A portable sampling device for the sediment of narrow river channel in karst mountainous area

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and discloses a portable sampling device for silt in a narrow river channel in a karst mountainous area, which comprises a connecting disc, a sampling assembly and a supporting assembly. The connecting disc is provided with a mounting hole. A connecting piece is arranged in the mounting hole. The connecting piece is provided with an abutting portion which can be telescopically moved. A driving piece for driving the abutting portion to move is rotatably connected to the connecting disc. The sampling assembly passes through the mounting hole and is slidably connected with the mounting hole. The sampling assembly can be screwed with the abutting portion. The sampling assembly can slide out of the mounting hole. The supporting assembly is hingedly connected with the connecting disc, and the supporting assembly can telescopically move. Through the double design of "support folding and shrinking" and "rod disc separation", the whole device can be divided into three independent modules, namely the connecting disc (containing the driving piece), the sampling assembly and the supporting assembly. Each module can be compressed to the minimum volume and easily put into a conventional size mountaineering bag or a sampling box, so that the real portability is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sampling equipment technology, and to a portable sampling device for bottom sediment in narrow river channels in karst mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Karst mountainous narrow river channels present a unique aquatic environment characterized by narrow channel width, steep banks, varying depths, and complex riverbed sediments (a mixture of soft mud and rock), often located in remote mountain valleys with poor accessibility. Sediment sampling in such environments is a crucial foundation for hydrogeological surveys, environmental monitoring, and ecological research.

[0003] In sediment sampling operations in narrow river channels in karst mountainous terrain, maintaining the vertical stability of the sampling rod is a core requirement for obtaining undisturbed samples. To address this, existing technologies propose a stable platform consisting of a connecting plate and a support assembly: the connecting plate is erected on both sides of the river channel via the support assembly, the sampling rod passes through the connecting plate and forms a threaded engagement with it, and vertical sampling is achieved by slowly lowering the sampling rod through rotation.

[0004] Existing sampling devices are generally large in size. For example, patent number CN211013668U, titled "A Sediment Sampler," uses a one-piece design. Furthermore, the connecting plate and support assembly cannot be folded vertically or retracted horizontally, and the sampling rod cannot be separated from the connecting plate. Therefore, it is impossible to compress the sampling device to its minimum size, making it difficult to fit into a standard-sized backpack or sampling box. Carrying existing sampling devices is extremely inconvenient for workers traversing dense forests and climbing rocky terrain, as they are easily caught on branches or collide with rocks, affecting not only travel speed but also posing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a portable sampling device for bottom sediment in narrow river channels in karst mountainous areas, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] In one embodiment, a portable sampling device for bottom sediments in narrow river channels in karst mountainous areas is provided, comprising: A connecting plate having a mounting hole; a connector being installed in the mounting hole; the connector having a retractable and movable abutment; and a drive member for driving the abutment to move is also rotatably connected to the connecting plate. A sampling component, which passes through and is slidably connected to the mounting hole, and can be threadedly engaged with the abutment portion; the sampling component can also slide out of the mounting hole. The sampling assembly includes a screw, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, and a sampling cylinder; the screw passes through the mounting hole and can be threaded into the abutment part; one end of the screw is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably connected to one end of the sampling cylinder.

[0007] A support assembly is hinged to the connecting disk and is telescopically movable.

[0008] In one embodiment, a mounting groove is provided on the circumferential side of the connecting plate, and the support assembly is hinged to the mounting groove via a damping bearing.

[0009] Specifically, the damping bearing is an existing bearing with high damping, requiring a predetermined external force to rotate, which facilitates the maintenance of the support assembly's position relative to the connecting plate to adapt to different deployment requirements. The U-shaped mounting slot allows the support assembly to rotate nearly 180° relative to the connecting plate.

[0010] Specifically, the support assembly includes multiple telescopic rods and multiple mounting slots, with each telescopic rod being installed in one of the multiple mounting slots; the telescopic rods are commonly used in camera brackets, are existing technology, and are available on the market.

[0011] Specifically, the middle part of the rotating rod is welded or bolted to one end of the screw, and the connection between the rotating rod and the screw is T-shaped.

[0012] In one embodiment, one end of the screw is a mounting head, and one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a quick-release connector; the mounting head can be movably snapped into and limited within the quick-release connector.

[0013] In one embodiment, the quick-release connector includes a connecting seat with a slot, a sleeve, a first spring, and a first ball bearing; the connecting seat is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod; the inner wall of the slot has a locking hole for the first ball bearing to engage; the sleeve is movably sleeved outside the connecting seat, and the inner wall of the sleeve has a groove for accommodating the first ball bearing; the inner wall of the sleeve abuts against the first ball bearing; the first spring is located between the sleeve and the connecting seat, with one end of the first spring fixedly connected to the sleeve and the other end fixedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0014] Specifically, the mounting head has a polygonal cross-section, specifically a rectangle or hexagon, and the slot mates with the mounting head, also having a polygonal cross-section.

[0015] The number of connecting rods is multiple; the multiple connecting rods can be detachably connected together in sequence.

[0016] The first end of the connecting rod is an installation head, and the other end is fixedly connected to a quick-release connector, which allows multiple connecting rods to be connected in sequence.

[0017] In one embodiment, a sampling rod is detachably connected inside the sampling cylinder, and a spiral blade is fixedly connected to the sampling rod. The spiral blade is spirally wound and fixed along the extension direction of the sampling rod.

[0018] Specifically, a quick-release connector is fixedly connected to one end of the sampling tube. The bottom of the slot in the quick-release connector has a through hole for the sampling rod to pass through. A first limiting hole is provided on the inner wall of the through hole, and a second limiting hole is provided on the sampling rod. When the second limiting hole of the sampling rod is coaxial with the first limiting hole, the sampling rod can be limited by inserting a limiting pin.

[0019] In one embodiment, the abutting part includes an arc-shaped abutting plate, an abutting block, and a limiting rod; the abutting plate has a thread that mates with the screw, the abutting block is fixedly connected to the abutting plate, and the abutting block has a movable groove for the limiting rod to be movably inserted; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole; and the driving member abuts against the abutting block.

[0020] The number of abutting parts is multiple, and the multiple abutting parts surround and abut against the circumference of the screw.

[0021] In one embodiment, the driving component includes a first rotating cover, a rotating cylinder, and a second rotating cover; the first rotating cover and the second rotating cover are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the mounting hole; the two ends of the rotating cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the first rotating cover and the second rotating cover; the inner wall of the rotating cylinder has a protrusion that abuts against the abutting block, and the protrusion has a strip-shaped hole for the limiting rod to pass through, and the limiting rod can slide relative to the strip-shaped hole.

[0022] Specifically, the protrusion is arc-shaped. As the drum rotates, the protrusion gradually pushes the abutment block to move radially toward the mounting hole so as to make contact with the screw.

[0023] The first rotating cover and the second rotating cover are engaged and limited by the limiting strip with the inner wall of the connecting plate and the mounting hole, but the first rotating cover and the second rotating cover can rotate relative to the connecting plate and the mounting hole.

[0024] In one embodiment, a pushing member is also fixedly connected to the abutment plate; the pushing member includes a push rod and a moving rod; the push rod is fixedly connected to the abutment plate, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the moving rod; an arc-shaped sliding groove is provided on the first rotating cover, and the moving rod slides and is limited by the sliding groove.

[0025] In one embodiment, the first rotating cover is further provided with a limiting member, which is limitedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are: The support component and the connecting plate are hinged, and the support component itself is telescopic. In the stowed state, the support component can rotate and fold towards the connecting plate, while simultaneously retracting to its minimum length, significantly reducing its horizontal footprint. Simultaneously, the sampling component can slide completely out of the mounting hole of the connecting plate, becoming completely separate from it and stored independently. Through this dual design of "support folding and retracting" and "pole-plate separation," the entire device can be disassembled into three independent modules: the connecting plate (including the drive unit), the sampling component, and the support component. Each module can be compressed to its minimum size, easily fitting into a standard-sized backpack or sampling box, achieving true portability.

[0027] The sampling component and connecting plate are driven by a drive mechanism to either engage the threaded connection between the contact part and the sampling component or to disengage the contact part from the sampling component, allowing for quick assembly and disassembly without tools. On-site assembly time is less than 2 minutes, and reliable connection accuracy is maintained even after multiple assembly and disassembly sessions, ensuring both portability and operational efficiency.

[0028] Because the contact and separation between the sampling component and the abutment can be controlled, operators can, as needed, disengage the sampling component from the threaded engagement on the connector during the initial lowering phase (through water sections), allowing the sampling component to slide freely within the mounting hole of the connecting plate. The operator then controls the drive mechanism to quickly push the sampling component into the water, reaching near the mud surface. Once the sampling component reaches the designated position, the drive mechanism is operated again to engage the threaded engagement between the abutment and the sampling component. Rotating the sampling component then allows for slow, controlled sampling. This "fast-then-slow" operation mode reduces the time spent on ineffective travel by more than 80%, significantly improving sampling efficiency. The mounting hole ensures the sampling component moves vertically, preventing swaying; during the controlled sampling phase, the threaded connection provides stable driving force and downward pressure, ensuring the sampling head smoothly enters the bottom mud without disrupting the sample's layered structure.

[0029] The support assembly is not only foldable, but its length can also be adjusted to fit the actual width of the river channel. When in use, the support assembly can be unfolded and adjusted to a suitable span, allowing it to be securely mounted on the rocks on both sides of a narrow river channel, ensuring that the sampling assembly remains vertically stable during sampling and is not affected by the impact of water flow; when stored, the support assembly can be retracted to further reduce its volume. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sampling device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of the sampling device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross-sectional structure at point A (with screw clamped at the contact point); Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross-sectional structure at point A (with the abutment part separated from the screw); Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the reverse structure at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-release connector structure in one embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder structure in one embodiment of this application; Labels for each item in the figure: 1. Connecting plate; 11. Mounting hole; 12. Connecting piece; 13. Abutting part; 131. Abutting plate; 132. Abutting block; 133. Limiting rod; 134. Movable groove; 135. Push rod; 136. Moving rod; 137. Roller; 14. Driving component; 141. First rotating cover; 142. Rotating cylinder; 143. Second rotating cover; 144. Protrusion; 145. Strip hole; 146. Arc-shaped sliding groove; 15. Mounting groove; 16. Damping bearing; 2. Sampling assembly; 21. Screw; 22. Rotating rod; 23. Connecting rod; 24. Sampling cylinder ; 241. Sampling rod; 242. Second limiting hole; 243. Spiral blade; 244. Limiting pin; 25. Mounting head; 251. Snap ring; 26. Quick-release connector; 261. Connecting seat; 262. Sleeve; 263. First spring; 264. First ball; 265. Snap groove; 266. Snap hole; 267. Groove; 3. Support assembly; 4. Through hole; 41. First limiting hole; 5. Limiting component; 51. Protrusion; 52. Top rod; 53. Second spring; 54. Third spring; 55. Second ball; 56. Movable hole; 57. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Similarly, the following examples are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0038] This application proposes improvements and innovations, and presents the following embodiments.

[0039] In some implementations, please refer to Figures 1 to 7 A portable sampling device for bottom sediments in narrow river channels in karst mountainous areas is provided, comprising: The connecting plate 1 has a mounting hole 11; a connector 12 is installed in the mounting hole 11; the connector 12 has a retractable and movable abutment part 13; a drive member 14 for driving the abutment part 13 to move is also rotatably connected to the connecting plate 1. Sampling component 2 passes through mounting hole 11 and is slidably connected to mounting hole 11. Sampling component 2 can be threadedly engaged with abutment part 13. Sampling component 2 can slide out of mounting hole 11. Support component 3 is hinged to connecting disk 1, and support component 3 is telescopic.

[0040] The support component 3 is hinged to the connecting plate 1, and the support component 3 itself is telescopic. In the stowed state, the support component 3 can rotate and fold towards the connecting plate 1, while simultaneously retracting to its shortest length, significantly reducing the horizontal space occupied. At the same time, the sampling component 2 can slide completely out of the mounting hole 11 of the connecting plate 1, completely separating from the connecting plate 1 and storing it independently. Through the dual design of "support folding and retraction" and "pole-plate separation", the entire device can be disassembled into three independent modules: the connecting plate 1 (including the drive component 14), the sampling component 2, and the support component 3. Each module can be compressed to its minimum volume, easily fitting into a standard-sized backpack or sampling box, achieving true portability.

[0041] The sampling component 2 and the connecting plate 1 are driven by the driving component 14 to either engage the threaded connection between the abutment part 13 and the sampling component 2 or to separate the abutment part 13 from the sampling component 2. This allows for quick assembly and disassembly without tools. On-site assembly time is no more than 2 minutes, and reliable connection accuracy is maintained even after multiple assembly and disassembly sessions, ensuring both portability and operational efficiency.

[0042] Because the contact part 13 and the sampling component 2 can be controlled to engage and disengage, operators can, as needed, disengage the contact part 13 on the connector 12 from the sampling component 2 during the initial lowering phase (through the water section), allowing the sampling component 2 to slide freely within the mounting hole 11 of the connecting plate 1. The operator can then control the drive component 14 to quickly push the sampling component 2 into the water, reaching near the mud surface. Once the sampling component 2 reaches the designated position, the drive component 14 is operated to engage the contact part 13 with the threaded connection of the sampling component 2. Rotating the sampling component 2 at this point allows for slow, controlled sampling. This "fast then slow" operation mode reduces the time spent on ineffective travel by more than 80%, significantly improving sampling efficiency. The mounting hole 11 ensures that the sampling component 2 maintains vertical movement, preventing swaying; during the controlled sampling phase, the threaded connection provides stable driving force and downward pressure, ensuring the sampling head smoothly enters the bottom mud without damaging the sample's layered structure.

[0043] The support component 3 is not only foldable, but its length can also be adjusted to fit the actual width of the river channel. When in use, the support component 3 can be unfolded and adjusted to a suitable span, allowing it to be securely mounted on the rocks on both sides of a narrow river channel, ensuring that the sampling component 2 remains vertical and stable during sampling and is not affected by the impact of water flow. When stored, the support component 3 can be retracted to further reduce its volume.

[0044] In one embodiment, a mounting groove 15 is formed on the circumferential side of the connecting plate 1, and the support component 3 is hinged to the mounting groove 15 via a damping bearing 16. By using a damping bearing 16 to hinge the support component 3 to the mounting groove 15 of the connecting plate 1, the damping bearing 16 itself has high damping characteristics and requires a predetermined external force to rotate. This allows the support component 3 to automatically maintain its current position by relying on damping force after being unfolded to any angle, without the need for an additional locking mechanism, simplifying the operation steps. During the sampling process, even if it is impacted by water flow or accidentally touched, the support component 3 will not easily shift, ensuring the stability of the sampling platform. When storing, simply overcome the damping force and rotate the support component 3 towards the connecting plate 1 to fold it into a state close to the connecting plate 1, without unlocking any latches, making the operation quick and smooth.

[0045] Specifically, the damping bearing 16 is an existing bearing with high damping, requiring a predetermined external force to rotate, which facilitates the maintenance of the support assembly 3's position relative to the connecting plate 1 to adapt to different deployment requirements. The mounting groove 15 is a U-shaped groove, allowing the support assembly 3 to rotate nearly 180° relative to the connecting plate 1. The U-shaped groove structure of the mounting groove 15 enables the support assembly 3 to rotate nearly 180° relative to the connecting plate 1. This large angle adjustment range allows the device to adapt to various terrains, from extremely narrow river channels (where the support assembly 3 is almost parallel and retracted) to wider riverbanks (where the support assembly 3 is deployed at a large angle), significantly enhancing the device's versatility.

[0046] Specifically, the support component 3 includes multiple telescopic rods and multiple mounting slots 15, with each telescopic rod installed in one of the mounting slots 15. The telescopic rods are commonly used in camera brackets and are existing technology, readily available on the market. Each telescopic rod can extend and retract independently. This allows operators to adjust the length of each support rod according to the actual distance and unevenness between the riverbanks, ensuring that the connecting plate 1 remains horizontal and the sampling component 2 remains vertical. Even if the rock heights on both banks are different, precise leveling can be achieved through independent adjustment.

[0047] The telescopic pole adopts the existing telescopic pole structure commonly used in camera brackets, which can be directly sourced from the market, reducing manufacturing costs and R&D cycle. Its reliability has been proven in the market, and it is easy to repair and replace.

[0048] Each telescopic rod can be retracted to its shortest length when stored, and together with the folding function, the volume of the support component 3 is compressed to the limit, further improving portability.

[0049] In one embodiment, the sampling assembly 2 includes a screw 21, a rotating rod 22, a connecting rod 23, and a sampling cylinder 24; the screw 21 passes through the mounting hole 11 and can be threadedly engaged with the abutment part 13; one end of the screw 21 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 22, and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting rod 23, and the connecting rod 23 is detachably connected to one end of the sampling cylinder 24.

[0050] Specifically, the middle part of the rotating rod 22 is welded or bolted to one end of the screw 21, and the connection between the rotating rod 22 and the screw 21 is T-shaped.

[0051] The sampling assembly 2 is divided into four independent parts: screw 21 (which works with connecting plate 1 to achieve screwing), rotating rod 22 (which provides operating torque), connecting rod 23 (which transmits power and adjusts length), and sampling cylinder 24 (which collects samples). Each component performs its own function, which facilitates targeted optimization design and manufacturing.

[0052] The screw 21 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 23, and the connecting rod 23 is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder 24. This allows the operator to select different lengths of the connecting rod 23 for combination according to the sampling depth requirements, or directly replace the sampling cylinder 24 with different specifications, making it highly adaptable.

[0053] The rotating rod 22 is connected to the screw 21 in a T-shape. The operator holds both ends of the rotating rod 22 with both hands to rotate it, which balances the force and saves effort. This has obvious advantages when sampling hard sediment that requires a large torque.

[0054] In one embodiment, one end of the screw 21 is a mounting head 25, and one end of the connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected to a quick-release connector 26; the mounting head 25 is movably snapped into and limited within the quick-release connector 26. The mounting head 25 at one end of the screw 21 and the quick-release connector 26 on the connecting rod 23 are connected and limited by a movable snap-fit ​​mechanism, allowing for quick connection and separation without tools. After sampling, the sampling cylinder 24 and the connecting rod 23 can be quickly detached from the screw 21 for separate sample processing, while the screw 21 can remain on the connecting plate 1 or be stored separately, making the operation more efficient.

[0055] "Active locking limit" means that under normal use, the mounting head 25 is firmly locked in the quick-release connector 26 and will not accidentally come off due to rotation and vibration, thus ensuring the reliability of power transmission.

[0056] In one embodiment, the quick-release connector 26 includes a connecting seat 261 with a slot 265, a sleeve 262, a first spring 263, and a first ball bearing 264; the connecting seat 261 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 23; the inner wall of the slot 265 is provided with a locking hole 266 for the first ball bearing 264 to be inserted; the sleeve 262 is movably sleeved outside the connecting seat 261, and the inner wall of the sleeve 262 is provided with a groove 267 for accommodating the first ball bearing 264; the inner wall of the sleeve 262 abuts against the first ball bearing 264; the first spring 263 is located between the sleeve 262 and the connecting seat 261, one end of the first spring 263 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 262, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 261.

[0057] Specifically, the cross-section of the mounting head 25 is polygonal, specifically rectangular or hexagonal, and the slot 265 cooperates with the mounting head 25, and its cross-section is also polygonal.

[0058] There are multiple connecting rods 23; multiple connecting rods 23 can be detachably connected together in sequence. By connecting multiple connecting rods 23 end to end in sequence (the first end is the mounting head 25, and the other end is the quick-release connector 26), the operator can flexibly increase or decrease the number of connecting rods 23 according to the actual water depth and the required sampling depth, so that the sampling depth is no longer limited by the length of a single rod, thus expanding the applicability of the device.

[0059] The multiple short rods are much easier to store than a single long rod, further improving portability. Furthermore, if any section of the connecting rod 23 is damaged, only the damaged section needs to be replaced, eliminating the need to scrap the entire rod and reducing maintenance costs.

[0060] The first end of the connecting rod 23 is a mounting head 25, and the other end is fixedly connected to a quick-release connector 26, which can realize the sequential connection of multiple connecting rods 23.

[0061] The quick-release connector 26 employs a locking principle using a first ball bearing 264: when the sleeve 262 is in the locked position, the inner wall of the sleeve 262 presses the first ball bearing 264 into the retaining hole 266, and the first ball bearing 264 also engages with the retaining ring 251 on the mounting head 25, thus achieving locking; when the sleeve 262 is pushed to compress the first spring 263, aligning the groove 267 with the first ball bearing 264, the first ball bearing 264 can disengage from the retaining hole 266, allowing the mounting head 25 to be pulled out. The entire process only requires pushing and pulling the sleeve 262, without rotating the threads, achieving disassembly and assembly in seconds.

[0062] In the locked state, the inner wall of the sleeve 262 continuously presses the first ball 264, forming a stable mechanical lock that can withstand the axial tension and rotational torque generated during the sampling process and will not loosen.

[0063] The mounting head 25 has a polygonal cross-section (rectangular or hexagonal) to achieve torque transmission. The polygonal mounting head 25 mates with the correspondingly shaped slot 265, so that the torque of the rotating screw 21 can be effectively transmitted to the connecting rod 23 and the sampling cylinder 24, avoiding slippage. At the same time, the polygonal fit also provides an anti-rotation function to ensure accurate circumferential positioning.

[0064] The first ball bearing 264, the first spring 263, and the sleeve 262 are all standard mechanical components with simple and reliable structure, long service life, and are not easily affected by mud and sand, making them suitable for harsh outdoor environments.

[0065] In one embodiment, a sampling rod 241 is detachably connected inside the sampling cylinder 24, and a spiral blade 243 is fixedly connected to the sampling rod 241. The spiral blade 243 is spirally wound and fixed along the extension direction of the sampling rod 241.

[0066] The sediment in karst riverbeds often contains debris such as gravel and plant roots. When ordinary sampling tubes are directly pressed in, they are easily stuck or the sample is disturbed. During the rotation and pressing process, the spiral blade 243 can transport or cut the debris upwards like a screw 21, allowing the sampling tube to enter the sediment smoothly while maintaining the relative integrity of the sample structure.

[0067] The design of the spiral blade 243 enables the sampling rod 241 to not only provide support, but also generate a downward auxiliary thrust during rotation, reducing insertion resistance, which is especially suitable for dense or sandy bottom mud.

[0068] Specifically, a quick-release connector 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the sampling cylinder 24. The bottom of the slot 265 in the quick-release connector 26 has a through hole 4 for the sampling rod 241 to pass through. A first limiting hole 41 is formed on the inner wall of the through hole 4, and a second limiting hole 242 is formed on the sampling rod 241. When the second limiting hole 242 of the sampling rod 241 is coaxial with the first limiting hole 41, inserting a limiting pin 244 can limit the sampling rod 241. The sampling rod 241 is connected to the quick-release connector 26 of the sampling cylinder 24 via the limiting pin 244. Removing the limiting pin 244 allows the sampling rod 241, along with the spiral blade 243, to be pulled out of the sampling cylinder 24, facilitating cleaning and removal of tangled debris. The sampling cylinder 24 itself maintains a smooth inner wall, and the sample is taken out from the bottom opening.

[0069] In one embodiment, the abutting part 13 includes an arc-shaped abutting plate 131, an abutting block 132, and a limiting rod 133; the abutting plate 131 has a thread that mates with the screw 21, the abutting block 132 is fixedly connected to the abutting plate 131, and the abutting block 132 has a movable groove 134 for the limiting rod 133 to be movably inserted; the limiting rod 133 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole 11; and the driving member 14 abuts against the abutting block 132.

[0070] There are multiple abutment portions 13, which surround and abut against the circumference of the screw 21. Each abutment portion 13 has an arc-shaped thread that mates with the screw 21. When the driving member 14 pushes the abutment block 132 to move radially, the multiple arc-shaped abutment plates 131 simultaneously move from all sides towards the center, engaging with the screw 21 threadedly, forming a stable "threaded lock-in" state. This ensures uniform force distribution and avoids the possibility of screw 21 misalignment or thread damage that may occur with single-point locking.

[0071] The limiting rod 133 provides precise radial guidance. The limiting rod 133 passes through the movable groove 134 of the abutment block 132 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole 11. This design ensures that the abutment block 132 can only move linearly in the radial direction and cannot rotate or swing, guaranteeing that the threads on the arc-shaped abutment plate 131 can accurately align with the threads of the screw 21, achieving smooth engagement.

[0072] The structure is compact and occupies little space. The arc-shaped abutment plate 131, abutment block 132, movable groove 134 and other components are integrated in the annular space of the mounting hole 11 without adding extra volume, thus maintaining the compactness of the connecting plate 1.

[0073] In one embodiment, the driving component 14 includes a first rotating cover 141, a rotating cylinder 142, and a second rotating cover 143; the first rotating cover 141 and the second rotating cover 143 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the mounting hole 11; the two ends of the rotating cylinder 142 are respectively fixedly connected to the first rotating cover 141 and the second rotating cover 143; the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 142 has a protrusion 144 that abuts against the abutting block 132, and the protrusion 144 has a strip-shaped hole 145 for the limiting rod 133 to pass through, and the limiting rod 133 can slide relative to the strip-shaped hole 145.

[0074] Specifically, the protrusion 144 is arc-shaped. As the rotating drum 142 rotates, the protrusion 144 gradually pushes the abutment block 132 to move radially toward the mounting hole 11 so as to fit and contact the screw 21.

[0075] The operator rotates the first rotating cover 141 or the second rotating cover 143, causing the rotating drum 142 to rotate. The arc-shaped protrusion 144 on the inner wall of the rotating drum 142 rotates accordingly. The protrusion 144 gradually pushes the abutment block 132 to move radially inward, achieving threaded engagement. When rotated in the opposite direction, the protrusion 144 gradually releases the abutment block 132, and under the force of the first spring 263 or other restoring force, the abutment block 132 retracts, disengaging from engagement. This conversion method provides smooth transmission and saves effort.

[0076] A strip-shaped hole 145 is provided on the protrusion 144 for the limiting rod 133 to pass through, and the limiting rod 133 can slide within the strip-shaped hole 145. This design allows the rotating drum 142 to rotate relative to the limiting rod 133, while limiting the rotation range of the rotating drum 142, and preventing the rotating drum 142 from moving axially, thus ensuring the precise movement of the drive mechanism.

[0077] The first rotating cover 141 and the second rotating cover 143 are located at both ends of the mounting hole 11 and are connected as a whole by the rotating cylinder 142. This structure allows the drive component 14 to be assembled independently into a module and then installed on the connecting plate 1, simplifying the manufacturing process. At the same time, the operator can rotate the second rotating cover 143 from either side of the connecting plate 1, making operation flexible.

[0078] The protrusion 144 is arc-shaped, enabling progressive locking. As the drum 142 rotates, the contact point between the protrusion 144 and the abutment block 132 gradually changes, and the pushing force gradually increases, making the thread engagement process smooth and controllable, avoiding the impact caused by sudden locking.

[0079] The first rotating cover 141 and the second rotating cover 143 are engaged and limited by the limiting strip with the inner wall of the connecting plate 1 and the mounting hole 11, but the first rotating cover 141 and the second rotating cover 143 can rotate relative to the connecting plate 1 and the mounting hole 11.

[0080] Specifically, a roller 137 is rotatably connected to the abutment block 132. The abutment block 132 abuts against the protrusion 144 through the roller 137, which transforms the contact friction between the abutment block 132 and the protrusion 144 into rolling friction, reducing the friction force and making the rotation smoother and less strenuous.

[0081] In one embodiment, a pusher is also fixedly connected to the abutment plate 131; the pusher includes a push rod 135 and a moving rod 136; the push rod 135 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 131 and the moving rod 136 is fixedly connected; an arc-shaped groove 146 is provided on the first rotating cover 141, and the moving rod 136 slides and is limited to the groove.

[0082] The push rod 135 of the pusher is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 131, and the moving rod 136 is slidably engaged with the arc-shaped groove 146 of the first rotating cover 141. When the first rotating cover 141 is rotated, the arc-shaped groove 146 pushes the moving rod 136 to move, thereby actively pulling or pushing the abutment plate 131 radially via the push rod 135. This active driving method is more reliable than simply relying on the protrusion 144 for pushing, especially when disengagement is required, as it can forcibly pull the abutment plate 131 back, avoiding the inability to separate due to mud and sand jamming.

[0083] The length of the arc-shaped groove 146 limits the stroke of the moving rod 136, thereby limiting the maximum radial displacement of the abutment 13, preventing excessive tightening from damaging the threads or excessive retraction from causing the part to come off.

[0084] By rotating the cover, the operator can intuitively perceive the position (locked or released) of the contact part 13. A positioning point can be set at the end of the slide to provide a "click" feel to confirm that the position is in place.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first rotating cover 141 is further provided with a limiting member 5, which is limitedly connected to the connecting plate 1.

[0086] During sampling, if the drive component 14 rotates unexpectedly when the contact part 13 and the screw 21 are in threaded engagement, the engagement may loosen, affecting the screwing sampling and even causing a safety accident. The limiting component 5 fixes the first rotating cover 141 relative to the connecting plate 1, completely eliminating the possibility of accidental disengagement and ensuring the reliability of long-term sampling operations.

[0087] During storage and transportation, the drive component 14 can be rotated to the release position and then locked with the limit component 5 to prevent the drive component 14 from rotating due to transportation vibration, the abutment part 13 from malfunctioning and jamming other parts.

[0088] The limiting component 5 can adopt a simple structure such as the first spring 263 pin or a knob screw, which can be operated with one hand, ensuring safety without affecting the convenience of quick assembly and disassembly.

[0089] Specifically, the limiting component 5 includes a protrusion 51, a push rod 52, a second spring 53, a third spring 54, and a second ball bearing 55. The protrusion 51 is fixedly connected to the side of the first rotating cover 141. The protrusion 51 has a movable hole 56 that passes through the side of the first rotating cover 141. The push rod 52 is movably inserted into the movable hole 56. A limiting groove 57 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate 1 for the installation of the third spring 54 and the second ball bearing 55. One end of the third spring 54 abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove 57, and the other end abuts against the second ball bearing 55. When the movable hole 56 rotates to the state of communicating with the limiting groove 57, the third spring 54 pushes the second ball bearing 55 between the movable hole 56 and the limiting groove 57. At this time, the first rotating cover 141 and the connecting plate 1 are limited by the second ball bearing 55, and the first rotating cover 141 cannot rotate relative to the connecting plate 1.

[0090] The push rod 52 passes through the movable hole 56 and abuts against the second ball 55. The push rod 52 can push the second ball 55 into the limiting groove 57. At the same time, the first rotating cover 141 is rotated, and the movable hole 56 and the limiting groove 57 are disconnected. The second ball 55 is limited in the limiting groove 57. At this time, the first rotating cover 141 can rotate relative to the limiting groove 57. The second spring 53 is installed in the movable hole 56. One end of the spring abuts against the push rod 52, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the movable hole 56. The second spring 53 is used to push the push rod 52 to move and reset in the movable hole 56.

[0091] Specifically, the number of limiting grooves 57, the third spring 54, and the second ball bearing 55 are two in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two limiting grooves 57 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate 1. When the movable hole 56 is connected to one limiting groove 57, the abutment part 13 is threadedly engaged with the screw 21. When the movable hole 56 is connected to the other limiting groove 57, the abutment part 13 moves away from the screw 21 to the farthest distance.

[0092] Two limiting grooves 57 are spaced apart along the circumference of the connecting plate 1, corresponding respectively to the working state of the abutment part 13 being threadedly engaged with the screw 21 and the released state of the abutment part 13 being away from the screw 21. When the movable hole 56 is connected to the first limiting groove 57, the abutment part 13 locks the screw 21, allowing for screwing in for sampling; when the movable hole 56 rotates to connect with the second limiting groove 57, the abutment part 13 retracts to its furthest position, allowing the sampling component 2 to slide freely within the mounting hole 11. This design allows the operator to clearly determine the current working state by touch or sight, avoiding misoperation.

[0093] The second ball bearing 55, under the action of the third spring 54, engages between the movable hole 56 and the limiting groove 57, thus fixing the first rotating cover 141 and the connecting plate 1 relative to each other. During the sampling process, when the abutment part 13 and the screw 21 are in a threaded engagement state, this locking mechanism completely prevents the drive component 14 from rotating due to water flow impact, accidental contact, or vibration, avoiding sampling failure or equipment damage caused by loose thread engagement, and providing reliable safety for operators.

[0094] When a state switch is required, the operator simply presses the push rod 52, which pushes the second ball bearing 55 deep into the limiting groove 57, completely disengaging it from the movable hole 56. At this point, the limiting between the first rotating cover 141 and the connecting plate 1 is released. While keeping the push rod 52 pressed down, rotate the first rotating cover 141 to another limiting groove 57 position. After releasing the push rod 52, the second ball bearing 55 automatically engages with the new movable hole 56 and limiting groove 57 under the action of the third spring 54, completing the state switch. The entire process requires no tools and can be easily operated even while wearing gloves, offering significant operational advantages in narrow and slippery river environments.

[0095] The components such as the protrusion 51, the push rod 52, the spring, and the ball are all integrated into the limited space on the side of the first rotating cover 141 and the outside of the connecting plate 1. No additional handle, lever, or knob is required, which maintains the compact shape of the connecting plate 1 and does not affect the folding and storage performance of the device.

[0096] When the first rotating cover 141 is rotated to align the movable hole 56 with the limiting groove 57, the operator can clearly feel the second ball bearing 55 clicking into position under the action of the third spring 54, clearly indicating that the position is in place. This dual tactile and auditory feedback is especially important when visibility is obstructed (such as in a dimly lit canyon), reducing the risk of operational errors.

[0097] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable sampling device for bottom sediment in narrow river channels in karst mountainous areas, characterized in that, include: A connecting plate having a mounting hole; a connector being installed in the mounting hole; the connector having a retractable and movable abutment; and a drive member for driving the abutment to move is also rotatably connected to the connecting plate. A sampling component passes through and is slidably connected to the mounting hole, and is threadedly engaged with the abutment portion; the sampling component can slide out of the mounting hole. The sampling assembly includes a screw, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, and a sampling cylinder; the screw passes through the mounting hole and is threadedly engaged with the abutment part; one end of the screw is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably connected to one end of the sampling cylinder; A support assembly, which is hinged to the connecting disk and is telescopically movable; The abutting part includes an arc-shaped abutting plate, an abutting block, and a limiting rod; the abutting plate has a thread that mates with the screw, the abutting block is fixedly connected to the abutting plate, and the abutting block has a movable groove for the limiting rod to be movably inserted; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole; the driving member abuts against the abutting block; the driving member includes a first rotating cover, a rotating cylinder, and a second rotating cover; the first rotating cover and the second rotating cover are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the mounting hole; the two ends of the rotating cylinder... The ends are respectively fixedly connected to the first rotating cover and the second rotating cover; the inner wall of the rotating cylinder has a protrusion that abuts against the abutting block, and the protrusion has a strip-shaped hole for the limiting rod to pass through, and the limiting rod can slide relative to the strip-shaped hole; a pushing member is also fixedly connected to the abutting plate; the pushing member includes a push rod and a moving rod; the push rod is fixedly connected to the abutting plate, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the moving rod; an arc-shaped sliding groove is provided on the first rotating cover, and the moving rod slides and is limited by the sliding groove.

2. The portable sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential direction of the connecting disk A mounting groove is provided on the side, and the support assembly is hinged to the mounting groove via a damping bearing.

3. The portable sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the screw is a mounting head, and one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a quick-release connector; the mounting head can be movably snapped into and limited in the quick-release connector.

4. The portable sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The quick-release connector includes a connecting seat with a slot, a sleeve, a first spring, and a first ball bearing; the connecting seat is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod; the inner wall of the slot has a locking hole for the first ball bearing to be engaged; the sleeve is movably sleeved outside the connecting seat, and the inner wall of the sleeve has a groove for accommodating the first ball bearing; the inner wall of the sleeve abuts against the first ball bearing; the first spring is located between the sleeve and the connecting seat, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat.

5. The portable sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sampling rod is detachably connected inside the sampling cylinder, and a spiral blade is fixedly connected to the sampling rod. The spiral blade is spirally wound and fixed along the extension direction of the sampling rod.

6. The portable sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotating cover is also provided with a limiting member, which is limitedly connected to the connecting plate.

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