A strip planting method of flue-cured tobacco and soybean

Abstract

This application discloses a method for strip intercropping cultivation of flue-cured tobacco and soybean. The method described in this application includes: marking rows and creating single ridges within the tobacco field at intervals of 90-100cm; constructing a strip-shaped composite planting structure within the tobacco field with planting ridges arranged in the order of one ridge of flue-cured tobacco, one ridge of soybeans, and another ridge of flue-cured tobacco as the basic unit; applying base fertilizer to the ridges planned for planting flue-cured tobacco before transplanting, and applying less or no base fertilizer to the ridges planned for planting soybeans, depending on soil fertility; covering all ridges with plastic film; planting flue-cured tobacco on the ridges using a one-row-per-ridge method, controlling the plant spacing at 45-50cm, with the tobacco transplanting time from mid-April to early May; sowing soybeans on the ridges using a 100cm wide ridge with 3 rows of soybeans or a 90cm wide ridge with 2 rows of soybeans, controlling the hole spacing at 10cm, retaining 2 plants per hole, so that the soybean sowing density is 9877-13333 plants / mu, with the soybean sowing time being 1-2 weeks before the flue-cured tobacco transplanting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a method for strip intercropping cultivation of flue-cured tobacco and soybean. Background Technology

[0002] Flue-cured tobacco is a widely cultivated cash crop in agricultural production, typically grown by transplanting seedlings after land preparation and ridging. In current production practices, flue-cured tobacco is mostly grown as a monoculture within tobacco fields, and its planting methods and field management measures have formed relatively mature production models in different regions.

[0003] Soybeans, as a common legume crop, have a wide planting base in agricultural production. Their cultivation methods typically include raised bed planting or flat planting. Soybeans are generally planted according to local production conditions and planting habits; they can be planted alone in a field or as a crop rotation crop in different years.

[0004] In some agricultural production activities, there are also situations where two or more crops are planted in the same field at the same time. The above planting methods are usually arranged based on planting experience. The arrangement of different crops in the field, the planting time and management measures vary depending on the region and production conditions.

[0005] In the existing technology, there is relatively limited publicly available information and technical solutions for the cultivation method of simultaneously planting flue-cured tobacco and soybeans in the same tobacco field, and there is no unified description of its specific planting layout and sowing arrangements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a method for strip intercropping cultivation of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this application is described below:

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybean, including: Within the tobacco field, lines are drawn at intervals of 90-100cm to create raised beds, and single ridges are erected to form ridges for planting flue-cured tobacco and soybeans. Within the tobacco field, planting ridges are set up according to the basic unit of 1 row of flue-cured tobacco, 1 row of soybeans, and then another row of flue-cured tobacco to construct a strip-shaped composite planting structure. For the ridges planned to be planted with flue-cured tobacco, apply base fertilizer before transplanting. For the ridges planned to be planted with soybeans, apply less or no base fertilizer depending on the soil fertility. Cover all ridges with plastic film. The flue-cured tobacco is planted in a row-on-row manner on the ridges, with the plant spacing controlled at 45-50cm, so that the transplanting density of flue-cured tobacco is about 1000 plants / mu. The transplanting time of flue-cured tobacco is from mid-April to early May. Sow soybeans on ridges with a width of 100cm and a spacing of 3 rows or 90cm and a spacing of 2 rows, keeping the spacing between holes at 10cm and retaining 2 plants per hole, so that the soybean planting density is 9877-13333 plants / mu. Sow soybeans 1-2 weeks before tobacco transplanting.

[0009] Optionally, the soybean ridges are arranged on the outside of adjacent flue-cured tobacco ridges to form a lateral companion zone to the flue-cured tobacco ridges.

[0010] Optionally, the strip-shaped intercropping structure is periodically repeated in the field, with a flue-cured tobacco ridge serving as a transition ridge between two adjacent strip-shaped intercropping structures.

[0011] Optionally, the mulch film is a full-ridge covering mulch film, so that the tobacco ridges and soybean ridges are under the same mulch cultivation conditions.

[0012] Optionally, the soybeans are sown earlier than the tobacco is transplanted, and their growth periods overlap in the field with staggered growth periods.

[0013] Optionally, the strip intercropping pattern of wide-row flue-cured tobacco and narrow-row soybean extends along the length of the tobacco field.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this application has the following beneficial effects: The tobacco-soybean strip intercropping cultivation method provided by this invention sets up strips of planting ridges for tobacco and soybeans in the same tobacco field, and coordinates the planting methods, planting densities and sowing times of the two crops, so that tobacco and soybeans can complete their growth cycles synchronously in the same field.

[0015] Using the method of this invention, flue-cured tobacco and soybeans form a relatively fixed strip distribution pattern in the field, with a clear planting layout, which facilitates sowing, transplanting and subsequent management operations in a predetermined manner, and has good feasibility.

[0016] Furthermore, by arranging flue-cured tobacco and soybeans on different ridges and setting the corresponding number of planting rows and planting spacing, this intercropping method can be applied to actual production without changing the conventional ridge-making operation method, and is suitable for the existing tobacco field cultivation conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a strip-planting method for flue-cured tobacco and soybean provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This application first provides an embodiment of a strip intercropping cultivation method for flue-cured tobacco and soybeans, which includes: S101. Mark the fields at intervals of 90-100cm and create single ridges to form ridges for planting flue-cured tobacco and soybeans. After the tobacco field is prepared, ridges are marked out at intervals of 90-100 cm, depending on the field conditions. The ridge intervals are based on field measurements and can be marked manually or mechanically.

[0020] After marking the lines, single ridges are built along the marked lines to form ridges, which will be used for subsequent planting of flue-cured tobacco or soybeans. During the ridge-making process, the height and width of the ridges can be controlled according to local conventional tobacco field ridge-making standards to ensure that the ridges have good drainage and moisture retention conditions.

[0021] The above method creates several parallel ridges within the tobacco field, providing the foundation for subsequent strip intercropping.

[0022] S102. Within the tobacco field, planting ridges are set up according to the basic unit of 1 row of flue-cured tobacco, 1 row of soybeans, and then another row of flue-cured tobacco to construct a strip-shaped composite planting structure. After ridging is completed, the crops for each ridge are arranged according to the predetermined planting layout within the tobacco field, in the order of one ridge of flue-cured tobacco, one ridge of soybeans, and then another ridge of flue-cured tobacco. Specifically, four adjacent ridges can be considered as a basic unit, with the two middle ridges used for planting flue-cured tobacco and one ridge on each side used for planting soybeans.

[0023] By repeating the above method throughout the entire tobacco field, the tobacco ridges and soybean ridges are arranged in a regular strip pattern in the field, thus constructing a strip-shaped composite planting structure.

[0024] S103. Apply base fertilizer to the ridges planned for planting flue-cured tobacco before transplanting, and apply less or no base fertilizer to the ridges planned for planting soybeans, depending on the soil fertility. Cover all ridges with plastic film. Before transplanting or sowing, apply base fertilizer to the ridges where flue-cured tobacco will be planted. The type and amount of base fertilizer can be selected according to local flue-cured tobacco cultivation practices, and it should be applied evenly to the ridges.

[0025] For ridges where soybeans are planned to be planted, the application of base fertilizer should be reduced or eliminated depending on the soil fertility of the tobacco field, in order to meet the basic needs of soybean growth.

[0026] After completing the above fertilization operations, cover all ridges with plastic film. Conventional mulching methods can be used, ensuring the film adheres tightly to the ridge surface to reduce water evaporation and maintain ridge structural stability.

[0027] S104. On the ridges for planting flue-cured tobacco, one row per ridge should be used, and the plant spacing should be controlled at 45-50cm, so that the transplanting density of flue-cured tobacco is about 1000 plants / mu. The transplanting time of flue-cured tobacco is from mid-April to early May. On the ridges for planting flue-cured tobacco, one row per ridge is adopted for planting. During the transplanting process, transplanting holes are set up on each row of flue-cured tobacco at a plant spacing of 45-50 cm, and the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are transplanted to the corresponding positions, so that the transplanting density of flue-cured tobacco is controlled at about 1000 plants / acre.

[0028] The best time to transplant flue-cured tobacco seedlings is from mid-April to early May, but the exact time can be adjusted based on local climate conditions and seedling growth. After transplanting, the seedlings should be given necessary watering or other treatments to help them establish themselves and ensure a high survival rate.

[0029] S105. Sow soybeans on ridges with a width of 100cm and 3 rows of soybeans or a width of 90cm and 2 rows of soybeans, and control the spacing between holes to 10cm. Leave 2 plants in each hole to make the soybean planting density 9877-13333 plants / mu. Sow soybeans 1-2 weeks before tobacco transplanting.

[0030] Sowing is carried out on soybean ridges using a differentiated row configuration based on the ridge width.

[0031] Specifically, for soybean ridges 100 cm wide, a planting pattern of 3 rows per ridge is used; for soybean ridges 90 cm wide, a planting pattern of 2 rows per ridge is used. Each planting row is parallel to the length of the ridge.

[0032] During sowing, sowing points are set up in each sowing row with a spacing of 10 cm. Multiple soybean seeds are sown in each sowing point, and thinning is carried out after emergence so that two soybean seedlings are ultimately retained in each hole. Through the above sowing method, the sowing density of soybeans is controlled at 9877-13333 plants / acre.

[0033] Soybean sowing should be carried out 1 to 2 weeks before tobacco transplanting, so that the soybeans have already emerged or are in a stable growth stage by the time the tobacco is transplanted, thus meeting the need for simultaneous field management with the tobacco.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the strip-shaped intercropping structure is periodically repeated in the field, with a flue-cured tobacco ridge serving as a transition ridge between two adjacent strip-shaped intercropping structures.

[0035] In this optional embodiment, the strip-shaped composite planting structure is periodically and repeatedly laid out in the field.

[0036] Specifically, a strip-shaped intercropping structure consisting of one row of flue-cured tobacco, one row of soybeans, and another row of flue-cured tobacco can be considered as a basic repeating unit, and multiple such basic repeating units can be sequentially set up in the same direction within the tobacco field. Flue-cured tobacco rows serve as transitional rows between adjacent basic repeating units.

[0037] For example, after setting up a tobacco ridge at the end of the previous strip-shaped intercropping structure, the next set of strip-shaped intercropping structures can be set up to make the ridges in the entire tobacco field continuous and regular, which is conducive to unified management and mechanized operation.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the mulch film is a full-ridge covering mulch film, so that the tobacco ridges and soybean ridges are under the same mulch cultivation conditions.

[0039] In this optional embodiment, the mulch film is a full-ridge covering mulch film.

[0040] Specifically, after fertilization, mulch film is laid on both the tobacco and soybean ridges to cover the entire ridge surface, including the top and sides. During the mulching process, appropriate transplanting or sowing holes can be pre-drilled at the top of the ridges to meet the needs of tobacco transplanting and soybean sowing.

[0041] By using the above methods, the tobacco ridges and soybean ridges are placed under the same mulching cultivation conditions, thus avoiding differences in crop growth caused by different mulching methods.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the soybeans are sown earlier than the tobacco is transplanted, and their growth periods overlap in the field with staggered growth periods.

[0043] In this optional embodiment, the soybeans are sown earlier than the tobacco transplanting time.

[0044] Specifically, soybeans are sown 1-2 weeks before tobacco transplanting, ensuring that the soybeans have already emerged or are in the seedling stage by the time the tobacco is transplanted. As the growth process progresses, soybeans are in the vegetative growth stage in the early stages of tobacco growth, while the tobacco gradually enters the growth and development stage after transplanting.

[0045] During the middle and late stages of flue-cured tobacco growth, soybeans gradually enter their reproductive growth stage, resulting in a growth configuration in the field where the early growth stages overlap and the later growth stages are staggered.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the strip intercropping pattern of wide-row flue-cured tobacco and narrow-row soybean extends along the length of the tobacco field.

[0047] In this optional embodiment, the strip intercropping pattern of wide-row flue-cured tobacco and narrow-row soybean extends along the length of the tobacco field.

[0048] Specifically, during the land preparation and ridging process in the tobacco field, each ridge is set up parallel to the length of the field, so that the strip-shaped composite planting structure consisting of tobacco ridges and soybean ridges extends continuously along the long side of the tobacco field. This layout ensures that the strip structure maintains a consistent direction throughout the tobacco field, facilitating unified field management and operational planning.

Claims

1. A method for strip intercropping cultivation of flue-cured tobacco and soybean, characterized in that, The method includes: Within the tobacco field, lines are drawn at intervals of 90-100cm to create raised beds, and single ridges are erected to form ridges for planting flue-cured tobacco and soybeans. Within the tobacco field, planting ridges are set up according to the basic unit of 1 row of flue-cured tobacco, 1 row of soybeans, and then another row of flue-cured tobacco to construct a strip-shaped composite planting structure. For the ridges planned to be planted with flue-cured tobacco, apply base fertilizer before transplanting. For the ridges planned to be planted with soybeans, apply less or no base fertilizer depending on the soil fertility. Cover all ridges with plastic film. The flue-cured tobacco is planted in a row-on-row manner on the ridges, with the plant spacing controlled at 45-50cm, so that the transplanting density of flue-cured tobacco is about 1000 plants / mu. The transplanting time of flue-cured tobacco is from mid-April to early May. Sow soybeans on ridges with a width of 100cm and a spacing of 3 rows or 90cm and a spacing of 2 rows, keeping the spacing between holes at 10cm and retaining 2 plants per hole, so that the soybean planting density is 9877-13333 plants / mu. Sow soybeans 1-2 weeks before tobacco transplanting.

2. The method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soybean ridges are set on the outside of the adjacent flue-cured tobacco ridges to form a lateral companion zone to the flue-cured tobacco ridges.

3. The method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strip-shaped intercropping structure is arranged in a periodic and repeated manner in the field, with flue-cured tobacco ridges serving as transitional ridges between two adjacent strip-shaped intercropping structures.

4. The method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mulch film is a full-ridge covering mulch film, so that the tobacco ridges and soybean ridges are under the same mulch cultivation conditions.

5. The method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soybeans were sown earlier than the tobacco transplanting time, and their growth periods overlapped in the field, with the later stages staggered.

6. The method for strip intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strip intercropping pattern of wide-row flue-cured tobacco and narrow-row soybeans extends along the length of the tobacco field.

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