Vertical drilling tool and method of vertical drilling thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a vertical drilling tool and a vertical drilling method thereof. The vertical drilling tool provided by this invention includes a command transmission device and a downhole device. The command transmission device is used to intervene in the drilling fluid discharge rate in the wellbore according to the operation command to be issued. The downhole device identifies the corresponding operation command based on the change pattern of the drilling fluid discharge rate, and controls the magnitude of the thrust force acting on the wellbore and configures the working mode of the downhole device based on the identified operation command, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills vertically. The solution of this invention allows for changes in the thrust force or the working mode of the drilling tool without tripping the drill string during the drilling process, thus improving both drilling efficiency and the adaptability of the vertical drilling tool to different formations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration, and more particularly to a vertical drilling tool and a vertical drilling method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's oil and gas resource exploration and development moves towards deeper terrain, the challenge of preventing deviation and quickly drilling in steep, high-angle, easily tilted strata such as piedmont structures and thrust-overburden formations has become a global problem for major oilfields, especially in the western region. Conventional drilling tool combinations cannot meet the technical requirements of these complex strata, severely restricting the quality of drilling projects and the progress and benefits of oil and gas field exploration and development.

[0003] Vertical drilling tools are advanced drilling tools that can automatically correct deviations downhole and keep the drill bit vertical, meeting the technical requirements of complex formations. However, during drilling with these tools, researchers have found that the thrust wings, thrust force, and deviation control algorithms of vertical drilling tools often need adjustment depending on the different lithologies of the formations. Typically, adjusting vertical drilling tools requires bringing the tool out of the ground to modify settings and adjust corresponding components or parameters, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing operational efficiency and increasing labor and time costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a vertical drilling tool and a vertical drilling method thereof, which solves the problem that when adjusting the magnitude of the pushing force or the working mode of the drilling tool, it is necessary to lift the drilling tool out of the ground for adjustment.

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical drilling tool, which includes: a command transmission device located on the ground and a downhole device located in the wellbore.

[0006] The command transmission device is configured to intervene in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore based on the operation command to be issued; The downhole equipment is configured to identify corresponding operating commands based on changes in drilling fluid discharge, and to control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or configure the working mode of the downhole equipment based on the identified operating commands, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0007] In some implementations, the command transmission device includes: A bypass valve used for connection to a riser; The command transmission unit is connected to the bypass valve. The command transmission unit is configured to control the opening and closing degree of the bypass valve according to the operation command to be issued, so as to intervene the drilling fluid discharge rate entering the wellbore through the riser.

[0008] In some embodiments, the downhole device includes a power supply system and a vertical guidance system; the power supply system includes a generator and a command receiving unit; The generator is configured to change its frequency as the drilling fluid discharge rate changes; The instruction receiving unit is configured to identify the corresponding operation instruction based on the variation pattern of the generator frequency. The vertical guidance system is configured to control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or configure the working mode of the downhole equipment according to the operation commands identified by the command receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0009] In some implementations, the vertical guidance system includes: a control unit, a motor, and a solenoid valve; The control unit is configured to configure the operating mode based on the identified operating commands, and to control the power supply to and off of the motor and solenoid valve based on the configured operating mode.

[0010] In some implementations, the operating mode includes a real-time tilt correction mode; The control unit is configured to perform the following steps based on the real-time tilt correction mode: The on / off state of the corresponding solenoid valve is controlled by the high edge of the wellbore, so that the corresponding pusher blade pushes against the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0011] In some implementations, the operating mode includes a periodic skew correction mode; The control unit is configured to perform the following steps based on the periodic skew correction mode: During a correction cycle, all solenoid valves are de-energized for a preset duration to keep the downhole equipment in a centered and stable inclination state. The remaining duration and the corresponding solenoid valves are energized according to the wellbore height to make the corresponding pusher blades push against the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the vertical guidance system further includes a proportional relief valve; the operating instructions include a first configuration push force instruction; The control unit is configured to control the magnitude of the push force generated by the proportional relief valve based on the received first configuration push force command, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0013] In some implementations, the vertical guidance system further includes a proportional valve control circuit board; The control unit is configured to generate a second configuration push force command based on the received first configuration push force command and send it to the proportional valve control circuit board. The proportional valve control circuit board is configured to output a current of a corresponding magnitude to the proportional relief valve based on the received second configuration push force command; The proportional relief valve is configured to generate a corresponding pushing force based on the received current, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0014] In some implementations, the proportional relief valve includes: Valve housing; A coil is installed inside the valve housing; the coil is used to receive current and generate a corresponding electromagnetic force. A valve core is installed inside the coil; the valve core is used to generate a pushing force on the well wall under the action of electromagnetic force.

[0015] In some embodiments, the proportional relief valve further includes: An armature is located inside the coil and is positioned opposite the valve core. The end of the armature furthest from the valve core has a groove. An elastic component, a portion of which is placed within a groove in the armature, to apply a thrust to the valve core via the armature; An adjusting component is provided, which is positioned opposite to the armature; a groove is provided at one end of the adjusting component near the armature, and the other part of the elastic component is placed in the groove of the adjusting component; the adjusting component is used to press the elastic component.

[0016] In some embodiments, the proportional relief valve further includes: The base is fixedly connected to the valve housing; a portion of the base is placed inside the valve housing and close to the coil and armature; the base has a through hole, and the end of the adjusting component away from the armature passes through the through hole of the base; The fixing component is connected to the end of the adjusting component away from the armature and is pressed against the end face of the base away from the coil.

[0017] In some implementations, the downhole device further includes a signal uploading system; The control unit is also configured to receive drilling data and transmit the drilling data to the terminal equipment via a signal upload system; The instruction receiving unit is also configured to transmit the identified operation instructions to the control unit; The control unit is also configured to stop receiving and transmitting drilling data after receiving the identified operation command, and to feed back the identified operation command to the terminal device through the signal upload system; and to resume receiving and uploading drilling data after the identified operation command has been fed back.

[0018] In some implementations, the downhole device is also configured to acquire drilling data while recognizing corresponding operating instructions based on changes in the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the wellbore, and transmit the acquired drilling data to terminal equipment.

[0019] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a vertical drilling method for a vertical drilling tool, the vertical drilling method comprising: Based on the command transmission device, the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore is intervened according to the operation command to be issued; Based on the downhole equipment, the corresponding operation commands are identified according to the changes in the drilling fluid discharge into the wellbore. Based on the identified operation commands, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole equipment is controlled, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0020] In some implementations, intervening in the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the wellbore based on an operational command to be issued includes: The drilling fluid discharge rate is kept within a certain range according to the operation instructions to be issued.

[0021] In some implementations, based on the downhole equipment, corresponding operating commands are identified according to changes in the drilling fluid flow rate into the wellbore, and the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or the operating mode of the downhole equipment is controlled based on the identified operating commands, including: For generators based on downhole equipment, the generator frequency changes as the drilling fluid discharge rate changes; Based on the command receiving unit of the downhole device, the corresponding operation command is identified according to the change pattern of the generator frequency; The vertical guidance system based on the downhole device controls the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or configures the working mode of the downhole device according to the operation commands identified by the command receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0022] In some implementations, a vertical guidance system based on a downhole device, according to operating instructions identified by an instruction receiving unit or the configuration of the downhole device's operating mode, ensures that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction, including: The control unit based on the vertical guidance system configures the working mode of the downhole device according to the identified operating instructions, so that the control unit controls the energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve based on the configured working mode, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0023] In some implementations, a vertical guidance system based on a downhole device controls the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore according to operating commands identified by a command receiving unit, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction, including: The control unit based on the vertical guide system generates a second configuration push force command based on the received first configuration push force command and sends it to the proportional valve control circuit board. The proportional valve control circuit board based on the vertical guide system outputs a current of corresponding magnitude to the proportional relief valve according to the received second configuration push force command; The proportional relief valve configuration based on the vertical guidance system generates a corresponding pushing force according to the received current, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0024] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a vertical drilling tool and a vertical drilling method thereof. The drilling tool and method provided by this invention can intervene in the drilling fluid entering the wellbore through a command transmission device. Changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate can be monitored through downhole equipment, and corresponding operating commands can be identified based on these changes. Therefore, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or the working mode of the downhole equipment can be controlled according to the identified operating commands. This achieves indirect control of the downhole equipment through the command transmission device. The entire vertical drilling process can be completed without tripping the drill string, allowing for changes in the pushing force or the drilling tool's working mode, thus improving drilling efficiency and the adaptability of the vertical drilling tool to different formations. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a command transmission device for a vertical drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole device of a vertical drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the instruction receiving unit in the diagram; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole device of a vertical drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of a vertical guidance system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5b for Figure 5a Schematic diagram of a medium-proportion overflow valve; Figure 6 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the vertical guide system along the AA direction; Figure 7 A flowchart of a vertical drilling method using drilling tools provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 12: Downhole equipment; 111: Riser; 112: Command transmission device; 113: Pressure sensor; 114: Decoding unit; 1121: Bypass valve; 1122: Command transmission unit; 121: Power supply system; 1212: Command receiving unit; 122: Vertical guidance system; 1211: Generator; 1221: Control unit; 1222: Solenoid valve; 1223: Proportional relief valve; 1224: Proportional valve control circuit board; 123: Signal uploading system; 51: Valve housing; 52: Coil; 53: Valve core; 54: Armature; 55: Elastic component; 56: Adjusting component; 57: Base; and 58: Fixing component. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0030] Vertical drilling tools are advanced drilling tools that can automatically correct deviations downhole and keep the drill bit vertical, meeting the needs of steep foreland structures, thrust-thrust bodies, and other highly inclined formations. However, during drilling with these tools, exploration personnel have found that the settings for the vertical drilling tool, such as the thrust and deviation control algorithm, often need to be adjusted depending on the lithology of each formation. To make these adjustments, drilling personnel need to bring the drilling tool to the surface to modify the settings. This method of setting changes is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing drilling efficiency and increasing labor and time costs.

[0031] The following section describes drilling problems encountered after vertical drilling tools are inserted into the well, based on actual application scenarios.

[0032] Application Scenario 1: After drilling tools are lowered into the well, drilling personnel encounter different formations and find that the push force setting is too high and causes resistance, or the push force is too low and does not correct the deviation. Only after the drilling tools are brought to the surface can the push force be adjusted to be reduced or increased accordingly before being lowered into the well again, which in turn affects the drilling cycle.

[0033] Application Scenario 2: After the vertical drilling tool enters the well, the drilling personnel find that it is necessary to retract the thrust and open the wing to open the hole with a large displacement or to use a small thrust to support the well wall in the center. In order to adapt to different drilling conditions, the tool control strategy needs to be changed downhole.

[0034] In view of this, in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical drilling tool. This drilling tool can intervene in the drilling fluid entering the wellbore through a command transmission device. The downhole device can monitor the change in drilling fluid discharge and identify the corresponding operation command based on the change in drilling fluid discharge. Thus, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device can be controlled according to the identified operation command. This achieves indirect control of the downhole device through the command transmission device. The entire vertical drilling process can be completed without tripping the drill string, thereby changing the magnitude of the pushing force or the working mode of the drilling tool. This improves both drilling efficiency and the adaptability of the vertical drilling tool to different formations.

[0035] A first aspect of this invention provides a vertical drilling tool. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drilling tool includes a command transmission device 112 located on the surface and a downhole device 12 located in the wellbore. The command transmission device 112 is configured to intervene in the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the wellbore according to the operation command to be issued. The downhole device 12 is configured to identify the corresponding operation command based on the change in drilling fluid flow rate, and control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or configure the working mode of the downhole device based on the identified operation command, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The command transmission device 112 is connected to the riser 111, and the riser 111 is connected to the wellbore. Thus, the command transmission device 112 can intervene in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore according to the operation command to be issued.

[0037] The vertical direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the ground plane.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, control of the downhole equipment is achieved through a command transmission device. The command transmission device can intervene in the drilling fluid entering the wellbore, and the downhole equipment can monitor changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate. Based on the changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate, corresponding operation commands can be identified. Thus, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or the working mode of the downhole equipment can be controlled according to the identified operation commands. Therefore, the magnitude of the pushing force and the working mode of the tool can be changed without tripping the drill string, which improves drilling efficiency and enhances the adaptability of vertical drilling tools to different formations.

[0039] In some embodiments, the downhole device 12 can collect drilling data while identifying corresponding operation commands based on changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore, and transmit the collected drilling data to the terminal device.

[0040] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The command transmission device 112 may include a bypass valve 1121 and a command transmission unit 1122. The bypass valve 1121 is connected to the riser 111. The command transmission unit 1122 is connected to the bypass valve 1121 and is configured to control the opening degree of the bypass valve 1121 according to the operation command to be issued, so as to intervene in the discharge rate of drilling fluid entering the wellbore through the riser.

[0041] The operation instructions to be issued can be operation instructions issued by terminal devices. Terminal devices can be computers, laptops, or other terminal devices. Instructions can be issued to the instruction transmission unit 1122 of the instruction transmission device 112 or other modules / units / devices with communication functions in the downhole equipment through the terminal devices.

[0042] The instruction transmission unit 1122 can be a controller, control box, or other device used to receive and execute operation instructions to be sent.

[0043] In a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 1 Arrange the various devices on the ground as follows Figure 1 After connection, the bypass valve 1121 is connected to the manifold, the throttle valve for adjusting the discharge flow rate is opened to the appropriate position, the bypass valve control panel is connected to the command transmission unit 1122, and the gas source is connected.

[0044] Based on usage requirements, the necessary commands to be sent are pre-configured in the host computer software. When a command needs to be sent, the user selects the command to be sent in the host computer software and clicks the button to send it.

[0045] The instruction transmission unit 1122, according to the instructions received from the host computer software and in accordance with the pre-set program, regularly energizes and de-energizes the bypass valve 1121, thereby activating the gas source switch orifice valve and causing the drilling fluid in the riser 111 to leak out.

[0046] Bypass valve 1121 affects the flow rate of drilling fluid in the wellbore by the duration of its energization and de-energization.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, commands issued by the command issuing unit can control the energization and de-energization duration of the bypass valve, thereby changing the drilling fluid discharge rate in the wellbore. This allows the downhole equipment to generate corresponding operating commands based on the monitored changes in drilling fluid discharge rate, controlling the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or configuring the downhole equipment's operating mode, ensuring that the drill bit always drills vertically.

[0048] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The vertical drilling tool may also include a pressure sensor 113. The pressure sensor 113 is configured to monitor the pressure signal of the drilling fluid in the riser 112 and transmit the pressure fluctuation signal to a terminal.

[0049] By uploading the pressure fluctuation signal of the drilling fluid in the riser to the terminal equipment through the pressure sensor, the drilling fluid discharge can be monitored on the terminal equipment.

[0050] In a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 1 The vertical drilling tool may also include a decoding unit 114. The decoding unit 114 is used to convert the pressure signal monitored by the pressure sensor into a format that can be recognized by the terminal device.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure sensor 113 transmits the sensed pressure signal to the terminal device, and the terminal device sends control commands to the command transmission device 112, which can be done simultaneously to achieve a full-duplex communication mode.

[0052] In one specific implementation, the pressure signal monitored by the pressure sensor 113 is uploaded in the form of a positive pulse, and the control command to be sent to the command transmission device 112 is transmitted in the form of a negative pulse, thereby realizing the simultaneous transmission of the signal and the command.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The command transmission device 112 is configured to keep the drilling fluid discharge rate in the riser 111 within a certain range.

[0054] Displacement range can be expressed as a percentage.

[0055] To ensure that the amplitude of the downlink pressure fluctuation is significantly greater than that of the uplink pressure fluctuation, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the uplink pressure signal and the downlink command, the drilling fluid discharge rate in the riser can be maintained within a certain range, such as 10% to 15%.

[0056] In some embodiments, the vertical drilling tool may further include a display terminal 115. The display terminal 115 may be used to send control commands to the command transmission device 112, or to receive pressure signals transmitted by the pressure sensor 113 through the decoding unit 114.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The downhole device 12 may include a power supply system 121 and a vertical steering system 122; the power supply system 121 includes a generator 1211 and a command receiving unit 1212. The generator 1211 is configured to change its frequency as the drilling fluid discharge changes. The command receiving unit 1212 is configured to identify corresponding operating commands based on the frequency change pattern of the generator. The vertical steering system 122 is configured to control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or configure the operating mode of the downhole device 12 according to the operating commands identified by the command receiving unit 1212, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0058] Generator 1211 can be a turbine generator.

[0059] The bypass valve 1121 controls the change in drilling fluid discharge in the riser according to the instructions sent by the terminal equipment. As the drilling fluid discharge changes, the frequency of the turbine generator also changes. The instruction receiving unit 1212 monitors the change in the generator frequency and, after detecting the change in the turbine generator frequency, generates a corresponding operation instruction based on the amount of change in the turbine generator frequency according to the pre-configured instruction relationship table. This operation instruction can guide the magnitude of the push force output by the vertical steering system 122 or configure the working mode of the downhole device 12. Thus, automatic control of the vertical steering system through the terminal equipment is realized. The entire vertical drilling process can be completed without tripping the drill string, and the magnitude of the push force or the working mode of the tool can be changed. This improves drilling efficiency and the adaptability of vertical drilling tools to different formations.

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The vertical guidance system 122 may include a control unit 1221, a motor, and a solenoid valve 1222. The control unit 1221 is configured to configure the working mode based on the generated operating instructions, and to control the on / off of the motor and solenoid valve based on the configured working mode, thereby changing the control strategy of the tool and enabling the tool to adapt well to different drilling conditions.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the control unit 1221 can configure the working mode based on the generated operation instructions, and control the energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve 1222 based on the configured working mode, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0062] In some embodiments, the operating mode may include a real-time tilt correction mode. For example... Figure 4 The control unit 1221 shown is configured to perform the following steps based on the real-time deviation correction mode: control the on / off state of the corresponding solenoid valve according to the wellbore height, so that the corresponding pusher blade pushes the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby making the drill bit always drill in the vertical direction.

[0063] In the real-time deviation correction mode, the control unit 1221 can continuously control the energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve 1222 according to the wellbore height edge, thereby changing the pushing force of the pusher blade acting on the well wall corresponding to the wellbore height edge. Through the reverse lateral force of the well wall to the drill bit, the real-time deviation correction of the drill bit is achieved, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0064] In some embodiments, the operating mode includes a periodic skew correction mode. For example... Figure 4The control unit 1221 shown is configured to perform the following steps based on the periodic deviation correction mode: within a deviation correction cycle, all solenoid valves 1222 are de-energized for a preset duration to keep the downhole device 12 in a centered and stable deviation state; according to the remaining duration and the wellbore height, the corresponding solenoid valve 1222 is energized and de-energized to make the corresponding pusher push the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby making the drill bit always drill in the vertical direction.

[0065] The correction cycle duration can also be set according to actual working conditions. The preset duration can be set according to actual working conditions. Remaining duration = Correction cycle duration - Preset duration.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention can effectively reduce the impact of friction on normal drilling, taking into account both drill bit deviation correction and normal drilling, and are especially suitable for formations that are prone to friction.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 The control unit 1221 shown can perform corresponding operations based on the received operation instructions. The operations include controlling the motor speed, determining the time interval between the on and off of the solenoid valve according to the wellbore height, and controlling the magnitude of the pushing force.

[0068] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5a The vertical guide system 122 may also include a proportional relief valve 1223.

[0069] The operating instructions may include the first configuration push force instruction.

[0070] The control unit 1221 is configured to control the magnitude of the push force generated by the proportional relief valve 1223 based on the received first configuration push force command, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, the proportional overflow valve 1223 is controlled by the control unit 1221, which enables the adjustment of the pushing force and avoids the need for drilling.

[0072] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The vertical guidance system 122 may further include a proportional valve control circuit board 1224. The control unit 1221 is configured to generate a second configuration push force command based on a received first configuration push force command and send it to the proportional valve control circuit board 1224. The proportional valve control circuit board 1224 is configured to output a corresponding current to a proportional relief valve 1223 based on the received second configuration push force command. The proportional relief valve 1223 is configured to generate a corresponding push force based on the received current to ensure that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0073] In one specific implementation, the command receiving unit 1212 of the power supply system 121 transmits commands via RS485 (a communication interface) to the control unit 1221 of the vertical guidance system 122. If the command is to adjust the thrust, the control unit 1221 then transmits the command to the proportional valve control circuit board 1224. The proportional valve control circuit board 1224 then uses a PID closed-loop control system to adjust the current of the proportional valve according to the thrust magnitude in the command, thereby achieving thrust adjustment. If the command is to adjust the model switching time, solenoid valve switching time, or motor speed, it is executed directly by the control unit 1221.

[0074] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b The proportional relief valve 1223 may include: valve body 51, coil 52 and valve core 53.

[0075] The coil 52 is disposed inside the valve housing 51 and is used to receive current and generate corresponding electromagnetic force. The valve core 53 is located inside the coil 52 and is used to generate a pushing force on the well wall under the action of electromagnetic force.

[0076] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b The proportional relief valve 1223 may also include: armature 54, elastic element 55 and adjusting element 56.

[0077] The armature 54 is disposed inside the coil 52 and is positioned opposite to the valve core 53. A groove is provided at the end of the armature 54 away from the valve core 53.

[0078] A portion of the elastic member 55 is placed in the groove of the armature 54 to apply a thrust to the valve core 53 through the armature 54.

[0079] The adjusting component 56 is disposed opposite to the armature 54; the adjusting component 56 includes a first part and a second part that are connected to each other. The first part of the adjusting component 56 is provided with a groove at one end near the armature 54, and the other part of the elastic component 55 is placed in the groove of the adjusting component 56; the adjusting component 56 is used to press the elastic component.

[0080] The elastic component 55 can be a spring or other elastic component, used to generate force on the valve core 53.

[0081] The adjusting component 56 can be an adjusting nut, used to adjust the elastic force of the elastic component 55.

[0082] By incorporating an elastic component 55 into the proportional relief valve 1223, a certain pressure can be generated on the valve core 53 by the spring in the event of an electrical control failure, thereby still generating a pushing force on the drill bit and enabling the drill bit to drill normally, thus improving the reliability of the drilling tool.

[0083] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b The proportional relief valve 1223 may also include: a base 57 and a fixing component 58.

[0084] The base 57 is fixedly connected to the valve housing 51; the base 57 includes a first part and a second part that are connected to each other, the second part of the base 57 is placed inside the valve housing 51 and close to the coil 52 and the armature 54; the base 57 has a through hole, and the end of the adjusting member 56 away from the armature 54 passes through the through hole of the base 57; the fixing member 58 is connected to the second part of the adjusting member, that is, the end away from the armature 54, and is pressed against the end face of the base 57 away from the coil 52.

[0085] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The downhole device 12 may also include a signal uploading system 123. The control unit 1221 can receive drilling data and transmit it to the terminal device via the signal uploading system 123. The command receiving unit 1212 can transmit identified operation commands to the control unit 1221. Upon receiving the identified operation command, the control unit 1221 can stop receiving and transmitting drilling data, and feed the identified operation command back to the terminal device via the signal uploading system; and resume receiving and uploading drilling data after the identified operation command has been fed back.

[0086] In one specific implementation, after recognizing the operation command, the control unit 1221 will discard the drilling data that has not been fully received in this group, prioritize feeding back the recognized operation command to the terminal device through the signal upload system 123, and wait for the operation command to be fed back before re-uploading the discarded drilling data.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below through specific examples.

[0088] Reference Figures 1-6 .

[0089] First, the bypass valve 1121 is connected to the riser 111. The bypass valve is automatically controlled by the command transmission unit 1122. When the bypass valve 1121 is open, the displacement in the riser 111 decreases. The command receiving unit 1212, installed in the power supply system 121, can monitor the frequency change of the turbine generator and analyze the command sent by the command transmission unit 1122 based on the pattern of the change. Then, the command receiving unit 1212 transmits the command to the control unit 1221 of the vertical guidance system 122. After receiving the command, the control unit 1221 first feeds the command back to the ground through the signal transmission system 123, and then executes the command.

[0090] If the command changes the switching time of the high-side on / off solenoid valve, motor speed, and operating mode, it will be directly controlled and executed by the control unit 1221.

[0091] If the thrust is changed, the control unit 1221 transmits the command to the proportional valve control circuit board 1224, which changes the current. The electromagnetic force generated by the coil 52 of the proportional relief valve 1223 presses the valve core 53 against the valve and seals the overflow port. The greater the current, the greater the overflow pressure.

[0092] The elastic component 55 (e.g., a helical spring) in the proportional relief valve 1223 can still generate pushing pressure when the proportional valve control circuit board 1224 malfunctions.

[0093] This invention, through a command transmission device, can intervene in the drilling fluid entering the wellbore. The downhole equipment can monitor changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate and identify corresponding operating commands based on these changes. This allows for control of the pushing force applied to the wellbore or adjustment of the downhole equipment's operating mode based on the identified commands. This achieves indirect control of the downhole equipment via the command transmission device, enabling the entire vertical drilling process to be completed without tripping the drill string. This allows for changes in the pushing force and tool operating mode, improving both drilling efficiency and the adaptability of vertical drilling tools to different formations.

[0094] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a vertical drilling method using a vertical drilling tool. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the vertical drilling method may include steps S701 to S702.

[0095] S701, Based on the command transmission device, the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore is intervened according to the operation command to be issued; S702. Based on the downhole device, the corresponding operation command is identified according to the change in the drilling fluid discharge into the wellbore, and the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device is controlled based on the identified operation command, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0096] The vertical drilling method of this invention can intervene in the drilling fluid entering the wellbore through a command transmission device. The downhole device can monitor the change in drilling fluid discharge rate and identify the corresponding operation command based on the change in drilling fluid discharge rate. Thus, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device can be controlled according to the identified operation command. This achieves indirect control of the downhole device through the command transmission device. The entire vertical drilling process can be completed without tripping the drill string, and the magnitude of the pushing force and the working mode of the tool can be changed. This not only improves the drilling efficiency, but also improves the adaptability of vertical drilling tools to different formations.

[0097] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 In step S701 shown, intervening in the drilling fluid discharge rate entering the wellbore according to the operation command to be issued may include: maintaining the drilling fluid discharge rate within a certain range according to the operation command to be issued.

[0098] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 In step S702, based on the downhole device, the corresponding operation command is identified according to the change in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore, and the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device is controlled based on the identified operation command. This may include: a generator based on the downhole device, which changes the generator frequency according to the change in the drilling fluid discharge rate; an instruction receiving unit based on the downhole device, which identifies the corresponding operation command according to the change pattern of the generator frequency; and a vertical guidance system based on the downhole device, which controls the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device according to the operation command identified by the instruction receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

[0099] In some implementations, a vertical guidance system based on a downhole device, which configures the working mode of the downhole device according to an operation command identified by an instruction receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction, may include: a control unit based on the vertical guidance system configuring the working mode of the downhole device according to the identified operation command, so that the control unit controls the energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve based on the configured working mode, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0100] In some implementations, a vertical steering system based on a downhole device controls the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore according to an operation command identified by a command receiving unit, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction. This may include: a control unit based on the vertical steering system generating a second configured pushing force command based on a received first configured pushing force command and sending it to a proportional valve control circuit board; the proportional valve control circuit board based on the vertical steering system outputting a current of a corresponding magnitude to a proportional relief valve based on the received second configured pushing force command; and the proportional relief valve based on the vertical steering system generating a corresponding pushing force magnitude based on the received current, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

[0101] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. However, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this invention as defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. The sequence numbers of the disclosed embodiments of this invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular number.

[0102] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form “a” is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, “and / or” refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0103] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of different aspects of the invention exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A vertical drilling tool, characterized by, include: The command transmission device located on the surface and the downhole device located in the wellbore; among which, The command transmission device is configured to intervene in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore according to the operation command to be issued; The downhole device is configured to identify corresponding operating commands based on changes in drilling fluid discharge, and control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or configure the working mode of the downhole device based on the identified operating commands, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

2. The vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The command transmission device includes: A bypass valve used for connection to a riser; The instruction transmission unit is connected to the bypass valve; the instruction transmission unit is configured to control the opening and closing degree of the bypass valve according to the operation instruction to be issued, so as to intervene in the discharge rate of drilling fluid entering the wellbore through the riser.

3. The vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The downhole device includes a power supply system and a vertical guidance system; the power supply system includes a generator and a command receiving unit. The generator is configured to change its frequency in response to changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate; The instruction receiving unit is configured to identify the corresponding operation instruction based on the frequency variation pattern of the generator. The vertical guidance system is configured to control the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or configure the working mode of the downhole device according to the operation command identified by the command receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

4. The vertical drilling tool of claim 3, wherein, The vertical guidance system includes: a control unit, a motor, and a solenoid valve; The control unit is configured to configure an operating mode based on the identified operation command, and to control the power supply to and from the motor and the solenoid valve based on the configured operating mode.

5. The vertical drilling tool of claim 4, wherein, The working mode includes a real-time tilt correction mode; The control unit is configured to perform the following steps based on the real-time tilt correction mode: The on / off state of the corresponding solenoid valve is controlled by the high edge of the wellbore, so that the corresponding pusher blade pushes against the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

6. The vertical drilling tool of claim 4, wherein, The working mode includes a periodic tilt correction mode; The control unit is configured to perform the following steps based on the periodic skew correction mode: During a correction cycle, all solenoid valves are de-energized for a preset duration to keep the downhole device in a centered and stable inclination state. The remaining duration and the corresponding solenoid valves are energized according to the wellbore height to make the corresponding pusher blades push against the well wall with a preset pusher force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

7. The vertical drilling tool of claim 4, wherein, The vertical guidance system also includes a proportional relief valve; the operating command includes a first configuration push force command. The control unit is configured to control the magnitude of the push force generated by the proportional relief valve based on a received first configuration push force command, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

8. The vertical drilling tool of claim 7, wherein, The vertical guidance system also includes: a proportional valve control circuit board; The control unit is configured to generate a second configuration push force command based on the received first configuration push force command and send it to the proportional valve control circuit board. The proportional valve control circuit board is configured to output a current of a corresponding magnitude to the proportional relief valve based on the received second configuration push force command; The proportional relief valve is configured to generate a corresponding pushing force based on the received current, so that the drill bit always drills in a vertical direction.

9. The vertical drilling tool of claim 7, wherein, The proportional relief valve includes: Valve housing; A coil is disposed within the valve housing; the coil is used to receive current and generate a corresponding electromagnetic force; A valve core disposed inside the coil; the valve core is used to generate a pushing force on the well wall under the action of the electromagnetic force.

10. The vertical drilling tool of claim 9, wherein, The proportional relief valve further includes: An armature is disposed inside the coil and opposite to the valve core, and a groove is provided at the end of the armature away from the valve core; An elastic member, a portion of which is placed within a groove in the armature to apply a thrust to the valve core via the armature; An adjusting component is provided, which is disposed opposite to the armature; a groove is provided at one end of the adjusting component near the armature, and another part of the elastic component is placed in the groove of the adjusting component; the adjusting component is used to press the elastic component.

11. The vertical drilling tool of claim 10, wherein, The proportional relief valve further includes: A base is fixedly connected to the valve housing; a portion of the base is placed inside the valve housing and close to the coil and the armature; the base has a through hole, and the end of the adjusting component away from the armature passes through the through hole of the base; A fixing component is connected to the end of the adjusting component away from the armature and is pressed against the end face of the base away from the coil.

12. The vertical drilling tool of claim 4, wherein, The downhole device also includes: a signal transmission system; The control unit is also configured to receive drilling data and transmit the drilling data to the terminal device through the signal upload system; The instruction receiving unit is also configured to transmit the identified operation instructions to the control unit; The control unit is also configured to stop receiving and transmitting drilling data after receiving the identified operation command, and to feed back the identified operation command to the terminal device through the signal upload system; and to resume receiving and uploading drilling data after the identified operation command has been fed back.

13. The vertical drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The downhole device is also configured to collect drilling data while recognizing corresponding operating instructions based on changes in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore, and transmit the collected drilling data to the terminal equipment.

14. A method of vertical drilling of a vertical drilling tool, characterized by, include: Based on the command transmission device, the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore is intervened according to the operation command to be issued; Based on the downhole device, the corresponding operation command is identified according to the change in the drilling fluid discharge into the wellbore, and the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device is controlled based on the identified operation command, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

15. The method of drilling a vertical well according to claim 14, wherein, The intervention in the drilling fluid discharge rate into the wellbore based on the pending operation command includes: The drilling fluid discharge rate is kept within a certain range according to the operation instructions to be issued.

16. The vertical drilling method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method of identifying corresponding operation commands based on changes in drilling fluid discharge into the wellbore using the downhole device, and controlling the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the wellbore or configuring the working mode of the downhole device based on the identified operation commands, includes: Based on the generator of the downhole device, the generator frequency changes as the drilling fluid discharge rate changes; Based on the instruction receiving unit of the downhole device, the corresponding operation instruction is identified according to the frequency variation pattern of the generator; Based on the vertical guidance system of the downhole device, the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall or the working mode of the downhole device are controlled according to the operation command identified by the command receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

17. The method of drilling a vertical well of claim 16, wherein, Based on the vertical guidance system of the downhole device, and according to the operating instructions identified by the instruction receiving unit or the configuration of the working mode of the downhole device, the drill bit is always drilled in the vertical direction, including: The control unit of the vertical guidance system configures the working mode of the downhole device according to the identified operation instructions, so that the control unit controls the energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve based on the configured working mode, thereby ensuring that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

18. The vertical drilling method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The vertical guidance system based on the downhole device controls the magnitude of the pushing force acting on the well wall according to the operation command identified by the command receiving unit, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction, including: The control unit based on the vertical guide system generates a second configuration push force command according to the received first configuration push force command and sends it to the proportional valve control circuit board. The proportional valve control circuit board based on the vertical guide system outputs a current of a corresponding magnitude to the proportional relief valve according to the received second configuration push force command; The proportional overflow valve configuration based on the vertical guide system generates a corresponding pushing force according to the received current, so that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction.

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