A small and micro water body purification and water replenishment synergistic repair automatic control method and operation and maintenance system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of small micro water body purification and water replenishment collaborative repair automation control method and operation and maintenance system, it is related to water environment management and automation control technical field, including by environmental perception array acquisition fugitive gas concentration data, environmental temperature and humidity data and routine sign parameter;Based on environmental temperature and humidity, fugitive gas concentration data are compensated and corrected;Trend analysis is carried out to corrected fugitive gas concentration data, when concentration continues to rise and exceeds low concentration threshold, early signs signal of bottom mud anaerobic decomposition is generated;Retrieve historical trend data to make relevance judgment, when it meets preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, bottom mud nutrient salt release state signal is generated;In response to the signal, collaborative intervention is executed;After intervention, updated data is continuously acquired and effect is evaluated, and execution parameter is dynamically adjusted.The application realizes early warning and multi-strategy collaborative repair to small micro water body bottom mud anaerobic decomposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment management and automated control technology, and in particular to an automated control method and operation and maintenance system for the coordinated restoration of small water bodies through purification and replenishment. Background Technology

[0002] The core flaw in existing automated control systems for small-scale water body ecological restoration lies in the long-term biofilm contamination of water quality sensor probes caused by microorganisms in the water, resulting in continuous distortion of key sensor data such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and pH. Based on this contaminated "input information," the system makes decisions that may erroneously over-activate aeration devices or delay the operation of purification circulation pumps, leading not only to energy waste and equipment wear but also potential disturbance of bottom sediment and release of pollutants, trapping the coordinated regulation of purification and water replenishment in a vicious cycle of "passive response." The system's built-in conventional cleaning mechanisms are ineffective at removing stubborn biofilms and cannot guarantee the accuracy of long-term data, resulting in the inability to identify and address deeper ecological problems such as bottom sediment accumulation, internal nutrient load, and persistent odors, leading to a continuous decline in the aquatic landscape and ecological health.

[0003] Specifically, the existing technologies have the following problems: First, they lack the ability to monitor and compensate for gases escaping near the water surface (such as hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds), making it impossible to detect weak signals of anaerobic decomposition of sediment in the early stages; Second, they do not perform multivariate trend analysis and correlation judgment on conventional vital signs such as dissolved oxygen, pH, and ammonia nitrogen, making it difficult to identify the evolutionary characteristics of nutrient release from sediment from historical data; Third, when early signs of anaerobic decomposition of sediment appear, there is a lack of targeted collaborative intervention strategies, and it is even more impossible to dynamically adjust the execution parameters based on the feedback of the intervention effect; Fourth, existing systems ignore the influence of external conditions such as ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light on the measurement accuracy of gas and water quality sensors, resulting in insufficient reliability of early warning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated control method and operation and maintenance system for the coordinated restoration of small water bodies through purification and replenishment. The aim is to solve the limitations of existing automated control systems for ecological restoration of small water bodies in sensing and adapting to complex and multifaceted ecological imbalances caused by subtle and cumulative environmental changes. This leads to a continuous decline in the landscape value and ecological health of lakes, as well as inaccurate data due to biofilm pollution of sensors, which in turn affects the effectiveness of system decision-making.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated control method for the synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. S2. Based on the ambient temperature and humidity, compensate and correct the escaping gas concentration data to generate corrected escaping gas concentration data; S3. Based on a predetermined time window, perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, generate an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. S4. Retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment results match the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, generate a sediment nutrient release status signal. S5. Respond to the nutrient release status signal in the bottom sediment and perform coordinated intervention; the coordinated intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of the water body's conventional vital signs sensors; S6. After the collaborative intervention, continuously obtain updated data on the concentration of escaping gases and routine vital signs, evaluate the intervention effect, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results.

[0006] Furthermore, the system acquires data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors via an environmental sensing array near the water surface. The escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration. The conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. The concentration values ​​of hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds are collected as escape gas concentration data by using hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compound sensors in the gas sensor array. Ambient temperature and humidity data are obtained by measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity using temperature and humidity sensors; Dissolved oxygen concentration is measured by a dissolved oxygen sensor, pH value is measured by a pH sensor, water temperature is measured by a water temperature sensor, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is measured by an ammonia nitrogen sensor, generating routine vital signs parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, the step of compensating and correcting the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity to generate corrected escape gas concentration data includes: The ambient temperature and humidity are input into a preset temperature and humidity compensation model to obtain the first correction coefficient of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second correction coefficient of the volatile organic compound sensor; the temperature and humidity compensation model is used to output the correction coefficients of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor. Multiply the first correction factor by the hydrogen sulfide concentration value to obtain the hydrogen sulfide concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation. Multiply the second correction factor by the volatile organic compound concentration value to obtain the volatile organic compound concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation; Ambient background air was collected during a preset background sampling period to obtain the first background response value of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second background response value of the volatile organic compound sensor; Subtract the first background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated hydrogen sulfide concentration value to obtain the baseline corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value; subtract the second background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated volatile organic compound concentration value to obtain the baseline corrected volatile organic compound concentration value. The baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and volatile organic compound concentration value are respectively subjected to smoothing filtering to generate the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value. The corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value are combined to generate the corrected escape gas concentration data.

[0008] Furthermore, the trend analysis of the corrected escape gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window, when the escape gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds a preset low concentration threshold, generates an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment, including: Extract the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and volatile organic compound concentration sequence within a predetermined time window from the corrected escape gas concentration data; The system time is obtained at the current moment. The ambient wind speed and light intensity are obtained through wind speed and light sensors. The system determines whether the current system time is nighttime, whether the ambient wind speed is lower than the preset wind speed threshold, and whether the light intensity is lower than the preset light threshold. When the system time is during nighttime, the ambient wind speed is lower than the preset wind speed threshold, and the light intensity is lower than the preset light intensity threshold, calculate the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within the predetermined time window. If the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration exceeds the preset low hydrogen sulfide concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the preset rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide, or if the corrected volatile organic compound concentration exceeds the preset low volatile organic compound concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of volatile organic compounds exceeds the rate of increase of volatile organic compounds, an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment is generated.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation of the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within the predetermined time window includes: For the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the next moment and the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of hydrogen sulfide. For the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the VOC concentration value at the next moment and the VOC concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and then divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of VOCs.

[0010] Furthermore, the process involves retrieving historical trend data of conventional vital signs within a preset historical period prior to the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment for correlation analysis. When the analysis result matches the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, a sediment nutrient release status signal is generated, including: Obtain the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in sediment; Analyze the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration to determine whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold of dissolved oxygen. Analyze the pH time series to determine whether the average pH value shows a decreasing trend; Analyze the water temperature time series to determine whether the water temperature value remains within the preset anaerobic microbial activity temperature range; Analyze the time series of ammonia nitrogen concentrations to determine whether the average ammonia nitrogen concentration shows an upward trend; A sediment nutrient release status signal is generated when at least two of the following four conditions are met: Condition 1: The average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend, or the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen. Condition 2: The average pH value shows a decreasing trend; Condition 3: The water temperature remains within the preset active temperature range for anaerobic microorganisms; Condition 4: The average ammonia nitrogen level shows an upward trend.

[0011] Furthermore, determining whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than a preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen includes: The daily average dissolved oxygen concentration was extracted from the time series of dissolved oxygen concentrations, and a linear regression was performed on the extracted daily average dissolved oxygen concentration to obtain the regression slope. If the regression slope is negative and the absolute value exceeds the preset dissolved oxygen decrease slope threshold, then the average dissolved oxygen value is determined to be decreasing. The dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​at all sampling times during the nighttime period were extracted from the dissolved oxygen concentration time series, and the minimum value was taken as the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night. The lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is compared with a preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen. If the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the lower limit threshold, then the lowest value at night is determined to be lower than the lower limit threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the coordinated intervention in response to the sediment nutrient release status signal includes: In response to the nutrient release status signal of the bottom sediment, a low-intensity nutrient adsorbent dosing command is generated and sent to the pre-deployed titration pump in the water body to control the titration pump to add nutrient adsorbent; In response to the nutrient release status signal of the bottom sediment, a bottom aeration command is generated and sent to the aeration unit pre-deployed in the water body. The aeration unit includes a blower and a bottom microporous aeration disc. The blower runs periodically at a fixed duty cycle and generates microbubbles through the bottom microporous aeration disc to form a directional bottom oxygenation flow. In response to the nutrient release status signal in the sediment, a sensor cleaning frequency increase command is generated and sent to the automatic cleaning device pre-deployed on the conventional water body vital signs sensor, controlling the automatic cleaning device to increase the cleaning frequency to the predetermined enhanced cleaning frequency.

[0013] Furthermore, after the coordinated intervention, continuously updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs are acquired, the intervention effect is evaluated, and the execution parameters of the coordinated intervention are dynamically adjusted based on the evaluation results, including: After the coordinated intervention is implemented, continuously obtain real-time updated corrected escape gas concentration data and routine vital signs parameters; At the end of each predetermined assessment period, the average concentration of escaping gas in this period is compared with the average concentration of escaping gas in the previous complete assessment period before the synergistic intervention, and the rate of decrease in escaping gas concentration is calculated. Compare the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night in this cycle with the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night in the previous complete assessment cycle before the synergistic intervention to calculate the extent of dissolved oxygen recovery. When the rate of decrease of the escaping gas concentration exceeds the effective decrease threshold and the magnitude of the increase of dissolved oxygen exceeds the effective increase threshold, an effective intervention signal is generated. Based on the effective intervention signal, a parameter adjustment instruction is generated to reduce the amount of nutrient adsorbent added by a predetermined ratio, reduce the duty cycle of the bottom aeration operation by a predetermined ratio, and restore the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor to the normal cleaning frequency. Otherwise, an insufficient intervention signal is generated, and a parameter adjustment instruction is generated based on the insufficient intervention signal. The dosage of nutrient adsorbent is increased by a predetermined ratio, the duty cycle of bottom aeration operation is increased by a predetermined ratio, and the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor is maintained at the enhanced cleaning frequency.

[0014] An automated control and operation system for the coordinated remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment includes: Data acquisition module: used to acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration; Data correction module: used to compensate and correct the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity, and generate corrected escape gas concentration data; Early signs identification module: used to perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, it generates early signs signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. The correlation judgment module is used to retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment result matches the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, a sediment nutrient release status signal is generated. Collaborative intervention module: used to respond to the nutrient release status signal of bottom sediment and perform collaborative intervention; the collaborative intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of conventional water body vital signs sensors; Strategy Adjustment Module: This module is used to continuously acquire updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs after collaborative intervention, evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results.

[0015] The present invention provides an automated control method and operation and maintenance system for the coordinated remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment. Its beneficial effects are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. The beneficial effects of this application are primarily reflected in its forward-looking early warning mechanism. Traditional systems rely on lagging changes in water quality parameters for judgment, often resulting in untimely intervention. This application, by introducing data on the concentration of escaping gases near the water surface and compensating for it with ambient temperature and humidity, can capture weak signals in the early stages of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. This includes trend analysis of the corrected escaping gas concentration based on a predetermined time window; when the concentration continues to rise and exceeds a low concentration threshold, an early warning signal is generated, significantly advancing the problem-solving window. Furthermore, it retrieves historical trends of conventional vital signs such as dissolved oxygen, pH, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen for correlation analysis, avoiding erroneous decisions due to data distortion from a single sensor (such as false alarms of dissolved oxygen caused by biofilm fouling). By setting auxiliary conditions such as nighttime, low wind speed, and low light, environmental interference is effectively eliminated, improving the accuracy and reliability of early warning and thus avoiding secondary problems common in traditional systems, such as over-aeration, energy waste, and sediment disturbance.

[0016] 2. Another significant benefit of this application lies in its comprehensive synergistic intervention strategy and dynamic adjustment capability. Existing systems typically employ isolated intervention measures, which are insufficient to address the multi-factor coupled ecological problems such as nutrient release from sediment. This application organically combines three methods: adding nutrient adsorbents, initiating bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of conventional water body indicator sensors, forming a multi-pronged remediation solution. This includes: adsorbents directly remove released nutrients; bottom aeration inhibits anaerobic decomposition at its source; the two work synergistically to simultaneously address both apparent pollution and the root cause; increasing sensor cleaning frequency ensures the accuracy of monitoring data during intervention and avoids interference from biofilm pollution on feedback control; continuous evaluation of the effect after synergistic intervention, and dynamic adjustment of dosage, aeration duty cycle, and cleaning frequency based on the evaluation results, forming a closed-loop adaptive control, achieving precise, efficient, and sustainable water body remediation, and significantly improving the overall performance of the automated control system and the ecological governance effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an automated control method for the synergistic repair of small water bodies through purification and replenishment, as per the present invention. Figure 2 This is a functional module diagram of an automated control and operation and maintenance system for the coordinated repair of small water bodies through purification and replenishment, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an automated control method for the synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. In this embodiment, the environmental sensing array near the water surface acquires data on the concentration of escaping gases, environmental temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors. The escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration. The conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. The concentration values ​​of hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds are collected by the hydrogen sulfide sensor and volatile organic compound sensor in the gas sensor array as the escape gas concentration data.

[0020] Specifically, the gas sensor array is installed near the surface of small water bodies, such as lake shores, floating platforms, or landscape lighting poles, approximately 0.5 to 1.5 meters above the water surface. The hydrogen sulfide sensor utilizes an electrochemical principle, while the volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor employs a semiconductor metal oxide principle. Both sensors are continuously exposed to the escaping airflow from the water surface, each sensing the concentration of target gas molecules and outputting corresponding concentration values. Hydrogen sulfide concentration values ​​are expressed in parts per million (ppm), and VOC concentration values ​​are expressed in the same units. The purpose of this step is to directly acquire characteristic gas information generated by the anaerobic decomposition of bottom sediments from the air environment above the water surface, providing raw data for subsequent early warning systems.

[0021] Ambient temperature and relative humidity data are obtained by measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity using temperature and humidity sensors.

[0022] Specifically, the temperature and humidity sensor is installed near the water surface in the same location as the gas sensor. Its temperature detection section uses a thermistor element, and its relative humidity detection section uses a capacitive humidity sensor. This sensor continuously measures the ambient air temperature in degrees Celsius and the relative humidity in percentages. The ambient temperature and relative humidity together constitute the ambient temperature and humidity data. This step provides necessary environmental reference parameters for subsequent compensation and correction of the escaped gas concentration data, thereby eliminating or reducing the interference of environmental factors on the gas measurement values.

[0023] Dissolved oxygen concentration is measured by a dissolved oxygen sensor, pH value is measured by a pH sensor, water temperature is measured by a water temperature sensor, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is measured by an ammonia nitrogen sensor, generating routine vital signs parameters.

[0024] Specifically, the dissolved oxygen sensor, pH sensor, water temperature sensor, and ammonia nitrogen sensor are all immersed in the upper layer of the small water body. The dissolved oxygen sensor uses the fluorescence principle to output the dissolved oxygen concentration in milligrams per liter. The pH sensor uses the glass electrode principle to output the pH value. The water temperature sensor uses the platinum resistance or thermistor principle to output the water temperature in degrees Celsius. The ammonia nitrogen sensor uses the ion-selective electrode principle to output the ammonia nitrogen concentration in milligrams per liter. The above four sensors operate continuously, each outputting its corresponding measurement value. These measurements together constitute the routine vital signs parameters. The purpose of this step is to obtain basic water quality information about the small water body itself. This information reflects the current physicochemical environment and nutrient status of the water body, which is used for subsequent correlation judgment and intervention effect evaluation.

[0025] S2. Based on the ambient temperature and humidity, compensate and correct the escaping gas concentration data to generate corrected escaping gas concentration data; In this embodiment, the step of compensating and correcting the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity to generate corrected escape gas concentration data includes: The ambient temperature and humidity are input into a preset temperature and humidity compensation model to obtain the first correction coefficient of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second correction coefficient of the volatile organic compound sensor; the temperature and humidity compensation model is used to output the correction coefficients of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor.

[0026] Specifically, the preset temperature and humidity compensation model is a set of correspondences pre-stored in the central processing unit. This set records the correction values ​​that the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor should multiply under different combinations of ambient temperature and relative humidity values. Ambient temperature and humidity data are measured in real time by temperature and humidity sensors. The central processing unit inputs the current ambient temperature and relative humidity values ​​as lookup conditions into the model, and the model outputs the corresponding first and second correction coefficients. The first correction coefficient is a dimensionless multiplier specifically for the hydrogen sulfide sensor, and the second correction coefficient is a dimensionless multiplier specifically for the volatile organic compound sensor. The purpose of this step is to obtain the correction values ​​needed to offset the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on the measurement results of the two gas sensors, providing a basis for subsequent compensation calculations.

[0027] Multiply the first correction factor by the hydrogen sulfide concentration value to obtain the hydrogen sulfide concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation.

[0028] Specifically, the central processing unit reads the raw hydrogen sulfide concentration value from the hydrogen sulfide sensor and multiplies this raw value with a first correction coefficient. The result of the multiplication operation is the temperature and humidity compensated hydrogen sulfide concentration value. This step eliminates the deviation caused by changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the response characteristics of the hydrogen sulfide sensor, making the compensated value closer to the true hydrogen sulfide concentration emitted from the water body.

[0029] Multiply the second correction factor by the volatile organic compound concentration value to obtain the volatile organic compound concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation.

[0030] Specifically, the central processing unit reads the raw volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration value from the VOC sensor and multiplies this raw value with a second correction coefficient. The result of the multiplication operation is the temperature and humidity compensated VOC concentration value. This step eliminates the deviation caused by changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the VOC sensor's response characteristics.

[0031] Ambient background air was collected during a preset background sampling period to obtain the first background response value of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second background response value of the volatile organic compound sensor.

[0032] Specifically, the preset background sampling period refers to a fixed time period in the early morning hours each day when the concentration of gases escaping from water bodies in the environment is lowest and external interference is minimal. This period is preset to 2:00 AM to 4:00 AM. During this period, the central processing unit instructs the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor to collect ambient background air data. At this time, the sensor readings primarily reflect the gas content in the background air rather than gases escaping from water bodies. The concentration value output by the hydrogen sulfide sensor during this period is recorded as the first background response value, and the concentration value output by the volatile organic compound sensor during this period is recorded as the second background response value. The purpose of this step is to obtain the sensor baseline reference value for the day, which is used to subsequently eliminate baseline drift caused by long-term sensor use and interference from ambient background gases.

[0033] The baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value is obtained by subtracting the first background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated hydrogen sulfide concentration value; the baseline-corrected volatile organic compound concentration value is obtained by subtracting the second background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated volatile organic compound concentration value.

[0034] Specifically, the central processing unit subtracts the first background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated hydrogen sulfide concentration value, performing a subtraction operation to obtain the baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value. Simultaneously, it subtracts the second background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration value to obtain the baseline-corrected VOC concentration value. This step ensures that the concentration data used subsequently fully reflects the net content of gases escaping from the water body, eliminating the contribution of sensor zero-point drift and ambient background gases.

[0035] The baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and volatile organic compound concentration value are respectively subjected to smoothing filtering to generate the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value.

[0036] Specifically, the central processing unit performs smoothing filtering on the baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration sequence. Smoothing filtering involves taking the arithmetic mean of the current concentration value and the concentration values ​​from several consecutive previous moments, using this average as the final output value for the current moment. For example, a moving average is taken from multiple concentration values ​​collected within the last five minutes. This step effectively suppresses random spikes caused by instantaneous environmental airflow disturbances or sensor noise, making the output concentration data more stable and reliable. The output values ​​after smoothing filtering are the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected VOC concentration value.

[0037] The corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value are combined to generate the corrected escape gas concentration data.

[0038] Specifically, the central processing unit combines the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value obtained in the above steps according to a preset data format to form a complete dataset containing the concentration information of both gases. This dataset is the corrected escape gas concentration data. The purpose of this step is to provide accurate, stable, and interference-free gas concentration input for subsequent trend analysis and early sign identification, ensuring that the system can make reliable judgments based on high-quality data.

[0039] S3. Based on a predetermined time window, perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, generate an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. In this embodiment, the trend analysis of the corrected escape gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window, and the generation of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment signal when the escape gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds a preset low concentration threshold, includes: Extract the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and volatile organic compound concentration sequence within a predetermined time window from the corrected escape gas concentration data.

[0040] Specifically, a predetermined time window refers to a pre-set continuous period of time, such as the past two hours. The corrected escape gas concentration data is a set of values ​​stored continuously at fixed time intervals. The central processing unit extracts all hydrogen sulfide concentration values ​​within the predetermined time window from this dataset in chronological order, arranging these values ​​chronologically to form a hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence. Similarly, it extracts all volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration values ​​within the same time window and arranges them chronologically to form a VOC concentration sequence.

[0041] The system obtains the current system time, and uses wind speed and light intensity sensors to obtain ambient wind speed and light intensity to determine whether the current system time is nighttime, whether the ambient wind speed is lower than the preset wind speed threshold, and whether the light intensity is lower than the preset light intensity threshold.

[0042] Specifically, the central processing unit reads the current system time from the internal clock and compares it with a preset nighttime period. The nighttime period refers to the time range from sunset to sunrise, such as 10 PM to 6 AM the next morning. The central processing unit also measures the ambient wind speed near the water surface using a wind speed sensor and the ambient light intensity using a light sensor, comparing the wind speed values ​​with preset wind speed thresholds and the light intensity values ​​with preset light thresholds.

[0043] The preset wind speed threshold is a pre-set upper limit for wind speed, such as one meter per second. Below this threshold, airflow is slow, which is conducive to the accumulation of odorous gases near the water surface. The preset light threshold is a pre-set upper limit for light intensity, such as one hundred lux. Below this threshold, conditions are in the absence of sunlight, eliminating interference from photosynthesis in the gas production process. When all three conditions are met simultaneously—the system time is nighttime, the ambient wind speed is below the preset wind speed threshold, and the light intensity is below the preset light threshold—the environmental conditions are considered suitable for detecting escaping gases.

[0044] When the system time is during nighttime, the ambient wind speed is below the preset wind speed threshold, and the light intensity is below the preset light intensity threshold, calculate the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within the predetermined time window.

[0045] Specifically, after confirming that all three conditions—nighttime, low wind speed, and low light intensity—are met, the central processing unit begins calculating the average rate of rise. For the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence, assuming the sequence contains N concentration values, they are denoted sequentially in chronological order as follows: The time interval between two adjacent concentration values ​​is The formula for calculating the average rate of ascent of hydrogen sulfide is as follows: In the formula, This represents the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, expressed in concentration units per hour. This indicates the total number of concentration values ​​contained in the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence within the predetermined time window; This represents the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value at time i in the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence, expressed in parts per million or parts per billion. This represents the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value at time i+1 in the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence; This indicates the time interval between two adjacent concentration values, in hours. This indicates that the summation operation is performed on all terms from i=1 to i=N-1; This represents the instantaneous rate of increase within the i-th time interval.

[0046] For the concentration sequence of volatile organic compounds, let its concentration value be... The formula for calculating its average rate of ascent is as follows: In the formula, This represents the average rate of increase in the concentration sequence of volatile organic compounds within a predetermined time window, expressed in concentration units per hour. This represents the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value at time i in the volatile organic compound concentration sequence; This represents the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value at time i+1 in the volatile organic compound concentration sequence. The purpose of this step is to quantify the overall upward trend of the two gases within a predetermined time window, eliminate instantaneous increases caused by accidental fluctuations, and thus determine whether the gas concentration is continuously and steadily increasing.

[0047] If the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration exceeds the preset low hydrogen sulfide concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the preset rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide, or if the corrected volatile organic compound concentration exceeds the preset low volatile organic compound concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of volatile organic compounds exceeds the rate of increase of volatile organic compounds, an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment is generated.

[0048] Specifically, the central processing unit acquires the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration and the corrected volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration at the current moment. The preset low hydrogen sulfide concentration threshold is a pre-set lower limit for hydrogen sulfide concentration, such as 5 parts per billion (ppm). Exceeding this value indicates the presence of significant hydrogen sulfide in the air. The preset hydrogen sulfide rise rate threshold is a pre-set lower limit for the rate of increase in hydrogen sulfide concentration, such as 1 part per 5 billion (ppm). Exceeding this value indicates a continuous and rapid increase in hydrogen sulfide concentration. The preset low VOC concentration threshold and the preset VOC rise rate threshold are set similarly.

[0049] The central processing unit first determines the hydrogen sulfide condition: if the current corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration is greater than the preset low hydrogen sulfide concentration threshold, and the average rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide is greater than the preset rate of increase threshold, then the hydrogen sulfide triggering condition is met. If not, it determines the volatile organic compound (VOC) condition: if the current corrected VOC concentration is greater than the preset low VOC concentration threshold, and the average rate of increase of VOCs is greater than the preset rate of increase threshold, then the VOC triggering condition is met. When either of these two conditions is met, the central processing unit generates an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment.

[0050] In this embodiment, calculating the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within a predetermined time window includes: For the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the next moment and the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and then divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of hydrogen sulfide.

[0051] Specifically, the predetermined time window is a pre-set continuous period of time, such as the past two hours. The hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence consists of multiple corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration values ​​collected and arranged at fixed time intervals within this window. The time interval is a fixed value, such as once per minute. The concentration value at a later time moment is subtracted from the concentration value at the previous time moment to obtain the difference. The difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rate of increase. The total number of intervals is equal to the number of concentration values ​​in the sequence minus one. The central processing unit calculates the instantaneous rate of increase for each interval in turn, sums them, and divides by the total number of intervals to obtain the average rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide. This step quantifies the overall upward trend of hydrogen sulfide concentration, avoiding interference from single-point fluctuations.

[0052] For the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the VOC concentration value at the next moment and the VOC concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and then divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of VOCs.

[0053] Specifically, the predetermined time window is a pre-set continuous period of time, such as the past two hours. The volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration sequence consists of multiple corrected VOC concentration values ​​collected and arranged at fixed time intervals within this window. The time interval is a fixed value, such as once per minute. The concentration value at a later time moment is subtracted from the concentration value at the previous time moment to obtain the difference. The difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rate of increase. The total number of intervals is equal to the number of concentration values ​​in the sequence minus one. The central processing unit calculates the instantaneous rate of increase for each interval sequentially, sums them, and divides by the total number of intervals to obtain the average rate of increase of VOCs. This step quantifies the overall upward trend of VOC concentrations, providing a basis for subsequent threshold comparisons.

[0054] S4. Retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment results match the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, generate a sediment nutrient release status signal. In this embodiment, the process of retrieving historical trend data of conventional vital signs within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in sediment is used for correlation judgment. When the judgment result matches the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, a sediment nutrient release state signal is generated, including: Obtain the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in sediment.

[0055] Specifically, the early signs of anaerobic decomposition in sediment refer to the generated trigger signals, the time of which they occur is recorded as the signal occurrence time. The preset historical time period refers to a fixed-length time interval preceding this time, such as the past seven days. The dissolved oxygen concentration time series consists of multiple dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​collected and arranged at fixed time intervals within this time period. The definitions for pH, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration time series are similar. The central processing unit retrieves these four series from the database for trend analysis.

[0056] Analyze the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration to determine whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen.

[0057] Specifically, the average dissolved oxygen (DO) value is the arithmetic mean of all concentration values ​​in the sequence. Whether a downward trend is observed can be determined by comparing the average values ​​of preceding and following time periods or by the slope of a linear regression. The nighttime period refers to the time range from sunset to sunrise, such as 10 PM to 6 AM the following morning. The nighttime minimum DO value is the minimum of all sampled values ​​within this period. The preset lower limit threshold for DO is a pre-defined concentration value, such as three milligrams per liter of water. The central processing unit determines whether the average value is decreasing and whether the nighttime minimum value is below the threshold.

[0058] Analyze the pH time series to determine whether the average pH value shows a downward trend.

[0059] Specifically, the pH average is the arithmetic mean of all pH values ​​in the sequence. The central processing unit determines whether this average continues to decrease over time.

[0060] Analyze the water temperature time series to determine whether the water temperature value remains within the preset anaerobic microbial activity temperature range.

[0061] Specifically, the preset anaerobic microbial activity temperature range is a pre-defined temperature range, such as 15 to 30 degrees Celsius. The central processing unit checks whether each water temperature value in the sequence falls within this range.

[0062] Analyze the time series of ammonia nitrogen concentrations to determine whether the average ammonia nitrogen concentration shows an upward trend.

[0063] Specifically, the ammonia nitrogen average is the arithmetic mean of all ammonia nitrogen concentration values ​​in the sequence. The central processing unit determines whether this average continues to increase over time.

[0064] A sediment nutrient release status signal is generated when at least two of the following four conditions are met: Condition 1: The average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend, or the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen; Condition 2: The average pH value shows a downward trend; Condition 3: The water temperature value remains within the preset anaerobic microbial activity temperature range; Condition 4: The average ammonia nitrogen value shows an upward trend.

[0065] Specifically, the central processing unit evaluates four conditions one by one. Condition one contains two sub-conditions; the fulfillment of either sub-condition establishes condition one. Conditions two, three, and four require their corresponding conditions to be met. The number of met conditions is counted; if the number is greater than or equal to two, a sediment nutrient release status signal is generated. This signal indicates that the anaerobic decomposition and nutrient release of the sediment have been confirmed through multi-parameter correlation, triggering subsequent coordinated interventions.

[0066] In this embodiment, determining whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than a preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen includes: The daily average dissolved oxygen concentration was extracted from the time series of dissolved oxygen concentrations, and a linear regression was performed on the extracted daily average dissolved oxygen concentration to obtain the regression slope.

[0067] Specifically, the dissolved oxygen concentration time series consists of multiple dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​collected at fixed time intervals within a preset historical period. A fixed time interval refers to the same duration between two consecutive samples, such as every ten minutes or hour. The daily average dissolved oxygen value is the sum of the dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​at all sampling times within a day, divided by the total number of samples taken that day. The central processing unit extracts these average values ​​from the time series by day, obtaining a set of daily average values ​​arranged by date. Linear regression fitting refers to finding the best-fitting straight line using date sequence as the independent variable and the daily average dissolved oxygen value as the dependent variable. The regression slope is the slope of this straight line, representing the average rate of change of the daily average dissolved oxygen value over the number of days.

[0068] If the regression slope is negative and the absolute value exceeds the preset threshold for the decrease in dissolved oxygen slope, then the average dissolved oxygen value is determined to be decreasing.

[0069] Specifically, a negative regression slope indicates that the daily average dissolved oxygen (DO) decreases as the number of days increases. The absolute value refers to the numerical part of the negative number, regardless of the sign. The preset threshold for the DO decrease slope is a pre-defined positive value, for example, a decrease of 0.1 mg / L per day. This value is pre-stored in the central processing unit by the system based on historical water data and experience to determine whether the downward trend is significant. The central processing unit determines whether the regression slope is negative and whether the absolute value of the negative slope is greater than the threshold. If both conditions are met, the average DO is determined to be decreasing.

[0070] Dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​were extracted from all sampling times during the nighttime period from the dissolved oxygen concentration time series, and the minimum value was taken as the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night.

[0071] Specifically, the nighttime period refers to the time range from sunset to sunrise, such as 10 PM to 6 AM the next day. The definition of the fixed time interval is as before. The central processing unit traverses all sampling points in the dissolved oxygen concentration time series whose timestamps belong to the nighttime period, extracts the dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​corresponding to these sampling points, and then finds the value with the smallest value. This minimum value is the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night.

[0072] The lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is compared with a preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen. If the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the lower limit threshold, then the lowest value at night is determined to be lower than the lower limit threshold.

[0073] Specifically, the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen is a pre-set concentration value, such as three milligrams per liter of water. This threshold is pre-stored in the central processing unit by the system according to the water body's ecological health standards. A value below this threshold indicates that the water body is in a state of hypoxia. The central processing unit compares the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night with this threshold. If the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is less than this threshold, it is determined that the lowest value at night is below the lower limit threshold.

[0074] S5. Respond to the nutrient release status signal in the bottom sediment and perform coordinated intervention; the coordinated intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of the water body's conventional vital signs sensors; In this embodiment, the step of responding to the sediment nutrient release status signal and performing coordinated intervention includes: In response to the nutrient release status signal in the sediment, a low-intensity nutrient adsorbent dosing command is generated and sent to a pre-deployed titration pump in the water body to control the titration pump to add the nutrient adsorbent.

[0075] Specifically, the sediment nutrient release status signal refers to the generated confirmation signal indicating that anaerobic decomposition and nutrient release of the sediment have been identified. The low-intensity nutrient adsorbent dosing command is a control command issued by the central treatment unit, requiring the adsorbent to be added continuously at low doses. A titration pump is a precision dosing device pre-installed in the water body, such as a Grundfos DDA series metering pump. Nutrient adsorbents are chemical materials used to bind nutrients such as phosphates in water, such as lanthanide-based adsorbents or polyaluminum chloride solutions.

[0076] The central processing unit sends the instruction to the titration pump, which starts at a flow rate of 50 to 100 ml per hour to slowly inject the adsorbent into the water. This step directly removes dissolved phosphate released from the sediment through low-intensity continuous dosing, avoiding drastic pH fluctuations or impacts on aquatic organisms caused by large-scale dosing at once.

[0077] In response to the nutrient release status signal of the bottom sediment, a bottom aeration command is generated and sent to the aeration unit pre-deployed in the water body. The aeration unit includes a blower and a bottom microporous aeration disc. The blower operates periodically at a fixed duty cycle and generates microbubbles through the bottom microporous aeration disc to form a directional bottom oxygenation flow.

[0078] Specifically, the bottom aeration command is a control command issued by the central processing unit to initiate bottom aeration operations. The aeration unit consists of a blower and a bottom microporous aeration disc, pre-installed at the bottom of the water body. The blower, for example, is a three-lobe roots blower with a power of 1.5 kilowatts. The bottom microporous aeration disc is a disc-shaped device with a surface densely covered with tiny pores, the pore diameter of which is less than one millimeter. The fixed duty cycle refers to the proportion of time the blower is on within one operating cycle. This proportion is preset and remains unchanged; for example, if it runs for 30 minutes every two hours, the duty cycle is 25%.

[0079] Periodic operation refers to the cyclical opening and closing of the aeration system at fixed intervals. Microbubbles are small bubbles, less than one millimeter in diameter, released from the aeration discs; they rise slowly and have a large contact area with the water. Directional bottom aeration flow refers to the vertical water flow formed by these microbubbles slowly rising from the bottom, gently delivering oxygen to the sediment-water interface. After the central treatment unit sends a command, the blower operates periodically at a fixed duty cycle, dispersing compressed air into microbubbles through the bottom microporous aeration discs. This step is used to inhibit anaerobic decomposition of sediment at its source, promoting the activity of aerobic microorganisms on the sediment surface through gentle aeration, accelerating the aerobic decomposition of organic matter, thereby inhibiting the release of odor substances such as hydrogen sulfide and geosmin, as well as nutrients such as phosphates and ammonium nitrogen, while avoiding the physical disturbance to the sediment caused by traditional strong aeration.

[0080] In response to the nutrient release status signal in the sediment, a sensor cleaning frequency increase command is generated and sent to the automatic cleaning device pre-deployed on the conventional water body vital signs sensor, controlling the automatic cleaning device to increase the cleaning frequency to the predetermined enhanced cleaning frequency.

[0081] Specifically, the sensor cleaning frequency increase command is a control command issued by the central processing unit, requiring an increase in the cleaning frequency of the sensor probe. The automatic cleaning device is a cleaning apparatus pre-installed on conventional water characteristic sensors, such as the mechanical scraper or high-pressure water nozzle integrated into a dissolved oxygen sensor. Cleaning frequency refers to the number of times a cleaning operation is performed per unit of time, such as once daily. The predetermined enhanced cleaning frequency is a pre-set higher frequency value, such as once every six hours. After the central processing unit sends the command, the automatic cleaning device performs cleaning operations at the new, higher frequency, for example, automatically scraping the sensor probe surface for thirty seconds every six hours. This step addresses the issue that changes in the water's chemical environment may accelerate the formation of biofilm on the sensor surface, ensuring that the sensor continuously provides accurate and reliable data and avoiding system misjudgments due to reading distortion.

[0082] S6. After the collaborative intervention, continuously obtain updated data on the concentration of escaping gases and routine vital signs, evaluate the intervention effect, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results.

[0083] In this embodiment, the step of continuously acquiring updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs after collaborative intervention, evaluating the intervention effect, and dynamically adjusting the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results includes: After the coordinated intervention is implemented, real-time updated data on the corrected escape gas concentration and routine vital signs are continuously acquired.

[0084] Specifically, coordinated intervention refers to the actions of adding adsorbents, initiating bottom aeration, and increasing cleaning frequency. Corrected fugitive gas concentration data are continuously updated at fixed time intervals. Routine vital signs include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. The central treatment unit continues to collect and store this data at the original frequency after the intervention.

[0085] At the end of each predetermined assessment period, the average concentration of escaping gases in this period is compared with the average concentration of escaping gases in the previous complete assessment period before the synergistic intervention, and the rate of decrease in escaping gas concentration is calculated.

[0086] Specifically, the predetermined assessment period is a fixed, pre-set duration, such as every twenty-four hours. This current period refers to the period that has just ended. The average escape gas concentration is the arithmetic mean of all corrected hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compound concentrations within this period. The previous complete assessment period immediately preceding the current period, before any intervention was implemented, is the period immediately preceding this one. The rate of decline is equal to the average of the previous period minus the average of the current period, divided by the period length, in concentration units per day. The central processing unit calculates this value at the end of each period.

[0087] The lowest dissolved oxygen value at night during this period is compared with the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night in the previous complete assessment period before the synergistic intervention to calculate the extent of dissolved oxygen recovery.

[0088] Specifically, the minimum dissolved oxygen value at night refers to the lowest dissolved oxygen concentration at all sampling times during the nighttime period, such as from 10 PM to 6 AM the following morning. The increase is equal to the minimum nighttime value of the current cycle minus the minimum nighttime value of the previous cycle, expressed in milligrams per liter.

[0089] When the rate of decrease of the escaping gas concentration exceeds the effective decrease threshold and the magnitude of the increase of dissolved oxygen exceeds the effective increase threshold, an effective intervention signal is generated. Based on the effective intervention signal, a parameter adjustment instruction is generated to reduce the dosage of nutrient adsorbent by a predetermined ratio, reduce the duty cycle of the bottom aeration operation by a predetermined ratio, and restore the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor to the normal cleaning frequency.

[0090] Specifically, the effective decrease threshold is a pre-set positive number, such as a decrease rate of volatile organic compounds greater than 10 parts per billion per day. The effective recovery threshold is a pre-set positive number, such as a nighttime minimum dissolved oxygen recovery greater than 1 milligram per liter of water. An effective intervention signal is generated when both conditions are met simultaneously. Parameter adjustment instructions include: reducing the adsorbent dosage by a predetermined percentage, such as 20%; reducing the duty cycle of bottom aeration by a predetermined percentage, such as changing from running for 30 minutes every two hours to running for 30 minutes every three hours; and restoring the sensor cleaning frequency to the normal frequency, such as changing from once every six hours to once daily.

[0091] Otherwise, an insufficient intervention signal is generated, and a parameter adjustment instruction is generated based on the insufficient intervention signal. The dosage of nutrient adsorbent is increased by a predetermined ratio, the duty cycle of bottom aeration operation is increased by a predetermined ratio, and the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor is maintained at the enhanced cleaning frequency.

[0092] Specifically, otherwise it means that the rate of decline or the magnitude of recovery does not exceed the threshold. Insufficient intervention signal indicates that the effect is not up to standard. Parameter adjustment instructions include: increasing the adsorbent dosage by a predetermined ratio, such as increasing it by 10% to 20%; increasing the duty cycle of bottom aeration by a predetermined ratio, such as extending the running time or increasing the frequency; and maintaining the enhanced frequency of sensor cleaning, such as continuing to clean it once every six hours.

[0093] Please see Figure 2 This invention provides an automated control and maintenance system for the coordinated remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment, comprising: Data acquisition module: used to acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration; Data correction module: used to compensate and correct the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity, and generate corrected escape gas concentration data; Early signs identification module: used to perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, it generates early signs signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. The correlation judgment module is used to retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment result matches the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, a sediment nutrient release status signal is generated. Collaborative intervention module: used to respond to the nutrient release status signal of bottom sediment and perform collaborative intervention; the collaborative intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of conventional water body vital signs sensors; Strategy Adjustment Module: This module is used to continuously acquire updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs after collaborative intervention, evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results.

[0094] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0095] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0096] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An automated control method for the synergistic remediation of purification and replenishment in small water bodies, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. S2. Based on the ambient temperature and humidity, compensate and correct the escaping gas concentration data to generate corrected escaping gas concentration data; S3. Based on a predetermined time window, perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, generate an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. S4. Retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment results match the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, generate a sediment nutrient release status signal. S5. Respond to the nutrient release status signal in the bottom sediment and perform coordinated intervention; the coordinated intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of the water body's conventional vital signs sensors; S6. After the collaborative intervention, continuously obtain updated data on the concentration of escaping gases and routine vital signs, evaluate the intervention effect, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results. The S4 includes: Obtain the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in sediment; Analyze the time series of dissolved oxygen concentration to determine whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold of dissolved oxygen. Analyze the pH time series to determine whether the average pH value shows a decreasing trend; Analyze the water temperature time series to determine whether the water temperature value remains within the preset anaerobic microbial activity temperature range; Analyze the time series of ammonia nitrogen concentrations to determine whether the average ammonia nitrogen concentration shows an upward trend; A sediment nutrient release status signal is generated when at least two of the following four conditions are met: Condition 1: The average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend, or the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen. Condition 2: The average pH value shows a decreasing trend; Condition 3: The water temperature remains within the preset active temperature range for anaerobic microorganisms; Condition 4: The average ammonia nitrogen level shows an upward trend.

2. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system acquires data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs from water body sensors via an environmental sensing array near the water surface. The escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compound concentrations. The conventional vital signs include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration. The concentration values ​​of hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds are collected as escape gas concentration data by using hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compound sensors in the gas sensor array. Ambient temperature and humidity data are obtained by measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity using temperature and humidity sensors; Dissolved oxygen concentration is measured by a dissolved oxygen sensor, pH value is measured by a pH sensor, water temperature is measured by a water temperature sensor, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is measured by an ammonia nitrogen sensor, generating routine vital signs parameters.

3. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of compensating and correcting the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity to generate corrected escape gas concentration data includes: The ambient temperature and humidity are input into a preset temperature and humidity compensation model to obtain the first correction coefficient of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second correction coefficient of the volatile organic compound sensor; the temperature and humidity compensation model is used to output the correction coefficients of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor. Multiply the first correction factor by the hydrogen sulfide concentration value to obtain the hydrogen sulfide concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation. Multiply the second correction factor by the volatile organic compound concentration value to obtain the volatile organic compound concentration value after temperature and humidity compensation; Ambient background air was collected during a preset background sampling period to obtain the first background response value of the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the second background response value of the volatile organic compound sensor; Subtract the first background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated hydrogen sulfide concentration value to obtain the baseline corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value; subtract the second background response value from the temperature and humidity compensated volatile organic compound concentration value to obtain the baseline corrected volatile organic compound concentration value. The baseline-corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and volatile organic compound concentration value are respectively subjected to smoothing filtering to generate the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value. The corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration value and the corrected volatile organic compound concentration value are combined to generate the corrected escape gas concentration data.

4. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trend analysis of the corrected escaping gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window, when the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds a preset low concentration threshold, generates early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment, including: Extract the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and volatile organic compound concentration sequence within a predetermined time window from the corrected escape gas concentration data; The system time is obtained at the current moment. The ambient wind speed and light intensity are obtained through wind speed and light sensors. The system determines whether the current system time is nighttime, whether the ambient wind speed is lower than the preset wind speed threshold, and whether the light intensity is lower than the preset light threshold. When the system time is during nighttime, the ambient wind speed is lower than the preset wind speed threshold, and the light intensity is lower than the preset light intensity threshold, calculate the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within the predetermined time window. If the corrected hydrogen sulfide concentration exceeds the preset low hydrogen sulfide concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the preset rate of increase of hydrogen sulfide, or if the corrected volatile organic compound concentration exceeds the preset low volatile organic compound concentration threshold and the average rate of increase of volatile organic compounds exceeds the rate of increase of volatile organic compounds, an early sign signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment is generated.

5. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the average rate of increase of the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence and the average rate of increase of the volatile organic compound concentration sequence within the predetermined time window includes: For the hydrogen sulfide concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the next moment and the hydrogen sulfide concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of hydrogen sulfide. For the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration sequence within a predetermined time window, the difference between the VOC concentration value at the next moment and the VOC concentration value at the previous moment is calculated sequentially. Each difference is divided by the time interval to obtain the instantaneous rise rate of each time interval. All instantaneous rise rates are summed and then divided by the total number of intervals within the predetermined time window to obtain the average rise rate of VOCs.

6. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether the average dissolved oxygen value shows a downward trend and whether the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen includes: The daily average dissolved oxygen concentration was extracted from the time series of dissolved oxygen concentrations, and a linear regression was performed on the extracted daily average dissolved oxygen concentration to obtain the regression slope. If the regression slope is negative and the absolute value exceeds the preset dissolved oxygen decrease slope threshold, then the average dissolved oxygen value is determined to be decreasing. The dissolved oxygen concentration values ​​at all sampling times during the nighttime period were extracted from the dissolved oxygen concentration time series, and the minimum value was taken as the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night. The lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is compared with a preset lower limit threshold for dissolved oxygen. If the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night is lower than the lower limit threshold, then the lowest value at night is determined to be lower than the lower limit threshold.

7. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coordinated intervention in response to sediment nutrient release status signals includes: In response to the nutrient release status signal of the bottom sediment, a low-intensity nutrient adsorbent dosing command is generated and sent to the pre-deployed titration pump in the water body to control the titration pump to add nutrient adsorbent; In response to the nutrient release status signal of the bottom sediment, a bottom aeration command is generated and sent to the aeration unit pre-deployed in the water body. The aeration unit includes a blower and a bottom microporous aeration disc. The blower runs periodically at a fixed duty cycle and generates microbubbles through the bottom microporous aeration disc to form a directional bottom oxygenation flow. In response to the nutrient release status signal in the sediment, a sensor cleaning frequency increase command is generated and sent to the automatic cleaning device pre-deployed on the conventional water body vital signs sensor, controlling the automatic cleaning device to increase the cleaning frequency to the predetermined enhanced cleaning frequency.

8. The automated control method for synergistic remediation of small water bodies through purification and replenishment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Following the coordinated intervention, continuously updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs are acquired, the intervention effect is evaluated, and the execution parameters of the coordinated intervention are dynamically adjusted based on the evaluation results, including: After the coordinated intervention is implemented, continuously obtain real-time updated corrected escape gas concentration data and routine vital signs parameters; At the end of each predetermined assessment period, the average concentration of escaping gas in this period is compared with the average concentration of escaping gas in the previous complete assessment period before the synergistic intervention, and the rate of decrease in escaping gas concentration is calculated. Compare the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night in this cycle with the lowest dissolved oxygen value at night in the previous complete assessment cycle before the synergistic intervention to calculate the extent of dissolved oxygen recovery. When the rate of decrease of the escaping gas concentration exceeds the effective decrease threshold and the magnitude of the increase of dissolved oxygen exceeds the effective increase threshold, an effective intervention signal is generated. Based on the effective intervention signal, a parameter adjustment instruction is generated to reduce the amount of nutrient adsorbent added by a predetermined ratio, reduce the duty cycle of the bottom aeration operation by a predetermined ratio, and restore the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor to the normal cleaning frequency. Otherwise, an insufficient intervention signal is generated, and a parameter adjustment instruction is generated based on the insufficient intervention signal. The dosage of nutrient adsorbent is increased by a predetermined ratio, the duty cycle of bottom aeration operation is increased by a predetermined ratio, and the automatic cleaning frequency of the sensor is maintained at the enhanced cleaning frequency.

9. An automated control and operation system for the coordinated restoration of small-scale water body purification and replenishment, used in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module: used to acquire data on the concentration of escaping gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and conventional vital signs parameters collected by conventional water body sensors through an environmental sensing array near the water surface; the escaping gas concentration data includes hydrogen sulfide concentration and volatile organic compound concentration; the conventional vital signs parameters include dissolved oxygen concentration, pH value, water temperature, and ammonia nitrogen concentration; Data correction module: used to compensate and correct the escape gas concentration data based on ambient temperature and humidity, and generate corrected escape gas concentration data; Early signs identification module: used to perform trend analysis on the corrected escaping gas concentration data based on a predetermined time window. When the escaping gas concentration continues to rise and exceeds the preset low concentration threshold, it generates early signs signal of anaerobic decomposition of sediment. The correlation judgment module is used to retrieve historical trend data of conventional vital signs parameters within a preset historical period before the occurrence of early signs of anaerobic decomposition in the sediment and make correlation judgments. When the judgment result matches the preset anaerobic decomposition evolution characteristics, a sediment nutrient release status signal is generated. Collaborative intervention module: used to respond to the nutrient release status signal of bottom sediment and perform collaborative intervention; the collaborative intervention includes adding nutrient adsorbent, starting bottom aeration, and increasing the automatic cleaning frequency of conventional water body vital signs sensors; Strategy Adjustment Module: This module is used to continuously acquire updated data on escape gas concentrations and routine vital signs after collaborative intervention, evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, and dynamically adjust the execution parameters of the collaborative intervention based on the evaluation results.

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