Anti-explosion self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure and installation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an explosion-resistant self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure and its installation method. The column base structure includes: a lattice column; a bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component, sleeved on the bottom of the main limb and anchored to the cup-shaped column foundation by pre-embedded anchor bolts; a middle flow-guiding and resetting energy dissipation component, composed of multiple sets of SMA spiral flow-guiding and self-resetting stiffening ribs arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb, with the upper and lower ends of the stiffening ribs fixed to the bottom and upper components respectively, relying on its own spiral configuration to guide the explosive impact airflow, and utilizing phase change and hyperelasticity properties to achieve deformation energy dissipation and post-earthquake self-resetting; and an upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component, sleeved on the outer side of the main limb and connected to the top of the stiffening ribs, which can bear vertical loads and resist lateral impacts, dissipating impact energy through its own elastic deformation. This invention integrates friction energy dissipation, SMA flow-guiding self-resetting, and elastic damping energy dissipation, which can significantly improve the explosion resistance, energy dissipation, and deformation self-resetting capabilities of the lattice column base under explosion and earthquake conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure protection technology, and in particular to earthquake-resistant and blast-resistant structures and self-resetting engineering components, specifically to a blast-resistant self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of industrial buildings, structures in high-risk locations such as chemical plants and mines are subjected to extreme loads such as explosions and earthquakes for extended periods, placing stringent demands on the safety and durability of the main load-bearing structure. Lattice steel columns, with their lightweight, high load-bearing capacity, and excellent seismic performance, have become the mainstream vertical load-bearing components in such industrial buildings. Among them, four-limb lattice circular tube columns, with their uniform stress distribution and excellent overall stability, are particularly widely used. The column base, as the key connection between the lattice column and the foundation, directly determines the structure's safety reserve and post-disaster recoverability under extreme loads due to its explosion resistance, energy dissipation, repositioning, and repair performance.

[0003] Current traditional lattice steel column base designs have many technical flaws, making them unsuitable for the needs of high-risk industrial applications.

[0004] (1) Insufficient blast resistance and easy brittle failure of joints: Traditional column bases mostly adopt rigid connections or simple hinged connections, without special reinforcement design for blast shock waves. Under the action of blast impact and strong earthquake, column bases are prone to plastic deformation and weld cracking. In particular, the connection joint between the main limb of the four-limb lattice column and the lattice column lacing is a weak area and is prone to brittle failure, which directly leads to the loss of the column's load-bearing capacity, causing partial collapse or even overall damage to the structure, seriously threatening production safety and personnel life safety.

[0005] (2) Lack of self-resetting ability and difficulty in post-disaster repair: Traditional column bases do not have the function of self-resetting. After residual deformation occurs due to earthquake or explosion, large equipment and complex processes are required for correction and resetting. Moreover, column bases are mostly integral non-modular designs. Damage to local components requires the entire structure to be dismantled and replaced, resulting in long construction cycles, high costs, and significantly extended industrial production interruption time.

[0006] (3) The energy dissipation mechanism is simple and the energy dissipation efficiency and durability are poor: the existing column bases rely solely on the plastic deformation of steel to dissipate energy. Under the action of reciprocating impact loads, the steel is prone to low-cycle fatigue damage, the energy dissipation capacity decays rapidly, and it is impossible to continuously dissipate extreme load energy, making it difficult to effectively protect the superstructure.

[0007] (4) Lack of temperature control in SMA self-resetting structure and insufficient reset stability: Some self-resetting column feet using shape memory alloy (SMA) do not monitor and precisely control the working temperature of SMA in real time, resulting in the shape memory effect being significantly affected by the ambient temperature and poor self-resetting reliability; at the same time, the collaborative working mechanism of each energy-consuming component under seismic load is unclear, making it difficult to achieve efficient energy consumption and stable reset through multiple mechanisms.

[0008] In summary, existing lattice steel column bases have significant shortcomings in terms of blast resistance, self-resetting capability, energy dissipation efficiency, and post-disaster repairability, and can no longer meet the safety operation and maintenance requirements of industrial buildings with high explosion risk. There is an urgent need to develop a lattice column protection structure and installation method that combines high-efficiency blast resistance, precise temperature-controlled self-resetting, multi-mechanism collaborative energy dissipation, and modular rapid repair to compensate for the deficiencies of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure and its installation method for lattice columns, so as to solve the technical problems of weak explosion-proof performance, unstable self-resetting effect, single energy dissipation mechanism, difficult post-disaster repair and lack of SMA temperature control of traditional lattice steel column bases, so as to achieve efficient energy dissipation, shock wave diversion, deformation self-resetting and modular rapid repair under extreme loads, thereby improving the safety and post-disaster recoverability of industrial building structures.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] This invention proposes an explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure, comprising:

[0012] A lattice column is composed of multiple main members and multiple lacing strips;

[0013] The bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component is sleeved on the bottom of the main member and anchored to the column foundation by pre-embedded fixing anchors. The bottom surface of the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component is provided with a friction surface for forming a friction energy dissipation fit with the column foundation.

[0014] The central flow guiding and resetting energy dissipation component includes multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs, which are arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb. One end of each set of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs is fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component, and the other end extends vertically upward. It is used to guide the impact airflow and buffer the explosive load through the spiral structure, while realizing deformation energy dissipation by means of phase change effect, and autonomously resetting after deformation under force.

[0015] The upper support elastic energy dissipation component is sleeved on the outside of the main limb and fixedly connected to the other end of the multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs. It is used to bear vertical loads, resist external lateral impacts, and dissipate impact energy through its own elastic deformation.

[0016] Optionally, the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component includes:

[0017] A rigid energy-dissipating base plate, the bottom surface of which is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to form the friction surface, and the rigid energy-dissipating base plate is provided with a sleeve hole adapted to the main limb and a through hole adapted to the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolt.

[0018] Optionally, the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component further includes:

[0019] Multiple arc-shaped friction pads are arranged circumferentially between the rigid energy-dissipating base plate and the column foundation. One side of the arc-shaped surface of each arc-shaped friction pad is pre-embedded and fixed in the column foundation, and the other side is inserted and fixed to the rigid energy-dissipating base plate, so as to dissipate energy through friction by relative sliding.

[0020] Optionally, each set of SMA spiral flow-guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the helix angle is 30° to 60°; and / or,

[0021] The two ends of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs are respectively welded or bolted to the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component and the upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component.

[0022] Optionally, the central flow guide and reset energy-consuming component also integrates a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is attached to the outer wall of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs to monitor the SMA operating temperature. When the monitored temperature does not reach the shape memory effect trigger threshold, the SMA temperature is adjusted to the trigger threshold range by the matching external temperature control system to achieve self-reset after deformation.

[0023] Optionally, the pre-embedded fixing anchors are multiple and arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb; each pre-embedded fixing anchor uses a double-ended stud, with one end screwed into the preset threaded hole of the column foundation, and the other end passing through the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component and locked in place by a nut.

[0024] Optionally, the upper supporting elastic energy-dissipating component includes:

[0025] A rigid support plate is fitted onto the outside of the main member, with a circumferential assembly gap reserved between it and the main member;

[0026] Multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs are arranged horizontally and radially within the circumferential assembly gap in a preset pre-tightened state. One end of each set of bidirectional tension and compression springs is detachably and fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support top plate, and the other end is detachably and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main limb.

[0027] Optionally, the bidirectional tension / compression spring includes:

[0028] A spring mounting base is fixedly installed on the inner peripheral wall of the rigid support top plate;

[0029] The damper housing is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main limb and is coaxially opposite to the spring mounting seat, and a piston sealing cavity is formed inside it;

[0030] Damping fluid is filled into the piston sealing cavity;

[0031] A piston with a throttling orifice is slidably and sealingly disposed within the piston sealing cavity;

[0032] The piston rod has its outer end connected and fixed to the spring mounting seat, and its inner end connected and fixed to the piston containing the throttling orifice;

[0033] A return spring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, with its two ends elastically abutting against the ends of the spring mounting seat and the damper housing, respectively.

[0034] Optional, also includes:

[0035] An explosion-resistant reinforced structure is a stiffening rib plate provided at the joint between the main limb and the lacing strip, which is used to improve the explosion resistance and shear strength of the joint.

[0036] The present invention also proposes an installation method for the column base structure of the explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column described above, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Lattice column installation: First, assemble multiple main members and multiple lacing strips to form a complete lattice column, and then hoist it to the preset installation position of the column foundation for installation;

[0038] Installation of bottom anchor friction energy dissipation components: First, screw one end of the pre-embedded fixing anchor into the pre-set threaded hole of the column foundation. Then, put the rigid energy dissipation base plate with polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the bottom surface onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the main member, and make the pre-embedded fixing anchor penetrate through the rigid energy dissipation base plate. Finally, tighten the nuts to complete the anchoring and fixing of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation components.

[0039] Installation of the central flow guide and reset energy dissipation component: Multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs are arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb, and their lower ends are welded or bolted to the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component for fixation.

[0040] Installation of the upper support elastic energy dissipation component: First, the rigid support top plate is sleeved on the outside of the main limb, and its bottom is welded or bolted to the top of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib. Then, in the circumferential assembly gap between the rigid support top plate and the main limb, multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs are fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support top plate and the outer wall of the main limb in a preset pre-tightened state.

[0041] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are:

[0042] (1) Multiple synergistic energy dissipation significantly improves explosion protection efficiency: This invention constructs a three-level composite protection system of "friction energy dissipation + flow-guiding phase change energy dissipation + elastic buffer energy dissipation". The polytetrafluoroethylene coating of the bottom rigid energy dissipation plate and the pre-embedded arc-shaped friction pad form a stable friction interface, which can continuously dissipate energy under horizontal shear load; the middle SMA spiral flow-guiding self-resetting stiffening rib can not only guide and buffer the explosion shock wave through the spiral configuration, but also dissipate the impact energy by relying on the superelasticity of nickel-titanium alloy; the upper bidirectional tension and compression spring assembly further absorbs the residual load through reversible elastic deformation. The synergistic effect of the three significantly reduces the direct impact of extreme loads on the column base. Compared with the traditional column base structure, the explosion resistance and energy dissipation efficiency are significantly improved, effectively protecting the core stress-bearing parts of the four-limb lattice circular tube column.

[0043] (2) Temperature-controlled self-resetting, stable and reliable recovery capability after deformation: Addressing the shortcomings of traditional SMA components, which are susceptible to environmental temperature fluctuations and have unstable reset performance, this invention integrates a temperature sensor into the central SMA stiffening rib, allowing for precise temperature control via an external temperature control system. After deformation of the column base due to earthquakes or explosions, the SMA stiffening rib can stably trigger the shape memory effect at a preset temperature, restoring the preset helical shape. Through rigid connections at both ends, it drives the upper top plate and the bottom anchoring part to achieve overall reset of the column base. Simultaneously, the elastic rebound of the upper bidirectional tension and compression springs provides auxiliary reset force, eliminating the need for external straightening equipment and ensuring the long-term performance of the structure.

[0044] (3) Clear functional mechanism and targeted earthquake and explosion-resistant design: The three-stage components of this invention have clear division of labor and efficient coordination under earthquake and explosion conditions. Under earthquake action, triple energy dissipation is achieved through friction, SMA hyperelasticity and spring deformation, and stable self-resetting is achieved through the synergistic effect of temperature-controlled SMA and spring; under explosion conditions, the flow-guiding buffer of the spiral structure, the energy dissipation of the friction interface and the load transfer of the upper supporting structure effectively resist shock waves and lateral impacts. This scheme fills the gap in the insufficient explanation of multi-condition functions in traditional column base design, ensuring the controllable performance of the structure under different extreme loads.

[0045] (4) Node reinforcement and stable anchoring, with high overall structural safety: The present invention sets stiffening ribs at key nodes of the main limb and the lacing strip, which specifically enhances the shear and tensile strength of the nodes and effectively avoids brittle failure of the nodes under explosion or earthquake.

[0046] (5) Wide adaptability and outstanding industrial application value: The present invention can flexibly adjust the parameters such as the number of SMA stiffening ribs, spring stiffness, and friction pad size according to the load requirements of different industrial buildings, and can be widely used in chemical, mining and other scenarios with explosion risks.

[0047] (6) Modular design, convenient operation and maintenance, and high cost-effectiveness: All components of this invention adopt a standardized modular design with unified interfaces and universal specifications. When a component is damaged, there is no need to disassemble the column base or main structure as a whole. Only the damaged module of the corresponding specification needs to be replaced on-site to complete the repair, which greatly shortens the industrial production interruption time and reduces the later operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, standardized production reduces manufacturing costs, the rapid repair feature reduces operation and maintenance investment, and the plug-in installation simplifies the construction process. It takes into account both structural safety and economic practicality and has extremely high industrial promotion value.

[0048] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Furthermore, implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not imply the simultaneous possession or achievement of multiple or all of the aforementioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0050] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the column base structure of the explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of pre-embedded anchor bolts and arc-shaped friction pads on a single rigid energy-dissipating base plate according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bidirectional tension / compression spring according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Marked in the image:

[0056] 1-Lattice column; 101-Main member; 102-Flange;

[0057] 2- Bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component; 201- Rigid energy dissipation base plate; 2011- Sleeving hole; 202- Arc-shaped friction pad block;

[0058] 3-Central flow guide and reset energy dissipation component; 301-SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib; 302-Temperature sensor;

[0059] 4-Upper support elastic energy dissipation component; 401-Rigid support top plate; 4011-Circumferential assembly clearance; 402-Bidirectional tension / compression spring; 4021-Spring mounting base; 4022-Damper housing; 4023-Piston sealing cavity; 4024-Piston with throttling orifice; 4025-Piston rod; 4026-Return spring; 4027-Oil reservoir;

[0060] 5-Pre-embedded anchor bolt; 501-First threaded section; 502-Second threaded section; 503-Smooth rod section;

[0061] 6-nut;

[0062] 7-Explosion-resistant reinforced structure.

[0063] The same or corresponding marks in the diagram indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0067] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0068] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0069] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0070] This invention proposes an explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure, which includes a lattice column 1, a bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2, a middle flow guiding and resetting energy dissipation component 3, and an upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component 4 assembled in sequence.

[0071] See Figure 1 The lattice column 1 is a four-limbed lattice circular tube column, mainly composed of four main limbs 101 and multiple lacing strips 102. The four main limbs 101 are arranged in a rectangular or ring shape, and the lacing strips 102 are diagonally overlapped and fixed between two adjacent main limbs 101, forming a stable spatial lattice force-bearing system.

[0072] The four-limbed lattice cylindrical column is installed and fixed on the column foundation (not shown in the figure). The column foundation is preferably a cup-shaped foundation. The bottom of each of the four main limbs 101 extends into the cup-shaped foundation to achieve a reliable connection with the cup-shaped foundation.

[0073] In this invention, the column foundation is used to provide vertical support, vertical positioning and anchoring foundation for the four-limb lattice circular tube column, and at the same time provides a stable assembly benchmark for the subsequent installation of the protective structure.

[0074] See Figures 1 to 4 The present invention takes the four-limbed lattice cylindrical column as a typical implementation object, and focuses on the design of covering and protecting and mechanically strengthening the weak section of the column foot at the bottom of the main limb 101.

[0075] It should be understood that although the present invention is described in detail using a four-limbed lattice circular tube column as a typical implementation case, it is not limited to the four-limb form. It is also applicable to the column base protection renovation and new construction assembly scenarios of other multi-limb circular tube lattice columns and steel lattice columns, such as three-limbed and six-limbed columns. The structural principle, layout method and installation process can be universally adapted.

[0076] This invention forms an integrated three-level explosion-proof energy dissipation and self-resetting protection system by sequentially arranging bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2, middle flow guiding and reset energy dissipation component 3, and upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component 4 on the outer periphery of the column base of the main limb 101 from bottom to top. This system can effectively resist extreme working conditions such as explosion impact and seismic load, accurately protect the weak stress parts of the column base of the lattice column 1, and improve the explosion resistance, energy dissipation and post-disaster self-resetting ability of the overall structure.

[0077] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 is set at the bottom of each main member 101 of the lattice column 1 and is anchored to the column foundation (cup foundation) by pre-embedded fixing anchor bolts 5.

[0078] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2 is provided with a friction surface to form a reliable friction energy dissipation fit with the column foundation. When encountering extreme loads such as earthquakes or explosions, the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2 and the column foundation can generate relative slippage, dissipating external impact energy through friction, achieving first-level energy dissipation protection, and providing basic energy dissipation guarantee for the column base of the lattice column 1 (each main member 101).

[0079] In some embodiments, the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 includes a rigid energy dissipation base plate 201, the bottom surface of which is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to form the aforementioned friction surface.

[0080] In this invention, polytetrafluoroethylene has a stable coefficient of friction, is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and has a smooth and flat surface. Under the action of horizontal shear loads generated by earthquakes and explosions, it can continuously dissipate impact kinetic energy through a small relative slip between the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 and the top surface of the column foundation.

[0081] Furthermore, the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is provided with a fitting hole 2011 adapted to the main member 101 and a through hole adapted to the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolt 5. The fitting hole 2011 is used to realize the precise fitting and positioning of the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 and the main member 101, and the through hole is used for the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolt 5 to pass through, providing an assembly base for subsequent anchoring and fixing.

[0082] It is worth noting that the installation of the pre-embedded fixed anchor bolt 5 can be achieved through secondary pouring of the cup-mouth foundation, ensuring the firmness of the connection between the pre-embedded fixed anchor bolt 5 and the cup-mouth foundation, and providing a guarantee for the stable installation of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2.

[0083] In some embodiments, the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 further includes multiple arc-shaped friction pads 202. The multiple arc-shaped friction pads 202 are arranged circumferentially between the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201 and the column foundation. One side of the arc-shaped surface of each arc-shaped friction pad 202 is pre-embedded and fixed inside the column foundation, and the other side is inserted and fixed to the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201. The top surface of this side is flush with the top surface of the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201.

[0084] In this invention, the arc-shaped surface can adaptively bear any horizontal lateral load brought by earthquakes and explosions in multiple directions, and can smoothly release multi-directional shear displacement along the arc surface, avoiding stress concentration, local compression cracking and slippage jamming problems that are prone to occur in right-angled and angular structures, and ensuring that a stable and uniform frictional slippage state can be maintained in all directions.

[0085] The arc-shaped friction pad 202 has an overall shape that is rectangular in plan view from above and arc-shaped in plan view from below. It can be stably embedded in the cup-shaped foundation and fits snugly with the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201. Under the action of horizontal dynamic loads generated by earthquakes or explosions, the main limb 101 drives the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 to produce a slight horizontal slippage, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the bottom surface of the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 and the surface of the arc-shaped friction pad 202 form an interface of relative sliding friction. The frictional resistance of the contact interface dissipates the kinetic energy of earthquakes and explosions.

[0086] In this invention, the arc-shaped friction pad 202 serves to support, uniformly transmit force, and provide multi-directional guidance and restraint. Its arc-shaped structure adaptively accommodates shear displacement in any horizontal direction, preventing stress concentration and slippage. The polytetrafluoroethylene coating provides a stable and controllable coefficient of friction, self-lubrication, and wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties. These two components work together to form a reliable composite friction energy dissipation mechanism, continuously dissipating seismic and explosive impact kinetic energy under reciprocating horizontal loads, effectively improving the energy dissipation level, lateral stiffness, and overall structural stability under extreme conditions at the column base.

[0087] In some embodiments, multiple pre-embedded anchor bolts 5 are provided, and the multiple pre-embedded anchor bolts 5 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the main limb 101 to form a ring anchoring constraint system.

[0088] See Figure 3 The pre-embedded anchor bolt 5 adopts a double-ended stud integrated structure, which is divided into a first threaded section 501, a smooth rod section 503, and a second threaded section 502 from top to bottom. The second threaded section 502 is the lower anchoring end, which is screwed into the pre-set threaded hole inside the cup-shaped column foundation to achieve pre-embedded fastening connection and positioning with the column foundation; the smooth rod section 503 is centrally located and passes through the through hole of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2; the first threaded section 501 is the upper locking end, which extends vertically out of the upper surface of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2. The extended section is tightened and locked by the matching nut 6 to achieve limiting compression and reliable anchoring between the pre-embedded anchor bolt 5 and the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2. The overall structure has clear force and precise assembly alignment, which can effectively constrain the vertical displacement and horizontal offset of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2.

[0089] This structural form can ensure the pre-embedded connection strength between the pre-embedded anchor bolt 5 and the column foundation, and can also achieve precise positioning and reliable anchoring of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2 on the top surface of the column foundation, effectively constraining the vertical displacement and horizontal overturning tendency of the column foot, while providing a stable assembly benchmark and force support for the bottom friction energy dissipation structure.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is specifically composed of four identical segmented unit base plates. The core purpose of the segmented design is to facilitate on-site installation. Each segmented unit base plate can be fitted onto the bottom of its corresponding main member 101 and then assembled and fixed, effectively avoiding the problems of inconvenient installation and alignment difficulties caused by the large size and heavy weight of the integral base plate, and greatly improving construction efficiency and assembly accuracy.

[0091] In this invention, the top surfaces of the four segmented unit base plates are all cut at a preset angle. This cutting structure can precisely match the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 of the subsequently assembled central flow guiding and resetting energy dissipation component 3 to achieve a non-tilted connection, effectively avoiding local stress concentration caused by the tilted force on the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301, and ensuring the stress stability and service life of the stiffening rib.

[0092] See Figure 3 Each segment of the base plate is equipped with two pre-embedded anchor bolts 5 and an arc-shaped friction pad 202. The two pre-embedded anchor bolts 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate to ensure the anchoring reliability of a single base plate to the column foundation. An arc-shaped friction pad 202 is embedded in the lower middle part of the base plate and works with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the bottom surface of the base plate to form a friction energy dissipation unit, so that each segment of the base plate has independent anchoring and energy dissipation functions, further improving the overall stress uniformity and energy dissipation stability of the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2.

[0093] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The central flow-guiding and self-resetting energy-dissipating component 3 includes multiple sets of SMA spiral flow-guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs 301, which are arranged regularly along the outer circumference of the main limb 101. The lower end of each SMA spiral flow-guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring friction energy-dissipating component 2, and the other end extends vertically upward. The whole structure can effectively guide the explosive impact airflow and buffer the instantaneous explosive load by relying on its own spiral structure. At the same time, it can generate superelastic deformation to dissipate the impact energy by utilizing the phase change effect of shape memory alloy. After the earthquake or explosive load is removed, it can autonomously restore its shape and realize the self-resetting of the column base deformation, forming a special protection for the weak section of the column base of the lattice column 1 from the central layer.

[0094] In some embodiments, each set of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs 301 is integrally made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the spiral angle is set to 30° to 60°. The reasonable spiral angle not only ensures the guiding effect of shock wave flow, but also takes into account the vertical stiffness and horizontal deformation energy dissipation capacity.

[0095] The upper and lower ends of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301 are respectively fastened and fixed to the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 and the upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component 4 by welding or high-strength bolts.

[0096] In this invention, since the top surface of the rigid energy-consuming base plate 201 of the bottom anchoring friction energy-consuming component 2 and the bottom surface of the rigid support top plate 401 of the subsequent upper support elastic energy-consuming component 4 are both cut at a preset angle, the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 remains in a vertical and non-tilted stress state after assembly, effectively avoiding additional bending moment and local stress concentration caused by the skewed installation of the stiffening rib 301, and ensuring that its shock wave guiding, deformation energy consumption and temperature control self-resetting functions can be performed stably and reliably for a long time.

[0097] In some embodiments, the central flow guide and reset energy-consuming component 3 also integrates a temperature sensor 302. The temperature sensor 302 is tightly fitted and installed on the outer wall of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301. Specifically, it is tightly fitted and fixed by a high-temperature resistant adhesive or a clamp, and can accurately collect and monitor the actual working temperature of the SMA material in real time.

[0098] When an earthquake or explosion causes deformation of the column base and the SMA spiral flow self-resetting stiffening rib 301, if the temperature sensor 302 detects that the current ambient temperature has not reached the SMA shape memory effect trigger threshold, the temperature of the SMA spiral flow self-resetting stiffening rib 301 can be actively regulated by the matching external temperature control system. The SMA working temperature is precisely adjusted to the effective trigger threshold range of the shape memory effect. Relying on the inherent shape memory effect of the SMA, the SMA spiral flow self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is driven to restore the preset initial spiral shape, thereby driving the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 and the upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component 4 to reset synchronously, realizing the overall autonomous return of the lattice column base without relying on external manual correction or mechanical equipment to assist in reset.

[0099] In this invention, the central flow-guiding and resetting energy-dissipating component 3 exhibits clear functional stratification and strong synergy under multiple working conditions, including blast-resistant and earthquake-resistant applications. Specifically, under blast-resistant conditions, the spiral streamline configuration is used to orderly guide and unload the blast shock wave, weakening the direct impact of the shock wave on the column base. At the same time, the superelastic deformation of the SMA dissipates the kinetic energy of the blast impact, effectively protecting the safety of the column base structure of the four-limb lattice circular tube column.

[0100] Under seismic conditions, on the one hand, the superelastic deformation of the SMA spiral flow self-resetting stiffening rib 301 dissipates the seismic input energy, and together with the bottom arc-shaped friction pad 202 and the subsequently assembled upper bidirectional tension and compression spring 402, a triple synergistic energy dissipation mechanism is formed, which combines the superelastic energy dissipation of the stiffening rib, the energy dissipation of the bottom interface friction, and the energy dissipation of the top spring damping, which significantly reduces the seismic energy input and suppresses excessive lateral displacement of the column base; on the other hand, relying on the linkage and regulation of the temperature sensor 302 and the external temperature control system, the shape memory recovery characteristics of the SMA are stably stimulated, and with the elastic rebound assistance of the upper bidirectional tension and compression spring 402, the column base can be accurately self-reset after the earthquake.

[0101] Meanwhile, the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffener 301 itself has good structural stiffness, which can reasonably guide the transmission path of seismic horizontal force, avoid stress concentration in key weak parts of column base, effectively constrain and reduce the development of plastic deformation of column base, and further improve the safety reserve and service reliability of the overall structure under extreme loads.

[0102] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component 4 is sleeved on the outside of the main limb 101 and fixedly connected to the upper end of multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs 301. The whole can stably bear the upper vertical load and resist the external lateral impact caused by explosion and earthquake. It can also generate elastic reciprocating deformation under horizontal and vertical dynamic loads. Through its own elastic deformation and damping effect, it continuously dissipates the impact energy. Together with the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2 and the middle flow guiding reset energy dissipation component 3, it forms a three-level collaborative energy dissipation protection system.

[0103] In some embodiments, the upper support elastic energy dissipation component 4 includes a rigid support top plate 401 and multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402; the rigid support top plate 401 is integrally sleeved on the outside of the main limb 101, and a uniform circumferential assembly gap 4011 is reserved between the inner wall of the rigid support top plate 401 and the outer wall of the main limb 101; the multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 are uniformly arranged in the horizontal radial direction inside the circumferential assembly gap 4011 with a preset preload.

[0104] It is easy to understand that the preset preload state means that after the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 is assembled, it is neither loose and suspended nor over-compressed, and always maintains the initial compressed preload posture. This ensures that the spring is in close contact with the rigid support plate 401 and the main limb 101 when there is no external load. Once a small horizontal relative displacement occurs, it can immediately participate in tension and compression deformation and damping energy dissipation, eliminate assembly gaps and ensure timely and sensitive energy dissipation and reset response.

[0105] The outer end of each set of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 is detachably fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support plate 401, while the inner end is detachably assembled and fixed to the outer wall of the main limb 101, which facilitates later maintenance and single-part replacement.

[0106] See Figure 4 The bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 specifically includes a spring mounting base 4021, a damper housing 4022, damping fluid, a piston 4024 with a throttling orifice, a piston rod 4025, and a return spring 4026.

[0107] The spring mounting base 4021 is detachably and fixedly installed on the inner peripheral wall of the rigid support plate 401; the damper housing 4022 is detachably and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main limb 101 and is arranged coaxially with the spring mounting base 4021. The damper housing 4022 has a sealed piston sealing cavity 4023 formed inside; the damping fluid is sealed and filled inside the piston sealing cavity 4023; the piston 4024 with a throttling orifice is slidably and sealed in the piston sealing cavity 4023 and can slide back and forth along the cavity axis; the outer end of the piston rod 4025 is fastened to the spring mounting base 4021, and the inner end is fixedly connected to the piston 4024 with the throttling orifice; the return spring 4026 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 4025, and the two ends of the return spring 4026 elastically abut against the spring mounting base 4021 and the end of the damper housing 4022, respectively.

[0108] Furthermore, the bidirectional tension / compression spring 402 also has an oil reservoir 4027 inside, which is integrated into the damper housing 4022 and communicates with the piston sealing cavity 4023. Specifically, the oil reservoir 4027 and the piston sealing cavity 4023 are interconnected through a microchannel opened in the cavity wall, allowing the damping fluid inside the two cavities to flow freely and maintain pressure balance.

[0109] The oil reservoir 4027 can compensate for the change in the volume of damping fluid in the piston sealing chamber 4023 during the reciprocating sliding process of the piston in real time, ensuring stable supply of damping fluid pressure and avoiding negative pressure or failure due to lack of fluid. This allows the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 to maintain a continuous and stable damping energy dissipation effect throughout the entire tension and compression stroke, improving the uniformity of energy dissipation and operational reliability under dynamic load.

[0110] When subjected to extreme loads such as earthquakes or explosions, the column bases of the lattice columns undergo horizontal and vertical displacement deformation. The rigid support plate 401 and the main member 101 shift relative to each other, causing each set of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 to undergo tensile or compressive composite deformation synchronously with the structural displacement. During the reciprocating deformation process, the bidirectional tension and compression springs 402, on the one hand, rely on the elastic stiffness of the return spring 4026 itself to offset the external impact load, and on the other hand, dissipate kinetic energy through the reciprocating flow resistance of the damping fluid through the piston throttling orifice. The impact kinetic energy generated by earthquakes and explosions is gradually converted into elastic potential energy and heat energy for dissipation, effectively attenuating the load transmission effect and significantly reducing the damage of extreme loads to the column base nodes and the main structure of the lattice column.

[0111] Meanwhile, the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 adopts a modular and detachable assembly structure. When it suffers fatigue damage, performance degradation or even failure due to long-term repeated tension and compression deformation or strong impact load, there is no need to disassemble the rigid support plate 401 and the main load-bearing components of the four-limb lattice circular tube column. Only the connecting fasteners at both ends of the spring need to be removed to replace the damaged bidirectional tension and compression spring 402. The disassembly and assembly are convenient and the replacement efficiency is high, which significantly reduces the difficulty of later operation and maintenance and the maintenance cost, and ensures the long-term stable service performance of the overall protective structure.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment, the rigid support top plate 401 is specifically composed of four identical segmented unit top plates. The core purpose of the segmented design is to facilitate on-site installation. Each segmented unit top plate can be fitted onto the outer perimeter of the main limb 101 from the outside, and then aligned and fixed circumferentially. This effectively avoids the problems of hoisting difficulties, inaccurate on-site alignment, and insufficient clearance caused by the large size and weight of the integral segmented unit top plate. It is suitable for the spatial layout of the four-limb lattice circular tube column, greatly simplifying on-site construction procedures and improving assembly convenience and splicing accuracy.

[0113] In this invention, the bottom surfaces of the four segmented unit top plates are all cut at a preset angle. This cutting structure can accurately match the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 of the central flow guiding and resetting energy dissipation component 3, achieving a vertical and non-tilted reliable connection. This keeps the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 in an axially stressed state, effectively avoiding additional bending moments and local stress concentrations caused by assembly misalignment. This ensures the stable operation of the stiffening rib's flow guiding, energy dissipation, and self-resetting functions, and extends the overall service life of the component.

[0114] See also Figure 1 The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure also includes an explosion-proof reinforcement structure 7. The explosion-proof reinforcement structure 7 is a stiffening rib plate arranged at the intersection of the main limb 101 and the lacing strip 102. It specifically strengthens the key stress nodes locally to significantly improve the explosion-proof bearing capacity, shear strength and overall connection stiffness of the node area.

[0115] In this invention, the number of stiffening ribs can be flexibly determined according to the actual stress level and load conditions of the main member 101 and the lacing 102 node. At the same time, the stiffening ribs are made of metal materials that are the same as or compatible with the main member 101 and the lacing 102 in terms of mechanical properties, which effectively avoids the problem of inconsistent stress distribution at the node caused by differences in the linear expansion coefficient and mechanical properties of the materials. It also reduces the risk of electrochemical corrosion between different metals and avoids corrosion failure, weakening of connection and other defects in the node during long-term service.

[0116] The stiffening ribs are securely fixed at the junction of the main limb 101 and the lacing 102 by full welding or high-strength bolts. This effectively enhances the tensile, shear and impact bearing capacity of the joint, constrains the development of plastic deformation of the joint, and significantly reduces the risk of cracking, instability or even brittle fracture of the joint under the action of explosive shock waves and strong earthquake loads. This ensures the integrity of the overall spatial force system of the four-limb lattice circular tube column and the structural stability under extreme working conditions.

[0117] The present invention also proposes an installation method for the above-mentioned explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure, comprising the following steps:

[0118] Installation of lattice column 1: First, assemble multiple main members 101 and multiple lacing strips 102 to form a complete lattice column 1, and then hoist the lattice column 1 to the preset installation position of the column foundation for installation.

[0119] Installation of bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2: First, screw one end of the pre-embedded fixing anchor 5 into the pre-set threaded hole of the column foundation (cup-mouth foundation). Then, put the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201 with polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the bottom surface onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the main limb 101, and make the pre-embedded fixing anchor 5 penetrate through the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201. Finally, tighten with nut 6 to complete the anchoring and fixing of bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2.

[0120] This step also includes multiple arc-shaped friction pads 202. Specifically, the multiple arc-shaped friction pads 202 are first embedded and fixed inside the column foundation (cup-shaped foundation) according to the preset position, ensuring that the arc-shaped side of the arc-shaped friction pad 202 is firmly attached to the column foundation and fixed in place, and that its top is flat. After the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is fitted and leveled, the bottom surface of the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is made to fit tightly with the top of the arc-shaped friction pad 202, so as to achieve precise assembly of the arc-shaped friction pad 202 and the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201, laying the foundation for subsequent friction energy dissipation.

[0121] Installation of the middle flow guide reset energy dissipation component 3: Multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the main limb 101, and their lower ends are welded or bolted to the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201 of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2.

[0122] In this step, the central flow guide and reset energy-consuming component 3 also integrates a temperature sensor 302. Specifically, the temperature sensor 302 is tightly attached to the outer wall of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301. After checking the integrity of the temperature sensor 302 and the smoothness of the wiring, it is connected to the matching external temperature control system to ensure that the temperature sensor 302 can normally collect the working temperature of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301, and that the external temperature control system can achieve precise temperature control.

[0123] Installation of the upper support elastic energy dissipation component 4: First, the rigid support top plate 401 is sleeved on the outside of the main limb 101, and its bottom is welded or bolted to the top of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301. Then, in the circumferential assembly gap 4011 between the rigid support top plate 401 and the main limb 101, multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 are detachably and fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support top plate 401 and the outer wall of the main limb 101 in a pre-tightened state, ensuring that the bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 are firmly installed and the pre-tightening amount meets the design requirements.

[0124] In one specific embodiment, the installation method of the explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure includes the following steps:

[0125] Installation of lattice column 1: First, according to the design drawings, assemble and weld multiple main members 101 and multiple lacing strips 102 to form a complete lattice column 1. After assembly, use hoisting equipment to accurately hoist the lattice column 1 to the preset installation position of the column foundation (cup-shaped foundation). Adjust the horizontal position and verticality of the lattice column 1, and use temporary support components to fix it firmly to ensure that the lattice column 1 is in place without deviation or shaking, providing a precise benchmark for the subsequent installation of various protective components.

[0126] Installation of bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component 2: First, clean the cup-mouth foundation (column foundation), check and repair the pre-set threaded holes on the foundation to ensure that the threads are intact and the installation surface is flat; then, accurately embed multiple arc-shaped friction pads 202 into the cup-mouth foundation according to the preset positions and fix them firmly, ensuring that the top of each arc-shaped friction pad 202 is flat and that there are no protrusions or debris on the contact surface with the subsequent rigid energy dissipation base plate 201; then, screw one end of the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolt 5 (double-ended stud) completely into the pre-set threaded hole of the cup-mouth foundation. After internal tightening to ensure reliable anchoring, the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 (composed of four sub-base plates) with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is then fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the main limb 101, so that the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolts 5 correspond to the through holes on the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201. The rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is leveled to ensure that its bottom surface is tightly fitted with the top of the pre-embedded arc-shaped friction pad 202. Then, flat washers and spring washers are fitted in, and nuts 6 are tightened in two stages to complete the overall anchoring and fixing of the bottom anchoring friction energy-dissipating component 2.

[0127] Installation of the middle flow guide reset energy dissipation component 3: Multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the main limb 101. The verticality of the stiffening ribs is adjusted so that their lower ends are precisely fitted with the top cutting surface of the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201 of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component 2. The components are then fixed by welding or fastening with high-strength bolts.

[0128] In this step, the central flow guide reset energy-consuming component 3 also integrates a temperature sensor 302. Specifically, the temperature sensor 302 is tightly attached to the outer wall of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs 301. After checking the integrity of the temperature sensor 302 and the smoothness of the wiring, it is connected to the matching external temperature control system to ensure that the temperature acquisition and control functions can be realized normally.

[0129] Installation of the upper support elastic energy dissipation component 4: First, the rigid support top plate 401 (assembled from four segmented top plates) is fitted onto the outside of the main limb 101. The level of the top plate is adjusted so that its bottom is precisely fitted with the top cutting surface of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301. The rigid support top plate 401 and the top of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301 are fastened and fixed by welding or high-strength bolts, and a circumferential assembly gap 4011 is reserved between the rigid support top plate 401 and the main limb 101. Then, within the circumferential assembly gap 4011, multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 are arranged horizontally and radially in a preset pre-tightened state. The two ends of each set of bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 are detachably fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support top plate 401 and the outer wall of the main limb 101. The initial pre-tightness of the bidirectional tension and compression springs 402 is adjusted, and their tension and compression rebound functions are tested to ensure that the springs work reliably.

[0130] In this embodiment, more specifically, it mainly includes:

[0131] The first step is to assemble and weld multiple main members and multiple lacing strips into an integral lattice column according to the design specifications; then, hoist the assembled lattice column into place above the cup-shaped foundation, perform preliminary alignment and temporary support fixation to ensure that the column is vertical and centered, providing a benchmark for the subsequent installation of column base protective components.

[0132] The second step is to clean the debris inside the cup-shaped foundation and check the position accuracy, diameter, and depth of the pre-set threaded holes. If there is concrete residue or thread damage, special tools must be used to clean and repair it to ensure the threaded holes are intact. According to the design requirements, a groove matching the arc-shaped friction pad 202 is excavated at the designated position in the cup-shaped foundation. The arc-shaped friction pad 202 is placed in the groove and fixed firmly, ensuring that the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped friction pad 202 fits tightly with the groove and is accurately positioned. One end of the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolt 5 (double-ended stud) is fully screwed into the pre-set threaded hole of the cup-shaped foundation. During the screwing process, a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque. The tightening force is strictly controlled according to the design requirements to ensure that the anchor bolt is firmly connected to the foundation without stripping, loosening, or other issues, providing a reliable anchoring foundation for the subsequent installation of the base plate.

[0133] The third step is to check the integrity of the PTFE coating on the bottom surface of the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201. If there are any problems such as coating damage or peeling, timely recoating is required to ensure the friction surface is intact. Then, the four segmented base plates are hoisted onto the cup-mouth foundation, precisely aligned with the position of the pre-embedded fixing anchor bolts 5, so that the through holes on the base plates accurately pass through the other end of the double-ended studs. The position of the base plates is adjusted so that the cutting surface of the top surface of the base plates is aligned with the installation direction of the subsequent SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs 301. At the same time, a level is used to measure the top of the base plates in real time. If there is any tilting deviation, it is corrected by finely adjusting the thin steel shims on the top of the arc-shaped friction pad 202 to ensure that the bottom surface of the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is tightly fitted with the top of the pre-embedded arc-shaped friction pad 202 without any gaps. Flat washers and spring washers are sequentially installed on the threaded section of the double-ended stud extending out of the base plate, and then the nut 6 is tightened. The nut is tightened twice with a torque wrench (first pre-tightening, second final tightening) to prevent the base plate from warping or deforming due to uneven force, and to ensure that the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 is installed firmly and is level and flat.

[0134] The fourth step is to check the appearance quality of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301, carefully checking for defects such as bending, cracks, and deformation to ensure the stiffening rib structure is intact; at the same time, check the integrity of the probe of the temperature sensor 302 on the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 and the condition of the wire insulation layer to confirm that there are no problems such as probe damage, wire breakage, or poor insulation, to ensure that the temperature acquisition function is normal; according to the design quantity, multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs 301 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the main limb 101, and one end of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is precisely attached to the cutting surface of the top surface of the rigid energy dissipation base plate 201, and the bottom end of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is fixed to the base plate by welding or high-strength bolts; If welding is used, a low-current layered welding process must be employed, with strict control of interlayer temperature to avoid damaging the shape memory properties of the SMA material. If bolted connections are used, a torque wrench must be used to control the tightening torque to ensure a tight connection between the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 and the base plate, with no relative looseness. The verticality of each SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 should be adjusted one by one, using a level or plumb bob for calibration to ensure that the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is not tilted relative to the top surface of the base plate. After adjustment, the spacing of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 should be checked to ensure that the spacing of each SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is uniform and consistent, providing a precise docking foundation for the subsequent installation of the rigid support top plate 401.

[0135] Fifth, check the matching degree between the cutting angle of the bottom surface of the rigid support top plate 401 and the cutting angle of the top surface of the rigid energy dissipation bottom plate 201. After confirming that the angles are consistent and the fit is tight, hoist the four segmented top plates to the top of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301, so that the cutting surface of the bottom surface of the top plate is completely fitted with the top of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301, and the side of the top plate faces the same direction as the installation direction of the main limb 101; use the same connection method as the bottom end of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 (welding or high-strength bolt connection). The top of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301 is fixed to the bottom surface of the rigid support top plate 401. During the connection process, the level of the top surface of the top plate is monitored simultaneously with a level to ensure that the level of the top plate and the level of the bottom plate are controlled within the design allowable range to avoid the overall force displacement of the column base. After the top plate and the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301 are firmly connected, the circumferential assembly gap between the rigid support top plate 401 and the main limb 101 is checked. If the gap does not meet the design requirements, the position of the top plate needs to be finely adjusted until the gap is uniform and meets the preset standard.

[0136] Step 6: Apply anti-rust grease evenly to the sides of the rigid support plate 401 and the outer wall of the main limb 101 corresponding to the installation positions of the bidirectional tension and compression springs to prevent rust from affecting the reliability of the spring connection. Then, fix one end of the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support plate 401 through a connector (bolt or clip), and fix the other end to the outer wall of the main limb 101 through the same connector. Adjust the initial compression of the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 to ensure that the spring is in the preset pre-tightened state without any looseness, jamming, or over-compression. During the installation process, the initial length of each bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 should be recorded in detail for comparison and verification during subsequent maintenance and inspection. Manually push the rigid support plate 401 to simulate a small horizontal displacement and test the tensile and compressive response performance of the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 to confirm that the spring deformation is smooth and without jamming, and that the spring can rebound to the initial state on its own after the displacement is restored. If any abnormality is found, check in time whether the connector is loose or whether the spring itself has quality problems. Replace or adjust it if necessary to ensure that the spring works reliably.

[0137] Step 7: Prepare stiffening ribs (explosion-resistant reinforced structure 7) of the same or compatible material as the main limb 101 and lacing 102 according to the design quantity. Clean the surface rust, oil, and dust at the joint between the main limb 101 and lacing 102. Sand the surface until the metal luster is exposed to ensure that the joint surface is clean and free of impurities, thus ensuring the connection strength. Attach the stiffening ribs to the joint between the main limb and lacing, and fix them by welding or high-strength bolts. If welding is used, protective measures must be taken, such as using a fire blanket to prevent weld spatter from damaging the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 or the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402. If bolts are used, tighten them step by step in a diagonal sequence to ensure that the joint is evenly stressed and free of stress concentration. After the stiffening ribs are installed, use ultrasonic testing to check the weld quality and identify any welding defects such as incomplete penetration or cracks. Alternatively, use a torque wrench to check the bolt tightening torque to ensure that the joint connection strength meets the explosion-resistant design requirements and that there are no welding defects or loose bolts.

[0138] Step 8: Connect the wires of temperature sensor 302 to the corresponding external temperature control system, debug the temperature acquisition function, and compare the temperature acquired by the sensor with the measurement value of a standard thermometer to ensure that the error is controlled within the design allowable range; at the same time, debug the heating and heat preservation functions of the temperature control system, preset the SMA material shape memory effect trigger temperature threshold, and ensure that the system can automatically stop heating when the temperature reaches the threshold and automatically start heating when the temperature is below the threshold, ensuring the stable triggering of the self-resetting function of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib 301; conduct a final comprehensive inspection of the connection parts of each component in the cup mouth foundation, confirming that all bolts are tightened in place, the welding quality is qualified, the bidirectional tension and compression spring 402 is debugged normally, and the connection between temperature sensor 302 and temperature control system is unobstructed, without any looseness, damage or abnormality; use micro-expansion concrete to pour a second layer of concrete for the cup mouth foundation. During construction, the concrete is gently vibrated with a vibrator to ensure that it fills the gap between the foundation and the rigid energy-dissipating base plate 201 and the arc-shaped friction pad 202, without any air bubbles, voids, or leaks. The temporary support structure around the cup-shaped foundation is removed, and then the column base is visually inspected to confirm that there are no problems such as concrete cracking, component deformation, or coating damage. Functional verification is performed: by simulating seismic loads, it is observed whether the column base can self-reset after deformation. At the same time, the data of the temperature sensor 302 and the working status of the temperature control system are monitored in real time to confirm that the working temperature of the SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening rib 301 can be stably maintained within the trigger threshold range. The energy dissipation values ​​of each component, including the bottom friction energy dissipation, the middle SMA energy dissipation, and the upper spring energy dissipation, are tested to ensure that all indicators meet the design requirements. After the functional verification is qualified, the installation of the entire explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure is completed.

[0139] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0140] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure for explosion-proof applications, characterized in that, include: A lattice column is composed of multiple main members and multiple lacing strips; The bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component is sleeved on the bottom of the main member and anchored to the column foundation by pre-embedded fixing anchors. The bottom surface of the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component is provided with a friction surface for forming a friction energy dissipation fit with the column foundation. The bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component includes: a rigid energy dissipation base plate, the bottom surface of which is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to form the friction surface; The central flow guiding and resetting energy dissipation component includes multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs, which are arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb. One end of each set of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs is fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component, and the other end extends vertically upward. It is used to guide the impact airflow and buffer the explosive load through the spiral structure, while realizing deformation energy dissipation by means of phase change effect, and autonomously resetting after deformation under force. The upper support elastic energy dissipation component is sleeved on the outside of the main limb and fixedly connected to the other end of the multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guiding self-resetting stiffening ribs. It is used to bear vertical loads, resist external lateral impacts, and dissipate impact energy through its own elastic deformation. The upper support elastic energy dissipation component includes: a rigid support top plate, sleeved on the outside of the main limb, with a circumferential assembly gap reserved between it and the main limb; multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs, arranged horizontally and radially in the circumferential assembly gap in a preset pre-tightened state. One end of the multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs is detachably fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the rigid support top plate, and the other end is detachably fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main limb.

2. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid energy-dissipating base plate has a sleeve hole adapted to the main limb and a through hole adapted to the pre-embedded fixing anchor.

3. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component also includes: Multiple arc-shaped friction pads are arranged circumferentially between the rigid energy-dissipating base plate and the column foundation. One side of the arc-shaped surface of each arc-shaped friction pad is pre-embedded and fixed in the column foundation, and the other side is inserted and fixed to the rigid energy-dissipating base plate, so as to dissipate energy through friction by relative sliding.

4. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the spiral helix angle is 30° to 60°.

5. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs are respectively welded or bolted to the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component and the upper supporting elastic energy dissipation component.

6. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central flow guide and reset energy-consuming component also integrates a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is attached to the outer wall of each group of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs to monitor the SMA working temperature. When the monitored temperature does not reach the shape memory effect trigger threshold, the SMA temperature is adjusted to the trigger threshold range by the matching external temperature control system to achieve self-reset after deformation.

7. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-embedded fixing anchors are multiple and arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb; each pre-embedded fixing anchor uses a double-ended stud, with one end screwed into the pre-set threaded hole of the column foundation, and the other end passing through the bottom anchoring friction energy dissipation component and locked in place by a nut.

8. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional tension / compression spring includes: A spring mounting base is fixedly installed on the inner peripheral wall of the rigid support top plate; The damper housing is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main limb and is coaxially opposite to the spring mounting seat, and a piston sealing cavity is formed inside it; Damping fluid is filled into the piston sealing cavity; A piston with a throttling orifice is slidably and sealingly disposed within the piston sealing cavity; The piston rod has its outer end connected and fixed to the spring mounting seat, and its inner end connected and fixed to the piston containing the throttling orifice; A return spring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, with its two ends elastically abutting against the ends of the spring mounting seat and the damper housing, respectively.

9. The explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An explosion-resistant reinforced structure is provided, wherein the explosion-resistant reinforced structure is a stiffening rib plate provided at the joint between the main limb and the lacing strip, which is used to improve the explosion resistance and shear strength of the joint.

10. A method for installing the column base structure of an explosion-proof self-resetting composite protective lattice column according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Lattice column installation: First, assemble multiple main members and multiple lacing strips to form a complete lattice column, and then hoist it to the preset installation position of the column foundation for installation; Installation of bottom anchor friction energy dissipation components: First, screw one end of the pre-embedded fixing anchor into the pre-set threaded hole of the column foundation. Then, put the rigid energy dissipation base plate with polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the bottom surface onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the main member, and make the pre-embedded fixing anchor penetrate through the rigid energy dissipation base plate. Finally, tighten the nuts to complete the anchoring and fixing of the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation components. Installation of the central flow guide and reset energy dissipation component: Multiple sets of SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening ribs are arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the main limb, and their lower ends are welded or bolted to the bottom anchor friction energy dissipation component for fixation. Installation of the upper support elastic energy dissipation component: First, the rigid support top plate is sleeved on the outside of the main limb, and its bottom is welded or bolted to the top of the SMA spiral flow guide self-resetting stiffening rib. Then, in the circumferential assembly gap between the rigid support top plate and the main limb, multiple sets of bidirectional tension and compression springs are fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the rigid support top plate and the outer wall of the main limb in a preset pre-tightened state.

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