A composite automobile wire harness overmolding device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cable production technology, specifically a composite automotive wire harness overmolding equipment, including an overmolding machine base; a three-layer co-extrusion die head is fixedly connected to the overmolding machine base; by combining the adjustable preheating device of this cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wire harness overmolding equipment with three-layer co-extrusion technology, high-quality overmolding of wire cores of various thicknesses can be achieved. After the wire core is released from the unloading rack, it first passes through the center of four sliding square heat-conducting plates. By adjusting their positions, wire cores of different sizes can be uniformly preheated. The preheated wire core enters the three-layer co-extrusion die head, where the inner shielding layer, insulation layer, and outer shielding layer are simultaneously overmolded. Subsequently, the material is cross-linked and cured in a high-temperature nitrogen cross-linking pipeline. Finally, it is cooled, inspected, and wound up. The advantage of the equipment is that the position of the heat-conducting plates is adjustable, which can adapt to different wire diameters and reduce local overheating and insufficient preheating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cable production technology, specifically a composite automotive wiring harness overcoating molding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive wiring harnesses are the main network of automotive circuits. They consist of wires, connectors, terminals, and enclosures, and are responsible for connecting various electrical and electronic devices in the vehicle to transmit power, signals, and data. The reliability, interference resistance, and durability of their design directly affect the vehicle's functionality, safety, and comfort.

[0003] The extrusion coating process of cross-linked polyethylene insulated composite automotive wire harness includes multiple steps such as wire release, preheating extrusion, cross-linking, cooling, and take-up. First, the wire release frame releases the wire core with constant tension. Then, the wire core is preheated by a heating device. The preheated wire core enters a three-layer co-extrusion die head. Under high temperature and high pressure, the inner shielding layer, the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, and the outer shielding layer are synchronously, concentrically, and without gaps wrapped onto the wire core in sequence. After extrusion molding, the wire core enters a cross-linking pipe filled with high-temperature nitrogen, causing the cross-linked polyethylene material to undergo a chemical cross-linking reaction, transforming it from a thermoplastic to a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant thermosetting material. Finally, the wire core is gradually cooled and shaped by a segmented cooling water tank, and after online inspection, it is neatly coiled by a take-up device.

[0004] The core of the overmolding equipment used in the extrusion of cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wiring harnesses is a dedicated extruder. This equipment typically controls parameters such as preheating temperature, material melting temperature, and tension. The equipment is equipped with a high-performance screw to ensure uniform plasticization of the cross-linked polyethylene material. The production line integrates high-precision molds to ensure the concentricity of the insulation layer and can be connected with downstream processes such as automatic disc wrapping machines to achieve automated production from materials to finished products.

[0005] When extruding and coating cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wire harnesses, traditional extrusion coating equipment typically requires preheating of the wire core. Preheating refers to the process of heating the wire core during wire harness extrusion coating to ensure a tight bond between the insulation layer and the wire core and to improve the overall electrical and mechanical properties of the cable. This equipment achieves three-layer composite co-extrusion by feeding the preheated wire core into a three-layer co-extrusion die head, thereby completing the coating of the composite wire harness. However, traditional extrusion coating equipment usually processes wire harnesses with fixed specifications, such as multi-core and single-core wires of fixed sizes. Such equipment needs to operate according to the set fixed specifications. When dealing with wire cores of different thicknesses, it is difficult to adapt the preheating position according to the actual size of the wire core, which can easily affect the final wire harness forming effect.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment of the present invention includes an overmolding machine base; a three-layer co-extrusion die head is fixedly connected to the overmolding machine base; a fixed plate is fixedly connected to one end of the three-layer co-extrusion die head; four sliding rods are slidably connected to the fixed plate; a square plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rods; an electric heater is fixedly connected to the square plate near the center of the three-layer co-extrusion die head; a heat-conducting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the electric heater away from the square plate.

[0009] Preferably, a rotating disk is rotatably connected to the fixed disk; the rotating disk has four curved grooves, and the sliding rod slides within the curved grooves; the rotating disk has multiple semi-circular grooves; the fixed disk is provided with a limiting component, which is used to fix the rotating disk after adjustment and rotation.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting component includes a fixed plate, a fixed rod, a sliding block, and a limiting rod; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the fixed rod is fixedly connected inside the fixed plate; the sliding block is slidably connected to the fixed rod, and a first elastic element is sleeved on the fixed rod, with the first elastic element located between the top of the sliding block and the inner wall of the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, the heat-conducting plate has a curved cross-sectional shape; both ends of the heat-conducting plate are slidably connected to curved plates, and the curved plates have a curved cross-sectional shape and are made of metal; one end of the curved plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting plate with a second elastic element.

[0012] Preferably, guide plates are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both sides of the square plate; a roller is rotatably connected to the end of the guide plate away from the square plate; a winding rod is rotatably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the square plate via a torsion spring; a flexible roll material is provided on two adjacent winding rods, the flexible roll material is made of metal, the two ends of the flexible roll material are located inside the two square plates, and the flexible roll material is attached to the roller on the two guide plates; multiple long rods are fixedly connected to the fixed plate; a disc is fixedly connected to the long rod, and the square plate is attached to the disc.

[0013] Preferably, a heater is fixedly connected to the head of the three-layer co-extrusion die; a feed cylinder is fixedly connected to the heater; a heat exchange cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the heater near the square plate; multiple heat-conducting rods are fixedly connected to one end of the heater near the heat exchange cylinder, and the multiple heat-conducting rods are located inside the heat exchange cylinder; a No. 1 air duct is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder; a connecting assembly is provided at one end of the No. 1 air duct, and the connecting assembly is used to send hot air into a square plate.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a connector; the first connecting pipe is fixed to the end of the first air duct away from the heat exchange cylinder, and the first connecting pipe is made of a rigid material; the second connecting pipe is fixed to one end of the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is made of a flexible material; the connector is fixed to a square plate, and the bottom of the square plate has multiple preheating holes.

[0015] Preferably, a servo motor is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder; an agitator is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, and an agitator blade is fixedly connected to the agitator; a fixed air duct is fixedly connected to the outside of the feed cylinder; a guide pipe is fixedly connected between the fixed air duct and the heat exchange cylinder; a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the fixed air duct, an exhaust fan blade is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the agitator and the rotating rod are connected by a belt assembly.

[0016] Preferably, a second air duct is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder; a preheating cylinder is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder; a spiral air hole is opened inside the preheating cylinder; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the preheating cylinder and the first connecting pipe, and the second air duct can be connected to the first connecting pipe through the spiral air hole and the exhaust pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a heat-gathering cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the heat-gathering cylinder has multiple diffuser holes inside; and a soft short pipe connects the heat-gathering cylinder to the preheating hole of a square plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The composite automotive wire harness overmolding equipment of the present invention combines an adjustable preheating device with three-layer co-extrusion technology to achieve high-quality overmolding of wire cores of various thicknesses. After the wire core is released from the wire release rack, it first passes through the center of four sliding square heat-conducting plates. By adjusting their positions, wire cores of different sizes can be uniformly preheated. The preheated wire core enters the three-layer co-extrusion die head, where an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, and an outer shielding layer are simultaneously overmolded. Subsequently, the material is cross-linked and cured in a high-temperature nitrogen cross-linking pipeline. Finally, it is cooled, inspected, and wound up. The advantages of the equipment are that the position of the heat-conducting plates is adjustable, which can adapt to different wire diameters and reduce local overheating and insufficient preheating. The metal heat-conducting plates also provide local insulation for the wire core, reducing heat loss and ensuring stable preheating temperature.

[0019] 2. The composite automotive wire harness overcoating and molding equipment of the present invention uses a retractable flexible metal roll to adaptively surround the wire core. When the four square plates move away from each other, the roll is pulled out from the take-up bar, extends along the guide plate and roller, and surrounds the wire core in the center. When the square plates move closer, the torsion spring in the take-up bar resets, pulling the roll to smoothly shrink. The roller assists the roll in smooth expansion and contraction during the process, ensuring stable operation. The metal roll has good strength and toughness, can withstand repeated expansion and contraction stress, and can absorb and retain preheating heat, providing effective insulation for the wire core and ensuring the quality of preheating and subsequent molding. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the square plate structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the curved plate in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-concentrating cylinder in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting rod in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 air vent in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Overmolding machine base; 11. Three-layer co-extrusion die head; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Sliding rod; 14. Square plate; 15. Heater; 16. Heat-conducting plate; 2. Rotary disc; 21. Curved groove; 22. Semi-circular groove; 3. Fixed plate; 31. Fixed rod; 32. Sliding block; 33. Limiting rod; 4. Curved plate; 5. Guide plate; 51. Flexible roll material; 52. Long rod; 53. Disc; 6. Feed cylinder 61. Heater; 62. Heat exchange cylinder; 63. Heat-conducting rod; 64. No. 1 air duct; 7. No. 1 connecting pipe; 71. No. 2 connecting pipe; 72. Connector; 8. Servo motor; 81. Stirring rod; 82. Fixed air duct; 83. Guide pipe; 84. Rotating rod; 9. No. 2 air duct; 91. Preheating cylinder; 92. Spiral air hole; 93. Exhaust pipe; 94. Flexible short pipe; 95. Heat-concentrating cylinder; 96. Diffuser air hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment includes an overmolding machine base 1; a three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 is fixedly connected to the overmolding machine base 1; a fixed plate 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11; four sliding rods 13 are slidably connected to the fixed plate 12; a square plate 14 is fixedly connected to the sliding rods 13; an electric heater 15 is fixedly connected to the square plate 14 near the center of the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11; and the end of the electric heater 15 away from the square plate 14 is fixedly connected to... The equipment includes a heat-conducting plate 16; the extrusion coating molding equipment for cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wiring harnesses uses a coating molding machine base 1 as the main structure of the molding equipment. A three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 is fixed to the coating molding machine base 1 as an important component of the extrusion coating molding process. A fixed plate 12 is fixed to one end of the coating molding machine base 1, supporting four sliding rods 13. Each sliding rod 13 is equipped with a square plate 14, on which a heater 15 and a heat-conducting plate 16 are mounted. The equipment is used for extruding and coating cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wiring harnesses. During the overmolding process, cross-linked polyethylene and other materials are added to the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 for melting. The wire feeder releases the wire core under constant tension, first passing it through the center of four square plates 14. According to the current wire core size being processed, the positions of the four sliding rods 13 and the square plates 14 are slid respectively, so that the four heat-conducting plates 16 can surround the wire core. Then, the positions of the four square plates 14 are fixed, and the four electric heaters 15 work simultaneously to heat the heat-conducting plates 16. The wire core passing through the four heat-conducting plates 16 is preheated, and the preheated wire core passes through the fixed plate 16. After coil 12, the wire core enters the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11. Under high temperature and high pressure, the inner shielding layer, cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, and outer shielding layer are synchronously, concentrically, and without gaps wrapped around the wire core. After extrusion and coating, the wire core enters a cross-linking pipe filled with high temperature nitrogen, causing the cross-linked polyethylene material to undergo a chemical cross-linking reaction, transforming it from thermoplastic to heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant thermosetting material. Finally, the wire core is gradually cooled and shaped by a segmented cooling water tank, and after online testing, it is neatly coiled by a take-up device. The advantage of this composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment is that it can effectively solve the problem that traditional equipment cannot adapt to multiple types and different thicknesses of wire cores. Through the adjustable sliding rod 13 and square plate 14, the position of the four heat-conducting plates 16 can be adjusted according to the actual size of the wire core, thereby ensuring that the wire core is heated evenly during preheating. For example, when dealing with thinner wire cores, the sliding rod 13 and square plate 14 can be slid towards the center to bring the four heat-conducting plates 16 closer to the wire core, ensuring the preheating effect; while for thicker wire cores, the sliding rod 13 and square plate 14 can be slid outward to reduce the situation of local overheating caused by the four heat-conducting plates 16 being too close to the wire core. Meanwhile, four square plates 14 are located around the core. The surface of the square plates 14 near the core is made of metal, which can partially shield and insulate the core, ensuring that the temperature at the core preheating point is relatively stable. During the preheating process, this reduces the rate at which heat is rapidly lost from the core preheating point.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a rotating disk 2 is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 12; the rotating disk 2 has four curved grooves 21, and the sliding rod 13 slides within the curved grooves 21; the rotating disk 2 has multiple semi-circular grooves 22; a limiting component is provided on the fixed disk 12, which is used to fix the rotating disk 2 after adjustment and rotation; when the positions of the four square plates 14 are adjusted synchronously, the fixing of the rotating disk 2 by the limiting component is first released, and the limiting component moves away from one of the semi-circular grooves 22. Then, the rotating disk 2 is rotated according to the current processed wire core size, and the rotating disk 2 synchronously drives the four sliding rods 13 to slide in the four curved grooves 21. On the rotary table 1 and the rotating disk 2, the positions of multiple square plates 14 and heat-conducting plates 16 are adjusted synchronously. After the adjustment is completed, a limiting component is pressed into another semi-circular groove 22 to fix the position of the rotating disk 2. This achieves flexible adaptation to different wire core sizes. The operation is simple and efficient. Only simple rotation and fixing actions are needed to quickly complete the preheating position adjustment of the equipment. Moreover, this synchronous adjustment method ensures the consistency of the position adjustment of multiple square plates 14 and heat-conducting plates 16, reduces problems such as uneven preheating of wire cores caused by inconsistent position adjustments, and improves the applicability of the composite automotive wire harness overmolding equipment.

[0026] The limiting assembly includes a fixed plate 3, a fixed rod 31, a sliding block 32, and a limiting rod 33. The fixed plate 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed disk 12. The fixed rod 31 is fixedly connected inside the fixed plate 3. The sliding block 32 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 31. A first elastic element is sleeved on the fixed rod 31, and the first elastic element is located between the top of the sliding block 32 and the inner wall of the fixed plate 3. When the rotary disk 2 is limited to rotate, the sliding block 32 on the fixed plate 3 is first pulled upwards. The sliding block 32 slides on the fixed rod 31 and squeezes the first elastic element to contract and bear force. The limiting rod 33 then moves accordingly. The sliding block 32 slides up and leaves a semi-circular groove 22. The rotary disk 2 is rotated to adjust the position of the four heat-conducting plates 16 according to the current core size. After the adjustment is completed, the sliding block 32 is released, and the elastic element No. 1 drives the limit rod 33 to reset. The limit rod 33 is pressed into another semi-circular groove 22 to fix and limit the rotary disk 2. The structure of this limit component is relatively simple, easy to install and maintain, and reduces the maintenance cost of the equipment. In actual operation, it reacts quickly and can quickly respond to the needs of position adjustment, so that the equipment can operate more flexibly and stably when facing different core sizes.

[0027] The heat-conducting plate 16 has a curved cross-sectional shape; both ends of the heat-conducting plate 16 are slidably connected to curved plates 4, and the curved plates 4 are also curved in cross-sectional shape and made of metal; one end of the curved plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting plate 16 by a second elastic element; when preheating wire cores of different sizes, the gaps created after adjusting the positions of the four heat-conducting plates 16 can easily affect the preheating and forming quality of the wire cores. The curved plates 4 are slidably connected to both sides of the curved heat-conducting plate 16 by the second elastic element. Under the pressure of the second elastic element, the curved plates 4 can slide out of the heat-conducting plate 16 and extend into the interior of the heat-conducting plate 16 when the four heat-conducting plates 16 move away from each other, so that the four heat-conducting plates 16 can be slid together. The gap created after the hot plate 16 is adjusted is filled by two curved plates 4. The metal curved plates 4 can conduct heat from the heat-conducting plate 16, thereby ensuring uniform temperature around the wire core and reducing the impact of localized low temperature caused by the gap on preheating and forming effects. Moreover, this sliding curved plate 4 structure design allows the equipment to adapt to changes in different wire core sizes. When the wire core size increases, the curved plate 4 slides out further under the action of the second elastic element, always maintaining effective filling of the gap. When the wire core size decreases, the curved plate 4 will retract into the interior of the heat-conducting plate 16 under the pressure of the four heat-conducting plates 16 approaching each other, allowing the equipment to adapt to the production needs of different specifications of wire cores more quickly.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, guide plates 5 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both sides of the square plate 14; a roller is rotatably connected to the end of the guide plate 5 away from the square plate 14; a winding rod is rotatably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the square plate 14 via a torsion spring; a flexible roll material 51 is provided on two adjacent winding rods, the flexible roll material 51 is made of metal, the two ends of the flexible roll material 51 are located inside the two square plates 14, and the flexible roll material 51 is attached to the roller on the two guide plates 5; multiple long rods 52 are fixedly connected to the fixed plate 12; a disc 53 is fixedly connected to the long rods 52, and the square plate 14 is attached to the disc 53; when the preheating area of ​​the composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment is shielded, the four square plates 14 can slide closer to each other or further away from each other. During the process of the four square plates 14 moving away from each other, the roll-up inside the two square plates 14 and the roll-up inside the two square plates 14 are closer to each other. The flexible roll 51 on the two take-up rods is pulled, and the torsion springs on the take-up rods are stressed. The flexible roll 51 extends and adheres to the two guide plates 5 and the rollers, surrounding the wire core in the center. The four long rods 52 support the disc 53 to seal one end of the opening. When the four square plates 14 approach each other, the torsion springs on the take-up rods reset, pulling the flexible roll 51 back onto the take-up rods. The flexible roll 51 gradually shrinks. During this process, the rollers assist the flexible roll 51 in smoothly extending and shrinking, ensuring the stability of the flexible roll 51 during the extension and contraction process. At the same time, since the flexible roll 51 is made of metal, it has strength and toughness, can withstand the stress during the pulling and winding process and is not easily damaged. The metal flexible roll 51 can also absorb the heat during the preheating process, insulate the preheating area of ​​the wire core, and ensure the preheating and forming effect of the wire core.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, a heater 61 is fixedly connected to the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11; a feed cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the heater 61; a heat exchange cylinder 62 is fixedly connected to one end of the heater 61 near the square plate 14; multiple heat-conducting rods 63 are fixedly connected to one end of the heater 61 near the heat exchange cylinder 62, and the multiple heat-conducting rods 63 are located inside the heat exchange cylinder 62; a first air duct 64 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder 62; a connecting component is provided at one end of the first air duct 64, and the connecting component is used to send hot air into a square plate 14; when cross-linked polyethylene and other materials are added to the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 for melting, the material is poured into the inside of the feed cylinder 6, and the material flows along the feed cylinder 6 to the heater 61. The heater 61 works to generate heat to heat the material, and cooperates with the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 to melt the material and wait for the core to be extruded and coated; at the same time, the heater 61... The excess heat generated can be conducted to the heat exchange cylinder 62 through multiple heat-conducting rods 63. An external fan blows air into the heat exchange cylinder 62, and the hot air generated inside the heat exchange cylinder 62 is blown into the connecting assembly through the first air duct 64. After passing through the connecting assembly, it reaches a square plate 14 and is blown out. The hot air blows to the preheating area of ​​the wire core, so that the wire core is preheated and then kept warm. This helps to improve the adhesion and coating effect of cross-linked polyethylene and other materials to the wire core. The hot air forms a stable thermal environment at the preheating area of ​​the wire core, reducing the fluctuation of the surface temperature of the wire core and reducing problems such as uneven coating and air bubbles caused by temperature differences. Moreover, this method of using the excess heat of the heater 61 to generate hot air to preheat the wire core achieves efficient use of energy. In the subsequent coating molding process, the preheated wire core can better fuse with the molten material, making the coating layer tighter and stronger.

[0030] The connecting assembly includes a first connecting pipe 7, a second connecting pipe 71, and a connector 72. The first connecting pipe 7 is fixed to the end of the first air duct 64 away from the heat exchange cylinder 62, and the first connecting pipe 7 is made of a rigid material. The second connecting pipe 71 is fixed to one end of the first connecting pipe 7, and the second connecting pipe 71 is made of a flexible material. The connector 72 is fixed to a square plate 14, and the bottom of the square plate 14 has multiple preheating holes. When the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is guided, the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is sent to the first connecting pipe 7 through the first air duct 64. The rigid first connecting pipe 7 can always remain in place, while the flexible second connecting pipe 71 can slide and connect flexibly with the position of the square plate 14, so that the hot air entering the second connecting pipe 71 is smoothly guided to the multiple preheating holes at the bottom of the square plate 14 and blown out, which plays a role in adapting the guidance of hot air.

[0031] A servo motor 8 is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder 6; an agitator 81 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 8, and an agitator blade is fixedly connected to the agitator 81; a fixed air duct 82 is fixedly connected to the outside of the feed cylinder 6; a guide pipe 83 is fixedly connected between the fixed air duct 82 and the heat exchange cylinder 62; a rotating rod 84 is rotatably connected to the fixed air duct 82, and an exhaust fan blade is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 84, and the agitator 81 and the rotating rod 84 are connected by a belt assembly; when air is blown into the heat exchange cylinder 62, the servo motor 8... The stirring rod 81, fixed on the feed cylinder 6, rotates and is driven to move. The stirring rod 81, together with the stirring blades, can stir the material in the feed cylinder 6, assisting in the dispersion, heating and melting of the material. Meanwhile, the rotating rod 84, connected by the belt assembly, can rotate synchronously, driving the rotating rod 84 to rotate inside the fixed air duct 82 in conjunction with the exhaust fan blades to draw air. The drawn air is sent to the heat exchange cylinder 62 through the guide pipe 83 and blown onto the heat guide rod 63, so that hot air can be generated inside the heat exchange cylinder 62 and discharged, thus playing the role of simultaneously stirring the material and drawing air.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a second air duct 9 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder 62; a preheating cylinder 91 is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder 6; a spiral air hole 92 is opened inside the preheating cylinder 91; an exhaust pipe 93 is fixedly connected between the preheating cylinder 91 and the first connecting pipe 7, and the second air duct 9 can be connected to the first connecting pipe 7 through the spiral air hole 92 and the exhaust pipe 93; when hot air is generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62, part of the hot air can be blown into the interior of the preheating cylinder 91 through the second air duct 9. The hot air is guided in the spiral air hole 92 to heat the preheating cylinder 91. The heated preheating cylinder 91 can preheat the material at the bottom of the feed cylinder 6. The preheated material can be accelerated to melt after entering the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, improving the melting effect of the material. At the same time, the hot air passing through the spiral air hole 92 can be sent to the first connecting pipe 7 through the exhaust pipe 93 until it is sent to the preheating point for reuse, ensuring a stable supply of hot air to the preheating point.

[0033] A heat-collecting cylinder 95 is fixedly attached to the fixed plate 12; multiple diffuser holes 96 are opened inside the heat-collecting cylinder 95; a flexible short pipe 94 connects the heat-collecting cylinder 95 to the preheating hole of a square plate 14; when the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is sent into the square plate 14, the hot air is discharged from the multiple preheating holes into the space between the four square plates 14, and part of the hot air is sent through the preheating holes to the heat-collecting cylinder 95 connected by the flexible short pipe 94, and discharged and gathered through the multiple diffuser holes 96. The hot air provides stable insulation around the core that is about to reach the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, ensuring that the core maintains its temperature when entering the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, reducing the probability of affecting the coating quality due to temperature changes; at the same time, this surrounding insulation method can make the core heatd more evenly, reducing the adverse effects of temperature differences, and since the hot air gathers after being discharged from the multiple diffuser holes 96, a relatively stable thermal environment is formed, further enhancing the insulation effect.

[0034] Working process: During the extrusion and coating molding of cross-linked polyethylene composite automotive wire harnesses, cross-linked polyethylene and other materials are added to the three-layer co-extrusion head 11 for melting. The wire release frame releases the wire core with constant tension, first passing through the center of four square plates 14. According to the current wire core size being processed, the positions of the four sliding rods 13 and the square plates 14 are slid respectively, so that the four heat-conducting plates 16 can surround the wire core. Then, the positions of the four square plates 14 are fixed, and the four electric heaters 15 work simultaneously to heat the heat-conducting plates 16. The wire core passing through the four heat-conducting plates 16 is preheated. After preheating, the wire core passes through the fixed plate 12 and enters the interior of the three-layer co-extrusion head 11. The three-layer co-extrusion head 11 heats the wire core under high temperature and high pressure. The outer shielding layer, cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, and outer shielding layer are synchronously, concentrically, and without gaps sequentially wrapped around the wire core. After extrusion and coating, the wire core enters a cross-linking pipe filled with high-temperature nitrogen, causing the cross-linked polyethylene material to undergo a chemical cross-linking reaction, transforming it from a thermoplastic to a heat- and corrosion-resistant thermosetting material. Finally, the wire core is gradually cooled and shaped by a segmented cooling water tank, and after online inspection, it is neatly coiled by a take-up device. When the positions of the four square plates 14 are adjusted synchronously, the limiting components are first released from fixing the rotary disk 2, and the limiting components move away from a semi-circular groove 22. Then, the rotary disk 2 is rotated according to the current size of the processed wire core. The rotary disk 2 synchronously drives the four sliding rods 13 to slide in the four curved grooves 21. On the rotary disk 2, the positions of multiple square plates 14 and heat-conducting plates 16 are adjusted synchronously. After adjustment, a limiting component is pressed into another semi-circular groove 22 to fix the position of the rotary disk 2, thereby achieving flexible adaptation to different wire core sizes. The operation is simple and efficient. Only simple rotation and fixing actions are needed to quickly complete the preheating position adjustment of the equipment. Moreover, this synchronous adjustment method ensures the consistency of the position adjustment of multiple square plates 14 and heat-conducting plates 16, reducing problems such as uneven preheating of wire cores caused by inconsistent position adjustments, and improving the applicability of the composite automotive wire harness coating molding equipment. When the rotary disk 2 is rotated and limited, the sliding plate on the fixing plate 3 is pulled first. Sliding block 32 slides upward, slides on fixed rod 31 and squeezes elastic element 1 to contract and bear force. Limiting rod 33 moves away from semi-circular groove 22 as sliding block 32 slides upward. Rotating wheel 2 adjusts the position of four heat-conducting plates 16 according to the current core size. After adjustment, sliding block 32 is released, elastic element 1 drives limiting rod 33 to reset. Limiting rod 33 is pressed into another semi-circular groove 22 to fix and limit rotating wheel 2. The structure of this limiting component is relatively simple, easy to install and maintain, and reduces equipment maintenance costs. It reacts quickly in actual operation and can quickly respond to the needs of position adjustment, so that the equipment can operate more flexibly and stably when facing different core sizes. When preheating wire cores of different sizes, the gaps created after adjusting the positions of the four heat-conducting plates 16 can easily affect the preheating and forming quality of the wire cores. The two sides of the curved heat-conducting plate 16 are slidably connected to curved plates 4 via second elastic elements. Under the pressure of the second elastic elements, the curved plates 4 can slide out of the interior of the heat-conducting plates 16 when the four heat-conducting plates 16 move away from each other, so that the gaps created after adjusting the positions of the four heat-conducting plates 16 are filled by the two curved plates 4. The metal curved plates 4 can conduct heat from the heat-conducting plates 16, thus... This design ensures uniform temperature around the wire core, reducing the impact of localized low temperatures caused by gaps on preheating and forming effects. Furthermore, the sliding curved plate 4 structure allows the equipment to adapt to changes in wire core size. When the wire core size increases, the curved plate 4 slides further out under the action of the second elastic element, always maintaining effective filling of the gap. When the wire core size decreases, the curved plate 4 retracts into the interior of the four heat-conducting plates 16 under the pressure of their proximity, enabling the equipment to adapt more quickly to the production needs of wire cores of different specifications. When the preheating area of ​​the composite automotive wiring harness overmolding equipment is shielded, the four square plates 14 can slide closer to or further apart. During the process of the four square plates 14 moving away from each other, the flexible roll 51 wound inside two square plates 14 and close to each other on two take-up rods is pulled, the torsion springs on the take-up rods are stressed, and the flexible roll 51 extends and adheres to the two guide plates 5 and the rollers, surrounding the wire core at the center. The four long rods 52 support the disc 53, sealing one end of the opening. When the four square plates 14 move closer to each other, the torsion springs on the take-up rods reset, pulling the flexible roll 51 back onto the take-up rods. The flexible roll 51 gradually contracts. During this process, the rollers assist in the flexible roll... The smooth extension and contraction of material 51 ensures the stability of the flexible roll 51 during the stretching and contraction process. Simultaneously, because the flexible roll 51 is made of metal, it possesses strength and toughness, capable of withstanding the stress during pulling and winding without easily being damaged. The metal flexible roll 51 can also absorb heat during the preheating process, insulating the preheated area of ​​the wire core to ensure preheating and forming effect. When cross-linked polyethylene and other materials are added to the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11 for melting, the material is poured into the feed cylinder 6. The material flows along the feed cylinder 6 to the heater 61, where the heater 61 generates heat to heat the material, and in conjunction with the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, melts the material before forming the wire core. Extrusion coating molding is performed; simultaneously, the excess heat generated by heater 61 can be conducted to heat exchange cylinder 62 through multiple heat-conducting rods 63. An external fan supplies air into heat exchange cylinder 62, and the hot air generated inside heat exchange cylinder 62 is blown into the connecting assembly through the first air duct 64. After passing through the connecting assembly, it reaches a square plate 14 and exits. The hot air reaches the preheating area of ​​the wire core, ensuring continuous heat preservation after preheating. This helps improve the adhesion and coating effect between cross-linked polyethylene and other materials and the wire core. The hot air creates a stable thermal environment at the wire core preheating area, reducing fluctuations in the wire core surface temperature and minimizing uneven coating and air bubbles caused by temperature differences. Moreover, this method utilizes the excess heat of heater 61... The method of generating hot air to preheat the wire core achieves efficient energy utilization. In the subsequent coating process, the preheated wire core can better fuse with the molten material, making the coating layer tighter and stronger. When the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is guided, the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is sent to the first connecting pipe 7 through the first air pipe 64. The rigid first connecting pipe 7 can always remain in place, while the flexible second connecting pipe 71 can be flexibly connected as the square plate 14 slides, so that the hot air entering the second connecting pipe 71 can be smoothly guided to multiple preheating holes at the bottom of the square plate 14 and blown out, playing the role of adaptive hot air guidance. When air is blown into the heat exchange cylinder 62, the servo motor 8, fixed on the feed cylinder 6, drives the stirring rod 81 to rotate. The stirring rod 81, in conjunction with the stirring blades, agitates the material inside the feed cylinder 6, assisting in the dispersion, heating, and melting of the material. Meanwhile, the rotating rod 84, connected via the belt assembly, rotates synchronously, causing the rotating rod 84 to rotate inside the fixed air duct 82 in conjunction with the exhaust fan blades to draw air. The drawn air is then sent through the guide pipe 83 to the heat exchange cylinder 62 and blown onto the heat guide rod 63, enabling the heat exchange cylinder 62 to generate hot air for exhaust, thus simultaneously agitating the material and drawing air out. Function: When hot air is generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62, some of the hot air can be blown into the interior of the preheating cylinder 91 through the second air pipe 9. The hot air is guided in the spiral air hole 92 to heat the preheating cylinder 91. The heated preheating cylinder 91 can preheat the material at the bottom of the feed cylinder 6. The preheated material can accelerate melting after entering the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, improving the melting effect of the material. At the same time, the hot air passing through the spiral air hole 92 can be sent to the first connecting pipe 7 through the exhaust pipe 93 until it is sent to the preheating area for reuse, ensuring a stable supply of hot air to the preheating area. When the hot air generated in the heat exchange cylinder 62 is sent into a square plate 14, the hot air is discharged from multiple preheating holes into the space between the four square plates 14. Part of the hot air is sent through the preheating holes to the heat-gathering cylinder 95 connected to the flexible short pipe 94, and is discharged and gathered through multiple diffuser holes 96. The hot air provides stable insulation around the core wire that is about to enter the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, ensuring that the core wire maintains its temperature when entering the three-layer co-extrusion die head 11, reducing the probability of affecting the coating molding quality due to temperature changes. At the same time, this surrounding insulation method can make the core wire more evenly heated, reducing the adverse effects of temperature differences. Moreover, since the hot air gathers after being discharged from multiple diffuser holes 96, a relatively stable thermal environment is formed, which further enhances the insulation effect.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite automotive wiring harness overcoating molding equipment, characterized in that: The device includes an overmolding machine base; a three-layer co-extrusion die head is fixedly connected to the overmolding machine base; a fixed plate is fixedly connected to one end of the three-layer co-extrusion die head; four sliding rods are slidably connected to the fixed plate; a square plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rods; an electric heater is fixedly connected to the square plate near the center of the three-layer co-extrusion die head; and a heat-conducting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the electric heater away from the square plate.

2. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating disk is rotatably connected to the fixed disk; the rotating disk has four curved grooves, and the sliding rod slides in the curved grooves; the rotating disk has multiple semi-circular grooves; the fixed disk is provided with a limiting component, which is used to fix the rotating disk after adjustment and rotation.

3. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a fixed plate, a fixed rod, a sliding block, and a limiting rod; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the fixed rod is fixedly connected inside the fixed plate; the sliding block is slidably connected to the fixed rod, and a first elastic element is sleeved on the fixed rod, with the first elastic element located between the top of the sliding block and the inner wall of the fixed plate.

4. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting plate has a curved cross-sectional shape; both ends of the heat-conducting plate are slidably connected to curved plates, and the curved plates are also curved in cross-sectional shape and made of metal; one end of the curved plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting plate with a second elastic element.

5. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide plates are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both sides of the square plate; a roller is rotatably connected to the end of the guide plate away from the square plate; a winding rod is rotatably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the square plate via a torsion spring; a flexible roll material is provided on two adjacent winding rods, the flexible roll material is made of metal, the two ends of the flexible roll material are located inside the two square plates, and the flexible roll material is attached to the roller on the two guide plates; multiple long rods are fixedly connected to the fixed plate; a disc is fixedly connected to the long rod, and the square plate is attached to the disc.

6. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heater is fixedly connected to the head of the three-layer co-extrusion die; a feed cylinder is fixedly connected to the heater; a heat exchange cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the heater near the square plate; multiple heat-conducting rods are fixedly connected to one end of the heater near the heat exchange cylinder, and the multiple heat-conducting rods are located inside the heat exchange cylinder; a No. 1 air duct is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder; a connecting assembly is provided at one end of the No. 1 air duct, and the connecting assembly is used to send hot air into a square plate.

7. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a connector; the first connecting pipe is fixed to the end of the first air duct away from the heat exchange cylinder, and the first connecting pipe is made of a rigid material; the second connecting pipe is fixed to one end of the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is made of a flexible material; the connector is fixed to a square plate, and the bottom of the square plate has multiple preheating holes.

8. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A servo motor is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder; an agitator is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, and an agitator blade is fixedly connected to the agitator; a fixed air duct is fixedly connected to the outside of the feed cylinder; a guide pipe is fixedly connected between the fixed air duct and the heat exchange cylinder; a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the fixed air duct, and an exhaust fan blade is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the agitator and the rotating rod are connected by a belt assembly.

9. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second air duct is fixedly connected to the heat exchange cylinder; a preheating cylinder is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder; a spiral air hole is opened inside the preheating cylinder; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the preheating cylinder and the first connecting pipe, and the second air duct can be connected to the first connecting pipe through the spiral air hole and the exhaust pipe.

10. The composite automotive wiring harness overcoating and molding equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A heat-gathering cylinder is fixedly attached to the fixed plate; the heat-gathering cylinder has multiple diffuser holes inside; a soft short pipe connects the heat-gathering cylinder to the preheating hole of a square plate.

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