Positioning device and processing equipment for gear shaft tooth surface processing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gear face machining equipment, and proposes a positioning device for gear shaft face machining and machining equipment, wherein the positioning device for gear shaft face machining is applied to a machine body, further comprises a feeding mechanism, an adjustable positioning mechanism, a positioning assembly, a matching stable core mechanism and a locking mechanism, the feeding mechanism is installed on the machine body, the adjustable positioning mechanism is installed on the feeding mechanism, wherein the adjustable positioning mechanism comprises the positioning assembly and is used for adjusting the structural size required for fixing a workpiece, the matching stable core mechanism is installed on the feeding mechanism, wherein the matching stable core mechanism comprises the locking mechanism, through the above technical scheme, the positioning device in the prior art still has certain deficiencies in universality, needs to be clamped and positioned by relying on a center hole, different taper center holes need to be replaced by corresponding chucks for positioning when switching machining varieties, switching is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the machining efficiency is affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear surface machining equipment, specifically to a positioning device and machining equipment for machining gear shaft tooth surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] A gear shaft is an integral part in which gear teeth are directly machined onto the shaft body and the gear and shaft are inseparable. Its journal is used to install bearings for support, and the gear teeth transmit torque, change speed and direction of rotation through meshing. Gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment is a machine tool specifically used for cutting and finishing involute tooth surfaces on gear shafts. The core equipment is mainly a gear hobbing machine, and gear grinding machines, gear shaving machines, and gear honing machines are commonly used for finishing. Existing gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment typically consists of a bed, spindle box, tailstock, tool post, feed motion structure, and transmission system. The workpiece is positioned by two centers at both ends and driven to rotate by the spindle. The hob rotates at high speed and performs axial feed, completing the tooth surface machining through generating motion. The gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment adopts the generating method machining principle, which has reliable positioning and stable accuracy. It can efficiently machine gear shaft tooth surfaces with accurate involute tooth profile and good meshing performance, while taking into account both machining efficiency and tooth surface quality, meeting the requirements of mass production and precision transmission. The positioning devices of gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment in the existing technology usually adopt the "two centers" or "one clamp and one center" method, which still has certain shortcomings in terms of versatility. They all rely on the center hole for clamping and positioning. When switching machining types, different taper center holes require the corresponding chuck to be replaced for positioning, which is time-consuming and laborious, affecting the machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a positioning device and processing equipment for gear shaft tooth surface machining, which solves the problem that the positioning devices in related technologies still have certain shortcomings in terms of versatility. They all rely on the center hole for clamping and positioning. When switching processing types, different taper center holes require the corresponding chucks to be replaced for positioning, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and affects processing efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A positioning device for machining gear shaft tooth surfaces is applied to the machine body and also includes a feeding mechanism, an adjustable positioning mechanism, a positioning component, a mating and stabilizing mechanism, and a locking mechanism. The feeding mechanism is mounted on the fuselage body; The adjustable positioning mechanism is mounted on the feeding mechanism and is used to fix the workpiece; The adjustable positioning mechanism includes a positioning component for adjusting the structural dimensions required to fix the workpiece. The stabilizing mechanism is mounted on the feeding mechanism; The stabilizing mechanism includes a locking mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a first column, a second column, a first slide, a second slide, and a tool structure; The first column is fixedly connected to the main body of the fuselage, and the first column is located on one side of the main body of the fuselage; The second column is fixedly connected to the main body of the fuselage, and the second column is located on the other side away from the main body of the fuselage. The slide block is mounted on the column. The second slide block is mounted on the second column; The cutting tool structure is slidably connected to the slide block.

[0006] More preferably, the adjustable positioning mechanism includes a mounting base, a mounting plate, a mounting bracket, an electric cylinder, a mounting disc, a movable center, and a transmission assembly; The mounting base is slidably connected to the slide block two; The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting base; The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate; The electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket; The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is hollow. The movable tip is rotatably connected to the main body of the machine body, and the movable tip is located below the mounting plate; The transmission assembly is installed inside the mounting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes gear one, a through slot, gear two, and motor one; The gear is rotatably connected within the mounting plate; The through slot is formed on the first gear; The second gear is rotatably connected inside the mounting plate, and the second gear meshes with the first gear. The first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the second gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a connecting post, a connecting head, a fixing rod, a plug rod, an adjusting groove, a support rod, and a rod head; The connecting column is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate, and the connecting column is fixedly connected to the gear. The connector is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting post; The fixing rod is provided with four rods, all of which are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connector, and the four fixing rods are in contact with each other in a cylindrical shape. The insertion rod is slidably connected to the connector head, the insertion rod is slidably connected between the four insertion rods, the insertion rod is slidably connected to the connector post, the insertion rod passes through the through slot on the gear one, the insertion rod passes through the mounting plate, and the insertion rod is rotatably connected to the output end of the electric cylinder one; The adjustment groove is provided with four grooves, which are respectively opened on the four fixed rods, and the four adjustment grooves are combined into a conical shape. The support rod is provided in four parts, and all four support rods are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insertion rod; The rod has four heads, which are fixedly connected to the four support rods respectively, and each of the four rod heads has a rough texture.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes a connecting arm, a hexagonal fixing plate, an electric cylinder, a mounting groove, and a stabilizing roller; The connecting arm is fixedly connected to the mounting plate; The hexagonal fixing plate is fixedly connected to the connecting arm; There are four electric cylinders, and all four electric cylinders are fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing plate. The mounting slots are provided in four places, and the four mounting slots are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the four electric cylinders. The stabilizing rollers are provided in four parts, and the four stabilizing rollers are rotatably connected to the four mounting slots respectively.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, even more preferably, the locking mechanism includes a serrated plate, a mounting cavity, an electric cylinder, and a locking block; The serrated plate is provided in eight parts, and all eight serrated plates are slidably connected to the hexagonal fixed plate. Each electric cylinder has two serrated plates on each side, and the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting groove and the two serrated plates are fixedly connected. The mounting cavity is provided in eight places, and all eight mounting cavities are opened on the hexagonal fixing plate. Each electric cylinder has two mounting cavities on each side. There are eight electric cylinders, and the eight electric cylinders are respectively fixedly connected in the eight mounting cavities; The locking blocks are provided in eight parts, and the eight locking blocks are slidably connected in the eight mounting cavities respectively. The output ends of the eight electric cylinders are fixedly connected to the eight locking blocks respectively. Each of the eight locking blocks is provided with teeth that cooperate with the eight serrated plates.

[0011] A gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment includes a positioning device for gear shaft tooth surface machining according to any one of the above-mentioned solutions.

[0012] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, when machining the gear surface, the gear shaft is first placed between the adjustable positioning mechanisms. The adjustable positioning mechanisms adjust the diameter of the insert rod to better fit the center hole of the gear shaft, ensuring the friction between the center hole of the gear shaft and the insert rod. Compared with the existing technology where different specifications of gear shafts need to be replaced with centers, this invention eliminates the need for frequent center replacement, greatly enhancing adaptability and reducing the problem of poor coaxiality of the gear shaft affecting the quality of gear surface machining. 2. In this invention, the stabilizing mechanism can provide uniform pressure to all four sides of the gear shaft during processing, so that the gear shaft always rotates on the central axis, resulting in better tooth surface processing quality and reduced workpiece damage rate. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stabilizing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hexagonal fixing plate of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Column 1; 3. Column 2; 4. Slide 1; 5. Slide 2; 6. Mounting base; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Mounting bracket; 9. Electric cylinder 1; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Gear 1; 12. Gear 2; 13. Motor 1; 14. Connecting column; 15. Connecting head; 16. Fixing rod; 17. Insert rod; 18. Adjusting groove; 19. Support rod; 20. Rod head; 21. Connecting arm; 22. Hexagonal fixing plate; 23. Electric cylinder 2; 24. Mounting groove; 25. Stabilizing roller; 26. Serrated plate; 27. Mounting cavity; 28. Electric cylinder 3; 29. ​​Locking block; 30. Movable center; 31. Cutting tool structure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a positioning device for gear shaft tooth surface machining, applied to the machine body 1. It also includes a feed mechanism, an adjustable positioning mechanism, a positioning component, a mating centering mechanism, and a locking mechanism. The feed mechanism is mounted on the machine body 1, and the adjustable positioning mechanism is mounted on the feed mechanism to fix the workpiece. The adjustable positioning mechanism includes a positioning component for adjusting the structural dimensions required to fix the workpiece. The mating centering mechanism is mounted on the feed mechanism and includes a locking mechanism. During tooth surface machining, the gear shaft is first placed between the adjustable positioning mechanisms. The adjustable positioning mechanism adjusts the diameter of the insert rod 17 to better fit the center hole of the gear shaft, ensuring friction between the center hole of the gear shaft and the insert rod 17. Compared to existing technologies where different specifications of gear shafts require changing the center, this method eliminates the need for frequent center changes, greatly enhancing adaptability and reducing the problem of poor coaxiality of the gear shaft affecting the quality of tooth surface machining.

[0018] The feeding mechanism includes column 2, column 3, slide 4, slide 5, and tool structure 31. Column 2 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 and is located on one side of the machine body 1. Column 3 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 and is located on the other side away from the machine body 1. Slide 4 is mounted on column 2 and slide 5 is mounted on column 3. Tool structure 31 is slidably connected to slide 4. Tool structure 31 and mounting base 6 and its structure move on column 2 and column 3 under the drive of slide 4 and slide 5, and cooperate with tool structure 31 to perform tooth surface machining.

[0019] The adjustable positioning mechanism includes a mounting base 6, a mounting plate 7, a mounting bracket 8, an electric cylinder 9, a mounting disc 10, a movable center 30, and a transmission assembly. The mounting base 6 is slidably connected to the slide block 5, the mounting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 6, the mounting bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 7, the electric cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket 8, the mounting disc 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 7, and the mounting disc 10 is hollow. The movable center 30 is rotatably connected to the machine body 1 and is located below the mounting plate 7. The transmission assembly is installed inside the mounting disc 10. The transmission assembly drives the positioning assembly to rotate, thereby driving the gear shaft workpiece fixed by the positioning assembly to rotate. The gear shaft workpiece and the tool structure 31 rotate simultaneously at a certain speed, thereby machining the tooth surface on the gear shaft workpiece.

[0020] The transmission assembly includes gear 11, a through slot, gear 12, and motor 13. Gear 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 10, and the through slot is formed on gear 11. Gear 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 10 and meshes with gear 11. Motor 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 7, and the output end of motor 13 is fixedly connected to gear 12. Motor 13 drives gear 11 to rotate, thereby driving gear 12, which meshes with gear 11, to rotate, thereby driving the connecting column 14 and its structure, which are fixedly connected to the rotation center of gear 12, to rotate.

[0021] The positioning assembly includes a connecting post 14, a connecting head 15, a fixing rod 16, an insert rod 17, an adjusting groove 18, a support rod 19, and a rod head 20. The connecting post 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate 10 and is fixedly connected to the gear 11. The connecting head 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting post 14. There are four fixing rods 16, each rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connecting head 15. The four fixing rods 16 are in a cylindrical contact shape. The insert rod 17 is slidably connected to the connecting head 15 and is slidably connected between the four insert rods 17. The insert rod 17 is slidably connected to the connecting post 14, passes through the through groove on the gear 11, passes through the mounting plate 7, and is rotatably connected to the output end of the electric cylinder 9. There are four adjusting grooves 18, each opened on one of the four fixing rods 16. The four adjusting grooves 18 are combined to form a conical shape. The support rod 19... There are four rods 19, each fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insert rod 17. There are also four rod heads 20, each fixedly connected to one of the four rods 19. Each rod head 20 has a rough texture. When it is necessary to adjust the distance between the fixed rods 16 to fit the center hole of the gear shaft with different diameters, the four fixed rods 16 are first inserted into the center hole. The electric cylinder 9 is started, which drives the insert rod 17 to move downward, thereby driving the rods 19 and rod heads 20 to move downward. Since the adjusting groove 18 is a tapered shape that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, the fixed rods 16 rotate around the connector 15. When the rods 19 and rod heads 20 move downward, they will spread the fixed rods 16 apart, thereby increasing the diameter of the cylinder formed by the fixed rods 16. The fixed rods 16 are in closer contact with the center hole, and the friction texture on the rod heads 20 increases the friction, which is more conducive to ensuring the accuracy of the gear surface machining and increasing the coaxiality, thus improving the quality of the gear surface machining.

[0022] The stabilizing mechanism includes a connecting arm 21, a hexagonal fixing plate 22, an electric cylinder 23, a mounting groove 24, and stabilizing rollers 25. The connecting arm 21 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 7, and the hexagonal fixing plate 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 21. There are four electric cylinders 23, all of which are fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing plate 22. There are four mounting grooves 24, which are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the four electric cylinders 23. There are four stabilizing rollers 25, which are rotatably connected to the four mounting grooves 24. When the electric cylinder 23 is started, it drives the mounting groove 24 and the rotatably connected stabilizing rollers 25 to rotate. When the fixed rod 16 and the movable center 30 work together to drive the workpiece to rotate, the stabilizing rollers 25 play a limiting role to ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece rotation. At the same time, the stabilizing rollers 25 follow the rotation of the workpiece and rotate on the outer wall of the workpiece without affecting the rotation of the workpiece or scratching the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0023] Finally, the locking mechanism includes serrated plates 26, mounting cavities 27, electric cylinders 28, and locking blocks 29. There are eight serrated plates 26, all slidably connected to the hexagonal fixed plate 22. Each electric cylinder 23 has two serrated plates 26 on each side, and the output end of the electric cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to a mounting groove 24 that is fixedly connected to the two serrated plates 26. There are eight mounting cavities 27, all formed on the hexagonal fixed plate 22. Each electric cylinder 23 has two mounting cavities 27 on each side. There are eight electric cylinders 28, each fixedly connected to one of the eight mounting cavities 27. The locking blocks 29 have eight... Eight locking blocks 29 are slidably connected in eight mounting cavities 27. The output ends of eight electric cylinders 28 are fixedly connected to the eight locking blocks 29. Each of the eight locking blocks 29 has teeth that engage with the eight sawtooth plates 26. When the stabilizing roller 25 rotates close to the workpiece, in order to ensure the stability of the stabilizing roller 25, the electric cylinder 23 is activated. When the mounting groove 24 and the stabilizing roller 25 are extended, the sawtooth plates 26 also slide. When they reach the designated position, the teeth on the locking blocks 29 and the sawtooth plates 26 engage, locking the sawtooth plates 26 so that they do not slide. When the electric cylinder 23 is activated and retracted, the electric cylinder 28 is activated and the locking blocks 29 are retracted, so that the sawtooth plates 26 can be freely adjusted in position.

[0024] A gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment includes a positioning device for gear shaft tooth surface machining according to any one of the above-mentioned solutions.

[0025] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning device for machining the tooth surface of a gear shaft, applied to the body of a machine (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A feeding mechanism is mounted on the fuselage body (1); The feeding mechanism includes: Column 1 (2), which is fixedly connected to the fuselage body (1) and is located on one side of the fuselage body (1); Column 2 (3) is fixedly connected to the fuselage body (1) and is located on the other side away from the fuselage body (1); Slide 1 (4), which is mounted on column 1 (2); Slide 2 (5), which is mounted on column 2 (3); The cutting tool structure (31) is slidably connected to the slide block (4); An adjustable positioning mechanism is mounted on the feeding mechanism for fixing the workpiece; The adjustable positioning mechanism includes: Mounting base (6), which is slidably connected to the slide block (5); Mounting plate (7), which is fixedly connected to the mounting base (6); Mounting bracket (8), which is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate (7); Electric cylinder one (9), which is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket (8); Mounting plate (10), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of mounting plate (7), and the mounting plate (10) is hollow; The movable tip (30) is rotatably connected to the main body (1) of the machine body, and the movable tip (30) is located below the mounting plate (7); A transmission assembly, which is installed within the mounting plate (10); The transmission assembly includes: Gear 1 (11), which is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (10); A through slot is formed on the gear (11); Gear 2 (12) is rotatably connected in the mounting plate (10) and meshes with gear 1 (11); Motor 1 (13), the top of the mounting plate (7) is fixedly connected to the motor 1 (13), and the output end of the motor 1 (13) is fixedly connected to the gear 2 (12); The adjustable positioning mechanism further includes a positioning component for adjusting the structural dimensions required to fix the workpiece. The positioning component includes: A connecting post (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate (10), and the connecting post (14) is fixedly connected to the gear (11); Connector (15), the connector (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting post (14); Fixed rod (16), four fixed rods (16) are provided, and the four fixed rods (16) are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connector (15), and the four fixed rods (16) are in contact in a cylindrical shape; Insert rod (17), the insert rod (17) is slidably connected to the connector (15), the insert rod (17) is slidably connected between the four insert rods (17), the insert rod (17) is slidably connected to the connecting post (14), the insert rod (17) passes through the through slot on the gear one (11), the insert rod (17) passes through the mounting plate (7), and the insert rod (17) is rotatably connected to the output end of the electric cylinder one (9); The adjustment groove (18) is provided in four parts. The four adjustment grooves (18) are respectively opened on the four fixed rods (16). The four adjustment grooves (18) are combined into a conical shape. Support rod (19), four support rods (19) are provided, and all four support rods (19) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insert rod (17); The rod head (20) is provided in four parts, and the four rod heads (20) are respectively fixedly connected to the four support rods (19). The four rod heads (20) are all provided with rough texture. A centering mechanism is provided, which is mounted on the feed mechanism. The stabilizing mechanism includes a locking mechanism.

2. The positioning device for machining gear shaft tooth surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizing mechanism includes: Connecting arm (21), the connecting arm (21) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (7); A hexagonal fixing plate (22) is fixedly connected to the connecting arm (21); Electric cylinder two (23), there are four electric cylinder two (23), and all four electric cylinder two (23) are fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing plate (22); The mounting slots (24) are provided in four places, and the four mounting slots (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the four electric cylinders (23); The stabilizing rollers (25) are provided in four sections, and the four stabilizing rollers (25) are rotatably connected in the four mounting slots (24).

3. The positioning device for machining gear shaft tooth surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes: Serrated plate (26), eight serrated plates (26) are provided, all eight serrated plates (26) are slidably connected to the hexagonal fixed plate (22), two serrated plates (26) are provided on both sides of each electric cylinder (23), and an installation groove (24) fixedly connected to the output end of the electric cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to the two serrated plates (26); The mounting cavity (27) is provided in eight parts. All eight mounting cavities (27) are opened on the hexagonal fixing plate (22). Each electric cylinder (23) has two mounting cavities (27) on each side. Electric cylinder three (28), there are eight electric cylinder three (28), and the eight electric cylinder three (28) are respectively fixedly connected in the eight mounting cavities (27); Locking blocks (29), there are eight locking blocks (29), the eight locking blocks (29) are slidably connected in the eight mounting cavities (27), the output ends of the eight electric cylinders (28) are fixedly connected to the eight locking blocks (29), and each of the eight locking blocks (29) is provided with teeth that cooperate with the eight sawtooth plates (26).

4. A gear shaft tooth surface machining equipment, characterized in that, The device includes a positioning device for machining the tooth surface of a gear shaft as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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