A construction method for underground waterproofing projects

Abstract

This invention discloses a construction method for underground waterproofing projects, relating to the field of building waterproofing construction technology. It has the advantage of setting up matching waterproofing structural layers according to the different functions of the basement roof slab. The key technical points are: Step 1, waterproofing construction of the basement slab; Step 2, waterproofing construction of the side walls; Step 3, waterproofing construction of the roof slab: After the main waterproof reinforced concrete structure of the basement is accepted, i.e., the basement slab, side walls, and roof slab are all based on the self-waterproofing of the reinforced concrete structure, different composite waterproofing structures are constructed above the basement roof slab structural layer, divided into paving areas, planting areas, and driveway areas according to the roof slab's function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing construction technology, specifically a construction method for underground waterproofing projects. Background Technology

[0002] As the top surface of the underground structure of a building, the basement roof slab usually bears various usage conditions such as the soil covering, greening, paving, and vehicle loads. The reliability of its waterproof structure directly affects the normal use of the underground space and the structural durability.

[0003] However, traditional basement roof waterproofing designs often employ a uniform waterproofing structure without fully considering the differences in load and waterproofing between different areas of the roof.

[0004] For example, paved areas (such as plazas and pedestrian walkways) mainly bear pedestrians and light loads; planted areas (such as roof gardens and green soil coverings) not only need to bear the loads of planting soil and plant roots, but also need to have root penetration resistance to prevent plant roots from damaging the waterproof layer; driveway areas (such as driving roads on the roof of underground parking garages) need to bear frequent vehicle dynamic loads and impacts.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can set up matching waterproof structural layers according to the different functional zones of the basement roof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for underground waterproofing projects, which has the advantage of setting up matching waterproof structural layers according to the different functions of the basement roof slab.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a construction method for underground waterproofing projects, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Waterproofing of the base slab; Step 2: Waterproofing of the side walls; Step 3, Roof Slab Waterproofing Construction: After the main reinforced concrete structure of the basement has been inspected and accepted, i.e., the basement slab, side walls, and roof slab are all based on the self-waterproofing of the reinforced concrete structure, different composite waterproofing structures are constructed on the area above the basement roof slab structure layer according to the roof slab's function, which is divided into paving area, planting area, and driveway area. The waterproofing structure of the paved area, from top to bottom, includes: surface layer and cement mortar bonding layer, backfill layer, polyester non-woven filter layer, hydrophobic board, fine stone concrete protective layer, polyester non-woven isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, foamed concrete slope layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproof structure of the planting area, from top to bottom, includes: planting soil layer, backfill soil layer, polyester non-woven filter layer, drainage board, fine stone concrete protective layer and slope finding layer, polyester non-woven isolation layer, root penetration resistant elastomer modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, cement mortar leveling layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproofing structure of the driveway area, from top to bottom, includes: a concrete surface layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a foamed concrete filling layer, a fine stone concrete protective layer, a polyester non-woven fabric isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane, a cement mortar leveling layer, a foamed concrete slope layer, and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproofing structure of the paved area, planting area and driveway area has a waterproof connection structure at the junction of adjacent zones.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, differentiated composite waterproof structures were designed for the three different uses of the basement roof slab (paved area, planting area, and driveway area). This ensures that the materials and layer combinations of the waterproof layer match the actual needs of each area, such as load, drainage, root resistance, and surface layer. This avoids insufficient waterproofing or material waste caused by a "one-size-fits-all" approach. Waterproof connection structures are set at the adjacent boundaries of the paved area, planting area, and driveway area to ensure seamless connection between different structures, forming a continuous and complete waterproof system for the basement roof slab and eliminating weak leakage zones caused by zonal construction. Waterproofing effect of the paved area: The combination of a drainage board and a polyester non-woven filter layer prevents backfill particles from entering the drainage channel, while the drainage board forms continuous drainage gaps that can quickly guide infiltrated water to the edge drainage system, preventing long-term water accumulation on the top slab and reducing the continuous effect of water pressure on the underlying waterproofing structure. Two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane form a double-layered, fully bonded flexible waterproof barrier. Even if one layer is partially damaged, the other layer can still effectively block water. The underlying foamed concrete slope layer allows rainwater to automatically flow to the drainage outlet, reducing surface water retention. The fine aggregate concrete protective layer can evenly disperse the compressive stress transmitted by the backfill soil and paved surface layer, preventing the upper load (pedestrians, small vehicles, construction machinery) from directly damaging the waterproof membrane. The polyester non-woven isolation layer is located between the protective layer and the waterproof membrane: it prevents the fine aggregate concrete from bonding or chemically reacting with the self-adhesive membrane during the hardening process, and also prevents cracks in the protective layer from directly reflecting onto the membrane. Waterproofing effect of planting area: The root-penetration resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer contains chemical root inhibitors or physical root-inhibiting copper matrix, which can effectively prevent plant roots from growing downwards and piercing the waterproof layer. This is the core difference between planting roof slabs and ordinary roof slabs. The drainage board + filter layer is similar to the paved area, but the water volume in the planting area is greater (irrigation, rainwater). The high compressive strength of the drainage board (≥300kN / m²) can withstand the weight of the planting soil and plants, keeping the drainage channels unobstructed. The protective layer also serves as a slope: it protects the underlying waterproof layer and forms a drainage slope, eliminating the need for a separate slope layer. The polyester non-woven filter layer: allows water to pass through, but prevents planting soil particles from entering the drainage board, avoiding clogging of the drainage layer and maintaining long-term drainage efficiency. The waterproofing structure of the driveway area is effective as follows: The reinforced concrete layer directly bears the dynamic load of vehicles and concentrated wheel pressure, dispersing stress to the underlying filling layer and preventing localized damage to the waterproofing layer; the lightweight and high-strength foamed concrete filling layer significantly reduces the self-weight of the roof slab and also acts as a buffer to absorb energy, mitigating vibrations and impacts generated by vehicle movement; the lower foamed concrete sloping layer creates a slope on the top surface of the structural slab, guiding seepage water towards the drainage ditch; two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproofing membrane have excellent elastic recovery and self-healing capabilities, adapting to minor deformations (deflections) of the roof slab caused by vehicle loads and are not prone to cracking; the leveling layer contains 3% waterproofing agent, improving its own impermeability and preventing water from seeping through the gaps in the cement mortar leveling layer.

[0009] Preferably, in step one, the waterproofing construction of the base slab is carried out in the following order from bottom to top: rock base layer, sand cushion layer, concrete cushion layer, pre-laid reverse adhesive layer of polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane, reinforced concrete structure self-waterproofing layer of the base slab, and surface layer; wherein, the sand cushion layer is 50mm thick, the concrete cushion layer is 100mm thick C15 concrete and is tamped and smoothed as it is poured, and the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane is 1.5mm thick and is constructed using the pre-laid reverse adhesive method.

[0010] Preferably, in step two, sidewall waterproofing construction: the sidewall is a reinforced concrete sidewall structure with a self-waterproofing layer. A cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer is applied to the inner side of the structure, followed by interior surface plastering. On the outer side of the structure, a cement mortar leveling layer, a polyurethane waterproof coating layer, a single-sided self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane composite layer, and an extruded polystyrene board protective layer are applied in sequence, and then plain soil is backfilled. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating has a thickness of 1mm and a usage of no less than 1.5kg per square meter; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DPM15 cement mortar with 3% waterproofing agent added; the polyurethane waterproof coating has a thickness of 1.5mm; the single-sided self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane has a thickness of 1.5mm and is unreinforced; the extruded polystyrene board has a thickness of 70mm and a density ≥300kg / m³. The polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane has a pre-reserved overlap length at the edge of the base plate. The single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane on the side wall overlaps with the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane on the base plate at the corner, and the overlap width is not less than 150mm.

[0011] Preferably, in the waterproof structure of the paved area: The drainage board is 20mm thick, made of virgin HDPE material, with a weight of not less than 1200g / m² and a compressive load of not less than 300kN / m²; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C25 concrete, reinforced with bidirectional steel bars, and has 6m×6m compartment joints; both waterproof membranes are 3mm thick self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membranes; the foamed concrete slope layer is 50~150mm thick with a slope of 0.5%.

[0012] Preferably, in the waterproof structure of the planting area: The drainage board is 20mm thick, made of virgin HDPE material, with a weight of not less than 1200g / m² and a compressive load of not less than 300kN / m²; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C25 concrete, reinforced with bidirectional steel bars, with a slope of 0.5%, a minimum thickness of 70mm, and 6m×6m compartment joints; the root penetration resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer includes a 4mm thick SBS elastomeric modified bitumen layer and a 3mm thick self-adhesive waterproof membrane layer; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DSM15, mixed with 3% waterproofing agent.

[0013] Preferably, in the waterproof structure of the lane area: The concrete surface layer is 50mm thick; the reinforced concrete layer is 200mm thick C30 concrete with internal steel mesh; the foamed concrete filling layer is 300~1100mm thick; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C20 concrete with internal bidirectional steel reinforcement and 6m×6m compartment joints; two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane are both 3mm thick; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DSM15 with 3% waterproofing agent; the foamed concrete slope layer is 50~150mm thick with a slope of 0.5%.

[0014] Preferably, the construction steps for the compartment joint are as follows: S1. Clean the seam: Use a wire brush and scraper to remove loose dust, oil, and residual mortar from the seam; use a blower or compressed air to blow away the dust from the seam and ensure that the seam is completely dry and free of standing water. S2, Set backing material: polyethylene closed-cell foam rod, fill the backing material into the compartment joint to the required depth using a filling device; S3, Sealant Filling: Apply sealant into the compartment joint using a caulking gun; or apply sealant by scraping with a putty knife in two passes, pressing firmly each time. S4, Smooth and surface finish: Use a scraper to smooth the surface into a slightly concave arc or flat surface.

[0015] Preferably, the filling device includes: The pressure rollers that move within the compartment gaps are used to press the foam rods into the bottom of the compartment gaps; The rotating roller, the placement cylinder sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller and wound with foam rods, the receiving box for collecting the released foam rods, and the output component for gradually outputting the foam rods in the receiving box, wherein the bottom of the receiving box is provided with a walking mechanism, the walking mechanism is connected to the pressure roller through a connecting component, and the walking mechanism drives the output component to work together when it moves. The walking mechanism is also used to gradually release the foam rods on the rotating rollers. After the output component gradually outputs the foam rods from the receiving box, they are pressed into the compartment gap by the pressure roller.

[0016] Preferably, the walking mechanism includes two L-shaped mounting plates disposed at the bottom of the receiving box, used to lift the bottom of the receiving box away from the compartment gap, and each of the mounting plates has a walking wheel rotatably connected to its vertical surface via a drive rod; The output component includes a drive wheel coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the drive rods, and an upper transmission roller and a lower transmission roller rotatably disposed above the receiving box. The outer walls of the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are coaxially fixedly connected to an upper guide wheel and a lower guide wheel. The outer wall of the lower guide wheel is provided with an annular guide groove through which the foam rod passes. The diameter of the circle at the bottom of the guide groove is equal to the diameter of the drive wheel. The upper guide wheel is buoyantly mounted on the receiving box via a spring assembly, pressing the foam rod into the guide groove of the lower guide wheel; the foam rod automatically falls into the guide groove of the lower guide wheel under the action of gravity, and after being pressed by the upper guide wheel, it is driven forward by the lower guide wheel. One end of the lower conveyor roller is connected to a drive wheel via a gear assembly, and one end of the rotating roller is coaxially fixedly connected to a transition wheel. The drive wheel, transition wheel, and drive wheel are connected by an annular transmission bar. The diameter of each wheel in the drive wheel, transition wheel, drive wheel, and gear assembly is the same, and the number of teeth is equal.

[0017] Preferably, the connector includes a slanted rod rotatably connected to the pressure roller, a connecting rod disposed on the outer wall of the receiving box and fixedly connected to the slanted rod, and a drive handle fixedly connected to the upper end of the slanted rod for the user to push the slanted rod to move.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Differentiated composite waterproof structures are designed for the three different uses of the basement roof slab (paved area, planting area, and driveway area), so that the materials and layer combinations of the waterproof layer are matched with the actual needs of each area such as load, drainage, root resistance, and surface layer. This avoids insufficient waterproofing or material waste caused by a "one-size-fits-all" approach. Waterproof connection structures are set at the adjacent boundaries of the paved area, planting area, and driveway area to ensure seamless connection between different structures, forming a continuous and complete waterproof whole for the basement roof slab, and eliminating weak leakage zones caused by zonal construction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of the compartment joint in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the filling device in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the orientation of the foam rod in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the placement cylinder and the rotating roller in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the compression spring in this embodiment.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Pressure roller; 11. Rotary roller; 111. Protrusion; 112. Transition roller; 12. Placement cylinder; 13. Receiving box; 131. Vertical plate one; 132. Mounting plate; 133. Traveling wheel; 134. Drive wheel; 135. Upper transmission roller; 1351. Upper guide wheel; 136. Lower transmission roller; 1361. Lower guide wheel; 1362. Guide groove; 137. Vertical plate two; 138. Slider; 139. Slide groove; 1391. Compression spring; 1392. Lower limit block; 14. Drive wheel; 141. Transmission gear; 142. Drive shaft; 143. Intermediate gear; 15. Circular transmission bar; 16. Diagonal bar; 161. Connecting rod; 162. Drive handle; 2. Compartmentalization seam. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] A construction method for underground waterproofing projects, such as Figure 1 This includes the following steps: The basement floor, side walls, and roof slab are all constructed on a reinforced concrete self-waterproofing layer, and then construction is carried out on this foundation. Step 1, Waterproofing of the base slab: From bottom to top, the following layers are constructed in sequence: rock base layer, sand cushion layer, concrete cushion layer, pre-laid reverse adhesive layer of polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane, reinforced concrete structure self-waterproofing layer of the base slab, and surface layer; among them, the sand cushion layer is 50mm thick, the concrete cushion layer is 100mm thick C15 concrete and is tamped and smoothed as it is poured, and the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane is 1.5mm thick and is constructed using the pre-laid reverse adhesive method.

[0024] "Smoothing immediately after tamping" means that after the concrete is poured ("tamping" means vibrating to make it dense), it is immediately smoothed and polished, rather than waiting for the concrete to initially set before applying the surface layer separately. This ensures that the surface is flat, smooth, and dense, improves wear resistance and waterproofing effect, and also facilitates the subsequent laying of waterproof membrane.

[0025] Step 2, side wall waterproofing construction: The side wall is a reinforced concrete side wall structure with a self-waterproofing layer. A cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer is applied to the inside of the structure, followed by interior surface plastering. On the outside of the structure, a cement mortar leveling layer, a polyurethane waterproof coating layer, a single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane composite layer, and an extruded polystyrene board protective layer are applied in sequence, and then plain soil is backfilled. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating has a thickness of 1mm and a usage of no less than 1.5kg per square meter; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DPM15 cement mortar with 3% waterproofing agent added, which is SY-K type expanding fiber anti-cracking waterproofing agent; the polyurethane waterproof coating has a thickness of 1.5mm; the single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane has a thickness of 1.5mm and is unreinforced; the extruded polystyrene board has a thickness of 70mm and a density ≥300kg / m³. The polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane on the base plate has a pre-existing overlap length at the edge of the base plate. The single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane on the side wall overlaps with the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane on the base plate at the corner, and the overlap width is not less than 150mm.

[0026] Step 3, Roof Slab Waterproofing Construction: After the main reinforced concrete structure of the basement has been inspected and accepted, i.e., the basement slab, side walls, and roof slab are all based on the self-waterproofing of the reinforced concrete structure, different composite waterproofing structures are constructed on the area above the basement roof slab structure layer according to the roof slab's function, which is divided into paving area, planting area, and driveway area. The waterproofing structure of the paved area, from top to bottom, includes: surface layer and cement mortar bonding layer, backfill layer, and 200g / m³ waterproofing layer. 2 Polyester nonwoven filter layer, hydrophobic board, fine stone concrete protective layer, one polyester nonwoven isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, foamed concrete slope layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The surface layer and cement mortar bonding layer are specifically as follows: 30mm thick DP M20 cement mortar, 50mm thick plaza brick surface layer; 20mm thick drainage board, made of virgin HDPE material, with a weight of not less than 1200g / m² and a compressive load of not less than 300kN / m²; 70mm thick fine stone concrete protective layer of C25 concrete, reinforced with Φ6 steel bars @ 200 bidirectional steel bars, and 6m×6m compartment joints; two layers of waterproof membrane, both 3mm thick self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane; and a foamed concrete slope-finding layer with a thickness of 50~150mm and a slope of 0.5%.

[0027] Among them, Φ6 steel bars @200 bidirectional steel bars: means that the diameter of the steel bars is 6mm and the distance between each two adjacent steel bars is 200mm. Bidirectional: means that they are arranged in two mutually perpendicular directions (usually horizontal and vertical directions, or along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the top slab) at @200 to form a steel mesh.

[0028] Set a 6m×6m partition joint: This refers to setting a partition joint every 6 meters (6 meters in both the longitudinal and transverse directions) during the construction of the fine stone concrete protective layer, dividing the large area of ​​concrete layer into several small blocks (each small block is a 6m×6m square).

[0029] The waterproofing structure of the planting area, from top to bottom, includes: planting soil layer, backfill soil layer, and 200g / m³ waterproofing layer. 2 Polyester nonwoven filter layer, hydrophobic board, fine stone concrete protective layer and slope leveling layer, one polyester nonwoven isolation layer, root penetration resistant elastomer modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, cement mortar leveling layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The structure includes a 300-1100mm thick lightweight planting soil layer with a 20mm thick drainage board, made of virgin HDPE material, weighing no less than 1200g / m², and with a compressive load of no less than 300kN / m²; a 70mm thick fine aggregate concrete protective layer of C25 concrete reinforced with Φ6 steel bars @ 300 bidirectional steel bars, a slope of 0.5%, a minimum thickness of 70mm, and 6m×6m compartment joints; a root-penetration resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer consisting of a 4mm thick SBS elastomeric modified bitumen layer and a 3mm thick self-adhesive waterproof membrane layer; and a 20mm thick cement mortar leveling layer of DSM15 mixed with 3% waterproofing agent, which is a SY-K type expandable fiber anti-cracking waterproofing agent.

[0030] The waterproofing structure of the driveway area, from top to bottom, includes: a concrete surface layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a foamed concrete filling layer, a fine stone concrete protective layer, a polyester non-woven fabric isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane, a cement mortar leveling layer, a foamed concrete slope layer, and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The concrete surface layer is 50mm thick; the reinforced concrete layer is 200mm thick C30 concrete with Φ6@200 steel mesh reinforcement; the foamed concrete filling layer is 300~1100mm thick; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C20 concrete with Φ6@200 bidirectional steel reinforcement reinforcement and 6m×6m compartment joints; two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane are both 3mm thick; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DSM15 with 3% waterproofing agent, which is SY-K type expansion fiber anti-cracking waterproofing agent; the foamed concrete slope layer is 50~150mm thick with a slope of 0.5%.

[0031] The waterproofing construction of the paved area, planting area, and driveway area features a waterproof connection structure at the junction of adjacent zones. This connection structure involves the waterproof membranes of the paved area, planting area, and driveway area overlapping at these junctions. Specifically, the two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane in the paved area, the root-penetration-resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane in the planting area, and the two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane in the driveway area all have pre-reserved overlap lengths at their edges. The overlap width of the waterproof membrane layers in adjacent zones is no less than 150mm, and compatible adhesives or hot air welding can be used to achieve a continuous waterproof layer between different functional membranes, ensuring a seamless waterproofing system for the entire roof slab. If there may be elevation differences between zones, a transition slope or retaining wall is set at the junction, and the waterproof membrane is laid along the transition slope or retaining wall until the waterproof membranes of the two adjacent zones overlap.

[0032] Differentiated composite waterproof structures were designed for the three different uses of the basement roof slab (paved area, planting area, and driveway area). This ensured that the materials and layer combinations of the waterproof layer matched the actual needs of each area in terms of load, drainage, root resistance, and surface layer, avoiding insufficient waterproofing or material waste caused by a "one-size-fits-all" approach. Waterproof connection structures were set at the adjacent boundaries of the paved area, planting area, and driveway area to ensure seamless connection between different structures, forming a continuous and complete waterproof whole for the basement roof slab, and eliminating weak leakage zones caused by zonal construction. Waterproofing effect of the paved area: The combination of a drainage board and a polyester non-woven filter layer prevents backfill particles from entering the drainage channel, while the drainage board forms continuous drainage gaps that can quickly guide infiltrated water to the edge drainage system, preventing long-term water accumulation on the top slab and reducing the continuous effect of water pressure on the underlying waterproofing structure. Two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane form a double-layered, fully bonded flexible waterproof barrier. Even if one layer is partially damaged, the other layer can still effectively block water. The underlying foamed concrete slope layer allows rainwater to automatically flow to the drainage outlet, reducing surface water retention. The fine aggregate concrete protective layer can evenly disperse the compressive stress transmitted by the backfill soil and paved surface layer, preventing the upper load (pedestrians, small vehicles, construction machinery) from directly damaging the waterproof membrane. The polyester non-woven isolation layer is located between the protective layer and the waterproof membrane: it prevents the fine aggregate concrete from bonding or chemically reacting with the self-adhesive membrane during the hardening process, and also prevents cracks in the protective layer from directly reflecting onto the membrane. Waterproofing effect of planting area: The root-penetration resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer contains chemical root inhibitors or physical root-inhibiting copper matrix, which can effectively prevent plant roots from growing downwards and piercing the waterproof layer. This is the core difference between planting roof slabs and ordinary roof slabs. The drainage board + filter layer is similar to the paved area, but the water volume in the planting area is greater (irrigation, rainwater). The high compressive strength of the drainage board (≥300kN / m²) can withstand the weight of the planting soil and plants, keeping the drainage channels unobstructed. The protective layer also serves as a slope: it protects the underlying waterproof layer and forms a drainage slope, eliminating the need for a separate slope layer. The polyester non-woven filter layer: allows water to pass through, but prevents planting soil particles from entering the drainage board, avoiding clogging of the drainage layer and maintaining long-term drainage efficiency. The waterproofing structure in the driveway area is effective as follows: The reinforced concrete layer directly bears the dynamic load of vehicles and concentrated wheel pressure, dispersing stress to the underlying filler layer and preventing localized damage to the waterproofing layer; the lightweight and high-strength foamed concrete filler layer significantly reduces the self-weight of the roof slab while also acting as a buffer to absorb vibrations and impacts from vehicle movement; the lower foamed concrete sloping layer creates a slope on the top surface of the structural slab, guiding seepage water towards the drainage ditch; two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproofing membrane possess excellent elastic recovery and self-healing capabilities, adapting to minor deformations (deflections) of the roof slab caused by vehicle loads and resisting cracking; the leveling layer incorporates 3% waterproofing agent, improving its own impermeability and preventing water from seeping through the gaps in the cement mortar leveling layer. This structure proactively avoids the weak point of the drainage board, employing a pure sloping drainage system for higher reliability.

[0033] Therefore, a comprehensive comparison is as follows: From an economic perspective, each zone adopted cost-effective solutions: in the paved area, root-penetration-resistant membrane was not used, resulting in the lowest cost; in the planted area, while root-penetration-resistant membrane was expensive, the elimination of the slope layer also saved costs; in the driveway area, foamed concrete was used to reduce self-weight, and low-density foamed concrete was used instead of ordinary concrete, significantly reducing the dead load on the roof slab. From a comprehensive economic perspective, by reducing self-weight, the materials and costs of load-bearing components such as beams, columns, and foundations were reduced. At the same time, foamed concrete itself has low material costs, fast construction, and good durability, ultimately achieving significant savings in the overall project cost, and also providing the indirect economic benefit of extending the life of the waterproofing layer. Overall, the economic benefits are good.

[0034] In terms of dynamic load adaptability: there is no dynamic load in the paved area and planting area; in the driveway area, the stiffness of the 50mm thick concrete surface layer (directly bears tire pressure and provides a hard and wear-resistant surface) > the stiffness of the 200mm thick C30 reinforced concrete layer (the main load-bearing layer, dispersing wheel pressure to a large area) > the stiffness of the foamed concrete filling layer (lightweight, with a certain degree of elasticity, buffering and absorbing energy) > the stiffness of the fine stone concrete protective layer (uniformly distributing residual pressure and protecting the waterproof layer). Therefore, the stiffness does not suddenly jump from "very high" to "very low", but decreases layer by layer. The gradual change avoids stress concentration caused by abrupt changes in stiffness and also extends the fatigue life of the waterproof membrane by 5 to 10 times.

[0035] like Figure 2 Compartment joints can be cut along marked lines using a cutting machine after the concrete has fully set and reached a certain strength, or a pre-installed partition method can be used. The construction steps for the compartment joints in each of the above zones are as follows: S1. Clean the seam: Use a wire brush and scraper to remove loose dust, oil, and residual mortar from the seam; use a blower or compressed air to blow away the dust from the seam and ensure that the seam is completely dry and free of standing water. S2, Set backing material: polyethylene closed-cell foam rods. Fill the backing material into the compartment joint to the required depth using a filling device. The diameter of the foam rods should be 1.2 to 1.3 times the width of the compartment joint. Press the foam rods into the bottom of the joint using a filling device. S3, Sealant Filling: Apply sealant into the compartment joint using a caulking gun; or apply sealant by scraping with a putty knife in two passes, pressing firmly each time. S4, Smooth and surface finish: Use a scraper to smooth the surface into a slightly concave arc or flat surface.

[0036] The purpose of filling the compartment joints with sealant is to adapt to the temperature shrinkage stress of the fine aggregate concrete protective layer and prevent it from cracking. At the same time, the sealant itself has a certain waterproofing ability, which can prevent surface water from seeping down along the joint when it accumulates in a short time.

[0037] like Figure 3-6 The filling equipment includes: The pressure roller 1, which moves within the compartment 2, is used to press the foam rod into the bottom of the compartment 2. The rotating roller 11, the placement cylinder 12 wrapped with foam rods on the outer wall of the rotating roller 11, the receiving box 13 for collecting the released foam rods, and the output component that gradually outputs the foam rods in the receiving box 13. The bottom of the receiving box 13 is provided with a walking mechanism, which is connected to the pressure roller 1 through a connecting component, and the walking mechanism drives the output component to work together when it moves. The walking mechanism is also used to gradually release the foam rods on the rotating roller 11. After the output component gradually outputs the foam rods in the receiving box 13, they are pressed into the compartment slit 2 by the pressure roller 1.

[0038] like Figure 3-6 The specific structure is as follows: Each of the opposite upper walls of the receiving box 13 has a vertical plate 131. The lower end of one of the vertical plates 131 is detachably connected to the upper wall of the receiving box 13 by screws. Specifically, the lower end of this vertical plate 131 has an adhesive plate (not shown in the figure) that fits against the upper wall of the receiving box 13. One end of the screw passes through the adhesive plate and enters the receiving box 13, thus fixing the adhesive plate to the upper wall of the receiving box 13. The two ends of the rotating roller 11 are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates 131 respectively. This design facilitates the transfer of energy... After the disassembled upright plate 131 is removed, one end of the rotating roller 11 is exposed, which makes it easy to move the placement cylinder 12 out and onto the rotating roller 11. At this time, the outer wall of the rotating roller 11 is provided with several protrusions 111, and each protrusion 111 is distributed along the length of the rotating roller 11. The inner wall of the placement cylinder 12 is provided with grooves corresponding to the protrusions 111, so that the placement cylinder 12 can be rotated together when the rotating roller 11 rotates. After the placement cylinder 12 is installed onto the rotating roller 11, the upright plate 131 is installed to support the rotating roller 11 and facilitate the rotation of the rotating roller 11.

[0039] like Figure 3-6The walking mechanism includes two symmetrically distributed L-shaped mounting plates 132 at the bottom of the receiving box 13, which are used to separate the bottom of the receiving box 13 from the compartment gap 2. Each mounting plate 132 has a walking wheel 133 rotatably connected to its vertical surface via an active rod. At this time, the active rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the walking wheel 133 and rotatably connected to the mounting plate 132. One end of one of the active rods extends out of the mounting plate 132 on the side away from the walking wheel 133. The two walking wheels 133 are distributed facing each other and the lower end of each walking wheel 133 extends out of the lower end of the mounting plate 132, which facilitates the walking wheel 133 to walk on the ground. The output component includes an active wheel 134 coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the active rods. The active wheel 134 is installed on the side of the active rod extending from the mounting plate 132 away from the traveling wheel 133. The output component also includes an upper transmission roller 135 and a lower transmission roller 136 rotatably disposed above the receiving box 13. At this time, the upper end of the receiving box 13 is provided with two vertical plates 137 on opposite walls. The two ends of the lower transmission roller 136 are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates 137 respectively. The upper transmission roller 135 is located directly above the lower transmission roller 136, and the two ends of the upper transmission roller 135 are rotatably connected with sliders 138. Vertical grooves 139 are opened on the vertical plates 137, and the sliders 138 slide vertically in the grooves 139. The outer walls of the upper conveyor roller 135 and the lower conveyor roller 136 are coaxially fixedly connected with the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361. The outer wall of the lower guide wheel 1361 is provided with an annular guide groove 1362 for the foam rod to pass through. The diameter of the circle at the bottom of the guide groove 1362 is equal to the diameter of the traveling wheel 133. The depth of the guide groove 1362 is 0.6 to 0.8 times the radius of the foam rod. The groove opening expands outward in a funnel shape to facilitate the entry of the foam rod. The upper guide wheel 1351 is buoyantly mounted on the receiving box 13 via a spring assembly. It presses the foam rod into the guide groove 1362 of the lower guide wheel 1361. The upper guide wheel 1351 is a driven wheel, without independent drive, and rotates with the foam rod due to friction. Once the foam rod enters the guide groove 1362 and is pressed by the upper guide wheel 1351, it is driven forward by the lower guide wheel 1361. The spring assembly includes a compression spring 1391 mounted on the upper wall of the slide 139. The lower end of the compression spring 1391 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slider 138. The compression spring 1391 provides a downward thrust of 30-60 N to the slider 138. The upper guide wheel can be a rubber wheel, preferably a polyurethane rubber wheel or a nitrile rubber wheel with a Shore A hardness. The foam rod is 60~80 degrees and maintains moderate deformation without flattening under spring pressure of 30-60N. The foam rod is pressed into the guide groove 1362 of the guide wheel 1361 and rotates with friction.

[0040] The slide 139 is provided with a lower limit block 1392 to limit the lowest position of the slider 138, so that when there is no foam rod, there is a gap between the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361 that is slightly smaller than the diameter of the foam rod. The compression spring 1391 maintains a certain amount of pre-compression when the slider 138 is at the lower limit position, so as to ensure that the foam rod can be automatically pressed when it enters.

[0041] like Figure 3-6 One end of the lower transmission roller 136 is connected to a drive wheel 14 via a gear assembly. The gear assembly includes a transmission gear 141 coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the lower transmission roller 136. One end of the lower transmission roller 136 extends out of a vertical plate 137, and the transmission gear 141 is fixed to the extended end. A drive shaft 142 is rotatably mounted on the vertical plate 137. The drive shaft 142 is distributed lower than the lower rotating shaft, and an intermediate gear 143 that meshes with the transmission gear 141 is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft 142. The drive wheel 14 is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft 142 and is located on the side of the intermediate gear 143 away from the vertical plate 137. When the drive wheel 14 rotates, the drive shaft 142 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the intermediate gear 143 to rotate. The intermediate gear 143 drives the transmission gear 141 to rotate, thereby causing the lower transmission roller 136 to rotate.

[0042] like Figure 3-6 One end of the rotating roller 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to a transition wheel 112. The driving wheel 134, the transition wheel 112, and the drive wheel 14 are connected by an annular transmission strip 15. The diameters and number of teeth of all the wheels, including the driving wheel 134, the transition wheel 112, the drive wheel 14, the transmission gear 141, and the intermediate gear 143, are the same. When the foam rod is transported in the guide grooves 1362 on the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361, the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the guide groove 1362 is equal to the diameter of the traveling wheel 133. A polyurethane rubber layer (not shown in the figure) is embedded in the wall of the guide groove 1362, so that the polyurethane rubber layer contacts the foam rod, facilitating better transport of the foam rod.

[0043] like Figure 3-6 The drive wheel 134, transition wheel 112, and drive wheel 14 can be pulleys or sprockets. When all are sprockets, the annular transmission bar 15 is an annular chain that meshes with the drive wheel 134, transition wheel 112, and drive wheel 14. When the drive wheel 134, transition wheel 112, and drive wheel 14 are all pulleys, the annular transmission bar 15 is an annular transmission belt that meshes with the drive wheel 134, transition wheel 112, and drive wheel 14.

[0044] The above-mentioned transmission ensures that the linear velocity of the lower guide wheel 1361 is consistent with the linear velocity of the traveling wheel 133.

[0045] like Figure 3-6The purpose of the above structural design is to ensure that the transition wheel 112, the drive wheel 134, and the drive wheel 14 rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, and that they rotate in the opposite direction and at the same speed to the transmission gear 141. Furthermore, the diameter of the placement cylinder 12 is the same as that of the transition wheel 112. This achieves the following: when the drive wheel 134 moves clockwise, the transition wheel 112 drives the rotating roller 11 to rotate clockwise, releasing the foam rods from the roller 11. The transmission gear 141 rotates counterclockwise, facilitating the pulling of the foam rods out of the receiving box 13 and towards the pressure roller 1. The direction in which the rotating roller 11 releases the foam rods is on the side opposite to the lower guide wheel 1361. The length of forward movement of the traveling wheel 133 determines the length of the foam rods pulled out by the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361, and subsequently pressed into the compartmentalized seam 2 by the pressure roller 1.

[0046] like Figure 3-6 The connecting component includes a slanted rod 16 rotatably connected to the pressure roller 1 and a connecting rod 161 fixedly connected to the slanted rod 16 on the outer wall of the receiving box 13. At this time, the end of the connecting rod 161 near the receiving box 13 is U-shaped, which facilitates connection with the outer wall of the receiving box 13 and facilitates the foam rod to be pulled out from the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361 to the bottom of the pressure roller 1, forming a space clearance. The end of the connecting rod 161 near the slanted rod 16 is a rod, which facilitates connection with the slanted rod 16. The upper end of the slanted rod 16 is fixedly connected to a drive handle 162 for the user to push the slanted rod 16 to move.

[0047] like Figure 3-6 Before operation, one end of the foam rod is manually guided out from the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361 and placed under the pressure roller 1 of the compartment 2. Then, the user pushes the diagonal rod 16 forward, causing the pressure roller 1 to move within the compartment 2. Through the diagonal rod 16, connecting rod 161, receiving box 13, and mounting plate 132, the two traveling wheels 133 move on both sides of the compartment 2 respectively. The subsequent working process is as follows: Machine forward movement: The operator holds the drive handle 162 and pushes forward, causing the pressure roller 1 to roll along the compartment seam 2. Simultaneously, the receiving box 13 moves forward via the diagonal rod 16 and connecting rod 161. The two traveling wheels 133 at the bottom of the receiving box 13 (located on both sides of the compartment seam 2) roll accordingly, and the entire machine moves along the seam direction. The traveling wheels 133 have sufficient traction with the ground to prevent slippage. When used on smooth or slippery surfaces, counterweights can be added to the traveling wheels 133.

[0048] Foam rod release: When the traveling wheel 133 rotates, the coaxial drive rod drives the drive wheel 134 to rotate. The drive wheel 134 drives the transition wheel 112 through the annular transmission bar 15. The transition wheel 112 drives the rotating roller 11 to rotate. The protrusion 111 on the outer wall of the rotating roller 11 cooperates with the groove on the inner wall of the placement cylinder 12, so that the placement cylinder 12 rotates synchronously. The foam rods wound on it are gradually released and enter the receiving box 13. However, due to the multi-layer winding of the foam rods on the placement cylinder 12, the initial diameter of the placement cylinder 12 is large. Therefore, the linear speed of the unwinding of the foam rods on the placement cylinder 12 is instantaneously greater than the pulling speed of the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361. The excess foam rods form a buffer in the receiving box 13. At this time, the receiving box 13 is a cone-shaped box with the opening facing upwards, and the upper part is large, providing a physical space for the extra foam rods to be temporarily "stored" there, instead of being squeezed and piled up at the inlet of the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361 immediately; the receiving box 13 is large enough to accommodate this excess, preventing the equipment from jamming, and the inner wall of the receiving box 13 is smooth and the bottom is arc-shaped.

[0049] Foam rod conveying: The annular conveyor 15 drives the drive wheel 14 to rotate, pulling the foam rods that have entered the receiving box 13 downstream and sending them towards the pressure roller 1. At this time, the foam rods coming out from the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361 are in a straight but not taut state between the pressure roller 1 and the pressure roller 1.

[0050] Synchronous length control: The distance the walking wheel 133 advances determines the distance the foam rod is released and transported by the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361.

[0051] Foam rod pressing: The conveyed foam rods reach the bottom of the pressure roller 1. As the pressure roller 1 rolls within the compartmental seam 2, it presses the foam rods into the bottom of the seam, completing the filling.

[0052] like Figure 3-6 Therefore, the traveling mechanism ensures that the linear speed of the lower guide wheel 1361 is consistent with that of the traveling wheel 133. That is, the distance the traveling wheel 133 travels corresponds to the distance the foam rod is conveyed by the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361. The unwinding action of the placement cylinder 12 is driven by the same power source, but due to the initially large roll diameter, its unwinding linear speed will temporarily exceed the conveying speed of the upper guide wheel 1351 and the lower guide wheel 1361. The excess foam rods form a buffer within the receiving box 13, preventing excessive stretching or accumulation of the foam rods due to the speed difference. As the roll diameter decreases, the unwinding speed gradually decreases, and the buffer amount tends to stabilize.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of construction of an underground waterproofing work, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Waterproofing of the base slab; Step 2: Waterproofing of the side walls; Step 3, Roof Slab Waterproofing Construction: After the main reinforced concrete structure of the basement has been inspected and accepted, i.e., the basement slab, side walls, and roof slab are all based on the self-waterproofing of the reinforced concrete structure, different composite waterproofing structures are constructed on the area above the basement roof slab structure layer according to the roof slab's function, which is divided into paving area, planting area, and driveway area. The waterproofing structure of the paved area, from top to bottom, includes: surface layer and cement mortar bonding layer, backfill layer, polyester non-woven filter layer, hydrophobic board, fine stone concrete protective layer, polyester non-woven isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, foamed concrete slope layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproof structure of the planting area, from top to bottom, includes: planting soil layer, backfill soil layer, polyester non-woven filter layer, drainage board, fine stone concrete protective layer and slope finding layer, polyester non-woven isolation layer, root penetration resistant elastomer modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, cement mortar leveling layer and cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproofing structure of the driveway area, from top to bottom, includes: a concrete surface layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a foamed concrete filling layer, a fine stone concrete protective layer, a polyester non-woven fabric isolation layer, two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane, a cement mortar leveling layer, a foamed concrete slope layer, and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structural slab. The waterproofing structure of the paved area, planting area and driveway area has a waterproof connection structure at the junction of adjacent zones.

2. A method of constructing an underground waterproof construction according to claim 1, wherein Step 1, Waterproofing of the base slab: From bottom to top, the following layers are constructed in sequence: rock base layer, sand cushion layer, concrete cushion layer, pre-laid reverse adhesive layer of polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane, reinforced concrete structure self-waterproofing layer of the base slab, and surface layer; among them, the sand cushion layer is 50mm thick, the concrete cushion layer is 100mm thick C15 concrete and is tamped and smoothed as it is poured, and the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane is 1.5mm thick and is constructed using the pre-laid reverse adhesive method.

3. A method of constructing an underground waterproof construction according to claim 2, wherein Step 2, side wall waterproofing construction: The side wall is a reinforced concrete side wall structure with a self-waterproofing layer. A cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer is applied to the inside of the structure, followed by interior surface plastering. On the outside of the structure, a cement mortar leveling layer, a polyurethane waterproof coating layer, a single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane composite layer, and an extruded polystyrene board protective layer are applied in sequence, and then plain soil is backfilled. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating has a thickness of 1mm and a usage of no less than 1.5kg per square meter; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DPM15 cement mortar with 3% waterproofing agent added; the polyurethane waterproof coating has a thickness of 1.5mm; the single-sided self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane has a thickness of 1.5mm and is unreinforced; the extruded polystyrene board has a thickness of 70mm and a density ≥300kg / m³. The polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane has a pre-reserved overlap length at the edge of the base plate. The single-sided self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane on the side wall overlaps with the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane on the base plate at the corner, and the overlap width is not less than 150mm.

4. The construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the waterproofing structure of the paved area: The drainage board is 20mm thick, made of virgin HDPE material, with a weight of not less than 1200g / m² and a compressive load of not less than 300kN / m²; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C25 concrete, reinforced with bidirectional steel bars, and has 6m×6m compartment joints; both waterproof membranes are 3mm thick self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membranes; the foamed concrete slope layer is 50~150mm thick with a slope of 0.5%.

5. The construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the waterproof structure of the planting area: The drainage board is 20mm thick, made of virgin HDPE material, with a weight of not less than 1200g / m² and a compressive load of not less than 300kN / m²; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C25 concrete, reinforced with bidirectional steel bars, with a slope of 0.5%, a minimum thickness of 70mm, and 6m×6m compartment joints; the root penetration resistant elastomeric modified bitumen waterproof membrane layer includes a 4mm thick SBS elastomeric modified bitumen layer and a 3mm thick self-adhesive waterproof membrane layer; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DSM15, mixed with 3% waterproofing agent.

6. The construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the waterproof construction of the lane area: The concrete surface layer is 50mm thick; the reinforced concrete layer is 200mm thick C30 concrete with internal steel mesh; the foamed concrete filling layer is 300~1100mm thick; the fine stone concrete protective layer is 70mm thick C20 concrete with internal bidirectional steel reinforcement and 6m×6m compartment joints; two layers of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane are both 3mm thick; the cement mortar leveling layer is 20mm thick DSM15 with 3% waterproofing agent; the foamed concrete slope layer is 50~150mm thick with a slope of 0.5%.

7. A construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that, The construction steps for the compartment joint are as follows: S1. Clean the seam: Use a wire brush and scraper to remove loose dust, oil, and residual mortar from the seam; use a blower or compressed air to blow away the dust from the seam and ensure that the seam is completely dry and free of standing water. S2, Set backing material: polyethylene closed-cell foam rod, fill the backing material into the compartment joint to the required depth using a filling device; S3, Sealant Filling: Apply sealant into the compartment joint using a caulking gun; or apply sealant by scraping with a putty knife in two passes, pressing firmly each time. S4, Smooth and surface finish: Use a scraper to smooth the surface into a slightly concave arc or flat surface.

8. A construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The filling device includes: The pressure rollers that move within the compartment gaps are used to press the foam rods into the bottom of the compartment gaps; The rotating roller, the placement cylinder sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller and wound with foam rods, the receiving box for collecting the released foam rods, and the output component for gradually outputting the foam rods in the receiving box, wherein the bottom of the receiving box is provided with a walking mechanism, the walking mechanism is connected to the pressure roller through a connecting component, and the walking mechanism drives the output component to work together when it moves. The walking mechanism is also used to gradually release the foam rods on the rotating rollers. After the output component gradually outputs the foam rods from the receiving box, they are pressed into the compartment gap by the pressure roller.

9. A construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The walking mechanism includes two L-shaped mounting plates set at the bottom of the receiving box, which are used to separate the bottom of the receiving box from the compartment gap. Each of the mounting plates has a walking wheel rotatably connected to its vertical surface via a drive rod. The output component includes a drive wheel coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the drive rods, and an upper transmission roller and a lower transmission roller rotatably disposed above the receiving box. The outer walls of the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are coaxially fixedly connected to an upper guide wheel and a lower guide wheel. The outer wall of the lower guide wheel is provided with an annular guide groove through which the foam rod passes. The diameter of the circle at the bottom of the guide groove is equal to the diameter of the drive wheel. The upper guide wheel is buoyantly mounted on the receiving box via a spring assembly, pressing the foam rod into the guide groove of the lower guide wheel; the foam rod automatically falls into the guide groove of the lower guide wheel under the action of gravity, and after being pressed by the upper guide wheel, it is driven forward by the lower guide wheel. One end of the lower conveyor roller is connected to a drive wheel via a gear assembly, and one end of the rotating roller is coaxially fixedly connected to a transition wheel. The drive wheel, transition wheel, and drive wheel are connected by an annular transmission bar. The diameter of each wheel in the drive wheel, transition wheel, drive wheel, and gear assembly is the same, and the number of teeth is equal.

10. A construction method for underground waterproofing as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The connector includes a slanted rod that is rotatably connected to the pressure roller, and a connecting rod that is disposed on the outer wall of the receiving box and fixedly connected to the slanted rod. A drive handle is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slanted rod for the user to push the slanted rod to move.

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