comparative Example 4 765 590 19.5 24.2 315 0.022 As shown in Table 1, the tensile strength and yield strength of Example 1 are very high, which is attributed to the Re / La synergistic step-flat pressing process and the step-continuous flat pressing process, which greatly improves the dislocation movement resistance at high temperature; the extremely low corrosion rate of 0.008 mm / a reflects the adhesion of the La-reinforced oxide film (Cr2O3).

[0062] Comparative Example 1 lacks Re solid solution strengthening and La grain boundary purification, resulting in insufficient strength and a significantly increased corrosion rate (the oxide film is easily peeled off).

[0063] In Comparative Example 2, the subsequent step-by-step continuous flat pressing process was missing in step three, resulting in a significantly lower yield strength compared to Example 1. This demonstrates that even with only the step-by-step flat pressing process, the internal structure remains coarse due to the minimal deformation. The data reflects both low strength and low plasticity because the coarse grains are prone to stress concentration during stretching, leading to early fracture.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 omitted the step of hierarchical homogenization. The low-melting-point phase remaining between dendrites softened rapidly during high-temperature stretching and became a crack source, resulting in a reduction of area of ​​only 8.2%. This shows the importance of homogenization treatment in step 3 in ensuring the safety of the material.

[0065] Comparative Example 4 changed the rapid air cooling in step 4 to slow cooling in the furnace. The slow cooling resulted in coarse strengthening phases. Although the plasticity (elongation) was still acceptable, the yield strength and hardness dropped significantly, making it unsuitable for use as a high-temperature structural component.

[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications, characterized in that, The composition, by mass percentage, includes the following components: 18.0–20.0% Cr, 2.8–3.2% Mo, 1.0–1.5% W, 0.5–1.0% Re, 0.4–0.8% Al, 0.8–1.2% Ti, 4.8–5.2% Nb, 0.01–0.03% La, with the balance being Ni.

2. A preparation process for a nickel-based superalloy applied in the field of communications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Evacuate the vacuum chamber; add nickel-based furnace charge, including Ni, Cr, Mo, and Re, into the crucible in the vacuum chamber; generate an alternating magnetic field by adjusting the power of the induction coil, which melts the furnace charge to form a molten pool, with the molten material flowing in an up-and-down convection manner; heat the molten pool to enter the refining stage to remove impurities; add Al, Ti, and Nb to the crucible for deoxidation and alloying; add La to the crucible to further purify the grain boundaries; preheat the electrode mold, and lower the temperature of the molten pool by adjusting the induction power; pour the molten material in the crucible into the casting mold to obtain the electrode rod; Step 2: Remove the electrode rod and place it into an electric arc melting furnace. Then, perform electric arc remelting in a water-cooled copper crystallizer to obtain a nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. Step 3: The nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is heated in stages to achieve high-temperature homogenization; the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is lowered to the forging start temperature and removed, and then subjected to step-pressing. The ingot is rotated at a certain angle and the step-pressing process is repeated until it is pressed into a square billet; the billet is placed horizontally and the step-pressing process is repeated. The billet is moved and the step-pressing process is repeated until the step-pressing process is completed on all positions of this side of the billet. The step-pressing process is repeated on other sides. Step 4: Perform solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.

3. The nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications and its preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the vacuum chamber contains a crucible and a casting mold, and an induction coil is wound around the outside of the crucible; the vacuum chamber is evacuated to 10... -1 Pa~10 -3 Pa; The casting mold is an electrode mold; In step one, the induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field through a medium-frequency induced current; In step one, the temperature of the molten pool is raised to 1450℃~1520℃ by adjusting the power of the induction coil; the power of the induction coil is further increased to raise the temperature of the molten pool to 1560℃~1590℃, and the refining stage is entered, with a refining time of 40~55min. In step one, the electrode mold is preheated to 250-300°C; the temperature of the molten pool is reduced to 1440-1470°C by adjusting the induction power, and the casting stage begins. In step one, low-melting-point impurities are transformed from liquid to gas and discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms dissolved in the molten pool combine to form bubbles and are discharged from the vacuum chamber by vacuuming.

4. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the deoxidation method is as follows: Al and Ti are melted in the molten pool. Al and Ti react with dissolved oxygen in the molten pool to generate Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles, respectively. The molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner. The Al2O3 and TiO2 solid particles float upward and gather on the surface of the molten pool to form slag. In step one, the alloying method is as follows: the molten material flows in an up-and-down convection manner, and the Al, Ti, and Nb that have not reacted with dissolved oxygen are uniformly melted in the nickel matrix, thus completing the alloying. In step one, the method for purifying the grain boundaries is as follows: La reacts with S and O dissolved in the nickel matrix to generate La2S3 and La2O2S, respectively.

5. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the first stage involves heating to 1000–1150°C and holding for 2–4 hours. The second stage involves heating to 1190–1210°C at a rate of 30–50°C / h and holding for 12–24 hours.

6. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the rated load of the high-speed forging hydraulic press is 2000-5000 t; In the step-flat pressing process of step three, an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot, and the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot is subjected to step-flat pressing. Then, the automatic radial manipulator is used to rotate the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot by 15 to 45 degrees, and the step-flat pressing process is repeated. In the step-flat pressing process, the forging start temperature is 1150 to 1180°C, the forging pressure is 20 to 30% of the rated load, and the single pressing rate is 10 to 15%.

7. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process of step three, the nickel-based alloy billet is placed horizontally, and an automatic radial manipulator is used to fix the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. A rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to move along this side, and the rapid forging hydraulic press performs step-by-step flat pressing on the nickel-based alloy remelted ingot again until the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is completed at all positions on this side of the nickel-based alloy billet. The automatic radial manipulator drives the nickel-based alloy billet to rotate 90°, and the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on the other side. Then, the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process is repeated at all positions on other sides until the total forging ratio λ≥4. In the step-by-step continuous flat pressing process, the forging temperature is 1050~1150℃, the forging pressure is 80~90% of the rated load, and the single reduction rate is ≥25%.

8. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the solution treatment method is as follows: place the forged nickel alloy bar in a heating furnace, heat it to 1070-1090℃, hold it at that temperature for 2.5-3.5 hours, and then rapidly air cool it after removing it from the heating furnace.

9. The preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy for use in the field of communications according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the aging treatment method is as follows: preheat the heating furnace to 710-730°C, place the nickel alloy bar in the heating furnace, and keep it at the temperature for 15-17 hours to obtain the final nickel-based alloy.