A device, system and method for automatically adding sediment to a river model test

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of river model test's push sediment automatic sand adding device, system and use method, it is related to river dynamics model test simulation technical field, its technical scheme key points are: the present application provides a kind of automatic sand adding device, and its control system and its use method, the device mainly includes box type storage bin, continuous conveying mechanism, sand adding control mechanism, driving mechanism, control system and support structure.The device is controlled by the cooperation of continuous conveying and adjustable sand discharge, realizes the double control of push sediment sand adding amount.Make sand adding process mechanization, standardization, effectively reduce human factor influence, avoid the randomness and intermittence of manual sand throwing, make push sediment sediment supply process more close to natural river condition, significantly improve test precision.The device is low in manufacturing cost, easy to maintain, can be suitable for different particle size gradation push sediment sand and a variety of river model test scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river dynamics model test simulation technology, and more specifically, to an automatic bedload sand-adding device, system, and method of use for river engineering model tests. Background Technology

[0002] Sediment transport is a crucial factor influencing riverbed erosion and deposition, as well as river channel stability. Simulating bedload transport patterns in natural rivers through river engineering model experiments is an important technical means to reveal the mechanisms of riverbed evolution, verify numerical simulation results, and guide the design of river-related engineering projects.

[0003] In existing river engineering model tests, the main methods of replenishing bedload sediment include manual sand addition and simple funnel-type sand addition machine. However, the above sand addition methods have the following shortcomings: (1) Manual sand addition and simple sand addition devices are difficult to achieve stable operation for a long time, and the sediment replenishment is obviously intermittent, which cannot truly reflect the continuous transport characteristics of bedload in natural rivers; (2) Existing methods mainly rely on human experience, and it is difficult to accurately adjust the amount of sand added per unit time, resulting in poor comparability and repeatability between different test conditions; (3) Long-term river engineering model tests require frequent sand addition, and the labor intensity of manual operation is high, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of refined and multi-condition comparative tests; (4) Simple funnel or fixed opening structure is prone to problems such as bridging, blockage or sudden large-scale dumping when the sand particle size distribution is uneven.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bedload sedimentation device with a reasonable structure, stable operation, and the ability to ensure continuous and precise control of sediment addition, in order to meet the technical requirements of high precision, high repeatability, and long-term stable operation for river engineering model tests. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic bedload feeding device, system and method for use in river engineering model tests. This technology achieves continuous, uniform and stable feeding of bedload sediment in river engineering model tests by combining continuous bottom conveying with adjustable sediment feeding control.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an automatic bedload sand-adding device for river engineering model tests, comprising a box-type storage silo, a continuous conveying mechanism, a sand-adding control mechanism, a drive mechanism, a control system, and a support structure; the main body of the support structure is a bracket, which is provided with four support legs, and the support structure is used to install the entire automatic sand-adding device above the simulated river channel, so that sand can be directly added to a designated position in the simulated river channel; a lifting frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the bracket, and the box-type storage silo is connected to the lifting frame. The box-type storage silo is a semi-enclosed box, and two inclined guide plates are connected to its bottom, with a discharge port provided between the two guide plates; the continuous conveying mechanism is located above the bracket and is used to convey sand to the simulated river channel; the sand-adding control mechanism is located on the side of the lifting frame near the center of the bracket; the drive mechanism includes a servo motor and a reducer, used to drive the continuous conveying mechanism; the control mechanism includes a control cabinet and control buttons, connected to the drive structure, used to control the start / stop and operating parameters of the drive mechanism.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the box-type storage silo is made of stainless steel.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that: the continuous conveying mechanism includes a belt, a drive wheel, and a driven wheel; the drive wheel is located at the end away from the box-type storage bin, and the driven wheel is located at the end closer to the box-type storage bin; the belt is connected to the driven wheel and the drive wheel; the output ends of the servo motor and the reducer are connected to the drive wheel; the end of the belt closer to the discharge port is the inlet end, and the end farther from the discharge port is the outlet end; the width of the belt is the same as the width of the discharge port of the box-type storage bin, and the discharge port of the box-type storage bin is in contact with the belt.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the sand control mechanism is a sand guide plate with a gate-type structure. The sand guide plate is used to disperse the sand leaving the box-type storage silo in a secondary manner, so that the bedload sediment forms a dispersed state with uniform width and stable thickness before entering the simulated river channel, thereby avoiding the impact of local concentrated sand addition on the riverbed morphology.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: a screw is installed at the upper end of the sand guide plate, and the opening of the sand guide plate can be changed by adjusting the screw to control the amount of sand added.

[0011] The present invention further provides a control system for the above-mentioned automatic sand-adding device, the control system including a storage device and a processor; the storage device includes a program for controlling the speed of a servo motor, and when the program for controlling the speed of the servo motor is executed by the processor, the speed of the servo motor can be adjusted and controlled.

[0012] The present invention further provides a method of using the above-mentioned automatic sand-adding device, characterized in that: the method of use includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Add the required bedrock to the box-type storage silo;

[0014] S2. Pre-calibrate different combinations of conveying rates, guide plate openings, and servo motor speeds to establish the correspondence between sand addition amount and guide plate opening and servo motor speed.

[0015] S3. Adjust the opening of the guide plate according to the particle size distribution of the bedload sediment;

[0016] S4. Set the servo motor speed according to the sand addition rate requirements of the test;

[0017] S5. Start the servo motor to move the sand towards the discharge end under the action of the belt conveyor mechanism;

[0018] S6. During the test, the sand addition parameters were adjusted in real time according to the changes in scouring and silting.

[0019] In summary, this invention offers the following advantages: By combining a continuous conveying mechanism with an adjustable sand discharge control, dual control of the bedload sand addition rate is achieved. The sand control mechanism provides a stable sand supply capacity, while the continuous conveying mechanism finely adjusts the actual sand discharge rate per unit time, thus enabling wide-range and high-precision bedload replenishment under various experimental conditions. The mechanized and standardized sand addition process effectively reduces the influence of human factors, avoids the randomness and intermittency of manual sand addition, and makes the bedload sediment replenishment process more closely resemble natural river conditions, significantly improving experimental accuracy. Furthermore, the sand addition device of this invention has low manufacturing cost, is easy to maintain, and is applicable to bedload sand with different particle size distributions and various river engineering model test scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand guide plate structure of an automatic bedload sand feeding device suitable for river engineering model tests according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the control system of an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests according to the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Box-type storage silo; 101. Guide plate; 102. Discharge port; 2. Continuous conveying mechanism; 201. Belt; 202. Drive wheel; 203. Driven wheel; 204. Discharge end; 205. Feed end; 3. Sand adding control mechanism; 301. Sand guide plate; 302. Screw; 4. Servo motor; 401. Reducer; 5. Control cabinet; 501. Control button; 6. Bracket; 601. Support leg; 7. Lifting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0027] Example 1: As Figure 1-3 As shown, an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests includes a box-type storage silo 1, a continuous conveying mechanism 2, a sand-adding control mechanism 3, a servo motor 4, a control cabinet 5, and a support 6. A lifting frame 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the support 6, and the box-type storage silo 1 is connected to the lifting frame 7. The box-type storage silo 1 is a semi-enclosed box, with two inclined guide plates 101 connected to its bottom, and a discharge port 102 is provided between the two guide plates. The continuous conveying mechanism 2 is located above the support 6, with one end below the box-type storage silo 1, and is used to transport sand to the simulated river channel.

[0028] The continuous conveying mechanism 2 includes a belt 201, a drive wheel 202, and a driven wheel 203. The drive wheel 202 is located at the end away from the box-type storage bin 1, and the driven wheel 203 is located at the end closer to the box-type storage bin 1. The belt 201 is connected to the driven wheel 203 and the drive wheel 202. The output ends of the servo motor 4 and the reducer 401 are connected to the drive wheel 202. The end of the belt 201 closer to the discharge port 102 is the feed end 205, and the end away from the discharge port 102 is the discharge end 204. The width of the belt 201 is the same as the width of the discharge port 102 of the box-type storage bin 1, and the discharge port 102 of the box-type storage bin 1 is in contact with the belt 201. Therefore, after the sand flows out of the discharge port 102, it will fall onto the belt 201 and move from the feed end 205 to the discharge end 204. The sand-adding control mechanism 3 is located on the side of the lifting frame 7 near the center of the support 6; the servo motor 4 is used to drive the continuous conveying mechanism 2; the control cabinet 5 is connected to the servo motor 4 and is used to control the start, stop and operating parameters of the servo motor 4; the support 6 stably installs the automatic sand-adding device above the simulated river channel, so that the sand can be directly put into the designated position of the simulated river channel.

[0029] The box-type storage silo 1 is made of stainless steel and is located at one end of the automatic sand adding device. It is rectangular in shape, with a width matching the width of the simulated river channel. The box-type storage silo 1 has an anti-bridging structure inside, comprising two inclined guide plates 101 forming an angle with the side wall of the box-type storage silo 1. This allows the sand to be evenly collected above the continuous conveying mechanism 2 under gravity, providing initial dispersion and preventing bridging or stagnation. The continuous conveying mechanism 2 is a belt conveyor 201, with a width matching the width of the box-type storage silo's outlet 102. The belt conveyor 201 has a drive wheel 202 and a driven wheel 203 at both ends, enabling stable sand supply through continuous rotation. The drive wheel 202 is located at the outlet 204, and the driven wheel 203 is located at the outlet 205. The outlet 102 of the box-type storage silo and the belt 201... 1. The conveying mechanism is fitted; the sand adding control mechanism 3 is a rectifier sand guide plate 301, which adopts a gate-type structure. The sand guide plate 301 is used to perform secondary dispersion of the sand leaving the storage bin, so that the bedload sediment forms a dispersed state with uniform width and stable thickness before entering the simulated river channel, avoiding the impact of local concentrated sand addition on the riverbed morphology; a screw 302 is installed at the upper end of the sand guide plate 301, and the opening of the sand guide plate 301 can be changed by adjusting the screw 302 to control the amount of sand added; the servo motor 4 is installed on one side of the discharge end 204 and is connected to the drive wheel 202; the control cabinet 5 has a built-in control system, which is installed on the same side as the servo motor 4, and can realize frequency conversion speed regulation control of the servo motor 4 to further control the sand adding rate; the bracket 6 is made of stainless steel and is equipped with support legs 601, the spacing of which is consistent with the width of the simulated river channel.

[0030] Example 2: This example provides a control system for an automatic bedload addition device suitable for river engineering model tests. The control process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the system enables continuous, uniform, and stable feeding of bedload sediment in river engineering model tests. The system includes a storage unit and a processor. The storage unit contains a program for controlling the rotational speed of servo motor 4, used to acquire, analyze, and send control modules. The program controlling the rotational speed of servo motor 4 sends frequency conversion commands, and the frequency converter processes these commands to adjust and control the rotational speed of servo motor 4.

[0031] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of apparatuses, systems, and methods according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by a control system. These program instructions can be provided to a processor of a computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, generate instructions for implementing the flow... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0032] These control instructions may also be stored in a control system that directs a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, causing the instructions stored in the control system to produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0033] Example 3: A method for using an automatic bedload sand-adding device suitable for river engineering model tests, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Add the required bedload silt to the box-type storage silo 1;

[0035] S2. Pre-calibrate different combinations of conveying speed, guide plate 301 opening, and servo motor 4 speed to establish the correspondence between sand addition amount and guide plate 301 opening and servo motor 4 speed.

[0036] S3. Adjust the opening of guide plate 301 according to the particle size distribution of bedload sediment;

[0037] S4. Set the servo motor speed to 4 according to the sand addition rate requirements of the test;

[0038] S5. Start the servo motor 4 to move the sand material to the discharge end 204 under the action of the conveyor belt 201;

[0039] S6. During the test, the sand addition parameters were adjusted in real time according to the changes in scouring and silting.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic bedload sand-addition device for river engineering model tests, characterized in that: The device includes a box-type storage silo (1), a continuous conveying mechanism (2), a sand-adding control mechanism (3), a drive mechanism, a control system, and a support structure. The main body of the support structure is a bracket (6), which has four support legs (601). The support structure is used to install the entire automatic sand-adding device above the simulated river channel, so that the sand can be directly added to the designated position in the simulated river channel. A lifting frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the bracket (6), and the box-type storage silo (1) is connected to the lifting frame. The box-type storage silo (1) is a semi-enclosed box, and its bottom is connected to two inclined guide plates. 101), a discharge port (102) is provided between the two guide plates (101); the continuous conveying mechanism (2) is located above the support (6) and is used to convey sand to the simulated river channel; the sand adding control mechanism (3) is located on the side of the lifting frame near the center of the support (6); the driving mechanism includes a servo motor (4) and a reducer (401) for driving the continuous conveying mechanism (2) to run; the control mechanism includes a control cabinet (5) and a control button (501) connected to the driving structure for controlling the start and stop of the driving mechanism and the operating parameters.

2. The automatic bedload addition device for a river engineering model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box-type storage silo (1) is made of stainless steel.

3. The automatic bedload addition device for a river engineering model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous conveying mechanism (2) includes a belt (201), a drive wheel (202), and a driven wheel (203). The drive wheel (202) is located at the end away from the box-type storage bin, and the driven wheel (203) is located at the end close to the box-type storage bin. The belt (201) is connected to the driven wheel (203) and the drive wheel (202). The output ends of the servo motor (4) and the reducer (401) are connected to the drive wheel (202). The end of the belt (201) close to the discharge port (102) is the feed end (205), and the end away from the discharge port (102) is the discharge end (204). The width of the belt (201) is the same as the width of the discharge port (102) of the box-type storage bin (1), and the discharge port (102) of the box-type storage bin (1) is in contact with the belt (201).

4. The automatic bedload addition device for river engineering model tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand control mechanism (3) is a sand guide plate (301) with a gate-type structure. The sand guide plate (301) is used to disperse the sand leaving the box-type storage bin (1) in a secondary manner, so that the bedload sediment forms a dispersed state with uniform width and stable thickness before entering the simulated river channel, thus avoiding the impact of local concentrated sand addition on the riverbed morphology.

5. The automatic bedload addition device for river engineering model tests according to claim 4, characterized in that: A screw (302) is installed at the upper end of the sand guide plate (301). The opening of the sand guide plate (301) can be changed by adjusting the screw (302) to control the amount of sand added.

6. The control system of the automatic sand-adding device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The control system includes a storage device and a processor; the storage device includes a program for controlling the speed of the servo motor (4), which, when executed by the processor, can adjust and control the speed of the servo motor (4).

7. The method of using the automatic sand-adding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: S1. Add the required bedrock to the box-type storage silo (1); S2. Pre-calibrate different combinations of conveying rates, guide plate (301) opening, and servo motor (4) speed to establish the correspondence between sand addition amount and guide plate (301) opening and servo motor (4) speed. S3. Adjust the opening of the guide plate (301) according to the particle size distribution of the bedload sediment; S4. Set the speed of the servo motor (4) according to the sand addition rate requirements of the test; S5. Start the servo motor (4) to make the sand material move towards the discharge end (204) under the action of the conveyor belt (201); S6. During the test, the sand addition parameters were adjusted in real time according to the changes in scouring and silting.

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