Urban landscape water body purification device based on ceramic filter material

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water body purification devices, and particularly discloses a city landscape water body purification device based on ceramic filter materials, which comprises a shell, a central pipe, a filtering mechanism and a backwashing mechanism; the central pipe is fixedly arranged in the shell in the axial direction of the shell; the upper and lower ends of the central pipe are both provided with openings, and the inner wall is provided with a friction element; the filtering mechanism comprises a filter cartridge, a movable sleeve and a driving element; a through hole is formed in the side wall of the filter cartridge; the movable sleeve is controlled by the driving element to reciprocatingly slide in the axial direction of the filter cartridge so as to close or open the through hole, thereby realizing the switching of the purification working condition and the backwashing working condition; the backwashing mechanism is used for introducing a pressure water flow into the central pipe, driving the ceramic filter material into the central pipe and colliding and rubbing against the friction element; the application solves the problems of incomplete backwashing and easy inactivation of the filter material in landscape water treatment, realizes the double cleaning of the filter material and the filter cartridge, improves the filter material regeneration efficiency and the purification capacity of the device, and has the advantages of high regeneration efficiency, strong self-cleaning capacity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water purification device technology, specifically to an urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media. Background Technology

[0002] Urban landscape water bodies are an important component of the urban ecology and living environment, serving functions such as aesthetic appreciation, recreation, and microclimate regulation. Because landscape water bodies are often stagnant or slow-flowing, their self-purification capacity is weak, making them prone to problems such as algal blooms, suspended solids accumulation, organic matter enrichment, and decreased transparency. Therefore, purification devices are needed to maintain water quality stability. Currently, biological filtration using porous ceramic filter media is the main technical method for landscape water treatment. Ceramic filter media, due to its large specific surface area, high chemical stability, and rapid biofilm formation, exhibits excellent performance in suspended solids retention and organic matter degradation. Chinese patent document CN208562015U discloses a water purification device, comprising a main body with an inlet and an outlet, a central tube disposed within the main body and connected to the inlet at one end, an electrolytic packing column disposed within the central tube, a spiral oscillator disposed between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the main body, and a bioceramic filter media layer disposed within the main body adjacent to the spiral oscillator and disposed between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the main body. During treatment, the electrolytic packing column effectively filters and traps large particulate suspended solids in the water, and decomposes large, difficult-to-degrade pollutants in the water into smaller, easily eliminated substances through micro-electrolysis. The bioceramic filter media layer effectively adsorbs and removes pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and heavy metals from the water, improving wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0003] Although the above-mentioned devices have a certain purification effect, they still have obvious defects in the long-term operation of urban landscape water bodies: First, the surface and internal micropores of ceramic filter media are easily blocked by algae and biofilms. The traditional hydraulic backwashing is not strong enough to completely remove the stubborn scale in the micropores, resulting in rapid deactivation of the filter media; Second, the ceramic filter media itself has a high density and is prone to accumulating and compacting at the bottom of the equipment during static operation, which leads to difficulties in starting backwashing, poor circulation of filter media, and even pipe blockage, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable purification needs of landscape water bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media, aiming to solve the problems of incomplete cleaning of ceramic filter media and the inability to effectively circulate the filter media due to accumulation at the bottom in related technologies.

[0005] A city landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media includes a shell, with an inlet at the lower end and an outlet at the upper end, and also includes a central pipe, a filtration mechanism and a backwashing mechanism disposed within the shell. The central tube is fixedly installed inside the housing along the axial direction of the housing. Both the upper and lower ends of the central tube are open, and friction components are provided on the inner wall of the central tube. The filtration mechanism includes a filter cylinder fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the central tube, and a movable sleeve slidably sleeved on the outer side of the filter cylinder. A filling cavity for filling ceramic filter media is formed between the filter cylinder and the central tube. Multiple through holes are opened on the side wall of the filter cylinder. The movable sleeve is connected to a driving component that drives it to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the filter cylinder. The switching between purification mode and backwashing mode is realized by covering or exposing the through holes through the movable sleeve. An annular cavity is formed between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. A sewage outlet communicating with the annular cavity is opened on the side wall of the shell. The backwashing mechanism is used to introduce pressurized water into the central tube during backwashing to guide the ceramic filter media in the filling chamber into the interior of the central tube.

[0006] Its effectiveness lies in the following: By integrating the filtration and backwashing mechanisms within the housing, efficient coordination between filtration and backwashing modes is achieved during landscape water treatment. First, the reciprocating sliding of the movable sleeve is controlled by a drive mechanism, precisely controlling the coverage or exposure of the through-holes through physical displacement, enabling rapid switching between purification and backwashing modes. Second, during backwashing, pressurized water is introduced into the central tube, driving the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the filling chamber into the central tube. As the ceramic filter media rises, it undergoes high-frequency non-rigid collisions and rubbing against friction components on the inner wall of the central tube, using mechanical friction to thoroughly remove stubborn biofilm and algae deposits deep within the ceramic micropores. Finally, the movable sleeve and the housing form an annular cavity with a wastewater outlet, allowing backwash wastewater to be directly discharged, preventing the mixing of post-wash wastewater with the filter media, achieving simultaneous washing and cleaning, and comprehensively improving the purification efficiency of the ceramic filter media and the durability of the device.

[0007] Preferably, a funnel-shaped guide plate is installed between the water inlet and the bottom of the filter cartridge. The smaller end of the guide plate connects to the water inlet, and the larger end connects to the bottom periphery of the filter cartridge. Both the upper and lower ends of the filter cartridge are densely covered with material distribution holes. The material distribution holes on the lower end are used for preliminary filtration of the landscape water and to guide the filtered landscape water to diffuse evenly into the filling cavity. The effects are: the funnel-shaped guide plate can evenly guide the landscape water entering the housing to the bottom of the filter cartridge, and together with the material distribution holes at the lower end of the filter cartridge, the landscape water diffuses evenly into the filling cavity, avoiding localized water flow impact that could cause filter media stratification, thus improving filtration uniformity; the material distribution holes can also initially intercept large particles of impurities, reducing the load on the ceramic filter media and extending its service life.

[0008] Preferably, the friction element includes multiple elastic rubber plates, which are staggered along the axial direction of the central tube on the inner wall of the central tube. The elastic rubber plates are used to generate non-rigid collision friction with the upwardly moving ceramic filter media. The effect is that the staggered arrangement of the elastic rubber plates along the axial direction of the central tube forms non-rigid collision friction with the rising filter media, which can effectively remove impurities from the micropores while avoiding rigid impact damage to the ceramic filter media, protecting the integrity of the filter media structure, and improving cleaning cleanliness.

[0009] Preferably, the backwashing mechanism includes a backwashing pipe. The lower end of the backwashing pipe is sealed and penetrates the bottom of the housing, while the upper end penetrates the bottom wall of the filter cartridge and extends into the center of the lower opening of the central tube. The backwashing pipe injects pressurized water upwards, causing the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the packing chamber to enter the central tube through the lower opening. The effect is that the upward-sprayed pressurized water creates a localized low-pressure suction zone at the bottom of the central tube, actively guiding the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the packing chamber into the central tube in an orderly manner, ensuring the continuity and stability of the backwashing cycle.

[0010] Preferably, a sludge collection cylinder is installed between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. The sludge collection cylinder divides the annular cavity between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell into an inner sludge collection chamber and an outer wastewater chamber. The wall of the sludge collection cylinder is provided with filter holes. During backwashing, the sludge collection cylinder is used to intercept impurities in the sludge collection chamber through the filter holes, and to allow wastewater to pass through the filter holes into the wastewater chamber before being discharged from the wastewater outlet. The advantages are: during backwashing, the sludge collection cylinder divides the annular cavity into a sludge collection chamber and a wastewater chamber, using the filter holes to intercept impurities and allow wastewater to pass through, achieving rapid separation of wastewater and impurities during backwashing. Wastewater can be recycled, reducing water consumption, and simultaneously preventing impurities from clogging subsequent pipelines.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the sludge collection chamber is open and connected to the bottom of the housing to form a sludge discharge channel. This channel guides impurities trapped in the sludge collection chamber to settle to the bottom of the housing under gravity. The bottom of the housing is provided with a drain outlet for discharging the deposited impurities. The advantages are: the open bottom of the sludge collection chamber ensures that the trapped impurities can fall unimpeded along the sludge discharge channel to the bottom of the housing, and the drain outlet allows for periodic centralized discharge without requiring shutdown for disassembly and cleaning.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the ceramic filter material filling the filling cavity is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the side wall of the filter cartridge and the diameter of the material distribution hole on the upper and lower end faces of the filter cartridge, respectively, to prevent the ceramic filter material in the filling cavity from leaking out. The diameter of the through hole on the side wall of the filter cartridge is larger than the diameter of the filter hole on the wall of the collection cylinder, so as to guide the impurities that fall off during the backwashing operation to pass through the through hole and be intercepted in the collection cavity.

[0013] Preferably, an annular scraper is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve. The annular scraper abuts against the outer wall surface of the filter cartridge. The annular scraper is used to mechanically clean the outer wall surface of the filter cartridge as the movable sleeve slides along the axial direction of the filter cartridge. The effect is that when the movable sleeve slides, the annular scraper simultaneously cleans the outer wall of the filter cartridge, removing the biofilm and dirt attached to the surface, avoiding clogging of the through holes, ensuring smooth water flow during backwashing, and improving the operational stability of the device.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the central tube is gradually inclined outward from top to bottom along its axial direction to form a funnel-shaped opening. An annular suction gap is formed between the funnel-shaped opening and the lower end face of the filter cartridge, which, in conjunction with the backwash pipe, guides the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the filling chamber towards the center of the central tube and into its interior. The effect is that the expanded diameter structure of the funnel-shaped opening increases the suction coverage area of ​​the bottom filter media, and, combined with the thrust of the backwash pipe, guides the surrounding filter media towards the central axis, improving the filter media entry efficiency and preventing localized accumulation.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom wall of the filter cartridge is inclined downwards from the outside to the inside along its radial direction to form a guiding slope that converges towards the center. This guides the ceramic filter media in the filling chamber to slide towards the lower opening of the central tube under the action of gravity. The effect is that the guiding slope on the bottom wall of the filter cartridge, which slopes towards the center, utilizes gravity to assist the ceramic filter media in sliding towards the lower end of the central tube, further solving the problem of filter media accumulation and compaction at the bottom, and ensuring smooth circulation of the filter media during backwashing.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention is equipped with a filtration mechanism that uses a driving component to control the reciprocating sliding of the movable sleeve. The opening and closing of the filter cartridge through the physical displacement is precisely controlled to achieve rapid switching between purification and backwashing modes. In purification mode, the movable sleeve closes the through holes, and landscape water stably passes through the ceramic filter media to complete physical filtration and biodegradation. In backwashing mode, the movable sleeve opens the through holes, and sewage and impurities are quickly discharged through the sewage outlet, improving the purification efficiency of the ceramic filter media and the durability of the device.

[0017] 2. This invention is equipped with a backwashing mechanism and friction components. During backwashing, pressurized water flows from bottom to top, carrying the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the filling chamber into the central tube. The media undergoes non-rigid collision and repeated rubbing with the friction components on the inner wall of the central tube, powerfully removing algae, biofilm, and stubborn impurities from the micropores of the ceramic filter media. At the same time, the ceramic filter media continuously impacts the inner wall of the filter cartridge during its fall, achieving dual cleaning of the filter media and the filter cartridge, significantly improving the regeneration efficiency of the filter media and the purification capacity of the device.

[0018] 3. The present invention is equipped with a sludge collection cylinder, which divides the annular cavity into a sludge collection chamber and a sewage chamber. The filter holes on the sludge collection cylinder are used to separate sewage and impurities during backwashing. The detached solid impurities are intercepted in the sludge collection chamber, while the sewage passes through the filter holes into the sewage chamber and is discharged from the sewage outlet. The lower end of the sludge collection chamber is open to form a sludge discharge channel, so that the impurities in the sludge collection chamber automatically settle to the bottom of the shell under the action of gravity. This, together with the sewage outlet, enables regular centralized cleaning, improving the environmental protection and operating economy of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of the present invention in purification mode.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filter mechanism of the present invention in the backwashing condition.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention cut along its longitudinal direction.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the central tube and the filter mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the filtration mechanism and the backwashing mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label: 1. Shell; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet; 13. Sewage outlet; 14. Drain outlet; 2. Central pipe; 21. Elastic rubber plate; 31. Filter cartridge; 311. Through hole; 312. Material distribution hole; 32. Movable sleeve; 33. Guide plate; 34. Sludge collection cylinder; 4. Backwash pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media includes a shell 1, a central tube 2, a filtration mechanism, a backwashing mechanism, and a sludge collection and separation mechanism.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 is made of rolled and welded stainless steel sheet with uniform wall thickness and a polished surface to reduce water flow resistance and impurity adhesion. It possesses excellent corrosion resistance and structural rigidity, making it suitable for long-term outdoor operation. The housing 1 has a vertical cylindrical structure with support feet at the bottom to ensure stable installation. A removable sealing end cap is located at the top for internal maintenance, filter media replenishment, and component replacement. An inlet 11 is located at the lower end of the housing 1 for the purified landscape water to enter the device; an outlet 12 is located at the upper end for the purified water to be discharged. All pipe openings are equipped with flanges for easy connection to external pipelines and are equipped with electrically controlled valves for automated opening and closing.

[0031] like Figures 3-7 As shown, the central tube 2 is vertically arranged inside the housing 1 along the central axis of the housing 1. The central tube 2 is made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and high-temperature-resistant material, and is a circular straight tube with openings at both the top and bottom. Friction components are installed on the inner wall of the central tube 2, preferably elastic rubber plates 21 in this embodiment. Multiple elastic rubber plates 21 are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the central tube 2 to form a continuous rubbing area. The elastic rubber plates 21 are made of highly elastic, wear-resistant, and anti-aging material. When they generate non-rigid collision friction with the ceramic filter media, they can strongly peel off algae, biofilms, and stubborn impurities in the micropores of the filter media without causing rigid impact damage to the ceramic filter media, thus protecting the integrity of the filter media structure and extending its service life.

[0032] like Figures 3-8 As shown, the filtration mechanism comprises three parts: a filter cartridge 31, a movable sleeve 32, and a driving component. The filter cartridge 31 is a fixedly installed cylindrical structure, coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the central tube 2, forming an annular filling cavity with the central tube 2. The filling cavity is filled with approximately two-thirds porous ceramic filter media. The ceramic filter media uses high-strength ceramic granules with uniform particle size and high porosity, possessing both physical interception and biodegradation functions. Multiple through holes 311 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the filter cartridge 31. The diameter of the through holes 311 is smaller than the particle size of the ceramic filter media, ensuring that the filter media does not leak out while allowing water and fine impurities to pass through. Both the upper and lower end faces of the filter cartridge 31 are densely covered with distribution holes 312, the size of which is also smaller than the particle size of the ceramic filter media. The lower end face of the filter media 312 provides initial filtration of the landscape water entering the device, intercepting larger particles of impurities, reducing the load on the ceramic filter media, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, it evenly distributes the landscape water into the filling chamber, preventing localized flow deviation, filter media stratification, or water flow short-circuiting, thus improving filtration uniformity and purification efficiency. The upper end face of the filter media 312 ensures that the purified water flows smoothly upwards, while also providing secondary interception of fine impurities and filter media debris that detach from the filling chamber, preventing impurities from entering the outlet 12 with the purified water, further enhancing the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0033] The movable sleeve 32 is coaxially slidably fitted onto the outer side of the filter cartridge 31. It has a smooth cylindrical structure, and the cylinder wall is formed by interlacing multiple axially extending strip ribs and circumferentially distributed annular ribs. The ribs form regularly arranged hollow areas, the positions of which correspond to the through holes 311 on the side wall of the filter cartridge 31, thereby controlling the coverage or exposure of the through holes 311 and enabling rapid switching between purification and backwashing modes. The movable sleeve 32 is connected to a drive unit (not shown in the figure). The drive unit is a waterproof electric push rod, which is installed on the top inner side of the housing 1. The output end is vertically downward and connected to the upper end of the movable sleeve 32. It is automatically controlled by the control system to drive the movable sleeve 32 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the filter cartridge 31. The inner wall of the movable sleeve 32 and the outer wall of the filter cartridge 31 maintain a sliding seal fit, without jamming or leakage. When the movable sleeve 32 slides to its highest position, its strip-shaped ribs completely cover all the through holes 311 on the filter cylinder 31, blocking the lateral outflow of water. This forces the landscape water to pass through the ceramic filter media layer in the filling cavity to complete physical filtration and biodegradation, and then discharge from the outlet 12 at the top of the shell 1. When the movable sleeve 32 slides to its lowest position, its hollow area is completely aligned with the through holes 311 on the filter cylinder 31, making all the through holes 311 fully exposed. This provides a smooth lateral discharge channel for backwash wastewater and impurities, ensuring smooth backwash water flow. An annular cavity is formed between the movable sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the shell 1. A wastewater outlet 13 communicating with the annular cavity is provided on the side wall of the shell 1 for discharging backwash wastewater.

[0034] like Figures 3-6 As shown, to ensure uniform water intake, smooth flow, and no dead zones, a funnel-shaped guide plate 33 is installed between the inlet 11 and the bottom of the filter cartridge 31. The small end of the guide plate 33 is sealed to the inlet 11, and the large end is sealed to the bottom periphery of the filter cartridge 31, forming a gradually expanding water flow channel. After the landscape water enters from the inlet 11, it is evenly diffused under the action of the guide plate 33, avoiding direct water flow that could cause fluidization, localized flow deviation, or caking of the filter media. Then, it enters the filling chamber evenly through the densely distributed material distribution holes 312 at the lower end of the filter cartridge 31, improving the utilization rate of the filter media and the purification stability.

[0035] like Figures 3-7As shown, the backwashing mechanism is used to introduce pressurized water into the central tube 2 during backwashing, driving the ceramic filter media deposited at the bottom of the filling chamber into the interior of the central tube 2, thus achieving the circulation and cleaning of the filter media. The backwashing mechanism mainly includes a backwashing pipe 4, the lower end of which is sealed and penetrates the bottom of the housing 1, and the upper end penetrates the bottom wall of the filter cylinder 31 and extends into the center of the lower opening of the central tube 2. The pipe opening is vertically upward to ensure that the water flow directly into the interior of the central tube 2. A pressurized water pump is connected to the backwashing pipe 4. During backwashing, the water pump starts and pressurizes the clean water or purified effluent and sends it into the backwashing pipe 4. The water flows out at high speed from bottom to top, forming a strong suction at the lower end of the central tube 2, which carries the ceramic filter media accumulated at the bottom of the filling chamber into the interior of the central tube 2. During the upward movement of the filter media, it repeatedly collides, rubs, and shears against the elastic rubber plates 21 arranged in an alternating pattern on the inner wall of the central tube 2, and the algae, biofilm, and stubborn impurities deep in the micropores of the filter media are forcefully peeled off. After the mixture is thrown out from the opening at the top of the central tube 2, the ceramic filter media, due to its larger particle size than the through hole 311 on the side wall of the filter cylinder 31, is blocked and falls back into the filling chamber; while impurities and sewage pass through the through hole 311 of the filter cylinder 31 and enter the outer annular cavity, achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation. At the same time, the ceramic filter media continuously impacts the inner wall of the filter cylinder 31 during its fall, assisting in cleaning the filter cylinder 31 and achieving dual cleaning of the filter media and the filter cylinder 31.

[0036] Furthermore, an annular scraper (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 32. The annular scraper is made of elastic and wear-resistant rubber and is continuously arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the movable sleeve 32, making tight contact with the outer wall of the filter cartridge 31. When the movable sleeve 32 slides along the axial direction of the filter cartridge 31, the annular scraper simultaneously performs mechanical cleaning on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 31, scraping off the attached biofilm, algae, slime and other impurities, preventing the through holes 311 from becoming blocked, ensuring smooth water flow, and improving the operational stability and service life of the device.

[0037] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the lower end of the central tube 2 gradually expands outward from top to bottom along the axial direction, thus forming a funnel-shaped opening and expanding the filter media suction range. The funnel-shaped opening and the lower end face of the filter cartridge 31 form an annular suction gap. Combined with the high-pressure water flow sprayed from the backwash pipe 4, it efficiently guides the ceramic filter media accumulated at the bottom of the filling chamber to converge towards the center and smoothly enter the interior of the central tube 2, fundamentally solving the problems of filter media accumulation at the bottom and difficulty in feeding.

[0038] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the filter cartridge 31 is inclined downwards radially from the outside to the inside, forming a guiding slope that converges towards the center. Gravity helps the ceramic filter media slide towards the lower opening of the central tube 2, further reducing the dead corners at the bottom and improving the filter media circulation efficiency during backwashing.

[0039] like Figures 3-8As shown, the sludge collection and separation mechanism includes a sludge collection cylinder 34. The sludge collection cylinder 34 is fixedly installed between the movable sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the housing 1, dividing the annular cavity into an inner sludge collection chamber and an outer wastewater chamber. The wall surface of the sludge collection cylinder 34 is provided with fine filter holes, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the through holes 311 on the side wall of the filter cylinder 31. This effectively intercepts solid pollutants such as algae, flocculent impurities, and filter media debris, while allowing clean water and dissolved substances to pass through. During backwashing, wastewater and detached impurities enter the annular cavity through the through holes 311. Solid impurities are intercepted by the sludge collection cylinder 34 inside the sludge collection chamber, while wastewater passes through the filter holes into the wastewater chamber and is discharged through the wastewater outlet 13 on the side wall of the housing 1. This achieves the separation of wastewater and impurities. The backwash wastewater can be recycled to the pretreatment unit for reuse, significantly reducing water consumption and improving the environmental friendliness and operational economy of the device.

[0040] Furthermore, the bottom of the sludge collection chamber is open and connected to the bottom of the housing 1, forming a sludge discharge channel. Impurities trapped in the sludge collection chamber automatically settle to the bottom of the housing 1 under gravity, forming a sediment layer at the bottom after long-term operation. A drain port 14 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1. After the equipment has been used for a period of time, the drain port 14 can be opened to allow water flow to completely discharge the deposited impurities without the need for shutdown and disassembly for cleaning, simplifying the maintenance process.

[0041] Based on the above-described device, the working process and working principle of the present invention are as follows: S1. Normal purification operation: Inlet 11 and outlet 12 are open, while backwash pipe 4, sewage outlet 13, and drain outlet 14 are closed. The movable sleeve 32 is moved upwards via the drive mechanism, sealing the through hole 311 on the side wall of filter cylinder 31. The landscape water to be purified enters the interior of the shell 1 through inlet 11, is evenly diffused by the trumpet-shaped guide plate 33, and evenly enters the filling cavity through the material distribution hole 312 at the lower end of filter cylinder 31. The water passes through the ceramic filter media layer from top to bottom. Under the dual action of physical interception and biofilm degradation, pollutants such as suspended solids, algae, biofilm, and filter media debris are effectively removed. The purified water passes through the material distribution hole 312 on the upper surface of filter cylinder 31 and collects at the top outlet 12 for discharge, then flows back to the landscape water body to maintain water clarity and ecological balance.

[0042] S2, Dynamic Backwashing Condition: Inlet 11 and outlet 12 are closed, backwash pipe 4 and wastewater outlet 13 are open; the movable sleeve 32 is lowered by the drive component, exposing the through hole 311 on the side wall of the filter cartridge 31. The backwash water pump starts, and pressurized water is sprayed upward at high speed from the backwash pipe 4, carrying the ceramic filter media accumulated at the bottom of the filling chamber into the interior of the central tube 2. During the upward process, the filter media repeatedly collides and rubs against the elastic rubber plate 21 on the inner wall of the central tube 2, and algae, biofilm and stubborn impurities in the micropores of the filter media are strongly stripped off. The mixture is thrown out from the upper end of the central tube 2. The ceramic filter media, due to its large particle size, is blocked by the filter cartridge 31 and falls back into the filling chamber, and impacts the inner wall of the filter cartridge 31 during the fall, completing the double cleaning of the filter media and the filter cartridge 31, solving the problems of incomplete cleaning and filter media accumulation. Impurities and wastewater pass through the through holes 311 on the side wall of the filter cylinder 31 and enter the annular cavity. Solid impurities are intercepted in the collection chamber by the collection cylinder 34, and wastewater passes through the filter holes on the collection cylinder 34 and enters the wastewater chamber and is discharged from the wastewater outlet 13.

[0043] S3. Bottom Sewage Discharge Mode: Impurities intercepted in the collection chamber automatically settle to the bottom of the shell 1 under gravity along the sewage discharge channel, forming a sediment layer at the bottom after long-term operation. After a period of use, at the end of a backwash cycle, the sewage outlet 13 can be closed and the drain outlet 14 opened, allowing clean water to continue flowing through the backwash pipe 4. The water flow will then thoroughly discharge the impurities deposited at the bottom of the shell 1 from the drain outlet 14. After the sewage discharge is completed, the drain outlet 14 is closed, and the movable sleeve 32 is moved upwards via the drive mechanism to reseal the through hole 311 on the side wall of the filter cartridge 31. The device automatically returns to normal purification mode, continuing to efficiently and stably purify the landscape water.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water purification device for urban landscapes based on ceramic filter media, comprising a shell, an inlet at the lower end of the shell, and an outlet at the upper end, characterized in that, It also includes a central tube, a filter mechanism and a backwashing mechanism disposed within the housing; the central tube is fixedly disposed inside the housing along the axial direction of the housing, with openings at both the upper and lower ends of the central tube, and friction components are disposed on the inner wall of the central tube; The filtration mechanism includes a filter cylinder fixedly sleeved around the outer periphery of the central tube, and a movable sleeve slidably sleeved around the outer side of the filter cylinder. A filling cavity for filling ceramic filter media is formed between the filter cylinder and the central tube. Multiple through holes are opened on the side wall of the filter cylinder. The movable sleeve is connected to a driving component that drives it to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the filter cylinder. The switching between purification mode and backwashing mode is achieved by covering or exposing the through holes through the movable sleeve. An annular cavity is formed between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. A sewage outlet communicating with the annular cavity is opened on the side wall of the shell. A trumpet-shaped guide plate is set between the water inlet and the bottom of the filter cylinder. The small end of the guide plate is connected to the water inlet, and the large end is connected to the bottom periphery of the filter cylinder. Both the upper and lower end faces of the filter cylinder are densely covered with material distribution holes. The material distribution holes on the lower end face are used for preliminary filtration of landscape water and guide the filtered landscape water to diffuse evenly into the filling cavity. The material distribution holes on the upper end face are used for the purified water to flow out and for secondary interception of impurities. A sludge collection cylinder is installed between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. The sludge collection cylinder divides the annular cavity between the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the shell into a sludge collection chamber located on the inner side and a sewage chamber located on the outer side. The wall surface of the sludge collection cylinder is provided with filter holes. The sludge collection cylinder is used to intercept impurities in the sludge collection chamber through the filter holes during backwashing, and to allow sewage to pass through the filter holes into the sewage chamber and then be discharged from the sewage outlet. The particle size of the ceramic filter media filling the filling cavity is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the side wall of the filter cartridge and the diameter of the material distribution hole on the upper and lower end faces of the filter cartridge, respectively, to prevent the ceramic filter media in the filling cavity from leaking out. The diameter of the through hole on the side wall of the filter cartridge is larger than the diameter of the filter hole on the wall of the collection cylinder, so as to guide the impurities that fall off during the backwashing operation to pass through the through hole and be intercepted in the collection cavity. The backwashing mechanism is used to introduce pressurized water into the central tube during backwashing to guide the ceramic filter media in the filling chamber into the central tube. The backwashing mechanism includes a backwashing pipe, the lower end of which is sealed through the bottom of the housing, and the upper end of which penetrates the bottom wall of the filter cartridge and extends into the center of the lower opening of the central tube. By injecting pressurized water upward, the backwashing pipe drives the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the filling chamber into the central tube through the lower opening.

2. The urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction element includes multiple elastic rubber plates, which are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the central tube on the inner wall of the central tube. The elastic rubber plates are used to generate non-rigid collision friction with the upward-moving ceramic filter material.

3. The urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sludge collection chamber is open and connected to the bottom of the shell to form a sludge discharge channel, which guides the impurities intercepted in the sludge collection chamber to settle to the bottom of the shell under the action of gravity. The bottom of the shell is provided with a drain port for discharging the deposited impurities.

4. The urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the movable sleeve is provided with an annular scraper, which abuts against the outer wall surface of the filter cartridge. The annular scraper is used to mechanically clean the outer wall surface of the filter cartridge as the movable sleeve slides along the axial direction of the filter cartridge.

5. The urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the central tube is inclined outward from top to bottom along its axial direction to form a funnel-shaped opening. The funnel-shaped opening and the lower end face of the filter cartridge form an annular suction gap, which is used to guide the ceramic filter media at the bottom of the filling chamber to converge towards the center of the central tube and enter its interior in conjunction with the backwash tube.

6. The urban landscape water purification device based on ceramic filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the filter cartridge is inclined downwards from the outside to the inside along its radial direction to form a guide slope that converges towards the center, which is used to guide the ceramic filter material in the filling cavity to slide and displace towards the lower end opening of the central tube under the action of gravity.

Images