A head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device integrated control method and system

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated control method and system for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices, relating to the field of low-light night vision technology. The system includes S1: power regulation, S2: attitude calculation, S3: gain and protection control, and S4: human-machine interaction control. Through a power regulation architecture that utilizes a boost regulator circuit and dual LDOs working in tandem, it achieves ultra-wide voltage input compatibility from 1.0V to 4.4V, seamlessly adapting to various commercially available battery specifications such as AA batteries, CR123, and 18650. This completely solves the supply chain lock-in and field logistics difficulties caused by inconsistent battery standards in traditional devices. Furthermore, by using gravity reference attitude calculation based on a three-axis accelerometer, it replaces the traditional electromagnetically susceptible magnetic induction method with gravity as the reference, significantly improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of attitude detection, ensuring that the night vision device can accurately determine its status even in complex electromagnetic environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-light night vision technology, and in particular to an integrated control method and system for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices. Background Technology

[0002] Low-light night vision technology is an imaging technique that uses a low-light image intensifier to electronically amplify and convert the faint light in extremely low-light environments at night into a visible image. It is widely used in individual soldier operations, law enforcement, night patrols, security monitoring, and field observation. Monocular handheld low-light night vision devices are the most common product type in this field due to their small size, low power consumption, and high portability. Existing monocular low-light night vision devices typically consist of a low-light image intensifier, objective lens, eyepiece, power supply module, and simple control circuitry. A boost module provides the operating voltage to the image intensifier, and a fixed or manually adjustable gain voltage is used to amplify the incident low-light signal.

[0003] As the application environment of night vision devices becomes increasingly complex, the technical shortcomings of traditional structures are gradually becoming apparent:

[0004] In terms of power management, the MCU, image intensifier, fill light and indicator light share the same power supply, lacking domain management and low noise design, resulting in low power utilization efficiency. It is also only compatible with specific battery models and cannot be compatible with various commercially available battery specifications such as AA batteries, CR123, 18650, etc., creating a serious supply chain lock-in problem.

[0005] In terms of attitude detection, traditional solutions rely on magnetic sensing, which is highly susceptible to the surrounding environment and electromagnetic interference, leading to functional failure and poor reliability.

[0006] In terms of strong light protection, the method of using photoresistors in conjunction with MCUADC quantization has technical defects such as low detection accuracy, susceptibility to temperature effects, and lossy data transmission errors, and cannot accurately protect the image intensifier from saturation damage.

[0007] In terms of control architecture, existing equipment is still in the stage of passive observation instruments with single function, lacking environmental perception, intelligent decision-making and system-level compatibility, and is difficult to meet the stringent requirements for imaging stability, operability and logistic versatility in complex dynamic environments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated control method and system for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated control method for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1: Power supply regulation, detects the input voltage, and switches the power supply topology path according to the comparison result between the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to output a stable system operating voltage;

[0011] S2: Attitude calculation, which collects the gravitational acceleration components through a three-axis accelerometer and converts them into attitude angles to determine the current attitude of the night vision device;

[0012] S3: Gain and protection control. The ambient light intensity is collected by a digital light intensity detection chip. The gain voltage of the image intensifier is dynamically adjusted by combining the attitude angle and the ambient light intensity. When the ambient light intensity exceeds the preset threshold, strong light protection is triggered.

[0013] S4: Human-computer interaction control, receives operation commands input by the user, and generates corresponding visual feedback signals based on the system status.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the system operating voltage threshold is 3.3V, and the switching power supply topology path specifically includes:

[0015] When the input voltage is detected to be lower than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is controlled to boost the input voltage to a stable intermediate value, and then the voltage is regulated again through at least two low dropout linear regulators.

[0016] When the input voltage is detected to be higher than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is switched to pass-through mode, so that the input voltage is directly transmitted to the low dropout linear regulator for buck regulation.

[0017] Preferably, the secondary voltage regulation via at least two low-dropout linear regulators specifically includes:

[0018] One LDO output is dedicated to powering the image intensifier driver module, while the other LDO output is used to power the MCU and digital logic circuits. This is to simulate the physical isolation between the high-voltage domain and the digital logic domain, thereby suppressing power supply noise from interfering with the image.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the triaxial accelerometer outputs an analog voltage proportional to the gravitational acceleration through an analog output pin, and the MCU acquires and quantizes the analog voltage through an internal ADC peripheral. Based on the invariance of the direction of gravity in space, the current attitude of the device is calculated. The attitude angle is used to determine whether the night vision device is in an observation state being held up by the user or in an idle drooping state.

[0020] Preferably, the specific method for acquiring the gravitational acceleration components by the triaxial accelerometer in step S2 is as follows: an analog output type triaxial accelerometer is used, whose XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins output analog voltage signals representing the gravitational acceleration components of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. The analog voltage signals are directly input to the three ADC pins of the main control unit for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0021] Preferably, the digital light intensity detection chip is connected to the MCU via the IIC communication protocol and directly outputs a digital quantity representing the ambient illuminance, with a detection range covering 0.1 lx to 20000 lx.

[0022] Preferably, the gain voltage of the dynamically adjusted image intensifier is specifically:

[0023] When the ambient light intensity decreases and the device is in a horizontal observation position, gradually increase the gain voltage;

[0024] When the ambient light intensity increases, the gain voltage is gradually reduced to maintain image clarity;

[0025] When the ambient light intensity is detected to exceed the strong light protection threshold, the power supply to the image intensifier is immediately cut off or its gain is reduced to the minimum to protect the image intensifier from saturation damage.

[0026] Preferably, step S4, human-computer interaction, includes:

[0027] The user mode command is received through a multi-position band switch, and the mode command includes OFF, ON, IR and AUTO modes.

[0028] The system receives user fine-tuning commands via a digital gain adjustment switch with push-to-feedback functionality.

[0029] The multi-color RGB status indicator lights provide real-time feedback on the power status, current gain level, and protection mode activation status based on the MCU's monitoring results, using different colors or flashing frequencies.

[0030] Preferably, the MCU executes a centralized dynamic power management strategy, adjusting the activation and deactivation of infrared fill light and the operating point of the image intensifier according to the attitude angle, ambient light intensity, and current operating mode.

[0031] The present invention also provides an integrated control system for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices, comprising:

[0032] The power management module, connected to the battery input terminal, is used to detect the input voltage and switch the power supply topology path according to the comparison result of the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to provide the system with stable multi-channel independent operating voltage;

[0033] The attitude detection module includes a triaxial accelerometer, which is used to acquire the gravitational acceleration component and output the corresponding analog signal;

[0034] An ambient light detection module, including a digital light intensity detection chip, is used to collect ambient light intensity and output it in the form of a digital signal;

[0035] Image intensifier driver module, connected to the image intensifier, used to regulate and output the operating voltage of the image intensifier;

[0036] The human-computer interaction module includes an operation input unit and a status indication unit, which are used to receive user commands and provide feedback on the system status to the user;

[0037] The main control module, including the MCU, is connected to the power management module, attitude detection module, ambient light detection module, image intensifier driver module, and human-machine interaction module.

[0038] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0039] (1) This invention achieves ultra-wide voltage input compatibility from 1.0V to 4.4V through a power regulation architecture that works in conjunction with a boost regulator circuit and dual LDOs. It can seamlessly adapt to various commercially available battery specifications such as AA batteries, CR123, and 18650, completely solving the problems of supply chain lock-in and field logistics support difficulties caused by inconsistent battery standards in traditional equipment. Furthermore, by using gravity reference attitude calculation based on the ADXL335 triaxial accelerometer, gravity is used as the reference to replace the traditional magnetic induction method which is susceptible to electromagnetic interference, greatly improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of attitude detection and ensuring that the night vision device can still accurately judge the status of the equipment in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0040] (2) This invention achieves dynamic and precise adjustment of the image intensifier gain through dual closed-loop feedback control of digital light intensity detection chip and attitude angle, effectively counteracting image shaking caused by hand shake, and quickly triggering protection mechanism in the event of sudden strong light source, minimizing the risk of damage to core components. Through the combination design of multi-level band switch, digital gain adjustment switch and RGB status indicator in step S4, it provides users with an intuitive and fast operation feedback experience. At the same time, the centralized dynamic power management strategy executed by MCU intelligently adjusts the infrared fill light and image intensifier working point according to attitude, light intensity and working mode, significantly improving power utilization efficiency and extending the battery life of a single charge. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1This is a flowchart of the integrated control method for the head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the DC-DC boost regulator circuit of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the LDO buck regulator circuit of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the attitude detection circuit of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light intensity detection circuit of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery input and reverse connection protection circuit of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the band switch interface circuit of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-up resistor configuration circuit of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gain voltage control circuit of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the gain adjustment auxiliary circuit of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the light intensity detection chip circuit of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the image intensifier interface adapter circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-12 The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Power regulation, detects the input voltage, and switches the power supply topology path according to the comparison result between the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to output a stable system operating voltage;

[0057] S2: Attitude calculation, which collects the gravitational acceleration components through a three-axis accelerometer and converts them into attitude angles to determine the current attitude of the night vision device;

[0058] S3: Gain and protection control. The ambient light intensity is collected by a digital light intensity detection chip. The gain voltage of the image intensifier is dynamically adjusted by combining the attitude angle and the ambient light intensity. When the ambient light intensity exceeds the preset threshold, strong light protection is triggered.

[0059] S4: Human-computer interaction control, receives operation commands input by the user, and generates corresponding visual feedback signals based on the system status.

[0060] A power regulation architecture that utilizes a boost regulator circuit and dual LDOs working in tandem, with the specific circuit as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it achieves ultra-wide voltage input compatibility from 1.0V to 4.4V, seamlessly adapting to various commercially available battery specifications such as AA batteries, CR123, and 18650. This completely solves the supply chain lock-in and field logistics difficulties caused by the lack of standardized battery standards in traditional equipment. Furthermore, by using gravity reference attitude calculation based on the ADXL335 triaxial accelerometer, it replaces the traditional electromagnetically susceptible magnetic induction method with gravity as the reference, significantly improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of attitude detection. This ensures that the night vision device can accurately determine its status even in complex electromagnetic environments. The digital light intensity detection chip and attitude angle... The dual closed-loop feedback control enables dynamic and precise adjustment of the image intensifier gain, effectively counteracting image shake caused by hand-held shakiness. It also quickly triggers a protection mechanism in the event of a sudden strong light source, minimizing the risk of damage to core components. Through the combination design of multi-level band switches, digital gain adjustment switches, and RGB status indicator lights in step S4, it provides users with an intuitive and rapid operation feedback experience. At the same time, the centralized dynamic power management strategy executed by the MCU intelligently adjusts the infrared fill light and image intensifier operating point according to posture, light intensity, and working mode, significantly improving power utilization efficiency and extending the battery life on a single charge.

[0061] In step S1, the system operating voltage threshold is 3.3V, and the specific steps for switching the power supply topology path include:

[0062] When the input voltage is detected to be lower than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is controlled to boost the input voltage to a stable intermediate value, and then the voltage is regulated again through at least two low dropout linear regulators.

[0063] When the input voltage is detected to be higher than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is switched to pass-through mode, so that the input voltage is directly transmitted to the low dropout linear regulator for buck regulation.

[0064] The system monitors the input voltage in real time and switches between two power supply topologies with a threshold of 3.3V. By switching between boost and direct-through, it achieves an ultra-wide input voltage compatibility of 1.0V to 4.4V, seamlessly adapting to various commercially available battery specifications such as AA batteries, CR123, and 18650. This solves the supply chain lock-in and field logistics problems caused by inconsistent battery standards in traditional equipment. Secondly, two LDOs physically isolate the analog high-voltage domain (dedicated to the image intensifier) ​​from the digital logic domain (dedicated to the MCU and peripheral circuits). This effectively reduces the ripple in the front-end stage by utilizing the high power rejection ratio of the LDOs, and eliminates the interference of digital circuit switching noise on the imaging power supply, improving the power supply purity of the image intensifier and the image stability. It also lays the hardware foundation for the centralized dynamic power management strategy executed by the MCU, enabling the system to accurately allocate energy flow according to operating conditions, significantly improving overall power utilization efficiency and extending the battery life on a single charge.

[0065] Secondary voltage regulation using at least two low-dropout linear regulators specifically includes:

[0066] One LDO (U3) output is dedicated to powering the image intensifier driver module, while the other LDO (U4) output powers the MCU and digital logic circuits. This simulates physical isolation between the high-voltage domain and the digital logic domain, suppressing power supply noise interference with the image. Utilizing the inherent high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of the LDO, voltage ripple from the pre-amplifier boost circuit or direct battery input can be effectively attenuated, providing a clean power supply environment for the image intensifier. The image stability of the image intensifier directly depends on the purity of the power supply voltage; the smaller the voltage fluctuation, the less image jitter. Furthermore, physical isolation completely eliminates interference. Interference from digital circuits to analog power supply—high-frequency switching noise, communication signal radiation, and transient load fluctuations generated during MCU operation—are all confined to the digital domain of the separate LDO (U4) power supply and cannot be coupled to the image intensifier of the LDO (U3) power supply via power lines. This avoids the problems of horizontal stripes, jitter, or reduced signal-to-noise ratio in the image caused by digital noise in traditional shared power supply schemes. Finally, this domain-specific power supply architecture also lays the foundation for system-level electromagnetic compatibility optimization, enabling the night vision device to maintain stable imaging quality in complex electromagnetic environments, significantly improving the reliability and environmental adaptability of the equipment.

[0067] In step S2, the triaxial accelerometer outputs an analog voltage proportional to the gravitational acceleration through its analog output pin. The MCU acquires and quantizes this analog voltage via its internal ADC peripheral. Based on the invariance of the gravitational direction in space, the current attitude of the device is calculated. The attitude detection circuit is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the attitude angle is used to determine whether the night vision device is in a horizontal working state being held up by the user or in an idle, drooping state. It employs an analog output type triaxial accelerometer (such as the ADXL335), whose XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins output analog voltage signals proportional to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis gravitational acceleration components, respectively. These signals are directly input to the MCU's three ADC pins for high-precision analog-to-digital conversion and quantization. Based on the physical principle of the invariance of gravity direction in space on the Earth's surface, the MCU uses an algorithm to calculate the current attitude angle from the collected triaxial gravitational acceleration components in real time. This accurately determines whether the night vision device is in a horizontal working state being held up by the user for observation, or in an idle, drooping, or tilted state, thus eliminating the need for attitude detection methods that rely on magnets in traditional low-light night vision devices. The measurement method avoids the unpredictable impact of external electromagnetic environment (such as strong magnetic field equipment, metal objects or radio frequency interference) on the detection results. Using gravity, a constant physical benchmark, as a reference, the anti-interference capability of attitude detection is improved. Secondly, through the continuous quantization method of analog voltage output and ADC acquisition, infinitely fine perception of device attitude is achieved, rather than the discrete switching quantity detection of traditional magnetic induction. This allows the MCU to accurately grasp any tilt angle of the device, providing richer data support for subsequent intelligent power consumption management. Moreover, the attitude angle is used as one of the activation logic judgment conditions of the image intensifier driver module, realizing a user-friendly operation experience of automatic wake-up when picked up and intelligent standby when put down. This not only avoids power waste caused by forgetting to turn off the device, but also improves the combat efficiency of rapid response in emergency situations.

[0068] The specific method for acquiring the gravitational acceleration components using a triaxial accelerometer in step S2 is as follows: An analog output triaxial accelerometer is used, with its XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins outputting analog voltage signals representing the gravitational acceleration components along the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. These analog voltage signals are directly input to the three ADC pins of the main control unit for analog-to-digital conversion. The analog output eliminates the need for digital protocol encapsulation and parsing, removing the microsecond-level delay caused by IIC or SPI communication. This optimizes the real-time performance of attitude calculation, ensuring that the night vision device can accurately capture attitude changes even during rapid movement or shaking. Furthermore, the analog voltage directly enters the MCU's ADC, allowing for flexible configuration of the sampling bit depth and reference voltage to achieve infinitely refined measurement of attitude angles. This approach breaks through the limitations of fixed resolution in digital sensors. It eliminates the need for level conversion circuits and pull-up resistors for communication interfaces. The XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT lines are directly connected to the ADC pins, significantly simplifying circuit design, reducing BOM costs and failure rates. The analog output generates only DC or low-frequency signals, which, combined with filter capacitors, effectively suppress high-frequency radiation and avoid electromagnetic interference that may be introduced by digital communication interfaces (such as the SCL clock line of IIC). This aligns perfectly with the design concept of physical isolation between the analog and digital domains in step S1. The sensor can be powered by an independent LDO, and its output is transmitted entirely within the analog domain until ADC conversion, further enhancing the system's electromagnetic compatibility and laying a reliable hardware foundation for subsequent high-precision attitude calculation and intelligent power management.

[0069] The digital light intensity detection chip connects to the MCU via the IIC communication protocol, directly outputting a digital value representing ambient illuminance. The detection range covers 0.1 lx to 20000 lx. The light intensity detection circuit is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the digital output completely eliminates the inherent accuracy loss problem in the traditional analog photoresistor combined with ADC quantization scheme. The light intensity data is directly transmitted to the MCU in complete digital form, avoiding attenuation interference and ADC quantization error during analog signal transmission. This enables the ambient light detection accuracy to reach the 0.01lx level. Moreover, the IIC digital communication protocol only requires two signal lines to complete data transmission, which not only saves MCU ADC pin resources but also enhances anti-interference capabilities. The digital signal is not easily affected by power supply noise or electromagnetic radiation during transmission, ensuring the reliability of the light intensity data. At the same time, the ultra-wide detection range of 0.1lx to 20000lx covers all application scenarios from low-light environments (such as moonless night skies) to direct strong light (such as sunlight or searchlights). It can accurately trigger infrared supplementary lighting under low illumination and quickly respond to trigger the protection mechanism when there is a sudden strong light source, providing accurate protection for the image intensifier under all operating conditions.

[0070] The specific steps for dynamically adjusting the gain voltage of the image intensifier are as follows:

[0071] When the ambient light intensity decreases and the device is in a horizontal observation position, gradually increase the gain voltage;

[0072] When the ambient light intensity increases, the gain voltage is gradually reduced to maintain image clarity;

[0073] When the ambient light intensity is detected to exceed the strong light protection threshold, the power supply to the image intensifier is immediately cut off or its gain is reduced to the minimum to protect the image intensifier from saturation damage.

[0074] The above dynamic adjustment expression is:

[0075]

[0076] in, This is the current gain voltage. This represents the gain voltage at the previous moment. and These represent the gain step value, and L represents the ambient light intensity. and These are the illuminance thresholds for gain adjustment, and θ is the attitude angle. observe The range of angles for horizontal observation posture. This is the threshold for strong light protection. The above judgment facilitates modular programming and parameterized configuration for engineers in MCU firmware development. Only the variable threshold needs to be modified to adapt to different image intensifier models. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical basis for the smoothness and stability of gain control by setting reasonable step values. This avoids screen flickering caused by sudden gain changes, improving viewing comfort; thirdly, clear mathematical boundary conditions ensure the absolute priority of glare protection. The time gain is forced to zero, which ensures the safety of core components under extreme lighting conditions from the algorithm level.

[0077] Step S4, human-computer interaction, includes:

[0078] The system receives user mode commands via a multi-position band switch. The mode commands include OFF, ON, IR, and AUTO modes.

[0079] The system receives user fine-tuning commands via a digital gain adjustment switch with push-to-feedback functionality.

[0080] The multi-color RGB status indicator lights provide real-time feedback on the power status, current gain level, and protection mode activation status based on the MCU's monitoring results, using different colors or flashing frequencies.

[0081] The MCU executes a centralized dynamic power management strategy, adjusting the activation and deactivation of infrared illumination and the operating point of the image intensifier based on the attitude angle, ambient light intensity, and current operating mode.

[0082] The combination of a multi-band switch and digital gain adjustment not only meets the operational needs of professional users to quickly switch modes in complex environments, but also provides fine-grained image adjustment capabilities, achieving a balance between ease of operation and control precision. Furthermore, the visual feedback language of the RGB status indicator allows users to monitor the device's operating status in real time through peripheral vision or indicator color changes without taking their eyes off the device, which is of great value in tactical applications. This enables the MCU's dynamic power management strategy to deeply integrate user commands and sensor data. For example, in AUTO mode, the system determines whether the device is being observed based on its posture, and only activates infrared illumination when the device is being observed horizontally and the ambient light is below the threshold, avoiding unnecessary power consumption due to forgetting to turn it off. At the same time, the image intensifier gain is dynamically adjusted based on light intensity and posture, ensuring that the system always operates at the optimal energy efficiency point, significantly extending the battery life on a single charge.

[0083] The present invention also provides an integrated control system for head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision devices, comprising:

[0084] The power management module, connected to the battery input terminal, is used to detect the input voltage and switch the power supply topology path according to the comparison result of the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to provide the system with stable multi-channel independent operating voltage;

[0085] The attitude detection module includes a triaxial accelerometer, which is used to acquire the gravitational acceleration component and output the corresponding analog signal;

[0086] An ambient light detection module, including a digital light intensity detection chip, is used to collect ambient light intensity and output it in the form of a digital signal;

[0087] Image intensifier driver module, connected to the image intensifier, used to regulate and output the operating voltage of the image intensifier;

[0088] The human-computer interaction module includes an operation input unit and a status indication unit, which are used to receive user commands and provide feedback on the system status to the user;

[0089] The main control module, including the MCU, is connected to the power management module, attitude detection module, ambient light detection module, image intensifier driver module, and human-machine interaction module.

[0090] Figure 2 This is the boost regulator circuit diagram in the power management module. It regulates the battery input voltage to 3.3V. The STM32's ADC peripheral is connected to the battery input via the PA2_ADC1_VBAT signal to measure the battery voltage. When using AA batteries, a blue-green light flashes (every 10 seconds) to indicate when the battery voltage is below 1.2V, or when using CR123 batteries, a blue-green light flashes (indicating a voltage drop of below 2.7V).

[0091] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an attitude detection circuit. An accelerometer chip transmits analog acceleration values ​​to the ADC module in the STM32 microcontroller for acquisition. The acceleration detection module automatically starts upon power-on, and then processes the acquired data to achieve angle detection. When the absolute value of the angle exceeds 80°, the load is powered off.

[0092] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram for battery input and reverse connection protection in the power management module. The positive and negative input terminals of the battery are protected against reverse connection through Q1 and R1, and the overall circuit is switched on and off through Q4 and R23. When the switch POWER net is connected to VBAT_INPUT, Q4 is disconnected and the whole machine is in the off state. When POWER net is disconnected and connected to VBAT_INPUT, the whole machine is powered on.

[0093] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagrams show the band switch interface circuit and the pull-up resistor configuration circuit, respectively, illustrating the IR / AUTO mode selection via the band switch. When PA5_IR is selected by the band switch and pulled to GND, the STM32 detects the change in the pin's level signal, thus turning on the fill light U6 and illuminating the red LED. When PA6_AUTO is selected by the band switch and pulled to GND, the STM32 detects the change in the pin's level signal, and automatically turns the fill light U6 and red LED on and off based on the light intensity data from the light intensity detection chip.

[0094] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gain voltage control circuit in the image intensifier driver module, which uses an STM32 microcontroller to control the load's on / off state. When PB5_TUBE_VB is low, Q2 is on and Q3 is off, powering on the load; when PB5_TUBE_VB is high, Q2 is off and Q3 is on, disconnecting the load.

[0095] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the gain adjustment auxiliary circuit in the image intensifier driver module. It includes an adjustable potentiometer for adjusting the load voltage range and a push-button switch. When the switch is pressed and held for 2 seconds, the blue light flashes twice and the rotation angle detection function is turned off. When the switch is pressed and held for 2 seconds again, the blue light flashes twice and the rotation angle detection function is turned on. When the switch is pressed twice in short bursts, the yellow light flashes twice and the glare protection function is turned off. When the switch is pressed twice in short bursts again, the yellow light flashes twice and the glare protection function is turned on.

[0096] Figure 11This is a circuit diagram of a light intensity detection chip, which has a built-in light intensity detection function upon power-on. If the illuminance (ambient light reading is 120 lux) is continuously exceeded for 1 minute, the load will automatically disconnect; if the illuminance (ambient light reading is 200 lux) is continuously exceeded for 1 second, the load will automatically disconnect. Furthermore, this module is also related to the AOTU function mentioned above. In AUTO mode, if the illuminance is below 1 lux, the supplementary light will automatically turn on, and the red status light will remain on. If the illuminance is above approximately 10 lux, the supplementary light will automatically turn off, and the red status light will turn off.

[0097] Figure 12 The image intensifier driver module is an image intensifier interface adapter circuit, specifically a connector configuration circuit for compatibility with image intensifiers of different interface types. The load configuration of the intensifier driver module is shown in the figure, from left to right: metal spring interface, pigtail interface, and three-contact image tube power interface.

[0098] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A head-mounted and hand-held low-light night vision device integrated control method, characterized in that, include: S1: Power supply regulation, detects the input voltage, and switches the power supply topology path according to the comparison result between the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to output a stable system operating voltage; S2: Attitude calculation, which collects the gravitational acceleration components through a three-axis accelerometer and converts them into attitude angles to determine the current attitude of the night vision device; S3: Gain and protection control. The ambient light intensity is collected by a digital light intensity detection chip. The gain voltage of the image intensifier is dynamically adjusted by combining the attitude angle and the ambient light intensity. When the ambient light intensity exceeds the preset threshold, strong light protection is triggered. S4: Human-computer interaction control, receives operation commands input by the user, and generates corresponding visual feedback signals based on the system status.

2. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the system operating voltage threshold is 3.3V, and the switching power supply topology path specifically includes: When the input voltage is detected to be lower than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is controlled to boost the input voltage to a stable intermediate value, and then the voltage is regulated again through at least two low dropout linear regulators. When the input voltage is detected to be higher than 3.3V, the boost regulator circuit is switched to pass-through mode, so that the input voltage is directly transmitted to the low dropout linear regulator for buck regulation.

3. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary voltage regulation using at least two low-dropout linear regulators specifically includes: One LDO output is dedicated to powering the image intensifier driver module, while the other LDO output is used to power the MCU and digital logic circuits. This is to simulate the physical isolation between the high-voltage domain and the digital logic domain, thereby suppressing power supply noise from interfering with the image.

4. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the triaxial accelerometer outputs an analog voltage proportional to the gravitational acceleration through the analog output pin, and the MCU collects and quantizes the analog voltage through the internal ADC peripheral. Based on the invariance of the direction of gravity in space, the current attitude of the device is calculated. The attitude angle is used to determine whether the night vision device is in an observation state where it is held up by the user or in an idle drooping state.

5. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method for acquiring the gravitational acceleration components through the triaxial accelerometer in step S2 is as follows: an analog output type triaxial accelerometer is used, whose XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins output analog voltage signals representing the gravitational acceleration components of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. The analog voltage signals are directly input to the three ADC pins of the main control unit for analog-to-digital conversion.

6. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital light intensity detection chip is connected to the MCU via the IIC communication protocol and directly outputs a digital quantity representing the ambient illuminance, with a detection range covering 0.1 lx to 20000 lx.

7. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gain voltage of the dynamically adjusted image intensifier is specifically: When the ambient light intensity decreases and the device is in a horizontal observation position, gradually increase the gain voltage; When the ambient light intensity increases, the gain voltage is gradually reduced to maintain image clarity; When the ambient light intensity is detected to exceed the strong light protection threshold, the power supply to the image intensifier is immediately cut off or its gain is reduced to the minimum to protect the image intensifier from saturation damage.

8. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction step S4 includes: The user mode command is received through a multi-position band switch, and the mode command includes OFF, ON, IR and AUTO modes. The system receives user fine-tuning commands via a digital gain adjustment switch with push-to-feedback functionality. The multi-color RGB status indicator lights provide real-time feedback on the power status, current gain level, and protection mode activation status based on the MCU's monitoring results, using different colors or flashing frequencies.

9. The integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The MCU executes a centralized dynamic power management strategy, adjusting the activation and deactivation of infrared illumination and the operating point of the image intensifier based on the attitude angle, ambient light intensity, and current operating mode.

10. An integrated control system for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device, applied to the integrated control method for a head-mounted and handheld low-light night vision device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The power management module, connected to the battery input terminal, is used to detect the input voltage and switch the power supply topology path according to the comparison result of the input voltage and the system operating voltage threshold, so as to provide the system with stable multi-channel independent operating voltage; The attitude detection module includes a triaxial accelerometer, which is used to acquire the gravitational acceleration component and output the corresponding analog signal; An ambient light detection module, including a digital light intensity detection chip, is used to collect ambient light intensity and output it in the form of a digital signal; Image intensifier driver module, connected to the image intensifier, used to regulate and output the operating voltage of the image intensifier; The human-computer interaction module includes an operation input unit and a status indication unit, which are used to receive user commands and provide feedback on the system status to the user; The main control module, including the MCU, is connected to the power management module, attitude detection module, ambient light detection module, image intensifier driver module, and human-machine interaction module.

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