A reserve-in-one power supply control system and control method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of power distribution equipment and discloses a power supply control system and method that integrates UPS and energy storage, solving the problems of independent operation, limited functionality, and low battery utilization in existing systems. The system includes a UPS system, battery modules, a BMS, an EMS, and a load tracking module. The BMS connects to the battery modules for balanced management and status monitoring. The load tracking module uploads BMS information to the EMS. The EMS communicates bidirectionally with the BMS and UPS and issues commands. The UPS connects to the mains power, battery modules, and load. The BMS generates battery management information, which is uploaded to the EMS by the load tracking module. The EMS issues commands based on the grid load, and the UPS responds to these commands to achieve peak shaving and valley filling. When the mains power fails, it switches to battery power. This invention expands the UPS's energy storage function through integrated component collaboration, improves battery utilization, reduces maintenance costs through precise BMS management, ensures uninterrupted power supply, and is highly practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power distribution equipment, specifically relating to a power supply control system and control method that integrates power reserve. Background Technology

[0002] In environments where power supply reliability and security are extremely critical, UPS power supplies are essential equipment for ensuring power supply. Connected between the mains power and the critical load, a UPS provides a stable, high-quality power source. When the input power fails, the UPS can quickly switch to battery power mode, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the load.

[0003] UPS power supplies are widely used in data centers, critical industrial kilns, communications, and many other fields. However, current UPS systems have the following significant problems: Functional limitations: UPS systems have relatively limited functionality, primarily serving as backup power for critical loads and failing to fully utilize other potentials. High battery maintenance costs: UPS backup battery banks typically use lead-acid batteries, which have a relatively short lifespan. As usage time increases, battery capacity and performance gradually decline, requiring regular replacement or maintenance, leading to significantly increased operating costs. Low battery utilization: When the mains power supply is normal, UPS system batteries are in a float charge state for extended periods, with very few discharges, typically only once every six months, resulting in serious resource waste and low utilization. Energy storage systems utilize batteries to discharge during peak electricity demand periods to power loads, and charge them during off-peak periods, achieving peak shaving and valley filling. This not only improves grid power utilization but also leverages the price difference between peak and off-peak periods to effectively reduce electricity costs and lower operating costs.

[0004] Currently, UPS systems and energy storage systems mostly operate independently, with their control logic separated. Although UPS systems and energy storage control systems are relatively mature in their respective development, there is still no perfect solution for integrating the energy storage control system with the UPS control system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing UPS systems having single functions, low battery utilization and high maintenance costs, and to provide a power supply control system and control method that integrates power reserve.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: The present invention proposes a power supply control system that integrates energy storage and power supply, including a UPS system, a battery module, a battery management system (BMS), an energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS), and a load tracking module. The battery management system (BMS) is connected to the battery module to perform equalization management, monitor battery status in real time, and output battery management information. The load tracking module is connected to the battery management system (BMS) and the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) respectively, and is used to upload battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) establishes bidirectional connections with the Battery Management System (BMS) and the UPS system respectively, in order to receive battery management information and send control commands to the BMS and UPS systems. The UPS system is connected to the mains power, battery modules, and load power respectively. When the mains power is normal, it responds to the EMS command of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system, controls the battery modules to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / peak power consumption periods to achieve peak shaving and valley filling. When the mains power fails, it switches to the battery module power supply mode to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load.

[0007] Preferably, the UPS system integrates a rectifier, a charger, and an inverter. The rectifier, charger, and inverter are electrically connected to the battery module and the power grid, respectively, to realize bidirectional power transmission and AC / DC conversion between the battery module and the power grid, and to execute the charging and discharging control commands of the UPS system.

[0008] Preferably, the battery management system (BMS) has a hierarchical structure, including a bottom-level battery management unit (BMU), a middle-level battery cluster management unit (BMU), and a top-level energy storage power station main control system (BAMS). The underlying battery management unit (BMU) is used to monitor the voltage and temperature parameters of individual cells in real time, calculate the SOC and SOH data of individual cells, and upload data and alarm information. The middle-layer battery cluster management unit is used to collect the total voltage, current and temperature data of the battery module, control the switching on and off of the battery module, receive data from the bottom-layer battery management unit (BMU) and perform abnormal alarms and protection. The top-level energy storage power station main control system BAMS is used to display real-time data, issue alarm reminders and provide query functions. It connects to at least one group of mid-level battery cluster management units and communicates with the energy storage converter PCS to achieve centralized management.

[0009] Preferably, the middle-layer battery cluster management unit (BCMU) is equipped with a wet contact output port, a dry contact output port, a switch input detection port, and CAN and RS485 communication interfaces to receive and upload data and alarm information in real time, thereby enabling remote monitoring of the battery module.

[0010] Preferably, the underlying battery management unit (BMU) is equipped with a communication interface to enable on-site alarms.

[0011] Preferably, the top-level energy storage power station main control system BAMS is connected to the energy storage converter PCS via RS485 or network.

[0012] Preferably, the hardware component of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) includes an energy storage controller and an energy storage router, which receive dispatch instructions from the energy storage router to achieve precise control of each energy storage device. The EMS software component of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system is based on an IoT architecture. It downloads decision models to the cloud system, collects data from the battery management system (BMS), energy storage converter (PCS), and AC / DC bus in real time, and uploads it to the cloud system. Through intelligent algorithms, it realizes intelligent operation and optimized management of the energy storage system.

[0013] Preferably, the hardware portion of the energy storage scheduling and monitoring system (EMS) integrates multiple energy storage controllers and energy storage routers to construct a large-scale energy storage system.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a fire protection system, which includes a smoke sensor, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing device, and a battery liquid cooling module; Smoke sensors are used to detect the smoke content in the air in real time and upload the detection signal to the Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) to detect fire hazards in a timely manner. Based on the spraying instructions issued by the Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS), the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing equipment precisely controls its on / off status and quickly initiates the fire extinguishing procedure when a fire occurs. The battery liquid cooling module removes heat generated by the battery through liquid convection heat exchange, thereby reducing the battery temperature.

[0015] The present invention proposes a power supply control method integrating power reserve and power supply, comprising the following steps: The Battery Management System (BMS) manages the battery modules in a balanced manner and monitors the battery status in real time, generating battery management information. The load tracking module uploads battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) sends control commands to the UPS system and the Battery Management System (BMS) based on battery management information and grid load status. The UPS system responds to control commands, controlling the battery modules to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / severe power consumption periods; when the mains power fails, the UPS system switches to battery module power supply mode.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes a power supply control system integrating battery and energy storage. Addressing the issues of independent operation of UPS and energy storage systems and the limited functionality of UPS, this system integrates the UPS system with battery modules, a Battery Management System (BMS), an Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS), and a load tracking module. This creates an integrated architecture for both battery and energy storage. By establishing bidirectional data connections between the EMS, UPS, and BMS, the UPS system transcends its limitation as a mere backup power source, enabling peak shaving and valley filling under EMS dispatch, thus expanding its functionality. To address low battery utilization, a load tracking module uploads battery management information monitored by the BMS to the EMS. The EMS, combined with grid load status, sends commands to the UPS to control the battery modules to charge during off-peak / flat periods and discharge during peak / sharp periods. This replaces the traditional UPS battery's long-term float charging and only periodic discharging mode, significantly increasing battery charging and discharging frequency and utilization. The BMS is introduced for balanced management and real-time status monitoring of the battery modules, promptly detecting issues such as individual battery imbalance and performance degradation. Balanced control extends the overall battery life, while real-time monitoring prevents damage caused by overcharging and over-discharging, reducing the need for replacement and maintenance. In addition, the UPS system retains the core function of switching to battery power when the mains power fails, ensuring power supply reliability under the integrated architecture and enabling the simultaneous resolution of multiple issues. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the integrated power supply control system for the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the power supply control method integrating storage and control according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: This invention proposes a power supply control system that integrates power reserve and power supply, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a UPS system, battery modules, a battery management system (BMS), an energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS), and a load tracking module. The connection relationships are as follows: The battery management system (BMS) is connected to the battery module to perform equalization management, monitor battery status in real time, and output battery management information. The load tracking module is connected to the battery management system (BMS) and the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) respectively, and is used to upload battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) establishes bidirectional connections with the Battery Management System (BMS) and the UPS system respectively, in order to receive battery management information and send control commands to the BMS and UPS systems. The UPS system is connected to the mains power, battery modules, and load power respectively. When the mains power is normal, it responds to the EMS command of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system, controls the battery modules to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / peak power consumption periods to achieve peak shaving and valley filling. When the mains power fails, it switches to the battery module power supply mode to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load.

[0022] The system modules are described in detail below: UPS system: responsible for controlling the overall operating status of the power supply system and coordinating the work between various components.

[0023] Battery module: Provides power to the battery side of the UPS system.

[0024] Battery Management System (BMS): Performs equalization management on the batteries in the battery module, monitors the battery status in real time, and uploads accurate and effective battery management information to the Energy Storage Monitoring System (EMS).

[0025] A UPS system integrates a rectifier, charger, and inverter. The rectifier, charger, and inverter of the UPS system enable bidirectional power transmission between the battery module and the power grid, precisely control the charging and discharging process of the battery module, complete the AC-DC conversion, and execute the charging and discharging control commands of the UPS system.

[0026] Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS): Based on an edge computing IoT architecture, it establishes data connections with the Battery Management System (BMS) and UPS system to achieve effective control of the BMS and ensure stable system operation.

[0027] The load tracking module is responsible for uploading battery management information from the battery management system (BMS) to the energy storage monitoring system (EMS). It controls the UPS system to discharge the battery, enabling the power station and the power grid to operate synchronously and ensuring the stability and reliability of the power supply.

[0028] The Battery Management System (BMS) consists of the following layers: The underlying Battery Management Unit (BMU) monitors individual battery cells in real time, including voltage and temperature, and accurately calculates their State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) data. Equipped with a communication interface, it enables on-site alarms and real-time data and alarm information uploads, achieving comprehensive monitoring of the battery pack.

[0029] Mid-level battery cluster management unit: Responsible for controlling and managing relevant information of the battery module, collecting data such as the total voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module, and controlling the switching on and off of the battery module. Simultaneously, it collects information from individual battery cells, promptly alarms and provides protection for any abnormal conditions occurring in the battery module, ensuring the safe operation of the battery module.

[0030] The top-level energy storage power station main control system (BAMS) is used to display real-time data, issue alarms, and provide query functions. It can connect to one or more mid-level battery cluster management units (BCMUs) and connect to the energy storage converter (PCS) via RS485 or network to achieve centralized management and monitoring of the entire energy storage power station battery system.

[0031] The mid-level battery cluster management unit (BCMU) is also equipped with wet contact output port, dry contact output port, switch input detection port, CAN and RS485 communication interfaces, which can receive and upload data and alarm information in real time, realize remote monitoring of battery modules, and facilitate maintenance personnel to keep abreast of the operating status of battery modules.

[0032] The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) consists of hardware and software components: Hardware components: These include energy storage controllers and energy storage routers, enabling the integration of multiple energy storage controllers and routers to construct a large-scale energy storage system. They receive scheduling commands from the energy storage routers, achieving precise control over each energy storage device.

[0033] Software component: Based on an IoT architecture, decision models are downloaded to the cloud system. Real-time data is collected from the Battery Management System (BMS), Energy Storage Converter (PCS), AC / DC bus, etc., and uploaded to the cloud system. Intelligent algorithms enable intelligent operation and optimized management of the energy storage system.

[0034] The electrical control system also includes a fire protection system, which mainly consists of the following parts: Smoke sensor: Used to detect the smoke content in the air in real time and upload the detection signal to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) in a timely manner so as to detect fire hazards in time.

[0035] Heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing equipment: Based on the spraying instructions issued by the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS), the on / off status of the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing equipment is precisely controlled, and the fire extinguishing procedure is quickly initiated when a fire occurs to ensure system safety.

[0036] Battery liquid cooling technology: This technology uses liquid cooling to remove heat generated by the battery through liquid convection heat transfer, thereby reducing the battery temperature. This method has a high heat transfer coefficient and heat capacity, and a fast cooling rate, significantly reducing the maximum temperature and improving the temperature field uniformity of the battery pack.

[0037] This invention proposes a power supply control method that integrates power reserve and power supply, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: The Battery Management System (BMS) performs equalization management on the battery modules and monitors the battery status in real time, generating battery management information. Step 2: The load tracking module uploads battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). Step 3: The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) sends control commands to the UPS system and the Battery Management System (BMS) based on battery management information and grid load status. Step 4: The UPS system responds to control commands, controlling the battery module to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / sharp power consumption periods; when the mains power fails, the UPS system switches to battery module power supply mode.

[0038] The integrated power supply system control method provided by this invention organically combines a UPS system with an energy storage system, using lithium iron phosphate batteries instead of traditional lead-acid batteries to significantly improve energy storage efficiency. Simultaneously, by utilizing the peak-valley price difference in the power system for arbitrage, the operating cost of the UPS system is effectively reduced, and the overall utilization rate of the UPS system is improved.

[0039] The system mainly includes a UPS system, a battery management system (BMS), an energy storage monitoring system (EMS), and battery modules. When the mains power is running normally, the UPS system's rectifier and inverter supply power to the load in an online manner. When the mains power fails, the battery modules discharge through the inverter, continuously supplying power to the load via DC / AC conversion, ensuring the load's power needs are met.

[0040] On the other hand, the energy storage power supply system also includes an energy storage controller (EMS), a rectifier (AC / DC), a battery charger (DC / DC), and an inverter (DC / AC). During off-peak or flat electricity consumption periods, the system activates the energy storage mode of the battery modules; during peak or high electricity consumption periods, the energy storage monitoring system (EMS) initiates the battery discharge mode, releasing the battery module's charge to the backup power level designed for the UPS system, ensuring that the UPS system can fully function as a backup power source in the event of mains power anomalies. Therefore, the capacity of this battery module must be greater than the backup battery capacity of a conventionally designed UPS system.

[0041] The system uses lithium iron phosphate batteries as the energy storage medium and places the battery cabinet outdoors. This layout effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway in the battery cabinet and improves the safety of system operation.

[0042] By introducing a bidirectional converter, bidirectional energy flow between the grid and the battery is achieved. Utilizing the charging and discharging capabilities of the energy storage battery cabinet, the system's utilization rate is further improved by using its remaining capacity as a backup power source while meeting the load's power requirements. Due to the large capacity of the energy storage battery cabinet, the system's backup power duration is significantly increased, providing a more sustained power guarantee for the load. Placing the energy storage battery cabinet outdoors reduces the space occupied indoors, lowers indoor fire risks, and optimizes the overall system layout. The lithium iron phosphate batteries used in this system have advantages such as high cycle life, high charging and discharging efficiency, and high energy density, effectively improving the system's energy storage performance and lifespan.

[0043] Therefore, the bidirectional PCS converter of this system is electrically connected between the DC bus of the UPS system and the energy storage battery cabinet to achieve bidirectional power transmission. The UPS system, bidirectional PCS converter, DC bus monitoring unit, and energy storage battery cabinet all establish communication connections with the EMS system to achieve intelligent management and control of the system. The input end of the UPS system is connected to the mains power, and the output end is connected to the load to provide stable power to the load. The DC bus monitoring unit is connected to the DC bus of the UPS system to monitor the DC bus status in real time. When the mains power is normal, the rectifier and inverter of the UPS system supply power to the load in online mode; when the mains power is abnormal, the battery module discharges through the inverter to continuously supply power to the load in DC / AC mode. During off-peak or flat-peak electricity consumption periods, the system activates the battery module energy storage mode; during peak or high-peak electricity consumption periods, the energy storage monitoring system (EMS) activates the battery discharge mode to fully utilize the peak-valley electricity price difference and improve the system's economy and reliability.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply control system integrating power reserve and power supply, characterized in that, This includes UPS systems, battery modules, battery management systems (BMS), energy storage dispatch and monitoring systems (EMS), and load tracking modules. The battery management system (BMS) is connected to the battery module to perform equalization management, monitor battery status in real time, and output battery management information. The load tracking module is connected to the battery management system (BMS) and the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) respectively, and is used to upload battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) establishes bidirectional connections with the Battery Management System (BMS) and the UPS system respectively, in order to receive battery management information and send control commands to the BMS and UPS systems. The UPS system is connected to the mains power, battery modules, and load power respectively. When the mains power is normal, it responds to the EMS command of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system, controls the battery modules to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / peak power consumption periods to achieve peak shaving and valley filling. When the mains power fails, it switches to the battery module power supply mode to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load.

2. The power supply control system integrating power reserve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The UPS system integrates a rectifier, a charger, and an inverter. The rectifier, charger, and inverter are electrically connected to the battery module and the power grid, respectively, to realize bidirectional power transmission and AC / DC conversion between the battery module and the power grid, and to execute the charging and discharging control commands of the UPS system.

3. The integrated power supply control system for power reserve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery management system (BMS) has a hierarchical structure, including a bottom-level battery management unit (BMU), a middle-level battery cluster management unit (BMU), and a top-level energy storage power station main control system (BAMS). The underlying battery management unit (BMU) is used to monitor the voltage and temperature parameters of individual cells in real time, calculate the SOC and SOH data of individual cells, and upload data and alarm information. The middle-layer battery cluster management unit is used to collect the total voltage, current and temperature data of the battery module, control the switching on and off of the battery module, receive data from the bottom-layer battery management unit (BMU) and perform abnormal alarms and protection. The top-level energy storage power station main control system BAMS is used to display real-time data, issue alarm reminders and provide query functions. It connects to at least one group of mid-level battery cluster management units and communicates with the energy storage converter PCS to achieve centralized management.

4. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mid-level battery cluster management unit (BCMU) is equipped with wet contact output port, dry contact output port, switch input detection port, CAN and RS485 communication interfaces, and can receive and upload data and alarm information in real time to realize remote monitoring of the battery module.

5. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The underlying battery management unit (BMU) is equipped with a communication interface to enable on-site alarms.

6. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top-level energy storage power station main control system BAMS is connected to the energy storage converter PCS via RS485 or network.

7. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardware component of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS) includes an energy storage controller and an energy storage router. It receives dispatch instructions from the energy storage router and achieves precise control over each energy storage device. The EMS software component of the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system is based on an IoT architecture. It downloads decision models to the cloud system, collects data from the battery management system (BMS), energy storage converter (PCS), and AC / DC bus in real time, and uploads it to the cloud system. Through intelligent algorithms, it realizes intelligent operation and optimized management of the energy storage system.

8. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hardware component of the Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) integrates multiple energy storage controllers and energy storage routers to construct a large-scale energy storage system.

9. The power supply control system integrating power reserve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fire protection system, which includes smoke sensors, heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing equipment, and a battery liquid cooling module; Smoke sensors are used to detect the smoke content in the air in real time and upload the detection signal to the Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) to detect fire hazards in a timely manner. Based on the spraying instructions issued by the Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS), the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing equipment precisely controls its on / off status and quickly initiates the fire extinguishing procedure when a fire occurs. The battery liquid cooling module removes heat generated by the battery through liquid convection heat exchange, thereby reducing the battery temperature.

10. A power supply control method integrating power reserve and power supply, characterized in that, The integrated power supply control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: The Battery Management System (BMS) manages the battery modules in a balanced manner and monitors the battery status in real time, generating battery management information. The load tracking module uploads battery management information to the energy storage dispatch and monitoring system (EMS). The Energy Storage Dispatch and Monitoring System (EMS) sends control commands to the UPS system and the Battery Management System (BMS) based on battery management information and grid load status. The UPS system responds to control commands, controlling the battery modules to charge during off-peak / normal power consumption periods and discharge during peak / severe power consumption periods; when the mains power fails, the UPS system switches to battery module power supply mode.

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