A ring roller high-pressure spinning device and a ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method for cylindrical parts

Abstract

This invention provides a ring roller high-pressure spinning device and a ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method for cylindrical parts, belonging to the field of spinning forming technology. In the ring roller high-pressure spinning device provided by this invention, the contact between the working surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical part blank is an inward tangential contact. This inward tangential contact can expand the deformation zone in the subsequent spinning forming process, causing stress to concentrate in the deformation zone, thereby increasing the spinning force and improving the degree of plastic deformation of the inner layer blank. The axial strain and circumferential strain in the radial direction of the cylindrical part blank are more uniform compared to outward tangential contact, thus making the cylindrical part blank exhibit uniform deformation as a whole. The contact area between the ring roller and the cylindrical part blank is larger than that of the spinning wheel. The increased contact area leads to an increased load requirement for the ring roller, enabling the ring roller to withstand the larger load generated during the spinning process. This allows for the processing of thick-walled blanks with a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 7-10 with high processing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinning forming technology, and in particular to a ring roller high-pressure spinning device and a ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method for cylindrical parts. Background Technology

[0002] The wall thickness reduction process for thick-walled cylindrical components with outwardly reinforcing ribs is generally machining. Since high-performance cylindrical components are typically made from forged billets or rolled plates, the internal grains are elongated along the deformation direction, forming continuous and dense fibrous flow lines. This endows the material with excellent mechanical properties. Machining cuts these fibrous flow lines, thereby significantly reducing the material's fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance, and overall load-bearing capacity, leading to performance degradation. Furthermore, cylindrical components manufactured using machining processes also suffer from low material utilization, long manufacturing cycles, and high processing costs.

[0003] Compared to machining, high-power spinning, as a near-net-shape forming technology, applies enormous compressive stress to a high-speed rotating blank, causing controllable plastic flow and wall thinning point by point. The blank is elongated along the axial direction, and this process significantly improves the mechanical properties of the material through work hardening. The strength, hardness, and fatigue life of the finished product are often superior to those of the original blank. Furthermore, high-power spinning offers advantages such as lower deformation force, simpler molds, higher material utilization, and shorter production cycles. Therefore, using high-power spinning for continuous localized plastic deformation of high-performance cylindrical parts can significantly solve the problem of streamline breakage after machining.

[0004] However, traditional spinning machines use a chuck to fix the mandrel and blank, then employ the mandrel as the inner mold and a movable spinning wheel as the outer mold. During spinning, the chuck drives the mandrel and blank to rotate axially, and the spinning wheel moves along the radial and axial directions of the blank's outer surface to achieve powerful spinning. However, because the contact between the spinning wheel and the blank is tangential, this contact relationship severely restricts the deformation zone. Plastic deformation is mainly concentrated in the contact area between the blank and the spinning wheel, while the surrounding area is mostly an elastic deformation zone. This results in a small contact area between the spinning wheel and the blank when processing thick-walled blanks (diameter-to-thickness ratio 7-10, where the diameter-to-thickness ratio is the ratio of the blank's outer diameter to its wall thickness), meaning the deformation zone is small. The inner metal often doesn't deform sufficiently, leading to defects such as delamination and cracks in cylindrical blanks. Furthermore, because the traditional spinning wheel operates in a cantilevered state during powerful spinning, the force on the spinning wheel along the workpiece's axial direction is uneven, making it prone to cracking and failing to meet the rolling load requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ring roller high-pressure spinning device and a ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method for cylindrical parts. The ring roller high-pressure spinning device provided by this invention can be used to process thick-walled blanks. During the processing, the force is uniform, and it is not easy to crack. Moreover, the cylindrical parts are free from defects such as delamination and cracks.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a ring roller high-power spinning device, including a chuck and a mandrel fixed at one end to the chuck, and further including a mold base that can move along the axial direction of the mandrel and a ring roller fixed on the mold base; The ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface.

[0007] Preferably, the forming angle of the processed conical surface is 15°~45°, and the exit angle of the unloading conical surface is 5°~10° larger than the forming angle.

[0008] Preferably, a burnished cylindrical surface is further included between the processed conical surface and the unloading conical surface.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the processed conical surface further includes a pressing surface, and the angle between the pressing surface and the axial direction of the ring roller is 5°~8°.

[0010] Preferably, the mold base includes a fixed surface and a movable surface for the ring roller.

[0011] This invention provides a method for high-intensity spinning of ring rolls, which uses the ring roll high-intensity spinning device described above to perform ring roll high-intensity spinning, and includes the following steps: One end of the cylindrical blank is fixed to the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is fitted between the mandrel and the ring roller; The moving die holder makes the machined surface of the ring roller tangentially contact the outer surface of the cylindrical blank, and then the ring roller is fed axially along the rotating chuck to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part.

[0012] Preferably, the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy, and the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the cylindrical blank is 7~10.

[0013] Preferably, the rotational speed of the chuck is 50~600 r / min.

[0014] Preferably, the feed ratio is 0.3~2.5 mm / r.

[0015] Preferably, the single-pass thinning rate of the spinning process is 10-35%.

[0016] This invention provides a ring roller high-power spinning device, including a chuck and a mandrel fixed at one end to the chuck, a mold base movable along the axial direction of the mandrel, and a ring roller fixed to the mold base; the ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface. This invention replaces the spinning wheel in a high-power spinning device with a ring roller. When thinning cylindrical parts, the cylindrical part blank is placed inside the ring roller, and the contact between the working surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical part blank is tangential contact. This tangential contact expands the deformation zone of the cylindrical part blank during spinning, causing stress to concentrate in the deformation zone, thereby increasing the spinning force and improving the degree of plastic deformation of the inner layer blank. The axial and circumferential strains in the radial direction of the cylindrical part blank are more uniform compared to tangential contact, thus resulting in uniform deformation of the entire cylindrical part blank. Meanwhile, the contact area between the ring roller and the cylindrical blank is larger than that of the spinning wheel. This increased contact area leads to a higher load requirement for the ring roller, enabling it to withstand the larger load generated during the spinning process. This allows for the processing of thick-walled blanks with a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 7-10 with high processing accuracy. The results of the embodiments show that the cylindrical blank with outwardly reinforcing ribs obtained by the ring roller powerful spinning forming method provided by this invention has high precision, specifically: 6061 aluminum alloy: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.2mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; 304 stainless steel: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.3mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; TC4 titanium alloy: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.4mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the processing cone surface and the unloading cone surface provided by the present invention is shown, wherein 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, and 5 is the fillet radius; Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the processed conical surface, the unloading conical surface, and the polished cylindrical surface provided by the present invention, wherein 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, 3 is the polished cylindrical surface, 5 is the fillet radius, and 6 is the polishing angle; Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the processing cone surface, unloading cone surface, polishing cylindrical surface and pressing surface provided by the present invention, wherein 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, 3 is the polishing cylindrical surface, 4 is the pressing surface, 5 is the fillet radius, and 6 is the polishing angle. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical blank installed in a ring roller high-pressure spinning device, where 1 is the mandrel, 2 is the chuck, 3 is the cylindrical blank, 4 is the ring roller, and 5 is the die base; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical part with outward reinforcing ribs and the ring roller powerful spinning device when they are not separated. In the diagram, 1 is the mandrel, 2 is the chuck, 3 is the blank, 4 is the ring roller, 5 is the die base, and a, b and c are all reinforcing ribs. Figure 6 The diagram below illustrates the structure of a cylindrical blank installed in a conventional high-power spinning device for spin forming, as shown in Comparative Example 1. In this diagram, 1 is a conventional spinning wheel, 4 is a chuck, and 5 is a mandrel. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5, in which a cylindrical blank is installed in a ring roller high-power spinning device for spinning forming, wherein 2 is the ring roller and 3 is the cylindrical blank; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the contact arc between the conventional rotary wheel and the cylindrical blank in Comparative Example 1 when the pressing amount is the same; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the contact arc between the ring roller and the cylindrical blank in Example 5 when the reduction amount is the same; Figure 10 The spinning models and equivalent plastic strain results for the conventional spinning wheel in Comparative Example 1 and the ring roller spinning in Example 5 are shown below. (a) is the conventional spinning model of Comparative Example 1; (b) is the ring roller spinning model of Example 5; (c) is the equivalent plastic strain result of conventional spinning in Comparative Example 1; and (d) is the equivalent plastic strain result of ring roller spinning in Example 5. Figure 11 This is a comparison of the load conditions on the spinning wheel when using a conventional high-power spinning device for spinning in Comparative Example 1. Figure 12 The load on the spinning wheel during spinning forming using a conventional high-power spinning device in Example 5; Figure 13 This is a finite element simulation strain distribution diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical blank subjected to ring roll spinning in Example 3. Figure 14 The strain distribution diagram is a finite element simulation of the ring roll forming of TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical blank in Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention provides a ring roller high-power spinning device, including a chuck and a mandrel fixed at one end to the chuck, and further including a mold base that can move along the axial direction of the mandrel and a ring roller fixed on the mold base; The ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface.

[0019] The ring roller high-power spinning device provided by the present invention includes a chuck and a mandrel with one end fixed on the chuck.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, a chuck seat is provided on one side of the chuck; the chuck seat is a cylindrical recess; the cylindrical recess coincides with the axis of the chuck.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the chuck is further provided with a chuck hole; the chuck hole is a through cylindrical hole; the axis of the chuck hole and the chuck seat coincide.

[0022] In this invention, the diameter of the mounting base is preferably larger than the diameter of the mounting hole. By controlling the dimensions of the mounting base and the mounting hole, this invention can preserve the installation position of the cylindrical blank within the dimensional difference.

[0023] In this invention, one end of the mandrel is preferably fixed through a retaining hole.

[0024] In this invention, the diameter of the retaining hole is preferably the same as the diameter of the mandrel. By controlling the dimensions of both, this invention allows the mandrel to be fixed in the retaining hole.

[0025] The ring roller high-power spinning device provided by the present invention further includes a mold base that can move along the axial direction of the mandrel and a ring roller fixed on the mold base.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved outside the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface.

[0027] In this invention, the forming angle of the processed conical surface is preferably 15°~45°, and the exit angle of the unloading conical surface is preferably 5°~10° larger than the forming angle. As one embodiment of this invention, the forming angle of the processed conical surface can be 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, or 40°; the exit angle of the unloading conical surface can be 6°, 7°, 8°, or 9° larger than the forming angle. This invention, by controlling the forming angle and exit angle of the processed conical surface, is beneficial for improving the processing efficiency of the ring roller on the cylindrical blank.

[0028] The structural schematic diagrams of the machining cone surface and the unloading cone surface provided by this invention are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, and 5 is the fillet radius.

[0029] In this invention, a polished cylindrical surface is preferably included between the processed conical surface and the unloading conical surface; the polished cylindrical surface is preferably located between the forming angle and the exit angle. In this invention, the polished cylindrical surface can polish the surface of the workpiece, improving the surface finish of the workpiece.

[0030] The structural schematic diagrams of the machining conical surface, unloading conical surface, and polishing cylindrical surface provided by this invention are shown below. Figure 2As shown, 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, 3 is the calendering cylinder, 5 is the fillet radius, and 6 is the calendering angle.

[0031] In this invention, when the area between the machining cone surface and the unloading cone surface does not include a polishing cylindrical surface, the fillet radius of the machining cone surface is... γ ρ The preferred value is shown in Equation I: γ ρ = (0.6~1.0) t 0 Formula I; In formula I, t 0 This refers to the wall thickness of the cylindrical blank.

[0032] In this invention, when a burnishing cylindrical surface is included between the processed conical surface and the unloading conical surface, the fillet radius of the processed conical surface is... γ ρ The preferred value is shown in Equation II: γ ρ == Formula II; In formula II, t 0 This refers to the wall thickness of the cylindrical blank.

[0033] This invention selects the fillet radius of the machining cone surface based on the structure of the machining surface, which can improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the formed parts.

[0034] In this invention, the light-pressing angle β ρ Preferably, the angle is 2 to 4 degrees, and more preferably 3 degrees.

[0035] In this invention, the length of the pressing angle is preferably taken as shown in Equation III: L ρ ≥1.5 f max Formula III; In Equation III, L ρ This is the length of the light-pressing angle, in mm; f max This represents the maximum selectable feed ratio.

[0036] In this invention, the front end of the processed conical surface preferably further includes a pressing surface; the angle between the pressing surface and the axial direction of the ring roller is 5°~8°, preferably 6~7°. In this invention, the pressing surface can suppress the bulges and accumulations of material in front of the ring roller, and sometimes it can also play a pre-forming role.

[0037] The structural schematic diagrams of the machining conical surface, unloading conical surface, polishing cylindrical surface, and pressing surface provided by this invention are shown below. Figure 3 As shown, 1 is the forming angle, 2 is the exit angle, 3 is the calendering cylinder, 4 is the pressing surface, 5 is the fillet radius, and 6 is the calendering angle.

[0038] In this invention, the mold base preferably includes a fixed surface and a movable surface for the ring roller; the fixed surface is preferably fixed to the ring roller by bolts; the movable surface is preferably fixed to a movable device. This invention does not specifically limit the type or source of the movable device; any device well-known to those skilled in the art capable of driving the ring roller to move axially and radially can be used. In this invention, the ring roller is moved by moving the mold base.

[0039] In this invention, the inner diameter of the mold base is preferably larger than the inner diameter of the ring roller. By controlling the inner diameter dimensions of the mold base and the ring roller, this invention ensures that the moving mold base causes the machined conical surface of the ring roller to form an internal tangential contact with the cylindrical blank.

[0040] This invention replaces the spinning wheel in a high-power spinning device with a ring roller for thinning cylindrical parts. The cylindrical blank is placed inside the ring roller, and the working surface of the ring roller contacts the outer surface of the cylindrical blank in an inward tangential contact. This inward tangential contact expands the deformation zone of the cylindrical blank during spinning, causing stress concentration in the deformation zone, thereby increasing the spinning force and improving the plastic deformation degree of the inner blank. The axial and circumferential strains in the radial direction of the cylindrical blank are more uniform compared to outward tangential contact, resulting in uniform deformation of the cylindrical blank as a whole. Simultaneously, the contact area between the ring roller and the cylindrical blank is larger than that of the spinning wheel. This increased contact area leads to a higher load requirement on the die holder, enabling the ring roller to withstand the larger loads generated during spinning. This allows for the processing of thick-walled blanks with a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 7-10 with high processing accuracy.

[0041] This invention also provides a method for ring roll high-pressure spinning forming, which uses the ring roll high-pressure spinning device described in the above technical solution to perform ring roll high-pressure spinning forming, including the following steps: One end of the cylindrical blank is fixed to the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is fitted between the mandrel and the ring roller; The moving die holder makes the machined surface of the ring roller tangentially contact the outer surface of the cylindrical blank, and then the ring roller is fed axially along the rotating chuck to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part.

[0042] In this invention, the cylindrical blank is preferably made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or titanium alloy; the aluminum alloy is preferably 6061 aluminum alloy; the stainless steel is preferably 304 stainless steel; the titanium alloy is preferably TC4 titanium alloy; the hardness of the 6061 aluminum alloy is preferably 30~35 HBW; the hardness of the 304 stainless steel is preferably 150~170 HBW; the hardness of the TC4 titanium alloy is preferably 280~310 HBW; the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the cylindrical blank (the ratio of the outer diameter to the wall thickness of the cylindrical blank) is preferably 7~10, more preferably 8~9. By controlling the material and hardness of the cylindrical blank, this invention facilitates uniform deformation during subsequent processing and prevents cracking and other problems.

[0043] In this invention, when the material and hardness of the cylindrical blank do not meet the above requirements, it is preferable to perform an annealing softening treatment on the cylindrical blank. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the specific operation of the annealing softening treatment; it can be determined based on the technical knowledge of those skilled in the art that the material and hardness of the cylindrical blank can be matched.

[0044] In this invention, the outer surface roughness of the cylindrical blank is preferably ≤1.6μm. When the outer surface roughness of the cylindrical blank does not meet the above requirement, the present invention preferably performs milling on the cylindrical blank. The present invention does not have specific limitations on the specific milling operation; it only needs to ensure that the outer surface roughness of the cylindrical blank meets the requirements. By controlling the outer surface roughness of the cylindrical blank, the present invention can make the surface of the cylindrical blank smooth and defect-free.

[0045] In this invention, when the annealing and softening treatment and milling are performed simultaneously, it is preferable to first perform the annealing and softening treatment on the cylindrical blank, and then perform the milling. By performing the annealing and softening treatment first, and then performing the milling, this invention can avoid problems such as increased surface roughness or cracking of the cylindrical blank caused by heat treatment.

[0046] In this invention, the outer surface of the cylindrical blank preferably has a bevel; the depth of the bevel is preferably the same as the step height of the outward reinforcing rib with ring in the cylindrical blank; the position of the bevel is preferably on both sides of the platform of the outward reinforcing rib with ring in the cylindrical blank. This invention does not have a special limitation on the width of the bevel; it can be determined based on the technical knowledge of those skilled in the art, as long as the position of the outward reinforcing rib with ring in the cylindrical blank can be determined. By pre-processing a bevel on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank, this invention can determine the position of the outward reinforcing rib with ring, thereby facilitating subsequent spinning forming.

[0047] In this invention, the bevel is preferably prepared by machining; the machining is preferably performed after turning and milling. This invention does not have specific limitations on the specific machining operations, as long as the boss required to produce the outward reinforcing rib with ring is obtained. By machining the boss required to produce the outward reinforcing rib with ring on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank, this invention determines the position of the outward reinforcing rib with ring. During the subsequent spinning process, the working surface of the ring roller only needs to move axially along the mandrel axis according to a certain thinning rate. Compared to other methods, such as requiring the ring roller to be pressed down radially along the cylindrical blank for a certain thinning amount, this method avoids the large load that the ring roller needs to bear when moving radially.

[0048] In this invention, the inner diameter of the cylindrical blank is preferably the same as the inner diameter of the mandrel; the outer diameter of the cylindrical blank is preferably the same as the diameter of the chuck seat. By controlling the dimensions of the cylindrical blank, this invention ensures that the cylindrical blank is fixed in the chuck and will not move, thereby avoiding loosening of the cylindrical blank during processing and causing processing errors.

[0049] In this invention, the position where the machined surface of the ring roller makes tangential contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical blank is preferably on the side of the outermost bevel machined on the cylindrical blank, close to the center of the cylindrical blank. By controlling the position of this tangential contact, this invention facilitates control of the movement direction in subsequent spinning forming.

[0050] Preferably, this invention coats both the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical blank with spinning oil before mounting. This invention does not specifically limit the type of spinning oil; any spinning oil well-known to those skilled in the art can be used depending on the material of the cylindrical blank. This invention also does not specifically limit the amount of spinning oil used; it can be determined based on the technical knowledge of those skilled in the art. As one embodiment of this invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the spinning oil can be aluminum alloy spinning oil; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the spinning oil can be stainless steel spinning oil; and when the cylindrical blank is made of titanium alloy, the spinning oil can be titanium alloy spinning oil. This invention facilitates subsequent spinning forming by applying spinning oil.

[0051] As one embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical blank installed in the ring roller high-pressure spinning device is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, 1 is the mandrel, 2 is the chuck, 3 is the cylindrical blank, 4 is the ring roller, and 5 is the die holder. (The remaining text appears to be a fragment and requires further context for accurate translation.) Figure 4 As can be seen, the mandrel is fixed on the chuck, one end of the cylindrical blank is fitted onto the mandrel, the ring roller is fixed on the die holder, the ring roller and the die holder pass through the other end of the cylindrical blank, and the machined surface of the ring roller is in contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical blank.

[0052] In this invention, the preferred method of spin forming is as follows: the mold base is moved so that the processing surface of the ring roller forms an internal tangential contact with the boss with the ring-shaped outward reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank; the chuck is rotated to drive the mandrel and the cylindrical blank to rotate; then the mold base is moved so that the ring roller moves along the axial direction of the cylindrical blank to another boss with the ring-shaped outward reinforcing ribs, thus completing a single-pass spin forming; then the above operation is repeated until the processing position between the two ring-shaped outward reinforcing ribs is completed.

[0053] In this invention, the rotational speed of the chuck is preferably 50~600 r / min; the spinning forming temperature is preferably room temperature. In this invention, during the spinning forming process, the chuck actively rotates, driving the cylindrical blank to rotate. Since the working surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank are in internal contact, the ring roller begins to rotate due to friction, thereby achieving the thinning of the cylindrical blank.

[0054] In this invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the spinning speed is preferably 400~600 r / min; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the spinning speed is preferably 300~600 r / min; and when the cylindrical blank is made of titanium alloy, the spinning speed is preferably 50~300 r / min. In one embodiment of the present invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the spinning speed can be 410 r / min, 420 r / min, 440 r / min, 450 r / min, 460 r / min, 480 r / min, 500 r / min, 520 r / min, 540 r / min, 550 r / min, 560 r / min, or 580 r / min; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the spinning speed can be 310 r / min, 320 r / min, 340 r / min, 350 r / min, 360 r / min, 380 r / min, 400 r / min, or 420 r / min. The rotational speeds are 440 r / min, 450 r / min, 460 r / min, 480 r / min, 500 r / min, 520 r / min, 540 r / min, 550 r / min, 560 r / min, or 580 r / min; when the cylindrical blank material is titanium alloy, the spinning speed can be 60 r / min, 80 r / min, 100 r / min, 120 r / min, 140 r / min, 150 r / min, 160 r / min, 180 r / min, 200 r / min, 220 r / min, 240 r / min, 250 r / min, 260 r / min, or 280 r / min. This invention, by selecting different spinning speeds for cylindrical blanks of different materials, helps control the thinning efficiency of the working surface of the ring roller on the cylindrical blank.

[0055] In this invention, the feed ratio is preferably 0.3~2.5 mm / r. By controlling the feed ratio of the ring roller, this invention facilitates the regulation of the thinning rate of the cylindrical blank by the ring roller.

[0056] In this invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the feed ratio is preferably 0.8~1.5 mm / r; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the feed ratio is preferably 0.5~1.0 mm / r; and when the cylindrical blank is made of titanium alloy, the feed ratio is preferably 0.3~1.0 mm / r. In one embodiment of the present invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the feed ratio can be 0.9 mm / r, 1.0 mm / r, 1.1 mm / r, 1.2 mm / r, 1.3 mm / r, or 1.4 mm / r; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the feed ratio is preferably 0.6 mm / r, 0.7 mm / r, 0.8 mm / r, or 0.9 mm / r; when the cylindrical blank is made of titanium alloy, the feed ratio is preferably 0.4 mm / r, 0.5 mm / r, 0.6 mm / r, 0.7 mm / r, 0.8 mm / r, or 0.9 mm / r. The present invention improves the thinning efficiency by selecting different feed ratios for cylindrical blanks of different materials.

[0057] In this invention, when the cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, the single-pass thinning rate of the spinning forming is preferably 20-35%; when the cylindrical blank is made of stainless steel, the single-pass thinning rate of the spinning forming is preferably 15-25%; and when the cylindrical blank is made of titanium alloy, the single-pass thinning rate of the spinning forming is preferably 10-20%. This invention, by controlling the single-pass thinning rate of the spinning forming according to different materials, can avoid excessive thinning rate leading to excessive stress on the cylindrical part and defects such as cracks, and can also improve processing efficiency.

[0058] In this invention, the direction of the spinning forming is preferably either forward or reverse spinning. Forward spinning means the direction of the ring roller movement is the same as the flow direction of the cylindrical blank; reverse spinning means the direction of the ring roller movement is opposite to the flow direction of the cylindrical blank. In this invention, forward spinning allows for precise matching of feed rate and thinning rate, with no metal accumulation at the step, and easy control of wall thickness tolerance and step position, thus enabling the forming of high-precision cylindrical parts. Reverse spinning requires no special structure for the mandrel, eliminates the need for customized flange mandrels, reduces tooling costs, allows for quick changeover and debugging, and is suitable for flexible production. Furthermore, during reverse spinning, the workpiece opening is rigidly clamped throughout, with no axial displacement, ensuring the perpendicularity of the formed rear end face. The deformation zone is concentrated, metal flow is sufficient, and large allowances can be quickly removed, resulting in high rough spinning efficiency. This makes it a suitable rough spinning process for small-batch, multi-variety trial production or for thick-walled, short cylindrical parts.

[0059] In this invention, the number of spin forming passes is preferably determined by the ratio of the step height of the outward reinforcing rib with ring to the wall thickness of the cylindrical part with outward reinforcing rib with ring, as shown in Formula IV: α = h / t′ (Equation IV) In Formula IV, h is the step height of the outward reinforcing rib with ring; t′ is the wall thickness of the cylindrical part with the outward reinforcing rib with ring.

[0060] In this invention, when α < 0.5, the number of spinning processes is preferably ≥ 1; when 0.5 ≤ α < 1.5, the number of spinning processes is preferably ≥ 2; and when 1.5 ≤ α ≤ 4, the number of spinning processes is preferably ≥ 3.

[0061] The present invention preferably further includes testing the hardness of the spun product after each spinning process. If the hardness of the spun product does not meet the above requirements, an annealing softening treatment is performed. The present invention does not have specific limitations on the specific operation of the annealing softening treatment, as long as the hardness of the product matches the material.

[0062] In this invention, when the cylindrical component with outward reinforcing ribs has multiple reinforcing ribs, the structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical component with outward reinforcing ribs and the ring roller force spinning device when they are not separated is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, 1 is the mandrel, 2 is the chuck, 3 is the blank, 4 is the ring roller, 5 is the die holder, and a, b, and c are reinforcing ribs. Figure 5 It can be seen that the ring roller high-strength spinning device provided by the present invention can prepare multiple reinforcing ribs on cylindrical blanks.

[0063] This invention determines the position of the outward reinforcing ribs by machining the required boss height of the ring-shaped reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank. During subsequent spinning, the working surface of the ring roller only needs to move axially along the mandrel axis at a certain thinning rate. Compared to other methods, such as requiring the ring roller to press down a certain amount of thinning along the radial direction of the cylindrical blank, this method avoids the large load that the ring roller must bear during radial movement. Through powerful spinning in the ring roller spinning device, the working surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank make tangential contact during processing. This tangential contact expands the deformation zone in the subsequent spinning process, concentrating stress in the deformation zone, thereby increasing the spinning force and improving the plastic deformation degree of the inner blank. The axial and circumferential strains in the radial direction of the cylindrical blank are more uniform compared to tangential contact, resulting in uniform deformation of the entire cylindrical blank. Meanwhile, the contact area between the ring roller and the cylindrical blank is larger than that of the spinning wheel. The increased contact area leads to an increased load requirement for the ring roller, enabling it to withstand the larger load generated during the spinning process.

[0064] The cylindrical part with outward reinforcing ribs obtained by the ring roller spinning forming method using the ring roller spinning device provided by this invention has high precision, as detailed below: 6061 aluminum alloy: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.2mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; 304 stainless steel: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.3mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; TC4 titanium alloy: wall thickness deviation: ≤0.3mm; roundness: ≤0.4mm; surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm.

[0065] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0066] Example 1 A ring roller high-power spinning device includes a chuck and a mandrel fixed at one end to the chuck, and also includes a mold base that can move along the axial direction of the mandrel and a ring roller fixed on the mold base. The ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface.

[0067] Example 2 A ring roller high-power spinning device includes a chuck and a mandrel fixed at one end to the chuck, and also includes a mold base that can move along the axial direction of the mandrel and a ring roller fixed on the mold base. One side of the chuck is provided with a chuck seat; the chuck seat is a cylindrical recess; the cylindrical recess coincides with the axis of the chuck; the chuck is also provided with a chuck hole; the chuck hole is a through cylindrical hole; the chuck hole coincides with the axis of the chuck seat; the diameter of the chuck seat is larger than the diameter of the chuck hole. One end of the mandrel passes through a retaining hole for fixation; the diameter of the retaining hole is the same as the diameter of the mandrel. The ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface; The forming angle of the processed conical surface is 40°, and the exit angle of the unloading conical surface is 5° larger than the forming angle; Between the processed conical surface and the unloading conical surface, there is also a burnishing cylindrical surface; the burnishing cylindrical surface is located between the forming angle and the exit angle; The fillet radius of the machined conical surface γ ρ The values ​​of are shown in Equation II: γ ρ == Formula II; In formula II, t 0 The wall thickness of the cylindrical blank; The pressing angle β ρ为 3°; the length of the pressing angle is shown in Equation III: L ρ ≥1.5 f max Formula III; In Equation III, f max This represents the maximum selectable feed ratio; The front end of the processed conical surface also includes a pressing surface; the angle between the pressing surface and the axial direction of the ring roller is 5°; The mold base includes a fixed surface and a movable surface for the ring roller; the fixed surface is fixed to the ring roller by bolts; the movable surface is fixed to the movable device; the inner diameter of the mold base is larger than the inner diameter of the ring roller.

[0068] Example 3 A method for high-intensity spinning of a ring roll, using the high-intensity spinning device described in Example 2, comprises the following steps: (1) The raw material pipe with TC4 titanium alloy and a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 10 is subjected to annealing and softening treatment. The annealing and softening treatment temperature is 940℃±10℃ and the annealing and softening treatment time is 2h. After air cooling to room temperature, the hardness is 300HBW. Then, the outer surface roughness is milled to ≤1.6μm. Next, according to the position of the reinforcing rib with ring, a bevel is machined on the outer surface of the raw material pipe. The depth of the bevel is the same as the step height of the reinforcing rib with ring (2.5mm). The position of the reinforcing rib with ring is determined to obtain the cylindrical blank. The total length of the cylindrical blank is 200mm, the inner diameter is 80mm, and the outer diameter is 100mm. (2) In step (1), the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical blank are coated with titanium alloy spinning oil. Then, one end of the cylindrical blank is fixed on the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is sleeved between the mandrel and the ring roller. The mold base is moved so that the processing surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank are in tangential contact. The position of the tangential contact is on the side of the outermost bevel of the cylindrical blank that is close to the center of the cylindrical blank. Then, while rotating the chuck, the ring roller is fed axially to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part. The spinning forming method in step (2) is as follows: move the mold base so that the processing surface of the ring roller forms an internal tangential contact with the boss with the ring-outward reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank. Rotate the chuck to drive the mandrel and the cylindrical blank to rotate. Then move the mold base so that the ring roller moves along the axial direction of the cylindrical blank to another boss with the ring-outward reinforcing ribs to complete the single-pass spinning forming. Then repeat the above operation until the processing position between the two ring-outward reinforcing ribs is completed. The number of spin forming passes is determined by the ratio of the step height of the reinforcing ribs to the wall thickness of the cylindrical part with the reinforcing ribs. After calculation, α is 0.3, so the number of spin forming passes is ≥1. Combining the total thinning rate and the thinning rate of a single pass, the number of spin forming passes is determined to be 2. The spin forming speed is 300 r / min, the temperature is room temperature, the feed ratio is 1.0 mm / r, and the spin forming direction is counter-rotating. The thinning rate of the first pass is 15%, and the thinning rate of the second pass is 12%. After each spin forming pass, a hardness test is performed. If the hardness meets the requirements, the next spin forming pass is repeated to obtain the cylindrical part.

[0069] The accuracy of the cylindrical part with outward reinforcing ribs prepared in Example 3 was tested, and the results were as follows: wall thickness deviation: ±0.118mm; roundness: 0.135mm.

[0070] Example 4 A method for high-intensity spinning of a ring roll, using the high-intensity spinning device described in Example 2, comprises the following steps: (1) The raw material pipe with TC4 titanium alloy and a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 10 is subjected to annealing and softening treatment. The annealing and softening treatment temperature is 940℃±10℃ and the annealing and softening treatment time is 2h. It is then air-cooled to room temperature to make its hardness 300HBW. Then, it is milled to the outer surface roughness ≤1.6μm. Next, according to the position of the reinforcing rib with ring, a bevel is machined on the outer surface of the raw material pipe. The depth of the bevel is the same as the step height of the reinforcing rib with ring (5mm). The position of the reinforcing rib with ring is determined to obtain the cylindrical blank. The total length of the cylindrical blank is 200mm, the inner diameter is 80mm, and the outer diameter is 100mm. (2) In step (1), the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical blank are coated with titanium alloy spinning oil. Then, one end of the cylindrical blank is fixed on the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is sleeved between the mandrel and the ring roller. The mold base is moved so that the processing surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank are in tangential contact. The position of the tangential contact is on the side of the outermost bevel of the cylindrical blank that is close to the center of the cylindrical blank. Then, while rotating the chuck, the ring roller is fed axially to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part. The spinning forming method in step (2) is as follows: move the mold base so that the processing surface of the ring roller forms an internal tangential contact with the boss with the ring-outward reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank. Rotate the chuck to drive the mandrel and the cylindrical blank to rotate. Then move the mold base so that the ring roller moves along the axial direction of the cylindrical blank to another boss with the ring-outward reinforcing ribs to complete the single-pass spinning forming. Then repeat the above operation until the processing position between the two ring-outward reinforcing ribs is completed. The number of spinning passes is determined by the ratio of the step height of the reinforcing ribs to the wall thickness of the cylindrical part with the reinforcing ribs. After calculation, α is 1, so the number of spinning passes is ≥2. Combining the total thinning rate and the thinning rate per pass, the number of spinning passes is determined to be 4. The spinning speed is 300 r / min, the temperature is room temperature, the feed ratio is 1.0 mm / r, and the spinning direction is counter-rotating. The thinning rate of the first pass is 20%, the second pass is 19%, the third pass is 15%, and the fourth pass is 9%. After each spinning pass, a hardness test is performed. If the hardness meets the requirements, the next spinning pass is repeated to obtain the cylindrical part.

[0071] The accuracy of the cylindrical part with outward reinforcing ribs prepared in Example 4 was tested, and the results were as follows: wall thickness deviation: ±0.025mm; roundness: 0.344mm.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 A traditional high-strength spinning forming method includes the following steps: (1) The raw material pipe with TC4 titanium alloy and a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 10 is subjected to annealing and softening treatment. The annealing and softening treatment temperature is 940℃±10℃ and the annealing and softening treatment time is 2h. After air cooling to room temperature, the hardness is 300HBW. Then, the outer surface roughness is ≤1.6μm to obtain the cylindrical blank. The total length of the cylindrical blank is 200mm, the inner diameter is 80mm and the outer diameter is 100mm. (2) Install the cylindrical blank from step (1) into a conventional high-power spinning device. The specific installation structure diagram is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the spinning wheel and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank are made into tangential contact. Then, while rotating the chuck, the spinning wheel is fed axially to perform spinning forming to obtain a cylindrical part. The spinning forming is performed once. The spinning forming speed is 300 r / min, the temperature is room temperature, the feed ratio is 1.0 mm / r, and the spinning forming direction is counter-rotating. The thinning rate of the spinning forming is 15%.

[0073] Example 5 A method for high-intensity spinning of a ring roll, using the high-intensity spinning device described in Example 2, comprises the following steps: (1) The raw material pipe with TC4 titanium alloy and a diameter-to-thickness ratio of 10 is subjected to annealing and softening treatment. The annealing and softening treatment temperature is 940℃±10℃ and the annealing and softening treatment time is 2h. After air cooling to room temperature, the hardness is 300HBW. Then, the outer surface roughness is ≤1.6μm to obtain the cylindrical blank. The total length of the cylindrical blank is 200mm, the inner diameter is 80mm and the outer diameter is 100mm. (2) In step (1), titanium alloy spinning oil is coated on the outer surface of the cylindrical blank. Then, one end of the cylindrical blank is fixed on the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is fitted between the mandrel and the ring roller. The mold base is moved so that the processing surface of the ring roller and the outer surface of the cylindrical blank are in tangential contact. The position of the tangential contact is at the outermost part of the cylindrical blank. Then, while rotating the chuck, the ring roller is fed axially to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part. The number of spinning forming passes is 1. The spinning forming speed is 300 r / min, the temperature is room temperature, the feed ratio is 1.0 mm / r, and the spinning forming direction is counter-rotating. The thinning rate of spinning forming is 15%.

[0074] Comparative Example 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cylindrical blank being spun into shape using a conventional high-power spinning device. Figure 6 As shown, 1 is a traditional spinning wheel, 4 is a chuck, and 5 is a mandrel; Example 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical blank being spun into shape using a ring roller high-pressure spinning device. Figure 7 As shown, 2 is the annular roller, and 3 is the cylindrical blank. (From...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that in traditional rotary spinning, the contact relationship between the rotary wheel and the blank is external tangential contact, while in the rotary spinning device provided by this invention, the contact relationship between the rotary roller and the blank becomes internal tangential contact. At the same time, in the rotary spinning device, the cylindrical blank is sleeved on the mandrel, and the inner surface of the cylindrical blank contacts the outer surface of the mandrel. The cylindrical blank is simultaneously locked by a chuck at the round end face of the mandrel on one side, so as to prevent loosening.

[0075] The schematic diagrams of the contact arcs between the conventional rotary wheel in Comparative Example 1 and the annular roller in Example 5 with the cylindrical blank when the pressing amount is the same are shown below. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, Δt is the reduction amount of the ring roller or conventional rotary wheel, R is the radius of the conventional rotary wheel or the inner radius of the ring roller, and r is the outer radius of the cylindrical blank. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The comparison shows that the use of ring rollers for spinning results in a larger arc wrap angle and deformation zone.

[0076] The spinning models and equivalent plastic strain results for the conventional spinning wheel in Example 1 and the ring roller spinning in Example 5 are as follows: Figure 10 As shown in the figure, (a) is the conventional high-pressure spinning model of Comparative Example 1; (b) is the ring roller high-pressure spinning model of Example 5; (c) is the equivalent plastic strain result of conventional high-pressure spinning in Comparative Example 1; (d) is the equivalent plastic strain result of ring roller high-pressure spinning in Example 5; the load condition of the spinning wheel when using the conventional high-pressure spinning device in Comparative Example 1 is as follows. Figure 11 As shown; the load condition of the spinning wheel during spinning forming using the ring roller high-pressure spinning device in Example 5 is as follows. Figure 12 As shown. By Figures 10-12 It can be seen that the die subjected to a greater load when using ring roller spinning is subjected to a greater rolling force on the billet, thereby making the deformation of the billet more uniform along the wall thickness direction.

[0077] Example 3: Finite element simulation strain distribution diagram of TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical blank subjected to ring roll spinning. Figure 13 As shown; the finite element simulation strain distribution diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical blank subjected to ring roll spinning in Example 4 is shown below. Figure 14 As shown; Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the image, (a) represents the initial forming state, and (b) represents the forming result. Figure 13 and Figure 14 It can be seen that when the ring roller high-power spinning device provided by the present invention is used to perform high-power spinning on TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical blanks, the stress is concentrated in the deformation zone, and the cylindrical blanks exhibit uniform deformation as a whole.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring roller high-power spinning device, comprising a chuck and a mandrel with one end fixed to the chuck, characterized in that, It also includes a mold base that can move axially along the mandrel and an annular roller fixed to the mold base; The ring roller is cylindrical; the ring roller is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel; the inner surface of the ring roller includes a machined conical surface and an unloading conical surface disposed at the rear end of the machined conical surface.

2. The ring roller high-power spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forming angle of the processed conical surface is 15°~45°, and the exit angle of the unloading conical surface is 5°~10° larger than the forming angle.

3. The ring roller high-power spinning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The machining cone surface and the unloading cone surface are further separated by a burnishing cylindrical surface.

4. The ring roller high-power spinning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The front end of the processed conical surface also includes a pressing surface, and the angle between the pressing surface and the axis of the ring roller is 5°~8°.

5. The ring roller high-power spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold base includes a fixed surface and a movable surface for the ring roller.

6. A method for high-intensity spinning forming of a ring roller, characterized in that, The ring roll high-pressure spinning forming using the ring roll high-pressure spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 includes the following steps: One end of the cylindrical blank is fixed to the chuck, so that the cylindrical blank is fitted between the mandrel and the ring roller; The moving die holder makes the machined surface of the ring roller tangentially contact the outer surface of the cylindrical blank, and then the ring roller is fed axially along the rotating chuck to spin forming to obtain the cylindrical part.

7. The ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cylindrical blank is made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy, and the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the cylindrical blank is 7~10.

8. The ring roll high-pressure spinning forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chuck rotates at a speed of 50~600 r / min.

9. The ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed ratio is 0.3~2.5 mm / r.

10. The ring roller high-pressure spinning forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The single-pass thinning rate of the spinning process is 10-35%.

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