Standing wave abnormal point detection method, device, and program product

Abstract

This application provides a method, apparatus, and program for detecting standing wave anomalies, relating to the field of satellite technology. This method, by measuring the total transmission delay between the transmitted and reflected signals and combining it with a pre-calibrated inherent system delay, can accurately locate the position of standing wave anomalies. This solution introduces a standing wave anomaly location capability based on delay measurement into satellite communication terminals, effectively distinguishing the location of anomalies, shortening troubleshooting time, and reducing maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of satellite technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and program product for detecting standing wave anomalies. Background Technology

[0002] In existing satellite communication terminals, monitoring the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the transmission link is typically required to ensure the safe operation of the power amplifier. Common SWR monitoring methods involve using detectors or analog-to-digital converters to detect the power of the reflected signal. However, these existing technologies only provide amplitude information of the reflected signal, meaning they can only determine if the SWR is abnormal, but cannot pinpoint the exact location of the abnormal SWR point on the transmission path. When faced with SWR alarms, maintenance personnel often need to use external instruments to check each connection point one by one, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, and program product for detecting abnormal standing wave points, so as to improve the problem that existing methods cannot determine the specific location of abnormal standing wave points on the transmission path, thereby leading to low maintenance efficiency for maintenance personnel.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for detecting standing wave anomalies, the method comprising: Receive the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal; The total signal transmission delay is determined based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the radio frequency transmission link; The location of the abnormal standing wave point is determined based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

[0005] In the above implementation process, by measuring the total transmission delay between the transmitted and reflected signals and combining it with the pre-calibrated inherent system delay, accurate location of standing wave anomalies can be achieved. This solution introduces a standing wave anomaly location capability based on delay measurement into the satellite communication terminal, which can effectively distinguish the location of the anomaly, shorten the troubleshooting time, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0006] Optionally, determining the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the total signal transmission delay and a preset transmission delay includes: Obtain the delay difference between the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay; Based on the time delay difference and the propagation speed of the transmitted signal, the abnormal distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point is determined.

[0007] In the above implementation process, by first calculating the time delay difference and then converting it to distance, the data analyzer can clearly separate the internal fixed delay from the external transmission delay, thereby accurately locating the position of abnormal standing wave points.

[0008] Optionally, the reference point is a signal coupler, and after determining the distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point, the method further includes: Obtain the target distance between the terminal output port and the reference point, as well as the length of the external cable connected to the terminal output port; Based on the comparison results between the abnormal distance, the target distance, and the length of the external cable, the abnormal location classification of the abnormal standing wave point is determined. The abnormal location classification includes the interior of the terminal, the external cable, or the interior of the antenna end.

[0009] In the above implementation process, this distance comparison and classification method transforms the abstract time delay measurement results into intuitive fault location classifications, effectively improving engineering maintenance efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the preset transmission delay is the reflection delay measured when the terminal output port is in a state of total reflection.

[0011] Optionally, after receiving the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link, the method further includes: Based on the intensity of the reflected signal and the intensity of the transmitted signal, determine whether the protection triggering condition is met; If the conditions are met, the corresponding protection policy will be executed.

[0012] In the above implementation process, this strength comparison and hierarchical protection strategy maintains the availability of the communication link as much as possible while ensuring the safety of the amplifier.

[0013] Optionally, the protection triggering condition includes: the difference between the transmission power of the transmitted signal and the reflection power of the reflected signal is less than a set threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the protection strategy includes reducing the transmit power and / or shutting down amplifiers in the radio frequency transmit link, and the execution of the corresponding protection strategy includes: The amplifier in the radio frequency transmission link is turned off, and the amplifier is turned back on at set intervals to detect the difference. If the difference still meets the protection trigger condition after a set number of times, then the transmission power is reduced.

[0015] In the above implementation process, this tiered strategy effectively avoids unnecessary downtime caused by brief disturbances, while ensuring the safety of the power amplifier and the minimum availability of communication under continuous failure.

[0016] Optionally, after receiving the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link, the method further includes: The reflected signal was subjected to spectral analysis to obtain the analysis results; Based on the analysis results, the abnormal operating state of the amplifier in the radio frequency transmission link is identified; The corresponding protection strategy is executed according to the abnormal operating state, and the protection strategy includes reducing the transmission power and / or issuing alarm information.

[0017] In the above implementation process, through this spectrum analysis and hierarchical protection, the health status of the amplifier can be actively monitored, and adjustment measures can be taken in the early stage of nonlinear distortion to avoid signal quality deterioration leading to communication interruption, while extending the amplifier's service life.

[0018] Optionally, the analysis results include at least one of the following: the magnitude of the spurious signal, the amplitude of the harmonic components, and the amplitude of the error vector.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a standing wave anomaly detection device, comprising: Radio frequency (RF) transmission link, used to transmit transmitted signals; A signal coupler is disposed in the radio frequency transmission link and is used to couple the transmitted signals of the radio frequency transmission link; A data analysis circuit is coupled to the control terminal of the RF transmission link and the output terminal of the signal coupler, respectively. The data analysis circuit is configured to: receive the reflected signal reflected back from the RF transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal; determine the total signal transmission delay based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the RF transmission link; and determine the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the total signal transmission delay and a preset transmission delay.

[0020] Optionally, the radio frequency transmission link includes: a controller, a radio frequency transceiver chip, a filter, a first amplifier, and a second amplifier. The controller is used to generate a transmission signal and send a transmission start flag signal to the data analysis circuit when transmitting the transmission signal. The data analysis circuit is used to determine the transmission time of the transmission signal based on the transmission start flag signal.

[0021] Optionally, the data analysis circuit includes a data analyzer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a switch. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the reflected signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the data analyzer. The switch is used to selectively send the reflected signal output by the signal coupler into the analog-to-digital converter.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above are performed.

[0023] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0024] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0025] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing embodiments of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standing wave point anomaly detection device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A detailed structural schematic diagram of a standing wave point anomaly detection device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a standing wave point anomaly detection method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this invention can be used interchangeably. "Multiple" refers to two or more; therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0030] It should also be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the application is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the relevant device.

[0031] This application provides a method, apparatus, and program for detecting standing wave anomalies. This method, by measuring the total transmission delay between the transmitted and reflected signals and combining it with a pre-calibrated inherent system delay, can accurately locate the position of standing wave anomalies. This solution introduces a standing wave anomaly location capability based on delay measurement into satellite communication terminals, effectively distinguishing the location of anomalies, shortening troubleshooting time, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a standing wave anomaly detection device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device includes: a radio frequency transmission link 110, a signal coupler 112, and a data analysis circuit 120.

[0033] Radio frequency transmission link 110 is used to transmit transmission signals.

[0034] The signal coupler 112 is disposed in the radio frequency transmission link 110 and is used to couple the transmission signal of the radio frequency transmission link 110.

[0035] The data analysis circuit 120 is coupled to the control terminal of the RF transmission link 110 and the output terminal of the signal coupler 112, respectively. The data analysis circuit 120 is configured to: receive the reflected signal reflected back from the RF transmission link 110 and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal; determine the total signal transmission delay based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the RF transmission link 110; and determine the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

[0036] The signal coupler 112 is installed in the radio frequency transmission link 110. Its main path is connected in series with the radio frequency transmission link 110 to send most of the transmitted signal power to the antenna or load, and at the same time couple the reflected signal reflected back from the main path to the data analysis circuit 120.

[0037] During analysis, the data analysis circuit 120 first obtains the precise transmission time t_rx of the transmitted signal from the control terminal of the RF transmission link 110. When encountering a standing wave anomaly (such as a cable break), due to impedance abrupt change, a portion of the signal energy is reflected back. The reflected signal propagates in the reverse direction along the original transmission path, and upon passing through the signal coupler 112, the signal coupler 112 outputs the reflected signal from its coupling port. This signal is sent to the receiving channel of the data analysis circuit 120 (e.g., sampled by the analog-to-digital converter 124 and then entering the data analyzer 122). The data analysis circuit 120 determines its arrival time t_rx by detecting the characteristics of the reflected signal (such as the pulse leading edge or correlation peak). The difference between the transmission time and the reception time is the total signal transmission delay T_total = t_rx - t_tx.

[0038] The data analysis circuit 120 internally stores a preset transmission delay T_fixed. T_fixed represents the time required for the transmitted signal to travel one round trip along the internal path of the device (from the transmitter to the terminal output port), i.e., the time it takes for the transmitted signal to be detected directly after reflection from the terminal output port without external cables and antennas. T_fixed can be obtained through factory calibration, for example: by connecting a total reflection load (such as an open or short-circuit connector) to the terminal output port, performing the same transmission and detection process, and measuring the total delay, which is T_fixed.

[0039] After obtaining T_total and T_fixed, the data analysis circuit 120 calculates the round-trip time ΔT = T_total - T_fixed of the external transmission path (i.e., the segment from signal coupler 112 (with signal coupler 112 as the reference point, or the terminal output port as the reference point) to the abnormal standing wave point). Since the signal travels one round trip on the external transmission path, the one-way distance D from the abnormal standing wave point to signal coupler 112 is: D = (ΔT × v) / 2, where v is the propagation speed of the radio frequency signal in the transmission medium (such as coaxial cable or microstrip line) (typically approximately 2 × 10⁻⁶). 8 m / s to 3×10 8 The speed (m / s) depends on the relative permittivity of the medium. The location of the anomalous standing wave point can be determined by the distance D.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency transmission link 110 described above may include: a controller 113, a radio frequency transceiver chip 114, a filter 115, a first amplifier 116 and a second amplifier 117. The controller 113 is used to generate a transmission signal and send a transmission start flag signal to the data analysis circuit 120 when transmitting the transmission signal. The data analysis circuit 120 is used to determine the transmission time of the transmission signal based on the transmission start flag signal.

[0041] The controller 113, which can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or a microcontroller, is responsible for generating the baseband digital signal to be transmitted and controlling the timing of the entire transmission link. The RF transceiver chip 114 integrates a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the digital baseband signal from the controller 113 into analog intermediate frequency (IF) or radio frequency (RF) signals. The filter 115 filters out image frequencies and harmonic components generated during DAC conversion, ensuring the spectral purity of the transmitted signal. The first amplifier 116 is a driver amplifier that amplifies the filtered signal to a level sufficient to drive the subsequent power transistors. The second amplifier 117 is the main power amplifier, which boosts the signal power to the target value required for final transmission. The above devices are cascaded in sequence, such as: controller 113 -> RF transceiver chip 114 -> filter 115 -> first amplifier 116 -> second amplifier 117. The output of the second amplifier 117 is connected to the main path input of the signal coupler 112 (e.g., a directional coupler), and the signal coupler 112 is connected to the terminal output port.

[0042] The controller 113 (such as an FPGA) internally runs baseband processing logic to generate the digital baseband signal to be transmitted. At the beginning of each transmit burst, the controller 113 performs two parallel operations: first, it sends the digital baseband data stream to the DAC input of the RF transceiver chip 114, where the DAC converts it into an analog intermediate frequency signal; second, it simultaneously outputs a transmit start flag signal (e.g., a 10ns wide TTL high-level pulse or a specifically coded signal) to the data analysis circuit 120. The data analysis circuit 120 has a built-in high-precision timer (or uses a counter inside the FPGA), which immediately captures the current count value upon detecting the rising edge of the transmit start flag signal, denoted as the transmit time T_tx.

[0043] Subsequently, the analog signal passes sequentially through filter 115 (to filter out the sampled image from the DAC output), first amplifier 116 (drive amplifier), and second amplifier 117 (power amplifier). The amplified RF signal is transmitted outward through the main path of signal coupler 112. When there is an abnormal standing wave point on the transmission path (e.g., a loose cable connector or antenna mismatch), a portion of the signal energy is reflected back. The reflected signal propagates in the reverse direction along the original transmission path, passes through signal coupler 112, and is coupled to its output terminal, then sent to the receiving channel of data analysis circuit 120. Data analysis circuit 120 determines the arrival time of the reflected signal, i.e., the reception time of the reflected signal, by detecting specific characteristics of the reflected signal.

[0044] Through this precise time delay measurement, this implementation can achieve high-precision location of standing wave anomalies using the synchronization signal of the controller 113 of the transmission link itself without adding additional sensors.

[0045] The aforementioned data analysis circuit 120 includes a data analyzer 122, an analog-to-digital converter 124, and a switch 126. The analog-to-digital converter 124 is used to convert the reflected signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the data analyzer 122. The switch 126 is used to selectively send the reflected signal output by the signal coupler 112 into the analog-to-digital converter 124.

[0046] The switch 126 can be a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) or single-pole single-throw (SPST) RF switch. Its input is connected to the coupling output of the signal coupler 112, and it selectively sends the reflected signal to the subsequent analog-to-digital converter 124 according to the operating mode (transmit detection mode or receive detection mode). The analog-to-digital converter 124 is used to convert the analog reflected signal into a digital signal for digital signal processing. The data analyzer 122 can be a digital logic module in an FPGA, DSP (Digital Signal Processor), CPU, or microprocessor. It is responsible for receiving the digital signal output by the ADC, performing algorithms such as time delay estimation, intensity calculation, and spectrum analysis, and finally outputting the anomaly location and alarm information. The above three parts are connected in series, such as: switch 126 -> ADC -> data analyzer 122. The control terminal of switch 126 can be connected to the data analyzer 122 or the controller 113 in the RF transmit link 110 to realize channel selection.

[0047] When standing wave anomaly detection is required, data analyzer 122 (or controller 113 in RF transmit link 110) first sends a control signal to switch 126, causing switch 126 to switch to the "detection path" state, i.e., connecting the coupling output of signal coupler 112 to the input of analog-to-digital converter 124. Simultaneously, controller 113 (such as an FPGA) begins generating and transmitting a digital baseband signal. At the start of transmission, controller 113 sends a transmission start flag signal to data analyzer 122, which then captures the transmission time T_tx.

[0048] The transmitted signal is transmitted outward through the main path of RF transmission link 110 and signal coupler 112. When encountering a standing wave anomaly, a portion of the signal energy is reflected back. The reflected signal returns along the original path and is output through the coupling terminal of signal coupler 112. At this time, since switch 126 is turned on, the reflected signal smoothly enters the analog input terminal of the ADC. The ADC digitizes the reflected signal at a fixed sampling rate (e.g., 1 GSPS, i.e., 1 billion sampling points per second), continuously generating a digital sampling stream which is sent to data analyzer 122.

[0049] In some implementations, the data analyzer 122 may maintain a circular buffer internally to temporarily store the ADC's sampled data. Upon receiving a transmit start flag signal, the data analyzer 122 initiates a time window within which it continuously searches for characteristics of the reflected signal. For example, if the transmitted signal is a narrow pulse, the data analyzer 122 searches for pulse leading edges exceeding a preset threshold in the sample stream; if the transmitted signal is a pseudo-random sequence, it uses matched filtering or sliding correlation methods to calculate the correlation peak. Once a reflected signal is detected, the time T_rx corresponding to that sampling point is recorded. The difference between the transmit time and the receive time is the total signal transmission delay T_total = T_rx - T_tx (note that T_tx and T_rx are both based on the same time base, such as a high-speed counter inside the data analyzer 122).

[0050] After the self-test is completed, the data analyzer 122 or the controller 113 can control the switch 126 to switch back to the normal operating mode (e.g., disconnect the detection path) to avoid the detection circuit affecting normal communication.

[0051] Understandably, the detailed implementation of the data analyzer 122 in performing correlation analysis on the reflected signal to determine the abnormal standing wave point can be found in the relevant implementation process in the subsequent method embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A flowchart of a standing wave anomaly detection method provided in this application embodiment is shown. The method is executed by the data analyzer in the standing wave anomaly detection device and includes the following steps: Step S210: Receive the reflected signal reflected back from the RF transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal.

[0053] In the standing wave anomaly detection mode, the data analyzer first ensures that the switch in the standing wave anomaly detection device has been switched to the detection path (as described in the above embodiment), so that the reflected signal output by the signal coupler can enter the ADC and be digitized. When the controller transmits a digital baseband signal, after transmission through the RF transmission link, if the transmitted signal is reflected by the standing wave anomaly point, the reflected signal is returned along the transmission path, coupled by the signal coupler, and then enters the data analyzer of the data analysis circuit.

[0054] The data analyzer processes the reflected signal in the digital domain, detecting its occurrence time using specific algorithms. For example, if the transmitted signal is a narrow pulse, the data analyzer employs a threshold detection method: it compares sampled values ​​with a preset threshold, and when multiple consecutive sampled values ​​exceed the threshold and satisfy the steep leading edge condition, the time corresponding to the first sampled point exceeding the threshold is marked as the reception time T_rx. If the transmitted signal is a pseudo-random sequence, a sliding correlation method is used: it performs correlation operations between the received sample stream and a locally stored copy of the transmitted sequence, and when the correlation peak exceeds a threshold, the time of the peak occurrence is marked as T_rx. To obtain higher sampling accuracy, the data analyzer can also combine interpolation or peak fitting algorithms for fine estimation of the reception time. The timing reference for T_rx is the same as that for the transmission time T_tx (e.g., both are based on a free-running counter driven by the system clock within the data analyzer).

[0055] In some other implementations, the data analyzer may internally maintain a counter driven by the system clock (e.g., 100MHz or higher), which continuously increments from the moment the device is powered on. When the data analyzer detects a reflected signal, it captures the current value of the counter, denoted as the reception time T_rx.

[0056] Step S220: Determine the total signal transmission delay based on the transmission time of the transmitted signal and the reception time of the reflected signal in the RF transmission link.

[0057] When the controller issues a transmit start flag signal, the data analyzer immediately captures the value of the current counter it maintains, denoted as the transmit time T_tx. This flag signal is aligned with the actual time the transmit signal leaves the controller (considering the controller's internal processing pipeline, a delay is typically fixed and compensated for in the design).

[0058] The total signal transmission delay T_total is obtained through subtraction: T_total = T_rx - T_tx. It should be noted that T_total includes the one-way transmission time of the transmitted signal from the controller to the abnormal standing wave point, the one-way transmission time of the reflected signal from the abnormal standing wave point back to the data analysis circuit (ADC input), and the total round-trip delay of the signal along the fixed path within the device (such as filtering, amplification, and the main coupler path in the transmission link, and the coupler coupling point, switch, and ADC in the receiving path). Since both T_tx and T_rx are based on the same counter, and the counter resolution is sufficiently high (e.g., a clock period of 10 ns or less), the measurement accuracy of T_total is also high.

[0059] Step S230: Determine the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

[0060] A preset transmission delay, denoted as T_fixed, can be pre-stored in the internal memory of the data analyzer. T_fixed represents the time required for the signal to travel one round trip along its inherent path within the device, excluding contributions from any external cables or antennas. In some implementations, the preset transmission delay can be empirically estimated or obtained through a calibration process, i.e., the reflection delay measured with the terminal output port in a state of total reflection.

[0061] Total internal reflection (TID) refers to a sudden impedance change at the terminal output port, causing almost all incident signals on the transmission line to be reflected back, with virtually no energy transmitted outward. This can be achieved by: opening the terminal output port (e.g., the RF connector connected to the main output of a signal coupler) (without any load), short-circuiting it (connecting a DC short circuitr), or connecting a TID load with extremely low reflection coefficient (e.g., an open coaxial cable). In this state, the transmitted signal is immediately reflected back upon reaching the output port, with no additional transmission delay from external cables or antennas. Therefore, the measured total delay is the time required for the signal to travel one round trip along its inherent path within the device.

[0062] In practice, technicians place the satellite terminal device to be calibrated at the test station, ensuring that the RF transmit link, signal coupler, switch, analog-to-digital converter, and data analyzer are all functioning correctly. Then, a total reflection load, such as a standard open-circuit calibrator, is connected to the terminal's output port, or simply the output interface is left floating (for unsealed interfaces, floating is equivalent to an open circuit). Next, a command to enter calibration mode is sent to the data analyzer via a host computer or the device's own controller. Upon receiving the command, the data analyzer switches the control switch to the detection path and instructs the controller (such as an FPGA) to transmit a specific test signal, such as a very narrow pulse (e.g., 1 ns) or a spread spectrum sequence with sharp autocorrelation characteristics. At the start of transmission, the controller synchronously sends a transmission start flag signal to the data analyzer, which captures the transmission time T_tx (e.g., the value of an internal high-speed counter). The transmitted signal travels through the RF transmit link and the main path of the signal coupler to reach the terminal's output port. Because the output port is in a state of total reflection, the signal is almost entirely reflected back. The reflected signal returns along the original path, passes through the coupling end of the signal coupler and the switch, and enters the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC converts the analog reflected signal into a digital sample stream, which is then sent to the data analyzer. The data analyzer detects the characteristics of the reflected signal (such as the pulse leading edge or correlation peak) in the sample stream and records the arrival time T_rx of the reflected signal. The total delay obtained in this measurement is T_measured = T_rx - T_tx, and this total delay can be used as the preset transmission delay T_fixed. Since the external transmission path length is zero (the reflection point is the output port itself), this total delay is entirely composed of the inherent delays of the internal links of the device, including: the delay from the controller to the DAC, the DAC conversion delay, the filter delay, the first amplifier delay, the second amplifier delay, the coupler main path delay, the reverse path delay of the reflected signal from the output port back to the coupling end of the coupler, the switching delay, the ADC sampling delay, and the logic delay of data transmission to the data analyzer.

[0063] To eliminate the influence of random noise, measurements can be repeated multiple times and the average value taken. Finally, the data analyzer stores this average value as a preset transmission delay T_fixed, which serves as the benchmark for calculating the external round-trip time during subsequent normal operation. After calibration, the data analyzer exits calibration mode and can disconnect the total reflection load, restoring the normal connection between the terminal output port and the external cable or antenna.

[0064] The preset transmission delay obtained by actual measurement under total internal reflection can effectively improve the accuracy of anomaly positioning and make the device adaptable to individual differences in hardware.

[0065] In some implementations, the preset transmission delay is measured at room temperature. However, in actual operation, temperature changes can cause deviations in the propagation delay of devices such as cables. Therefore, to obtain a more accurate preset transmission delay, a temperature sensor can be added to the device to detect the device temperature, and a compensation model for the preset transmission delay as a function of temperature can be established to eliminate the influence of temperature on the accuracy of the delay.

[0066] Among them, temperature sensors (such as thermistors or temperature diodes) are used to detect the temperature inside the device or near the coupler in real time, and their output is sent to the data analyzer after analog-to-digital conversion.

[0067] The compensation model refers to the functional relationship between the preset transmission delay T_fixed and the temperature T. It is usually obtained through experimental calibration and can be a linear model T_fixed(T)=T_fixed(T0)+k·(T-T0) or piecewise linear interpolation / polynomial fitting, where T0 is the reference temperature (e.g., 25℃) and k is the temperature coefficient (unit ps / ℃), which is obtained by measurement at different temperatures before leaving the factory.

[0068] In the specific implementation process, during the factory calibration of the device, the entire device is placed in a temperature chamber, and multiple temperature points are set (e.g., -40℃, -20℃, 0℃, 25℃, 50℃, 70℃). After each temperature point stabilizes, the corresponding preset transmission delay T_fixed(T_i) is obtained according to the measurement method under the aforementioned total internal reflection state. The data analyzer stores these discrete data points in its internal non-volatile memory and can optionally fit a compensation curve (e.g., linear regression or cubic spline interpolation). In actual operation, the data analyzer can periodically (e.g., every 10 seconds) read the current temperature value T_curr from the temperature sensor, and then calculate the preset transmission delay T_fixed_comp=f(T_curr) at the current temperature according to the compensation model. Then, in the subsequent calculation of the abnormal point location, T_fixed_comp is used instead of the fixed T_fixed at room temperature, i.e., ΔT=T_total-T_fixed_comp, and then the distance D is calculated. In this way, even if changes in ambient temperature cause internal link delay drift, the data analyzer can dynamically adjust the baseline value, improving the accuracy of anomaly location.

[0069] After obtaining the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay through the above method, the data analyzer can determine the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the difference between these two delays.

[0070] In some implementations, the data analyzer can use a lookup table to determine the location of anomalous standing wave points. For example, for certain applications (such as fixed cable types and limited lengths), reflection points at different locations can be simulated in the laboratory beforehand (e.g., artificial faults are created on the cable), the corresponding total signal transmission delay can be measured, and a "total delay-location" mapping table can be established and stored in the data analyzer. In actual operation, after measuring the total signal transmission delay, the data analyzer directly looks up the table to obtain the closest anomalous point location, or estimates the precise location through linear interpolation. In this case, the preset transmission delay is implicit in the baseline calibration of the mapping table (i.e., the delay measured under total reflection corresponds to position 0). This method has low computational complexity and is simple to implement, making it suitable for applications where high accuracy is not required but fast response is needed.

[0071] In the above implementation process, by measuring the total transmission delay between the transmitted and reflected signals and combining it with the pre-calibrated inherent system delay, accurate location of standing wave anomalies can be achieved. This solution introduces a standing wave anomaly location capability based on delay measurement into the satellite communication terminal, which can effectively distinguish the location of the anomaly, shorten the troubleshooting time, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0072] In some other implementations, the data analyzer may first obtain the delay difference between the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay, and then determine the abnormal distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point based on the delay difference and the propagation speed of the transmitted signal.

[0073] The delay difference is the difference between the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay, i.e., ΔT = T_total - T_fixed. This difference corresponds to the pure transmission time of the signal on the external transmission path (round trip from the output port to the abnormal reflection point).

[0074] The reference point here can refer to the location of the signal coupler or the terminal output port, which serves as the reference point for distance calculation. The location of the abnormal standing wave point refers to the distance from the abnormal location to the reference point. The following explanation will take the signal coupler as the reference end.

[0075] As described in the above embodiments, when performing anomaly detection, the data analyzer first obtains the transmission time T_tx and reception time T_rx by detecting the transmission start flag signal and reflected signal, respectively, and calculates the total signal transmission delay T_total. Subsequently, the data analyzer reads the pre-stored preset transmission delay T_fixed (e.g., 25ns) from its internal memory and calculates the delay difference ΔT = T_total - T_fixed. This delay difference ΔT represents the time it takes for the radio frequency signal to propagate from the signal coupler to the abnormal standing wave point and back to the signal coupler.

[0076] Since the round-trip path length of the signal is equal, the one-way distance D of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point (signal coupler) is: D = (ΔT × v) / 2, which is the abnormal distance, where v is the propagation speed of the transmitted signal in the external transmission medium (such as an RF cable). The value of v depends on the relative permittivity of the medium and can be configured in advance according to the actual cable type.

[0077] In the above implementation process, by first calculating the time delay difference and then converting it to distance, the data analyzer can clearly separate the internal fixed delay from the external transmission delay, thereby accurately locating the position of abnormal standing wave points.

[0078] After obtaining the abnormal distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point, we can only roughly know the location of the abnormal standing wave point. In order to further locate the actual location of the abnormal standing wave point and facilitate maintenance personnel to quickly locate it, the reference point is the signal coupler. We can also obtain the target distance between the terminal output port and the reference point and the length of the external cable connected to the terminal output port. Then, based on the comparison results between the abnormal distance and the target distance and the length of the external cable, we can determine the abnormal location classification of the abnormal standing wave point. The abnormal location classification includes inside the terminal, inside the external cable or antenna end.

[0079] Here, the target distance refers to the fixed distance between the terminal output port (i.e., the interface between the terminal and the external cable) and the reference point (signal coupler), denoted as L1; the external cable length refers to the total length of the RF cable from the terminal output port to the antenna end (or load), denoted as L2. By comparing the calculated abnormal distance D with L1 and L2, the data analyzer can classify abnormal standing wave points into three types: terminal internal abnormality, external cable abnormality, or antenna end internal abnormality, and output corresponding alarm information.

[0080] The data analyzer first calculates the abnormal distance D of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point (coupler) using the aforementioned time delay measurement method. Then, the data analyzer reads pre-calibrated L1 (e.g., the physical distance from the coupler to the terminal output port, in the same unit as D) and L2 (e.g., the nominal length of the external cable) from its internal memory. The data analyzer then executes the following classification logic: (1) If D≤L1 (if the abnormal standing wave point is located between the coupler and the output port, the time delay difference calculated above is negative. Of course, when calculating the distance D, the time delay difference is converted into an absolute value for calculation), if the terminal output port is taken as the origin 0, the distance can be negative, i.e. D≤0. Then it is determined that the abnormal standing wave point is located within the terminal output port (including the link between the reference point and the output port and the innermost link), i.e., it is classified as an internal abnormality of the terminal.

[0081] (2) If L1 < D ≤ L1 + L2, taking the terminal output port as the origin 0, at this time 0 < D ≤ L2, it is determined that the abnormal standing wave point is located on the external cable. At this time, the distance of the abnormal point relative to the terminal output port is D_cable = D - L1, and this value is between 0 and L2, which can be directly reported as the fault location on the cable (for example, "X meters away from the output port").

[0082] (3) If D > L1 + L2, taking the terminal output port as the origin 0, at this time D > L2, it is determined that the abnormal standing wave point is located inside the antenna end (such as antenna impedance mismatch or internal open circuit / short circuit in the antenna), which is classified as an abnormality inside the antenna end.

[0083] Based on the above classification results, the data analyzer can output the abnormal type to the host computer or the local maintenance interface through a communication interface (such as a serial port, a network port or a CAN bus), and can attach specific location information (for example, "abnormal external cable, 3.2 meters away from the output port"). For abnormalities inside the terminal, it can further prompt to check the internal modules; for abnormalities inside the antenna end, it is recommended to check the antenna or the load.

[0084] In the above implementation process, through this distance comparison and classification method, the abstract time delay measurement results are transformed into intuitive fault location classifications, effectively improving the engineering maintenance efficiency.

[0085] On the basis of the above embodiments, in order to protect the intermediate frequency components of the terminal, the data analyzer can also perform signal strength analysis, spectrum analysis, etc. on the reflected signal to identify the abnormal working state of the internal devices, and then implement corresponding protection measures.

[0086] Regarding signal strength analysis, the data analyzer can judge whether the protection trigger condition is met according to the strength of the reflected signal and the strength of the transmitted signal. If it is met, the corresponding protection strategy is executed.

[0087] In this embodiment, the data analyzer uses the strength information of the reflected signal and the strength information of the transmitted signal for comparison to judge whether the current standing wave state triggers the protection condition, and automatically executes the corresponding protection strategy when the condition is met. The strength of the reflected signal refers to the magnitude of the signal power reflected from the transmission path (unit: dBm), which is usually calculated by the data analyzer after ADC sampling, and refers to the power reflected from the terminal output port, mainly obtained by adding the reflected power P detected by the data analyzer, the attenuation power K1 from the terminal output port to the coupler, and the loss power K1 during coupler coupling (these powers can be preset or detected by external instruments). The strength of the transmitted signal refers to the transmitted power of the terminal output port (or the forward path of the coupler), and this value can be known by the controller according to the set transmitted power level, or obtained through forward coupling detection.

[0088] Protection trigger conditions are pre-configured conditions in the data analyzer used to determine whether a protection strategy should be implemented. Protection trigger conditions can include the following: (1) The difference between the transmitted power of the transmitted signal and the reflected power of the reflected signal is less than the set threshold, i.e., P0-P1≤Th, where Th is the preset threshold (Th>0). This condition is equivalent to the reflection power being too large and the return loss being too small, indicating that there is a serious standing wave anomaly on the transmission path, which may damage the power amplifier.

[0089] (2) When the reflected power P1 exceeds a fixed threshold, such as when the reflected power P1 exceeds 20dB, protection is triggered.

[0090] (3) Calculate the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) based on the transmitted power P0 and the reflected power P1. VSWR = (1 + |a|) / (1 - |a|), a = (P1 / P0) 0.5 Protection is triggered when the VSWR is greater than the set value.

[0091] (4) When the ratio of reflected power to transmitted power is greater than the set threshold, protection is triggered.

[0092] (5) When the return loss is less than the set value, the protection is triggered. Return loss = -10log10(P1 / P0).

[0093] The following explanation uses the protection triggering condition of the above implementation method (1) as an example. During anomaly detection, the data analyzer first obtains the power P0 of the current transmitted signal (e.g., the set transmission power reported by the controller, or measured in real time through the forward coupler). Then, the data analyzer extracts the peak or average power of the reflected signal from the digital sequence of the reflected signal obtained by the ADC sampling, and calculates the actual reflected power P1 at the terminal output port after calibration (compensating for coupling loss of the coupler, insertion loss of the switch, gain of the ADC front end, etc.). Next, the data analyzer calculates the difference between the transmitted power and the reflected power ΔP = P0 - P1 (unit dB). This difference reflects the return loss of the transmission link: the larger ΔP is, the smaller the reflection and the better the standing wave; the smaller ΔP is, the larger the reflection and the worse the standing wave. The data analyzer compares ΔP with a preset threshold value (e.g., 6 dB). If ΔP > 6 dB, the standing wave state is considered good and protection is not triggered; if ΔP ≤ 6 dB, the reflected power is considered too large and the protection triggering condition is met.

[0094] Once the protection trigger condition is met, the data analyzer executes the following protection strategies: reducing transmit power and / or shutting down amplifiers in the RF transmit link. Reducing transmit power can be achieved by decreasing the amplitude of the baseband digital signal (e.g., reducing the digital value output from the controller to the RF transceiver chip) or decreasing the output level of the RF transceiver chip, thereby reducing the input drive power of the power amplifier and ultimately reducing the transmit signal power P0. Shutting down the amplifier means using control signals (such as enable pins or bias voltage switches) to disable the power amplifier (especially the final stage power amplifier, i.e., the second amplifier, but this may also include the first amplifier), preventing it from outputting RF power and thus avoiding damage to the amplifier from reflected power. These two strategies can be used individually or in combination: for example, first shutting down the amplifier for protection, then attempting to restore it; if restoration fails, reducing power to maintain basic communication.

[0095] In the above implementation process, through this strength comparison and hierarchical protection strategy, this embodiment maintains the availability of the communication link as much as possible while ensuring the safety of the amplifier.

[0096] Based on the above embodiments, in order to maintain the availability of the communication link as much as possible, when implementing the protection strategy, the amplifier in the radio frequency transmission link can be turned off first, and the amplifier can be turned on again at a set interval to detect the difference between the transmission power and the reflection power. If the difference still meets the protection trigger condition after a set number of times, the transmission power is reduced.

[0097] The set interval refers to the waiting time between shutting down the amplifier and the next temporary turn-on, such as 1 second, to prevent excessively frequent switching operations from causing additional stress on the amplifier. The set number of attempts refers to the maximum number of recovery attempts allowed before a final decision is made to reduce power, such as 3 times, to confirm whether the fault is persistent rather than an occasional transient event.

[0098] When the data analyzer executes the protection strategy, it can send a shutdown signal to the amplifier's enable pin or bias control circuit via itself or the controller, putting the final stage amplifier (or all amplifiers) in the RF transmit link into an inactive state, thereby interrupting the RF output. At this time, the terminal pauses transmission, the reflected power drops to zero, and the amplifier is protected. The data analyzer starts a timer with a set interval (e.g., 1 second). After the timer expires, the data analyzer temporarily turns on the amplifier in the transmit link, but only maintains it for a very short detection window (e.g., 1 millisecond). Within this window, the controller transmits a test signal with a low duty cycle (or maintains a normal signal for a very short time), and the data analyzer simultaneously measures the transmit power P0' and reflected power P1' at this time, recalculating ΔP' = P0' - P1'.

[0099] If ΔP'>Th, it indicates that the previous reflection may have been a transient disturbance. In this case, the data analyzer keeps the amplifier constantly on, resumes normal operation mode, and the protection process ends.

[0100] If ΔP' ≤ Th, the amplifier is shut down again, and the above cycle is repeated. The data analyzer records the number of consecutive attempts (e.g., first attempt, second attempt, etc.). When the number of consecutive attempts reaches a set number (e.g., 3 times), and ΔP' is still ≤ Th, the data analyzer determines that the reflection fault is a persistent anomaly and cannot be recovered by simple shutdown. At this time, the data analyzer does not completely shut down the amplifier, but switches to the second level of protection, for example, sending a command to the controller to reduce the digital power of the transmitted signal (e.g., reducing the baseband amplitude by 6dB, thereby reducing P0 to P0''). After reducing the power, the data analyzer can briefly reopen the transmission link and measure the new reflection power P1''. If P0'' - P1'' > Th at this time, the system maintains transmission at the reduced power and does not shut down the amplifier, thus preserving the communication link (although the power is lower and the coverage is reduced). If this is still not satisfied, the power can be reduced further until it is satisfied or reduced to the minimum safe power.

[0101] Throughout the process, the data analyzer reports the protection status (such as "standing wave abnormal, power backoff executed") to the host computer in real time, and may include the location information of the abnormal point. If the reflection disappears during any temporary opening (ΔP>Th), the data analyzer exits the protection procedure and resumes normal transmission.

[0102] In the above implementation process, this tiered strategy effectively avoids unnecessary downtime caused by brief disturbances, while ensuring the safety of the power amplifier and the minimum availability of communication under continuous failure.

[0103] Regarding spectrum analysis, the data analyzer can perform spectrum analysis on the reflected signal, obtain analysis results, and then identify abnormal operating states of amplifiers in the RF transmission link based on the analysis results. Based on the abnormal operating states, corresponding protection strategies are executed, including reducing transmission power and / or issuing alarm information.

[0104] Spectrum analysis refers to performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or other frequency domain transformations on digitized signals to extract parameters such as frequency components, amplitude distribution, and modulation quality. Abnormal operating states of amplifiers mainly include: saturation (output power reaches its limit, leading to increased nonlinear distortion), gain compression (output no longer increases linearly with input), self-oscillation (generating spurious spectral peaks), and increased harmonics or deteriorated error vector magnitude (EVM) due to aging or damage.

[0105] In normal operation or anomaly detection mode, the data analyzer acquires a segment of time-domain data from the reflected signal transmitted by the signal coupler at a fixed sampling rate (e.g., at least twice the signal bandwidth), and then performs spectrum analysis. Specifically, the data analyzer performs an FFT transform on the time-domain data after windowing (e.g., using a Hanning window) to obtain the frequency domain amplitude spectrum. Based on this spectrum, the data analyzer extracts the following feature parameters: Spurious signal magnitude: Detects the difference (in dBc) in amplitude (relative to the amplitude of the main signal) of unexpected spectral lines appearing outside the expected transmission frequency band. For example, if a spurious signal exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., -40 dBc), it is determined that the amplifier may be oscillating or nonlinear.

[0106] Amplitude of harmonic components: Extract the amplitude at the second and third harmonics. For example, if the second harmonic amplitude is greater than -30dBc or the third harmonic amplitude is greater than -40dBc, it indicates that the amplifier is operating in the nonlinear region and may be close to saturation.

[0107] Error Vector Magnitude (EVM): For a modulated signal, the data analyzer demodulates the sampled data and calculates the error vector magnitude (in %) between the actual constellation point and the ideal constellation point. For example, if the EVM exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 8% or 10%), it indicates severe signal degradation and insufficient amplifier linearity.

[0108] Carrier leakage and I / Q imbalance: For zero-IF architecture, analyze the carrier component and image component in the spectrum to determine whether there is local oscillator leakage or quadrature imbalance.

[0109] Therefore, the analysis results of spectrum analysis may include at least one of the above characteristic parameters, namely, at least one of the magnitude of spurious signals, the amplitude of harmonic components, and the amplitude of error vector.

[0110] The data analyzer then compares these analysis results with preset anomaly thresholds. If any analysis result exceeds the normal range (e.g., excessive spurious emissions, excessive harmonics, or excessive EVM), the amplifier is determined to be in an abnormal operating state (e.g., saturation, gain compression, or malfunction).

[0111] The data analyzer can implement a tiered protection strategy based on the severity of the anomaly. For example, for minor anomalies (such as EVM slightly above the threshold), it reduces the transmit power by lowering the baseband digital amplitude or DAC output through the controller, causing the amplifier to return to the linear region; simultaneously, it issues an alarm message stating "Amplifier performance degraded, power has been reduced." For severe anomalies (such as strong spurious emissions or severely degraded EVM, which does not improve after power reduction), the data analyzer issues an "Amplifier anomaly alarm" and recommends maintenance. It can also choose to continue communication at a lower power or completely shut down the amplifier to prevent further damage.

[0112] For example, suppose a satellite terminal is operating in QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation mode, and the data analyzer periodically performs spectrum analysis. After one sampling, the FFT result shows that the second harmonic amplitude is -28dBc, exceeding the preset threshold of -30dBc; at the same time, the calculated EVM value is 12%, exceeding the threshold of 8%. The data analyzer determines that the amplifier has entered the saturation region. Therefore, the data analyzer sends a command to the controller to reduce the transmit power from 30dBm to 24dBm (a reduction of 6dB). After sampling and analysis again, the second harmonic amplitude drops to -35dBc, and the EVM drops to 6%, returning to normal. The data analyzer records an alarm: "Amplifier saturation, power has been reduced." If the EVM is still as high as 15% after the power reduction, and abnormal spurious emissions appear (e.g., a spectral peak at -35dBc), the data analyzer determines that there is a hardware fault in the amplifier, issues an "Amplifier malfunction alarm, please replace" message, and maintains low-power transmission or shuts down.

[0113] In the above implementation process, through this spectrum analysis and hierarchical protection, the health status of the amplifier can be actively monitored, and adjustment measures can be taken in the early stage of nonlinear distortion to avoid signal quality deterioration leading to communication interruption, while extending the amplifier's service life.

[0114] In some implementations, the data analyzer can also record parameters such as the location of abnormal standing wave points, reflected signal strength, and EVM obtained from each self-test, forming a trend curve that changes over time. When the parameters slowly deteriorate, it can provide early warning of possible wire breaks or amplifier aging, enabling predictive maintenance.

[0115] Specifically, the data analyzer can automatically execute a complete standing wave and spectrum detection process according to a preset self-test cycle (e.g., every 10 minutes, or during each communication idle period), obtaining parameters such as the location D of the abnormal standing wave point, reflection power P1, EVM value, and optional parameters such as transmit power P0 and return loss ΔP. ​​The data analyzer combines the current time (from an internal real-time clock or an external synchronization signal) with these parameters to form a record, which is then appended to the historical storage area. To save storage space, a maximum number of records can be set (e.g., 1000 records), and records exceeding this limit will overwrite the oldest records.

[0116] After each new record is generated, the data analyzer calls the trend analysis module: First, it reads the most recent N (e.g., the most recent 20) sequences of the same parameter (e.g., the D-value sequence) and calculates its mean, standard deviation, and linear fitting slope. For example, if the absolute value of the slope is less than a set threshold (e.g., position change rate < 0.01 m / day), it is considered stable; if the fitting slope of the reflected power P1 shows a continuous increase (i.e., the reflected power gradually increases), or the fitting slope of the EVM increases by more than 0.5% every 24 hours, and multiple consecutive (e.g., 5) tests show a consistent deterioration direction, then it is determined that the link or amplifier is slowly degrading. At this time, the data analyzer generates a predictive maintenance alarm and reports it to the host computer or cloud platform through the communication interface. The alarm content includes the type of degraded parameter, the current value, and suggested checks (e.g., "Reflected power has increased for 10 consecutive times, please check the cable connector" or "EVM is slowly degrading, it is recommended to reduce the transmit power or replace the power amplifier"). At the same time, the data analyzer can continue to maintain normal communication, and only performs power backoff or shutdown when the parameter degrades to the point of triggering the immediate protection threshold.

[0117] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method process executed by the electronic device in the above method embodiments.

[0118] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can perform the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments, such as including: Receive the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal; The total signal transmission delay is determined based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the radio frequency transmission link; The location of the abnormal standing wave point is determined based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

[0119] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, and program product for detecting standing wave anomalies. By measuring the total transmission delay between the transmitted and reflected signals and combining it with a pre-calibrated inherent system delay, accurate location of standing wave anomalies can be achieved. This solution introduces a standing wave anomaly location capability based on delay measurement into satellite communication terminals, which can effectively distinguish the location of anomalies, shorten troubleshooting time, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0120] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0121] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0122] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0123] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0124] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting standing wave anomalies, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal; The total signal transmission delay is determined based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the radio frequency transmission link; The location of the abnormal standing wave point is determined based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the location of the abnormal standing wave point based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay includes: Obtain the delay difference between the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay; Based on the time delay difference and the propagation speed of the transmitted signal, the abnormal distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reference point is a signal coupler. After determining the distance of the abnormal standing wave point relative to the reference point, the method further includes: Obtain the target distance between the terminal output port and the reference point, as well as the length of the external cable connected to the terminal output port; Based on the comparison results between the abnormal distance, the target distance, and the length of the external cable, the abnormal location classification of the abnormal standing wave point is determined. The abnormal location classification includes the interior of the terminal, the external cable, or the interior of the antenna end.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset transmission delay is the reflection delay measured when the terminal output port is in a state of total reflection.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link, the method further includes: Based on the intensity of the reflected signal and the intensity of the transmitted signal, determine whether the protection triggering condition is met; If the conditions are met, the corresponding protection policy will be executed.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protection triggering condition includes: the difference between the transmission power of the transmitted signal and the reflection power of the reflected signal is less than a set threshold.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protection strategy includes reducing the transmit power and / or shutting down amplifiers in the radio frequency transmit link, and the execution of the corresponding protection strategy includes: The amplifier in the radio frequency transmission link is turned off, and the amplifier is turned back on at set intervals to detect the difference. If the difference still meets the protection trigger condition after a set number of times, then the transmission power is reduced.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the reflected signal from the radio frequency transmission link, the method further includes: The reflected signal was subjected to spectral analysis to obtain the analysis results; Based on the analysis results, the abnormal operating state of the amplifier in the radio frequency transmission link is identified; The corresponding protection strategy is executed according to the abnormal operating state, and the protection strategy includes reducing the transmission power and / or issuing alarm information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The analysis results include at least one of the following: the magnitude of the spurious signal, the amplitude of the harmonic components, and the amplitude of the error vector.

10. A standing wave anomaly detection device, characterized in that, include: Radio frequency (RF) transmission link, used to transmit transmitted signals; A signal coupler is disposed in the radio frequency transmission link and is used to couple the transmitted signals of the radio frequency transmission link; A data analysis circuit is coupled to the control terminal of the radio frequency transmission link and the output terminal of the signal coupler, respectively. The data analysis circuit is configured to receive the reflected signal reflected back from the radio frequency transmission link and obtain the reception time of the reflected signal. The total signal transmission delay is determined based on the transmission time and reception time of the transmitted signal in the radio frequency transmission link; the location of the abnormal standing wave point is determined based on the total signal transmission delay and the preset transmission delay.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, The radio frequency transmission link includes: a controller, a radio frequency transceiver chip, a filter, a first amplifier, and a second amplifier. The controller is used to generate a transmission signal and send a transmission start flag signal to the data analysis circuit when transmitting the transmission signal. The data analysis circuit is used to determine the transmission time of the transmission signal based on the transmission start flag signal.

12. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, The data analysis circuit includes a data analyzer, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a switch. The ADC converts the reflected signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the data analyzer. The switch selectively sends the reflected signal output by the signal coupler into the ADC.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images