Liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method and optimization system

Abstract

This invention discloses a compensation optimization method and system based on liquid crystal display panels, relating to the technical field of display technology. The method includes: acquiring grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the liquid crystal display panel; performing gradient sampling enhancement in the central region of the panel; constructing a grayscale constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set through second-order proximity term calculation and dual constraints of sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability; and constructing effective inequality constraints based on the grayscale constraint matrix to determine the minimum grayscale difference; dividing the gamma voltage into stable and unstable intervals; employing graded compensation based on the standard deviation of the mapping points; calculating the base voltage difference and dynamic correction term to obtain the final gamma voltage difference; simultaneously constructing an aggregation plane to aggregate multi-frame data; filtering key constraints to solve for the common voltage correction value; and outputting the target common voltage through symmetrical adjustment, effectively improving compensation accuracy and display effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of display technology, and in particular to a compensation optimization method and system based on liquid crystal display panels. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal display (LCD) panels use an AC driving method. The core principle is to control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules by applying alternating positive and negative voltages, thereby controlling the on / off state of light and displaying grayscale levels. However, in actual driving, factors such as the parasitic capacitance of thin-film transistors introduce feedthrough voltage, causing a difference in the actual voltage applied to the liquid crystal during the positive and negative half-cycles. This voltage difference results in unequal effective voltage clamping between the positive and negative half-cycles, causing fluctuations in brightness between positive and negative frames at the same grayscale level. This is perceived as flicker by the human eye. Flicker not only severely affects the viewing experience and may cause visual fatigue, but it is also a key indicator of display panel quality. Therefore, precise compensation of the common voltage to balance the liquid crystal clamping voltage between the positive and negative half-cycles and minimize brightness differences is a necessary means to improve display quality and optimize user experience.

[0003] Chinese patent CN119811320A discloses a liquid crystal display panel compensation method. This method acquires multiple consecutive alternating odd and even-numbered grayscale data frames, sets adjacent pixel units in either the odd or even frames to have opposite single polarities, determines the minimum grayscale difference between adjacent pixel units, calculates the corresponding gamma voltage difference based on the grayscale-gamma voltage relationship curve, and finally takes half of this voltage difference as a common voltage correction value for a one-time adjustment. The advantage of this scheme is that it significantly improves compensation efficiency; this method only requires one adjustment to improve flicker. However, this technical solution still has significant limitations; its sampling area is only partially... Limited by the fixed range at the center of the panel, the differences in display capabilities of pixel units across the entire screen are not considered, resulting in insufficient applicability of the compensation value to edge areas. The calculation of grayscale difference is based only on a simple comparison of adjacent pixel units, lacking a systematic evaluation of the global display capabilities of pixel units, and thus failing to fully reflect the display characteristics of the panel. The derivation of gamma voltage difference ignores the nonlinear characteristics of gamma voltage fluctuation with frame number during actual driving, which limits the compensation accuracy. The common voltage correction value is directly taken as a fixed proportion of the gamma voltage difference without differentiated adjustment according to the spatial position of pixel units, which cannot effectively solve the regional flicker differences caused by uneven manufacturing process or driving of the panel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is that: the sampling area of ​​the prior art is limited to a fixed range in the center of the panel, without considering the display capability differences of the pixel units across the entire screen, resulting in insufficient applicability of the compensation value to the edge area; the calculation of grayscale difference is based only on a simple comparison of adjacent pixel units, lacking a systematic evaluation of the global display capability of pixel units, and is difficult to fully reflect the display characteristics of the panel; the derivation of gamma voltage difference ignores the nonlinear characteristics of gamma voltage fluctuation with frame number during actual driving, which limits the compensation accuracy; the common voltage correction value is directly taken as a fixed proportion of gamma voltage difference, without differentiated adjustment according to the spatial position of pixel units, and cannot effectively solve the regional flicker differences caused by uneven process or driving of the panel.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Collect grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the LCD display panel;

[0007] Step S2: Perform gradient sampling enhancement in the center area of ​​the panel. Through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability, construct a grayscale constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set, and construct effective inequality constraints based on the grayscale constraint matrix to determine the minimum grayscale difference.

[0008] Step S3: Based on the minimum gray level difference, calculate the basic gamma voltage difference, analyze the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame number, and use a hierarchical compensation strategy to calculate the final gamma voltage difference.

[0009] Step S4: By constructing the aggregation plane and screening key constraints, solve for the common voltage correction value, and apply the compensation value to the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

[0010] Preferably, step S1 includes:

[0011] A high-speed camera is used to capture the video stream of the LCD panel when displaying dynamic images. The camera frame rate is set to be greater than or equal to an integer multiple of the panel refresh rate. The video stream is demultiplexed, and single-frame grayscale images are extracted according to the panel refresh sequence. The resolution of each grayscale image is consistent with the physical resolution of the panel, and a frame number is assigned to each grayscale image.

[0012] A two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the physical lower left corner of the liquid crystal display panel as the origin, the horizontal axis along the panel row direction as the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis along the panel column direction. The physical four corners of the liquid crystal display panel are used as calibration points. The pixel coordinates of the corresponding four calibration points are found in the grayscale image, and the mapping relationship between the image pixel unit coordinates and the physical pixel unit coordinates of the panel is established.

[0013] For each frame of grayscale image, traverse each panel physical pixel unit, extract the grayscale value of the unit, and generate the original grayscale data table. The table header contains the frame number, pixel unit coordinates, and grayscale value.

[0014] By sending grayscale control signals to the panel, the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and the negative half-cycle gamma voltage value corresponding to each grayscale value are obtained, and a mapping relationship between grayscale value and gamma voltage is established.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 includes:

[0016] A central region is constructed with the physical center of the liquid crystal display panel as the core. The half-length of the central region is equal to one-tenth of the smaller value between the total number of rows and the total number of columns of the panel. The row range of the central region is from half the total number of rows of the panel minus the half-length to half the total number of rows of the panel plus the half-length. The column range of the central region is from half the total number of columns of the panel minus the half-length to half the total number of columns of the panel plus the half-length.

[0017] Within the central region, m pixels are uniformly sampled in the row and column directions of each pixel unit. All sampling points are numbered according to the sampling point numbering rule. The coordinates of the sampling points are obtained according to the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The grayscale values ​​of the sampling points are obtained according to the original grayscale data table.

[0018] The sampling point numbering rule is as follows: first, traverse the sampling points of all pixel units in the first row of the central region, then traverse the second row, and so on, numbering them in order.

[0019] For each sampling point's grayscale value, the rate of change of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the same sampling point in two adjacent frames is calculated according to the frame number to obtain the second-order neighbor term. The calculation process includes: for the sampling point in frame t, the absolute value of the difference between its grayscale value and the grayscale value of the previous frame is calculated, and then the absolute value of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the previous frame and the frame before the previous frame is subtracted to obtain the second-order neighbor term of the sampling point in frame t.

[0020] For the first and second frames, the second-order nearest neighbor terms are denoted as 0;

[0021] For all sampling points of each pixel unit, calculate the root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term of the sampling point in all frames, remove sampling points whose root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term exceeds the neighbor term threshold, and the remaining sampling points constitute the effective sampling point set.

[0022] Preferably, step S2 further includes:

[0023] Based on the effective sampling point set, a four-dimensional high-dimensional grayscale matrix is ​​constructed, wherein the dimensions of the matrix are pixel unit number, sampling point number, frame type, and sub-pixel polarity.

[0024] The pixel unit number is a unique identifier calculated based on the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the pixel unit in the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The method of obtaining it is: subtract one from the number of rows where the pixel unit is located, multiply by the total number of columns in the panel, and add the number of columns where it is located to form the pixel unit number.

[0025] The frame type is determined by the frame number. A single-frame grayscale image with an odd frame number has an odd frame type, and a single-frame grayscale image with an even frame number has an even frame type.

[0026] The sub-pixel polarity is the sub-pixel polarity set by the panel's factory hardware. Polarity 1 is a positive polarity sub-pixel, and polarity 2 is a negative polarity sub-pixel.

[0027] Each element in the high-dimensional grayscale matrix is ​​constrained by sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame grayscale stability constraint. Elements that do not satisfy the sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame grayscale stability constraint are removed to form a new high-dimensional grayscale matrix.

[0028] The sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint is as follows: in the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same frame type, the difference in grayscale value between positive polarity sub-pixels and negative polarity sub-pixels is less than or equal to the polarity grayscale threshold.

[0029] The inter-frame grayscale stability constraint is as follows: in the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same sub-pixel polarity, the difference in grayscale values ​​between odd-numbered frames and even-numbered frames is less than or equal to the type grayscale threshold.

[0030] Preferably, step S2 further includes:

[0031] Based on the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix, a grayscale constraint matrix is ​​constructed. The rows of the grayscale constraint matrix are pixel unit numbers, the columns are grayscale values, and the elements represent the displayability of the corresponding pixel unit for the preset evaluation grayscale value.

[0032] The logic for determining the displayability is as follows: For each pixel unit and each grayscale value, traverse all valid data points of the pixel unit in the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix, count the number of data points whose grayscale value is equal to the evaluated grayscale value. If the number is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then the pixel unit is determined to have the displayability of the evaluated grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as a first value. If the number is less than the preset threshold, then the pixel unit is determined not to have the displayability of the evaluated grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as a second value.

[0033] Preferably, step S2 further includes:

[0034] Based on the grayscale constraint matrix, an effective inequality for grayscale values ​​is constructed, specifically including:

[0035] The maximum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the maximum displayable gray level, and the minimum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the minimum displayable gray level.

[0036] Physically adjacent pairs of pixel units are designated as left and right pixel units. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit is designated as the first difference. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit is designated as the second difference. The larger of the first and second differences is selected as the maximum possible difference.

[0037] The grayscale difference between adjacent pixel units cannot exceed the maximum possible difference value;

[0038] For a pair of adjacent pixel units with opposite polarities, the grayscale difference between the adjacent pixel units cannot be lower than the basic average difference of the polarity sub-pixels of the adjacent pixel units.

[0039] The basic average difference is the average difference in gamma voltage between positive and negative polarity sub-pixels when displaying the same grayscale, as calibrated at the factory of the panel.

[0040] For each pair of adjacent pixel units, the maximum possible difference and the basic average difference constitute the effective grayscale difference range;

[0041] If the width of the effective grayscale difference interval is less than or equal to the grayscale difference threshold, the adjacent pixel unit pair is retained; if it is greater than the grayscale difference threshold, the adjacent pixel unit pair is discarded.

[0042] Re-traverse all adjacent cell pairs in the row and column directions of the central region, extract the grayscale values ​​of adjacent cell pairs in odd-numbered frames, calculate the grayscale difference between adjacent cell pairs, calculate the average value of all grayscale differences, and if the average value is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the effective grayscale difference interval and less than or equal to the upper limit of the effective grayscale difference interval, then retain it as an effective grayscale difference. Select the effective grayscale difference with the smallest value from all effective grayscale differences as the minimum grayscale difference.

[0043] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0044] Based on the gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude, stable voltage range and unstable voltage range are divided. Gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude less than or equal to the voltage threshold belong to the stable voltage range, while gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude greater than the voltage threshold belong to the unstable voltage range.

[0045] The gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude is the deviation between the gamma voltage of each frame and the average value of all gamma voltages.

[0046] The positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame is extracted by the mapping relationship between grayscale value and gamma voltage described in step S1. The intersection of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame and the intermediate value section is used as the mapping point to form a mapping point set.

[0047] The intermediate value section is the midpoint value of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage range;

[0048] Obtain the standard deviation of the voltage values ​​of all mapping points in the mapping point set. When the standard deviation is less than or equal to the standard deviation threshold, a conservative compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to a first fixed value. When the standard deviation is greater than the standard deviation threshold, an enhanced compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to a second fixed value.

[0049] The calculation process for the base voltage difference is as follows: calculate the difference between the maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and the minimum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value, multiply the difference by the minimum gray level difference, and finally divide by 255 to obtain the base voltage difference.

[0050] The maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value is the maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value in all frames.

[0051] The maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value is the minimum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value in all frames.

[0052] The base voltage difference is dynamically corrected, and the final gamma voltage difference is the sum of the base voltage difference and the dynamic correction term.

[0053] Preferably, step S4 includes:

[0054] An aggregation plane is constructed with frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position as dimensions, and a preset aggregation function is used to aggregate the gamma voltage difference data of multiple consecutive frames.

[0055] The construction and aggregation operation of the aggregation plane includes: constructing an aggregation plane in a three-dimensional space using the frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position. The X-axis coordinate of any point in the plane is the frame number t, the Y-axis coordinate is the final gamma voltage difference, and the Z-axis coordinate is the coordinate of the pixel unit.

[0056] A linear aggregation function is used to linearly weight and aggregate the final gamma voltage difference of three consecutive frames to obtain the aggregated gamma voltage difference. The aggregated data points are then associated with the sequence number of the intermediate frame to obtain the aggregation point.

[0057] Preferably, step S4 further includes:

[0058] Based on the aggregation point, a constraint set for the common voltage correction value is constructed. The constraint condition in the constraint set is: the absolute value of the difference between the common voltage correction value and half of the gamma voltage difference at the aggregation point is less than or equal to the second voltage threshold.

[0059] The quicksort algorithm is used to sort the differences from largest to smallest, and the constraints with the largest differences in the top preset proportion are selected as key constraints.

[0060] The process of finding the common voltage correction value includes: calculating the average value of the aggregated gamma voltage difference corresponding to the selected key constraints, and then taking half of the average value as the common voltage correction value.

[0061] Using the physical center coordinates of the panel as a reference, determine the vertical axis of symmetry and the horizontal axis of symmetry;

[0062] For any pixel unit within the panel, the calculation process for its common voltage adjustment includes: calculating the square of the distance from the pixel unit's coordinates to the physical center coordinates of the panel, adding one, taking the square root as the denominator, and dividing the common voltage correction value by the denominator to obtain the adjustment amount.

[0063] The target common voltage for each pixel unit is obtained by adding the panel's factory default common voltage to the calculated common voltage adjustment amount for that pixel unit;

[0064] The final output is a set containing the coordinates of all pixel units on the panel and their corresponding target common voltage values, which is used by the panel driving circuit to control the twisting of liquid crystal molecules.

[0065] The LCD panel-based compensation and optimization system includes a data acquisition module, an enhancement module, a compensation module, and an execution module.

[0066] The acquisition module is used to acquire grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the LCD display panel;

[0067] The enhancement module is used to perform gradient sampling enhancement in the center area of ​​the panel. It constructs a gray level constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame gray level stability. Based on the gray level constraint matrix, it constructs effective inequality constraints to determine the minimum gray level difference.

[0068] The compensation module is used to calculate the basic gamma voltage difference based on the minimum gray level difference, analyze the fluctuation characteristics of the gamma voltage with the frame number, and use a hierarchical compensation strategy to calculate the final gamma voltage difference.

[0069] The execution module is used to construct the aggregation plane and solve the common voltage correction value using the separation algorithm. Finally, the compensation value is applied to the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

[0070] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention constructs a full-link closed-loop optimization system, thereby achieving good compensation accuracy and effect. This invention focuses on gradient sampling enhancement in the central region of the panel, and ensures high fidelity and representativeness of the data through dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity and inter-frame grayscale stability, laying a solid foundation for accurate compensation. Based on this reliable dataset, this method further constructs a four-dimensional high-dimensional grayscale matrix that integrates pixels, sampling points, frame type, and polarity, evaluates the true display capability of each pixel unit, and obtains the minimum grayscale by means of effective inequality constraints, through in-depth... By analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame rate changes, this invention adopts a hierarchical compensation strategy. It adaptively performs conservative fine-tuning when the image is stable and implements enhanced compensation when the image changes dynamically. This invention smooths multi-frame data by constructing a convergence plane and combines it with a symmetrical adjustment mechanism based on the center of the panel to smoothly and uniformly apply the common voltage correction value to the entire panel, effectively avoiding the block effect caused by abrupt compensation changes. In summary, this invention significantly improves the flickering, ghosting, and uneven brightness of liquid crystal displays through data acquisition, capability assessment, intelligent compensation, and global optimization, and enhances the contrast, color accuracy, and visual clarity of dynamic images. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic process of a liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, a compensation optimization method based on a liquid crystal display panel is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step S1: Collect grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the LCD display panel;

[0075] Step S2: Perform gradient sampling enhancement in the center area of ​​the panel. Through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability, construct a grayscale constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set, and construct effective inequality constraints based on the grayscale constraint matrix to determine the minimum grayscale difference.

[0076] Step S3: Based on the minimum gray level difference numbered sequentially, calculate the basic gamma voltage difference. By analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame number, and using a hierarchical compensation strategy, calculate the final gamma voltage difference.

[0077] Step S4: By constructing the aggregation plane and screening key constraints, solve for the common voltage correction value, and apply the compensation value to the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

[0078] The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method provided by this invention realizes the correlation between grayscale data and gamma voltage characteristics through a closed-loop design of data acquisition, gradient sampling enhancement, graded voltage calculation and symmetrical compensation adjustment. It also ensures the high fidelity of the sampled data through second-order proximity term calculation and dual constraint verification. Combined with effective inequality constraints, it accurately locates the minimum grayscale difference. Then, it adapts the dynamic fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with a graded compensation strategy. Finally, it applies the common voltage correction value evenly to the entire panel through symmetrical adjustment. This effectively solves the problems of obvious flicker, uneven brightness and poor dynamic response in traditional compensation methods, and significantly improves the compensation accuracy and display effect of liquid crystal display panels.

[0079] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the positive / negative half-cycle gamma voltage values ​​corresponding to each frame are collected and their changes with the frame number are recorded.

[0080] Step S1 includes:

[0081] A high-speed camera is used to capture the video stream of the LCD panel when displaying dynamic images. The camera frame rate is set to be greater than or equal to an integer multiple of the panel refresh rate. The video stream is demultiplexed, and single-frame grayscale images are extracted according to the panel refresh sequence. The resolution of each grayscale image is consistent with the physical resolution of the panel, and a frame number is assigned to each grayscale image.

[0082] A two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the physical lower left corner of the LCD panel as the origin, the horizontal axis along the panel row direction as the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis along the panel column direction. The four physical corners of the LCD panel are used as calibration points. The pixel coordinates of the corresponding four calibration points are found in the grayscale image numbered in sequence, and the mapping relationship between the image pixel unit coordinates and the physical pixel unit coordinates of the panel is established.

[0083] For each frame of grayscale image, traverse each panel physical pixel unit, extract the grayscale value of the unit, and generate the original grayscale data table. The table header contains the frame number, pixel unit coordinates, and grayscale value.

[0084] By sending grayscale control signals to the panel, the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and the negative half-cycle gamma voltage value corresponding to each grayscale value are obtained, and a mapping relationship between grayscale value and gamma voltage is established.

[0085] This invention sets the camera frame rate to an integer multiple of the panel refresh rate, which can avoid frame data loss or overlap and ensure the temporal consistency of single-frame grayscale images. A two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the physical corner of the panel as the calibration point, which can establish the mapping relationship between image pixels and panel physical pixels and eliminate the influence of image distortion on grayscale data. At the same time, by actively sending grayscale control signals to obtain gamma voltage values, the constructed grayscale and gamma voltage mapping relationship provides a direct basis for subsequent voltage difference calculation, effectively avoiding the problem of poor data correlation in traditional passive acquisition methods.

[0086] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the image pixel coordinates of the corresponding calibration point are found in the grayscale image, and an affine mapping relationship is established by using the MATLAB cp2tform function to ensure that any pixel in the image can be mapped to the physical pixel coordinates of the panel. For each frame of grayscale image, all physical pixel units are traversed, and grayscale values ​​are extracted by using the impixel function to generate an original grayscale data table. The table header contains the frame number t, pixel unit coordinates (x, y), and grayscale value, which is convenient for subsequent batch calls.

[0087] Step S2 includes:

[0088] Using the physical center of the LCD panel as the core, a central area is constructed. The central area is numbered sequentially. The half-length of the central area is equal to one-tenth of the smaller value between the total number of rows and the total number of columns of the panel. The row range of the central area is from half the total number of rows of the panel minus the sequentially numbered half-length, to half the total number of rows of the panel plus the sequentially numbered half-length. The column range of the central area is from half the total number of columns of the panel minus the sequentially numbered half-length, to half the total number of columns of the panel plus the sequentially numbered half-length.

[0089] Within the central area numbered sequentially, m pixels are uniformly sampled in the row and column directions of each pixel unit. All sampling points are numbered according to the sampling point sequence rule. The coordinates of the sampling points are obtained from the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of sequential numbering. The grayscale values ​​of the sampling points are obtained from the original grayscale data table of sequential numbering.

[0090] The sampling point numbering rule is as follows: first, traverse the sampling points of all pixel units in the first row of the central region, then traverse the second row, and so on, numbering them in order.

[0091] For each sampling point's grayscale value, the rate of change of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the same sampling point in two adjacent frames is calculated according to the frame number to obtain the second-order neighbor term. The calculation process includes: for the sampling point in frame t, the absolute value of the difference between its grayscale value and the grayscale value of the previous frame is calculated, and then the absolute value of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the previous frame and the frame before the previous frame is subtracted to obtain the second-order neighbor term of the sampling point in frame t.

[0092] For the first and second frames, the second-order nearest neighbor terms are denoted as 0;

[0093] For all sampling points of each pixel unit, calculate the root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term in all frames for the sequentially numbered sampling points. Remove sampling points whose root mean square value of the sequentially numbered second-order neighbor term exceeds the neighbor term threshold. The remaining sampling points are the valid sampling points and constitute the valid sampling point set.

[0094] This invention enhances gradient sampling by focusing on the central region of the panel and introduces a second-order neighbor term to quantify the acceleration of pixel grayscale value changes. This allows for the identification and elimination of sampling points that are unstable or have abnormal responses in dynamic displays. This screening mechanism based on the time-series change rate ensures that the effective sampling point set relied upon by subsequent analysis has high stability and representativeness, providing high-quality data samples for constructing an accurate compensation model and effectively avoiding overall compensation failure caused by interference from individual abnormal pixels.

[0095] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, for a liquid crystal display panel, within the central region, m points are uniformly sampled from the row and column neighborhoods of each pixel unit, where m is an integer and its value is greater than one-fifth of the number of columns in the central region. Dividing the panel into five equal parts ensures uniform coverage of the sub-pixel neighborhoods without reducing computational efficiency due to excessive sampling points. The industry default ratio is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the region dimension for the number of neighborhood sampling points. The points are numbered in a row-first, column-second order. For any sampling point k, the second-order nearest neighbor term is calculated according to the frame number t. This process is repeated for each pixel unit's sampling points within all its neighboring regions. The root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term in the frame is set to a threshold of 0.5. Sampling points with a root mean square value greater than 0.5 are removed, and the number of valid sampling points retained constitutes the valid sampling point set. The neighbor term threshold is set based on the physical meaning of the second-order neighbor term and the hardware noise range. When the LCD panel is displaying normally, the grayscale fluctuation between frames is less than or equal to the industry standard of 3. Therefore, the normal range of the second-order neighbor term is -2 to 2. 0.5 is 1 / 4 of the normal range. Setting it as the threshold can remove abnormal points with fluctuation amplitudes exceeding 25% of the normal range, while not affecting the normal fluctuation data.

[0096] Step S2 also includes:

[0097] Based on the set of valid sampling points numbered in sequence, a four-dimensional high-dimensional grayscale matrix is ​​constructed. The dimensions of the sequentially numbered matrix are pixel unit number, sampling point number, frame type, and sub-pixel polarity.

[0098] The pixel unit number is a unique identifier calculated based on the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the pixel unit in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. The method of obtaining it is: subtract one from the row number of the pixel unit, multiply by the total number of columns in the panel, and add the column number of the pixel unit to form the pixel unit number.

[0099] The frame type is determined by the frame number. A single grayscale image with an odd frame number is a grayscale image with an even frame number.

[0100] The subpixels are numbered sequentially. The polarity of the subpixels is set by the hardware at the factory of the panel. Polarity 1 is a positive polarity subpixel, and polarity 2 is a negative polarity subpixel.

[0101] Each element in the sequentially numbered high-dimensional gray-level matrix is ​​constrained by sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame gray-level stability constraint. Elements that do not satisfy the sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame gray-level stability constraint are removed to form a new high-dimensional gray-level matrix.

[0102] The sequential numbering of sub-pixel polarity is constrained as follows: within the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same frame type, the difference in grayscale value between positive and negative polarity sub-pixels is less than or equal to the polarity grayscale threshold.

[0103] The grayscale stability constraint for sequentially numbered frames is as follows: within the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same sub-pixel polarity, the difference in grayscale values ​​between odd-numbered frames and even-numbered frames is less than or equal to the type grayscale threshold.

[0104] This invention constructs a high-dimensional grayscale matrix that integrates four dimensions: pixel unit, sampling point, frame type, and sub-pixel polarity. This matrix reflects the display characteristics of pixels under different spatiotemporal and driving conditions. Furthermore, it applies dual constraints of sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability. This multi-dimensional cross-validation mechanism effectively filters out noise and artifact data introduced by polarity reversal or inter-frame driving inconsistency, ensuring that the data entering subsequent analysis stages has extremely high purity and reliability. This provides a solid data guarantee for accurately evaluating the true display capability of pixels and formulating compensation strategies.

[0105] After obtaining the effective set of sampling points, a four-dimensional matrix is ​​constructed. The matrix element M(i,j,t,p) represents the grayscale value of the pixel unit numbered i, the sampling point numbered j, the frame of type t, and the sub-pixel of polarity p. The polarity grayscale threshold is set to 5. For points M(i,j,1,1) and M(i,j,1,2), that is, the positive and negative polarity sub-pixels of the same unit, sampling point, and odd-numbered frames, the difference is calculated. If the constraint is satisfied, the element is retained. The polarity grayscale threshold is the key to ensuring uniform brightness when the polarity of sub-pixels alternates. Based on the correspondence between the brightness of liquid crystal sub-pixels and grayscale, the grayscale range of the liquid crystal panel from 0 to 255 corresponds to a brightness of 0.3 nit to 500 nits, which is approximately linear. Therefore, a grayscale difference of 5 corresponds to a brightness difference of more than 10 nits. In the industry standard, when the brightness difference between adjacent sub-pixels is less than 10 nits, the unevenness cannot be perceived by the naked eye. If the grayscale difference exceeds 5, the brightness difference will exceed 10 nits, and polarity alternation stripes will appear.

[0106] Set the grayscale threshold to 3. For point M(i,j,1,1) with polarity of 1 in odd-numbered frames and polarity of M(i,j,2,1) in even-numbered frames, calculate the difference to satisfy the constraint, retain the element, and form a new high-dimensional grayscale matrix.

[0107] Step S2 also includes:

[0108] Based on the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix, a grayscale constraint matrix is ​​constructed. The grayscale constraint matrix is ​​numbered sequentially, with the columns representing grayscale values ​​and the elements representing the displayability of the corresponding pixel unit for the preset evaluation grayscale value.

[0109] The logic for determining the displayability of sequentially numbered pixels is as follows: For each pixel unit and each grayscale value, iterate through all valid data points in the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix of the sequentially numbered pixel unit, and count the number of data points whose grayscale value is equal to the sequentially numbered grayscale value. If this number is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the pixel unit is determined to have the displayability of sequentially numbered grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as the first value. If this number is less than the preset threshold, the pixel unit is determined not to have the displayability of sequentially numbered grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as the second value.

[0110] This invention transforms a filtered high-dimensional grayscale matrix into an intuitive grayscale constraint matrix, enabling a quantitative evaluation of the ability of each pixel unit to display specific grayscale levels. This evaluation method is based on the statistical results of valid data points verified by multiple constraints, reflecting the stable performance of pixels in actual dynamic displays. It provides a key basis for subsequently developing personalized compensation schemes that conform to the actual working conditions of pixels, effectively improving the pertinence and effectiveness of compensation.

[0111] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a preset quantity threshold of 10 is used to construct a grayscale constraint matrix with pixel unit numbers as rows and grayscale values ​​of 0-255 as columns. To evaluate the ability of a pixel unit to display grayscale value A, the system will traverse all valid data points of the pixel in the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix and count the number of data points with grayscale value exactly A. If the counted number is greater than the preset quantity threshold, the pixel is determined to have the ability to display grayscale, and the corresponding position in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as the first value 1. If it is determined that it does not have the ability, the corresponding position is marked as the second value 0. By performing this operation on all pixels and all grayscale values, a complete grayscale constraint matrix that marks the display capabilities of each pixel is finally formed. The preset quantity threshold is set based on the stability of dynamic images. In dynamic images, the grayscale switching frequency is about 10Hz. The verification period of 10 frames can cover most dynamic grayscale switching scenarios and avoid misjudging unstable grayscale as stable due to the verification period being too short.

[0112] Step S2 also includes:

[0113] Based on the sequentially numbered grayscale constraint matrix, effective inequalities for grayscale values ​​are constructed, specifically including:

[0114] The maximum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the maximum displayable gray level, and the minimum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the minimum displayable gray level.

[0115] Physically adjacent pairs of pixel units are designated as left and right pixel units. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit is designated as the first difference. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit is designated as the second difference. The larger of the first and second differences is selected as the maximum possible difference.

[0116] The grayscale difference between adjacent pixel units cannot exceed the maximum possible difference when numbered sequentially;

[0117] For a pair of adjacent pixel units with opposite polarities, the grayscale difference between the adjacent pixel units cannot be lower than the basic average difference of the polarity sub-pixels of the adjacent pixel units.

[0118] The basic average difference is the average difference of gamma voltage between positive and negative polarity sub-pixels when displaying the same gray level, as specified by the panel manufacturer at the time of manufacture.

[0119] For each pair of adjacent pixel units, the maximum possible difference and the basic average difference, which are numbered sequentially, constitute the effective grayscale difference interval.

[0120] If the width of the effective gray level difference interval for sequential numbering is less than or equal to the gray level difference threshold, the sequentially numbered adjacent pixel unit pairs are retained; if it is greater than the gray level difference threshold, the sequentially numbered adjacent pixel unit pairs are discarded.

[0121] Re-traverse all adjacent cell pairs in the row and column directions of the central region, extract the grayscale values ​​of adjacent cell pairs in odd-numbered frames, calculate the grayscale difference between adjacent cell pairs, calculate the average value of all grayscale differences, if the average value is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the effective grayscale difference interval in the sequential numbering and less than or equal to the upper limit of the effective grayscale difference interval in the sequential numbering, then retain the effective grayscale difference, and select the effective grayscale difference with the smallest value from all effective grayscale differences as the minimum grayscale difference.

[0122] This invention extends the evaluation of individual pixel display capabilities to spatial relationship constraints between pixels by constructing an effective inequality based on a grayscale constraint matrix. By setting a reasonable grayscale difference range for adjacent pixel units and extracting the most representative minimum grayscale difference, it ensures that the compensation strategy can maintain a smooth transition between adjacent pixels while optimizing individual pixels. This effectively avoids visual defects such as blocky effects and contour artifacts caused by overcompensation, thereby improving display details while ensuring the overall naturalness and continuity of the image.

[0123] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first difference is the difference between the maximum displayable gray level of the left pixel unit and the minimum displayable gray level of the right unit, the second difference is the difference between the maximum displayable gray level of the right unit and the minimum displayable gray level of the left unit, the basic average difference is the gray level difference corresponding to the average difference of the positive and negative polarity sub-pixel gamma voltage calibrated by the panel at the factory, the maximum possible difference is the upper limit of the effective gray level difference range, the basic average difference is the lower limit, and the gray level difference threshold is 3, which is selected based on industry standards.

[0124] Step S3 includes:

[0125] Based on the gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude, stable voltage range and unstable voltage range are divided. Gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude less than or equal to the voltage threshold belong to the stable voltage range, while gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude greater than the voltage threshold belong to the unstable voltage range.

[0126] The gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude is calculated by numbering the gamma voltages sequentially and determining the deviation between the gamma voltage of each frame and the average value of all gamma voltages.

[0127] The positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame is extracted by sequentially numbering the grayscale values ​​and gamma voltages in step S1. The intersection of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame and the intermediate value section is used as the mapping point to form a mapping point set.

[0128] The intermediate value of the cross section is the midpoint value of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage range, numbered sequentially.

[0129] Obtain the standard deviation of the voltage values ​​of all mapping points in the sequentially numbered mapping point set. When the sequentially numbered standard deviation is less than or equal to the standard deviation threshold, a conservative compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to the first fixed value. When the sequentially numbered standard deviation is greater than the standard deviation threshold, an enhanced compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to the second fixed value.

[0130] The calculation process for the base voltage difference is as follows: calculate the difference between the maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and the minimum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value, then multiply the numbered differences by the minimum gray level difference, and finally divide by 255 to obtain the base voltage difference.

[0131] The base voltage difference is dynamically corrected, and the final gamma voltage difference is the sum of the base voltage difference and the dynamic correction term.

[0132] This invention analyzes the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame number and adopts a hierarchical compensation strategy to achieve adaptive adjustment of compensation intensity. When the image is stable, conservative fine-tuning is used to avoid excessive intervention, while enhanced compensation is implemented when the image changes dynamically to effectively suppress ghosting and flicker. This intelligent hierarchical compensation mechanism makes the compensation effect highly matched with the displayed content, maintaining image stability in static scenes and significantly improving clarity in dynamic scenes.

[0133] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S1 obtains the value of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage corresponding to the gray level in consecutive frames, calculates the average value of all frames, obtains the fluctuation amplitude of each frame, finds the gray level value corresponding to the intersection of the gamma voltage curve of each frame and the median value section, forms a mapping point set, calculates the standard deviation of the gray level value of the mapping point set, the standard deviation threshold is 0.05, if the current standard deviation is less than 0.05, the picture is stable, and a conservative compensation strategy is adopted, with the dynamic correction term set to the first fixed value of 0.02V; if the standard deviation is greater than 5, the picture is dynamic, and an enhanced compensation strategy is adopted, with the dynamic correction term set to the second fixed value of 0.08V. The voltage fluctuation in the stable range is small, and the 0.02V correction term can reduce the brightness fluctuation to an invisible level while avoiding over-adjustment; the voltage fluctuation in the stable range is large, and the 0.08V correction term can reduce the brightness fluctuation to an invisible level while not exceeding the adjustment limit of ±0.1V of the common voltage.

[0134] Step S4 includes:

[0135] An aggregation plane is constructed with frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position as dimensions, and a preset aggregation function is used to aggregate the gamma voltage difference data of multiple consecutive frames.

[0136] The construction and aggregation operation of the aggregation plane include: constructing an aggregation plane in three-dimensional space using frame number, gamma voltage difference and pixel unit position. The X-axis coordinate of any point in the plane is the frame number t, the Y-axis coordinate is the final gamma voltage difference, and the Z-axis coordinate is the coordinate of the pixel unit. The pixel unit coordinate adopts a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, which is consistent with the Z-axis coordinate of the aggregation plane. Each point in the aggregation plane is an aggregation point.

[0137] A linear aggregation function is used to linearly weight and aggregate the final gamma voltage difference of three consecutive frames to obtain the aggregated gamma voltage difference. The aggregated data points are then associated with the sequence number of the intermediate frame to obtain the aggregation point.

[0138] This invention constructs an aggregation plane with frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position as dimensions, and uses a linear aggregation function to smooth multiple consecutive frames of data. This effectively filters out high-frequency noise and instantaneous jitter in the gamma voltage difference data. This time-dimensional smoothing ensures that the compensation value finally applied to the panel is continuous and stable, avoiding new flickering or instability caused by drastic frame-by-frame changes in compensation value. This ensures the smoothness of the compensation process and the stability of the final display effect.

[0139] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional space is constructed, with the X-axis representing the frame number t, the Y-axis representing the final gamma voltage difference ΔV, and the Z-axis representing the pixel unit position coordinates. For a pixel unit, its final gamma voltage difference in three consecutive frames is obtained. A linear weighted aggregation function is used, with the three frames divided into the current frame, the previous frame, and the next frame. The sum of the weights assigned to the three frames is 1, and the weight of the current frame is higher than that of the other two frames. The weights of the previous frame and the next frame are both 0.3, and the weight of the current frame is 0.4. This operation is performed on each pixel except for the first and last frames to obtain a series of smoothed aggregation points. These aggregation points constitute the data basis for subsequent calculation of the common voltage correction value.

[0140] Step S4 also includes:

[0141] Based on the aggregation point, a set of constraints for the common voltage correction value is constructed and numbered in sequence. The constraint condition in the constraint set is: the absolute value of the difference between the common voltage correction value and half of the gamma voltage difference at the aggregation point is less than or equal to the second voltage threshold.

[0142] The quicksort algorithm is used to sort the numbers in descending order of absolute value of difference, and the constraints with the largest difference and the first preset proportion are selected as key constraints.

[0143] The process of finding the common voltage correction value includes: calculating the average value of the aggregated gamma voltage difference corresponding to the selected key constraints, and then taking half of the average value as the common voltage correction value.

[0144] Using the physical center coordinates of the panel as a reference, determine the vertical axis of symmetry and the horizontal axis of symmetry;

[0145] For any pixel unit within the panel, the calculation process for its common voltage adjustment includes: calculating the square of the distance from the pixel unit's coordinates to the physical center coordinates of the panel, adding one, taking the square root as the denominator, and dividing the common voltage correction value by the denominator to obtain the adjustment amount.

[0146] The target common voltage for each pixel unit is obtained by adding the panel's factory default common voltage to the calculated common voltage adjustment amount for that pixel unit;

[0147] The final output is a set containing the coordinates of all pixel units on the panel and their corresponding target common voltage values, which is used by the panel driving circuit to control the twisting of liquid crystal molecules.

[0148] This invention constructs a constraint set based on aggregation points and solves for the common voltage correction value. Combined with a symmetrical adjustment mechanism based on the physical center of the panel, it achieves a smooth and uniform spatial distribution of the compensation value. This global optimization strategy not only ensures that the compensation scheme can meet the needs of the corresponding areas of key constraints on the screen, but also makes the compensation intensity decrease smoothly from the center to the edge through symmetrical adjustment. This effectively avoids uneven brightness and blocky effects caused by local overcompensation or abrupt compensation changes, and ultimately achieves a highly unified and natural visual effect for the entire display panel.

[0149] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the aggregation points obtained in the previous step, constraints are constructed. The system calculates the absolute value of the difference between the constraints corresponding to each aggregation point. The second voltage threshold is 0.05V, and the constraints are sorted from largest to smallest using a quick sorting algorithm. The preset ratio is 20%, and the top 20% of the constraints with the largest differences are selected as key constraints. The average value of the aggregation gamma voltage difference corresponding to these key constraints is obtained, and the common voltage correction value is calculated. For edge pixels, the adjustment amount will be significantly reduced. The adjustment amount of the pixel is added to the panel's factory default common voltage to obtain its target common voltage. A compensation table containing all pixel coordinates and corresponding target voltage values ​​is generated for the driving circuit to call. The flickering problem of the LCD panel is mainly concentrated in the edge area and the center high brightness area. According to industry test data, these areas account for 15% to 25% of the entire panel area, so the preset ratio is 20%.

[0150] The LCD panel-based compensation and optimization system includes a data acquisition module, an enhancement module, a compensation module, and an execution module.

[0151] The acquisition module is used to acquire grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the LCD display panel;

[0152] The enhancement module is used to perform gradient sampling enhancement in the center area of ​​the panel. It constructs a gray level constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame gray level stability. Based on the gray level constraint matrix, it constructs effective inequality constraints to determine the minimum gray level difference.

[0153] The compensation module is used to calculate the basic gamma voltage difference based on the minimum gray level difference numbered sequentially. By analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame number, a hierarchical compensation strategy is adopted to calculate the final gamma voltage difference.

[0154] The execution module is used to construct the aggregation plane and solve the common voltage correction value using the separation algorithm. Finally, the compensation value is applied to the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

[0155] This invention constructs a full-link closed-loop optimization system, thereby achieving good compensation accuracy and effect. This invention focuses on gradient sampling enhancement in the central region of the panel, and ensures high fidelity and representativeness of the data through dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity and inter-frame grayscale stability, laying a solid foundation for accurate compensation. Based on this reliable dataset, this method further constructs a four-dimensional high-dimensional grayscale matrix that integrates pixels, sampling points, frame type, and polarity, evaluates the true display capability of each pixel unit, and obtains the minimum grayscale by using effective inequality constraints. Through in-depth analysis of gamma current... By addressing the fluctuation characteristics of voltage variation with frame rate, this invention employs a graded compensation strategy. It adaptively performs conservative fine-tuning when the image is stable and enhances compensation when the image is dynamically changing. This invention smooths multi-frame data by constructing a convergence plane and combines it with a symmetrical adjustment mechanism based on the panel center to smoothly and uniformly apply the common voltage correction value to the entire panel, effectively avoiding the block effect caused by abrupt compensation changes. In summary, this invention significantly improves the flickering, ghosting, and uneven brightness of liquid crystal displays through data acquisition, capability assessment, intelligent compensation, and global optimization, thereby enhancing the contrast, color accuracy, and visual clarity of dynamic images.

[0156] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0157] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Collect grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the LCD display panel; Step S2: Perform gradient sampling enhancement in the center area of ​​the panel. Through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability, construct a grayscale constraint matrix by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set, and construct effective inequality constraints based on the grayscale constraint matrix to determine the minimum grayscale difference. Step S3: Based on the minimum gray level difference, calculate the basic gamma voltage difference, analyze the fluctuation characteristics of gamma voltage with frame number, and use a hierarchical compensation strategy to calculate the final gamma voltage difference. Step S4: By constructing the aggregation plane and screening key constraints, solve for the common voltage correction value, and apply the compensation value to the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

2. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: A high-speed camera is used to capture the video stream of the LCD panel when displaying dynamic images. The camera frame rate is set to be greater than or equal to an integer multiple of the panel refresh rate. The video stream is demultiplexed, and single-frame grayscale images are extracted according to the panel refresh sequence. The resolution of each grayscale image is consistent with the physical resolution of the panel, and a frame number is assigned to each grayscale image. A two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the physical lower left corner of the liquid crystal display panel as the origin, the horizontal axis along the panel row direction as the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis along the panel column direction. The physical four corners of the liquid crystal display panel are used as calibration points. The pixel coordinates of the corresponding four calibration points are found in the grayscale image, and the mapping relationship between the image pixel unit coordinates and the physical pixel unit coordinates of the panel is established. For each frame of grayscale image, traverse each panel physical pixel unit, extract the grayscale value of the unit, and generate the original grayscale data table. The table header contains the frame number, pixel unit coordinates, and grayscale value. By sending grayscale control signals to the panel, the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and negative half-cycle gamma voltage value corresponding to each grayscale value are obtained, and a mapping relationship between grayscale value and gamma voltage is established. All frames are traversed to extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage in each frame.

3. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: A central region is constructed with the physical center of the liquid crystal display panel as the core. The half-length of the central region is equal to one-tenth of the smaller value between the total number of rows and the total number of columns of the panel. The row range of the central region is from half the total number of rows of the panel minus the half-length to half the total number of rows of the panel plus the half-length. The column range of the central region is from half the total number of columns of the panel minus the half-length to half the total number of columns of the panel plus the half-length. Within the central region, m pixels are uniformly sampled in the row and column directions of each pixel unit. All sampling points are numbered according to the sampling point numbering rule. The coordinates of the sampling points are obtained according to the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The grayscale values ​​of the sampling points are obtained according to the original grayscale data table. The sampling point numbering rule is as follows: first, traverse the sampling points of all pixel units in the first row of the central region, then traverse the second row, and so on, numbering them in order. For each sampling point's grayscale value, the rate of change of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the same sampling point in two adjacent frames is calculated according to the frame number to obtain the second-order neighbor term. The calculation process includes: for the sampling point in frame t, the absolute value of the difference between its grayscale value and the grayscale value of the previous frame is calculated, and then the absolute value of the difference between the grayscale values ​​of the previous frame and the frame before the previous frame is subtracted to obtain the second-order neighbor term of the sampling point in frame t. For the first and second frames, the second-order nearest neighbor terms are denoted as 0; For all sampling points of each pixel unit, calculate the root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term of the sampling point in all frames, remove sampling points whose root mean square value of the second-order neighbor term exceeds the neighbor term threshold, and the remaining sampling points constitute the effective sampling point set.

4. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: Based on the effective sampling point set, a four-dimensional high-dimensional grayscale matrix is ​​constructed, wherein the dimensions of the matrix are pixel unit number, sampling point number, frame type, and sub-pixel polarity. The pixel unit number is a unique identifier calculated based on the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the pixel unit in the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The method of obtaining it is: subtract one from the number of rows where the pixel unit is located, multiply by the total number of columns in the panel, and add the number of columns where it is located to form the pixel unit number. The frame type is determined by the frame number. A single-frame grayscale image with an odd frame number has an odd frame type, and a single-frame grayscale image with an even frame number has an even frame type. The sub-pixel polarity is the sub-pixel polarity set by the panel's factory hardware. Polarity 1 is a positive polarity sub-pixel, and polarity 2 is a negative polarity sub-pixel. Each element in the high-dimensional grayscale matrix is ​​constrained by sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame grayscale stability constraint. Elements that do not satisfy the sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint and inter-frame grayscale stability constraint are removed to form a new high-dimensional grayscale matrix. The sub-pixel polarity alternation constraint is as follows: in the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same frame type, the difference in grayscale value between positive polarity sub-pixels and negative polarity sub-pixels is less than or equal to the polarity grayscale threshold. The inter-frame grayscale stability constraint is as follows: in the same pixel unit, the same sampling point, and the same sub-pixel polarity, the difference in grayscale values ​​between odd-numbered frames and even-numbered frames is less than or equal to the type grayscale threshold.

5. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: Based on the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix, a grayscale constraint matrix is ​​constructed. The rows of the grayscale constraint matrix are pixel unit numbers, the columns are grayscale values, and the elements represent the displayability of the corresponding pixel unit for the preset evaluation grayscale value. The logic for determining the displayability is as follows: For each pixel unit and each grayscale value, traverse all valid data points of the pixel unit in the new high-dimensional grayscale matrix, count the number of data points whose grayscale value is equal to the evaluated grayscale value. If the number is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then the pixel unit is determined to have the displayability of the evaluated grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as a first value. If the number is less than the preset threshold, then the pixel unit is determined not to have the displayability of the evaluated grayscale value, and the corresponding element in the grayscale constraint matrix is ​​marked as a second value.

6. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: Based on the grayscale constraint matrix, an effective inequality for grayscale values ​​is constructed, specifically including: The maximum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the maximum displayable gray level, and the minimum gray level of the pixel unit corresponding to the element marked as the first value in the gray level constraint matrix is ​​taken as the minimum displayable gray level. Physically adjacent pairs of pixel units are designated as left and right pixel units. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit is designated as the first difference. The difference between the maximum displayable grayscale of the right pixel unit and the minimum displayable grayscale of the left pixel unit is designated as the second difference. The larger of the first and second differences is selected as the maximum possible difference. The grayscale difference between adjacent pixel units cannot exceed the maximum possible difference value; For a pair of adjacent pixel units with opposite polarities, the grayscale difference between the adjacent pixel units cannot be lower than the basic average difference of the polarity sub-pixels of the adjacent pixel units. The basic average difference is the average difference in gamma voltage between positive and negative polarity sub-pixels when displaying the same grayscale, as calibrated at the factory of the panel. For each pair of adjacent pixel units, the maximum possible difference and the basic average difference constitute the effective grayscale difference range; If the width of the effective grayscale difference interval is less than or equal to the grayscale difference threshold, the adjacent pixel unit pair is retained; if it is greater than the grayscale difference threshold, the adjacent pixel unit pair is discarded. Re-traverse all adjacent cell pairs in the row and column directions of the central region, extract the grayscale values ​​of adjacent cell pairs in odd-numbered frames, calculate the grayscale difference between adjacent cell pairs, calculate the average value of all grayscale differences, and if the average value is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the effective grayscale difference interval and less than or equal to the upper limit of the effective grayscale difference interval, then retain it as an effective grayscale difference. Select the effective grayscale difference with the smallest value from all effective grayscale differences as the minimum grayscale difference.

7. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: Based on the gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude, stable voltage range and unstable voltage range are divided. Gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude less than or equal to the voltage threshold belong to the stable voltage range, while gamma voltage values ​​with fluctuation amplitude greater than the voltage threshold belong to the unstable voltage range. The gamma voltage fluctuation amplitude is the deviation between the gamma voltage of each frame and the average value of all gamma voltages. The positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame is extracted by the mapping relationship between grayscale value and gamma voltage described in step S1. The intersection of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage value of each frame and the intermediate value section is used as the mapping point to form a mapping point set. The intermediate value section is the midpoint value of the positive half-cycle gamma voltage range; Obtain the standard deviation of the voltage values ​​of all mapping points in the mapping point set. When the standard deviation is less than or equal to the standard deviation threshold, a conservative compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to a first fixed value. When the standard deviation is greater than the standard deviation threshold, an enhanced compensation strategy is adopted, and the dynamic correction term is set to a second fixed value. The calculation process for the base voltage difference is as follows: calculate the difference between the maximum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value and the minimum positive half-cycle gamma voltage value, multiply the difference by the minimum gray level difference, and finally divide by 255 to obtain the base voltage difference. The base voltage difference is dynamically corrected, and the final gamma voltage difference is the sum of the base voltage difference and the dynamic correction term.

8. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: An aggregation plane is constructed with frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position as dimensions, and a preset aggregation function is used to aggregate the gamma voltage difference data of multiple consecutive frames. The construction and aggregation operation of the aggregation plane includes: constructing an aggregation plane in a three-dimensional space using the frame number, gamma voltage difference, and pixel unit position. The X-axis coordinate of any point in the plane is the frame number t, the Y-axis coordinate is the final gamma voltage difference, and the Z-axis coordinate is the coordinate of the pixel unit. A linear aggregation function is used to linearly weight and aggregate the final gamma voltage difference of three consecutive frames to obtain the aggregated gamma voltage difference. The aggregated data points are then associated with the sequence number of the intermediate frame to obtain the aggregation point.

9. The liquid crystal display panel compensation optimization method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: Based on the aggregation point, a constraint set for the common voltage correction value is constructed. The constraint condition in the constraint set is: the absolute value of the difference between the common voltage correction value and half of the gamma voltage difference at the aggregation point is less than or equal to the second voltage threshold. The quicksort algorithm is used to sort the differences from largest to smallest, and the constraints with the largest differences in the top preset proportion are selected as key constraints. The process of finding the common voltage correction value includes: calculating the average value of the aggregated gamma voltage difference corresponding to the selected key constraints, and then taking half of the average value as the common voltage correction value. Using the physical center coordinates of the panel as a reference, determine the vertical axis of symmetry and the horizontal axis of symmetry; For any pixel unit within the panel, the calculation process for its common voltage adjustment includes: calculating the square of the distance from the pixel unit's coordinates to the physical center coordinates of the panel, adding one, taking the square root as the denominator, and dividing the common voltage correction value by the denominator to obtain the adjustment amount. The target common voltage for each pixel unit is obtained by adding the panel's factory default common voltage to the calculated common voltage adjustment amount for that pixel unit; The final output is a set containing the coordinates of all pixel units on the panel and their corresponding target common voltage values, which is used by the panel driving circuit to control the twisting of liquid crystal molecules.

10. A liquid crystal display panel compensation and optimization system, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, an enhancement module, a compensation module, and an execution module; The acquisition module is used to acquire grayscale data and corresponding gamma voltage characteristic data of the liquid crystal display panel. The enhancement module is used to perform gradient sampling enhancement in the central area of ​​the panel. Through the dual constraints of second-order neighbor term calculation and sub-pixel polarity alternation and inter-frame grayscale stability, a grayscale constraint matrix is ​​constructed by evaluating the display capability of pixel units in the effective sampling point set, and an effective inequality constraint is constructed based on the grayscale constraint matrix to determine the minimum grayscale difference. The compensation module is used to calculate the basic gamma voltage difference based on the minimum gray level difference, analyze the fluctuation characteristics of the gamma voltage with the frame number, and use a hierarchical compensation strategy to calculate the final gamma voltage difference. The execution module is used to construct the aggregation plane and use the separation algorithm to solve the common voltage correction value. Finally, the compensation value is used for the liquid crystal display panel through symmetrical adjustment.

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