Method and system for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of marine oil and gas projects

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for assessing ecological losses and conducting off-site ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects. The method includes: converting basic project information into parameterized input data; inputting the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters from the parameterized input data into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; determining whether the basic project information meets any preset condition in a preset set of restoration path determination conditions; if so, proceeding to the off-site ecological restoration process; and, by clearly defining the project location and type, rigidly determining the implementation path for off-site restoration, scientifically determining the restoration methods, restoration area, and restoration scale, thereby improving the scientific rigor and standardization of ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine ecological restoration and marine engineering ecological protection technology, and in particular to methods and systems for assessing ecological losses in marine oil and gas projects and for off-site ecological restoration. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most remediation methods for offshore oil and gas projects are limited to stock enhancement and release, which have limited effectiveness and are limited in form. In terms of in-situ / ex-situ remediation rules, they rely heavily on qualitative judgments or comprehensive evaluations, lacking clear and repeatable judgment rules. At the same time, when determining ex-situ remediation plans, there is no rigid constraint between the choice of remediation methods and the type of ecological loss. The determination of remediation areas, methods, and scales is highly random and subjective, which may lead to different implementing entities developing significantly different remediation plans under the same conditions, affecting the scientific nature and consistency of ecological restoration work. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for assessing ecological losses and performing off-site ecological restoration in marine oil and gas projects. By clearly defining the project location and type, the method and system can rigidly determine the implementation path for off-site restoration, scientifically determine the restoration methods, restoration areas and restoration scale, and improve the scientific nature and standardization of ecological restoration in marine oil and gas projects.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for assessing ecological losses and performing off-site ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects, the method comprising: Obtain basic project information of the offshore oil and gas project to be evaluated, and convert the basic project information into parameterized input data; The oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data are input into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type. Determine whether the basic information of the project meets any preset condition in the preset set of repair path determination conditions; If the conditions are met, the off-site ecological restoration process will begin; Based on the ecological loss type, a preset ecological loss-offsite restoration method matching rule table is invoked to automatically determine at least one offsite restoration method corresponding to the ecological loss type. Based on the aforementioned off-site restoration methods, retrieve the corresponding set of spatial suitability evaluation indicators; Based on the aforementioned spatial suitability evaluation index set, a spatial suitability evaluation is conducted on the potential marine restoration area to obtain a gridded scoring result, which is then filtered to obtain candidate off-site restoration areas. Based on the principle of equivalent ecological service value, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined according to the off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas. Output off-site repair decision.

[0005] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned spatial suitability evaluation index set, a spatial suitability evaluation is conducted on the potential remediation area to obtain a rasterized scoring result. After screening, candidate off-site remediation areas are obtained, including: The potential marine restoration area is divided into N×N grid cells; The multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each of the grid cells is retrieved, and the corresponding score value is calculated according to the preset scoring rules; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; The score values ​​are weighted by a preset weight to obtain the repair suitability score for each grid cell. Based on the repair suitability score of each grid cell, grid cells with higher suitability are selected as candidate off-site repair areas.

[0006] Furthermore, based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined according to the aforementioned off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas, including: Calculate the value of the ecological damage caused by the aforementioned offshore oil and gas project; Calculate the ecosystem service value of off-site restored habitats based on the ecosystem service value per unit area. When the value of the off-site restored habitat ecosystem is greater than or equal to the value of the ecological loss, the corresponding restoration area and restoration time are determined and used as the scale of off-site ecological restoration for the marine oil and gas project.

[0007] Further, decisions regarding off-site repair include: The list of off-site remediation methods for the marine oil and gas project, the grid units with high remediation suitability that match the off-site remediation methods, and the recommended scale and duration of off-site ecological restoration.

[0008] Furthermore, the basic information of the project includes: oil and gas project type, marine space location type, marine area parameters, water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located, and duration parameters of project construction or operation disturbances. The types of oil and gas projects include floating platforms, fixed platforms, artificial island platforms, and subsea pipelines, and the types of marine space locations include nearshore or offshore.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset set of repair path determination conditions includes: The water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located are greater than the preset water depth threshold; The project disturbance duration parameter is greater than the preset disturbance time threshold; The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter exceeds the preset irreversibility threshold; The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter is calculated based on the degree of habitat structure damage, the predicted recovery years of the ecosystem, and the predicted recovery years of the benthic community.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a system for assessing ecological losses and conducting off-site ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects, the system comprising: The conversion module is used to obtain the basic project information of the offshore oil and gas project to be evaluated and convert the basic project information into parameterized input data. The identification module is used to input the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; The judgment module is used to determine whether the basic information of the project meets any preset condition in the preset set of restoration path judgment conditions; if it does, the off-site ecological restoration process is initiated. The off-site restoration method determination module is used to call a preset ecological loss-off-site restoration method matching rule table according to the ecological loss type, and automatically determine at least one off-site restoration method corresponding to the ecological loss type. The retrieval module is used to retrieve the corresponding set of spatial suitability evaluation indicators based on the off-site restoration method. The spatial suitability assessment module is used to conduct spatial suitability assessments of potential remediation areas based on the spatial suitability assessment index set, obtain gridded scoring results, and then filter them to obtain candidate off-site remediation areas. The off-site ecological restoration scale determination module is used to determine the off-site ecological restoration scale based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, according to the off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas. The output module is used to output off-site repair decisions.

[0011] Furthermore, the spatial suitability evaluation module is specifically used for: The potential marine restoration area is divided into N×N grid cells; The multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each of the grid cells is retrieved, and the corresponding score value is calculated according to the preset scoring rules; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; The score values ​​are weighted by a preset weight to obtain the repair suitability score for each grid cell. Based on the repair suitability score of each grid cell, grid cells with higher suitability are selected as candidate off-site repair areas.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0013] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code that causes the processor to perform the method described above.

[0014] This invention provides a method and system for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects, including: acquiring basic project information of the offshore oil and gas project to be evaluated, and converting the basic project information into parameterized input data; inputting the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters from the parameterized input data into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; determining whether the basic project information meets any preset condition in a preset set of restoration path determination conditions; if it does, proceeding to the off-site ecological restoration process; and calling a preset ecological loss-off-site restoration method matching rule table according to the ecological loss type to automatically determine the ecological loss type. At least one off-site restoration method corresponding to the loss type is identified; based on the off-site restoration method, the corresponding spatial suitability evaluation index set is retrieved; the spatial suitability of potential restoration areas is evaluated based on the spatial suitability evaluation index set, resulting in a gridded scoring result, which is then screened to obtain candidate off-site restoration areas; based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined according to the off-site restoration method and candidate off-site restoration areas; an off-site restoration decision is output; under the condition of clearly defining the project location and type, the implementation path of off-site restoration is rigidly determined, and the restoration method, restoration area, and restoration scale are scientifically determined to improve the scientificity and standardization of ecological restoration in marine oil and gas projects.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained in accordance with the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of marine oil and gas projects provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the selection of off-site repair methods provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of marine oil and gas projects provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Offshore oil and gas development is an important basic industry for ensuring national energy security. However, its construction and operation inevitably disturb the marine ecosystem. It may cause different types of ecological losses to the marine ecosystem through various pathways such as noise disturbance, physical occupation, sediment disturbance, and pollutant discharge.

[0021] Existing marine ecological restoration technologies mainly include two approaches: in-situ restoration and ex-situ restoration. In-situ restoration refers to addressing ecological losses caused by marine projects by restoring or rebuilding damaged ecological elements (such as habitat structure, ecological functions, or key species) within the area affected by the project or adjacent to the site of the loss. This achieves on-site restoration and compensation of ecological functions, emphasizing spatial consistency between loss and restoration and equivalence of ecological functions. Ex-situ restoration refers to compensating for ecological losses caused by marine projects in suitable areas outside the affected area through ecological restoration or construction projects. This emphasizes equivalent or incremental compensation of ecological functions. Generally, in-situ restoration is suitable when the ecological functions of the damaged area are highly specific, and these functions and services can only be effectively provided in the original ecological environment. It also typically involves situations where the degree of ecological damage is relatively low, and the ecosystem still has some recovery potential and resilience. Its core principle is to leverage existing conditions and create favorable conditions for the restoration of slightly damaged habitats. Ex-situ restoration generally occurs when in-situ restoration technology is not feasible, in-situ restoration is economically infeasible, or ex-situ restoration can generate greater ecological benefits.

[0022] Most of my country's offshore oil and gas development projects are located in the deep sea. The effects of these projects, such as changes in seabed micro-topography, sediment redistribution, and drill cuttings deposition, are characterized by large spatial scales, long recovery periods, and high monitoring and construction difficulties. In-situ remediation of oil and gas projects faces the following challenges: First, the technical capacity for in-situ ecological restoration is limited. Currently, there is insufficient reserve of in-situ ecological restoration technologies for deep-sea benthic ecosystems, a scarcity of replicable cases, and high costs and uncertainties. Related research indicates that deep-sea restoration lacks an "operable engineering paradigm." From materials, carriers, and species to construction equipment, there are challenges in scaling up and maintaining long-term stable conditions. Any large-scale deployment faces environmental constraints such as high pressure, low temperature, strong corrosion, and poor visibility, as well as problems such as short operational window periods and difficulties in risk control. Second, the time scale of in-situ remediation is uncertain. Studies show that the recovery period for deep-sea benthic communities from a single disturbance can reach decades. This means that the setting of in-situ remediation targets and monitoring cycles must match an ecological response scale of several decades, which involves extremely high uncertainty. Third, in terms of economic feasibility, the cost of in-situ remediation in the deep sea also includes the costs of ocean operations, heavy equipment, long-term deep-sea monitoring and high failure probability, making the economic cost significantly higher than that of off-site equivalent remediation implemented in accessible areas.

[0023] Against this backdrop, off-site remediation of oil and gas projects has become an important management tool. Many countries have gradually incorporated ecological compensation and compensatory restoration into their marine use permit and environmental management systems, generally following a "avoidance-mitigation-compensation" management sequence, making compensatory ecological restoration a mandatory requirement under conditions of unavoidable ecological impact. The United States has established a compensatory restoration system with a "zero net loss" goal through legal frameworks such as the Clean Water Act, and promotes the large-scale and professional implementation of compensatory restoration through market mechanisms such as wetland banks. Canada and Australia, in their efforts to protect fishery habitats and marine biodiversity, require offshore oil and gas and port projects to implement ecological compensation based on the principle of functional equivalence for unavoidable ecological losses.

[0024] Although the concept of off-site restoration is gradually being accepted, determining the restoration methods, areas, and scale remains a core issue to be addressed in carrying out off-site ecological restoration. A systematic technical approach is still lacking in effectively integrating strategies such as appropriate restoration methods and areas with the ecological impact types of offshore oil and gas projects. Existing research largely focuses on the quantitative assessment of ecological losses or economic value calculations, while research on the process of formulating restoration strategies is relatively insufficient, especially lacking a decision-making framework that starts from ecological impacts and transforms them into clear restoration objectives, reasonable restoration methods, and criteria for selecting restoration areas.

[0025] Currently, research on marine oil and gas projects is largely limited to remediation methods such as stock enhancement and release, which have limited effectiveness and are often simplistic. Furthermore, the determination of in-situ / ex-situ remediation rules relies heavily on qualitative assessments or comprehensive evaluations, lacking clear and repeatable criteria. Simultaneously, when determining ex-situ remediation schemes, there is a lack of rigid constraints between the selection of remediation methods and the type of ecological loss. The determination of remediation areas, methods, and scales is highly random and subjective, leading to potentially different remediation plans from different implementing entities under the same conditions, thus affecting the scientific rigor and consistency of ecological restoration work. This application provides a method and system for assessing ecological loss and conducting ex-situ ecological restoration in marine oil and gas projects. By clearly defining the project location and type, it can rigidly determine the implementation path for ex-situ remediation, scientifically determine remediation methods, areas, and scales, and improve the scientific rigor and standardization of ecological restoration in marine oil and gas projects.

[0026] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0027] Example 1: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of marine oil and gas projects provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The method includes the following steps: Step S101: Obtain the basic information of the marine oil and gas utilization project to be evaluated, and convert the basic information into parameterized input data. Here, the above parameterization process provides unified and standardized data input conditions for subsequent identification of ecological function loss, determination of restoration paths, and spatial calculation.

[0029] Step S102: Input the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data into the preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; Specifically, the mapping matrix is ​​formed based on historical project impact statistics, ecological survey data, and the effects of accepted restoration projects. Refer to Table 1 for the mapping matrix between marine oil and gas project types and ecological losses.

[0030] Table 1

[0031] In this context, “√” indicates that the ecological function is identified as a major damaged function under the corresponding project type and spatial location conditions; “×” indicates that it is not identified as a major damaged function.

[0032] The results of ecological function loss identification serve as input conditions for subsequent restoration path determination and restoration method matching.

[0033] Step S103: Determine whether the basic information of the project meets any preset condition in the preset repair path judgment condition set. Step S104: If the conditions are met, proceed to the off-site ecological restoration process. Specifically, after identifying the loss of ecological functions, a technical assessment is made on whether in-situ ecological restoration is appropriate, based on the basic information of the oil and gas project and the preset set of conditions for determining the restoration path.

[0034] When an oil and gas project meets any of the following preset conditions, the in-situ remediation path will be automatically excluded, and the project will enter the off-site ecological restoration process: 1) The water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located are greater than the preset water depth threshold; 2) The duration parameter of the project disturbance is greater than the preset disturbance time threshold; 3) The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter exceeds the preset irreversibility threshold.

[0035] The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter is calculated based on indicators such as the degree of habitat structure damage, the predicted recovery years of the ecosystem, and the predicted recovery years of benthic organisms.

[0036] By using the above technical assessment, we can avoid adopting in-situ remediation methods for oil and gas projects that do not meet the conditions for implementation, thereby improving the feasibility of remediation solutions.

[0037] Step S105: Based on the type of ecological loss, call the preset ecological loss-offsite restoration method matching rule table to automatically determine at least one offsite restoration method corresponding to the type of ecological loss. Specifically, after determining whether to proceed with the off-site restoration process, based on the identified type of ecological loss, a pre-defined ecological loss-off-site restoration method matching rule table is invoked to automatically determine at least one off-site restoration method corresponding to the ecological function loss. Refer to the ecological loss-restoration target-off-site restoration method correspondence table shown in Table 2.

[0038] Table 2

[0039] Step S106: Based on the off-site restoration method, retrieve the corresponding spatial suitability evaluation index set; Step S107: Based on the spatial suitability evaluation index set, conduct a spatial suitability evaluation of the potential restoration area to obtain a gridded scoring result, and then screen it to obtain candidate off-site restoration areas. Step S108: Based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, determine the scale of off-site ecological restoration according to the off-site restoration methods and candidate off-site restoration areas; Step S109: Output the off-site repair decision.

[0040] This application applies to the decision-making and implementation of ecological restoration technologies for different types of oil and gas projects in nearshore and offshore areas where in-situ remediation is not possible or appropriate.

[0041] Furthermore, the basic information of the project includes: oil and gas project type, type of sea area location, sea area parameters, water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located, and duration parameters of disturbances during project construction or operation. The types of oil and gas projects include floating platforms, fixed platforms, artificial island platforms, and subsea pipelines, and the types of marine space locations include nearshore or offshore.

[0042] Furthermore, the preset set of repair path determination conditions includes: The water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located are greater than the preset water depth threshold; The project disturbance duration parameter is greater than the preset disturbance time threshold; The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter exceeds the preset irreversibility threshold; Among them, the in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter is calculated based on the degree of habitat structure damage, the predicted value of ecosystem recovery years, and the predicted value of benthic organism recovery years.

[0043] Furthermore, step S107 includes the following steps: Step S201: Divide the potential restoration area into N×N grid cells; Step S202: Retrieve the multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each raster cell and calculate the corresponding score value according to the preset scoring rules; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; Step S203: The score value is combined with a preset weight to perform a weighted calculation to obtain the repair suitability score of each grid cell; Step S204: Select grid cells with higher suitability based on the repair suitability score of each grid cell, and use them as candidate off-site repair areas.

[0044] Specifically, refer to the evaluation indicators and scoring rules for the suitability of off-site restoration space as shown in Table 3.

[0045] Table 3

[0046] Furthermore, step S108 includes the following steps: Step S301: Calculate the value of ecological losses caused by marine oil and gas utilization projects; Step S302: Calculate the ecosystem service value of the off-site restoration habitat based on the ecosystem service value per unit area. Step S303: When the value of habitat restoration in an off-site location is greater than or equal to the value of ecological loss, determine the corresponding restoration area and restoration time, and use this as the scale of off-site ecological restoration for the marine oil and gas project.

[0047] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 After determining the methods and areas for off-site restoration, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined based on the principle of equivalent ecological service value.

[0048] First, the value of ecological damage caused by oil and gas projects in the ocean should be calculated; Ecological loss value = Habitat ecosystem service function per unit area per unit time × Damaged area × Damaged time Secondly, based on the determined restoration methods, the ecological service functions that the alternative habitats provided by the restoration methods can perform per unit area and per unit time are evaluated, while taking into account the time lag between the implementation of the restored habitat and its full functionality. The specific algorithm is as follows: The value of ex-situ habitat restoration ecosystem services = ecosystem service function per unit area per unit time × restoration area × maintenance time × restoration period compensation factor; The habitat ecosystem service function per unit area is determined with reference to the "Technical Guidelines for Ecological Value Accounting of Natural Resource Assets" and the "Technical Regulations for Impact Assessment of Construction Projects on Marine Biological Resources".

[0049] When the value of habitat restoration in an off-site location is equal to or greater than the value of ecological loss, the corresponding restoration area and restoration time are determined as the scale of off-site ecological restoration for the oil and gas project.

[0050] Further, decisions regarding off-site repair include: List of off-site restoration methods for marine oil and gas projects, grid units with high restoration suitability that match the off-site restoration methods, and recommended scale and duration of off-site ecological restoration.

[0051] Specifically, the final decision-making scheme includes a "list of repair methods + grid cells with high repair suitability + recommended implementation scale".

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the main advantages of this application include: 1) The full-chain model for remediation decision-making in offshore oil and gas projects can effectively support the formulation of off-site remediation strategies for offshore oil and gas projects.

[0053] 2) The method is simple and easy to implement. By making full use of existing ecosystem survey data, marine ownership data, planning data, and spatial distribution information of accepted restoration projects, the ArcGIS spatial analysis function can be used to calculate the off-site restoration methods, restoration areas, and restoration scale of offshore oil and gas projects, effectively improving the pertinence and accuracy of ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects.

[0054] 3) This application automatically processes project parameters and spatial data. The process of ecological loss identification, restoration method matching and restoration space determination is based on a preset mapping matrix, matching rule table and spatial evaluation index set. Ecological loss identification, restoration method matching and restoration area screening are completed in a computer environment. The output is spatial results that can be directly used for project implementation. It does not rely on human experience judgment. Data processing reduces human decision-making differences and improves the consistency and repeatability of restoration plan output.

[0055] This application establishes the first full-chain decision-making model specifically for off-site remediation of offshore oil and gas projects. By inputting basic information such as the location, type, and area of ​​the oil and gas platform, it can calculate the ecological loss, match the remediation methods, configure the remediation area, and measure the remediation scale based on the damage situation. It can output a complete decision plan including "a list of remediation methods + grid units with high remediation suitability + recommended implementation scale", which solves the three core questions of off-site remediation: What to remediate? Where to remediate? What scale of remediation?

[0056] By accurately mapping "damaged function - repair method", the problem of "mismatched repair" in traditional repair is solved, and the arbitrariness of repair path selection is avoided.

[0057] This innovative approach technically couples restoration methods with the suitability assessment of restoration space. By combining direct and concise information such as the current status of marine ownership, regional planning guidelines, ecologically damaged areas, distance from native habitats, and completed restoration projects, it proposes a method for calculating the most suitable restoration area for various restoration methods. The data is available, the calculation process is simple, and it realizes the automated determination of off-site restoration methods and areas.

[0058] The following example uses the central Bohai Sea: 1) Basic Project Information: The project is located in the central Bohai Sea, with a water depth of over 20 meters. The project uses a sea area of ​​53.5 hectares, of which 48 hectares are for cable pipelines and 5.5 hectares are for platform-type oil and gas development. The project applies for a sea area use period of 25 years. There are no high trophic level organisms distributed in the vicinity of the project.

[0059] Based on the project characteristics, this project has the following typical attributes: Project Type: Deep-sea oil and gas development project Location of use: Deep sea area Project characteristics: Long-term occupation of subsea facilities, with potential seabed disturbance during the construction period. Sea use period: Medium to long term The above information serves as input parameters for the method of this invention and is used for subsequent ecological loss identification and restoration decisions.

[0060] 2) Ecological loss identification based on functional mapping matrix: Based on the aforementioned ecological impact matrix of offshore oil and gas projects, the ecological impacts of this deep-sea oil and gas project during the construction and operation phases were identified. The results indicate that: Deep-sea benthic biodiversity has been disturbed; The ability to replenish fishery resources has been affected to some extent; The water body's ability to purify pollutants has declined; Disturbance of marine sediments triggers carbon remineralization, indirectly affecting their carbon sequestration capacity.

[0061] The aforementioned ecological impacts are further mapped to the loss of ecosystem service functions, providing a basis for quantifying ecological losses and determining restoration targets.

[0062] 3) Feasibility assessment of in-situ ecological restoration: Based on the set of criteria for in-situ ecological restoration, the impact area of ​​the project was analyzed, and the results showed that: The project site is located in a deep sea area, which makes construction and monitoring difficult. The engineering facilities have caused long-term and irreversible occupation of the original deep-sea habitats; Deep-sea ecosystems have long natural recovery cycles, and in-situ restoration faces high uncertainties. The economic cost of in-situ remediation is significantly higher than that of off-site remediation implemented in accessible areas.

[0063] Based on the comprehensive assessment of technical feasibility and economic suitability, it was determined that the deep-sea oil and gas project does not meet the conditions for in-situ ecological restoration and has entered the decision-making process for off-site ecological restoration.

[0064] 4) Screening of off-site ecological restoration methods: Based on the types of ecological loss and following the "Correspondence Table of Ecological Loss - Restoration Target - Off-site Restoration Methods," feasible off-site restoration methods have been preliminarily selected to address the multiple ecosystem service function losses caused by this project. See details below. Figure 3 .

[0065] Ecological losses are categorized into four types. Constraint analysis is conducted based on regional climate conditions, technological maturity, and historical implementation experience. Restoration methods that are not feasible or lack successful precedents in the target area are excluded. Ultimately, it is determined that oyster reef restoration, coastal salt marsh restoration, and seagrass bed restoration can all be used as off-site restoration methods to compensate for ecological losses from deep-sea oil and gas projects in this embodiment.

[0066] 5) Suitability assessment of the off-site restoration area The candidate restoration area was divided into several spatial evaluation units, and the suitability of each unit was evaluated from the following aspects: conflict of marine use rights; planning requirements; degree of ecological degradation; correlation with the original habitat; and linkage with restoration projects already implemented in the same ecological area.

[0067] The evaluation results show that: Regarding oyster reef restoration methods, the suitability score for oyster reef restoration in Hangu, Tianjin was 16, while the suitability score for oyster reef restoration in Dongying, Shandong was 10.

[0068] Regarding the methods for restoring coastal salt marshes, the suitability score for restoring coastal salt marshes in the Yellow River Estuary of Dongying, Shandong Province was 18, the suitability score in Binzhou, Shandong Province was 14, and the suitability score in Guangli River Estuary of Dongying, Shandong Province was 20.

[0069] The suitability of seagrass bed restoration methods for the nearshore areas of Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, is 10.

[0070] Therefore, the Guangli River Estuary area in Dongying, Shandong Province, was ultimately determined as the optimal implementation area for off-site ecological restoration of coastal salt marshes.

[0071] 6) Determining the scale of restoration based on the equivalent value of ecosystem service functions / equivalent restoration investment. The value of ecosystem service losses caused by the deep-sea oil and gas project was assessed, including losses in water purification services, carbon sequestration and oxygen release services, and biodiversity support services. Based on a 20-year occupation period, the total value of marine ecological losses from the oil and gas project was calculated to be RMB 3.7171 million.

[0072] Based on the principle of equivalent value of ecological service functions, if 13 hectares of coastal salt marsh vegetation are restored in this area and the coastal salt marsh is managed for 3 years, the value of the ecological service functions that can be realized by the 13 hectares of coastal salt marsh within 3 years during the management period is 3.69 million yuan, which is roughly the same as the ecological loss of the oil and gas project of about 3.71 million yuan.

[0073] Based on the principle of equivalent restoration investment, the main means of coastal salt marsh vegetation restoration include habitat hydrological condition restoration, wetland micro-topography restoration, sedimentary environment restoration, salt marsh vegetation restoration and planting, pest control, conservation management, and other measures. In northern regions, the investment in coastal salt marsh vegetation restoration is approximately 300,000 to 350,000 yuan per hectare. Therefore, in other regions, 11 to 12 hectares of coastal salt marsh vegetation restoration should be carried out, which is roughly the same as the ecological loss of the oil and gas project, which is approximately 3.71 million yuan.

[0074] 7) Implementation results and technical effects: This embodiment presents a decision-making scheme for off-site ecological restoration of deep-sea oil and gas projects, the core of which includes: Restoration method: Coastal salt marsh ecological restoration; Repair area: Guangli River estuary area, Dongying, Shandong; Restoration objective: To compensate for the loss of ecosystem service functions such as water purification, carbon sequestration and oxygen release, and biodiversity support caused by deep-sea oil and gas projects.

[0075] This embodiment verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method in assessing ecological losses and making decisions on off-site ecological restoration in deep-sea oil and gas projects.

[0076] Example 2: Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of marine oil and gas projects provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 The system includes: The conversion module is used to obtain the basic information of the marine oil and gas utilization projects to be evaluated and convert the basic information into parameterized input data. The identification module is used to input the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data into the preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; The judgment module is used to determine whether the basic information of the project meets any of the preset conditions in the preset set of judgment conditions for the restoration path; if it does, the off-site ecological restoration process is initiated. The off-site restoration method determination module is used to call a preset ecological loss-off-site restoration method matching rule table according to the type of ecological loss, and automatically determine at least one off-site restoration method corresponding to the type of ecological loss. The retrieval module is used to retrieve the corresponding set of spatial suitability evaluation indicators based on the off-site restoration method. The spatial suitability assessment module is used to conduct spatial suitability assessments of potential restoration areas based on a set of spatial suitability assessment indicators, obtain gridded scoring results, and then filter them to obtain candidate off-site restoration areas. The module for determining the scale of off-site ecological restoration is used to determine the scale of off-site ecological restoration based on the principle of equivalent ecological service value, according to the off-site restoration methods and candidate off-site restoration areas. The output module is used to output off-site repair decisions.

[0078] Furthermore, the spatial suitability assessment module is specifically used for: The potential marine restoration area is divided into N×N grid cells; The multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each raster cell is retrieved, and the corresponding score value is calculated according to the preset scoring rules; the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; The score values ​​are combined with preset weights to perform a weighted calculation, and the repair suitability score of each grid cell is obtained. Based on the restoration suitability score of each raster cell, raster cells with higher suitability were selected as candidate off-site restoration areas.

[0079] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for determining ecological loss in marine oil and gas projects and for off-site ecological restoration provided in the above embodiments.

[0080] This invention also provides a computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, it executes the steps of the above-described method for determining ecological loss in marine oil and gas projects and for off-site ecological restoration.

[0081] The computer program product provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and apparatus described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0084] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for assessing ecological loss and conducting off-site ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain basic project information of the offshore oil and gas project to be evaluated, and convert the basic project information into parameterized input data; The oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data are input into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type. Determine whether the basic information of the project meets any preset condition in the preset repair path determination condition set; If the conditions are met, the off-site ecological restoration process will begin; Based on the type of ecological loss, a preset ecological loss-offsite restoration method matching rule table is invoked to automatically determine at least one offsite restoration method corresponding to the type of ecological loss. Based on the aforementioned off-site restoration methods, retrieve the corresponding set of spatial suitability evaluation indicators; Based on the aforementioned spatial suitability evaluation index set, a spatial suitability evaluation is conducted on the potential marine restoration area to obtain a gridded scoring result, which is then filtered to obtain candidate off-site restoration areas. Based on the principle of equivalent ecological service value, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined according to the off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas. Output off-site repair decision.

2. The method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned spatial suitability evaluation index set, a spatial suitability assessment is conducted on potential remediation areas to obtain a gridded scoring result. After screening, candidate off-site remediation areas are obtained, including: The potential marine restoration area is divided into N×N grid cells; The multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each of the grid cells is retrieved, and the corresponding score value is calculated according to the preset scoring rules; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; The score values ​​are weighted by a preset weight to obtain the repair suitability score for each grid cell. Based on the repair suitability score of each grid cell, grid cells with higher suitability are selected as candidate off-site repair areas.

3. The method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, the scale of off-site ecological restoration is determined according to the aforementioned off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas, including: Calculate the value of the ecological damage caused by the aforementioned offshore oil and gas project; Calculate the ecosystem service value of off-site restored habitats based on the ecosystem service value per unit area. When the value of the off-site restored habitat ecosystem is greater than or equal to the value of the ecological loss, the corresponding restoration area and restoration time are determined and used as the scale of off-site ecological restoration for the marine oil and gas project.

4. The method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decision to restore the equipment at a different location includes: The list of off-site remediation methods for the marine oil and gas project, the grid units with high remediation suitability that match the off-site remediation methods, and the recommended scale and duration of off-site ecological restoration.

5. The method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic information of the project includes: oil and gas project type, marine space location type, marine area parameters, water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located, and duration parameters of disturbances during project construction or operation; The types of oil and gas projects include floating platforms, fixed platforms, artificial island platforms, and subsea pipelines, and the types of marine space locations include nearshore or offshore.

6. The method for determining ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset repair path determination criteria include: The water depth parameters of the sea area where the project is located are greater than the preset water depth threshold; The project disturbance duration parameter is greater than the preset disturbance time threshold; The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter exceeds the preset irreversibility threshold; The in-situ habitat irreversibility parameter is calculated based on the degree of habitat structure damage, the predicted recovery years of the ecosystem, and the predicted recovery years of the benthic community.

7. A system for assessing ecological loss and conducting off-site ecological restoration in offshore oil and gas projects, characterized in that, The system includes: The conversion module is used to obtain the basic project information of the offshore oil and gas project to be evaluated and convert the basic project information into parameterized input data. The identification module is used to input the oil and gas project type and spatial location parameters in the parameterized input data into a preset project type-ecological loss mapping matrix for automatic identification to obtain the ecological loss type; The judgment module is used to determine whether the basic information of the project meets any preset condition in the preset set of restoration path judgment conditions; if it does, the off-site ecological restoration process is initiated. The off-site restoration method determination module is used to call a preset ecological loss-off-site restoration method matching rule table according to the ecological loss type, and automatically determine at least one off-site restoration method corresponding to the ecological loss type. The retrieval module is used to retrieve the corresponding set of spatial suitability evaluation indicators based on the off-site restoration method. The spatial suitability assessment module is used to conduct spatial suitability assessments of potential remediation areas based on the spatial suitability assessment index set, obtain gridded scoring results, and then filter them to obtain candidate off-site remediation areas. The off-site ecological restoration scale determination module is used to determine the off-site ecological restoration scale based on the principle of equivalent ecosystem service value, according to the off-site restoration methods and the candidate off-site restoration areas. The output module is used to output off-site repair decisions.

8. The system for assessing ecological loss and off-site ecological restoration of offshore oil and gas projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spatial suitability evaluation module is specifically used for: The potential marine restoration area is divided into N×N grid cells; The multi-source heterogeneous dataset corresponding to each of the grid cells is retrieved, and the corresponding score value is calculated according to the preset scoring rules; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous dataset includes marine ownership, planning attributes and ecological status survey data; The score values ​​are weighted by a preset weight to obtain the repair suitability score for each grid cell. Based on the repair suitability score of each grid cell, grid cells with higher suitability are selected as candidate off-site repair areas.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code, characterized in that, The program code causes the processor to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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