Active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device

Abstract

This invention discloses an active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device, specifically relating to the technical field of tunnel drainage system maintenance and underground pipeline clearing. It includes a support base, a main body base on the top surface of the support base, a rotating platform on the top surface of the main body base, and a cutter head on the top surface of the main body base. The cutter head has several extension grooves on its exterior, and additional plates are slidably connected inside the extension grooves. Through the high-speed rotation and cutting of the cutter head and carbide cutting teeth, a dense network of microcracks is formed on the surface and inside of the calcified crystal layer. Simultaneously, an atomizing nozzle at a golden angle of 15°–45° precisely injects an acidic agent with a concentration of 3%–8% into the depths of the microcracks. The acid reacts with calcium carbonate to generate carbon dioxide gas, which expands instantaneously in the microscopic slits, generating aerodynamic implosion stress. This destroys the lattice bonding force within the crystal layer, causing a precipitous drop in mechanical strength, thereby significantly reducing the resistance of subsequent cutting by the cutting teeth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel drainage system maintenance and underground pipeline clearing technology, specifically to an active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of tunnel drainage system maintenance technology, due to the influence of complex geological conditions, the inner wall of drainage pipes is often covered with heavy calcified hardening crystals. These crystals are not only hard, but also tightly bonded to the pipe wall, resulting in a sharp reduction in the effective flow rate of the pipe or even complete blockage.

[0003] Currently, for the cleaning of municipal or tunnel drainage pipes, existing technologies mainly employ the following two fragmented approaches: Simple mechanical crushing and washing (such as traditional high-pressure water guns or front-end agitators): These devices usually use high-pressure water jets to impact or front-end rotary cutting heads to physically destroy the material, and then discharge the slag through a suction pump. However, when faced with high-hardness calcium crystals, simple mechanical cutting is not only inefficient and causes the tools to wear out very quickly, but it is also very easy for the device to jam due to excessive cutting resistance in complex variable-diameter pipes. Blindly increasing the mechanical cutting force also poses a major hidden danger of puncturing and damaging the original drainage pipe wall.

[0004] Passive chemical soaking and spraying: Some existing technologies spray drain cleaners or detergents into the pipes in an attempt to dissolve dirt or remove odors, but this chemical treatment method is often delayed. The agent can only stay on the surface of the crystal layer and cannot penetrate the dense, hard crystals inside.

[0005] The fundamental flaw of existing technology is that physical crushing and chemical corrosion are completely separate unidirectional operations in time and space. Existing cleaning equipment fails to form a closed-loop feedback between mechanical cutting to create gaps and targeted injection of chemical agents, resulting in incomplete cleaning when facing hard crystals, easy damage to pipe walls, and inability to adapt to changes in pipe diameter. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device to solve the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device includes a support base, a main body base on the top surface of the support base, a rotating platform on the top surface of the main body base, a cutter disc on the top surface of the main body base, several extension grooves on the outside of the cutter disc, and an extension plate slidably connected inside the extension grooves. Several carbide cutting teeth are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the cutter disc and the extension plate respectively. A cleaning component is disposed on the bottom surface of the main body base for cleaning the active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe by calcification and hardening. The cleaning component includes: a first suction pipe disposed on the bottom surface of the main body base; several support rods fixedly installed on the top surface of the support base; and a hollow shaft torque motor fixedly installed on the top surface of the several support rods. A second suction pipe is fixedly installed on the first suction pipe, which penetrates the support base. A slag discharge hole is opened on the bottom surface of the support base. A liquid flow pipe is fixedly sleeved inside the first suction pipe. The liquid flow pipe passes through the hollow shaft torque motor and is movably sleeved with the second suction pipe. The liquid flow pipe extends through the main body and into the interior of the rotary table. An injection assembly for precisely targeting and injecting acidic agents into the micro-cracks generated instantaneously during the cutting of the crystallization layer is provided on the outside of the rotary table. Support assemblies for adaptive force are provided on the outside of the support base and the main body. A knock-off assembly for knocking off stubborn dirt on the inner wall of the drain pipe is provided on the outside of the first suction pipe. A collection assembly for winding up linear dirt in the drain pipe is provided on the outside of the main body.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when treating the hard calcified crystals inside the tunnel drainage pipe using the main body seat, the device is first sent into the pipe section to be cleaned. The support seat and main body seat are then sent into the target area of ​​the drainage pipe by an external propulsion device. Subsequently, a hollow shaft torque motor is used. Since the hollow shaft torque motor has a hollow shaft rotor with a large aperture, the rotation of the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor will drive the first slag suction pipe and the liquid flow pipe to rotate. Since the first slag suction pipe is connected to the main body seat through bearings, the main body seat is in a stationary state when the first slag suction pipe rotates. Then, the first slag suction pipe and the liquid flow pipe rotate simultaneously. The liquid flow pipe will drive the rotary table to rotate. When the rotary table rotates, it will drive the cutter head and cemented carbide cutter teeth to rotate. Thus, the cutter head and cemented carbide cutter teeth can use strong torque to roughly cut into the interior of the dense and brittle calcium carbonate crystals. Under the action of cutting stress, the crystal undergoes microscopic brittle fracture, and countless micro-crack networks burst out on the cutting surface in an instant. By moving the additional plate, it is moved out of the interior of the extension groove, thereby expanding the overall size of the cutter head and increasing the contact area between the cutter head and the crystal.

[0009] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes: a plurality of acid distribution chambers, each of which is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotary table; two atomizing nozzles are fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotary table, the atomizing nozzles extending into the interior of the acid distribution chambers; a plurality of connecting pipes are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the liquid flow pipe, the connecting pipes extending into the interior of the liquid flow pipe; the other end of the connecting pipes passes through the rotary table and extends into the interior of the acid distribution chambers; and the atomizing nozzles form an angle of 15 to 45 degrees with the axis of the first slag suction pipe.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the atomizing nozzle, when the cutter head and carbide cutting teeth create a gap in the crystals inside the drain pipe, an acidic agent with a concentration of 3% to 8% is delivered under constant pressure through the liquid flow pipe and connecting pipe. Subsequently, the acidic agent reaches the atomizing nozzle through the inside of the acid distribution chamber, and then is atomized and sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle. With a specific golden angle of 15 to 45 degrees, the atomized acidic agent can successfully penetrate the turbulent layer around the rotating cutter head. It is like precision guidance, following the tangential trajectory of the carbide cutting teeth, and directly hitting the deepest part of the micro-cracks that have just been torn in the crystal layer. Once the acid enters the crack, it immediately reacts violently with the fresh calcium carbonate. The carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction expands rapidly in the micro-slit, forming aerodynamic implosion stress. This chemical corrosion and aerodynamic expansion instantly destroy the lattice bonding force inside the crystal layer, causing the mechanical yield strength of the remaining part to drop sharply. The sudden drop in crystal strength greatly reduces the mechanical resistance when the cutting teeth follow up.

[0011] Preferably, the support assembly includes: a plurality of force-bearing blocks, which are respectively fixedly installed on the outer circular walls of the support base and the main body base. An adaptation groove is provided on one side of each force-bearing block, and a fixing rod is fixedly installed inside the adaptation groove. A torsion spring is provided on the outer circular wall of the fixing rod. An elastic support arm is movably sleeved inside the adaptation groove. The elastic support arm is movably sleeved with the fixing rod. A roller is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic support arm away from the main body base. Each elastic support arm is connected to an independent pressure sensor.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic support arms will spread outward evenly under the action of torsion springs after the support base and main body base enter the drainage pipe through the set rollers, until all rollers are tightly attached to and pressed against the inner wall of the drainage pipe. Then, the pressure sensor provides real-time feedback data to ensure that the force on each arm is balanced. Through the radial tension of multiple elastic support arms, the support base and main body base can be firmly locked on the central axis of the drainage pipe, and a solid axial and radial reaction force base is constructed.

[0013] Preferably, a movable column is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cutter head, and a plurality of limiting grooves are formed on the outer circular wall of the movable column. An installation sleeve is movably fitted onto the outer circular wall of the movable column, and a first spring is provided between the installation sleeve and the bottom surface of the movable column. A movable groove is formed on the top surface of the rotary table, and a plurality of limiting blocks are fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the movable groove. The movable column is movably fitted onto the movable groove, and the limiting groove is slidably connected to the limiting blocks. The installation sleeve is fixedly fitted onto the movable groove, and an annular circular groove is formed on the outside of the movable column and communicates with the limiting groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution and using the installed sleeve, in concealed tunnel engineering, drainage pipes often experience issues such as high-grade cement slurry leakage and clumping, or sudden narrowing of the pipe wall. When the high-speed rotating cutterhead impacts an uncuttable hard object, the cutterhead and carbide cutting teeth experience resistance and slide into the movable groove. The limiting block then slides along the limiting groove and approaches the cutterhead. Simultaneously, the movable column pulls down the first spring, and the limiting block enters the annular groove on the movable column. At this point, as the rotary table rotates, driving the installed sleeve, movable column, and cutterhead to rotate, the movable groove disengages from the limiting groove, releasing the restriction on the movable column. Only the installed sleeve continues to rotate, while the movable groove moves within the annular groove. This causes the cutterhead and movable column to slip continuously during rotation, preventing effective continuous rotation and ensuring that the cutterhead does not continue destructive drilling on the hard object, while also preventing the original pipe wall from being violently penetrated.

[0015] Preferably, a slag suction pipe is fixedly installed on the outside of the main body, the slag suction pipe extends into the inside of the main body, a rotating tube is fixedly sleeved inside the hollow shaft torque motor drive shaft, a snap-fit ​​shell is fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotating tube, the snap-fit ​​shell is fixedly sleeved with the first slag suction pipe, the liquid flow pipe is movably sleeved with the rotating tube, and the main body and the first slag suction pipe are rotatably connected through bearings.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the set slag suction pipe, as the cutting operation progresses, a large amount of mixed slurry composed of crystallized debris, waste acid, and residual wastewater from the original pipeline is continuously generated. By connecting the vacuum equipment to the slag discharge hole, the powerful suction is transmitted through the second and first slag suction pipes to the interior of the main body, and then to the slag suction pipe position in the cutting operation area. When the mixed slurry peels off from the crystal layer, before it has a chance to settle or adhere to the pipe wall, it is instantly drawn in by the powerful negative pressure cyclone of the slag suction pipe. It is then transported at high speed along the main shaft axis through the main body, the first and second slag suction pipes and discharged out of the pipeline. This ensures that the cutting front end has a dry field of vision and contact surface, and also eliminates the phenomenon of mud stuck in the bottom of the pipe, preventing excessive erosion of the original drainage pipe wall by high-concentration acid.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of electric push rods are fixedly installed on the outside of the second slag suction pipe, and an adaptation block is fixedly installed on the end of the electric push rod away from the second slag suction pipe.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the setting of the adaptation block, when the support seat and the main seat enter the drainage pipe for operation, the extension rod of the electric push rod will drive the adaptation block to move towards the pipe wall, thereby allowing the adaptation block to be close to the pipe wall. In this way, multiple adaptation blocks can be radially attached to the pipe wall, which facilitates the increase of support for the support seat and the main seat in the pipeline. At the same time, the extension rod of the electric push rod ensures flexible compensation on the uneven pipe wall.

[0019] Preferably, the detachment assembly includes: a plurality of support columns, each of which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the main body; an internal gear ring is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support columns; a sun gear is disposed inside the internal gear ring and is fixedly sleeved with the rotating tube; a planetary gear is disposed inside the internal gear ring and meshes with the internal gear ring and the sun gear respectively; a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the planetary gear; an eccentric ring is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod; and a plurality of crushing cones are disposed on the outer circular wall surface of the eccentric ring, with every two crushing cones arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the hollow shaft torque motor drives the cutter head to rotate inside the drain pipe, the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor first drives the rotating tube and the sun gear to rotate. Then, the sun gear meshes and drives the planetary gear to rotate. Since the inner gear ring, the sun gear and the planetary gear form a planetary gear set, when the sun gear rotates, the sun gear meshes with the planetary gear, causing the planetary gear to start rotating. At the same time, since the inner gear ring itself is fixed and cannot rotate, it restricts the rotation of the planetary gear. This constraint forces the planetary gear to travel along the inner wall of the inner gear ring while rotating, thus generating revolution. Then, the planetary gear will drive the eccentric ring and the crushing cone to rotate and revolve through the connecting rod. Then, the crushing cone contacts the inner wall of the drain pipe, which facilitates the hammering of loosely attached crystals, causing them to fall off the inner wall. When the crushing cone collides with the hard crystals on the pipe wall, the crushing cone will drive the buffer column to compress the second spring and retract into the buffer groove.

[0021] Preferably, the outer circular wall of the eccentric ring is provided with a plurality of buffer grooves, and a movable hole is provided on one side of the inner side of the buffer groove. A buffer column is fixedly installed at one end of the crushing cone near the eccentric ring. The buffer column is movably sleeved with the movable hole, and a second spring is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the buffer column.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the second spring is used to flexibly set the crushing cone, preventing the crushing cone from making hard contact with the inner wall of the pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the centralized assembly includes: a plurality of operating frames, each of which is fixedly mounted on the outer circular wall of the main body; a drive motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the inner side of each operating frame; an arc-shaped strip is fixedly mounted on one end of the drive shaft of the drive motor; a universal ball joint is fixedly mounted on one end of the arc-shaped strip; a connecting rod is provided inside the operating frame; a universal ball socket is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod near the arc-shaped strip; the universal ball socket is rotatably connected to the universal ball joint; a U-shaped frame is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod away from the universal ball socket; a mounting platform is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom surface of the operating frame; a mounting column is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting platform; and a swing table is movably fitted onto the outer circular wall of the mounting column. A docking frame is fixedly installed at one end of the swing platform near the connecting rod. A cross shaft is movably connected inside the docking frame, and the cross shaft is movably sleeved with the U-shaped frame. A connecting block is fixedly installed at one end of the swing platform away from the connecting rod. A rotating column is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting block. A linkage rod is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the rotating column. A limit rod is fixedly installed on one side of the operating frame. A limiting rod is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod. A sliding sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod. A connecting column is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the sliding sleeve. The connecting column is movably connected to the linkage rod. A rotating sleeve is provided at one end of the sliding sleeve. Several hooks are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the hook configuration, when the support base is inside the drainage pipe, the drive motor's drive shaft rotates, causing the arc-shaped strip and universal ball joint to rotate. As the universal ball joint rotates in a circular motion and changes position, it pulls the connecting rod to move. When the universal ball joint rotates to near the inner bottom surface of the operating frame, it drives the universal ball socket, connecting rod, and U-shaped frame to rotate. The U-shaped frame then pulls the cross shaft, causing the docking frame, swing table, connecting block, and second suction pipe to rotate around the outside of the mounting column towards the drive motor. At this time, the connecting block and rotating column pull the linkage rod, connecting column, and sliding sleeve to move, causing the sliding sleeve to move axially along the outside of the limiting rod. The sleeve will cause the rotating sleeve and the hook to slide towards the position of the operating frame, thereby moving the rotating sleeve and the hook away from the drain pipe wall. When the arc strip drives the universal ball head to rotate to a position away from the inner bottom surface of the operating frame, the universal ball head drives the universal ball socket, connecting rod, U-shaped frame and cross shaft to move. Then the U-shaped frame will push the docking frame, swing table, connecting block and rotating column to rotate around the mounting column away from the arc strip. The movement of the rotating column will push the linkage rod to move the connecting column, sliding sleeve, rotating sleeve and hook away from the operating frame. At this time, the rotating sleeve and the hook are close to the pipe wall. Through the continuous rotation of the arc strip, the sliding sleeve, rotating sleeve and hook can reciprocate and extend, which facilitates the winding of linear dirt inside the drain pipe.

[0025] Preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly installed at the end of the sliding sleeve away from the operating frame, a ball bearing is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixing ring, the outer circular wall of the outer ring of the ball bearing is fixedly sleeved with the rotating sleeve, a spiral groove is formed on the inner circular wall of the rotating sleeve, an extension rod is fixedly installed at the end of the limiting rod away from the operating frame, a resistance block is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the extension rod, the extension rod is movably sleeved with the rotating sleeve, and the resistance block is slidably connected with the spiral groove.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rotating sleeve moves back and forth, the resistance block moves along the inside of the spiral groove due to the restriction of the resistance block. Since the spiral groove is spirally opened on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve, and the resistance block is fixed on the extension rod and does not rotate, the rotating sleeve is forced to rotate circumferentially while moving axially. Through the reciprocating movement of the rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve can drive the hook to rotate back and forth. When the linear dirt is hooked by the hook, with the reciprocating rotation of the rotating sleeve and the hook, it is easy to wrap the linear dirt around the surface of the rotating sleeve and realize the winding and collection.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes the high-speed rotation of the cutter head and cemented carbide cutting teeth to form a dense network of microcracks on the surface and inside of the calcified crystal layer. Simultaneously, an atomizing nozzle at a golden angle of 15°–45° precisely injects an acidic agent with a concentration of 3%–8% into the depths of the microcracks. The acid reacts with calcium carbonate to generate carbon dioxide gas, which expands instantaneously in the microscopic slits, generating aerodynamic implosion stress. This destroys the lattice bonding force within the crystal layer, causing a precipitous drop in mechanical strength, thereby significantly reducing the resistance of subsequent cutting by the cutting teeth. The above-mentioned cutting-crack creation → acid implosion → crystal embrittlement → re-cutting forms a closed-loop cycle, completely solving the problem of the temporal and spatial separation between mechanical breakage and chemical corrosion in traditional technologies, thus increasing the cleaning efficiency of high-hardness calcified crystals several times over.

[0028] 2. The hollow shaft torque motor of this invention adopts a large-diameter hollow shaft rotor structure, which provides strong and stable cutting torque, ensuring that the carbide cutting teeth can powerfully cut into the interior of dense and brittle calcium carbonate crystals. By moving the extension plate extending from inside the extension groove, the overall diameter of the cutter head can be actively expanded, increasing the contact area between the cutter head and the crystal layer, making the single cutting coverage larger, and adapting to the cleaning needs of different pipe diameters or crystal thicknesses, significantly improving the cleaning efficiency per unit time.

[0029] 3. When the cutter head impacts an uncuttable hard object such as cement block, stone, or rebar end during the rotational cutting process, the cutter head and carbide cutting teeth will slide into the movable groove due to excessive resistance. The limiting block slides along the limiting groove and enters the annular groove on the movable column, causing the movable groove to disengage from the limiting groove and releasing the rotation restriction on the movable column. At this time, although the mounting sleeve continues to rotate, the movable column and cutter head slip in the annular groove and cannot form an effective cutting torque, thereby preventing the cutter head from continuing to perform destructive forced drilling on hard objects. At the same time, it ensures that the original drainage pipe wall will not be violently penetrated or broken, effectively protecting the safety of the pipeline structure.

[0030] 4. This invention uses elastic support arms that expand outwards evenly under the action of torsion springs, allowing the rollers to tightly adhere to and press against the inner wall of the drain pipe. Combined with pressure sensors providing real-time feedback on the force data of each arm, this ensures balanced force distribution across all support arms. The support base and main body are locked on the central axis of the drain pipe, constructing a robust axial and radial reaction force base. Simultaneously, an electric push rod drives the adaptive block to extend radially, flexibly compensating for unevenness in the pipe wall and increasing support stability. The combined effect of elastic centering and flexible support ensures the device remains centered in complex variable-diameter pipes, providing stable reaction force for heavy cutting and preventing the device from jamming due to uneven loading.

[0031] 5. This invention connects to the slag discharge hole via a vacuum device. Through the second slag suction pipe, the first slag suction pipe, and the slag suction pipeline, a strong negative pressure is transmitted to the cutting operation area. When the mixed slurry, which is a mixture of crystallized debris, waste acid, and residual wastewater from the pipeline, peels off from the crystallized layer, it has no chance to settle or adhere to the pipe wall. It is then swept up by the negative pressure cyclone and transported at high speed along the main shaft axis to be discharged out of the pipeline. This design ensures a dry field of vision and contact surface at the cutting front end, eliminates the phenomenon of mud-covered drill bits stuck at the bottom of the pipe, and promptly removes residual acid to prevent excessive chemical corrosion of the original drainage pipe wall by high-concentration acid.

[0032] 6. This invention uses a hollow shaft torque motor to drive the rotating tube and the sun gear to rotate. The sun gear meshes with the planetary gears. With the inner gear ring fixed, the planetary gears rotate on their own axis while moving along the inner wall of the inner gear ring, generating a revolution. Through the connecting rod and the eccentric ring, the crushing cone is driven to perform a combined rotation and revolution motion. The crushing cone intermittently hammers the embrittled but not yet detached crystals, causing them to be completely peeled off from the tube wall. When it collides with hard crystals, the buffer column compresses the second spring and retracts into the buffer groove, playing a buffering and protective role. This mechanism, together with the cutter head cutting and acid corrosion, forms a three-level synergy, further improving the thoroughness of the cleaning.

[0033] 7. This invention uses a drive motor to rotate the arc-shaped strip and the universal ball joint. Through connecting rods, U-shaped frames, cross shafts and other transmission components, the sliding sleeve moves axially back and forth along the limiting rod, thereby driving the rotating sleeve and the hook to reciprocate and extend synchronously. During the movement, the resistance block slides along the spiral groove, forcing the rotating sleeve to rotate while extending and retracting. When linear dirt such as fibers, roots, and gels are hooked by the hook, the dirt is tightly wrapped around the surface of the rotating sleeve as it reciprocates and rotates, achieving winding and collection. This mechanism is specifically designed to handle non-calcium linear debris in pipelines, preventing it from wrapping around the cutter head or clogging the slag suction port, thus expanding the device's adaptability to complex blockages. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating platform structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first slag suction pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow tube structure of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the force-bearing block structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear ring structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric ring structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the operating frame structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1. Support base; 2. Main body base; 3. Rotary table; 4. Cutter head; 5. Carbide cutter teeth; 6. First slag suction pipe; 7. Hollow shaft torque motor; 8. Second slag suction pipe; 9. Liquid flow pipe; 10. Slag discharge hole; 11. Extension groove; 12. Additional plate; 13. Movable column; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Mounting sleeve; 16. First spring; 17. Movable groove; 18. Limiting block; 19. Force-bearing block; 20. Elastic support arm; 21. Roller; 22. Adaptation groove; 23. Fixed rod; 24. Acid diversion chamber; 25. Atomizing nozzle; 26. Rotating pipe; 27. Snap-fit ​​shell; 28. Slag suction pipe; 29. ​​Electric push rod; 30. Adaptation block; 31. Support rod; 32. Connecting pipe; 33. Support column; 34. Internal gear ring; 35. 36. Sun gear; 37. Planetary gear; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Eccentric ring; 40. Crushing cone; 41. Protective ring; 42. Buffer groove; 43. Movable hole; 44. Buffer column; 45. Second spring; 46. Operating frame; 47. Drive motor; 48. Arc strip; 49. Universal ball joint; 50. Connecting rod; 51. Universal ball socket; 52. U-shaped frame; 53. Mounting platform; 54. Mounting column; 55. Swinging platform; 56. Connecting frame; 57. Cross shaft; 58. Connecting block; 59. Rotating column; 60. Linkage rod; 61. Limiting rod; 62. Sliding sleeve; 63. Connecting column; 64. Limiting rod; 65. Fixing ring; 66. Ball bearing; 67. Extension rod; 68. Resistance block; 69. Rotating sleeve; 70. Hook; 81. Spiral groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 An active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device includes a support base 1, a main body base 2 on the top surface of the support base 1, a rotating platform 3 on the top surface of the main body base 2, a cutter head 4 on the top surface of the main body base 2, several extension grooves 11 on the outside of the cutter head 4, and an extension plate 12 slidably connected inside the extension grooves 11. Several carbide cutting teeth 5 are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the cutter head 4 and the extension plate 12, respectively. A cleaning assembly is provided on the bottom surface of the main body base 2 for cleaning the active variable-diameter tunnel drainage pipe by calcium hardening and crystallization. The cleaning assembly includes a first suction pipe 6, which is located on the bottom surface of the main body base 2. Several support rods 31 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the support base 1. A hollow shaft torque motor 7 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the rod 31, and a second slag suction pipe 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the hollow shaft torque motor 7. The second slag suction pipe 8 passes through the support base 1, and a slag discharge hole 10 is opened on the bottom surface of the support base 1. A liquid flow pipe 9 is fixedly sleeved inside the first slag suction pipe 6. The liquid flow pipe 9 passes through the hollow shaft torque motor 7 and is movably sleeved with the second slag suction pipe 8. The liquid flow pipe 9 passes through the main body base 2 and extends to the interior of the rotating platform 3. The first slag suction pipe 6 and the liquid flow pipe 9 are two independent and non-interfering fluid channels. Their cross-sectional area is designed with fluid dynamics optimization based on the common slag discharge volume in tunnels, aiming to provide a smooth, dead-angle-free negative pressure high-flow pumping path for large-particle crystalline debris and viscous mud. refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The rotary table 3 is equipped with a spraying assembly for precisely targeting and injecting acidic agents into the micro-cracks generated during the instantaneous cutting of the crystallization layer. The spraying assembly includes several acid distribution chambers 24, which are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotary table 3. Two atomizing nozzles 25 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotary table 3. The atomizing nozzles 25 extend into the interior of the acid distribution chambers 24. Several connecting pipes 32 are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the liquid flow pipe 9. The connecting pipes 32 extend into the interior of the liquid flow pipe 9. The other end of the connecting pipes 32 passes through the rotary table 3 and extends into the interior of the acid distribution chambers 24. The atomizing nozzles 25 form an angle of 15 to 45 degrees with the axis of the first slag suction pipe 6. When treating the hard calcified crystals inside the tunnel drainage pipe using the main body seat 2, the device is first inserted into the section to be cleaned. An external propulsion device then pushes the support seat 1 and main body seat 2 to the target area of ​​the drainage pipe. Subsequently, the hollow shaft torque motor 7 is activated. This motor employs a large-diameter hollow shaft rotor structure. When its drive shaft rotates, it drives the first suction pipe 6 and the liquid flow pipe 9 to rotate synchronously. Because the first suction pipe 6 is connected to the main body seat 2 via bearings, the main body seat 2 remains stationary when the first suction pipe 6 rotates, preventing overall damage. The device moves with the liquid flow pipe 9, which drives the rotary table 3 to rotate, thereby driving the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 to rotate at high speed. With the strong torque provided by the hollow shaft torque motor 7, the cutter head 4 and the cutting teeth roughly cut into the dense and brittle calcium carbonate crystals. The cutting stress causes the crystals to undergo microscopic brittle fracture, and countless micro-crack networks are instantly burst out on the cutting surface. At the same time, by moving the additional plate 12 to extend it from inside the extension groove 11, the overall diameter of the cutter head 4 can be increased, the contact area between the cutter head 4 and the crystal can be increased, and the single cutting efficiency can be improved. Through the atomizing nozzle 25, after the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 cut micro-cracks in the crystallized layer on the inner wall of the drain pipe, the system delivers an acidic agent with a concentration of 3% to 8% to the inside of the liquid flow pipe 9 and the connecting pipe 32 at constant pressure. After the agent is distributed by the acid distribution chamber 24, it arrives at the atomizing nozzle 25 and is sprayed out in an atomized state. The nozzle adopts a specific golden angle design of 15° to 45°, so that the atomized acidic agent can successfully penetrate the turbulent layer generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotating cutter head 4, and like precision guidance, it follows the tangential trajectory of the cutting of the carbide cutting teeth 5 and enters the deepest part of the micro-cracks that have just been torn in the crystallized layer. Once the acid enters the crevice, it immediately reacts violently with the fresh calcium carbonate. The carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction expands rapidly in the microscopic slit, forming aerodynamic implosion stress. This combined effect of chemical corrosion and aerodynamic expansion instantly destroys the lattice bonding force inside the crystalline layer, causing the mechanical yield strength of the remaining part to drop precipitously. The sudden drop in the strength of the crystal greatly reduces the mechanical resistance during the follow-cutting of the cutting tooth.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9The support base 1 and the main body 2 are provided with a support component for adaptive force. The support component includes several force blocks 19, which are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the support base 1 and the main body 2 respectively. An adaptation groove 22 is opened on one side of the force block 19. A fixing rod 23 is fixedly installed inside the adaptation groove 22. A torsion spring is provided on the outer circular wall of the fixing rod 23. An elastic support arm 20 is movably sleeved inside the adaptation groove 22. The elastic support arm 20 is movably sleeved with the fixing rod 23. A roller 21 is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic support arm 20 away from the main body 2. Each elastic support arm 20 is connected to an independent pressure sensor. Several electric push rods 29 are fixedly installed on the outside of the second slag suction pipe 8, and an adaptation block 30 is fixedly installed on the end of the electric push rod 29 away from the second slag suction pipe 8. With the rollers 21 in place, after the support base 1 and the main body base 2 enter the drainage pipe, the elastic support arms 20 are evenly spread outward under the action of the torsion spring until all the rollers 21 are tightly attached to and pressed against the inner wall of the drainage pipe. The pressure sensor provides real-time feedback on the force data of each support arm to ensure that each arm is subjected to balanced force. Through the radial tension of multiple elastic support arms 20, the support base 1 and the main body base 2 can be firmly locked on the central axis of the drainage pipe, while constructing a solid axial and radial reaction force base to provide stable support for subsequent heavy cutting. When the support seat 1 and the main seat 2 enter the drainage pipe for operation, the electric push rod 29 is activated by the set adaptation block 30. Its telescopic rod extends and drives the adaptation block 30 to move towards the pipe wall, so that the adaptation block 30 is close to the pipe wall. Multiple adaptation blocks 30 actively and radially adhere to the pipe wall, increasing the support stability of the support seat 1 and the main seat 2 in the pipeline. At the same time, the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 29 can flexibly compensate for the unevenness of the pipe wall, ensuring that the support force is continuously effective.

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A movable column 13 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cutter head 4. Several limiting grooves 14 are opened on the outer circular wall of the movable column 13. An installation sleeve 15 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the movable column 13. A first spring 16 is provided between the installation sleeve 15 and the bottom surface of the movable column 13. A movable groove 17 is opened on the top surface of the rotary table 3. Several limiting blocks 18 are fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the movable groove 17. The movable column 13 is movably sleeved with the movable groove 17. The limiting groove 14 is slidably connected with the limiting block 18. The installation sleeve 15 is fixedly sleeved with the movable groove 17. An annular circular groove is opened on the outside of the movable column 13 and is connected to the limiting groove 14. With the installation sleeve 15 in place, in the concealed works of the tunnel, the drainage pipe may have lumps formed by the leakage of high-grade cement slurry or sudden pipe wall narrowing. When the high-speed rotating cutter head 4 hits an uncuttable hard object, the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 will experience excessive resistance and slide into the interior of the movable groove 17. The limiting block 18 slides along the limiting groove 14 and approaches the cutter head 4. At the same time, the movable column 13 pulls down the first spring 16. Then the limiting block 18 enters the annular groove opened on the movable column 13, so that the movable groove 17 and the limiting groove 14 are disengaged, and the rotation restriction on the movable column 13 is released. At this time, the rotary table 3 drives the installation sleeve 15 to continue to rotate, but the movable column 13 and the cutter head 4 slip in the annular groove and cannot form an effective cutting torque. This ensures that the cutter head 4 will not continue to carry out destructive forced drilling on the hard object, and at the same time ensures that the original drainage pipe wall will not be violently penetrated.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A slag suction pipe 28 is fixedly installed on the outside of the main body 2. The slag suction pipe 28 extends into the inside of the main body 2. A rotating tube 26 is fixedly sleeved inside the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor 7. A snap-fit ​​shell 27 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotating tube 26. The snap-fit ​​shell 27 is fixedly sleeved with the first slag suction pipe 6. The liquid flow pipe 9 is movably sleeved with the rotating tube 26. The main body 2 and the first slag suction pipe 6 are rotatably connected by bearings. As the cutting operation progresses through the suction pipe 28, a large amount of mixed slurry, consisting of crystallized debris, waste acid, and residual wastewater from the original pipeline, is continuously generated. By connecting the vacuum equipment to the slag discharge hole 10, a strong negative pressure is transmitted to the interior of the main body 2 through the second suction pipe 8 and the first suction pipe 6, and then to the suction pipe 28 in the cutting area. When the mixed slurry peels off from the crystal layer and has not yet had a chance to settle or adhere to the pipe wall, it is instantly drawn in by the strong negative pressure of the suction pipe 28. It is then transported at high speed backward along the spindle axis through the main body 2, the first suction pipe 6, and the second suction pipe 8, and discharged outside the pipeline. This ensures that the cutting front end has a dry field of vision and contact surface, prevents the phenomenon of mud stuck in the bottom of the pipe, and also prevents excessive erosion of the original drainage pipe wall by high-concentration acid.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11The first suction pipe 6 is externally equipped with a detachment component for knocking down stubborn dirt from the inner wall of the drain pipe. The detachment component includes several support columns 33, all fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the main body 2. An internal gear ring 34 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the support columns 33. A sun gear 35 is disposed inside the internal gear ring 34 and is fixedly sleeved with the rotating pipe 26. Planetary gears 36 are disposed inside the internal gear ring 34 and mesh with both the internal gear ring 34 and the sun gear 35. A connecting rod 37 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the gear 36, and an eccentric ring 38 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod 37. Several crushing cones 39 are provided on the outer circular wall of the eccentric ring 38, and every two crushing cones 39 are arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner. Several buffer grooves 41 are opened on the outer circular wall of the eccentric ring 38, and a movable hole 42 is opened on one side of the inner side of the buffer groove 41. A buffer column 43 is fixedly installed on one end of the crushing cone 39 near the eccentric ring 38. The buffer column 43 is movably sleeved with the movable hole 42, and a second spring 44 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the buffer column 43. When the hollow shaft torque motor 7 drives the cutter head 4 to rotate via the crushing cone 39, its drive shaft first drives the rotating tube 26 and the sun gear 35 to rotate. The sun gear 35 meshes and drives the planetary gear 36 to rotate. In the planetary gear set composed of the inner gear ring 34, the sun gear 35 and the planetary gear 36, the inner gear ring 34 is fixed, which restricts the pure rotation of the planetary gear 36. This forces the planetary gear 36 to move along the inner wall of the inner gear ring 34 while rotating, thus generating revolution. The planetary gear 36 drives the eccentric ring 38 and the crushing cone 39 to perform a combined rotation and revolution motion through the connecting rod 37. The crushing cone 39 contacts the inner wall of the drain pipe and hammers the loosely attached crystals, causing them to fall off the inner wall. When the crushing cone 39 collides with hard crystals, the buffer column 43 compresses the second spring 44 and retracts into the buffer groove 41, playing a buffering and protective role.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14The main body 2 is equipped with a central assembly for winding up linear dirt inside the drain pipe. The central assembly includes several operating frames 45, which are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the main body 2. A drive motor 46 is fixedly installed on one side of the inside of each operating frame 45. An arc-shaped strip 47 is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft of the drive motor 46, and a universal ball joint 48 is fixedly installed at one end of the arc-shaped strip 47. A connecting rod 49 is provided inside the operating frame 45, and a universal ball joint is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rod 49 near the arc-shaped strip 47. A ball joint 50 is rotatably connected to a ball joint 48. A U-shaped frame 51 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rod 49 away from the ball joint 50. A mounting platform 52 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the operating frame 45. A mounting column 53 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting platform 52. A swing table 54 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the mounting column 53. A docking frame 55 is fixedly installed at the end of the swing table 54 near the connecting rod 49. A cross shaft 56 is movably connected inside the docking frame 55. The cross shaft 56 is movably sleeved with the U-shaped frame 51. The swing table 54 is located at the end of the connecting rod 49 away from the ball joint 50. A connecting block 57 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 49. A rotating column 58 is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting block 57. A linkage rod 59 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the rotating column 58. A limit rod 60 is fixedly installed on one side of the operating frame 45. A limiting rod 63 is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod 60. A sliding sleeve 61 is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod 60. A connecting column 62 is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the sliding sleeve 61. The connecting column 62 is movably connected to the linkage rod 59. The end of the sliding sleeve 61 away from the operating frame 45 is fixedly installed... A fixed ring 64 is provided, and a ball bearing 65 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixed ring 64. A rotating sleeve 68 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the outer ring of the ball bearing 65. Several hooks 69 are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the rotating sleeve 68. A spiral groove 70 is opened on the inner circular wall of the rotating sleeve 68. An extension rod 66 is fixedly installed at the end of the limiting rod 60 away from the operating frame 45. A resistance block 67 is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the extension rod 66. The extension rod 66 is movably sleeved with the rotating sleeve 68, and the resistance block 67 is slidably connected with the spiral groove 70. When the support base 1 is inside the drainage pipe, the drive motor 46 is started by the hook 69. The drive shaft of the drive motor 46 drives the arc strip 47 and the universal ball head 48 to rotate. When the universal ball head 48 makes a circular motion, it pulls the U-shaped frame 51 and the cross shaft 56 through the connecting rod 49, so that the docking frame 55, the swing table 54, the connecting block 57 and the second suction pipe 8 swing around the mounting column 53. At the same time, the connecting block 57 and the rotating column 58 pull the linkage rod 59, the connecting column 62 and the sliding sleeve 61 to move axially along the limit rod 60. The sliding sleeve 61 drives the rotating sleeve 68 and the hook 69 to reciprocate and extend. During the movement of the rotating sleeve 68, the resistance block 67 slides along the spiral groove 70, forcing the rotating sleeve 68 to rotate while extending and retracting. When linear dirt, such as fibers, roots and glue, is hooked by the hook 69, the dirt is wrapped around the surface of the rotating sleeve 68 as the rotating sleeve 68 reciprocates and extends and rotates, thus achieving winding and collection.

[0043] The surfaces of the support base 1 and the main body base 2 are coated with an acid-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene coating with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the atomizing nozzle 25 is made of alumina ceramic material.

[0044] Working principle: Please refer to Figures 1-14 As shown, when treating the hard calcified crystals inside the tunnel drainage pipe using the main body seat 2, the device is first sent into the pipe section to be cleaned. An external propulsion device then sends the support seat 1 and the main body seat 2 into the target area of ​​the drainage pipe. Subsequently, a hollow shaft torque motor 7 is used. Since the hollow shaft torque motor 7 has a large-diameter hollow shaft rotor, the rotation of the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor 7 will drive the first suction pipe 6 and the liquid flow pipe 9 to rotate. Because the first suction pipe 6 is connected to the main body seat 2 via bearings, when the first suction pipe 6 rotates, the main body seat 2 is in a stationary state. The first suction pipe 6 and the liquid flow pipe 9 rotate simultaneously. The liquid flow pipe 9 drives the rotary table 3 to rotate. When the rotary table 3 rotates, it drives the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 to rotate. This allows the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 to forcefully cut into the dense and brittle calcium carbonate crystals with strong torque. Under the action of cutting stress, the crystals undergo microscopic brittle fracture, and countless micro-crack networks are instantly generated on the cutting surface. By moving the extension plate 12, the crystals are moved out of the extension groove 11, thereby expanding the overall size of the cutter head 4 and increasing the contact area between the cutter head 4 and the crystal.

[0045] When the cutter head 4 and the carbide cutting teeth 5 create a gap between the crystals in the drain pipe through the atomizing nozzle 25, an acidic agent with a concentration of 3% to 8% is delivered under constant pressure through the liquid flow pipe 9 and the connecting pipe 32. The acidic agent then passes through the acid distribution chamber 24 and reaches the atomizing nozzle 25, where it is atomized and sprayed out. Thanks to a specific golden angle of 15 to 45 degrees, the atomized acidic agent can successfully penetrate the turbulent layer surrounding the rotating cutter head 4, much like precision guidance. Following the tangential trajectory of the carbide cutting tooth 5, it directly penetrates the deepest part of the micro-cracks that have just been torn open in the crystalline layer. Once the acid enters the crack, it immediately reacts violently with the fresh calcium carbonate. The carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction expands rapidly in the micro-cracks, forming aerodynamic implosion stress. This chemical corrosion and aerodynamic expansion instantly destroy the lattice bonding force inside the crystalline layer, causing the mechanical yield strength of the remaining part to drop sharply. The sudden drop in the strength of the crystal greatly reduces the mechanical resistance when the follow-up cutting tooth advances.

[0046] With the rollers 21 in place, when the support base 1 and the main body base 2 enter the drainage pipe, the elastic support arms 20 will spread outward evenly under the action of the torsion spring until all the rollers 21 are tightly attached to and pressed against the inner wall of the drainage pipe. Then, the pressure sensor provides real-time feedback data to ensure that each arm is subjected to balanced force. Through the radial tension of multiple elastic support arms 20, the support base 1 and the main body base 2 can be firmly locked on the central axis of the drainage pipe, thus constructing a solid axial and radial reaction force base.

[0047] By using the mounting sleeve 15, in tunnel concealed works, drainage pipes often experience high-grade cement slurry leakage and clumping, or sudden narrowing of the pipe wall. When the high-speed rotating cutter head 4 impacts an uncuttable hard object, the cutter head 4 and carbide cutting teeth 5 will slide into the interior of the movable groove 17 due to resistance. Consequently, the limiting block 18 slides along the interior of the limiting groove 14 and approaches the position of the cutter head 4. At the same time, the movable column 13 will pull the first spring 16 downward. Subsequently, the limiting block 18 will enter the annular groove opened on the movable column 13. At this time, when the rotating table 3 drives the mounting sleeve 15, the movable column 13, and the cutter head 4 to rotate, the movable groove 17 disengages from the limiting groove 14, releasing the restriction on the movable column 13. Only the mounting sleeve 15 will continue to rotate, while the movable groove 17 will move within the annular groove. This allows the cutter head 4 and the movable column 13 to continuously slip during continuous rotation, preventing effective continuous rotation and ensuring that the cutter head 4 will not continue to perform destructive forced drilling on hard objects, while also ensuring that the original pipe wall will not be violently penetrated.

[0048] As the cutting operation progresses through the suction pipe 28, a large amount of mixed slurry, consisting of crystallized debris, waste acid, and residual wastewater from the original pipeline, is continuously generated. By connecting the vacuum equipment to the slag discharge hole 10, a powerful suction force is transmitted through the second suction pipe 8 and the first suction pipe 6 to the interior of the main body 2, and then to the suction pipe 28 in the cutting operation area. When the mixed slurry peels off from the crystal layer, before it has a chance to settle or adhere to the pipe wall, it is instantly drawn in by the powerful negative pressure cyclone of the suction pipe 28. It is then transported at high speed along the main shaft axis through the main body 2, the first suction pipe 6, and the second suction pipe 8, and discharged out of the pipeline. This ensures that the cutting front end has a dry field of vision and contact surface, and also prevents the phenomenon of mud stuck in the bottom of the pipe, thus preventing excessive erosion of the original drainage pipe wall by high-concentration acid.

[0049] When the support seat 1 and the main body seat 2 enter the drain pipe for operation, the extension rod of the electric push rod 29 will drive the adaptation block 30 to move towards the pipe wall, thereby allowing the adaptation block 30 to be close to the pipe wall. This allows multiple adaptation blocks 30 to be radially attached to the pipe wall, which facilitates increased support for the support seat 1 and the main body seat 2 in the pipe. At the same time, the extension rod of the electric push rod 29 ensures flexible compensation on the uneven pipe wall.

[0050] Through the set crushing cone 39, when the hollow shaft torque motor 7 drives the cutter head 4 to rotate inside the drain pipe, the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor 7 first drives the rotating tube 26 and the sun gear 35 to rotate. Then, the sun gear 35 meshes and drives the planetary gear 36 to rotate. Since the inner gear ring 34, the sun gear 35 and the planetary gear 36 form a planetary gear set, when the sun gear 35 rotates, the sun gear 35 meshes with the planetary gear 36, causing the planetary gear 36 to start rotating. At the same time, since the inner gear ring 34 is fixed and cannot rotate, it limits... The planetary gear 36 is constrained to rotate. This constraint forces the planetary gear 36 to travel along the inner wall of the inner gear ring 34 while rotating, thus generating a revolution. The planetary gear 36 then drives the eccentric ring 38 and the crushing cone 39 to rotate and revolve through the connecting rod 37. The crushing cone 39 then contacts the inner wall of the drain pipe, which facilitates the hammering of loosely attached crystals, causing them to fall off the inner wall. When the crushing cone 39 collides with the hard crystals on the pipe wall, the crushing cone 39 will drive the buffer column 43 to compress the second spring 44 and retract into the buffer groove 41.

[0051] With the hook 69 in place, when the support base 1 is inside the drainage pipe, the drive shaft of the drive motor 46 rotates, causing the arc-shaped strip 47 and the universal ball joint 48 to rotate. As the universal ball joint 48 rotates in a circular motion and changes position, it pulls the connecting rod 49 to move. When the universal ball joint 48 rotates to a position close to the inner bottom surface of the operating frame 45, it drives the universal ball socket 50, the connecting rod 49, and the U-shaped frame 51 to rotate. The U-shaped frame 51 then pulls the cross shaft 56, which in turn drives the docking frame 55. The swing table 54, connecting block 57, and second suction pipe 8 rotate around the outside of the mounting column 53 towards the drive motor 46. At this time, the connecting block 57 and the rotating column 58 pull the linkage rod 59, connecting column 62, and sliding sleeve 61 to move, causing the sliding sleeve 61 to move axially along the outside of the limit rod 60. At this time, the sliding sleeve 61 will drive the rotating sleeve 68 and the hook 69 to slide towards the position of the operating frame 45, so that the rotating sleeve 68 and the hook 69 can move away from the drain pipe wall. When the arc strip 47 drives the universal ball head 48 to rotate upward away from the operating frame... When the inner bottom surface of the 45 is in position, the universal ball joint 48 drives the universal ball socket 50, connecting rod 49, U-shaped frame 51 and cross shaft 56 to move. The U-shaped frame 51 then pushes the docking frame 55, swing table 54, connecting block 57 and rotating column 58 to rotate around the mounting column 53 in a direction away from the arc strip 47. The movement of the rotating column 58 pushes the linkage rod 59 to drive the connecting column 62, sliding sleeve 61, rotating sleeve 68 and hook 69 to move away from the operating frame 45. At this time, the rotating sleeve 68 and hook 69 approach the pipe wall. Through the continuous rotation of the arc strip 47, the operating frame 45 can be moved... The sliding sleeve 61, rotating sleeve 68, and hook 69 reciprocate and extend, which facilitates the winding of linear dirt inside the drain pipe. When the rotating sleeve 68 moves, the resistance block 67 moves along the inside of the spiral groove 70 due to the restriction of the resistance block 67. This allows the rotating sleeve 68 to drive the hook 69 to rotate. Through the reciprocating movement of the rotating sleeve 68, the rotating sleeve 68 can drive the hook 69 to rotate back and forth. When the linear dirt is hooked by the hook 69, the reciprocating rotation of the rotating sleeve 68 and the hook 69 makes it easy to wrap the linear dirt around the surface of the rotating sleeve 68.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device, characterized in that, include: A support base (1) is provided with a main body base (2) on its top surface. A rotating platform (3) is provided on the top surface of the main body base (2). A cutter head (4) is provided on the top surface of the main body base (2). Several extension slots (11) are provided on the outside of the cutter head (4). An extension plate (12) is slidably connected inside the extension slots (11). Several carbide cutting teeth (5) are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the cutter head (4) and the extension plate (12). A cleaning component is provided on the bottom surface of the main body (2) for cleaning the active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe by calcium hardening and crystallization. The cleaning component includes: a first slag suction pipe (6), which is provided on the bottom surface of the main body (2). A number of support rods (31) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the support base (1). A hollow shaft torque motor (7) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the support rods (31). A second slag suction pipe (8) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the hollow shaft torque motor (7). The second slag suction pipe (8) passes through the support base (1). A slag discharge hole (10) is opened on the bottom surface of the support base (1). A liquid flow pipe (9) is fixedly sleeved inside the first slag suction pipe (6). The liquid flow pipe (9) passes through the hollow shaft torque motor (7) and is movably sleeved with the second slag suction pipe (8). The liquid flow pipe (9) passes through the main body (2) and extends to the inside of the rotating table (3). The rotary table (3) is externally equipped with a spraying assembly for precisely targeting and injecting acidic agents into the micro-cracks generated instantaneously during the cutting of the crystalline layer; The support base (1) and the main body base (2) are provided with support components on the outside for the overall device to adapt to the force on the inner wall of the drain pipe; The first suction pipe (6) is provided with a detachment component for knocking down stubborn dirt on the inner wall of the drain pipe. The main body (2) is provided with a concentrating assembly for winding up linear dirt inside the drain pipe, the concentrating assembly including: Several operating frames (45) are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the main body (2). A drive motor (46) is fixedly installed on one side of the inside of each operating frame (45). An arc-shaped strip (47) is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft of the drive motor (46). A universal ball joint (48) is fixedly installed at one end of the arc-shaped strip (47). A connecting rod (49) is provided inside the operating frame (45). The connecting rod (49) is close to the arc-shaped strip (47). A universal ball socket (50) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod (49), which is rotatably connected to the universal ball head (48). A U-shaped frame (51) is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rod (49) away from the universal ball socket (50). A mounting platform (52) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the operating frame (45). A mounting column (53) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting platform (52). A swing table (54) is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the mounting column (53). The swing table (54) is close to the connecting rod. A docking frame (55) is fixedly installed at one end of the rod (49). A cross shaft (56) is movably connected inside the docking frame (55). The cross shaft (56) is movably sleeved with the U-shaped frame (51). A connecting block (57) is fixedly installed at the end of the swing table (54) away from the connecting rod (49). A rotating column (58) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting block (57). A linkage rod (59) is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the rotating column (58). One side of the operating frame (45) A limiting rod (60) is fixedly installed, and a limiting rod (63) is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod (60). A sliding sleeve (61) is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the limiting rod (60). A connecting column (62) is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the sliding sleeve (61). The connecting column (62) is movably connected to the linkage rod (59). A rotating sleeve (68) is provided at one end of the sliding sleeve (61). Several hooks (69) are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the rotating sleeve (68).

2. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jetting assembly includes: Several acid distribution chambers (24) are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating platform (3). Two atomizing nozzles (25) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotating platform (3). The atomizing nozzles (25) extend into the inside of the acid distribution chambers (24). Several connecting pipes (32) are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the liquid flow pipe (9). The connecting pipes (32) extend into the inside of the liquid flow pipe (9). The other end of the connecting pipes (32) passes through the rotating platform (3) and extends into the inside of the acid distribution chambers (24). The atomizing nozzles (25) form an angle of 15 to 45 degrees with the axis of the first slag suction pipe (6).

3. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support components include: Several force-bearing blocks (19) are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the support base (1) and the main body base (2). An adaptation groove (22) is provided on one side of the force-bearing block (19). A fixing rod (23) is fixedly installed inside the adaptation groove (22). A torsion spring is provided on the outer circular wall of the fixing rod (23). An elastic support arm (20) is movably sleeved inside the adaptation groove (22). The elastic support arm (20) is movably sleeved with the fixing rod (23). A roller (21) is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic support arm (20) away from the main body base (2). Each elastic support arm (20) is connected to an independent pressure sensor.

4. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the cutter head (4) is fixedly installed with a movable column (13). The outer circular wall of the movable column (13) is provided with several limiting grooves (14). The outer circular wall of the movable column (13) is movably fitted with an installation sleeve (15). A first spring (16) is provided between the installation sleeve (15) and the bottom surface of the movable column (13). The top surface of the rotary table (3) is provided with a movable groove (17). The inner circular wall of the movable groove (17) is fixedly installed with several limiting blocks (18). The movable column (13) is movably fitted with the movable groove (17). The limiting groove (14) is slidably connected with the limiting block (18). The installation sleeve (15) is fixedly fitted with the movable groove (17). The outer side of the movable column (13) is provided with an annular circular groove that is connected to the limiting groove (14).

5. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag suction pipe (28) is fixedly installed on the outside of the main body (2). The slag suction pipe (28) extends into the interior of the main body (2). A rotating tube (26) is fixedly sleeved inside the drive shaft of the hollow shaft torque motor (7). A snap-fit ​​shell (27) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the rotating tube (26). The snap-fit ​​shell (27) is fixedly sleeved with the first slag suction pipe (6). The liquid flow pipe (9) is movably sleeved with the rotating tube (26). The main body (2) and the first slag suction pipe (6) are rotatably connected by bearings.

6. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several electric push rods (29) are fixedly installed on the outside of the second slag suction pipe (8), and an adaptation block (30) is fixedly installed on the end of the electric push rod (29) away from the second slag suction pipe (8).

7. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detachment component includes: A number of support columns (33) are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the main body (2). An internal gear ring (34) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support columns (33). A sun gear (35) is provided inside the internal gear ring (34). The sun gear (35) is fixedly sleeved with the rotating tube (26). A planetary gear (36) is provided inside the internal gear ring (34). The planetary gear (36) meshes with the internal gear ring (34) and the sun gear (35) respectively. A connecting rod (37) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the planetary gear (36). An eccentric ring (38) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod (37). A number of crushing cones (39) are provided on the outer circular wall of the eccentric ring (38). Every two crushing cones (39) are arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner.

8. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer circular wall of the eccentric ring (38) is provided with a plurality of buffer grooves (41), and a movable hole (42) is provided on one side of the inner side of the buffer groove (41). A buffer column (43) is fixedly installed on one end of the crushing cone (39) near the eccentric ring (38). The buffer column (43) is movably sleeved with the movable hole (42), and a second spring (44) is movably sleeved on the outer circular wall of the buffer column (43).

9. The active variable diameter tunnel drainage pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing ring (64) is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding sleeve (61) away from the operating frame (45). A ball bearing (65) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circular wall of the fixing ring (64). The outer circular wall of the outer ring of the ball bearing (65) is fixedly sleeved with the rotating sleeve (68). A spiral groove (70) is opened on the inner circular wall of the rotating sleeve (68). An extension rod (66) is fixedly installed at one end of the limiting rod (60) away from the operating frame (45). A resistance block (67) is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the extension rod (66). The extension rod (66) is movably sleeved with the rotating sleeve (68). The resistance block (67) is slidably connected with the spiral groove (70).

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