A bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation support and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building seismic resistance, and especially relates to a bidirectional self-adaptive spherical seismic isolation support and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: determining whether the deformation is qualified based on the calculation of the elastic deformation of the spherical bowl under the design pre-tightening force, and performing the first modification under the unqualified condition; completing the support assembly after ensuring the assembly centering accuracy of the components through pre-assembly; performing the pre-test on the assembled support, determining whether the pre-test is passed according to the initial starting friction, and implementing the second modification on the support which fails to pass the pre-test; obtaining the comprehensive performance index through the bidirectional pseudo-static test to evaluate the support performance and determine whether the product performance meets the standard; and performing the hierarchical optimization on the substandard products according to the performance parameters and the number of modification performed. The present application solves the problem that the hidden deformation of the spherical bowl caused by the assembly pre-tightening force increases the starting friction and reduces the horizontal seismic isolation and vertical seismic isolation performance of the support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic resistance technology for buildings, and in particular to a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of seismic isolation for buildings and bridges, spherical isolation bearings are widely used due to their excellent horizontal self-adaptation and recovery characteristics. However, existing fabrication techniques have significant shortcomings: First, the design preload applied during bearing assembly can cause unpredictable elastic sealing deformation of the ball cup, which significantly increases the actual starting friction, affects the vibration isolation effect, and exacerbates wear. Existing processes lack effective means to predict and compensate for this deformation. Second, key performance parameters of the bearing, such as equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness, exhibit significant dispersion after manufacturing. Traditional "assembly-testing" methods are post-inspection methods that lack systematic closed-loop quality control and cannot achieve precise root-cause optimization. Furthermore, existing methods struggle to systematically coordinate horizontal and vertical vibration isolation performance to achieve true "two-way adaptive" performance.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a method for preparing spherical seismic isolation bearings that can predict and eliminate assembly deformation from the manufacturing source and precisely control the final performance through closed-loop feedback.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120506028A discloses a novel composite tensile-resistant seismic isolation bearing, comprising: a lower support plate, with a support block fixedly installed above the lower support plate, the support block having a spherical groove in its center; a friction pendulum, the top of which is fixedly connected to an upper support plate, the bottom of which is disposed within the spherical groove; and an annular energy-dissipating plate installed between the support block and the upper support plate. The technical solution of this invention achieves excellent horizontal seismic isolation performance and vertical tensile and pull-out resistance.

[0005] Therefore, it can be seen that the novel composite tensile isolation bearing does not fully consider the deformation of the spherical groove caused by the bottom of the friction pendulum and the spherical groove under pressure, which further leads to a significant increase in the starting friction when dealing with horizontal vibration, resulting in a significant reduction in seismic resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address this issue, the present invention provides a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing and its preparation method, thereby overcoming the problem in the prior art that the deformation of the spherical groove under pressure leads to a significant increase in starting friction and a significant reduction in seismic resistance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing. It includes: The shaping position is determined based on the elastic deformation of the ball cup under the compression state, and the product of the first shaping coefficient and the elastic deformation is used as the grinding depth value for the first shaping adjustment. Based on the pre-assembled spherical seismic isolation bearing that meets the preset concentricity, the bearing is assembled with the designed pre-tightening force to obtain the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing; Based on the initial starting friction force determined by the pre-test, it is determined whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has passed the pre-test, so as to perform secondary reshaping and adjustment of the ball cup; A bidirectional quasi-static test was performed on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain a comprehensive performance index. Based on the comprehensive performance index, it was determined whether the performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing met the standard. Based on any non-compliant parameter and the number of reshaping operations performed, the product of the advanced reshaping compensation coefficient and the elastic deformation amount is determined as the advanced compensation grinding depth value to optimize the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of determining to perform the initial reshaping adjustment includes: Predict the axial stiffness of the upper and lower support plates under the action of the design preload due to the compression of the spherical crown and spherical cup; The elastic deformation of the ball cup is calculated based on the design preload and the axial stiffness. The elastic deformation amount is compared with the preset elastic deformation amount; The elastic deformation of the ball bowl is determined to be unqualified based on the fact that the elastic deformation amount is greater than the preset elastic deformation amount.

[0009] Furthermore, the process of determining to perform the initial reshaping adjustment also includes: Obtain deformation contour maps of all points on the ball cup when the design preload is applied to the support; The deformation cloud map is discretized, and the coordinates of several discrete points on the inner surface of the ball bowl and the elastic deformation corresponding to several discrete points are obtained to generate a deformation mapping table. The grinding depth value is obtained by multiplying the elastic deformation amount by the first shaping coefficient; Generate a shape modification mapping table by generating the position coordinates of each discrete point and the grinding depth value to be ground. Based on the shaping mapping table, the ideal spherical surface of the bowl is positioned and ground to the corresponding depth value according to each discrete point and the grinding depth value.

[0010] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has passed the pre-test includes: The initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is fixed on the pre-test platform; A horizontal unidirectional displacement or reciprocating displacement with constant amplitude and extremely low velocity is applied to the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. The displacement is recorded synchronously, a force-displacement curve is plotted, and the peak force is obtained as the starting friction force. The arithmetic mean of several starting friction forces measured in a preset number of consecutive cycles is taken as the initial starting friction force; The initial starting friction force is compared with the initial starting friction force threshold. Based on the fact that the initial starting friction force is greater than the initial starting friction force threshold, it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has failed the pre-test.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of performing secondary reshaping and adjustment on the sphere includes: The ratio of the initial starting friction force to the initial starting friction force threshold is calculated to obtain the friction force deviation rate; The second shaping coefficient is determined based on the frictional deviation rate; The compensation shaping coefficient is calculated based on the second shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient; The compensation shaping coefficient is multiplied by the elastic deformation to obtain the compensation grinding depth value; Generate a secondary compensation shaping mapping table that includes the position coordinates of each discrete point and the compensation grinding depth value that needs to be compensated. Based on the aforementioned secondary compensation and shaping mapping table, the inner surface of the same spherical bowl is repositioned and compensated for grinding.

[0012] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing meets the standards includes: Obtain the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing, and calculate the comprehensive performance index. The comprehensive performance index is compared with the preset comprehensive performance index; The initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is deemed to have substandard performance based on the fact that the comprehensive performance index is less than the preset comprehensive performance index.

[0013] Furthermore, the process of optimizing the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing with an advanced shaping compensation coefficient based on any substandard parameter and the number of shaping modifications performed includes: Obtain the number of modification operations performed on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing due to the substandard equivalent damping ratio and / or the substandard post-yield stiffness; Compare the number of reshaping operations performed with the preset number of reshaping operations; Based on the fact that the number of reshaping operations performed is less than the preset number of reshaping operations, it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing will undergo advanced compensation reshaping.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of determining the optimization of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing with an advanced shaping compensation coefficient based on any substandard parameter and the number of shaping operations performed also includes: Based on the fact that the vertical compressive stiffness does not meet the standard, the preload of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is released and it is disassembled, and a new vertical damping template that meets the standard vertical compressive stiffness is directly replaced.

[0015] Furthermore, the advanced compensation shaping process includes: Obtain the damping ratio deviation rate and stiffness deviation rate; The overall performance deviation rate is obtained based on the damping ratio deviation rate and the stiffness deviation rate; The target total shaping coefficient is determined based on the overall performance deviation rate. The difference between the target total shaping factor and the first shaping factor is calculated to obtain the advanced compensation shaping factor; The advanced compensation grinding depth value is obtained by multiplying the advanced compensation shaping coefficient by the elastic deformation amount. Generate an advanced compensation shaping mapping table that includes the position coordinates of each of the discrete points and the advanced compensation grinding depth values ​​that need to be compensated for grinding. Based on the advanced compensation shaping mapping table, the same ball bowl inner surface is repositioned and subjected to advanced compensation grinding.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing, including an upper support plate and a lower support plate, and further comprising: A spherical sliding pair includes a spherical cup disposed in the cavity of the lower support plate, a spherical crown disposed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical cup, and a low-friction sliding layer fixedly disposed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical cup; A vertical damping template, which is installed on the upper part of the spherical crown, is used to bear vertical loads.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By predicting the elastic deformation of the ball cup before applying the design preload and generating a shaping mapping table for reverse pre-deformation surface grinding of the ball cup, this invention achieves active compensation for the implicit deformation of the ball cup caused by the assembly preload, solving the technical problem that the actual starting friction force is much higher than the design value; by obtaining the starting friction force through pre-testing and establishing a mapping relationship between the friction force deviation rate and the shaping coefficient, secondary shaping is performed on unqualified supports based on the difference, achieving rapid and accurate correction of the starting friction force deviation; by obtaining the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness through bidirectional quasi-static testing and integrating and calculating the comprehensive performance index, multi-dimensional performance is quantified into a single index, solving the problem that the prior art cannot systematically evaluate the bidirectional adaptive comprehensive performance of the support; by controlling the number of shaping operations, advanced compensation shaping is performed on supports that do not meet the macroscopic performance standards and whose shaping operations are within the safe range, while those that have reached the upper limit are scrapped, effectively avoiding performance degradation caused by excessive shaping of the supports.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention achieves predictive reverse surface grinding of the ball cup by obtaining a deformation cloud map of the ball cup before applying the preload, discretizing the deformation cloud map into a deformation mapping table containing discrete point coordinates and elastic deformation, and then generating a modification mapping table containing grinding depth at each point based on the modification coefficient and inputting it into a five-axis CNC grinding machine. This solves the problem of implicit elastic deformation of the ball cup caused by the assembly preload and the actual starting friction force far exceeding the design value. By pre-assembling the ball cup, spherical crown, vertical damping module, and upper and lower support plates in sequence, and using a coordinate measuring machine to measure the relative offset between the center of the spherical crown and the central axis of the damping module as a reference using the common reference axis of the upper and lower support plates, quantitative control of the spatial position of the core components is achieved, ensuring the geometric alignment accuracy of each component before applying the preload. By setting a preset value for concentricity and comparing it with the measured value, fine-tuning is performed on those that do not meet the standard until they are qualified, which can avoid uneven stress and performance dispersion in subsequent assembly due to initial alignment deviation.

[0019] Furthermore, this invention applies a constant amplitude and extremely low speed micro-circular displacement excitation to the assembled initial support, and uses the force-displacement curve to extract the first peak force after the loading direction changes and before macroscopic sliding occurs as the initial starting friction force. This constructs a pre-test method that can quickly and accurately quantify the static friction state of the sliding pair without damaging the support, solving the problem of the lag in traditional methods that require complete performance testing to detect abnormal starting friction force. By comparing the measured starting friction force with a threshold based on the product of the design axial pressure and the material's design friction coefficient, a clear quantitative judgment standard is established. For those exceeding the standard, a secondary shaping is triggered instead of direct scrapping, avoiding unnecessary cost waste. By pre-calibrating and establishing a quantitative mapping relationship between the friction force deviation rate and the second shaping coefficient, and calculating the difference between the second shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient to obtain the compensation shaping coefficient, and then calling the deformation mapping table to generate a secondary compensation shaping mapping table containing only the compensation grinding depth, incremental compensation grinding is achieved on the basis of the original shaping for the same ball cup. This accurately corrects the starting friction force deviation and avoids the problem of over-grinding caused by repeated calculations.

[0020] Furthermore, this invention obtains the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness through bidirectional quasi-static testing, and calculates the comprehensive performance index using normalized weighted summation. This quantifies the multidimensional macroscopic mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical seismic isolation bearings into a single evaluation index, solving the problem of existing technologies being unable to uniformly quantify and evaluate the bidirectional adaptive comprehensive performance of bearings. By attributing substandard equivalent damping ratio and post-yield stiffness to problems with the sliding pair system, and substandard vertical compressive stiffness to problems with the damping module, for bearings with a safe range of reshaping times but substandard performance due to sliding pair issues, the comprehensive performance deviation rate is calculated and processed through a pre-calibrated advanced mapping mechanism. The system inverts the target total shaping coefficient and then calculates the difference between it and the initial shaping coefficient to obtain the advanced compensation shaping coefficient. A mapping table containing only the compensation grinding depth is generated for incremental grinding of the same ball cup, achieving precise compensation and correction of the equivalent damping ratio and post-yield stiffness. At the same time, those that have reached the upper limit of shaping are directly scrapped, which can effectively avoid the problem of performance degradation after product assembly caused by excessive shaping. For the optimized path of directly replacing the vertical damping module for the vertical compressive stiffness that does not meet the standard, it enables the fundamental differentiation and targeted optimization of horizontal and vertical seismic isolation performance at the manufacturing process level, solving the deep problem that traditional methods are difficult to systematically coordinate the bidirectional adaptive performance of the support. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of the bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing fabrication method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a logic block diagram illustrating how the elastic deformation of a ball bowl is determined based on the amount of elastic deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test based on the initial starting friction force; Figure 4 This is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining the optimization of an initial spherical seismic isolation bearing that does not meet the performance standards based on the number of modification operations performed; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, 1-upper support plate, 2-lower support plate, 3-spherical crown, 4-spherical cup, 5-low friction sliding layer, 6-shear bolt, 7-threaded hole, 8-wear-resistant layer, 9-vertical damping template. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Step S1: Provide the spherical sliding pair and vertical damping template of the spherical seismic isolation bearing, as well as the upper and lower support plates. Obtain the design preload of the spherical seismic isolation bearing and predict the axial stiffness of the upper and lower support plates due to the compression of the spherical crown and the spherical cup. Calculate the elastic deformation of the spherical cup under the compression state based on the design preload and the axial stiffness. Determine whether the elastic deformation of the spherical cup is qualified based on the elastic deformation. If it is unqualified, determine the ideal spherical surface of the spherical cup to be adjusted for the first time based on the elastic deformation. Step S2: After the initial shaping, the spherical sliding pair and the vertical damping module are pre-assembled and aligned within the upper and lower support plates to obtain the concentricity of the spherical sliding pair, the vertical damping template, and the upper and lower supports. Based on the concentricity, it is determined whether precise alignment is achieved in three-dimensional space. Step S3: Based on the design preload, assemble the spherical sliding pair with the vertical damping template and the upper and lower support plates to obtain the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. Apply a small-amplitude cyclic displacement excitation to the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain the initial starting friction force of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. Determine whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test based on the initial starting friction force. For the part of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing that fails the pre-test, determine the compensation shaping amount of the ball cup based on the initial starting friction force and perform secondary shaping adjustment. Step S4: Perform a bidirectional quasi-static test on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness, and calculate the comprehensive performance index. Determine whether the final performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing meets the standard based on the comprehensive performance index. Step S5: Under the condition that the performance does not meet the standard, the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is optimized according to the comparison results of any substandard parameter such as the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness, as well as the number of repairs performed and the preset number of repairs, so as to complete the assembly.

[0027] Specifically, this invention achieves proactive compensation for the implicit deformation of the ball cup caused by the assembly preload by predicting the elastic deformation of the ball cup before applying the design preload and generating a shaping mapping table for reverse pre-deformation surface grinding of the ball cup. This solves the technical problem that the actual starting friction force is much higher than the design value. By obtaining the starting friction force through pre-testing and establishing a mapping relationship between the friction force deviation rate and the shaping coefficient, secondary shaping is performed on unqualified supports based on the difference, achieving rapid and accurate correction of the starting friction force deviation. By obtaining the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness through bidirectional quasi-static testing and integrating and calculating the comprehensive performance index, multi-dimensional performance is quantified into a single index, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot systematically evaluate the bidirectional adaptive comprehensive performance of supports. By controlling the number of shaping operations, advanced compensation shaping is performed on supports that do not meet the macroscopic performance standards but whose shaping operations are within the safe range, while those that have reached the upper limit are scrapped, effectively avoiding performance degradation caused by excessive shaping of supports.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the spherical sliding pair includes a spherical crown, a spherical bowl, and a low-friction sliding layer fixedly disposed within the concave spherical surface of the spherical bowl; the spherical crown and the spherical bowl are made of high-strength alloy steel, such as 40CrNiMoA, and are manufactured by forging and CNC precision grinding, with a spherical surface profile error not exceeding 0.05mm; the low-friction sliding layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate with a thickness of 3-5mm and a molecular weight greater than 5 million.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the vertical damping template is a high-damping rubber-steel plate laminated bonding structure, which is used to provide vertical seismic isolation and energy dissipation capabilities. The rubber layer has a Shore hardness of 45 to 55 and a damping ratio of not less than 0.1.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the upper and lower support plates are an upper support plate and a lower support plate, both cast from Q345B steel plates. The upper and lower support plates are provided with threaded holes for connection with external structures, and the lower support plate is provided with a cavity for accurately accommodating and positioning the ball cup.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 As shown, it is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining whether the elastic deformation of the ball bowl is qualified based on the amount of elastic deformation.

[0032] Specifically, the design preload of the spherical seismic isolation bearing is obtained, and the axial stiffness of the upper and lower bearing plates due to the compression of the spherical crown and the ball cup is predicted. Based on the design preload and the axial stiffness, the elastic deformation of the ball cup under the compression state is calculated. The elastic deformation of the ball cup is then determined to be acceptable based on the comparison between the elastic deformation and the preset elastic deformation. If the elastic deformation is less than or equal to the preset elastic deformation, then the elastic deformation of the ball bowl is determined to be qualified. If the elastic deformation is greater than the preset elastic deformation, the elastic deformation of the spherical bowl is determined to be unqualified. The amount and position of the ideal spherical surface modification for the spherical bowl are determined, and the first modification is performed. In this embodiment of the invention, the axial stiffness characterizes the overall ability of the support to resist axial compressive deformation under the action of the design preload. The prediction process includes: firstly, establishing a digital model in finite element analysis software based on the actual three-dimensional geometric dimensions of the upper and lower support plates, the ball cup, and the spherical crown, and assigning the mechanical properties of real materials to each component, including the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio; then, simulating the actual assembly stress state on the digital model, that is, fixing the lower support plate, applying the design preload to the upper surface of the upper support plate, obtaining the vertical relative displacement of the upper support plate relative to the lower support plate under the action of the design preload, and finally calculating the ratio of the design preload to the relative displacement to obtain the axial stiffness.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the elastic deformation is the product of the relative displacement and the deformation distribution coefficient. The deformation distribution coefficient is obtained through pre-test calibration. The calibration process is as follows: a test prototype identical to the target support structure is fabricated. After applying the designed preload, the relative displacement of the support is measured simultaneously, and the normal elastic deformation of the key area of ​​the ball bowl is measured by a triaxial strain gauge attached to the key area of ​​the inner surface of the ball bowl. The maximum normal elastic deformation of the ball bowl measured in multiple tests is divided by the corresponding relative displacement, and the average value is taken as the deformation distribution coefficient, which is a positive number less than 1, representing the proportion of the radial deformation of the ball bowl in the relative displacement.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset elastic deformation amount ranges from 0.05mm to 0.15mm, and the preferred value is 0.1mm. The preferred range and preferred value can be determined according to the actual situation, and are not specifically limited here.

[0035] Specifically, under the condition that the elastic deformation of the ball cup is unqualified, the amount and position of the modification of the ideal spherical surface of the ball cup are determined, and the first modification is performed. The first modification process includes: firstly, obtaining the deformation cloud map of all points on the ball cup when the design preload is applied, obtained by finite element software analysis when predicting the axial stiffness. The deformation cloud map includes each coordinate point on the inner surface of the ball cup and the corresponding elastic deformation amount. The deformation cloud map is discretized on the inner surface of the ball cup according to a uniform point matrix to generate a deformation mapping table. The density of the uniform point matrix is ​​determined according to the required modification accuracy. The deformation mapping table includes the coordinates of several discrete points and the elastic deformation amounts corresponding to several discrete points. Based on the deformation mapping table... A shaping mapping table corresponding to the deformation mapping table is generated as a shaping instruction. The shaping mapping table includes the position coordinates of each discrete point and the grinding depth value to be ground. The grinding depth value is the product of the elastic deformation of the discrete point and the first shaping coefficient. The first shaping coefficient is a quantitative parameter used to fine-tune the compensation effect. Its value range is 0.8-1.2, which is determined through pre-process experiments or simulation optimization. In this invention, the preferred value is 1.0. Finally, the shaping mapping table is input into a five-axis CNC grinding machine. The grinding head is automatically driven to position and grind the ideal spherical surface of the ball cup according to each discrete point and the grinding depth value in sequence, so as to obtain a pre-deformed surface that matches the design preload under the opposite direction.

[0036] Specifically, after the initial shaping, the spherical sliding pair and the vertical damping template are pre-assembled and aligned within the upper and lower support plates. First, the outer edge of the spherical cup is precisely positioned and initially fixed within the corresponding cavity of the lower support plate. Then, the spherical crown is placed within the concave spherical surface of the spherical cup to form a complete spherical sliding pair. Next, the vertical damping module is placed above the spherical crown, ensuring that its bottom contacts the top of the spherical crown and that an appropriate gap is maintained between its outer edge and the upper and lower support plates, so that the vertical damping module can withstand vertical loads without hindering the horizontal sliding of the support. Finally, the upper support plate is placed on top of the vertical damping module, placing the entire support in a loosely pre-assembled state.

[0037] Specifically, the concentricity of the spherical sliding pair with the vertical damping template and the upper and lower support plates is obtained. Based on the comparison between the concentricity and a preset concentricity, it is determined whether precise alignment has been achieved in three-dimensional space, wherein: If the concentricity is less than or equal to the preset concentricity, then precise centering is determined to be achieved in three-dimensional space; If the concentricity is greater than the preset concentricity, it is determined that precise alignment has not been achieved in three-dimensional space. The position of the spherical sliding pair or the vertical damping module needs to be finely adjusted, and the concentricity needs to be re-acquired until precise alignment is achieved in three-dimensional space.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the concentricity is obtained by using a coordinate measuring machine. Specifically, the method of obtaining the concentricity is as follows: taking the common reference axis of the upper support plate and the lower support plate as a reference, the relative offset between the center of the spherical crown and the central axis of the vertical damping module in three-dimensional space is measured respectively. The relative offset is the concentricity.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset concentricity value ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, and the preferred value is 0.15 mm. The preferred range and preferred value can be determined according to the actual situation, and are not specifically limited here.

[0040] Specifically, this invention achieves predictive reverse surface grinding of the ball cup by obtaining a deformation cloud map of the ball cup before applying the preload, discretizing the deformation cloud map into a deformation mapping table containing discrete point coordinates and elastic deformation, and then generating a modification mapping table containing the grinding depth of each point based on the modification coefficient. This solves the problem of implicit elastic deformation of the ball cup caused by the assembly preload and the actual starting friction force far exceeding the design value. By pre-assembling the ball cup, spherical crown, vertical damping module, and upper and lower support plates in sequence, and using a coordinate measuring machine to measure the relative offset between the center of the spherical crown and the central axis of the damping module as a reference using the common reference axis of the upper and lower support plates, quantitative control of the spatial position of the core components is achieved, ensuring the geometric alignment accuracy of each component before the subsequent application of preload. By setting a preset value for concentricity and comparing it with the measured value, fine-tuning is performed on those that do not meet the standard until they are qualified, which can avoid uneven stress and performance dispersion in subsequent assembly due to initial alignment deviation.

[0041] Please see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test based on the initial starting friction force.

[0042] Specifically, under the condition of achieving precise alignment in three-dimensional space, the spherical sliding pair, the vertical damping template, and the upper and lower support plates are assembled based on the design preload to obtain an initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. A micro-amplitude cyclic displacement excitation is applied to the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain its initial starting friction force. The initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test based on the comparison between the initial starting friction force and the initial starting friction force threshold. Wherein: If the initial starting friction force is less than or equal to the initial starting friction force threshold, then the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is determined to have passed the pre-test. If the initial starting friction force is greater than the initial starting friction force threshold, it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has failed the pre-test. Based on the initial starting friction force, the compensation shaping amount of the ball cup is determined and a secondary shaping adjustment is performed. In this embodiment of the invention, the specific process of the pre-test is as follows: the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is fixed on the pre-test platform, which is equipped with a servo actuator that can apply a horizontal reciprocating thrust to the top of the bearing and a high-precision force sensor; during the test, the servo actuator is controlled to apply a horizontal unidirectional displacement or reciprocating displacement with a constant amplitude and extremely low speed to the bearing, the amplitude of which is much smaller than the design displacement of the bearing, so as to simulate the moment of starting the bearing from rest to sliding.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific process for obtaining the initial starting friction force is as follows: the force applied to the support by the servo actuator is continuously collected by the high-precision force sensor, and the displacement of the support is recorded simultaneously, thereby drawing a force-displacement curve; the starting friction force is the first peak force that appears on the force-displacement curve after each change in loading direction and before the support undergoes macroscopic sliding; the arithmetic mean of several starting friction forces measured in a preset number of consecutive cycles is taken as the initial starting friction force.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the arithmetic mean of the six starting friction forces measured in three consecutive complete loading cycles can be taken as the initial starting friction force of the support in the reciprocating test.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the initial starting friction threshold is determined based on the product of the design axial pressure of the support and the design friction coefficient of the low-friction material used in the spherical sliding pair; the design axial pressure is determined by the weight of the structure supported by the support, and the design friction coefficient is provided by the material supplier or measured by standard block sample testing; the value range is 110% to 130% of the product, and the preferred value in this invention is 120%. The preferred value range and preferred value can be determined according to the actual situation, and are not specifically limited here.

[0046] Specifically, for initial spherical isolation bearings that fail the pre-test, a secondary shaping adjustment is performed. The secondary shaping adjustment process is as follows: First, the ratio of the initial starting friction force to the initial starting friction force threshold is calculated to obtain the friction force deviation rate. Based on the friction force deviation rate and through a pre-calibrated correspondence, a second shaping coefficient greater than the first shaping coefficient is determined. Then, the difference between the second shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient is calculated to obtain the compensation shaping coefficient. Next, the deformation mapping table is called, and the compensation shaping coefficient is multiplied by the elastic deformation to obtain the compensation grinding depth required for several discrete points on the inner surface of the spherical bowl. A new secondary compensation shaping mapping table is generated. The secondary compensation shaping mapping table includes the position coordinates of each discrete point and the compensation grinding depth value required for compensation grinding. The secondary compensation mapping table is input into a five-axis CNC grinding machine, and the grinding head repositions and grinds the same inner surface of the spherical bowl. It is worth noting that this grinding only adds the compensation grinding depth value to each point on the basis of the original shaping, thereby achieving accurate shape correction and avoiding over-cutting.

[0047] The pre-calibrated correspondence involves preparing a set of ball-bowl samples with the same design, using multiple different shaping coefficients to perform initial shaping on the ball-bowl samples, and assembling and testing them to obtain a dataset containing the correspondence between the shaping coefficients and the initial starting friction force. By analyzing the dataset, the second shaping coefficient required to reduce the excessive initial starting friction force at different levels to the initial starting friction force threshold can be determined, and a quantitative relationship between the friction force deviation rate and the second shaping coefficient can be established.

[0048] Specifically, this invention applies a constant amplitude and extremely low speed micro-circular displacement excitation to the assembled initial support, and uses the force-displacement curve to extract the first peak force after the loading direction changes and before macroscopic sliding occurs as the initial starting friction force. This constructs a pre-testing method that can quickly and accurately quantify the static friction state of the sliding pair without damaging the support, solving the problem of the lag in traditional methods that require complete performance testing to detect abnormal starting friction force. By comparing the measured starting friction force with a threshold based on the product of the design axial pressure and the material's design friction coefficient, a clear quantitative judgment standard is established. For those exceeding the standard, a secondary shaping is triggered instead of direct scrapping, avoiding unnecessary cost waste. By pre-calibrating and establishing a quantitative mapping relationship between the friction force deviation rate and the second shaping coefficient, and calculating the difference between the second shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient to obtain the compensation shaping coefficient, and then calling the deformation mapping table to generate a secondary compensation shaping mapping table containing only the compensation grinding depth, incremental compensation grinding is achieved on the basis of the original shaping of the same ball cup. This accurately corrects the starting friction force deviation and avoids the problem of over-grinding caused by repeated calculations.

[0049] Specifically, a bidirectional quasi-static test is performed on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing that has passed the pre-test to obtain the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness, and to calculate the comprehensive performance index. Based on the comparison between the comprehensive performance index and the preset comprehensive performance index, it is determined whether the performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing meets the standards, wherein: If the comprehensive performance index is less than the preset comprehensive performance index, then the performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is determined to be substandard. If the comprehensive performance index is greater than or equal to the preset comprehensive performance index, then the performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is determined to meet the standard.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific process for obtaining the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness is as follows: The support is installed on a multifunctional structural testing machine capable of synchronous or alternating horizontal and vertical loading. First, a horizontal test is performed: Under a constant vertical design pressure, multiple consecutive cycles of increasing horizontal displacement are applied to the top of the support. This displacement sequence needs to cover the entire process of the support from elastic to plastic until the design displacement is reached; horizontal force and horizontal displacement data are synchronously collected by sensors, and a horizontal force-displacement relationship curve is plotted.

[0051] Specifically, the equivalent damping ratio is extracted from the hysteresis loop, and its specific value is proportional to the area enclosed by a single complete hysteresis loop; the post-yield stiffness is extracted from the same series of hysteresis loops, and is the average slope of the backbone line of the hysteresis curve formed by connecting the peak points of each hysteresis loop in the same direction after the support has experienced initial sliding and entered the stable sliding stage; the vertical compressive stiffness is obtained by applying vertical pressure to the support during vertical testing, recording the vertical force-deformation curve, and calculating the slope value of the linear segment of the vertical force-deformation curve.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive performance index is the weighted sum of the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness. The specific calculation process is as follows: the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness are divided by the standard equivalent damping ratio, the standard post-yield stiffness, and the standard vertical compressive stiffness, respectively, and then normalized to obtain the normalized equivalent damping ratio, the normalized post-yield stiffness, and the normalized vertical compressive stiffness. Finally, the weighted sum of the normalized equivalent damping ratio, the normalized post-yield stiffness, and the normalized vertical compressive stiffness is calculated to obtain the comprehensive performance index.

[0053] Specifically, the weighting coefficient for the normalized equivalent damping ratio is 0.3, the weighting coefficient for the normalized post-yield stiffness is 0.3, and the weighting coefficient for the normalized vertical compressive stiffness is 0.4.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset comprehensive performance index ranges from 0.9 to 1.0, and the preferred value is 0.95. The preferred range and preferred value can be determined according to the actual situation, and are not specifically limited here.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the standard equivalent damping ratio is the ideal energy dissipation percentage of the support determined by finite element software analysis, and the value of this invention is 15%.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the standard post-yield stiffness is a theoretical stiffness value derived from the radius of curvature of the spherical sliding pair and the design axial pressure of the support using the friction pendulum theory formula, that is, the ratio of the design axial pressure to the curvature sheet metal. The preferred value in this invention is 2000 kN / m.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the standard vertical compressive stiffness is the ideal vertical stiffness value of the support determined by calculation using material mechanics and elasticity theory based on the material hardness of the vertical damping module, such as rubber laminate, shape factor and structural dimensions. The preferred value in this invention is 19600 kN / m.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 As shown, it is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for determining the optimization of an initial spherical seismic isolation bearing that does not meet the performance standards based on the number of modification operations performed.

[0059] Specifically, under the condition that the performance is determined to be substandard, the number of times the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has been modified is obtained. Based on any substandard parameter of the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness, the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is optimized according to the comparison result of the number of modifications performed and the preset number of modifications, so as to complete the assembly.

[0060] Specifically, based on the fact that the equivalent damping ratio and / or the post-yield stiffness do not meet the requirements, the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is optimized according to the comparison between the number of modification operations performed and the preset number of modification operations, wherein: If the number of modification operations performed is less than the preset number of modification operations, then it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing will undergo advanced compensation modification. If the number of reshaping operations performed is greater than or equal to the preset number of reshaping operations, then the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is determined to be a defective product and is disassembled and scrapped.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset number of reshaping times is 2 times.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific process of advanced compensation shaping of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is as follows: First, the ratio of the equivalent damping ratio to the standard equivalent damping ratio is calculated to obtain the damping ratio deviation rate, and the ratio of the post-yield stiffness to the standard post-yield stiffness is calculated to obtain the stiffness deviation rate; the damping ratio deviation rate and the stiffness deviation rate are weighted and averaged according to preset performance weights to obtain a comprehensive performance deviation rate; based on the comprehensive performance deviation rate and through a pre-calibrated advanced mapping relationship, a target total shaping coefficient required to achieve the performance standard is determined; the difference between the target total shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient is calculated to obtain the advanced compensation shaping coefficient; then... The deformation mapping table is invoked, and the advanced compensation shaping coefficient is multiplied by the elastic deformation to obtain the advanced compensation grinding depth values ​​required for several discrete points on the inner surface of the ball bowl. A new advanced compensation shaping mapping table is generated, which includes the position coordinates of each discrete point and the advanced compensation grinding depth value required for compensation grinding. The advanced compensation shaping mapping table is input into a five-axis CNC grinding machine, and the grinding head repositions and grinds the same inner surface of the ball bowl. This grinding only adds the advanced compensation grinding depth value to each point on the basis of the original shaping, thereby achieving precise morphological correction for macroscopic mechanical properties.

[0063] The pre-calibrated advanced mapping relationship involves preparing a set of ball-and-bowl samples with the same design. After the initial shaping, multiple different compensation shaping coefficients are used to further shape the same ball-and-bowl, and then the samples are assembled for bidirectional quasi-static testing. This yields a dataset containing the correspondence between the compensation shaping coefficient, the equivalent damping ratio, and the post-yield stiffness. By analyzing this dataset, the advanced compensation shaping coefficients required to improve the equivalent damping ratio and post-yield stiffness to the qualified standard at different levels can be determined, and a quantitative relationship between the comprehensive performance deviation rate and the advanced compensation shaping coefficients can be established.

[0064] Specifically, if the vertical compressive stiffness does not meet the standard, the preload of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing will be released and disassembled, and a new vertical damping template that meets the standard vertical compressive stiffness will be directly replaced.

[0065] Specifically, this invention obtains the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness through bidirectional quasi-static testing, and calculates the comprehensive performance index using normalized weighted summation. This quantifies the multidimensional macroscopic mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical seismic isolation bearings into a single evaluation index, solving the problem of existing technologies being unable to uniformly quantify and evaluate the bidirectional adaptive comprehensive performance of bearings. By attributing substandard equivalent damping ratio and post-yield stiffness to problems with the sliding pair system, and substandard vertical compressive stiffness to problems with the damping module, for bearings with a safe number of reshaping operations but substandard performance due to sliding pair issues, the invention calculates the comprehensive performance deviation rate and applies it through a pre-calibrated advanced mapping mechanism. The system inverts the target total shaping coefficient and then calculates the difference between it and the initial shaping coefficient to obtain the advanced compensation shaping coefficient. A mapping table containing only the compensation grinding depth is generated for incremental grinding of the same ball cup, achieving precise compensation and correction of the equivalent damping ratio and post-yield stiffness. At the same time, those that have reached the upper limit of shaping are directly scrapped, which can effectively avoid the problem of performance degradation after product assembly caused by excessive shaping. For the optimized path of directly replacing the vertical damping module for the vertical compressive stiffness that does not meet the standard, it enables the fundamental differentiation and targeted optimization of horizontal and vertical seismic isolation performance at the manufacturing process level, solving the deep problem that traditional methods are difficult to systematically coordinate the bidirectional adaptive performance of the support.

[0066] Please see Figure 5 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Specifically, the present invention provides a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing, comprising an upper support plate 1 and a lower support plate 2, and further comprising: The spherical sliding pair includes a ball cup 4 disposed in the cavity of the lower support plate 2, a ball crown 3 disposed in the concave spherical surface of the ball cup 4, and a low-friction sliding layer 5 fixedly disposed in the concave spherical surface of the ball cup 4; Vertical damping template 9 is installed on the upper part of the spherical crown 3 to bear vertical loads.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2 are connected by shear bolts 6.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the upper support plate 1 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 7 for connection with the building.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, the spherical crown 3 further includes an anti-wear layer 8 disposed on the outer layer of the spherical crown.

[0071] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Provide the spherical sliding pair and vertical damping template of the spherical seismic isolation bearing, as well as the upper and lower support plates. Obtain the design preload of the spherical seismic isolation bearing and predict the axial stiffness of the upper and lower support plates due to the compression of the spherical crown and the spherical cup. Calculate the elastic deformation of the spherical cup under the compression state based on the design preload and the axial stiffness. Determine whether the elastic deformation of the spherical cup is qualified based on the elastic deformation. If it is unqualified, determine the ideal spherical surface of the spherical cup to be adjusted for the first time based on the elastic deformation. The initial shaping adjustment includes: obtaining a deformation cloud map of all points on the ball cup when the design preload is applied to the support; The deformation cloud map is discretized, and the coordinates of several discrete points on the inner surface of the ball bowl and the elastic deformation corresponding to several discrete points are obtained to generate a deformation mapping table. The grinding depth value is obtained by multiplying the elastic deformation amount by the first shaping coefficient; Generate a shape modification mapping table by generating the position coordinates of each discrete point and the grinding depth value to be ground. Based on the shaping mapping table, the ideal spherical surface of the ball bowl is positioned and ground to the corresponding depth value according to each discrete point and the grinding depth value. The first shaping coefficient is a quantitative parameter used to fine-tune the compensation effect, and its value ranges from 0.8 to 1.

2. Step S2: After the initial shaping, the spherical sliding pair and the vertical damping module are pre-assembled and aligned within the upper and lower support plates to obtain the concentricity of the spherical sliding pair, the vertical damping template, and the upper and lower supports. Based on the concentricity, it is determined whether precise alignment is achieved in three-dimensional space. Step S3: Based on the design preload, assemble the spherical sliding pair with the vertical damping template and the upper and lower support plates to obtain the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. Apply a small-amplitude cyclic displacement excitation to the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain the initial starting friction force of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. Determine whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test based on the initial starting friction force. For the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing that fails the pre-test, determine the compensation shaping amount of the ball cup based on the initial starting friction force and perform secondary shaping adjustment. The secondary shaping adjustment includes: calculating the ratio of the initial starting friction force to the initial starting friction force threshold to obtain the friction force deviation rate; The second shaping coefficient is determined based on the frictional deviation rate; The compensation shaping coefficient is calculated based on the second shaping coefficient and the first shaping coefficient; The compensation shaping coefficient is multiplied by the elastic deformation to obtain the compensation grinding depth value; Generate a secondary compensation shaping mapping table that includes the position coordinates of each discrete point and the compensation grinding depth value that needs to be compensated. Based on the aforementioned secondary compensation and shaping mapping table, the same spherical bowl inner surface is repositioned and compensated for grinding. Step S4: Perform a bidirectional quasi-static test on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing to obtain the equivalent damping ratio, post-yield stiffness, and vertical compressive stiffness, and calculate the comprehensive performance index. Determine whether the final performance of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing meets the standard based on the comprehensive performance index. Step S5: Under the condition that the performance does not meet the standard, the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is optimized according to the comparison results of any substandard parameter such as the equivalent damping ratio, the post-yield stiffness, and the vertical compressive stiffness, as well as the number of repairs performed and the preset number of repairs, so as to complete the assembly.

2. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: The elastic deformation amount is compared with the preset elastic deformation amount; The elastic deformation of the ball bowl is determined to be unqualified based on the fact that the elastic deformation amount is greater than the preset elastic deformation amount.

3. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining whether the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing passes the pre-test includes: The initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is fixed on the pre-test platform; A horizontal unidirectional displacement or reciprocating displacement with constant amplitude and extremely low velocity is applied to the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing. The displacement is recorded synchronously, a force-displacement curve is plotted, and the peak force is obtained as the starting friction force. The arithmetic mean of several starting friction forces measured in a preset number of consecutive cycles is taken as the initial starting friction force; The initial starting friction force is compared with the initial starting friction force threshold. Based on the fact that the initial starting friction force is greater than the initial starting friction force threshold, it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing has failed the pre-test.

4. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: The comprehensive performance index is compared with the preset comprehensive performance index; The initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is deemed to have substandard performance based on the fact that the comprehensive performance index is less than the preset comprehensive performance index.

5. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S5 further includes: Obtain the number of modification operations performed on the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing due to the substandard equivalent damping ratio and / or the substandard post-yield stiffness; Compare the number of reshaping operations performed with the preset number of reshaping operations; Based on the fact that the number of reshaping operations performed is less than the preset number of reshaping operations, it is determined that the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing will undergo advanced compensation reshaping.

6. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S5 further includes: Based on the fact that the vertical compressive stiffness does not meet the standard, the preload of the initial spherical seismic isolation bearing is released and it is disassembled, and a new vertical damping template that meets the standard vertical compressive stiffness is directly replaced.

7. The method for preparing a bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The advanced compensation reshaping process includes: Obtain the damping ratio deviation rate and stiffness deviation rate; The overall performance deviation rate is obtained based on the damping ratio deviation rate and the stiffness deviation rate; The target total shaping coefficient is determined based on the overall performance deviation rate. The difference between the target total shaping factor and the first shaping factor is calculated to obtain the advanced compensation shaping factor; The advanced compensation grinding depth value is obtained by multiplying the advanced compensation shaping coefficient by the elastic deformation amount. Generate an advanced compensation shaping mapping table that includes the position coordinates of each of the discrete points and the advanced compensation grinding depth values ​​that need to be compensated for grinding. Based on the advanced compensation shaping mapping table, the same ball bowl inner surface is repositioned and subjected to advanced compensation grinding.

8. A bidirectional adaptive spherical seismic isolation bearing obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising an upper support plate and a lower support plate, characterized in that, Also includes: A spherical sliding pair includes a spherical cup disposed in the cavity of the lower support plate, a spherical crown disposed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical cup, and a low-friction sliding layer fixedly disposed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical cup; A vertical damping template, which is installed on the upper part of the spherical crown, is used to bear vertical loads.

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