A low-carbon swimming pool roof with flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting
The flared diffused natural ventilation and lighting roof solves the problems of insufficient lighting and glare in indoor swimming pools, achieving low-carbon, safe, and effective natural ventilation and moisture-proofing, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUALAN DESIGN GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing indoor swimming pool roof structures suffer from insufficient sunlight or severe glare in summer, leading to high energy consumption and safety hazards. At the same time, they have low natural ventilation efficiency, high humidity, and are prone to mold growth, making it impossible to effectively manage the indoor hot and humid environment.
Design a flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof, which adopts a variable cross-section light well, galvanized steel profile frame and light-transmitting glass louvers, combined with a rough diffuse reflection coating layer to achieve diffuse reflection and efficient ventilation. Through mathematical modeling, ensure uniform light distribution and block direct light, and use gravity to guide drainage to avoid mirror glare and condensation dripping.
It achieves glare-free, uniform lighting, and low-carbon operation in high humidity and heat environments, reduces air conditioning energy consumption and carbon emissions, improves structural safety and ventilation efficiency, prevents mold growth, and reduces maintenance frequency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122236218B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of skylights, specifically a low-carbon, flared, diffuse-reflection, naturally ventilated skylight for swimming pools. Background Technology
[0002] Swimming is a water sport that combines various swimming techniques with full-body activity. With consistent long-term practice, it can significantly improve physical fitness and is suitable for people of all ages, from the elderly to children. As people's living standards improve, more and more schools are planning and building indoor swimming pools to meet their exercise needs.
[0003] However, in the current context of energy conservation and carbon reduction in large public venues, high-ceiling buildings such as indoor swimming pools face multiple challenges, including high carbon emissions from artificial lighting, severe glare from direct natural light, and structural safety. When indoor swimming pools use vertical, uniform-diameter skylights on their roofs, sunlight is repeatedly reflected, resulting in significant light loss. The light often concentrates below the skylight opening, leading to insufficient indoor illumination and requiring the venue to still operate a large amount of artificial lighting. While flat skylight structures can meet illumination requirements, they suffer from poor structural safety. Furthermore, direct sunlight creates mirror glare on the water surface, severely interfering with the vision of athletes and lifeguards, posing a safety hazard. Flat skylight structures also cannot effectively filter high-energy-density direct sunlight, resulting in stuffy and hot venues. This leads to a surge in indoor cooling load in summer, forcing the air conditioning system to operate under overload conditions and increasing carbon emissions during operation.
[0004] In addition, indoor swimming pools are prone to mold growth due to high humidity. The aforementioned skylight structures have low natural ventilation efficiency and insufficient utilization of thermal / wind pressure, failing to naturally ventilate and remove moisture from indoor swimming pools. Therefore, a multi-functional, flared skylight and ventilation roof that integrates anti-glare, high-efficiency ventilation, and moisture and mold prevention is needed. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-carbon, flared, diffuse reflection, natural ventilation and lighting roof for swimming pools. This low-carbon, flared, diffuse reflection, natural ventilation and lighting roof has good structural safety, good lighting and ventilation effects, can naturally ventilate and remove indoor moisture, and will not form mirror glare on the water surface. Compared with flat skylight structures, it can effectively physically filter high-energy-density direct light, reducing carbon emissions during operation.
[0006] This invention achieves its objective through the following approach: A low-carbon swimming pool roof with flared openings and diffuse reflection for natural ventilation and lighting includes a concrete floor with multiple light wells. The bottom of the concrete floor is connected to and supported by multiple arched rib beams, which are evenly spaced across the width of the swimming pool. The multiple arched rib beams reduce echoes within the swimming pool. The multiple light wells are located between two arched rib beams and arranged in rows along the length of the swimming pool. Each light well has a variable cross-section that gradually widens from top to bottom, with the relationship K = 2H / (W1 - W2), where H is the depth of the light well, W1 is the cross-sectional area of the top opening, W2 is the cross-sectional area of the bottom opening, and K ≥ 2.14. Through a mathematical model, the flared geometric proportions increase the light-emitting area, and the physical structure effectively intercepts most of the high-angle direct light, converting it into gentle diffused light and eliminating glare on the water surface. The top of the light well is covered with a steel frame, and each side of the steel frame is equipped with a transparent glass louver. The top of the steel frame is equipped with a glass skylight.
[0007] The height of the skylight should be no less than 1 meter, and the height of the steel frame should be ≥600 mm. Transparent glass louvers should be installed on the sides to achieve a chimney effect, resulting in higher ventilation efficiency and providing moisture and mildew prevention for the swimming pool. To ensure the steel frame is securely installed in the skylight, it can be pre-embedded in the top of the skylight or fixed with expansion bolts.
[0008] A further preferred embodiment: The steel frame described above is a galvanized steel frame.
[0009] A further preferred embodiment: the light well includes a low light well and a high light well, and the low light well and the high light well are arranged in a regular interval of one high and one low, which can improve the visual aesthetic effect.
[0010] A further preferred embodiment: the bottom surface of the light well is surrounded by a water collection trough, which is connected to a drainage pipe for draining accumulated water. For venues with high humidity and heat environments, this invention abandons complex mechanical dehumidification and adopts a purely physical gravity-guided scheme, integrating optical diffuse reflection, thermal shielding, and structural drainage to form a low-cost, maintenance-free, high-performance integrated green building control solution.
[0011] Further preferred embodiment: The inner wall of the light well is coated with a rough, diffuse reflective coating. The materials used in the rough, diffuse reflective coating are not limited, as long as they achieve the effect of reducing glare and balancing illuminance. For example, a coating made with water-based acrylic adhesive as the base and adding natural quartz sand and other aggregates, or an inorganic silicate coating, can be used. Utilizing the light well as the first thermal barrier, combined with the rough, diffuse reflective coating, glare is reduced and illuminance is balanced. Through a wide-opening, divergent light path design, light can cover a wider area with a divergent angle, achieving "zero artificial lighting" operation indoors during the day. The light well of the skylight roof strictly adheres to the characteristic coefficient K=2H / (W1-W2), and K≥2.14. This value, derived through trigonometric functions, ensures that during the summer period from 11:00 AM to 3:00 PM, when the solar altitude angle is ≥65°, direct sunlight cannot directly enter the room, but is forced to impact the well wall coated with a high-reflectivity coating ρ≥0.92.
[0012] A further preferred embodiment includes a passageway staircase at the top of the concrete floor, connecting it to the existing building's floor level. This passageway staircase allows for easy access between the concrete floor and the existing building's floor at a corresponding height.
[0013] A further preferred embodiment: the top of the concrete floor is provided with a grounded staircase connected to the ground. The top of the concrete floor can be reached from the ground via the grounded staircase.
[0014] A further preferred embodiment is that a drainage ditch is provided on the top of the concrete floor to drain rainwater from the floor, thereby preventing water accumulation on the top of the concrete floor.
[0015] A further preferred embodiment: a flower bed is provided on the top of the concrete floor. The flower bed beautifies the environment above the concrete floor.
[0016] A further preferred embodiment: a safety railing is installed at the top of the concrete floor. The safety railing prevents falls from height and improves the safety of the activity space at the top of the concrete floor.
[0017] A further preferred embodiment: the relationship between the lower corner radius of the arch rib beam and the lower cross-sectional area of the light well is 0.8≤R / W2≤1.1, where R is the lower corner radius. The flared structure of the light well increases the light-emitting area, so that the light after at least one reflection from the well wall shines into the room with a larger scattering angle. This light forms a tangential coupling with the lower arc-shaped arch rib beam with radius R, and slides evenly into the depth of the venue along the arc-shaped beam surface, eliminating the strong light spot below the light opening.
[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the flared, diffused, natural ventilation and lighting roof used in this low-carbon swimming pool has the following advantages: 1. Significantly optimized lighting environment and anti-glare effect: Through a flare design with K≥2.14, the system effectively blocks direct sunlight from entering the room when the sun's altitude angle is high in summer (e.g., ≥65°), avoiding mirror glare caused by direct sunlight hitting the water surface, greatly improving the visual safety of venues such as swimming pools. Utilizing a high-reflectivity layer with ρ≥0.92 and a scale coupling of 0.8≤R / W2≤1.1, the originally concentrated point light source is transformed into a surface light source that smoothly transitions along the curved arched beam surface, eliminating the harsh contrast between strong light spots and dark areas indoors; using the depth of the beam sidewall as a diffusion interface improves the overall uniformity of illumination in the space, eliminating the "harsh brightness discontinuity" caused by traditional lighting openings.
[0019] 2. Solves the problem of condensate dripping in high humidity environments: Utilizing the gravitational component generated by the inclined well wall, the condensate is guided to slide along the wall surface. Through a combination of "physical broken bridge" and "dripping eaves," the water droplets are forced by gravity to "jump" into the hidden collection tank, solving the problem of random dripping that is unavoidable in traditional light wells in humid and hot environments. The system operates entirely based on physical structure, with no moving parts, consumes no electricity, and the collection tank is embedded inside the arch ribs for protection, significantly extending the structure's service life and reducing the frequency of daily cleaning.
[0020] 3. Achieved energy conservation, emission reduction, and low-carbon benefits: The efficient light guiding system ensures that the venue does not require artificial lighting during the day under normal sunlight conditions, significantly reducing the power consumption and carbon emissions of the lighting system. The flared structure and high-reflectivity coating work together to reflect visible light while shielding some infrared radiation heat, reducing secondary radiation heating generated by the light-collecting openings, thereby reducing the cooling load of the air conditioning system in summer.
[0021] 4. High integration of structure and aesthetics: Through the integrated design of lighting, light guiding, drainage and supporting structure, not only is glare-free and uniform natural light diffusion distribution achieved in optics, but the problem of passive condensation management in humid and hot environments is also solved in physics. At the same time, by using specific geometric scale coupling, the functional components are completely visually concealed, which significantly reduces the energy consumption of lighting and air conditioning in the operation of the venue, and has outstanding low-carbon economic benefits and architectural aesthetic value.
[0022] 5. A steel frame is installed on the top of the skylight shaft, and a glass skylight is installed on the top of the steel frame. Transparent glass louvers are installed on the sides to achieve a chimney effect, thereby achieving higher ventilation efficiency and also providing moisture-proof and mildew-proof effects for the swimming pool. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof used in this low-carbon swimming pool. Figure 2 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram of the AA-direction structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof used in this low-carbon swimming pool. The component names with the serial numbers in the diagram are: 1. Arched rib beams; 2. Corridor staircases; 3. Concrete floors; 4. Drainage ditches; 5. Water collection troughs; 6. Low skylights; 7. High skylights; 8. Grounded staircases; 9. Drainage pipes; 10. Flower beds; 11. Safety railings; 12. Rough diffuse reflection coating layer; 13. Steel frame; 14. Translucent glass louvers; 15. Glass skylights. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "middle", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0026] Example 1
[0027] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a low-carbon swimming pool uses a flared, diffuse-reflection, naturally ventilated, and light-transmitting roof, comprising a concrete floor 3 with multiple light wells. The bottom of the concrete floor 3 is connected to and supported by multiple arched rib beams 1, which are evenly spaced across the width of the swimming pool. The multiple light wells are located between two arched rib beams 1, arranged in rows along the length of the swimming pool. Each light well has a variable cross-section that gradually widens from top to bottom, with the relationship K = 2H / (W1 - W2), where H is the depth of the light well, W1 is the cross-sectional area of the top opening, W2 is the cross-sectional area of the bottom opening, and K ≥ 2.14. Through a mathematical model, the flared geometric proportions increase the light-emitting area, and the physical structure effectively intercepts most of the high-angle direct light, converting it into gentle diffused light and eliminating glare on the water surface.
[0028] The light wells include low light wells 6 and high light wells 7, which are arranged in a regular pattern of alternating high and low heights.
[0029] The bottom of the light well is surrounded by a water collection trough 5, which is connected to a drainage pipe 9 for draining water accumulated in the trough. For venues with high humidity and heat environments, this invention abandons complex mechanical dehumidification and adopts a purely physical gravity-guided scheme, combining optical diffuse reflection, thermal shielding, and structural drainage to form a low-cost, maintenance-free, high-performance integrated green building control solution.
[0030] The top of the light well is covered with a steel frame 13, which is made of galvanized steel profile. Light-transmitting glass louvers 14 are installed on all four sides of the steel frame 13. The light-transmitting glass louvers 14 are louvers made of light-transmitting glass and are installed on all four sides of the steel frame 13. A glass skylight 15 is installed on the top of the steel frame 13.
[0031] The inner wall of the light well is coated with a rough diffuse reflection coating layer 12. Utilizing the light well as the first thermal barrier, combined with the rough diffuse reflection coating layer, glare is reduced and illuminance is balanced. Through a flared, divergent light path design, light can cover a wider area at a divergent angle, achieving "zero artificial lighting" operation indoors during the day. The light well of the skylight roof strictly adheres to the characteristic coefficient K=2H / (W1-W2), and K≥2.14. This value, derived through trigonometric functions, ensures that during the summer period from 11:00 AM to 3:00 PM, when the solar altitude angle is ≥65°, direct sunlight cannot directly enter the room but is instead forced to impact the well wall coated with a high-reflectivity coating ρ≥0.92.
[0032] The concrete floor 3 has a passageway staircase 2 connecting to the existing building floor at its top. The concrete floor 3 also has a ground-level staircase 8 connecting to the ground at its top. A drainage ditch 4 is provided at the top of the concrete floor 3 to drain rainwater from the floor. A flower bed 10 is provided at the top of the concrete floor 3. A safety railing 11 is provided at the top of the concrete floor 3.
[0033] The relationship between the lower corner radius of the arch rib beam 1 and the lower cross-sectional area of the skylight is 0.8≤R / W2≤1.1, where R is the lower corner radius. The flared structure of the skylight increases the light-emitting area, so that the light after at least one reflection from the skylight wall shines into the room with a larger scattering angle. This light forms a tangential coupling with the lower arc-shaped arch rib beam with radius R, and slides evenly into the depth of the venue along the arc-shaped beam surface, eliminating the strong light spot below the skylight.
[0034] The skylights using the variable cross-section shaft of this application, after glare analysis and calculation using DALI software according to the "Standard for Daylighting Design of Buildings" GB50033-2013, all met the standard limit requirements. GB-DALI is the first software in China to be compatible with the national standard "Standard for Daylighting Design of Buildings" GB50033-2013. Its daylighting coefficient calculation supports simulation, formula, and formula extension methods, with the simulation method using Radiance as the core calculation element. Glare analysis and calculation using a flat skylight structure cannot meet the standard limit requirements; compared with a vertical constant-diameter structure skylight, the variable cross-section shaft of this application has higher indoor illumination. The light well of this application is covered with a steel frame 13 on the top of the well (the steel frame 13 is equipped with light-transmitting glass louvers 14 on all four sides, the light-transmitting glass louvers 14 are louvers made of light-transmitting glass, which are installed on all four sides of the steel frame 13, and a glass light roof 15 is installed on the top of the steel frame 13). Compared with a light roof that directly covers the top of the light well with glass, the indoor temperature is more than 3°C lower in summer and the indoor air humidity is more than 10% lower.
[0035] The above description is not intended to limit this application, nor is this application limited to the examples described above. Any changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this application should fall within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A low-carbon swimming pool with flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation lighting roof, comprising a concrete floor (3), the concrete floor (3) is provided with a plurality of light wells, characterized in that, The bottom of the concrete floor (3) is connected to and supported by multiple arch rib beams (1), which are evenly distributed and spaced across the width of the swimming pool. The multiple light wells are located between two arch rib beams (1) and are arranged in rows along the length of the swimming pool. The light wells are light wells with variable cross-sections that gradually expand from the top to the bottom. The relationship is K=2H / (W1-W2), where H is the depth of the light well, W1 is the cross-sectional area of the top opening, W2 is the cross-sectional area of the bottom opening, and K≥2.
14. The top of the light well is covered with a steel frame (13), and the steel frame (13) is equipped with light-transmitting glass louvers (14) on all four sides. The top of the steel frame (13) is equipped with a glass light roof (15). The relationship between the lower corner radius of the arch rib beam (1) and the lower cross-sectional area of the light well is 0.8≤R / W2≤1.1, where R is the lower corner radius.
2. The flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof for low-carbon swimming pools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light wells include low light wells (6) and high light wells (7), and the low light wells (6) and high light wells (7) are arranged in a regular pattern of alternating high and low.
3. The flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof for low-carbon swimming pools according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the light well is surrounded by a water collection trough (5), and the water collection trough (5) is connected to a drain pipe (9) for draining the water accumulated in the water collection trough.
4. The flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof for low-carbon swimming pools according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the light well is coated with a paint layer (12).
5. The flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof for low-carbon swimming pools according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drainage ditch (4) is provided on the top of the concrete floor (3) to drain rainwater from the floor.
6. The flared diffuse reflection natural ventilation and lighting roof for low-carbon swimming pools according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, A flower bed (10) is provided on the top of the concrete floor (3).