A grouting device

Abstract

This invention discloses a grouting device in which a centralizing mechanism, a slip mechanism, and a rubber sealing cylinder are slidably mounted on a central pipe in sequence along the direction of grout flow. The slip mechanism is fixedly connected to the centralizing mechanism and slides synchronously on the central pipe. The end of the rubber sealing cylinder opposite to the centralizing mechanism is fixedly connected to the central pipe through a force-limiting connection mechanism, and the rubber sealing cylinder moves synchronously with the central pipe through the force-limiting connection mechanism. This invention integrates all the technical advantages of segmented precise grouting, controllable grouting parameters, anti-clogging and anti-jamming, flexible setting and unsealing, and recovery in extreme cases. It can fully match the differentiated grouting needs of different strata, geological conditions, and grout volumes, fundamentally solving all the technical defects of traditional grouting devices, significantly improving the quality and efficiency of stratum grouting reinforcement, and reducing construction costs and risks. It is the optimal technical solution for surface directional drilling grouting construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering construction equipment technology. Specifically, it relates to a grouting device. Background Technology

[0002] In the development and construction of underground engineering projects, grouting is a core technology that directly determines the stability of the engineering structure, construction safety, and the quality of subsequent operation and maintenance. The construction of underground projects such as tunnels and shafts typically involves first excavating a bare borehole, then rapidly and simultaneously constructing initial support, followed by other construction processes. Finally, a formwork trolley or slipform is used to pour a monolithically formed secondary lining to provide permanent support. However, underground construction involves many uncertainties and uncontrollable factors. For example, unevenness on the surface of the initial support shotcrete, over-excavation and failure to backfill the surrounding rock, insufficient concrete filling during the secondary lining pouring, or the presence of fissures and fractured rock strata around the initial support can all lead to loose bonding between the initial support and the secondary lining, resulting in voids, or a lack of tight bonding between the support and the strata. These voids and loose areas cannot be resolved simply by the secondary lining; additional grouting is required to repair these voids or reinforce local strata.

[0003] Existing grouting devices, especially those capable of localized formation grouting, suffer from a major problem: the grouting head easily gets stuck inside the grouting casing. The primary reason is that the setting mechanism on the grouting head is usually located at the rear end of the grout outlet. When the grouting area is filled with grout, the grout flows in the opposite direction to the setting mechanism, creating a dead zone where the grout doesn't flow. The grout then deposits and solidifies in this area, fixing the setting mechanism inside the grouting casing. This prevents the setting mechanism from being released, causing the grouting head to become stuck inside the casing. This process is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, potentially leading to tools remaining downhole and even requiring re-drilling, thus affecting the grouting effect and construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grouting device that can effectively solve the problem of grouting head jamming while ensuring continuous segmented grouting operations, and completely avoid the problem of grouting head being completely stuck, thus ensuring grouting quality and efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a grouting device, comprising a central pipe, a straightening mechanism, a slip mechanism, and a rubber sealing cylinder, wherein the straightening mechanism, the slip mechanism, and the rubber sealing cylinder are slidably mounted on the central pipe in sequence along the direction of grout flow within the central pipe; the straightening mechanism is axially slidably connected to or axially locked to the central pipe via a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism limiting the sliding range of the straightening mechanism on the central pipe; the slip mechanism is fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism and slides synchronously on the central pipe, the free end of the slip mechanism is positioned facing the rubber sealing cylinder and cooperates with the rubber sealing cylinder; the end of the rubber sealing cylinder facing away from the straightening mechanism is connected by a force-limiting connection. The connecting mechanism is fixedly connected to the central tube. The force-limiting connecting mechanism limits the axial connection strength between the rubber sealing cylinder and the central tube. The rubber sealing cylinder moves synchronously with the central tube through the force-limiting connecting mechanism. The central tube is supported in the grouting sleeve by the straightening mechanism. The grouting sleeve is placed in a pre-drilled hole by the drilling rig. One end of the central tube is connected to the grouting pump fluid. When the central tube moves into the grouting sleeve, the rubber sealing cylinder and the slip mechanism move away from each other. When the central tube moves out of the grouting sleeve, the rubber sealing cylinder and the slip mechanism move closer to each other and push the slip mechanism to open and lock the pipe wall of the grouting sleeve. At the same time, the rubber sealing cylinder is subjected to axial pressure and generates radial expansion to tightly adhere to the pipe wall of the grouting sleeve.

[0006] This invention employs a structure in which a straightening mechanism, a slip mechanism, and a rubber sealing cylinder are arranged sequentially. The slip mechanism and the rubber sealing cylinder are interconnected. During lowering, the force on each component is upward. The straightening mechanism drives the slip mechanism to separate from the rubber sealing cylinder, and the slip is in a retracted state, ensuring smooth lowering. Sealing can be quickly completed simply by lifting the central tube, and the direction of the force is the same as the slurry pressure; that is, the slurry pressure pushes the central tube, automatically maintaining upward pressure to ensure a sealing effect. In this invention, the rubber sealing cylinder uses axial compression to generate radial expansion. The rubber sealing cylinder itself can slide on the central tube, making the structure very simple. When the unblocking slurry solidifies, the rubber sealing cylinder is continuously axially and radially slid away from the slurry block by simply pulling the central tube up and down. Once the rubber sealing cylinder unfolds, the slip simultaneously loses its opening force, quickly releasing the sealing. Simultaneously, if jamming occurs, the force-limiting connection mechanism is broken by forcibly pulling the central tube, forcing the rubber sealing cylinder to separate, quickly releasing the jamming.

[0007] In the aforementioned grouting device, the central tube extends along the direction of grout flow and at least passes through the force-limiting connection mechanism to form a grout outlet section. The length of the grout outlet section is at least the length required to allow the rubber sealing cylinder to transition from an axially contracted state to an axially expanded state. A guide head with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the rubber sealing cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the end of the grout outlet section. By providing the grout outlet section and the guide head, the rubber sealing cylinder can be received and simultaneously pulled out of the well after the force-limiting connection mechanism fails.

[0008] In the aforementioned grouting device, the guide head is detachably and fixedly connected to the central tube via a shearable pin. By incorporating the shearable pin, in extreme situations, the device can be forcibly pulled up, breaking the pin, removing and retaining the main structure, and discarding low-cost and easily handled components such as the guide head and rubber sealing cylinder, thus minimizing losses and reducing the difficulty of subsequent work.

[0009] In the aforementioned grouting device, a central pipe extends along the direction of grout flow and passes at least through a force-limiting connecting mechanism to form a grout outlet section. Radial anti-clogging guide holes are provided on the pipe wall of the grout outlet section near the force-limiting connecting mechanism. Grout from the central pipe is injected through these radial anti-clogging guide holes into the annular space between the grout outlet section and the grouting sleeve, thus promoting grout flow within the annular space. By providing radial anti-clogging guide holes, grout flow can be formed within the annular space, dynamically displacing the grout and preventing dead zones in grout flow.

[0010] The aforementioned grouting device includes a radial anti-clogging guide hole comprising a primary guide hole and a secondary guide hole arranged sequentially along the grout flow direction inside the central pipe, wherein the primary guide hole and the secondary guide hole are staggered in the circumferential direction of the central pipe.

[0011] In the aforementioned grouting device, the grout injection direction of the primary guide hole forms a 90° angle with the axis of the central pipe, while the grout injection direction of the secondary guide hole forms an angle of 20°-60° with the axis of the central pipe. By setting the primary and secondary guide holes, staggered and with set angles respectively, after the grout is ejected from the primary guide hole, it impacts the grouting sleeve and is diverted upwards and downwards respectively. The upward diversion can act on the rubber sealing cylinder and the force-limiting connection mechanism, avoiding the formation of flow dead zones. The secondary guide hole sprays the grout downwards from a position below the two adjacent primary guide holes, promoting and guiding the grout to flow outside the annular space. The two stages of holes cooperate to form a local dynamic circulation of grout, avoiding grout dead zones and preventing excessive impact of upward grout on the rubber sealing cylinder and the force-limiting connection mechanism.

[0012] The aforementioned grouting device includes a slip mechanism comprising an annular slip seat and external thread slip plates evenly arranged around the annular slip seat. The annular slip seat is fitted onto the central tube and fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism. One end of the external thread slip plate is hinged to the annular slip seat, and the other end of the external thread slip plate is positioned toward the rubber sealing cylinder and constrained to the annular slip seat by a spring plate. An inner inclined surface that gradually expands toward the rubber sealing cylinder is provided on the side wall of the external thread slip plate adjacent to the central tube wall.

[0013] An upper retaining ring is fixedly connected to one end of the rubber sealing cylinder near the slip mechanism, and an outer conical surface is opened on the end of the upper retaining ring near the slip mechanism.

[0014] The outer conical surface pushes the external toothed slip plate within the range of the inner inclined surface; or the outer conical surface withdraws from the range of the inner inclined surface, releasing the pushing action on the external toothed slip plate.

[0015] The aforementioned grouting device includes a force-limiting connection mechanism comprising two arc-shaped fixing plates assembled into a circular tube and an open retaining ring. An annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the central tube along the circumferential direction. The two arc-shaped fixing plates are fitted onto the central tube. A square protrusion is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped fixing plates. The square protrusion is engaged in the annular groove to provide axial support force for fixing the arc-shaped fixing plates onto the central tube. An outer groove is provided on the outer wall of the arc-shaped fixing plates along the circumferential direction of the central tube. The open retaining ring is fitted onto the outer side of the two arc-shaped fixing plates and engaged in the outer groove to constrain the two arc-shaped fixing plates onto the central tube.

[0016] In the aforementioned grouting device, the end of the arc-shaped fixing plate adjacent to the rubber sealing cylinder is the first end, and the end of the arc-shaped fixing plate away from the rubber sealing cylinder is the second end; the outer groove is opened within the range between the square protrusion and the first end of the arc-shaped fixing plate, and the annular surface of the open retaining ring extends beyond the outer groove and extends radially along the central tube.

[0017] A lower retaining ring is fixedly connected to the end of the rubber sealing cylinder away from the slip mechanism. A circular groove with the same outer diameter as the arc-shaped fixing plate is opened on the end face of the lower retaining ring. The first ends of the two arc-shaped fixing plates are inserted into the circular groove. A gap is provided between the end face of the lower retaining ring and the ring face of the open retaining ring.

[0018] The distance from the square protruding ridge to the first end of the arc-shaped fixed plate is A, and the distance from the square protruding ridge to the second end of the arc-shaped fixed plate is B, where A > B. By setting a force-limiting connection mechanism, when the axial pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of the connection mechanism, it automatically disengages from the central tube, ensuring that the rubber sealing cylinder can be unfolded and simultaneously releasing the seat seal of the slip.

[0019] The aforementioned grouting device includes a guide head comprising a sleeve fitted onto a central tube and a fixed sleeve. A pin hole is radially formed on the wall of the central tube. A long groove is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, with the top end of the groove protruding from the top of the sleeve. The width of the long groove matches the diameter of the shearable pin. A positioning step is provided inside the sleeve. External threads are formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and internal threads are formed on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve. The internal and external threads are matched and can be screwed together. The end of the central tube abuts against the positioning step inside the sleeve. When the positioning step abuts against the end face of the central tube, a portion of the shearable pin protrudes beyond the end face of the sleeve. One end of the shearable pin is inserted into the pin hole, and the other end is inserted into the long groove. The fixed sleeve is located above the pin and is connected to the sleeve via threads, pressing against the shearable pin.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] 1. The central tube is fixed by friction between the straightening mechanism and the grouting sleeve, mechanical clamping of the slips, and multiple fixing methods such as rubber sealing cylinder. The central tube can be flexibly unsealed by pulling it out. In case of extreme jamming, the central tube can be forcibly unsealed and retrieved by cutting the force limiting connection mechanism and the guide head shearing pin, thus reducing construction risks.

[0022] 2. Two-stage flow channels are opened in the central tube to realize dynamic replacement of cement slurry and avoid cement slurry solidification and jamming in the non-flowing annular blind zone between the central tube and the grouting sleeve.

[0023] 3. The grouting device can precisely stop at any position on the grouting casing, matching the data from previous geological exploration, and performing targeted grouting for different strata, geological conditions, and grout volume. This eliminates the complex stratum mixing problem of traditional fixed-interval grouting and effectively solves the technical defects of uneven grouting. It can precisely control and maintain the grouting volume and pressure of the current grouting section, accurately controlling the grouting quality from the construction process data, and ensuring the stratum grouting strengthening effect. During the construction of subsequent grouting sections, the one-way valve group can be used to supplement the grouting and pressurize the previous grouting section, solving the problem of local leakage of cement grout in the lost strata that cannot be replenished, and improving the overall grouting quality. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the grouting device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the straightening mechanism and the slip mechanism of the present invention assembled on the central tube;

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rubber sealing cylinder and guide head of the present invention assembled on the central tube;

[0027] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the force-limiting connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the slide groove of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the grouting device of the present invention grouting in the formation.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-Central pipe; 11-Discharge section; 12-Annular groove; 2-Straightening mechanism; 21-Connecting pipe; 22-Straightening sleeve; 23-Installation groove; 24-Straightening block; 25-Rectangular spring; 3-Clamping mechanism; 31-Annular clamping seat; 32-External thread clamping plate; 33-Spring plate; 34-Inner inclined surface; 4-Rubber sealing cylinder; 41-Upper retaining ring; 42-Lower retaining ring; 43-Outer conical surface; 44-Circular groove; 5-Limiting mechanism; 51- Guide shaft; 52-Guide shaft seat; 53-Slide groove; 54-Axial limiting section; 6-Force limiting connection mechanism; 61-Arc-shaped fixing plate; 62-Square convex ridge; 63-External groove; 64-Open retaining ring; 7-Radial anti-clogging guide hole; 71-Primary guide hole; 72-Secondary guide hole; 8-Grouting sleeve; 81-Stepped hole; 82-Annular groove; 83-Stepped sealing plug; 84-Elastic hoop; 9-Guide head; 91-Shearable pin; 92-Sleeve; 93-Fixing sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] One type of grouting device in this embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the device includes a central tube 1, a straightening mechanism 2, a slip mechanism 3, and a rubber sealing cylinder 4. The straightening mechanism 2, slip mechanism 3, and rubber sealing cylinder 4 are sequentially and slidably fitted onto the central tube 1 along the direction of slurry flow within the central tube 1. The straightening mechanism 2 is axially slidably connected to the central tube 1 or axially locked via a limiting mechanism 5, which limits the sliding range of the straightening mechanism 2 on the central tube 1. The slip mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism 2 and slides synchronously on the central tube 1. The free end of the slip mechanism 3 faces the rubber sealing cylinder 4 and cooperates with it. The end of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 facing away from the straightening mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the central tube 1 via a force-limiting connection mechanism 6. The force-limiting connection mechanism 6 limits the axial connection strength between the rubber sealing cylinder 4 and the central tube 1. The rubber sealing cylinder 4 moves synchronously with the central tube 1 through the force-limiting connection mechanism 6. The central tube 1 is supported in the grouting sleeve 8 by the straightening mechanism 2. The grouting sleeve 8 is placed in the borehole pre-drilled by the drilling rig. One end of the central tube 1 is connected to the grouting pump fluid. When the central tube 1 moves into the grouting sleeve 8, the rubber sealing cylinder 4 and the slip mechanism 3 move away from each other. When the central tube 1 moves out of the grouting sleeve 8, the rubber sealing cylinder 4 and the slip mechanism 3 move closer to each other and push the slip mechanism 3 to open and lock the pipe wall of the grouting sleeve 8. At the same time, the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is subjected to axial pressure and generates radial expansion to tightly adhere to the pipe wall of the grouting sleeve 8.

[0033] To prevent slurry from forming dead zones and solidifying, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the central pipe 1 extends along the direction of the slurry flow inside and passes through at least the force-limiting connection mechanism 6 to form the slurry outlet section 11; a radial anti-blocking guide hole 7 is provided on the pipe wall of the slurry outlet section 11 near the force-limiting connection mechanism 6; the slurry in the central pipe 1 is sprayed into the annular space between the slurry outlet section 11 and the grouting sleeve 8 through the radial anti-blocking guide hole 7, which promotes the flow of slurry in the annular space.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the radial anti-clogging guide holes 7 include primary guide holes 71 and secondary guide holes 72 arranged sequentially along the slurry flow direction inside the central pipe 1. The primary guide holes 71 and secondary guide holes 72 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the central pipe 1, and the angle between adjacent primary guide holes 71 or adjacent secondary guide holes 72 in the plane perpendicular to the axial direction is 20°-90°. The slurry injection direction of the primary guide holes 71 makes an angle of 90° with the axis of the central pipe 1, and the slurry injection direction of the secondary guide holes 72 makes an angle of 20°-60° with the axis of the central pipe 1. The primary guide holes are used to generate turbulence, and the secondary guide holes are used for flow displacement. The two work together to form a circulation, thereby turning the entire non-flowing annular blind zone into a dynamic displacement zone of constantly flowing cement slurry.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the blank area of ​​the slurry outlet section 11 is at least the length required for the rubber sealing cylinder 4 to change from an axially contracted state to an axially expanded state. The blank area refers to the part without any other structures installed, only the central tube. A guide head 9 with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is detachably and fixedly connected to the end of the slurry outlet section 11. The guide head 9 is detachably and fixedly connected to the central tube 1 through a shearable pin 91.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the guide head 9 includes a sleeve 92 and a fixing sleeve 93 fitted onto the central tube 1. A pin hole is radially formed on the wall of the central tube 1. A long groove is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve 92, and the top end of the long groove protrudes from the top of the sleeve 92. The width of the long groove matches the diameter of the shearable pin 91. A positioning step is provided inside the sleeve 92. An external thread is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve 92. An internal thread is formed on the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 93. The internal and external threads match each other and can be screwed together. When the end of the central tube 1 abuts against the positioning step inside the sleeve 92 and the positioning step abuts against the end face of the central tube 1, a part of the shearable pin 91 is exposed outside the end face of the sleeve 92. One end of the shearable pin 91 is inserted into the pin hole, and the other end is inserted into the long groove. The fixing sleeve 93 is located above the pin. The fixing sleeve 93 is connected to the sleeve 92 by threads and presses the shearable pin 91.

[0037] The installation process is as follows: 1. Place the fixing sleeve 93 on the end of the central tube 1 and push it upwards a certain distance to expose the pin hole; 2. Insert the shearable pin 91 into the pin hole, with a portion of the shearable pin 91 protruding from the pin hole, the length of which matches the radial depth of the long groove; 3. Place the sleeve 92 on the end of the central tube 1, so that the positioning step abuts against the end face of the central tube 1, and simultaneously insert the exposed portion of the shearable pin 91 into the long groove, with a portion of the shearable pin 91 protruding beyond the end face of the sleeve 92 when the positioning step abuts against the end face of the central tube 1; 4. Push the fixing sleeve 93 downwards and screw it onto the sleeve 92, connecting the sleeve 92 and the fixing sleeve 93 together using threads, while simultaneously pressing the shearable pin 91. The shearable pin 91 refers to a pin that can maintain a stable support effect within a specified shear force range, but when the shear force exceeds the range, the shearable pin 91 cannot maintain support and will break.

[0038] A portion of the shearable pin 91 protrudes beyond the end face of the sleeve 92 and is connected via a threaded connection. Essentially, the sleeve 92 is first axially constrained by the shearable pin 91, and then, when connected to the sleeve 92 via the thread, the thread gradually pulls the sleeve 92 upward, causing the end of the central tube 1 to abut against the positioning step. The advantage of this is that the sleeve 92 is fixed to the central tube 1 in the circumferential direction, and the sleeve 92 is pressed against the end face of the central tube 1 in the axial direction. During the lowering process, the upward impact force borne by the sleeve 92 can be directly transmitted to the central tube 1, avoiding the shearable pin 91 from bearing the impact force. At the same time, the initial shear force borne by the shearable pin 91 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the thread. The greater the tightness, the greater the initial shear force applied to the shearable pin 91, and the smaller the subsequent additional shear force required to cause the shearable pin 91 to break, thus achieving control over the maximum pressure that the shearable pin 91 can withstand.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the slip mechanism 3 includes an annular slip seat 31 and external thread slip plates 32 evenly arranged around the annular slip seat 31. The annular slip seat 31 is fitted onto the central tube 1 and fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism 2. One end of the external thread slip plate 32 is hinged to the annular slip seat 31, and the other end of the external thread slip plate 32 is set towards the rubber sealing cylinder 4 and constrained on the annular slip seat 31 by a spring plate 33. An inner inclined surface 34 that gradually expands towards the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is provided on the side wall of the external thread slip plate 32 adjacent to the wall of the central tube 1.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, an upper retaining ring 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 adjacent to the slip mechanism 3. An outer conical surface 43 is provided on one end of the upper retaining ring 41 adjacent to the slip mechanism 3. The outer conical surface 43 enters the range of the inner inclined surface 34 and pushes the outer thread slip plate 32; or the outer conical surface 43 exits from the range of the inner inclined surface 34, releasing the push on the outer thread slip plate 32, so as to achieve mutual cooperation.

[0041] The central tube 1 is arranged in a stepped shaft, divided by the upper end of the upper retaining ring 41. The upper part is the large diameter section, and the lower part is the small diameter section. That is, the entire rubber sealing cylinder 4 and related structures are installed on the small diameter section, and the upper retaining ring 41 abuts against the end face of the large diameter section.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the force-limiting connection mechanism 6 includes two arc-shaped fixing plates 61 assembled into a circular tube and an open retaining ring 64. An annular groove 12 is provided on the outer wall of the central tube 1 along the circumferential direction. The two arc-shaped fixing plates 61 are wrapped around the central tube 1. A square protrusion 62 is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61. The square protrusion 62 is locked in the annular groove 12 to provide axial support force for fixing the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 to the central tube 1. An outer groove 63 is provided on the outer wall of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 along the circumferential direction of the central tube 1. The open retaining ring 64 is sleeved on the outside of the two arc-shaped fixing plates 61 and locked in the outer groove 63 to constrain the two arc-shaped fixing plates 61 to the central tube 1.

[0043] The end of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 adjacent to the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is the first end, and the end of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 away from the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is the second end; the outer groove 63 is opened in the range between the square protrusion 62 and the first end of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61, and the annular surface of the open retaining ring 64 extends beyond the outer groove 63 and extends radially along the central tube 1.

[0044] A lower retaining ring 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 away from the slip mechanism 3. A circular groove 44 with the same outer diameter as the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 is opened on the end face of the lower retaining ring 42. The first ends of the two arc-shaped fixing plates 61 are inserted into the circular groove 44. A gap is provided between the end face of the lower retaining ring 42 and the annular surface of the open retaining ring 64.

[0045] The distance from the square protrusion 62 to the first end of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 is A, and the distance from the square protrusion 62 to the second end of the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 is B, where A > B.

[0046] Under normal conditions, the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is subjected to axial compression. Annular pre-set grooves are provided on the inner and outer sides of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 to limit and guide its deformation. The lower retaining ring 42 applies the axial force to the central tube 1 through the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 and the square protrusion 62, and ensures that the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 can fit onto the central tube through the circular groove 44 and the open retaining ring 64. When the axial pressure is too high, the lower retaining ring 42 deforms downwards, towards the open retaining ring 64. Because the center of the lower retaining ring 42 is blocked by the arc-shaped fixing plate 61, it will not deform downwards; the deformation occurs in the area around the circular groove 44 until it presses down on and pushes against the open retaining ring 64. As the open retaining ring 64 extends outward, under the action of leverage, it pries the circular groove 44 outward, that is, it is pried outward, causing the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 to disengage from the circular groove 44, releasing the restriction above. Meanwhile, sections A and B also form a lever, prying the square protrusion 62 out of the annular groove 12. The square protrusion 62 and the annular groove 12 have a certain gap to support the square protrusion 62 to tilt within the annular groove 12, ultimately causing the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 to separate from the central tube, releasing the fixation on the rubber sealing cylinder 4. The advantage of doing this is that under normal pressure, the axial support effect of the square protrusion 62 and the arc-shaped fixing plate 61 is fully utilized, and when the pressure exceeds the normal range, they can be quickly separated.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the straightening mechanism 2 includes a connecting pipe 21, a straightening sleeve 22, and a straightening block 24 that are slidably mounted on the central pipe 1. An axial mounting groove 23 is provided on the outer ring surface of the straightening sleeve 22. The straightening block 24 is radially slidably mounted in the mounting groove 23. The straightening block 24 is provided with an outward pushing force by a rectangular spring 25 provided in the mounting groove 23, so that the straightening block 24 fits against the pipe wall of the grouting sleeve 8. One end of the straightening sleeve 22 is inserted into the connecting pipe 21 and fixed, and the other end of the straightening sleeve 22 is inserted into the annular clamp seat 31 and fixed.

[0048] The straightening block 24 is a key component that uses a rectangular spring 25 to provide positive pressure and tightly adheres to the inner wall of the grouting sleeve, thereby achieving temporary and adaptive fixation of the straightening mechanism 2 using friction. The adaptive mutual fixation between the straightening mechanism 2, the slip mechanism, and the grouting sleeve depends on the magnitude of the friction between the straightening block and the inner wall of the grouting sleeve. The greater the positive pressure applied by the elastic component to the straightening block, the greater the friction generated; conversely, the smaller the positive pressure applied by the elastic component to the straightening block, the smaller the friction generated. Therefore, the magnitude of the friction can be flexibly set or selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual construction requirements.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the limiting mechanism 5 includes a guide shaft seat 52 and a guide shaft 51 fixed inside the connecting pipe 21 and sleeved on the central pipe 1. A groove 53 is formed axially on the outer wall of the central pipe 1. The end of the groove 53 away from the rubber sealing cylinder 4 is bent at 90° on the outer wall of the central pipe 1 to form an axial limiting section 54. The guide shaft 51 is radially fixedly installed on the guide shaft seat 52, and the end of the guide shaft 51 is inserted into the groove 53. The length of the groove 53 is at least equal to the length of the rubber sealing cylinder 4 when it is axially extended, so that the straightening mechanism 2 can only move axially along the central pipe 1. The sliding mechanism 2 and the sliding distance are limited. The slide groove 53 is used to guide and limit the axial sliding of the guide shaft 51 along the central tube 1, so that the straightening mechanism slides axially on the central tube 1. The axial limiting section 54 is used to limit the axial sliding of the guide shaft 51 relative to the central tube 1. Specifically, after the guide shaft 51 moves to the position of the axial limiting section 54 in the slide groove 53, the central tube 1 is rotated so that the guide shaft 51 enters the axial limiting section 54 and cannot slide axially. That is, the straightening mechanism 2 and the central tube 1 are axially locked so that when the seat is released and then lifted, it will not be seated again.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, to facilitate localized and segmented grouting construction, a unidirectional grouting structure is arranged axially on the wall of the grouting casing 8. The grouting casing is a metal casing installed inside the well, used to provide physical support for the well space, achieving isolation of the strata and preventing strata collapse that could bury or block the underground well. The unidirectional grouting structure specifically includes a stepped sealing plug 83 and an elastic hoop 84. A circumferential groove 82 is opened on the outer wall of the grouting casing 8, and a stepped hole 81 penetrating to the inner wall is opened at the bottom of the groove 82. The small diameter hole of the stepped hole 81 communicates with the inner wall of the grouting casing 8, and the large diameter hole of the stepped hole 81 communicates with the inner wall of the grouting casing 8. The groove 82 is through, and the stepped sealing plugs 83 are slidably installed in the stepped holes 81. Elastic clamps 84 are fitted inside the annular groove 82 and clamp each stepped sealing plug 83. During grouting, the pressure of the grout inside the pipe pushes the stepped sealing plugs 83 to overcome the pressure of the elastic clamps 84 and open them from the stepped holes 81, allowing the grout to flow from the grouting sleeve 8 into the formation. When grouting stops, the elastic clamps 84 press the stepped sealing plugs 83 back into the stepped holes 81 to maintain a seal, preventing grout from returning to the grouting sleeve 8. This helps maintain the grout pressure within the formation and facilitates subsequent re-grouting. The unidirectional grouting structure avoids the problem of conventional unidirectional valve cores being easily clogged by cement slurry accumulation.

[0051] The device in this embodiment integrates all the technical advantages of segmented precision grouting, controllable grouting parameters, anti-clogging and anti-jamming, flexible setting and unsealing, and recyclability in extreme situations. It can fully match the differentiated grouting needs of different strata, different geological conditions, and different grout volumes, fundamentally solving all the technical defects of traditional grouting devices, greatly improving the quality and efficiency of stratum grouting reinforcement, and reducing construction costs and risks. It is the optimal technical solution for surface directional drilling grouting construction.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A grouting device, characterized in that, The device includes a central tube (1), a straightening mechanism (2), a slip mechanism (3), and a rubber sealing cylinder (4). The straightening mechanism (2), the slip mechanism (3), and the rubber sealing cylinder (4) are sequentially and slidably fitted onto the central tube (1) along the direction of slurry flow within the central tube (1). The straightening mechanism (2) is axially slidably connected to the central tube (1) or axially locked via a limiting mechanism (5). The slip mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism (2) and synchronously connected to the central tube (1). The free end of the locking mechanism (3) is positioned facing the rubber sealing cylinder (4) and cooperates with it. The end of the rubber sealing cylinder (4) away from the straightening mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the central tube (1) through the force limiting connection mechanism (6). The force limiting connection mechanism (6) limits the axial connection strength between the rubber sealing cylinder (4) and the central tube (1). The rubber sealing cylinder (4) moves synchronously with the central tube (1) through the force limiting connection mechanism (6). The central tube (1) extends along the direction of the slurry flow inside and passes through at least the force-limiting connection mechanism (6) to form a slurry outlet section (11); a radial anti-blocking guide hole (7) is provided on the pipe wall of the slurry outlet section (11) near the force-limiting connection mechanism (6); the slurry in the central tube (1) is sprayed into the annular space between the slurry outlet section (11) and the grouting sleeve (8) through the radial anti-blocking guide hole (7), thereby promoting the flow of slurry in the annular space; The radial anti-clogging guide hole (7) includes a primary guide hole (71) and a secondary guide hole (72) arranged sequentially along the slurry flow direction inside the central tube (1). The primary guide hole (71) and the secondary guide hole (72) are staggered in the circumferential direction of the central tube (1). The slurry injection direction of the primary guide hole (71) is at an angle of 90° to the axis of the central pipe (1), and the slurry injection direction of the secondary guide hole (72) is at an angle of 20°-60° to the axis of the central pipe (1).

2. A grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The central tube (1) extends along the direction of the slurry flow inside and passes through at least the force-limiting connection mechanism (6) to form a slurry outlet section (11); the length of the slurry outlet section (11) is at least the length required for the rubber sealing cylinder (4) to change from an axially contracted state to an axially expanded state, and a guide head (9) with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the rubber sealing cylinder (4) is detachably and fixedly connected to the end of the slurry outlet section (11).

3. A grouting device according to claim 2, characterised in that The guide head (9) is detachably and fixedly connected to the central tube (1) by a shearable pin (91).

4. A grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The locking mechanism (3) includes an annular locking seat (31) and external thread locking plates (32) evenly arranged around the annular locking seat (31). The annular locking seat (31) is fitted onto the central tube (1) and fixedly connected to the straightening mechanism (2). One end of the external thread locking plate (32) is hinged to the annular locking seat (31), and the other end of the external thread locking plate (32) is set toward the rubber sealing cylinder (4) and constrained on the annular locking seat (31) by a spring plate (33). The external thread locking plate (32) has an inner inclined surface (34) that gradually expands toward the rubber sealing cylinder (4) on one side wall adjacent to the central tube (1). The rubber sealing cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to an upper retaining ring (41) at one end near the slip mechanism (3), and the upper retaining ring (41) is provided with an outer conical surface (43) at one end near the slip mechanism (3). The outer conical surface (43) enters the range of the inner inclined surface (34) and pushes the external toothed slip plate (32); or the outer conical surface (43) exits from the range of the inner inclined surface (34) and releases the pushing of the external toothed slip plate (32).

5. A grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The force-limiting connection mechanism (6) includes two arc-shaped fixing plates (61) combined into a cylindrical shape and an open retaining ring (64). An annular groove (12) is provided on the outer wall of the central tube (1) along the circumferential direction. The two arc-shaped fixing plates (61) are wrapped around the central tube (1). A square protrusion (62) is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61). The square protrusion (62) is locked in the annular groove (12) to provide axial support force for fixing the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) to the central tube (1). An outer groove (63) is provided on the outer wall of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) along the circumferential direction of the central tube (1). The open retaining ring (64) is sleeved on the outside of the two arc-shaped fixing plates (61) and locked in the outer groove (63) to constrain the two arc-shaped fixing plates (61) to the central tube (1).

6. A grouting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) adjacent to the rubber sealing cylinder (4) is the first end, and the end of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) away from the rubber sealing cylinder (4) is the second end; the outer groove (63) is opened in the range between the square protrusion (62) and the first end of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61), and the annular surface of the open retaining ring (64) extends beyond the outer groove (63) and extends radially along the central tube (1); A lower retaining ring (42) is fixedly connected to one end of the rubber sealing cylinder (4) away from the slip mechanism (3). A circular groove (44) with the same outer diameter as the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) is opened on the end face of the lower retaining ring (42). The first ends of the two arc-shaped fixing plates (61) are inserted into the circular groove (44). A gap is provided between the end face of the lower retaining ring (42) and the annular surface of the open retaining ring (64). The distance from the square protrusion (62) to the first end of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) is A, and the distance from the square protrusion (62) to the second end of the arc-shaped fixing plate (61) is B, where A > B.

7. A grouting device according to claim 3, wherein The guide head (9) includes a sleeve (92) fitted onto the central tube (1) and a fixing sleeve (93). A pin hole is radially formed on the wall of the central tube (1). A long groove is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve (92), with the top end of the groove protruding from the top of the sleeve (92). The width of the long groove matches the diameter of the shearable pin (91). A positioning step is provided inside the sleeve (92). External threads are formed on the outer wall of the sleeve (92), and internal threads are formed on the inner wall of the fixing sleeve (93). The threaded and external threads are matched and can be screwed together; the end of the central tube (1) abuts against the positioning step inside the sleeve (92), and when the positioning step abuts against the end face of the central tube (1), a part of the shearable pin (91) is exposed outside the end face of the sleeve (92), one end of the shearable pin (91) is inserted into the pin hole, and the other end is inserted into the long groove. The fixing sleeve (93) is located above the pin, and the fixing sleeve (93) is connected to the sleeve (92) by threads and presses the shearable pin (91).

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